All language subtitles for Hitlers.DNA.Blueprint.of.a.Dictator.S01E02.1080p.ALL4.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-RAWR_track3_[eng]

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Adolf Hitler's suicide shot
reverberates through history.

For 80 years, endless
documents have been analysed,

trying to understand this
most notorious of tyrants.

Someone who can order the
deaths of six million Jews...

..what kind of person is that?

Now science is unlocking
a new source of information.

Hitler wanted to
destroy all traces of himself,

but failed.

In the wreckage
of his Berlin bunker,

an American colonel cut out
a swatch of sofa material,

stained with Hitler's blood.

In 1945, it was just a war trophy...

He didn't think 80 years later,

people were going to
try to extract DNA off of it.

..but now it's a unique
historical document.

Tests have proved
it is Hitler's blood.

An exact match.

For the first time,

an international team
has sequenced his genome.

We've got Adolf Hitler's DNA.

They've already rewritten history.

The rumour that Hitler had
Jewish ancestors is not true.

We can actually put that
rumour about Jewish ancestry

to bed based on the DNA.

A strong association
with genes to do with

autism could explain
his all-or-nothing thinking.

And he actually belongs
to the top 1%.

Hitler's genome suggests
he may have been genetically

pre-disposed to psychopathic
behaviour.

When these findings emerged,
I was simply flabbergasted.

What other secrets can
his DNA now unlock

about his mental state...

Genetic evidence for Hitler having
psychiatric illness

is really important.

..about his delusions of grandeur...

Hitler felt that he
could control the planet.

..and about an entirely new insight
into his intimate relationships.

He was interested in women,
but only at a distance.

He's got deletion in
a gene strongly associated

with the development
of sexual organs.

On the 30th of January 1933,

Adolf Hitler became
Chancellor of Germany.

The Nazis called it
their seizure of power.

Goebbels straight away organised
this huge torchlight parade.

Hitler was basically a
nobody from a village in Austria

who had nothing to his name.

So how did he get so much
influence and power so quickly?

The average person
does not do that.

Hitler was far from average.

His passionate oratory
commanded huge crowds.

And the talkativeness
and the ability to speak so much,

and if you're very charismatic
and you have new ideas,

it attracts people to you.

He's accruing more
and more power to himself,

and at the same time
is the establishment of

the first concentration camps,

the intimidation and imprisonment
of political opponents.

They were beaten up in the
streets by the Nazi stormtroopers.

Hitler's rise to power is
characterised by a willingness

to use violence.

His greatest hatred
was reserved for the Jews.

And Hitler proves to
be completely ruthless.

Anti-Semitism becomes
German state policy.

And to understand an individual
who takes these ideas to an extreme,

to start designing the
so-called "final solution".

There were nine million
Jews living in Europe,

of whom six million died.

It's a killing machine
on a massive scale.

Hitler's obsessive nationalism

and use of extreme violence,
including murder,

are typical of
dictators past and present.

But Hitler was an untypical
dictator in one key area.

Mussolini was very
well known for his affairs

and relationships with women,

and kind of quite proud
of showing some of that off.

It was very common among
the Nazi leadership

to have mistresses
and many sexual relationships.

Hitler, on the other hand,

was determined to keep his personal
and private life absolutely secret.

Why were Hitler's
relationships with women so unusual?

For the first time,

scientists have sequenced his genome

and discovered
something extraordinary.

I have to say there
was a bit of a...

- SHE GASPS
- ..moment.

He's got a deletion in
a gene known as PROC2.

So PROC2 is found on
chromosome three,

and we've got
two chromosome three's.

He has a section on one
of his where there's a deletion,

a crucial letter,
and it's a nonsense deletion.

So if you've not got one working,

it can have a pretty
big impact on your health,

and we know that it's
strongly associated

with something known as
Kallmann's syndrome.

One of the big things
that Kallmann's is about...

..is about development
of sexual organs.

The DNA diagnosis
of Kallmann syndrome

reveals an entirely new source
of information

that raises questions about

Hitler's sexual development.

At Turku University in Finland,

this rare condition is a specialism
of Professor Jorma Toppari.

How would this have affected him?

Yeah, the typical
symptoms in 10% of the kids

with this kind of mutation
might have a small penis,

micropenis.

