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1
00:00:09,930 --> 00:00:11,370
This is London Court.
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Here is a news flash.
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The German radio has just announced that
Hitler is dead.
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00:00:19,650 --> 00:00:20,850
I'll repeat that.
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00:00:21,110 --> 00:00:26,110
The German radio has just announced that
Hitler is dead.
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00:00:29,230 --> 00:00:30,230
Adolf Hitler.
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00:00:33,450 --> 00:00:37,010
Today, we know him as the embodiment of
evil.
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guilty of the worst crimes known to
humanity.
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But it didn't start out like this.
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00:00:48,880 --> 00:00:55,180
There was a time when people worshipped
him, went to war for him,
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00:00:55,600 --> 00:00:58,460
and were willing to die for him.
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00:01:00,900 --> 00:01:04,780
Now, with populist leaders thriving once
again,
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00:01:06,760 --> 00:01:09,320
We're looking at Hitler from a different
perspective.
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00:01:11,800 --> 00:01:16,740
Through his friends, his admirers, his
enablers.
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00:01:18,100 --> 00:01:21,720
Only then can we learn the lessons from
history.
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00:01:25,420 --> 00:01:29,820
So we've unearthed interviews with the
people who knew him best.
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From a former classmate.
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To those who were by his side when he
tried to conquer the world. Okay,
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running.
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Most are Nazis.
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Some complicit in war crimes.
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Few can be trusted.
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I do not want to excuse myself. I just
want to... An old man has no other
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interest but the truth, the historical
truth.
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00:02:01,580 --> 00:02:07,500
But when we see Adolf Hitler through
their eyes, perhaps we can grasp who he
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and what made him possible.
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First time I called on him, it was in
the morning.
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I walked through this very cold entrance
hall, a winding staircase, and then
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somebody opened the door.
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Then I came into this little room. It
was very, very narrow, incredibly
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Just enough to put a wall and pretend
it's a room.
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And there you saw him.
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This is the voice of Putzi Hamstengel, a
wealthy businessman and a major player
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in the rise of Adolf Hitler.
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Their first encounter comes soon after
Hitler has become leader of the far
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-right party, the Nazis.
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There are now very few people alive who
knew him intimately, but there is one
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such person who, night after night
across many years, played Wagnerian
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Hitler in his flat.
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Now, tell me, Dr. Hamsteingl, what first
attracted you to Hitler?
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00:03:50,420 --> 00:03:56,640
When I heard this man for the first time
in a very noisy meeting,
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I, in his trench coat and with the
entire perfume of a...
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The past struggle in him, in his
language, in his gestures. I absolutely
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myself irresistibly drawn to him.
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The trouble was, Germany has never been
known for its orators. And Hitler
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was the superbest man to address hungry
crowds.
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He crushed any man with his voice. He
had a wonderful resonance up here.
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And that will never be repeated in 10
,000 years.
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After defeat in the First World War,
Germany is at rock bottom.
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Hitler calls for a national renewal.
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Putzi and his wife Helena are impressed
by his charisma and conviction.
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They throw open their doors to him.
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This is the very room where Hitler came
to visit you many times, I believe.
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Yeah, surely.
55
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Believe me.
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It's very often that I think he's still
in the room. Who else did he sit?
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Usually at the opposite of the fire.
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He came practically every day, and the
house still had this huge studio,
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which he loved.
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Anything that was big in which he could
pull, of course, back and forth and back
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and forth and popping and popping.
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He was absolutely convinced about
himself.
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He couldn't stand anybody who wanted to
talk, and he was the one who talked. You
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have to listen to this.
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In Booker's book, he claims that Hitler
was a mother to him. What do you think
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of that?
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Well, I should say, in a way, he was.
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In the way he was.
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I mean, as far as he was able to be in
love with anyone, maybe I was one of the
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ones that perhaps he was in love with.
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He had a great habit of sort of opening
these big blue eyes, which he had. He
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had big blue eyes, and he used them. And
then he would have a tortuous, austere
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way of hand -kissing and so on.
