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FROM THE TIME OF JESUS AND HIS LIFE,
WHAT DO WE HAVE FOR HISTORIC ACCOUNTS?
Dieck: THIS IS A VERY SACRED PLACE.
NORMLY, ONES ALWED TO COME HERE.
AT'S INCREDIBLE.
THAT PERSON RIGHT THERE, THEY HAVE NO CLUE.
JESUS COD'VE BEEN BORN RIGHT HERE.
THIS COULD BE IT.
WHO SAID CHAEOGY S BORING?
WOO-HOO!
DOWNRIGHT TERRIFYING.
OH, BOY.
W, LOOK ATHAT!
IT IS JUST STACKED WITH SKULLS AND BONES.
♪♪
♪♪
JESUS CHRIST.
PERHAPS YOU'VE HEARD OF HIM,
THE KEY FIGURE OF THE LARGEST RELIGION ON THE PLANET,
WORSHIPPED BY MORE THAN 2 BILLION PEOPLE.
HIS STORY IS ONE OF MIRACLES BUT ALSO OF MYSTERIES,
SPECIFICALLY THE EARLY PART OF HIS LIFE.
FACT, IN THE ROUGY 30 YEARSES BUTBEEEHIS BIRTHERIES,
AND HIS BAPTISM, VIRTUALLY NOTHING IS WRITTEN
ABOUT THE MOST INFLUENTIAL PERSONN HIORY.
BUT NOW EXPERTS EQUIPPED WITH NEW TECHNOLY
ARBEGIING UNREL E SEETS JES.
ONE ARCHAEOLOGIST BELIEVES HE'S MADE A DISCOVERY
AT CLD CNGE ERYTNG WE TNK WKNOW
ABT HICELEATEDIRTH ANBIBLAL HTORIS
BELIEVE THAT SECRETS BURIED IN THE GOSPELS
COULD ED LIGHT ON THE LOST YEARS OF HIS CHILDHOOD.
I'M HEADED TO E HOLY LAN
ONN EXPEDITI BO HUMAN AND DIVINE.
BY EXAMINING CLUES AND RELICS
AT THE MOST SACRED SITES IN CHRISTIANITY,
HOPE TO DISCOVER THE TRUE ORIGIN STORY OF JESUS.
MY NAME IS JOSH TES.
LOOK! [ LAUGHS ]
...EXPLORER, ADVENTURER.
THAT IS IT!
...AND A GUY WHO ENDS UP IN SOME VERY STRANGEUATIS.
AH, AH, AAH, HAA!
WITH A DEGRE ARCEOLO
AND A PASSION FOR THUNEXAINE
I TREL TTHE DS OFHE EARTH,
INVEIGATING THE GREATEST LEGENDS IN HISTORY.
OKAY, LET'S PUNCH IT.
THIS IS "EXPEDITION UNKNOWN."
-- ptions by VITAC -- www.vitaco
PTIO PAIFOR BY DISCOVERY COMMUNICIO
HI, THERE.
WELL, AT FIRST GLANCE,
I COULD BE JUST ABOUT ANYWHERE RIGHT NOW,
IN SOMEBODY'S BASEMENT OR POKING AROUND IN A CITY SEWER,
AND IN A SENSE, THAT WOULD BE CORRECT BECAUSE FOR YEARS,
IT WAS BELIEVED THAT THE TUNNELS UNDERNEATH ME
WERE JUST DRAINAGE FOR RAINWATER,
BUT SINCE THEN, ARCHAEOLOGISTS HAVE PIECED TOGETHER
A LAYER CAKE OF HISTORY HERE,
FROM BIBLICAL TIMES ALL THE WAY UP TO THE MODERN WORLD.
THERE, 30 FEET ABOVE US, ARE THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE
AND MILLIONS OF TONS OF STONE AND MARBLE
AS WELL AS ONE OF THE MOST VENERATED SITES IN THE WORLD.
[ CHOIR SINGING IN LATIN ]
♪♪
WELCOME TO JERUSALEM'S CHURCH OF THE HOLY SEPULCHRE,
THE MOST HALLOWED CHRISTIAN SHRINE ON EARTH.
ACCORDING TO TRADITION, THIS IS THE VERY LOCATION
WHERE JESUS DIED AND WAS BURIED.
THE CHURCH IS, IN A WORD, BREATHTAKING.
THE VERY AIR THAT HANGS INSIDE
SEEMS INFUSED WITH SOMETHING HOLY,
BUT THIS IS ALSO A PLACE OF MYSTERY
BECAUSE AS SACRED AS THIS STCTURIS,
NOTHING THAT YOU SEE HERE TODAY EXISTED IN THE TIME OF JESUS.
THE BIBLE TELLS US THAT JESUS WAS CRUCIFIED
ON BARREN HILL CALLED GOLGOTHA.
HIS BODY WAS THEN LAID OUT ON A STONE
BEFORE BEI PLACED IN A ROCK-CUT TOMB.
OVER 300 YEARS LATER WHEN CHRISTIANITY SPREAD TO ROME,
THE EMPEROR CONSTANTINE DISPATCHED HIS MOTHER, HELENA,
TO THE HOLY LAND TO IDENTIFY THE EXACT SITE.
E WAS LED RE.
THE URCHHE PCED RE S DEROYE
AND REBUILT OVER THE CENTURIES AS JERUSALEM
CHANGED HANDS BETWEEN CHRIIANSMOORAND WS.
THIS IS, RELIGIOUSLY SPEAKING, A HIGH-TRAFFIC AREA.
TODAY, THE TOP OF THE CRUCIFIXION HILL
IS UNDER THE FLOOR OF THE CHURCH.
ONE CAN ALSO PLACE THEIR HANDS ON THE STONE
WHERE JESUS' BODY WAS LAIDUT.
A FEW HUNDRED FEET AWAY STILL INSIDE THE MASSIVE BUILDING
THEOMB SELF THPLACE WHERE SCRIPTURE SAYS
JESUS WAS INTERRED FOR THREE DAYS
BEFORE RISING FROM THE DEAD.
WITH SO MUCH DESTRUCTION AND RENOVATION HERE,
THE QUESTION HAS ALWAYS PERSISTED,
WAS THIS CHURCH BUILT IN THE RIGHT SPOT?
WELL, A RECENT EXCAVATION HERE
MIGHT JUST ANSWER THAT QUESTION ONCE AND FOR ALL.
THE TOMB HAD BEEN BADLY WEATHERED BY TIME
AND MILLIONS OF VISITORS, SO IN 2016,
SCIENTISTS WERE CALLED IN TO DO AN EMERGENCY RESTORATION.
THEY WERE GIVEN JUST 60 HOURS TO PEER BENEATH THE TOMB
FOR THE FIRST TIME IN CENTURIES.
BENEATH A LAYER OF FILL, THEY FOUND A PIECE OF MARBLE
STAMPED WITH A CROSS FROM THE TIME OF THE CRUSADES,
DEEPER DOWN, EVEN OLDER MARBLE FROM THE TIME OF CONSTANTINE,
AND AT THE BOTTOM, THEY FOUND THE ORIGINAL LIMESTONE BED,
CONFIRMING THE EXISTENCE OF A BURIAL CAVE.
ALL OF THIS PPORTS THE CLAIM THAT CSTANNEND HENA
BUILT ON THE RIGHT SPOT
AND THAT THIS MAY WELL HAVE BEEN THE TRUE TOMB OF JESUS CHRIST.