Much more common
feature would be that

the testes don't descend
normally to the scrotum.

The DNA reveals the
possible physical impact

of Kallmann syndrome.

So it seems a coincidence
that during World War II,

there was a British
propaganda song about his genitals.

MUSIC PLAYS

In the Second World War,
there was a popular song in Britain.

People thought that that was
probably not really quite true.

# Hitler has only got one ball!#

The song was clearly
intended to belittle Hitler,

but did it contain a grain of truth?

Pretty much everybody
knows there's this song from

World War II where it talks
about Hitler having only one ball.

What's the historical evidence?

It turns out that this
is more or less true.

In 1923,

Hitler spent nine months
in Landsberg prison,

and in 2010, a medical
report was discovered

showing that Hitler
had right-sided cryptorchidism,

in other words,
an undescended testicle.

So there's some truth in this rumour
that was already being circulated

during the war.

Yeah, and now we
have genetic evidence

which seems to back that up.

Hitler's PROC2 mutation
indicates that as well as

an undescended testicle,

he may also have had a micropenis.

This diagnosis reflects testimony
from a friend of Hitler's

during his rise
to power in the 1920s.

When he was a young man in the army

and would get dressed and undressed
in front of his fellow soldiers,

the other men would
make fun and say to him,

"Your penis is smaller
than everybody else's."

And that is potentially more
psychologically traumatic

for a young boy, a young man,
than anything else.

This genetic condition would have
shaped Hitler throughout his life.

So, as a baby, he could already
be starting to show signs

of the implications of having this
deletion in that particular gene.

Yes, but that's it in the childhood.

Then the next time one would see
something wrong would be in puberty.

So talk me through that.
What happens?

Well, most of the ones

with Kallmann syndrome

don't enter puberty because
they don't produce testosterone.

Jorma, Hitler is heterozygous,

so he's got one copy of
the PROC2 gene that's normal,

one copy that's not.

But my understanding is
that even having just one copy

with his mutation, you will have
some form of Kallmann's.

- Is that correct?
- That's correct.

And the majority of the cases

with this mutation are heterozygous,

and it always causes the syndrome,

but the severity of the
syndrome can be very variable.

So how might
fluctuating testosterone levels

have affected Hitler?

His iconic moustache shows
he managed to enter puberty.

But did his testosterone
levels then falter?

A unique historical source might
shed light on this question.

Incredibly, despite his many
declamatory speeches on film,

Hitler's speaking voice
was recorded only once.

This is the place where
Hitler met Marshal Mannerheim,

the chief of Finnish military force
during the Second World War.

After recording
the official reception

and speeches aboard the train,

the Finnish sound
engineer kept recording

as Hitler chatted
casually over lunch.

So this is a picture
of that meeting.

Yes.

They have a nice
white cloth on the table,

though, which we don't have.

- Yeah.
- But it's the very same table,
and the microphones were up there.

Wow.

The only time we have recording

of Hitler speaking in
normal circumstances.

Should we have a listen?

- So that sounds like a
grown man's voice.
- Yeah.

So his voice is
quite...deep, really.

- It is, yeah.
- Yeah.

It shows that he had
gone through puberty

and he had his voice break.

He might have not had
the most severe condition

because the mutation was only
in one of the genes, not on both.

He's certainly born with
some kind of abnormalities

around his sexual organs,

so he may have had a micro penis.

We know he certainly
seems to have had something

with one of his testicles.

He might have not had sexual desire,

because that's the specific
symptom of lack of testosterone.

Although women were,
of course, so idolising him.

Bringing him flowers
and screaming and everything,

like a pop star,

but he doesn't seem
to take that as a hint

to anything else.

He's not interested in sex.

The Nazi philosophy emphasised

the importance of fertility,
of large families,

of lots of children,

creating a racially pure
German nation.

Hitler clearly goes
very much against this

in not having any kind of family,

in not have children,
in not being married.

Hitler quite effectively
cultivates the image

of a man devoted
entirely to the fatherland.

Our discovery strongly suggests

that it may have been
only a convenient cover

for his Kallmann syndrome.

Analysis of Hitler's
DNA shows he had

a rare condition called
Kallmann syndrome.