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He could lay it on.
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Oh, he could lay it on. He really could.
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And I remember I was sitting on the sofa
and he sank to his knees and put his
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head in my lap and said, I only have
someone to look after me.
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And I said, well, I don't find a lovely
wife and marry and so on. I can never
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00:07:02,300 --> 00:07:06,040
marry because my life is dedicated to my
country.
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By 1923, the Nazis were still a minor
party, one of many.
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But Hitler dreams of turning it into a
national force.
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Putzi, who's been to college in America,
provides inspiration from an unlikely
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source.
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One of the things Hitler learned from
you, I believe, or you told him about...
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The cheerleaders at Harvard. Oh, yeah.
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This is an essential thing to get the
audience to underline your
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propaganda.
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Harvard,
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Harvard, Harvard.
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And so it became... He was impressed.
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Oh, yeah.
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One evening, I played this here for a
change to Hitler.
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The line of crimson.
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Ah, you can't prevail.
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See, cheers for power and love.
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The line of crimson. At that
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moment, Hitler jumped up and said,
Hamsting, das brauchen wir. That's what
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need for March.
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Now with its rousing anthem and a bold
Nazi banner, disillusioned young men
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flocked to the military wing of the
party, the stormtroopers.
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00:09:23,510 --> 00:09:29,070
Like many Germans, Hitler has been
radicalized by defeat in the First World
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He had spent four and a half years as a
frontline soldier and had been shattered
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by news of Germany's surrender.
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00:09:38,350 --> 00:09:42,970
Elizabeth Pott is one of a handful of
friends who knew Hitler before the war.
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She remembers the effect it had on him.
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00:09:47,340 --> 00:09:50,140
Did you personally see Adolf Hitler
after the war?
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00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:52,320
Yes, yes.
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Did he change?
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Yes, he changed.
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Externally, of course, very much.
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But he is still... How should I
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express myself?
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It's not sad, but...
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I also spoke a little with him
sometimes, right?
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About the end of the war, the loss, that
made him tremble.
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Bad. He didn't want to believe that so
many Germans were so brave, right?
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And that made him harder.
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It made him harder.
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Bitter too?
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Hitler's bitterness has been stirred up
by a popular conspiracy theory.
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The war wasn't lost in battle.
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Left wing politicians and Jews were to
blame for the surrender and the
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humiliating peace agreement that
followed.
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00:11:11,980 --> 00:11:14,280
Hitler vows to avenge this betrayal.
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And you often heard him ranting about
Judaism.
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Oh, yeah.
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Absolutely.
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This wasn't just a political thing. It
was something personal.
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It began as personal, and then he built
it up. Yes.
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In November 1923, Hitler, Puzzi and the
Nazis try to overthrow the left -wing
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government.
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They stage an insurrection in a Munich
beer hall.
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Violence breaks out.
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00:11:57,510 --> 00:11:59,230
The revolt is put down.
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But Hitler is now a wanted man.
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On the day of the Putsch, when it was
all over, And a disastrous failure.
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Hitler fled to your house?
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Yes, without telling me a word about it.
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Why did he come to you?
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The magnetic influence of...
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Your what?
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Female beauty.
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He was injured, was he not?
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00:12:32,360 --> 00:12:35,620
Yes, he had a hanging shoulder.
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This collarbone was broken.
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But when the police surrounded the whole
house, and the game
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was up, and out comes the revolver, and
he said, Oh, I'll be damned if I
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surrender. I'll make a end. And he had
this revolver, and my wife, knowing the
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jiu -jitsu, I'll show you what to do.
You have the revolver, and
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she looks up in the sky.
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That is the crypt.
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See, that's the wage standard.
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I would like a few more details, if I
could, on the suicide in your house.
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I just went up and took it away from him
without any trouble at all. He didn't
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struggle. I shouted at him. I said, what
do you think you're doing after all
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your idea of saving the country and you
take your life and leave all your
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workers behind?
