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I wish not for the death of errants,
but for their return to the right path.
4
00:00:37,667 --> 00:00:43,000
I am not here for vengeance,
but to gather, with a loving heart,
5
00:00:44,042 --> 00:00:48,999
those willing to join
in the betterment of the Nation.
6
00:00:51,458 --> 00:00:55,875
Seeing the representatives
of all Romanians,
7
00:00:55,999 --> 00:00:59,417
from Nistru to Tisa,
from Hotin to the sea,
8
00:00:59,542 --> 00:01:03,542
from Boian to Vatra Dornei,
from Sătmar to Săcele,
9
00:01:05,125 --> 00:01:10,417
I think with respect
of the 800.000 dead
10
00:01:10,625 --> 00:01:14,417
in Transylvania,
Bukovina and Bessarabia,
11
00:01:14,500 --> 00:01:17,667
who, with their blood,
have forever cemented
12
00:01:17,792 --> 00:01:20,625
the unification of the Country.
13
00:01:23,999 --> 00:01:28,250
Let us all work together
14
00:01:28,417 --> 00:01:31,667
for our dearest possession:
our Country.
15
00:01:31,833 --> 00:01:37,000
Romanians all over,
join your thoughts and hearts!
16
00:01:37,125 --> 00:01:39,042
Forward, to our labour!
17
00:01:40,477 --> 00:01:51,366
THE DEAD NATION
- fragments of parallel lives -
18
00:01:54,083 --> 00:01:56,500
Long live our King,
19
00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:05,125
In peace and honour,
20
00:02:05,375 --> 00:02:11,750
He is our country's banner,
21
00:02:11,917 --> 00:02:17,792
For him with joy we sing!
22
00:02:18,500 --> 00:02:21,917
May he lead us ahead
23
00:02:30,208 --> 00:02:38,625
May his fame always spread
24
00:02:39,167 --> 00:02:44,042
For victory in wars!...
25
00:03:19,792 --> 00:03:24,375
In the '30s, photographer
Costică Acsinte opens his own studio,
26
00:03:24,500 --> 00:03:28,667
"Foto Splendid",
in South-Eastern Romania.
27
00:03:49,750 --> 00:03:54,542
Our Legion proud
By oath is bound
28
00:03:54,708 --> 00:03:58,583
The price in blood to pay.
29
00:03:58,875 --> 00:04:03,375
The sacrifices made,
The strength of blades
30
00:04:03,583 --> 00:04:06,417
Will lead to our victory day!
31
00:04:08,042 --> 00:04:12,458
Dear heroes watch over us,
32
00:04:13,750 --> 00:04:18,917
Guiding the Legion on its way.
A brave death is all we want,
33
00:04:22,417 --> 00:04:26,917
For it to Them we pray.
34
00:04:31,542 --> 00:04:39,667
At the end of 1937, in Bucharest,
Dr. Emil Dorian starts keeping a journal.
35
00:04:41,542 --> 00:04:43,083
December 30th.
36
00:04:43,375 --> 00:04:48,458
A bolt from the blue:
Goga is now Prime Minister.
37
00:04:48,583 --> 00:04:52,999
No one expected it.
38
00:04:53,833 --> 00:04:56,625
The Jews are expecting disaster.
39
00:04:56,750 --> 00:05:02,667
We see the fruits
of anti-Semitic nationalism,
40
00:05:02,833 --> 00:05:05,917
supported for years by all the parties.
41
00:05:06,625 --> 00:05:11,833
Goga will enforce
his racist convictions.
42
00:05:11,999 --> 00:05:18,125
Several newspapers were closed
because Goga wanted vengeance.
43
00:05:19,958 --> 00:05:21,999
The collapse is general.
44
00:05:22,708 --> 00:05:27,417
People expect the same measures
introduced by Hitler in Germany.
45
00:05:58,500 --> 00:06:02,958
January 6th.
A sad observation:
46
00:06:03,667 --> 00:06:09,792
People don't need freedom.
It makes them sterile.
47
00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:17,042
But collective discipline
gives them peace.
48
00:06:23,875 --> 00:06:26,625
January 14th.
It finally happened:
49
00:06:27,208 --> 00:06:31,000
I was fired from
Social Insurance for being a Jew.
50
00:06:31,208 --> 00:06:37,292
Newspapers boys announce:
"No More Jewish Doctors in Insurance!"