Symptoms include low testosterone

and abnormal genital development,

which may have brought
psychological challenges.

Back then, if a
boy was thought to be,

in any way, not fully masculine,

from a psychological point of view,

that could well
have had a big impact

upon his sense of masculinity,

his sense of identity,
and make one feel very,

very depressed, very, very
ashamed, and also desperate.

How would that have affected him,

growing up and into adulthood,
and his relationships with women?

He really, really did struggle
to feel comfortable with women,

and that in itself can
be an act of great shame.

And the earlier that
shaming exercise take place,

the more rage, fury,

and murderousness will
develop within one's psyche.

Hitler's friend
August Kubizek wrote in his memoir

about the teenage adult's
dysfunctional relationships.

Kubizek said he was with
Hitler daily from age 15 to 19.

And he clearly can
state that Hitler never had

a girlfriend during that time,

never had an ongoing
sexual relationship.

Kubizek describes
how Hitler had a crush

on a girl named Stephanie.

He never actually went out with her,

but he did have a couple
year-long infatuation with her.

Hitler fantasised about
kidnapping Stephanie

and them dying in
a melodramatic death pact.

"It's the first and last time

"I heard him seriously
speak of suicide.

"He would jump in the Danube
River and make an end of it.

"But Stephanie would
have to die with him.

"He insisted on that."

Many years later, in 1929,

there's a record of
an actual relationship.

It was far from a healthy romance.

He was 40,

she was just 21,
and she was his half niece.

Geli Raubal.

She was a young
and attractive woman.

Kind of liked attention,
she was quite flirtatious,

she had quite a lot of admirers.

Hitler was clearly infatuated,

obsessed with his
half-niece Geli Raubal

in a way that he wasn't obsessed
with any other woman in his life

before or after.

She felt trapped by
Hitler's attention.

Hitler was controlling.

Hitler was jealous.

He was quite manipulative of her.

Possibly there
was violence involved.

Lots of people think that
Hitler was having some kind

of sexual relationship
with this niece of his.

We do not know for certain.

Clearly, she was very unhappy.

Geli, after two years living
with her controlling uncle, Adolf,

made a tragic decision.

In 1931, Geli took her own life.

She used Hitler's pistol
and shot herself in his apartment.

The shadow of suicide often fell

over Hitler's
relationships with women.

One historian has
estimated that of the seven women

with whom Hitler had some kind
of boyfriend-girlfriend encounter,

at least three of these
women attempted suicide,

and another three
actually committed suicide.

Including his longest and most
famous relationship with Eva Braun.

After she met Hitler,

she endeavoured
to commit suicide not once,

but twice.

So whether he was already
attracted to people

with a passion for
self-harm and death,

or whether he actually
was so cruel to them

that he really caused the suicide,

that we do not know for certain.

Hitler's relationship with Eva
Braun was one that lasted 14 years.

He was attracted to her
from the very beginning.

He developed quite
a fascination with her,

but what really went on between
the two of them sexually,

we do not know.

Hitler's housekeeper
Herbert Doehring

and his wife
were close to the couple

and well-placed to discover

the truth of
their sexual activities.

No-one has ever
really been able to explain

why Hitler was so uncomfortable
around women throughout his life,

or why he probably never entered
into intimate relations with women.

But now we know that
he had Kallmann syndrome,

this could be the answer
we've been looking for.

The Kallmann diagnosis is
a new source of information,

filling gaps left by the existing
records about Hitler's health.

The medical notes made by the
Fuhrer's personal physician,

Dr Theodor Morell,

can now be examined
in a fresh light.

Morell was giving
Hitler all kinds of pills

and injections,
around 80 different medications,

over the course of the
time that he spent with him.

It's unlikely Dr Morell
knew about Kallmann syndrome,

as it wasn't identified until 1944.

But now Hitler's DNA has
revealed the PROC2 gene mutation,

one of Dr Morell's
treatments stands out -

testosterone.

This is an entry here
from Morell's diary.

It's the 24th of January,

and we can see here,

25 milligrams
of testosterone injected.

So we know that he was regularly
injecting Hitler with testosterone.