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They're looking for you, too.
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I would like to make a straight, direct
question
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to you, Mr.
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Hanfstengel. You, or your wife, were the
means of saving Hitler's life.
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I get the impression that you're proud
of that. But as, from our point of view,
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you can imagine it would be a very good
thing if Hitler had died.
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To be sure, at the time, I felt I
wouldn't have done it if I hadn't felt I
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saving Germany. I tried to save the man
who appeared to me as the one saviour.
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The Hitler that Puzzi and Helena recall
is given to self -pity and melodrama.
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But he also has a dream.
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And they love him for it.
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To understand the appeal of Adolf
Hitler, we are seeking out his friends.
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This is one of them, filmed after the
Second World War, undergoing a
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denazification programme.
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Winifred Wagner was the daughter -in
-law of the famous German composer
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Wagner, and was once one of Hitler's
closest confidants.
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For decades, she refused to speak
publicly.
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But one day, in 1975, she finally breaks
her silence.
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Winifred Wagner, page 1.
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I mean,
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we old National Socialists invented a
new cover name after the war, because
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couldn't talk about him in public, and
if you wanted to talk about him, then we
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called him USA.
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That means in German, unser seliger
Adolf.
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Die haben mich benarscht behalten da bei
der Spruchkammerverhandlung, dass ich
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eben Hitler und Politik nicht
gleichsetzte. Das kam eben für uns
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in Frage.
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Es war eine rein menschliche,
persönliche und vertrauliche Bindung
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zwischen uns, die auf der Grundlage der
Verehrung und der Liebe zu Richard
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Wagner beruhte.
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Winifred first meets Hitler in 1923.
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He was just the
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What can I say?
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On the one hand, of course, he was a
fascinating and interesting person.
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He told us, that was not him, absolutely
not.
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Hitler's charm is working for him.
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And it's about to pay dividends.
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00:18:33,840 --> 00:18:38,460
In 1924, Hitler stands trial for his
violent insurrection.
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He delivers a rambling four -hour
monologue from the witness stand.
197
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But his supporters hang on every word.
198
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He was the victor over the judges, oh
man.
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He just wiped that floor with an hour.
The whole bunch.
200
00:18:56,540 --> 00:19:00,600
By force of argument or force of... By
force of argument and personality of
201
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spark over paprika and all that.
202
00:19:04,860 --> 00:19:08,960
Hitler's stand against the establishment
makes him a household name.
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00:19:15,920 --> 00:19:21,580
The judge, a Nazi sympathiser, hands him
the minimum possible sentence.
204
00:19:22,880 --> 00:19:25,240
He'll spend just nine months in jail.
205
00:19:26,420 --> 00:19:31,820
Far from finishing him, Hitler's legal
woes have elevated him in the eyes of
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00:19:31,820 --> 00:19:32,820
followers.
207
00:19:34,820 --> 00:19:39,220
Nazi party member Ilse Hess is a regular
prison visitor.
208
00:19:45,830 --> 00:19:47,370
What can you remember of the prison?
209
00:19:47,710 --> 00:19:54,150
In Landsberggarden, there's a little
house, and that is called the Festung.
210
00:19:54,150 --> 00:19:57,590
were political prisoners.
211
00:19:57,910 --> 00:20:04,810
They were allowed visitors every day,
and I always went on Saturday, and
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00:20:04,810 --> 00:20:07,190
I had nearly two or three hours.
213
00:20:08,270 --> 00:20:10,630
Hitler enjoyed my coming up.
214
00:20:13,910 --> 00:20:15,250
You know this?
215
00:20:15,550 --> 00:20:20,210
Famous picture of Hitler in the festival
in Landsberg. It was me.
216
00:20:22,130 --> 00:20:27,630
Photos smuggled out of prison keep
Hitler in the public eye while Winifred
217
00:20:27,630 --> 00:20:29,110
Wagner rallies round.
218
00:21:04,960 --> 00:21:09,920
Hitler's book Mein Kampf is his vision
for creating the perfect Germany.