♪♪
♪
I SPILL OUT TO THE LABYRINTH OF THE OLD CITY,
BEYOND THE THRONGS OF PILGRIMS ON THE VIA DOLOROSA.
HAVING SEEHOW ARCHAEOLOGY IS HELPING US
DERSTAND CHRIST'S DEATH,
I'M MOVING ON TO MY INVESTIGATION OF HIS BIRTH
BY MEETING HEBREW UNIVERSITY TEACHER
ANGUID DAY "T DIGR" HMAN.
WHEN YOU WALK AROUND THIS PART OF THE OLD CITY,
EVERYWHERE YOU GO, YOU'RE CONFRONTED
WITH THESE IMAGES OF CHRIST
FROM THE LAST DAYS OF HIS LIFE.
LET'S LK ABOUT HIS BIRTH.
FROM THE TIME OF JESUS IN HIS LIFE,
WHAT DO WE HAVE FOR HISTOR ACCNTS?
WE HAVE NONE. NOTHING?
NO. WH WE VE THEOSPE.
OKAY.
THESE ARE THE FOUR BOOKS FROM THE NEW TESTAMENT --
MATTHEW, MARK, LUKE AND JOHN.
YES.
THE GOSPELS ARE THE, AND I DO MEAN THE, SOURCE
OF ALL OF OUR HISTORIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE LIFE AND TIMES OF JESUS.
IT'S BASICALLY A BIOGRAPHY OF ONE MAN
FROM FOUR DIFFERENT WRITERS.
THIS IS WHERE WE GET THE STORY OF THE HOLY BIRTH,
AND WITH SINCERE APOLOGIES TO MY OLD SUNDAY-SCHOOL TEACHER,
THIS IS HOW I REMEMBER IT.
A LITTLE OVER 2,000 YEARS AGO IN NAZARETH,
A VIRGIN NAMED MARY IS AWAKENED IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT
BY THE ANGEL GABRIEL,
THE BIBLICAL VERSION OF MAURY POVICH,
WHO TELLS HER SHE'S PREGNANT AND THE FATHER IS, YOU KNOW, GOD.
SHE TAKES THE NEWS SURPRISINGLY WELL
AS DOES HER VERY UNDERSTANDING HUSBAND,
A GUY NAMED JOSEPH.
UNFORTUNATELY, THE TIMING STINKS.
RIGHT AROUND THE BABY'S DUE DATE,
THE ROMAN EMPEROR, CAESAR AUGUSTUS,
ORDERS A TAX CENSUS TO BE HELD,
REQUIRING ALL CITIZENS TO BE COUNTED IN THEIR HOMETOWNS.
STUPID TAXES.
SINCE JOSEPH WAS FROM THE LITTLE TOWN OF BETHLEHEM,
HE AND HIS EXTREMELY PREGNANT WIFE
TAKE A ROAD TRIP THERE BY DONKEY,
AND YOU KNOW THE REST. THERE'S NO ROOM AT THE INN,
AND MARY GIVES BIRTH TO JESUS IN A MANGER
SURROUNDED BY SOME SERIOUSLY SURPRISED BARNYARD ANIMALS
AND THREE KINGS FROM THE EAST WHO FOLLOWED A STAR
ANBROUGHT SOME SUPER WEIRD STUFF WITHOUT A GIFT RECEIPT.
THIS IS IT.
THE GOSPELS ARE E PRARY SOUR MATERIAL FOR THIS STORY.
THE ONLY SOURCE, ACTULY, S,
AND ONLY TWO OF THEM CARE TO RECORD
HIS BIRTH IN BETHLEHEM.
ONLY TWO OF THE FOUR? ONLY TWO, YES.
SO NOW WE'RE DOWN TO TWO GOSPELS?
YES.
YEP, THAT'S RIGHT.
TWO OF THE BOOKS DON'T EVEN BOTHER
WITH JESUS' BIRTH STORY,
AND MATTHEW AND LUKE OFFER SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT VERSIONS,
AND THAT'S NOT EVEN THE STRANGEST PART.
ONE OF THE THINGS YOU NEO UNRSTAND,
MATTHEW AND LUKE, JUST LIKE MARK AND JOHN,
THEY WERE COMPILED SOME 60 TO 80 YEARS LATER.
THEY ARE NOT FROM THE TIME OF JESUS.
NONE OF THE GOSPELS WERE WRITTEN DURING HIS LIFE?
NO.
SCHOLARS LARGELY AGREE THAT THE GOSPELS WERE NOT WRITT
BY THE PEOPLE THEY'RE NAMED AFTER
BUT RATHER BY THEIR FOLLOWERS WHO COBBLED
TOGETHER THE STORY DECADES LATER.
THAT'S KIND OF MIND-BLOWING IN AND OF ITLF, RIGHT?
I MEAN, THEY'RE WRITTEN AS THOUGH
THEY'RE FIRSTHAND COUNTS.
SO THIS WOD BEIKE I W ITINABOUWOODOCK,
AND I WASN'T THERE FOR IT, BUT MY DAD WENT,
AND HE TOLD ME ALL ABOUT IT,
AND THEN I WRITE IT AS THOUGH I WAS THERE?
YEAH. THAT'S INCREDIBLE.
BUT JUST BECAUSE THEOSPE ARE PSEUDOOGRAPHICAL
ESN'MEAN THEY'RE WRONG.
AS THE CLOSEST THING TO CONTEMPORARY HISTORY WE HAVE,
THEY'RE INVALUABLE SOURCES FOR LEARNING
ABOUT THE HISTORICAL JESUS.
SO FROM SOME OF THE GOSPEL WE HAVE THE STORY OF HIS BIRTH,
BUT HOW ACCURATE ARE THE DETAILS?
AND WHAT ABOUT THE DATE AND THE YE?
I MEAN, YOKNOW, THISS THE STORY THAT WE HEAR.
IT HAPPENED AT THE END OF DECEMBER, YOU KNOW?
2,000 AND SOMEWHAT YEARS AGO, YES.
AH, EXACTLY.
WELL, THAT DATE WAS CREATED BY A MONK
SOME CENTURIES LATEIN EUROPE.
WHAT IS THE LIKELIHOOD THAT HE REALLY HIT
THE RIGHT YEAR, YEAR 1?
WELL, FIRST OF ALL, THE TEXT TELLS US WHEN JESUS IS BORN,
KING HEROD IS STILL ALIVE. RIGHT.
AT THIS TIME, THIS IS A ROMAN PROVIN.
KING HEROD FAMOUSLY IS IN CHARGE OF THAT PROVINCE.
YEAH, BUT HE DIED 4 YEARS EARLIER AT THE YEAR 4 BCE,
ACCORDING TO ROMAN HISTORIANS.
RIGHT.
SO THE YEAR THAT JESUS WAS BORN MIGHT NOT BE YEAR 1
BUT SOMEWHERE A FEW YEARS BEFORE THAT.
MAYBE.
SO WE MAY BE OFF BY A FEW YEARS IN TERMS OF HIS BIRTH.
YEAH. WE SHOULD ALL ADD, LIKE,
4 YEARS TO THE CHRISTIAN COUNT.
AND WHAT ABOUT THE MONK? WHAT ABOUT, YOU KNOW?
25 OF DECEMBER, CHRISTMAS?
YES. DO WAT LEAST HAVE THAT?
NO. OKAY
BOY, IT'S ALL FALLING APART HERE.
IT'S ALL FALLING APART HERE IMMEDIATELY.