It's not that unusual that
testosterone was being used

at this time, because people
understood it could help energy,

it could help fatigue, for example,

as well as things like muscle mass

and really producing masculine
characteristics,

as it was branded and sold as,

also things like erectile
dysfunction, loss of libido.

Unfortunately,
Morell doesn't explain explicitly

in his notes why he's
giving Hitler testosterone,

but he's certainly receiving
it on a fairly regular basis.

In Kallmann's, the treatment
is actually sex hormone.

So Morell may have identified
some sort of sexual issue,

we don't know, but maybe
they were onto the right track.

Dr Morell unwittingly provides
more evidence that supports

the Kallmann diagnosis.

His own body odour.

Kallmann syndrome has
two principal features.

One is there is no sex
hormone production.

And the other one is
the lack of sense of smell.

Whilst Hitler trusted him entirely,

some of the other leading Nazis
took quite a strong dislike to him.

People were complaining
to Hitler about him.

They were even complaining
also that he was smelly,

to which Hitler responded,

"I employed Dr Morrell
not for his fragrance,

"but for his skills as a doctor."

The very fact that everyone
in Hitler's inner circle

seemed to have been irritated
by the smell of Dr Morell,

and Hitler did not,
would suggest that Hitler

might have not been able
to smell very well.

Which now in the light of
the diagnosis of Kallmann's,

is highly significant.

Hitler wanted to be seen
as a godlike figure,

the heroic leader
of a pure Aryan race.

But Kallmann syndrome now reveals

the truth about his own body.

Hitler knew nothing of the DNA clues
that would be left in his blood.

But the Nazis did
understand that disease

and disability could be
passed down the generations.

So we've known about
the heredity of characteristics

for literally thousands of years.

I mean, we know things like
the early farmers used it

as a way of kind
of selecting for crops

and selecting animals
and domesticating animals.

Selective breeding to improve
livestock is seen as a good thing.

Selective human breeding,

eugenics, is widely
condemned and illegal.

A central component
of Nazi ideology was eugenics,

that the health of the
nation could be improved

through selective breeding.

In his earliest days as dictator,

Hitler authorised forced
sterilisation of people

with mental and
physical disabilities

to stop them passing on what
he believed were impurities.

Eugenics and a determination
to ensure the purity

of the Aryan race was
an obsession that led to

the worst atrocities
of the Nazi regime.

In 1939, Hitler signed a decree

to eliminate people
he deemed unworthy of life

in a state-organised
programme of euthanasia.

This is Hartheim Castle,
near Hitler's hometown of Linz,

which was used as part of the
so-called "euthanasia programme"

to murder the mentally
and physically disabled.

It's the one killing
decree or the one order

to murder people
actually signed by Adolf Hitler.

The castle was a home for
disabled people beginning in 1898.

The Nazis changed the castle into

an annihilation
centre in March 1940,

and they murdered up
to 30,000 people here.

This was the former gas chamber.

It was disguised as a shower room.

About 30 people were
brought in at the same time,

and from outside, the doctors,

they filled in the carbon monoxide.

- It's hard to imagine...
- No.
- ..you
cannot imagine what took place here.

Hartheim formed a prototype
for the use of gas chambers

for the mass murder of
six million European Jews

in the extermination
camps set up by the Nazis.

Hitler's policies are
completely around eugenics,

and based on his own DNA,

particularly with
the Kallmann syndrome,

if he had been able
to look at his own DNA

as if it was somebody that
he was making a decision about,

whether or not to go to
the gas chambers or not,

he almost certainly
would have sent himself.

The castle archive
reveals that Hitler's policies

did send one of his
relatives to die at Hartheim,

his second cousin, Aloisia Veit.

She'd been confined for years in
a psychiatric facility in Vienna.

Her medical records state she
imagined she could see ghosts

and evil people.

Her vivid hallucinations
and delusional behaviour

often meant she
was restrained on a bed.

The diagnosis doctors gave
Hitler's cousin was schizophrenia.

HE SHOUTS IN GERMAN

This could have implications

for our understanding
of Hitler's mental state,

because schizophrenia
runs in families.

Ground-breaking
analysis of Hitler's DNA

is unlocking more secrets
of the infamous dictator.

You get a little glimpse into
his personality

by looking at his DNA.