219
00:21:10,650 --> 00:21:13,690
and it's packed with extremist and
racist views.
220
00:21:17,330 --> 00:21:20,910
One idea is to sterilize the mentally
ill.
221
00:21:21,490 --> 00:21:25,850
Another, to eliminate so -called
inferior races.
222
00:21:26,490 --> 00:21:29,070
His main target, Jews.
223
00:21:31,650 --> 00:21:36,970
Hitler's followers go along with it,
while his propaganda team, including
224
00:21:36,970 --> 00:21:38,770
journalist Joseph Goebbels,
225
00:21:39,720 --> 00:21:40,720
read the word.
226
00:21:50,580 --> 00:21:54,760
Working in Hitler's publicity department
is Hermann Esser.
227
00:22:32,719 --> 00:22:38,060
In these early days, friends claimed to
remember a collaborative Hitler.
228
00:22:41,290 --> 00:22:44,390
But he sees himself as a man of destiny.
229
00:22:57,630 --> 00:23:03,830
Did you take it seriously?
230
00:23:04,570 --> 00:23:07,230
When he said that, you believed him?
231
00:23:07,670 --> 00:23:08,690
Yes, we believed him.
232
00:23:09,230 --> 00:23:11,230
Absolutely. He must have been most
convincing.
233
00:23:11,450 --> 00:23:12,770
Yes, there was something special.
234
00:23:14,130 --> 00:23:14,770
Hitler
235
00:23:14,770 --> 00:23:31,130
knows
236
00:23:31,130 --> 00:23:35,610
that children make the easiest converts
and the most loyal followers.
237
00:23:38,090 --> 00:23:43,830
Joining the Hitler Youth in 1925 is
teenager Baldur von Schirach.
238
00:23:45,370 --> 00:23:51,530
Later, he'll go on to lead the
organisation, overseeing the
239
00:23:51,530 --> 00:23:52,710
millions of Germans.
240
00:24:04,880 --> 00:24:10,140
This is von Schirach being released from
prison after serving 20 years for
241
00:24:10,140 --> 00:24:11,320
crimes against humanity.
242
00:24:12,360 --> 00:24:15,900
No one
243
00:24:15,900 --> 00:24:22,460
knew better than him
244
00:24:22,460 --> 00:24:25,480
where the seductive powers of the Fuhrer
could lead.
245
00:24:28,580 --> 00:24:32,720
Alder von Schirach, leader of the Hitler
Youth, found a member of the inner
246
00:24:32,720 --> 00:24:33,880
court of Adolf Hitler.
247
00:24:34,430 --> 00:24:39,390
is alive and well and living here in
secluded estate in southwestern Germany.
248
00:24:39,650 --> 00:24:45,070
And tonight, for the first time, he
talks fully about the years with Hitler
249
00:24:45,070 --> 00:24:46,690
led to that sentence.
250
00:24:47,970 --> 00:24:53,030
Herr von Schirach, I want to start by
talking, if we can, about Adolf Hitler
251
00:24:53,030 --> 00:24:58,330
a man, in the sense that when you first
met him, for instance, what were the
252
00:24:58,330 --> 00:25:03,550
qualities he had that immediately
impressed themselves upon you?
253
00:25:04,030 --> 00:25:05,170
I met him in the opera.
254
00:25:06,190 --> 00:25:12,910
And my father, who once directed the
255
00:25:12,910 --> 00:25:19,050
opera in Weimar, was interested in
Hitler,
256
00:25:19,130 --> 00:25:24,430
who was brought into our box and
presented to my father
257
00:25:24,430 --> 00:25:29,090
because he was so well informed about
music.
258
00:25:29,990 --> 00:25:32,770
And he invited him to tea for the next
day.
259
00:25:34,160 --> 00:25:35,900
That's how it started, yes.
260
00:25:36,200 --> 00:25:39,480
And what were the first things you
noticed about Hitler?