THAT WAS DECIDED ALSO CENTURIES LATER.
IN CONSTANTINOPLE AND IN ROME,
IT WAS DECIDED TO MATCH IT WITH SOME ROMAN PAGAN HOLIDAY.
OKAY, SO THE YEAR AND THE DATE ARE A LITTLE FLUID,
BUT IN TERMS OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THE BIRTH STORY,
THE GOSPELS DO TELL US WHERE IT HAPPENED, RIGHT?
BETHLEHEM, THE HOUSE OF BREAD IN HEBREW.
THAT'S THE ACCEPTED LOCATION?
THACCEPTED LOCATION BY THE GOSPELS,
AND SINCE WE ONLY HAVE THE GOSPELS,
I CANNOT SUGGEST ANY OTHER PLACE.
DO YOU THINK IT IS TRULY POSSIBLE TO SEPARATE
JESUS THE MAN FROM JESUS THE RELIGIOUS FIGURE?
WE HAVE ARCHAEOLOGY.
WE HAV A LOT OF HOLY PLACES,
AND THROUGH ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
THAT IS AN ONGOING PROCESS,
WE UNDERSTAND MORE AND MORE.
IF YOU REALLY WANT TO UNDERSTAND THE STORY OF JESUS,
YOU HAVE TO START IN BETHLEHEM.
YOU HAVE TO GO TO THE CHURCH OF NATIVITY,
TO THE CRYPT UNDER IDENTIFIED
AS THE VERY PLACE WHERE HE WAS BORN.
ARMED WITH THE KNOWLEDGE THAT THE GOSPELS
ARE NOT FIRSTHAND ACCOUNTS,
I WANT TO SEE IF THE ACCEPD ACE OF JESUS' BIRTH
IS THE REAL DEAL.
I SAY GOODBYE TO DANNY THE DIGGER
ANPICKP SO WHES FOR MY SHORT TRIP
TO THE CHURCH OFHE NIVIT
BUT DON'T CONFUS SHORT FOR EASY.
OKAY, ADED TO BETHLEHEM.
YOU KNOW, FOR CENTURIES,
CHRISTIANS AROUND THE WORLD HAVE BEEN TAUGHT
THAT THIS IS THE LOCATION OF THE STABLE WHERE JESUS WAS BORN.
IT'S PRACTICALLY AN ARTICLE OF FAITH,
AND SO YOU MIGHT THINK THAT BETHLEHEM WOULD BE SURROUNDED
BY HUNDREDS OF HOLY CHRISTIAN SITES,
BUT, IN FACT, THAT'S NOT THE CASE,
AND THAT'S BECAUSE BETHLEHEM ACTULY SS
IN THE HIGHLY CONTROVERSIAL AREA KNOWN AS THE WEST BANK.
ROLL THE TAPE.
THE WEST BANK REFERS TO ABOUT 2,000 SQRE MILES OF TERRITORY
BORDERED BY THE WEST BANK OF THE JORDAN RIVER
AND EXTENDING ALL THE WAY INTO JERUSALEM.
THE NAME, THOUGH, IS THE ONLY THING PEOPLE SEEM TO AGREE ON.
IT'S THE CENTER OF A DECADES-LONG CONFLICT
BETWEEN THE ISRAELIS AND THE PALESTINIANS,
AND SINCE DISCUSSINGHE POTICSF THE WEST BANK
IS LIKE WADING INTO QUICKSAND, I'LL JUST SAY THIS --
I LO FORWARD TO A Y EN THE MILITARY CHECOINT
I'M RAPIDLY APPROACHING IS UNNECESSARY.
IS ROAD IS DANGEROUS TO YOUR LIVES.
OK.
OKAY, HERE COMES THE CHECKPOINT.
JUST A COUPLE OF NE JEWISH BOYS
WITH KEVLAR VESTS, AUTOMATIC WEAPONS.
, BOY.
Gates: TO FIND THE HISTORICAL TRUTH ABOUT CHRIST'S BIRTHPLACE,
I'M PROAING THE TLY NTESD BOER
BETWEEN ISRAEL AND THE WEST BANK.
NOW IS A GOOD TIME TO HAVE THE U.S. EMBASSY ON SPEED DIAL.
OKAY, HERE COMES THE CHECKPOINT.
OH, BOY.
HELLO.
HOW ARE YOU?
I'M GOOD.
EVERYTHI GOOD?
OKAY? THANK YOU VERY MUCH.
TODA.
♪ HALLELUJAH ♪
♪ HALLELUJAH, HALLELUJAH ♪
Choir: ♪ HALLELUJAH ♪
♪ HALLELUJAH, HALLELUJAH ♪
Gates: WELL, TENSIONS IN THE MIDDLE EAST EXTEND
ALL THE WAY TO THE CAR-RENTAL COUNTER.
ONE OF THE MANY PECULIARITIES HERE
IS THAT ISRAELI CAR-RENTAL COMPANIES
WILL NOT LET YOU TAKE ONE OF THEIR VEHICLES
INTO PARTS OF THE WEST BANK THAT ARE UNDER PALESTINIAN CONTROL.
THERE'S ACTUALLY A CHIP IN THIS CAR
THAT TELLS THEM IF I DO SO, SO I NEED TO PULL OVER
AND SWITCH TO A PALESTINIAN TAXI.
♪♪
HEY. -HI.
-BETHLEHEM? -YES, WELCOME.
ALL RIGHT. GREAT.
OKAY.
[ BOTH SPEAK ARABIC ]
WHAT'S YOUR NAME?
MY NE ISSAMA
GREAT.
RE WGO.
IT'S A QUICK RIDE TO THE MIDDLE OF BETHLEHEM,
AND MYAB DPS M ATHE CRCH THEATIVY,
WHERE I'VE ARRANGED A MEETING
WITH BIBLICAL HISTORIAN HAYTHAM DIECK.
HAYTHAM. HEY, HOW ARE YOU?
HEY, I'M JOSH. HI, JOSH. HOW ARE YOU?
CE TMEETOU. NICEO ME YOU
FIRST OF ALL, I LOVE THAT THIS
IS THE MAIN ENTRCE TO THE CHURCH.
THAT'S RIGHT. THE SMALLEST DOOR EVER.
WE CALL IT THE DOOR OF HUMILITY.
DOOR OF HUMILITY, YEAH.
WHAT COULD BE MORE HUMBLE AN TS?
EXACTLY. THE MOST IMPORTANT CHURCH
IN THE WORLD WITH THE SMALLEST DOOR EVER.
RIGHT. SHOULD WE GO INSIDE?
ABSOLUTELY, PLEASE. PLEASE.
AFTER YOU. THANK YOU.
♪♪
SO BEAUTIFUL.
tes:HIS IS THE OLDEST-STANDING CHURCH
IN THE HOLY LAND,
SAID TO HAVE BEEN BUILT ON THE EXACT SPOT
OF JESUS CHRIST'S BIRTH.
AND LIKE THE HOLY SEPULCHRE IN JERUSALEM,
HAVTHE PEROR CONSTANTINE TO THANKOR I
AFTER HE MADE CHRISTIANITY THE OFFICIAL RELIGION
OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN THE YEAR 325,
HE SENT HIS MOTHER, HELENA, HERE TO ESERVE
D MORIALIZE THE EVENTS OF JESUS' LIFE,
AND THIS WAS ONE OF THE FIRST PLACES SHE FOUND.