What I'm doing in my
research is that I'm trying

to identify genetic risk factors
for psychiatric conditions.

We know that Hitler's
relative was diagnosed

with schizophrenia
and that it runs in families.

So what does Hitler's
polygenic score suggest

about his likelihood
of developing the condition?

You can see here the
distribution of the score

for schizophrenia in the population,

and you can see that
Hitler is located in

the very end of the distribution.

He has a very high
polygenic score for schizophrenia.

Actually, he belongs to the top 1%.

Top 1?%

- Yeah, it's high.
- Wow.

But what does it actually mean
when somebody's in that top 1%

in terms of how likely they
are to develop the condition?

It's very difficult
to say from the score,

because it's only capturing
a small part of the risk.

But he is highly loaded with common
variants that increases the risk.

The latest DNA result reveals Hitler

had an increased risk
of developing schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a very
challenging mental illness

where the person experiences
hallucinations and delusions.

It often means that your
everyday life falls to pieces.

Hitler would not be diagnosed
with schizophrenia today,

as he did not show these
serious debilitating symptoms.

In acute schizophrenia,

there's a total
fragmentation of the personality.

And so a person in
that state has no ability

to lead a country,
no ability to wage war.

If he had full-blown schizophrenia,

he couldn't have
achieved what he achieved.

Hitler may not have
had schizophrenia,

but his DNA analysis reveals
a range of genes associated with it.

When we look at physical
health conditions,

sometimes we can find
a single gene that is the cause.

But when it comes to psychiatric

and neurodevelopmental conditions,

it's very rarely the case
that there's a single gene.

There are hundreds of genes
that are likely to be involved.

Recent international studies

show that some of
these schizophrenia genes

may actually have positive effects.

Research found relatives
of people with schizophrenia

are often extremely creative.

In families that have schizophrenia,

you often find that
there's a genius.

These genes may have
given him the creative,

unconventional thinking
that drove his early success.

At the Berghof,
his mountain retreat in Bavaria,

Hitler conceived his
plans for Nazi domination.

It is from the picture-perfect
world of the Bavarian Alps

that he starts the war,

that he conducts the war,

that he brings death and
destruction across the world.

Hitler's plans at the start of the
war were spectacularly successful.

Poland quickly fell,
Denmark and Norway followed.

His armies swept through Belgium,

the Netherlands and part of France,

then Yugoslavia and Greece.

Some historians have
put Hitler's success

down to his unconventional thinking.

In May 1940, when most
of Hitler's generals

wanted to invade
France from the north,

Hitler insisted on
attacking further south

through the difficult
wooded terrain of the Ardennes.

This plan proved to be
a brilliant and decisive success.

The French army collapsed.

It was all over within six weeks,
just as Hitler had predicted.

Hitler's DNA is
suggesting new explanations

for his behaviour.

Schizophrenic traits involve
unconventional creativity.

Autistic traits
include attention to detail.

ADHD can add hyperfocus.

He also often had a manic energy
in pursuit of a goal or idea.

He was a man who became obsessed

by the things that interested him.

And he would focus on these things

to the exclusion
of everything else in his life.

Sleep, hunger,
relationships, everything.

Hitler's doctor
noted this behaviour.

Theodor Morell diagnosed
Hitler in his diaries

with manic-depressive
illness in 1943.

His own physician diagnosed
him during his lifetime

with this condition.

If the latest
DNA analysis detects genes

for manic depression,
now called bipolar disorder,

it could transform
our view of Hitler.

We're also looking at the
score for bipolar disorder.

And if you look here
again at the distribution,

you can see that Hitler
is loaded really at the top.

So he has a very high, high score.

Actually, he belongs to the top 1%

of individuals
with the highest score.

Another 1?%

Yeah, really,
really striking results.

Bipolar really means that
your mood swings from very low

when you're depressed

through to very high
when you are manic.

So it's sometimes also
called manic depression.

Hitler had manic
and depressive periods

throughout the 1930s and 1940s.

Hitler would be highly excitable,
highly talkative,

very overactive for a few weeks,

and then times when
he would be underactive,

not get out of bed,
not say anything,

not eat anything for a few weeks,

and back and forth
between these states.

If we look back at Hitler's youth,

in the diaries of his
teenage friend, Kubizek,

before politics, before power,
the signs are already there.