261
00:25:39,740 --> 00:25:45,220
In the theater, he was dressed very
correctly in a dinner jacket,
262
00:25:45,360 --> 00:25:51,680
and he was very
263
00:25:51,680 --> 00:25:58,320
impressive in a certain
264
00:25:58,320 --> 00:26:02,460
shyness that he had, good manners.
265
00:26:03,340 --> 00:26:10,140
a little bit shy, and he really, in many
266
00:26:10,140 --> 00:26:15,800
ways, during my first start in politics,
267
00:26:16,040 --> 00:26:22,520
always advocated me and treated me like,
I should
268
00:26:22,520 --> 00:26:25,320
use this expression, a political father,
yes.
269
00:26:26,910 --> 00:26:30,510
He really did. He was capable of acts of
friendship like that. Yes, he was very
270
00:26:30,510 --> 00:26:33,290
capable of friendship and very true to
his friends.
271
00:26:34,050 --> 00:26:40,890
If you had to give a one -sentence or a
two -sentence summary of Hitler's life,
272
00:26:41,090 --> 00:26:47,770
or of Hitler, what would be the most
important thing you feel you would want
273
00:26:47,770 --> 00:26:50,550
say about him and his life?
274
00:26:56,800 --> 00:27:03,220
Mr. Frost, is a very difficult question
to answer in one or two sentences.
275
00:27:03,580 --> 00:27:05,900
I shall try it.
276
00:27:08,900 --> 00:27:12,240
A man without measure.
277
00:27:15,060 --> 00:27:18,860
A man with great gifts.
278
00:27:20,380 --> 00:27:23,480
A man who in some ways
279
00:27:24,780 --> 00:27:26,560
could be considered a genius.
280
00:27:28,000 --> 00:27:34,600
But because he had no sense of measure,
he could not
281
00:27:34,600 --> 00:27:35,600
succeed.
282
00:27:36,580 --> 00:27:37,840
That's the answer.
283
00:27:40,480 --> 00:27:47,340
It was a difficult question, but I do
not know how else I
284
00:27:47,340 --> 00:27:54,100
could make a sort of panel of this
fabulous monster, yes?
285
00:28:01,919 --> 00:28:08,080
Even after 20 years behind bars, Hitler
youth boss, Baldur von Schirach, is
286
00:28:08,080 --> 00:28:10,040
happy to praise his former mentor.
287
00:28:12,440 --> 00:28:14,660
Others play a canny again.
288
00:28:24,940 --> 00:28:30,220
Meet Albert Speer, another old Nazi who
has done time for war crimes.
289
00:28:31,100 --> 00:28:35,740
As a young architect, he helped Hitler
realise his grand ideas.
290
00:28:36,560 --> 00:28:41,080
And during World War II, he was head of
Hitler's war machine.
291
00:28:42,840 --> 00:28:45,260
Albert Speer, reel three.
292
00:28:52,080 --> 00:28:54,240
Although he denies it...
293
00:28:54,460 --> 00:28:56,520
He was also Hitler's best friend.
294
00:29:03,000 --> 00:29:08,280
Welcome to Heidelberg Castle for this
special edition of the David Frost Show.
295
00:29:08,600 --> 00:29:14,560
Herr Speer, it's so fascinating to talk
to you who was close to this monster
296
00:29:14,560 --> 00:29:18,360
whom I cannot understand, but what were
his good points?
297
00:29:19,240 --> 00:29:22,760
I wouldn't say you can find very many
points.
298
00:29:23,310 --> 00:29:30,010
only a few points. For instance, a point
which is good for every human being is
299
00:29:30,010 --> 00:29:31,210
to have close friends.
300
00:29:31,430 --> 00:29:32,730
He hasn't had any close friends.
301
00:29:33,170 --> 00:29:36,950
When did you first see Adolf Hitler,
Asper?
302
00:29:38,250 --> 00:29:45,230
I saw him first in an audience before
students in Berlin.
303
00:29:45,470 --> 00:29:51,010
It was about five thousand students and
he made a speech there.