51
00:06:40,042 --> 00:06:43,500
Victory is theirs,
nationalism has won.
52
00:06:44,167 --> 00:06:46,667
I took it rather calmly.
53
00:06:46,750 --> 00:06:50,250
I'd have preferred fewer calls of sympathy.
54
00:07:16,208 --> 00:07:17,917
January 25th.
55
00:07:18,125 --> 00:07:23,083
The TB Hospital
has a single Jewish patient.
56
00:07:25,958 --> 00:07:30,792
Prompted by an employee
of the Universul newspaper,
57
00:07:30,958 --> 00:07:36,042
the Christian patients petitioned
for the Jew to be thrown out.
58
00:07:39,292 --> 00:07:44,250
The most insulting
measure against Jews
59
00:07:44,417 --> 00:07:47,042
is the reappraisal of citizenship.
60
00:07:47,167 --> 00:07:52,999
The Jews shouldn't accept it.
Citizenship is definitive.
61
00:07:54,542 --> 00:07:57,958
How inept,
to reconsider such an act,
62
00:07:58,042 --> 00:08:02,000
which has created enduring identities!
63
00:08:05,625 --> 00:08:10,542
One million people
are slapped in the face,
64
00:08:10,708 --> 00:08:15,125
forced to travel all over the country
for documents,
65
00:08:15,250 --> 00:08:19,625
and to accept the 20-day deadline.
66
00:08:22,250 --> 00:08:28,458
If I knew my family was safe,
I would refuse to go.
67
00:08:28,625 --> 00:08:34,583
What is the value of citizenship if
any Minister can suspend it?
68
00:08:50,250 --> 00:08:57,167
Our King has given an interview.
He was very honest.
69
00:08:59,333 --> 00:09:02,500
He assures that
there will be no pogrom,
70
00:09:03,167 --> 00:09:08,625
but Jews could make it easier
by leaving Romania willingly.
71
00:09:23,583 --> 00:09:25,000
August 15th.
72
00:09:25,375 --> 00:09:30,208
22 years ago today,
the waters of an age were parted.
73
00:09:34,250 --> 00:09:42,583
I crossed a country at war.
I was torn between poetry and reality.
74
00:09:42,999 --> 00:09:46,292
I couldn't overcome
an adolescence of deprivation.
75
00:09:46,417 --> 00:09:49,292
Those events still echo inside me.
76
00:09:51,667 --> 00:09:56,458
What became of the orphaned nurse
who swore she would kill
77
00:09:56,625 --> 00:10:00,417
the man who starts the next war?
78
00:10:01,625 --> 00:10:06,292
Or the sick peasant
who shouted:
79
00:10:06,458 --> 00:10:09,500
"I'll stab the man
who sent Dad off to die!"
80
00:10:11,042 --> 00:10:16,417
Or the wounded magistrate
who moaned:
81
00:10:16,583 --> 00:10:21,042
"Doctor, the Country is sacred,
but my life is more sacred!"
82
00:10:21,167 --> 00:10:24,667
"Kill me if the Country couldn't!"
83
00:10:25,750 --> 00:10:31,667
And that Bavarian boy, who,
after days of starving,
84
00:10:31,750 --> 00:10:37,625
when asked for information
on the German troops, screamed:
85
00:10:37,750 --> 00:10:43,208
"For bread I'll sell
my country and the Emperor!"
86
00:10:44,333 --> 00:10:51,500
And others I met at the crossroads
of tears, hunger, blood and death.
87
00:10:53,833 --> 00:10:57,667
How to live with
these memories for 25 years,
88
00:10:57,792 --> 00:11:00,625
while criminals plan
those horrors again?
89
00:11:03,999 --> 00:11:10,042
My daughters
are dancing in the next room,
90
00:11:10,208 --> 00:11:15,667
while on the radio
a girl has announced
91
00:11:15,750 --> 00:11:19,417
all the horrors of death
from all over the world.
92
00:11:26,833 --> 00:11:32,792
November 30th.
New events confirm the rumours
93
00:11:34,042 --> 00:11:37,125
about synagogues burning
across the country.
94
00:11:37,875 --> 00:11:41,583
Yesterday's assassination
of a University Rector,
95
00:11:41,999 --> 00:11:46,083
the bombing of a Jewish play
in a theatre
96
00:11:46,208 --> 00:11:50,750
and the shooting of Codreanu
and other Legionnaires (fascists).