AFTER HIS MOTHER, HELENA, WAS AT THE SITE HERE
AND DISCOVERED THE SITE OF THE BIRTH.
AND ACCORDING TO TRADITION, THIS MIRACULOUS BIRT
HAPPENED UNDERNEATH US, RIGHT?
YES. HAPPENED UNDERNEA US, EXACTLY, JUST THERE.
DOWN THE STAIRS?
WOULD YOU LIKE TO COME AND SEE IT?
YES. LET'S GO.
SUCH A MYSTERIOUS ENTRANCE.
OH, YES.
HAYTHAM BRINGS ME DOWN ANCIENT STONE STEPS
TO THE PLACE HELENA DISCOVERED,
THE PURPORTED LOCATION OF THE NATIVITY.
SOLULY SNNIN OK ATHIS
HERE WE ARE, RIGHT? AND THIS IS IT?
THAT'S IT. THIS IS THE SPOT, YES?
IT'S THE SPOT.
THE ACCEPTED BIRTHPLACE OF JESUS CHRIST.
YES. THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM.
ABSOLUTELY AMAZING,
AND, YOU KNOW, WHAT'S SO REMARKABLE ABOUT THIS
IS THAT IT'S NOT AT ALL WHAT MOST PEOPLE,
I THINK, WOULD EXPECT. THAT'S RIGHT.
I INK THISTOR FR SUNY SCOL.
MM-HMM.
AND I REMEMBER THE WAS NO ROOM AT THE INN,
AND SO MARY AND JOSEPH, THEY STAY IN A MANGER,
AND THERE'S HAY ON THE GROUND,
AND THERE'S DONKEYS, AND THERE'S ANIMALS.
THIS FEELS MORE LIKE WE'RE IN A CAVE.
IN FACT, IT IS A CAVE. IT IS?
TH IDETHATHEY NT THENN,
AND THEY DIDN'T FIND ANY SPACE, ACTUALLY,
THE INN ISHE GST RM.
SO THIS IS NOT AN INN
LIKE THEY WERE GOING TO THE MOTEL 6,
AND THEY WERE SOLD OUT?
NOT AT ALL. ABSOLUTELY...
THAT'S HOW PEOPLE THINK ABOUT IT, THOUGH, THIN..
EXACTLY.
...LIKE IT WAS SOME SORT OF GUEST LODGING,
BUT THIS WOULD PROBABLY HAVE BEEN
ONE OF THEIR RELATIVES' OR FRIENDS' HOMES?
ABSOLUTELY, ONE OF THEIR RELATIVES', FRIENDS' HOME,
AND THEY FOUND THE GUEST ROOM OCCUPIED,
SO THEY HAD TO GO DOWN INTO A CAVE
IN ORDER TO GIVE BIRTH HERE IN THIS PLACE.
MANY PEOPLE BACK IN THE 1st CENTURY
WOULD USE CAVES OR GROTTOS FOR PROTECTING THEIR ANIMALS.
EARLY PAINTINGS OF THE NATIVITY,
LIKE THIS ON DEPICT THE BIRTH IN A CAVE,
NOT AWAY IN A MANGER AS LATER ILLUSTRATIONS
AND CHRISTMAS CAROLS WOULD HAVE US BELIEVE.
IN A SENSE, THIS IS A MANGER... -THIS IS A MANGER.
...JUST MAYBE NOT THE ONE WE PICTURE.
EXACTLY.
ANSO WT EVENCE DO WE HAVE THAT THE CHUR
WAS CONSTRUCTED IN THE CORRECT PLACE?
WE HAVE LOTS OF EVIDENCE FROM THE EARLY CHRISTIAN WITNESSES.
BACK IN THE 2nd AND THE 3rd URY,
LOCAL PEOPLE WERE SHOWING THE PILGRIMS
AND PEOPLE COMING TO VISIT THE PLACE WHERE JESUS WAS BORN,
WHICH MEANS WE HE A VERY HIGH AUTHENTICITY.
AND WHAT ABOUT ARCHAEOLOGICALLY?
DO WE HAVE ANY EVIDENCE, ANY BONES,
ANY POTTERY FROM THIS TIME PERIOD
WHEN JESUS WAS BORN THAT'S BEEN FOUND DOWN HERE?
SO FAR, WE HAVE NOT FOUND
ANARCHOLOGAL RAINS TO THAT PERIOD,
T CLE BYTHERS A PLACE I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU,
SECR PLA WHE WE MIT HAVE THAT EVIDENCE.
YEAH? LET'S SEE IT.
LET'S SEE IT. OKAY, PLEASE.
SO THOUGH THE MANGER ITSELF IS SACRED,
IT DOESN'T OFFER US ANY ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE,
BUT NEARBY IS ANOTHER CHAMBER,
ONE THAT MOST PILGRIMS AREN'T EVEN AWARE EXISTS,
WHH MIGHT TELL A DIFFERENT STORY.
I DOT KNOW WHATOXPECT AT THE END OF THIS DARK TUNNEL,
BUI'M ETTYURE IT I'T THIS.
OH, MY WORD.
ESE ARE TOMBS.
SO THESE ARE BENCH-STYLE ROCK-CUT TOMBS?
YES, EXACTLY.
WOW, LOOK AT THIS.
AND IF YOU LOOK DOWN, YOU CAN SEE SOME REMAINS.
WOW.
THIS IS A VERY SACRED PLACE.
NORMALLY, NO ONE IS ALLOWED TO COME HERE.
THAT'S INCREDIBLE.
AND THE BIG QUESTION..
WHEN DO THE BONES DATE FROM?
FROM THE TIME OF JESUS, THE 1st CENTURY.
SO THIBRINGS US BACK TO THE 1st CENTURY?
EXACTLY.
IT'S NOT JUST THIS ROOM.
THERE ARE OTHER CHAMBERS I WANT TO SHOW YOU ALSO.
THERE'S MORE?
YES. THERE'S MORE. COME WITH ME.
JOSH, COME AND SEE HERE.
WHOA, UNBELIEVABLE.
IT IS JUST STACKED WITH SKULLS AND BONES.
Gate DEEP BENEATH THE CHURCH OF THE NATIVITY INETEHEM
BIBLICAL SCHOLAR HAYTHAM DIECK BELIEVES HE CAN OVE
THAT THIS IS THE SITE OF JESUS' TRUE BIRTHPLACE.
NO DEFINITIVE ARCHAEOLICAL EVIDENCE
HAS BEEN FOUND TO DATE THE NATIVITY SITE ITSELF,
BUT EPERN THCOMPX,
HE BRINGS ME THROUGH A RESTRICTED AREA
AND TO A SHOCKING SITE.
UNBELIEVABLE. LOOK AT THIS.
IT IS JUST STACKED WITH SKULLS AND BONES.
HOMANY PEOPLE ARE IN HERE?
AS MANY AS 2,000.
AS MANY AS 2,000 PEOPLE.
YES.
THE CAVE HERE IS CALLED THE CAVE OF THE HOLY INNOCENTS.
MANY BELIEVE IT'S THE EVIDENCE
OF THE MASSACRE BY HEROD.
AY, THISTORCOME OM T BOOOF MATTHEW.
HEROD, WHO WAS THE KING IN THIS REGION FOR THE ROMANS,
WAS NERVOUS ABOUT AN OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECY
ABOUT A CHILD FROM BETHLEHEM
WHO WOULD GROW UP TO BE THE TRUE KING OF THE JEWS.