Kubizek describes him
being in a state of ecstasy,

and talking, and talking,
and talking in a grandiose way.

And the talkativeness

and the ability to speak
so much is a manic trait.

That doesn't happen in a normal,
mentally healthy person.

Hitler's manic phases may
have aided his rise to power...

..and fuelled his early
success in directing the war.

But then, he seemed to
lose touch with reality.

Hitler made a very bold
and surprising decision,

to invade Russia.

This time...

..his plans led to disaster.

In this kind of moment of euphoria,

Hitler starts to fantasise

what the world would look like after
the defeat of the Soviet Union.

Hitler, against the explicit advice

of his officers,
thought that he knew best.

This was a much bigger enemy

with much bigger manpower resources.

And it was also a much
bigger terrain and territory.

Hitler's attack on Stalingrad

leads to over half a
million German casualties.

His Sixth Army,
which had played a key role

in the devastating assault
on France, is destroyed.

After crushing defeats in Russia,

Hitler's mood swings
grew more severe.

He was no longer the energetic,
highly active,

excitable, but very
functional and often very calm,

charismatic, creative leader
of the early 1930s.

He was becoming more and more angry,
and irritable, and rageful.

Hitler increasingly resorts

to haranguing those around him,
dictating to them,

flying off the handle.

It became virtually impossible

for these military advisers
to tell him the truth,

to disagree with him if they
didn't want to incur his wrath.

As Hitler's mood swings
and rages grew worse,

his personal physician,

Dr Theodor Morell,
tried to treat him.

What he tried to do was to treat
the lows with the amphetamines

and the highs with barbiturates.

And, of course, there's only
so far you can get with that.

So Hitler generally got worse.

Morrell gave Hitler
vitamultin tablets,

a mixture he made up himself
that dramatically altered

the Fuhrer's moods.

Morell gave Hitler
gold foil tablets,

and that tablet was once analysed
by another German physician

in the Nazi hierarchy,

and it turned out
to be methamphetamine.

The worst possibility
to give to a person

with bipolar would be amphetamines.

So Dr Morell was treating Hitler's
depression with the amphetamines,

but what he didn't appreciate
is that they were also causing

the manic states to be worse,

and then he would cycle back
into his depressions again.

So then he just get
more and more amphetamine,

and it became a vicious circle.

He certainly was not
in touch with reality.

On the 6th of June 1944,

Hitler was at his mountain hideaway,
the Berghof.

After talking into the early hours,

he finally went to bed at 3am.

One hour later,

news came in of a
vast Allied invasion

on the beaches of northern France.

It was D-Day.

The generals were in a quandary.

They just didn't know what to do.

They couldn't actually give out
any orders without Hitler's say-so

on the one hand,
and yet on the other hand,

they were fearful of a terrible
fit of rage if they woke Hitler up.

The landing of Allied
troops in Normandy

began the recapture
of Europe from the Nazis.

As Germany's enemies invaded,
vital hours were wasted.

When Hitler woke at 10am,

he was unconcerned, even optimistic.

He would kind of delusionally seemed
to think that Germany would prevail.

When D-Day started, there
was this moment of elation,

of almost euphoria
in German population

because of successful propaganda.

Germans thought, finally,

we can still win this war.

But this is, of course,
all based on Hitler's delusions,

on Hitler's
self-belief and grandeur.

In reality, it was
the beginning of the end.

In January 1945,

France was being liberated

and the Soviets were sweeping
through Eastern Europe.

As Germany's fortunes declined,

Hitler's mental and
physical state deteriorated rapidly.

Hitler fled to Berlin,
into an underground bunker,

to avoid the Russian bombardment.

The Fuhrer was chauffeured through
the bombed out ruins of his capital

in an armoured limousine.

And now we're getting
ever closer to the bunker

and to the heart of
what was then Hitler's Berlin.

What's it like at that point?

Hitler would have
been driving through

a devastated Berlin,

and he's travelling
from the, more or less,

the western
outskirts into the centre,

can't really fail to notice
how devastated Berlin was.

A Berlin, which is, large chunks
of it is rubble, at this point?

Yes.

Given that Germany
is being destroyed,

he knows it's over.