97
00:11:50,917 --> 00:11:56,458
Officially, they tried to escape
98
00:11:58,125 --> 00:12:01,292
and were all shot to death
because of the fog.
99
00:12:03,917 --> 00:12:06,667
It's still the Jews who
worry most about the future.
100
00:12:07,999 --> 00:12:13,208
Tragic experience has taught them
they must be the scapegoats.
101
00:12:14,417 --> 00:12:18,458
You fight bravely
For our goal
102
00:12:23,542 --> 00:12:27,708
To end our country's misery!
103
00:12:32,667 --> 00:12:40,750
Free us poor peasants
From our toils and misery,
104
00:12:41,833 --> 00:12:49,042
For dirty Jews and thieves
Suck our lifeblood ceaselessly.
105
00:13:16,625 --> 00:13:17,958
January 2nd.
106
00:13:18,083 --> 00:13:22,208
Historian Iorga gives statistics
of doctors' ethnicities,
107
00:13:22,292 --> 00:13:25,958
concluding that Jewish doctors
are more numerous.
108
00:13:26,042 --> 00:13:31,583
We still have
too few doctors for the country's needs.
109
00:13:32,999 --> 00:13:38,583
Fire them, hang them! Fine.
110
00:13:42,292 --> 00:13:44,875
What I find criminal is his claim
111
00:13:45,042 --> 00:13:50,292
that Romania's sanitary situation
is caused by the Jewish doctors.
112
00:13:50,458 --> 00:13:55,042
People with common sense
know this is abominable.
113
00:13:55,167 --> 00:13:58,625
But the others...
114
00:14:12,625 --> 00:14:14,125
Things are progressing fast.
115
00:14:14,625 --> 00:14:21,208
Now there's a single, Fascist Party
and it will run for Parliament.
116
00:14:21,750 --> 00:14:26,000
They have a uniform;
the Roman salute is now obligatory.
117
00:14:26,208 --> 00:14:28,000
The rest will follow.
118
00:15:24,625 --> 00:15:27,583
September 1st.
The war has started.
119
00:15:27,833 --> 00:15:36,292
Hitler has attacked Poland
and annexed Danzig.
120
00:15:40,333 --> 00:15:44,917
Death is getting close.
121
00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:50,125
People were fine with the murders
in China - it was all so far.
122
00:16:06,250 --> 00:16:07,792
September 21st.
123
00:16:08,167 --> 00:16:11,792
Legionnaires (fascists)
have shot the Prime Minister.
124
00:16:12,625 --> 00:16:16,625
It was announced on the radio,
125
00:16:16,708 --> 00:16:20,000
probably by a Legionnaire
who had entered by force.
126
00:16:27,292 --> 00:16:30,333
September 24th.
Arrests and executions.
127
00:16:30,833 --> 00:16:36,625
There were many more executions
than announced.
128
00:16:40,042 --> 00:16:44,792
Dead Legionnaires were exposed
in public squares.
129
00:16:45,500 --> 00:16:50,667
In Bucharest people flocked to see
the bodies exposed
130
00:16:51,083 --> 00:16:53,750
where the Prime Minister was murdered.
131
00:16:55,083 --> 00:16:59,000
A girl I know asked her father,
132
00:16:59,125 --> 00:17:03,333
instead of ice cream,
to let her see the bodies.
133
00:17:08,583 --> 00:17:10,083
December 31st.
134
00:17:10,333 --> 00:17:15,917
All hearts tremble, less for the past,
than for the next year.
135
00:17:21,625 --> 00:17:26,375
The cheap emotion of tradition
turns dramatic.
136
00:17:26,500 --> 00:17:30,708
This time, "What next?"
truly echoes in our hearts.
137
00:17:31,625 --> 00:17:33,292
What next?
138
00:17:53,208 --> 00:18:00,792
I warmly wish my country,
as is the habit, "Happy New Year!"
139
00:18:02,875 --> 00:18:04,500
Good tidings!
140
00:18:37,167 --> 00:18:41,333
June 28th.
History is getting closer.
141
00:18:42,333 --> 00:18:48,917
Lightning has struck: the Soviet demand
Bessarabia and northern Bukovina.
142
00:18:49,000 --> 00:18:54,917
Germany and Italy don't support us.