SO TO DEAL WITH THIS FUTURE THREAT,
HEROD HAS HIS SOLDIERS KILL ALL MALE CHILDREN IN BETHLEHEM
WHO ARE YOUNGER THAN 2 YEARS OLD.
THE RESULTING SLAUGHTER IS KNOWN
AS THE MASSACRE OF THE INNOCENTS.
THOUGH HORRIFIC TO CONTEMPLATE, MANY HISTORIANS DOUBT THE STORY
BECAUSE THE ONLY SOURCE YET TO BE FOUND
FOR SUCH A NOTABLE EVENT IS THE BOOK OF MATTHEW.
EV ROM HISRIAN MA NO NTIO
OF WHAT WOULD BE AN UNPRECEDENTED BLOODBATH,
AND SOME CONTEND THE BONES
ARE SIMPLY THE REMAINS OF EARLY CHRISTIAN WORSHIPPERS.
HAYTHAM AND OTHER BIBLICAL SCHOLARS, THOUGH,
BELIEVE THESE BONES ARE THE VICTIMS OF THE MASSACRE
AND PROOF THAT MATTHEW'S GOSPEL IS HISTORICAL FACT.
THEY ARE THE FIRST CHRISTIAN MARTYRS
EVER THAT WERE KILLED FOR THE BLOOD OF JESUS.
'S A REALLY KIND OF DISTURBING SIGHT,
BUT IT IS EXTRAORDINARY.
THANK YOU SO MUCH, HAYTHAM. YOU'RE WELCOME, JOSH.
I APPRECIATE IT. IT'S A REAL PLEASURE.
THANYOU. OKAY. BACK TO THE SURFACE.
THE CHURCH OF THE NATIVITY HAS OFFERED
TANTALIZING NNECTIONS TO THE 1st CENTURY
BUT THERE ARE NO ARTIFACTS THAT TIE IT DIRECTLY TO JESUS,
AND THE HUMAN REMAINS NEBY E UNTTLEAS EDENC
HAYTHAM'S BELIEF, HOWEVER, IS AS CONSTANT
AS THE STAR THE THREE KINGS FOLLOWED 2,000 YEARS AGO.
♪♪
LEAVING BETHLEHEM, I DECIDE TO SADDLE UP
TO PUT THE NATIVITY STORY ROUGH A TEST OF MY OWN.
NOW, 2,000 YEARS LATER, IT IS, OF COURSE,
IMPOSSIBLE TO SCIENTIFICALLY TEST
EVERY ELEMENT OF THE NATIVITY STORY,
BUT WE CAN CERTAINLY TAKE SOME EDUCATED GUESSES.
NOW, I AM NOT, NOR HAVE I EVER BEEN, 9 MONTHS PREGNANT,
BUT I'VE BEEN SITTING ON THIS DONKEY FOR ABOUT A MILE NOW,
AND I CAN TELL YOU, MY BUTT IS ALREADY KILLING ME.
THE IDEA THAT A WOMAN WHO IS SO PREGNANT
SHE'S WITHIN A DAY OF GIVING BIRTH
RIDING CLOSE TO 100 MILES FROM HER HOMETOWN ON A DONKEY
DOES SEEM, WELL, LET'S USE THE WORD UNLIKELY.
NOW, THAT DOESN'T MEAN THE EVENT DIDN'T TAKE PLACE,
BUT SOME ARCHAEOLOGISTS AND HISTORIANS HAVE BEGUN TO SUSPECT
THAT MAYBE THE MOST FAMOUS BIRTH IN HISTORY
TOOK PLACE SOMEWHERE ELSE.
MY CAR IS JUST UP HERE.
COME ON.
I HAUL MY SORE ASS BACK TO MY RENTAL
AND IVE BACK INTO ISEL
FIND ARCHAEOLOGIST AVIR OSHRI.
FOR SO REASON, IA COUNTRY WHERE YOU DRIVE END-TO-E
IN LESS THAN 4 HOURS, HE'S ASKED ME TO MEET HIM
AT AN AIRPORT.
SO I'VE JUST COME FROM THE CHURCH
OF T NATIVITY IN BETHLEHEM,
AND I TAKE IT THAT YOU DO NOT THINK
THIS IS WHERE JESUS WAS BORN.
NO, SOLUTELY NOT. WHY?
ONE OF THE REASON IS THE COMPLETE LACK
OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF INHABITANTS
IN BETHLEHEM, JUDEA.
YEAH. I MEAN, I WAS STRUCK BY THE FACT
THAT THERE DOESN'T SEEM TO BE A LOT OF MATERIAL THERE.
EXACTLY.
SOOU D'T CEPTHIS EA
THAT JESUS WAS BORN IN BETHLEHEM.
NO.
I DOELIE JES WASORN INETHLEM,
BUT THERE IS A SECOND BETHLEHEM.
THERE'S A SECOND BETHLEHEM?
EXACTLY.
I DIDN'T KNOW THERE WAS ANOTHER BETHLEHEM.
THE IS A SECOND ONE IN THE GALILEE.
IN GILEE
GALILEE IS IN NORTRN REGI OF ISRAEL
AND THE PLACE WHERE JESUS WOULD EVENTUALLY
ESTABLISH HIS MINISTRY.
IT ALSO CONTAINS MARY AND JOSEPH'S HOMETOWN OF NAZARETH.
SO WHAT IF INSTEAD OF TRAVELING NEARLY 100 MILES
TO THE ACCEPTED SITE OF BETHLEHEM,
THEY TRAVELED ONLY A FEW MILES TO A LESSER-KNOWN SETTLEMENT
BY THE SAME NAME?
BETHLEHEM OF GALILEE,
AND DID BOTH OF THOSE EXIST AT THE SAME TIME?
AT THE SAME TIME, YEAH.
HOW CONFIDENT ARE YOU
THAT HE'S FROM THIS OTHER BETHLEHEM?
I'M 100% CONVINCED.
-100%? -YEAH.
THE QUESTION IS, HOW DO YOU PROVE IT?
WELL, FOR THAT REASON, WE HAVE THE PLE,
SO L'S GET AIRBORNE, AND I'LL SHOW YOU.
ALL RIGHT. AFTER YOU, PLEASE.
AVIRAM INTENDS TO SCAN BETHLEHEM OF GALILEE
FOR OOF AT HS RIT.
WE BOARD A CESSNA GRAND CARAVAN WHERE ROBIN TERRY IS WAITING.
-HI. -I'M JOSH.
JOSH, HI. I'M RON.
ROBIN, NICE TO MEET YOU.
I'M THE LEADER-OPERATOR FOR THIS FLIGHT TODAY.
RRIF.
AVIRAMYOU LOOK NERVOUS.
Pit: MTOO.
WHO SAID, "ME TOO"?
THE PILOT IS NOT ALLOWED TO SAY THAT.
EVERYBODY ELSE IS ALLOWED TO BE AFRAID.
THAT'S GOOD. THAT'SEASSURING.
Gates: OUR CESSNA IS CLEARED FOR THE RUNWAY.
THE PILOT HITSHE GAS, AND OUR 675-HORSEPOWER ENGINE KICKIN.
WE LIFT F.
NEXT STO..THE NEW BETHLEHEM.
NOW, THIS NGERS-LOING X CK HE, RIN,
I ASSUME THIS HAS SOMETHING TO DO WITH YOU.
AY, WE' GON BE DOING SOME LASER MAPPING.
LIDAR TECHNOLOGY USES LASERS
TO MAP BILONS OF POINTS OF DATA.
