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In the grand mechanism of the stock
market, nothing is more crucial, yet
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misunderstood, than the interplay of
supply and demand.
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00:00:07,820 --> 00:00:12,220
For the average man, the market appears
as a chaotic whirlwind of rising and
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00:00:12,220 --> 00:00:15,820
falling prices governed by news, rumor,
and sheer chance.
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He buys on hope and sells on fear,
perpetually one step behind the true
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00:00:21,260 --> 00:00:22,780
movements of the financial tide.
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But for the trained observer, the market
is not a mystery.
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It is a logical entity that, through its
own actions, consistently advertises
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its future intentions.
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The key to deciphering these intentions
lies in one critical skill, the ability
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to recognize demand.
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It is the ability to see the subtle but
deliberate footprints of smart money as
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it quietly prepares the ground for a
significant advance.
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Richard D. Wyckoff dedicated his entire
professional life to mastering this
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skill and then to teaching it.
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He proved that predicting uptrends was
not a matter of guesswork or inside
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information, but a science based on
observable facts, logic, and a deep
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understanding of the market's
fundamental laws.
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The foundation of his entire method
rests upon the first and most simple of
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these laws, the law of supply and
demand.
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This principle is as old as commerce
itself, yet its application to the stock
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market was, and still is, largely
ignored.
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Prices rise only when the force of
demand is greater than the force of
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and they decline when the reverse is
true.
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When these two forces are in a state of
equilibrium, prices move sideways within
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a narrow range.
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Every fluctuation, from the smallest
eighth of a point wiggle to the grandest
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multi -year bull market, is a direct
expression of this continuous battle.
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The thousands of influences that other
people use as a basis for their actions,
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news, earnings reports, dividend rates,
political events, and personal opinion,
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are all concentrated and boiled down
into the combined effect of their buying
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and selling.
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This combined effect is all that
matters, and it is all faithfully
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the tape, and by extension, on a price
chart.
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Therefore, to predict a future uptrend
is to accomplish one thing.
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to identify, through a logical analysis
of price and volume, the point at which
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demand is quietly but decisively
overpowering supply.
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This does not happen by accident.
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It is the result of a deliberate, well
-planned campaign conducted by the most
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informed minds in the market, an entity
Wyckoff termed the composite man.
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The primary evidence of this emergent
demand is found in a market phase
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identified as accumulation.
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This is the first and most critical
stage of any bull campaign.
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Accumulation is the process by which the
composite man, the amalgamation of
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large operators, insiders, and skilled
financial interests, absorbs the
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available floating supply of a stock
from the public, or weak hands.
47
00:03:07,030 --> 00:03:11,170
This process is conducted with great
skill and patience often over weeks or
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months, and its primary objective is to
acquire a large line of shares without
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causing the price to advance
significantly.
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To do this, the composite man must
operate under a cloak of pessimism.
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Accumulation almost always takes place
after a prolonged and often punishing
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decline.
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It occurs at price levels where the news
is at its worst, where corporate
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earnings are poor, and where the general
public, discouraged and fearful, is
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finally capitulating and selling its
holdings, often at a substantial loss.
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This environment of gloom is precisely
what the composite man requires.
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He has the foresight to see a change in
conditions far in the future, and he
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uses the current bearish sentiment to
his advantage, willingly taking shares
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the hands of those who can no longer
bear the pain of holding them.
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The entire process is a transfer of
ownership from weak, emotional, and
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uninformed hands to strong, patient, and
highly informed hands.
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Recognizing the distinct phases and
characteristics of this accumulation is
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key to predicting the subsequent
uptrend.
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The first sign that a long decline may
be ending and that accumulation may be
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starting often appears as a dramatic and
violent event on the chart.
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Wyckoff identified two key markers,
preliminary support, PS, and the selling
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climax, SC.
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After a stock has been trending down for
a considerable time, there will come a
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point where the first significant buying
appears.
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This preliminary support is often
characterized by a noticeable increase
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00:04:51,300 --> 00:04:54,840
volume and a widening of the price
spread after a long downward march.
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It is a signal that the first wave of
bargain hunters and informed interests
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beginning to step in, but it is usually
not strong enough to stop the decline
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00:05:04,920 --> 00:05:05,920
entirely.
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00:05:06,280 --> 00:05:10,300
The downward move often continues and
the public sphere intensifies.
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culminating in a selling climax this is
the event where the stock experiences a
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precipitous drop a rapid acceleration of
the decline on the chart it appears as
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a day or a series of days with an
enormous price range where the stock
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high and then plunges to a new low on
exceptionally heavy climactic volume
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is the moment of capitulation the last
of the week holders unable to withstand
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the pressure any longer, throw their
shares onto the market in a panic.