143
00:18:55,042 --> 00:18:59,875
The Crown Council accepted
Russia's demands.
144
00:19:06,250 --> 00:19:10,750
A minute of silence
leaves our country breathless
145
00:19:10,875 --> 00:19:16,458
at the supreme moment when
Bessarabia is ripped from its body.
146
00:19:33,792 --> 00:19:38,125
In the land stolen from us,
147
00:19:38,333 --> 00:19:44,500
sons of Judas whom we raised too kindly
rejoice in the streets.
148
00:19:44,750 --> 00:19:48,292
See them laugh, while
the Motherland bleeds!
149
00:19:59,542 --> 00:20:04,208
June 30th.
Jews are increasingly resented.
150
00:20:05,500 --> 00:20:09,875
People say they welcomed
the Russians in Bukovina and Bessarabia.
151
00:20:09,999 --> 00:20:15,708
The radio in Rome spreads huge lies.
152
00:20:18,083 --> 00:20:22,500
They claimed 3.000 Jews
manifested at the Soviet embassy
153
00:20:22,625 --> 00:20:25,333
convincing the Russians
to ask for Bessarabia.
154
00:20:25,417 --> 00:20:31,000
Now they claim Bukovinan Jews threw
stones at withdrawing Romanian soldiers.
155
00:20:31,250 --> 00:20:35,000
The scapegoat hunt begins.
156
00:20:35,583 --> 00:20:40,958
Today, Jewish students of Medicine
were prevented from taking their exams.
157
00:21:05,125 --> 00:21:06,250
July 16th.
158
00:21:06,625 --> 00:21:12,792
There are unbelievable rumours
of crimes on trains.
159
00:21:12,999 --> 00:21:18,375
The soldiers' pogrom against
their comrades seems inexplicable.
160
00:21:19,708 --> 00:21:24,917
We know what happened during
the retreat from Bessarabia and Bukovina.
161
00:21:25,083 --> 00:21:30,917
Formerly persecuted Communists
and withdrawing soldiers caused destruction,
162
00:21:31,125 --> 00:21:35,958
and the remaining population
may have acted violently.
163
00:21:36,083 --> 00:21:39,750
This is all common
in exceptional times.
164
00:21:39,999 --> 00:21:44,500
I can understand soldiers
acting cruelly out of frustration.
165
00:21:44,625 --> 00:21:49,458
But killing Jews like dogs
in a peaceful Romanian town
166
00:21:49,708 --> 00:21:53,792
is an act of unimaginable savagery.
167
00:21:55,917 --> 00:22:01,625
But let's say, in some village
full of poor Jews,
168
00:22:01,792 --> 00:22:05,167
recent vexations led to serious deeds.
169
00:22:06,999 --> 00:22:13,208
How to explain cold-blooded murder
against loyal Jewish military men?
170
00:22:16,667 --> 00:22:20,542
How can a soldier throw his comrade
out of a running train?
171
00:22:20,708 --> 00:22:24,583
These aren't some wild boys
172
00:22:24,667 --> 00:22:27,750
having fun ripping
dirty Jewish beards.
173
00:22:27,875 --> 00:22:33,292
This is the assassination of
innocent people,
174
00:22:33,999 --> 00:22:37,333
though offended by the law,
soon to face starvation.
175
00:22:37,500 --> 00:22:41,750
How can they still
conscript Jewish soldiers?
176
00:22:41,917 --> 00:22:46,125
Is it cynicism, or a trap
to carry out the massacre?
177
00:22:53,458 --> 00:22:57,750
August 1st.
Today I lost my last means of survival.
178
00:22:58,792 --> 00:23:05,375
The bank whose physician I was
fired me, citing national reorganisation.
179
00:23:07,083 --> 00:23:10,917
I only had 15 days' warning.
180
00:23:23,500 --> 00:23:24,750
August 9th.
181
00:23:25,167 --> 00:23:31,458
Many Christians don't understand
the Jews' humiliation as new pariahs.
182
00:23:31,625 --> 00:23:35,625
Lovinescu told me the law
was "liberal and fair".
183
00:23:37,833 --> 00:23:41,875
Only a poet married to a Jew
told me today:
184
00:23:41,999 --> 00:23:45,042
"What does Hitler
have against you all?"