THEN ROBIN CAN STRIP AWAY SURFACE LAYERS OF VEGETATION
FROM THE IMAGE TO SHOW THE TRUE TERRAIN UNDERNEATH.
SO, AVIRAM, WHAT'S THE HOPE HERE?
WHAT DO YOU WANT THE LIDAR TO REVEAL?
A WALL? SO WHY WOULD THAT BE SIGNIFICANT?
AND IS THERE A FORTIFICATION WALL
AT THE BETHLEHEM THAT I'VE BEEN TO?
NO? NO.
SO IF THERE'S A WALL AT YOUR SITE,
THAT COULD BE THE REAL BETHLEHEM.
I GOT IT, MAKES SENS
DO WE HAVE ANY HISTORICAL EVIDENCE
OR ANYTHING FROM THE BIBLE THAT INDICATES
THAT JESUS MAY HAVE BEEN BORN HERE?
IT SAYS HE WAS BORN GALILEE?
WHEN EXPLORING MYSTERIES ABOUT JESUS,
I MAKE IT A POLICY TO ALWAYS CARRY A BIBLE WITH ME,
AND IN THIS CASE, IT PAYS OFF.
VERSE 40, "SOME OF THE PEOPLE WERE SAYING,
'THIS IS CERINLY THPROPT.'
OTHERS WERE SAYING, 'THIS IS THE CHRIST.'
OTHERS WERE SAYING, 'BUT SURELY THE CHRIST
IS NOT GOING TO COME FROM GALILEE, IS HE?'"
THIS LITERALLY SAYS THAT JESUS IS FROM GALILEE.
WOW.
I HANO IA TH WAS EVEN IN THE BIBLE.
DIFFERENT GOSPELS TELLING SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT STORIES,
BUT WHICH ONE IS CORRECT?
RIGHT DOWN THERE?
ROBIN, YOUR MOVE.
WE NEED TO COVER THE SITE IN SIPS,IKE WING LAW
BUT THE PLANE DOESN'T HANDLE AS WELL
AS YOUR AVERAGE JOHN DEERE.
WOO-HOO!
Gates: I'M IN ISRAEL WITH ARCHAEOLOGIST AVIRAM OSHRI,
WHO THINKS THAT THE LITTLE TOWN OF BETHLEHEM
FROM JESUS' BIRTSTORY
ISN'T THE ONE MOST OF THE WORLD ACCEPTS
BUT,NSTE, A DIFFERENT CITY BY THE SAME NAME
LOCATED IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GALILEE.
NOW, WE'RE PERFORMING A LIDAR SCAN TO SEE
IF A TELLTALE FORTIFICATION WALL SURROUNDS THE SITE.
BUT OUR PLANE DOES NOT TURN ON A DIME.
Gates: WOO-HOO!
WHO SAID ARCHAEOLOGY WAS BORING?
IT'S DOWNRIGHT TERRIFYING.
[ LAUGHTER ]
Terry: OKAY, GUYS.
IT LOOKS LIKE THE SCAN IS COMPLETE.
OKAY. LET'S GET BACK ON THE GROUND
AND TAKE A LOOK AT THE DATA.
WE TOUCHOWN, AND I'M GRATEFUL
TO SEE IAEL AT EYE LEVEL AGAIN.
OKAY, WHEELSOWN.
ROBIBRIN THEIDARATA TO HIS LABOR ALYSI
WHILWE AIOUS WAIT FOR THE RELT
AVIRAM BRINGS ME TO THE SITE THATE JUST SCANNED FROM ABOVE,
WHAT HE BELIEVES IS BETHLEHEM 2.0.
OKAY, JOSH, PULL IN HERE.
OVER DECE AG AVAM D IN IS AA
AND FOUND THE REMAINS OF A HUGE BYZANTINE-ERA CHURCH
THAT HE THINKS WAS BUILT OVER A SIGNIFICANT SITE,
BUT HE WAS FORCED TO BACKFILL HIS EXCAVATION TO PRESERVE IT.
NOW A BUSY STREET IS RUNNING RIGHT THROUGH
THE FOOTPRINT OF THE BUILDING THAT HE THINKS COULD BE ON TOP
OF THE TRUE SITE OF THE NATIVITY.
OKAY, THIS IS WHERE THE CHURCH WAS, HERE.
OKAY, ABOVE US? ABOVE US.
SO THIS WAS HIGHER THEN? YEAH.
AND DURING THOSE EXCAVATIONS, WHAT DID YOU FIND?
I FOUND ON THE NORTHERN SIDE THE REMAINS OF NORTHERN HOLE
AND THE BAPTISTERY HOLE,
ONE VED WITH A BEAUTIFUL MOSAIC FLOOR
IT'S AN ORNATE STRUCTURE FOR SUCH A SMALL VILLAGE,
SO ITS VERY PRESENCE MAY BE AN INDICATOR OF AN IMPORTANT SITE.
AND SO IN TERMS OF TODAY,
CAN ANY OF THIS CHURCH BE SEEN STL?
IS ANY OF IT EXPOSED?
THERE IS MAYBE ONLY FEW STONES THAT WE CAN DETECT.
OH, LOOK AT AT.
ERE'STON HE ANDERE.
THIS WOULD HAVE CONTINUED UP AND OVER THE ROAD...
YEAH. ...AND BACK THIS WAY?
MM-HMM.
BUT THE CHURCH BY ITSELF WOULDN'T BE ENOUGH TO PROVE
THAT THIS WAS THE BIRTHPLACE.
THE CAVE THAT SERVED AS JESUS' NGER
WOULD HAVE TO BE HERE AS WELL.
WELL, AVIRAM'S FOUND THAT, TOO.
tes:IGHTN HE?
Oshri: THAT'S THE PLACE.
IT WASN'T BIG. UH-HUH.
IT WAS JUST THE REMAINS OF THE CAVE.
AND SO IF YOU'RE RIGHT, HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE
A DAARE IVINBY HE
WHO HAVE NO IDEA THAT THIS COULD BE
ONE THE MOST SIGNIFICANT SITES IN THE WORLD.
YEAH.
THAT PERSON RIGHT THERE, THEY HAVE NO CLUE.
JESUS COULD HAVE BEEN BORN RIGHT HERE.
THEY DON'T KW. IS CLD BIT.
YEAH.
-PLEASE. -L'S G
WHICBRIN US BACK TO THE WALL.
HISTORICAL SOURCES TELL US THAT THE RIGHT BETHLEHEM
WAS SURROUNDED BY A RGE RTIFATIOWALL
AVIRAM CONTENDS THAT THE OTHER BETHLEHEM LACKS THIS WALL,
AND WHILE THE LIDAR WILL TELL US MORE ABOUT THIS PLACE,
AVIRAM HAS ALREADY FOUND AN INTRIGUG HI.
TH IS PARTF THWALL WE'VFOUND.
AHA! LOOK AT THAT, AMAZING!
I MEAN, A PROPER WALL,
REALLY WELL-PRESERVED IN HERE, TOO.
TH IS OM T RIG TIM YOTHINK?
YEAH. IT'S BYZANTINE.
Gates: THERE'S NO DOUBT THIS IS AN IMPRESSIVE WALL,
BUT IS IT OUR FORTIFICATION WALL,
AND DID IT SURROUND THE ONE TRUE BETHLEHEM?
MOREALL,ND IT KEEPS GOING THROH RE.
[ LLONE RING] UH-H.