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It is precisely this deluge of supply
that the composite man has been waiting
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for. He steps in and absorbs these
shares, his immense buying power meeting
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public's panicked selling.
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00:05:56,920 --> 00:06:01,740
The very high volume is a characteristic
symptom of the climax, as both supply
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and demand must expand sharply under
these conditions.
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But now the supply is of poor quality,
panicked, while the demand is of good
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quality, informed.
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The action of the price itself provides
the final clue.
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After plunging to its low point, the
stock often closes well off the bottom
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the day, demonstrating that the immense
selling pressure was met and completely
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absorbed by an even greater buying
power.
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This climax exhausts the selling force,
and a technical rally which Wyckoff
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called the Automatic Rally A .R.
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almost invariably follows the high point
of this automatic rally helps to
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establish the upper boundary of the a
trading range tr while the low of the
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selling climax establishes the lower
boundary the stock has now entered a new
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phase the downtrend has been arrested
and the battlefield has been defined
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the war between supply and demand will
now be fought within the confines of
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00:07:04,670 --> 00:07:05,670
trading range
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00:07:06,120 --> 00:07:09,820
And it is here that the careful student
of the Wyckoff method can find the most
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definitive clues of a coming uptrend.
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Once the trading range is established,
the process of accumulation begins in
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earnest.
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The stock price will oscillate between
the support level defined by the selling
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climax and the resistance level defined
by the automatic rally.
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This sideways movement, which can last
for months, is the cause being built for
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00:07:32,600 --> 00:07:34,620
the future effect of a sustained
advance.
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To the uninformed observer this period
appears as a lifeless, uninteresting
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market. But to the Wyckoff analyst it is
the most critical area of study.
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The primary objective during this phase
is to determine whether the dominant
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force within the range is supply or
demand.
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If it is demand then accumulation is
taking place.
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If it is supply then the stock is
undergoing redistribution and another
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00:08:01,230 --> 00:08:02,230
is likely.
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Wyckoff provided a series of tests to
make this determination, based on a
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meticulous analysis of price and volume.
The most telling sign is the character
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of the volume on movements within the
range.
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During a genuine accumulation, volume
should be pronounced on rallies up from
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the bottom of the range and should
noticeably diminish on reactions back
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the support level.
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The shrinking volume on declines is of
paramount importance.
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It indicates that sellers are becoming
scarce. The pressure is lifting.
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It shows that the composite man has been
successful in mopping up the floating
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supply, and there is little stock left
to be had at these low prices.
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Conversely, if volume expands on
reactions and shrinks on rallies, it
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that supply is still present and is
coming to market on every advance, a
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indication.
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Another critical test is the nature of
the support.
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During a successful accumulation, the
low points of the reactions within the
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trading range will tend to become higher
over time.
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For example, after an initial low at
$50, the stock might rally, then react
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to $50 .50, then rally again and react
only to $51.
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This pattern of higher supports or
higher lows is a powerful bullish
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indicates that the buyers are becoming
more aggressive.
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They are no longer willing to wait for
the price to return to the absolute
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bottom of the range to acquire shares.
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They are raising their bids, a clear
sign of their eagerness to accumulate
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stock.
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This subtle but persistent lifting of
the supporting points shows that demand
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overpowering supply within the trading
range itself, long before any breakout
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occurs.
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This is one of the more reliable signs
that the stock is being prepared for a
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significant markup.
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The Wyckoff analyst meticulously charts
these movements, drawing trend lines
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along the rising bottoms to visualize
the changing character of the market.
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stock is building a solid foundation, a
launchpad for its future ascent.
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The opposite, a pattern of lower tops on
rallies within the range, would be a
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bearish indication, showing that sellers
are becoming more aggressive and are
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00:10:08,630 --> 00:10:12,710
willing to accept lower prices to
distribute their stock. It is during
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00:10:12,710 --> 00:10:17,330
extended period of sideways movement
that the composite man often employs his
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00:10:17,330 --> 00:10:20,430
most skillful and deceptive maneuvers to
complete his accumulation.
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The most famous of these is the spring
or shake -out.
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A spring is a sharp and often brief
price movement below the established
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level of the trading range.
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Its purpose is threefold.
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First, it is designed to mislead the
public and the uninformed chart
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The break below a clear support line is
almost universally interpreted as a sign
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of renewed weakness, prompting many to
sell their long positions or even
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initiate new short sales.
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Second, It allows the composite man to
hunt for stop -loss orders, which are
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typically clustered just below the
support level.
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By driving the price down just far
enough to trigger these stops, he can
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other traders out of their positions and
acquire their shares at artificially
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00:11:08,240 --> 00:11:09,240
low prices.
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00:11:10,020 --> 00:11:14,120
Third, it serves as a final definitive
test of supply.