304
00:29:51,690 --> 00:29:58,630
A very impressive speech because he was
not a normal demagogue. He
305
00:29:58,630 --> 00:29:59,630
usually was.
306
00:30:03,450 --> 00:30:08,930
In a different interview, Speer
elaborates on this first encounter with
307
00:30:10,250 --> 00:30:12,570
How far away were you from Hitler?
308
00:30:13,130 --> 00:30:14,370
20, 30 metres.
309
00:30:14,590 --> 00:30:15,790
That's quite a good place.
310
00:30:16,050 --> 00:30:21,050
Did he have any of the SS or of his own
guard with him when he appeared?
311
00:30:22,550 --> 00:30:24,910
Not visibly. He was there standing
alone.
312
00:30:25,210 --> 00:30:30,170
And would they have had swastikas and
other banners up? No. Nothing at all?
313
00:30:30,670 --> 00:30:34,470
The whole thing was done purposely to
impress by simplicity.
314
00:30:35,950 --> 00:30:38,570
Can you remember whether he mentioned
the Jews or not?
315
00:30:38,870 --> 00:30:43,850
He certainly did, but he wanted to prove
that he is able to be the chancellor,
316
00:30:44,030 --> 00:30:45,750
that he is not just an audio.
317
00:30:46,010 --> 00:30:48,090
So everything was modified, was run
down.
318
00:30:48,590 --> 00:30:52,390
During the applause, was it simply hand
clapping or was it big howls and
319
00:30:52,390 --> 00:30:56,870
saluting? Yes, but there's nothing which
the students are doing in Germany by
320
00:30:56,870 --> 00:30:58,130
trembling with their feet.
321
00:30:58,370 --> 00:30:59,670
That's a tremendous noise.
322
00:31:00,510 --> 00:31:02,730
The whole thing is boring.
323
00:31:09,970 --> 00:31:16,930
Like many who will go on to follow
324
00:31:16,930 --> 00:31:17,930
him.
325
00:31:17,960 --> 00:31:21,940
Albert Speer is drawn to Hitler at a
time of desperation.
326
00:31:29,060 --> 00:31:35,940
After the global financial crisis of
1929, spiralling unemployment plunges
327
00:31:35,940 --> 00:31:37,260
millions into poverty.
328
00:31:39,900 --> 00:31:43,100
Germany is the worst -hit country in
Europe.
329
00:31:47,980 --> 00:31:54,420
The despair was so terrible, as I can't
describe it. You had everywhere
330
00:31:54,420 --> 00:31:57,860
beggars, wherever you went in Berlin,
you had beggars.
331
00:31:58,120 --> 00:32:03,040
The people came onto the courtyard and
were singing and singing just for a
332
00:32:03,040 --> 00:32:04,240
penny.
333
00:32:27,120 --> 00:32:34,000
I supported Hitler because he, after
having seen all that depravity,
334
00:32:34,060 --> 00:32:39,720
all that poverty here, was the only one
who could do social justice to the
335
00:32:39,720 --> 00:32:42,300
people here. They were a terrible
misery.
336
00:32:44,620 --> 00:32:47,660
Hitler channels people's fear and anger.
337
00:32:49,760 --> 00:32:55,020
He continues to blame Germany's problems
on the First World War surrender and
338
00:32:55,020 --> 00:32:59,040
the humiliating peace agreement, the
Treaty of Versailles, that followed.
339
00:33:28,540 --> 00:33:29,600
Why do you
340
00:33:29,600 --> 00:33:40,600
suppose
341
00:33:40,600 --> 00:33:45,980
it was that so many Germans stood by and
let this thing happen and even
342
00:33:45,980 --> 00:33:52,560
supported it i think the atmosphere in
germany was one of
343
00:33:52,560 --> 00:33:57,000
great poverty there's no doubt about it
it was very distinguishable when one
344
00:33:57,000 --> 00:34:00,760
even came from england which wasn't in a
very good way either they'd lost
345
00:34:00,760 --> 00:34:07,540
everything they'd lost the first world
war they'd lost every bean they had in
346
00:34:07,540 --> 00:34:08,540
the inflation
347
00:34:09,260 --> 00:34:13,560
And Hitler gave a little piece to every
one of them. He told them they'd been
348
00:34:13,560 --> 00:34:17,860
dishonored by losing the war and had
never really lost it, and that the
349
00:34:17,860 --> 00:34:22,960
politicians and the Jews were
responsible for the inflation, and that
350
00:34:22,960 --> 00:34:25,400
promised to give them back an army,
their honor.