The sun is setting
on the Third Reich.

The devastation of
Berlin matched Hitler's

own mental and physical decline.

This was clear to
staff in the bunker,

including his secretary,
Traudl Junge.

He looked like a shadow.

He looked emotionless
and very grey and pale

and like a broken old man.

His leg was lame,

and his movements were very slow.

He was not any more the
dictator and impressive,

fascinating man he was earlier.

Hitler was only 56 years old,

but staff also noticed further
evidence of his deterioration,

a trembling left hand,

possibly a sign
of Parkinson's disease.

For the majority of cases,

DNA analysis can't help
doctors diagnose Parkinson's.

Can we find clear evidence of
the condition from another source?

This last piece of
footage of Hitler,

it's from the final days of the war,

the final days of his life.

And this is the official version of

the footage that was shown in
the German newsreel at the time.

I think what strikes me about
this footage is not what we see,

but what we don't see.

What's really hidden in
this footage, is his left hand.

It's only when we see
the uncensored version

that we know
what's really happening.

And we do have the full footage,

which was not released to
the German public at the time.

So now we see this left
hand behind his back,

and there is this rest tremor,
it's a very coarse tremor.

The regime did not want the
German public to see this footage.

Because it shows us
for sure that this is

a neurodegenerative condition,

this is Parkinson's, and there's
no doubt about the diagnosis here.

Hitler, an unknown provincial loner,
tried to realise his dream

of a thousand year German Reich.

That fantasy was shattered.

By April 1945, Soviet guns
were trained on his bunker,

and shells were pounding above.

Terrified of being
captured by the Soviets,

Hitler planned his
and Eva Braun's suicide.

At the end,

even most of Hitler's inner
circle had abandoned him.

Hitler was losing
any sense of reality.

He continued directing the war,

holding meetings with his generals,

moving armies around the map.

In reality,
those armies had collapsed.

By this very late stage,

Hitler seemed to be
losing grip on reality.

He was determined to keep
fighting to the bitter end,

and it was very,
very late in the day,

maybe just like one
week before the very end,

that he finally
acknowledged that he was beaten.

Hitler's mindset,

Hitler's personality was such that
there could only be death

by that point.

It is just unimaginable
that Hitler would have wanted

to sit things out.

It is absolutely clear that

Hitler would rather
die than live beyond

the moment where he
could still control things.

Hitler maintained absolute
control over his suicide

and left detailed instructions
with his valet, Heinz Linge.

He gave me the
order five days before

to get gasoline

to burn the bodies.

He actually marries
the previous day.

He marries his long-term
companion, Eva Braun.

In the early hours of the morning,

there's a little
wedding celebration.

There are guests.
There are drinks.

The following day,
around 3.30 in the afternoon,

Eva Braun takes cyanide and Hitler
shoots himself with his pistol.

Hitler tried to destroy
every trace of himself,

to preserve his godlike image,
but failed.

Something crucial survived
to reveal his secrets.

His DNA.

There have been attempts for
a long time to obtain DNA

to analyse it.

It is remarkable that,
finally, it has been achieved.

The DNA analysis is
a new source of evidence,

revealing conditions likely

to have shaped Hitler's
thinking and changed history.

The genetic findings from the blood,
they are absolutely extraordinary.

I just cannot
believe how well they fit

with everything that
I know about psychiatry.

Some historians are very motivated

to believe that if Hitler
has a psychiatric illness,

that in some way,
he can't be blamed

for the evil things that
happened when he was the leader.

You're responsible for it whether
you have a mental illness or not.

We may never fully
understand Adolf Hitler,

but analysing his DNA has
brought us closer than ever before.

There's no doubt in my mind
that these findings will change

the way we think about
Hitler in many ways

and also add a new layer
of understanding of him.

I mean, people are fascinated
by Hitler and by his mind,

maybe just to try and
make sense of the incomprehensible,

because someone who can order
the deaths of six million Jews,

you know, what kind
of person is that?

Our behaviour is a complex
mix of genes and environment,

and looking at anything
that could give us answers

becomes part of the picture.

We had these kind of
tantalising clues about Hitler,

but now we've got some genetic
information that backs that up.

DNA can be likened to another text,

helping to solve historical
mysteries.

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