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00:11:15,140 --> 00:11:19,440
If there is still a significant amount
of stock left to be sold by weak hands,
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the break below support will trigger a
cascade of selling, and the price will
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00:11:24,570 --> 00:11:25,570
continue to decline.
170
00:11:26,590 --> 00:11:30,850
However, if the accumulation has been
successful and the floating supply is
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00:11:30,850 --> 00:11:34,910
scarce, the break below support will not
be met with significant follow -through
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selling.
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00:11:36,230 --> 00:11:39,490
Volume on the break may be high, but it
will quickly diminish.
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00:11:40,390 --> 00:11:44,490
The key to identifying a maneuver as a
true spring is the price action that
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00:11:44,490 --> 00:11:45,790
immediately follows the break.
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00:11:46,800 --> 00:11:51,380
A genuine spring is characterized by a
rapid recovery, where the price quickly
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reverses and climbs back into the
trading range.
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It does not linger in the low ground.
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This quick reversal on low volume is one
of the most powerful buying signals in
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00:12:02,800 --> 00:12:03,800
the Wyckoff methodology.
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00:12:04,900 --> 00:12:09,560
It is a sign that the last of the
sellers have been shaken out, the track
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clear of supply, and the stock is on the
springboard ready for an advance.
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00:12:14,170 --> 00:12:18,170
The accumulation of all these insights
requires patience, diligence, and a
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commitment to the process of learning.
185
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The principles laid out by Wyckoff are
not shortcuts, but a complete method for
186
00:12:25,350 --> 00:12:26,350
logical deduction.
187
00:12:26,870 --> 00:12:32,290
It is the work of a financial detective,
piecing together clues from the tape to
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form a coherent picture of the market's
true state.
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And it is at this point in our journey
together, as we move from the
190
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foundational principles to the more
nuanced applications,
191
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that it seems appropriate to pause and
reflect.
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The work of analyzing these charts, of
training one's mind to see the subtle
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00:12:51,400 --> 00:12:54,020
story of supply and demand, is
demanding.
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If you find this detailed logical
approach to the market to be of value,
195
00:12:59,980 --> 00:13:03,860
begins to illuminate a path away from
the guesswork and emotional trading that
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00:13:03,860 --> 00:13:07,960
plagues so many, then I would ask you to
consider taking a moment to support
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00:13:07,960 --> 00:13:08,960
this channel.
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00:13:09,840 --> 00:13:13,440
Please take a second to like this video
and subscribe for more in -depth
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00:13:13,440 --> 00:13:18,580
analysis based on these timeless
principles More importantly leave a
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00:13:18,580 --> 00:13:24,740
below Your feedback is invaluable It
helps this educational content reach a
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00:13:24,740 --> 00:13:28,860
wider audience of aspiring traders and
investors who are searching for a sound
202
00:13:28,860 --> 00:13:34,300
methodology It also provides profound
encouragement Letting me know that this
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work this endeavor to share the science
of the market is not in vain
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00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:45,100
Your engagement truly helps build a
community dedicated to the principles of
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intelligent speculation.
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Now, returning to our analysis, after a
successful spring or after a final
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period of testing near the bottom of the
trading range, the composite man has
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completed his accumulation.
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The stock is now in a technically strong
position, held by informed interests
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who will not be easily shaken out. The
path of least resistance is now upward.
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The final confirmation that the markup
phase is beginning is an event Wyckoff
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colorfully named the jump across the
creek, JAC.
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The creek is the line of resistance that
forms the upper boundary of the trading
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range. A jump across the creek is a
decisive, powerful move by the price out
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and above this resistance line.
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This is not a timid or hesitant move.
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A genuine JAC is characterized by a
notable expansion in price spread and a
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significant increase in volume.
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This shows that demand is now fully in
control and is strong enough to absorb
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any remaining supply that might appear
from traders who had previously sold at
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those levels.
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This is the moment when the stock breaks
free from its preparatory phase and
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begins its public advance.
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The tape reader, who has patiently
watched the entire accumulation process
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unfold, is now given his clearest signal
to act, while buying during a spring
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offers the greatest potential reward.
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It also carries the risk of
misinterpreting the move.
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The jump across the creek, however, is a
confirmatory signal.
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It is the market's announcement that the
period of quiet preparation is over and
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the public markup is underway.
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Often, after this initial jump, there is
a small pullback or sideways movement
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which Wyckoff called the back -up -to
-the -edge -of -the -creek, BU.
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This is a final, smaller test of supply
before the main advance gets underway.
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This pullback should occur on diminished
volume, once again confirming that
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supply has been exhausted.
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This last point of support offers a
final, excellent opportunity to initiate
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add to a long position with a clearly
defined stop -loss point just below the
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newly established support.