351
00:34:27,000 --> 00:34:30,179
He knew exactly how to speak to those
kind of people.
352
00:34:38,580 --> 00:34:41,000
1932, election time in Germany.
353
00:34:42,920 --> 00:34:44,500
Hitler's following is growing.
354
00:34:46,620 --> 00:34:50,900
But to win power, he needs to get his
message to the masses.
355
00:35:05,710 --> 00:35:10,190
I was with Hitler for the first time and
he said to me, Mr.
356
00:35:11,030 --> 00:35:13,170
Bauer, I don't have any trust in your
aviation.
357
00:35:16,930 --> 00:35:18,010
I said, why?
358
00:35:19,310 --> 00:35:25,810
He said, I only flew once in my life and
swore to myself once and never again.
359
00:35:26,030 --> 00:35:28,550
That makes a bad impression, he said.
360
00:35:31,920 --> 00:35:35,100
Before my speech, every time I have to
hand myself over first.
361
00:35:37,400 --> 00:35:43,640
And I said to him, in the meantime, I
have flown thousands of pacifiers.
362
00:36:04,400 --> 00:36:05,400
First soldier!
363
00:36:11,660 --> 00:36:12,740
Fire!
364
00:36:34,360 --> 00:36:39,820
An einem Abend ist alles glänzend
gegangen.
365
00:37:22,860 --> 00:37:29,000
Record numbers flock to Hitler's
rallies, keen to hear the strongman on
366
00:37:29,000 --> 00:37:30,000
of the people.
367
00:37:33,780 --> 00:37:38,380
The whole atmosphere grew more and more
hysterical.
368
00:37:41,550 --> 00:37:43,490
Women began screaming.
369
00:37:44,830 --> 00:37:49,390
It was like a mass religious ceremony.
370
00:37:51,450 --> 00:37:56,150
And I feel more and more excited.
371
00:37:56,530 --> 00:38:01,570
I feel I was a member of all those
believers.
372
00:38:08,910 --> 00:38:10,570
I could see.
373
00:38:11,360 --> 00:38:15,740
what effect his speech was having on the
mass of people below.
374
00:38:16,460 --> 00:38:18,080
And it was quite extraordinary.
375
00:38:18,820 --> 00:38:24,500
They were at best expectant when he
started, but he had them in a near
376
00:38:24,500 --> 00:38:29,120
before long, and he kept them there in
waves again and again.
377
00:38:40,650 --> 00:38:46,810
Right after this speech, we all went to
the Braunhaus and we went into a room
378
00:38:46,810 --> 00:38:50,130
and I was told by my father, go over
there on this chair, sit down and keep
379
00:38:50,130 --> 00:38:55,870
quiet. Then the transcript of the speech
just delivered began to be
380
00:38:55,870 --> 00:38:58,570
brought into the room by messengers.
381
00:38:59,050 --> 00:39:04,270
Hitler withdrew to a desk, sat down with
Goebbels looking over his shoulder, and
382
00:39:04,270 --> 00:39:08,870
I was impressed by the utterly...
383
00:39:11,100 --> 00:39:15,780
calm, rational, critical way in which
Hitler went through that manuscript with
384
00:39:15,780 --> 00:39:22,340
Goebbels, quietly saying, this went over
very well, let us play that up, this
385
00:39:22,340 --> 00:39:24,880
will cut, and so.