THEY HAVE THE LIDAR RELTS.
THEY HAVE THEM? YEAH, THEY HAVE THEM.
YEAH, OKAY. COMEN. LET'S GO.
WE PEEL OUT OF T SITE AND D TORD T LAB
WHE RON'S AM S ANYZEDHE LAR DATA.
WH WE'RE SEEING HERE IS THE TOPOGRAPHY
PLUS THE VEGETATION.
SO WITH THE VEGETATION,
IT'S VERY HARD TO DETECT ANYTHING.
NOW, LET'S JUST TAKE THE VEGETATION OFF.
OH HO! LOOK AT THAT!
THAT IS A WALLIGHTHERE
AND SO WE WERE ABLE TO SEE PART OF THAT IN THE FIELD.
THE QUESTION IS, HOW BIG IT IS.
COULD IT BE A FORTIFICATN WA?
SO CAN WE SEE IF IT CONTINUES TO THE NORTH OR THE SOUTH?
YEAH. IT GOES ON DOWN SOUTH.
AND THEN AT HPENSO IT
THERE IS SOMETHI HER
WEEE SETHI HER AT IS THIS?
I THINK THE WALL CONTINUES HERE.
YOTHINK IT TURNS. IT KEEPS GOING TO THE EAST.
YEAH.
I THINK THIS IS WHERE THE GATE OF THE CITY WAS.
IT MAY BE THAT IT TURNED THERE.
IT DOES LOOK LIKE THE SAME STONE PILES
WE'RE SEEING IN THE WALL.
SO THERE'S SOME EVIDENCE ON HERE
THAT IT MIGHT GO TO THE EAST,
T THWHOLTHINHAS EN VELED AND BUILT OVER.
SO FINAL ANALYSIS, WHAT DO YOU THINK?
SO I THINK WE HAVE A LOT OF REASONS TO DIG HERE.
NOW WE HAVE TO EXCAVATE.
OK, WELL, I LOOK FORWARD TO COMING BACK
AND SEEING WHAT'S UNDER THE GROUND HERE.
ME T. THANKS VERY MUCH, AVIRAM.
THANK YOU, GUYS, SO MUCH.
I REALLY APPRECIATE IT.
Gates: AVIRAM IS DEAD SURE HE'S FOUND
THE GENUINE SITE OF THE NATIVITY,
ANTHOU IT LL TAKE A LOT MORE INVESTIGATING,
THE PROOF HE'S SEARCHING FOR MIGHT ONLY BE ONE SHOVEL AWAY.
I WISH HIM LUCK AND MAKE MY WAY BACK TO THE CAR TO INVESTIGATE
A THIRD AND FIL CONTENDER
FOR THE TRUE BIRTHPLACE OF JESUS.
AVIRAM'S THEORY ABOUT BETHLEHEM 2.0 IS INTRIGUING,
BUT THE FACT IS, FOR AS FAMOUS A NAME AS BETHLEHEM IS,
IT'S ONLY MENTIONED TWICE IN THE ENTIRE NEW TESTAMENT.
TWO OF THE GOSPELS DON'T MENTION IT AT ALL,
BUT THERE IS ANOTHER TOWN THAT'S MENTIONED A LOT IN THE BIBLE,
A PLACE THAT IS SO ASSOCIATED WITH CHRIST
THAT IT'S PRACTICALLY ATTACHED TO HIS NAME.
HE'S NOT JUST JESUS.
HE'S JESUS OF...
I PULL INTO NAZARETH FEELING ABOUT HALF PAST DEAD,
BUT INSTEAD OFAKINA LO OFF
I TAKE A WALK AROUND THE REMARKABLE CITY
WHERE JESUS GREW UP.
NAZARETH IS WHERE JESUS SPENT HIS CHILDHOOD YEARS.
IN FACT, IT MAY BE ONE OF THE ONLY THINGS THAT WE CAN SAY
FOR SURE ABOUT HIS EARLY LIFE, BUT MODERN NAZARETH
PROBABLY ISN'T ANYTHING LIKE YOU'D EXPECT.
SURE, IT HAS OLD-WORLD MARKETS,
BUT, REALLY, THIS IS A MODERN, BUSTLING CITY
WITH A POPULATION OF 75,000 PEOPLE
D THLARGT AR POPATIO ALLF ISRAEL.
NOW, IF YOU WANT TO SEE THE NAZARETH OF THE BIBLE,
YOU NEED TO LOOK DOWN.
THE NAZARETH OF JESUS' TIME SITS ON SOLID BEDROCK,
BURIED ABOUT 10 FEET UNDERGROUND,
BUT A FEW YEARS AGO,
ARCHAEOLOGISTS DISCOVERED SOMETHING EXTRAORDINARY.
I'M INSIDE AN ANCIENT SILO,
A ROCK-CUT CHAMBER USED FOR STORING FOOD
AND ABOVE IT... CHECK IT OUT.
♪♪
THIS SUBTERRANEAN ROOM OPENS UP INTO THE BASEMENT OF A DWELLING
BUT NOT JUST ANY DWELLING -- THE VERY FIRST HOME IN NAZARETH
EVER EXCAVATED FROM THE TIME OF JESUS.
Gates: THE MARKETS OF JERUSALEM CATER TO PILGRIMS OF ALL FAITHS,
BUT WHAT IF I'M SHOPPING FOR A NEW CAREER?
WE, TURNS OUT THEY'VE GOT ME COVERED.
HELLO. THIS IS YOUR SHOP?
TH IS MY SHO ALL OF THESE SHOPS?
YES, ALL OF IT. TERRIFIC.
WHERE DO YOU COME FROM, SIR?
I COME FROM USA. USA?
CAN I BE AN ACTOR ONE DAY, MAYBE?
YOU WANT TO BE AN ACTOR?
WELL, MY FRIEND, THEY SAY'M AOOD TOR.
REALLY? YEAH.
LET ME SEE SAD.
LET ME SEE SCARED.
YOGOT E PA.
U'VEON AOB HOSTING THE SHOW.
I TAKE IT AS A COMPLIMENT.
I'M GOING TO WORK HERE NOW, AND YOU'LL DO THIS.
GOOD LUCK. THANK YOU.
YOU CAN HAVE THE HAT. HERE YOU GO.
ALL GHT. ANLET SEEOW ILOOKS.
I'LL JUST BE HERE AT THE SHOP. GOOD LUCK.
ALL RIGHT. THANK YOU.
GOOD LUCK. FOLLOW HIM AROUND NOW, GUYS.
THAT WAY.
I'LL JUST BE HERE.
HALF OFF, EVERYTHING IS HALF OFF!
Gates: IN SEARCH OF THE TRUTH
BEHIND THE STORY OF JESUSBIRTH,
I'VE EXAMINED THE CHURCH OF THE NATIVITIN BETHLEHEM
AND SCANNED A SECOND SITE
PURPORTED TO BE E REAL PLACE WHE WASORN.
W I'EXPLING HIS HOMETOWN OF ZARE,
WHERE ARCHAEOLOGISTS RECENTLY UNEARTHED A UNUE DWELLING.
BUT NOT JUST ANY DWELLING -- THE VERY FIRST HE INAZARH
EVER EXCAVATED FROM THE TIME OF JESUS.
THE FIND REVEALED FOR THE FIRST TIME
WHAT LIFE MIGHT HAVE BEEN LIKE FOR THE YOUNG FAMILY OF THREE
THAT CAME HOME FROM THAT MANGER.