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In summary, recognizing demand and
predicting an uptrend according to the
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Wyckoff method is not a matter of
finding a single magic indicator.
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It is the work of a financial detective.
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a process of observing a logical
sequence of events and weighing the
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00:16:11,950 --> 00:16:12,950
it appears on the chart.
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It begins with identifying the cessation
of a downtrend through preliminary
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support and a selling climax.
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It continues with a careful analysis of
the subsequent trading range, looking
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for the telltale signs of accumulation,
diminishing volume on reactions, the
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00:16:32,170 --> 00:16:33,410
appearance of higher supports,
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00:16:34,170 --> 00:16:38,890
and the telltale manipulative shakeouts
or springs designed to remove the last
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00:16:38,890 --> 00:16:39,890
of the weak holders.
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Finally, it requires the patients to
wait for a definitive confirmation, the
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00:16:45,110 --> 00:16:49,190
jump across the creek, which signals
that the stock is ready to begin its
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advance.
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Each phase provides clues, and the
weight of the evidence, gathered over
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or months, builds a logical case.
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This is how the Wyckoff student learns
to anticipate major uptrends.
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He does not guess or gamble.
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He observes the evidence of a campaign
being conducted by the market's most
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00:17:10,440 --> 00:17:11,440
informed players.
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And when the time is right, he places
his capital in harmony with the force of
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their demand.
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He learns to buy not with the crowd at
the top, but with the composite man in
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the quiet moments of preparation at the
bottom.
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While this video provides the essential
framework for understanding the
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00:17:28,580 --> 00:17:29,580
principles of accumulation,
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00:17:30,730 --> 00:17:34,890
The detailed examples and the personal
narrative that solidified these concepts
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00:17:34,890 --> 00:17:36,750
in Wyckoff's own mind are timeless.
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00:17:37,710 --> 00:17:41,890
He meticulously documented his own
journey, his mistakes, and his triumphs
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00:17:41,890 --> 00:17:42,890
his writings.
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00:17:43,170 --> 00:17:47,310
For those who wish to truly master the
lessons we discuss, to see them applied
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00:17:47,310 --> 00:17:51,970
through the eyes of the man who
developed them, a new, unique edition of
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00:17:51,970 --> 00:17:57,330
Wyckoff's masterpiece, How I Trade and
Invest in Stocks and Bonds, has been
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00:17:57,330 --> 00:17:59,070
carefully prepared by Max Davidson.
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00:17:59,880 --> 00:18:04,280
This work has been thoughtfully adapted
for the modern trader, with clear
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00:18:04,280 --> 00:18:08,900
explanations and annotations that bridge
the gap between Wyckoff's era and
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00:18:08,900 --> 00:18:09,900
today's markets.
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00:18:10,780 --> 00:18:12,660
It is not just a reprint.
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00:18:13,300 --> 00:18:15,520
It is a vital educational tool.
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00:18:16,620 --> 00:18:20,800
For anyone serious about making the
Wyckoff method a core part of their own
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00:18:20,800 --> 00:18:26,180
trading, this adapted edition is an
indispensable resource for your library.
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00:18:27,660 --> 00:18:31,120
The link to this essential book can be
found in the description of this video.
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00:18:32,180 --> 00:18:36,160
The principles of recognizing demand are
not relics of a bygone era.
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00:18:36,980 --> 00:18:41,700
They are as relevant today as they were
a century ago, because they are not
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00:18:41,700 --> 00:18:46,360
based on technology or market fashion,
but on the one constant in all markets,
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00:18:46,580 --> 00:18:47,720
human psychology.
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00:18:48,720 --> 00:18:53,440
The dance of hope and fear, greed and
panic, which drives the buying and
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00:18:53,440 --> 00:18:55,140
of the public, remains unchanged.
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00:18:56,330 --> 00:19:00,710
and the logical, patient operations of
the composite man who uses these
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00:19:00,710 --> 00:19:03,130
to his advantage are just as prevalent.
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00:19:04,110 --> 00:19:08,730
By learning to read the chart through
the lens of the Wyckoff method, one
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00:19:08,730 --> 00:19:13,550
to see the market not as a series of
random price wiggles, but as a clear,
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00:19:13,650 --> 00:19:14,650
unfolding story.
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00:19:15,770 --> 00:19:21,390
It is the story of supply and demand, of
preparation and execution, of cause and
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00:19:21,390 --> 00:19:22,390
effect.
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00:19:23,110 --> 00:19:25,530
Mastering this story provides the
ultimate advantage.
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00:19:26,080 --> 00:19:30,580
an edge that comes not from secret
information, but from superior knowledge
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00:19:30,580 --> 00:19:33,780
a disciplined scientific approach to the
greatest game in the world.
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