386
00:39:33,660 --> 00:39:35,900
While Hitler plays to his bass,
387
00:39:36,810 --> 00:39:39,430
He gives people an enemy to fight
against.
388
00:39:41,310 --> 00:39:44,850
His political opponent, the communists.
389
00:40:02,960 --> 00:40:08,140
There were political marches taking
place between the Nazis on the one side,
390
00:40:08,140 --> 00:40:09,300
Communists on the other.
391
00:40:10,020 --> 00:40:14,320
And there were fight and death shootings
practically every weekend.
392
00:40:31,790 --> 00:40:36,110
All of a sudden, everybody was a Nazi,
Nazis everywhere.
393
00:40:36,810 --> 00:40:39,390
Like mushrooms that just came up, you
know.
394
00:40:39,610 --> 00:40:44,670
All night, there was a swastika flag in
every window, except ours.
395
00:40:46,710 --> 00:40:49,710
We didn't realize the seriousness of it.
396
00:40:50,170 --> 00:40:56,970
But one night, we saw a young man being
beaten by about 12 Nazis in
397
00:40:56,970 --> 00:40:59,150
uniform, and there we were.
398
00:40:59,740 --> 00:41:01,260
were unable to do a thing.
399
00:41:04,200 --> 00:41:09,500
Riding alongside Hitler is his friend
and backer, Putzi Hamstengel.
400
00:41:10,740 --> 00:41:16,020
A few things which are always omitted in
the films of today,
401
00:41:16,260 --> 00:41:19,960
that is the violence from the other
side.
402
00:41:20,560 --> 00:41:27,140
For instance, when we got out of the
motor cars, there are so many red
403
00:41:27,280 --> 00:41:28,720
semi -armed and whatnot.
404
00:41:29,770 --> 00:41:32,070
We'll have to storm the hall.
405
00:41:33,170 --> 00:41:34,630
And then it started.
406
00:41:34,970 --> 00:41:38,270
It was simply live or die.
407
00:41:42,630 --> 00:41:49,130
I remember Hitler standing up there with
a horse whip. He beat one fellow
408
00:41:49,130 --> 00:41:51,950
who screamed most how.
409
00:41:52,190 --> 00:41:53,890
He beat him right across the face.
410
00:42:01,770 --> 00:42:08,530
I think the ordinary person was
absolutely tired of this
411
00:42:08,530 --> 00:42:13,710
situation and was on the lookout for
someone who would come along to clean up
412
00:42:13,710 --> 00:42:14,710
the place.
413
00:42:16,130 --> 00:42:20,030
Anything is better than this situation
that we're in at the moment.
414
00:42:24,330 --> 00:42:26,170
July 1932.
415
00:42:28,490 --> 00:42:31,310
13 million Germans vote for Hitler.
416
00:42:34,410 --> 00:42:39,950
Though short of a majority, the Nazis
are now the largest political party.
417
00:42:43,470 --> 00:42:47,790
And after six months, Hitler is handed
the levers of power.
418
00:42:55,090 --> 00:43:01,480
Such is his cocktail of charisma,
stagecraft and populist message that
419
00:43:01,480 --> 00:43:03,600
pulled off a staggering political
maneuver.
420
00:43:06,120 --> 00:43:12,220
He'd openly campaigned on a promise to
dismantle democracy and install himself
421
00:43:12,220 --> 00:43:13,220
as dictator.
422
00:43:14,200 --> 00:43:19,760
Now, with his friends and accomplices
behind him, he's going to deliver on it.
423
00:43:39,690 --> 00:43:46,310
Now, Hitler, he came into power by legal
ways, and we all expected him
424
00:43:46,310 --> 00:43:50,310
to become a respectable, sensible
creature.
425
00:43:51,410 --> 00:43:58,410
But hardly was he in power. He stopped
his revolution, and on
426
00:43:58,410 --> 00:44:04,870
it went, and on it went. And the train
was not only the wrong train, but it
427
00:44:04,870 --> 00:44:08,450
faster and faster and faster, so nobody
could jump off.
35010
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