ARCHAEOLOGISTS FOUND POTTERY AND HER ARTIFACTS,
A PORTRAIT OF THIS MODEST VILLAGE
THAT HAD A VERY SPECIAL KID PLAYING ITS STREETS.
WHAT'S TRULY INCREDIBLE ABOUT THIS PLACE
ISN'T ITS GRANDEUR BUT RATHER ITS MODESTY.
THE REAL NAZARETH WAS A TINY JEWISH VILLAGE,
PROBABLY 40 OR 50 SMALL BRICK-LINED HOUSES LIKE THIS.
NAZARETH DOESN'T EVEN SHOW UP ON A PROPER MAP
UNTIL 300 YEARS AFTER JESUS DIES.
IN A TOWN THAT SMALL, FOR ALL WE KNO
SUS MSELF COULD HAVE WALKED INSIDE THIS VERY HOUSE,
BUT THE MORE THAT YOU LEARN
ABOUT THE REAL, HISTORIC NAZARETH,
THE MORE THAT THE MYSTERIES ABOUT THE BIRTH OF JESUS
COME INTO FOCUS.
♪♪
THE STORY OF JESUS DOESN'T TUAL BEG WITHIS RTH.
IT BEGINS WHEN THE ANGEL GABRIEL INFORMS MARY
THAT SHE'S CARRYING THE CHILD OF GOD.
THIS IS KNOWN AS THE ANNUNCIATION,
AND NOT ONLY IS THERE A CHURCH HERE TO MARK
THE OCCASION, THERE ARE TWO.
ERE'A HU BASICA AT T SIT
WHERHELE BELIEVED IT TOOK PLACE,
AND IF THAT'S NOT TO YOUR LIKING,
THERE'S A SECOND SHRINE WHERE THE GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH
HOLDS THAT THE BLESSED EVENT REALLY HAPPENED,
AND THAT'S WHERE I MEET DR. UZI DARI..
DR. DAHARI. HI.
NI TO MEET YOU.
...AN ARCHAEOLOGIST WHO THINKS THAT NAZARETH
WAS THE SITE OF MORE THAN JUST THE ANNUNCIION.
SO LET'S TALK ABOUT THE BIRTH OF JESUS.
I'VE BEEN TO NOT ONE BUT TWO BETHLEHEMS NOW,
AND WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THIS IDEA
THAT JESUS WAS BORN IN BETHLEHEM?
DO YOU THINK THERE'S ANY HISTORY TO SUPPORT THAT?
. U DOT?
NO. I DON'T THINK SO.
WHERE DO YOU THINK WASORN?
SOMEWHERE IN NAZARETH?
OKAY. WE'RE GOING TO NEED A BIGGER HEADLINE.
UNLIKE THE OTHER ARCHAEOLOGISTS I'VE MET WITH,
DR. DAHARI DOESN'T BELIEVE JESUS WAS BORN IN BETHLEHEM
AT ALL, NOT THE ONE IN JUDEA, NOT THE ONE IN GALEE
BUT RIGHT HERE IN NAZARETH.
RIGHT, AND ONE OF THE OTHER STORIES
THAT I THINK SO MANY OF US KNOW
IS THE IDEA THAT THE REASON THAT HE'S BORN IN BETHLEHEM
IS BECAUSE THERE'S THIS TAX CENSUS.
THE ANYVIDEE THAT A CENSUS LIKE THIS
EV TOOPLAC
THE ONLY KNOWN CENSUS IN THAT TIME WAS AROUND 6 AD,
WELL AFTER THE BIRTH OF JESUS.
THE IDEA THAT EVERYBODY WOULD HAVE TO GO BACK
TO THE PLACE THEY WERE BORN TO BE TAXED
SEEMS LIKE A PRETTY CRAZY SYSTEM.
THERE'S NO REAL EVENCE THAT ROMANS EVER REQUIRED
PEOPLE TO ROAD-TRIP TO THEIR HOMETOWNS TO BE TAXED.
INSTEAD, DR. DAHARI BELIEVES THAT THE TAX CENSUS
WAS A KIND OF PLOT DEVICE BY LATER AUTHORS
WHO WERE TRYING TO RECONCILE JESUS' BIRTH STORY
WITH OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECIES OF WHO THE MESSIAH NEEDED TO BE.
FOR EXAMPLE, THE MESSIAH WAS THOUGHT TO BE FROM THE HOUSE
OF THE GREAT JEWISH LEADER KING DAVID
WHO WAS BORN IN, YOU GUESSED IT, BETHLEHEM.
IF WE CAN CONNECT HIM TO DAV,
THEN HE IS THE SORT OF RIGHTFUL HEIR.
WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT WHAT A KIND OF HUMBLE PLACE
NAZARETH WAS, THE IDEA THAT HE WAS BORN HERE
DOES MAKE THE MOST SENSE.
RIGHT.
CONSIDER THIS -- FROM THE TIME OF HIS BIRTH UNTIL HIS BAPTISM
BY JOHN AROUND 30 YEARS LATER, JESUS LIVED HERE IN NAZARETH
ALL BUT THE LAST THREE YEARS OF HIS LIFE,
AND THE ONLY THING THE BIBLE TELLS US
ABOUT THIS ENTIRE PERIOD IS ONE STORY
OF A TEENAGE JESUS GETTING LOST ON A TRIP TO JERUSALEM.
THAT'S IT.
IT'S THE HUMBLENESS OF JESUS
AND THE SIMPLICITY OF H LIF
THAT CAUSES THIS MYSTERY BECAUSE NOBODY REALLY,
IN HIS TIME, WROTE DOWN ANYTHING ABOUT HIM.
RIGHT.
RIGHT.
WITH DR. DAHARI'S WORDS,
I'M ONCE AGAIN REMINDED OF THE REMARKABLE FACT
THAT JESUS, THE CENTRAL FIGURE IN 2 MILLENNIA OF HUMAN HISTORY,
WAS, IN HIS OWN TIME, SIMPLY A MAN AMONG MEN.
WHEN THAT CHANGED, MANY OF THE DETAILS OF HIS EARLY LIFE
HAD ALREADY BEEN LOST.
HAVING HEARD THREE DIFFERENT THEORIES
ABOUT THE LOCATION OF JESUS' BIRTH,
IT DOES SEEM THAT THE SIMPLEST STORIS THE LIKIEST,
THAT HE WAS BORN WHERE HE GREW UP --
HERE IN NAZARETH.
THE SEARCH FOR THE HISTORIC TRUTH AROUND JESUS' BIRTH
AND EARLY LIFE HAS TURNED UP SINCERE DIFFERENCES OF OPINI
AND SOME CONTRADICTING LITURGY.
BUT WHAT'S REMARKABLE IS THE UNIVERSAL DESIRE,
EN AER 2,000 YRS,
TO KNOW MORE ABOUT THE MAN NAMED JESUS CHRIST.
HIS HISTORY MAY ALWAYS REMAIN SOMETHING OF A MYSTERY,
BUT THE MOST FUNDAMENTAL OF HIS TEACHINGS ARE AS CLEAR
AS WHEN THEY WERE FIRST WRITTEN DOWN HERE IN THE 1st CENTURY --
LOVE THY NEIGHBOR AS THYLF, CAREOR T WEAST ANG U
AND STAND FOR THE DIGNITY OF ALL.
WHETHER HISTORIC OR DIVINE,
IT'S A MESSAGE THAT'S WORTH FOLLOWING.
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