185
00:23:45,125 --> 00:23:48,667
"He asks any friendly country
to give you grief."
186
00:23:48,792 --> 00:23:55,000
The Jews already tell jokes
about their wretched destiny.
187
00:23:55,167 --> 00:23:59,333
One goes: Christians have
3 new ways to address us -
188
00:23:59,542 --> 00:24:03,542
"Mr. dirty Jew", "You dirty Jew",
and "Fuck off, dirty Jew",
189
00:24:03,667 --> 00:24:07,125
by the 3 categories
of Jews defined by the law.
190
00:24:16,792 --> 00:24:17,917
August 21st.
191
00:24:18,083 --> 00:24:23,000
Is no one ashamed to read
the recent speeches
192
00:24:23,167 --> 00:24:26,208
of H. O. Roth and
the Minister of Propaganda?
193
00:24:26,792 --> 00:24:34,625
The Saxon dared rebuke the country
in the name of the German minority,
194
00:24:36,542 --> 00:24:39,333
and the Romanian Minister
answered humbly:
195
00:24:39,417 --> 00:24:44,958
"Germans here are on par
with the Romanians."
196
00:25:04,792 --> 00:25:06,167
September 15th.
197
00:25:06,458 --> 00:25:12,000
Romania is now a Legionnaire state!
198
00:25:12,125 --> 00:25:17,625
Many MPs are Legionnaires:
Horia Sima rules the Council of Ministers.
199
00:25:17,750 --> 00:25:23,000
The Legion is the only
recognised political movement,
200
00:25:23,292 --> 00:25:29,000
meant "to improve Romania's
morals and creative powers".
201
00:25:29,208 --> 00:25:33,167
Gen. Antonescu is the head
of the Legionnaire regime.
202
00:25:40,250 --> 00:25:41,625
September 30th.
203
00:25:43,917 --> 00:25:48,625
The Medical College has excluded
all Jewish doctors.
204
00:25:49,625 --> 00:25:55,833
Now they can only treat Jews,
while Christian doctors can treat anyone,
205
00:25:55,958 --> 00:26:01,375
because the Legionnaire principle says
206
00:26:01,583 --> 00:26:05,625
to take money from Jews,
but never give them any.
207
00:26:16,917 --> 00:26:20,833
October 8th.
The latest events:
208
00:26:21,333 --> 00:26:26,708
Great Legionnaire manifestation;
German troops in the country.
209
00:26:28,083 --> 00:26:32,458
Antonescu is wrong to put on
the fascist Green Shirt.
210
00:26:37,958 --> 00:26:41,708
Gen. Antonescu
now wears the Green Shirt!
211
00:26:42,333 --> 00:26:45,708
In his soul,
he has worn it for a long time.
212
00:26:46,250 --> 00:26:48,125
Long live Gen. Antonescu!
213
00:27:11,999 --> 00:27:17,417
Since we are of the same mind,
I ask you, Legionnaires,
214
00:27:20,292 --> 00:27:25,292
to follow me, before the Heavens,
in reciting your oath:
215
00:27:31,125 --> 00:27:32,542
For the Captain
216
00:27:34,875 --> 00:27:36,417
and for our Nation,
217
00:27:37,208 --> 00:27:38,708
before the King
218
00:27:39,875 --> 00:27:41,125
and the General,
219
00:27:42,375 --> 00:27:45,333
we pledge to lay down our life
220
00:27:50,333 --> 00:27:55,042
to create a people and a country
like the holy Sun in the sky!
221
00:28:08,083 --> 00:28:09,333
October 22nd.
222
00:28:09,917 --> 00:28:16,458
The weariness of years
boils over like a powerless cry.
223
00:28:16,792 --> 00:28:23,542
It sometimes weighs on me,
in a world of merciless disaster.
224
00:28:25,708 --> 00:28:30,708
So much darkness
in this hateful century.
225
00:28:30,917 --> 00:28:34,000
No wonder destructions will follow.
226
00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:49,458
In the week of mystical exaltation
celebrating the Legionnaire Captain as a saint,
227
00:28:50,833 --> 00:28:57,083
Emil Cioran stated on the radio that,
between Romania and the Captain,
228
00:28:57,208 --> 00:29:00,125
he would have chosen
the Captain in a blink.
229
00:29:00,292 --> 00:29:09,542
There were also executions:
Prof. Iorga, Madgearu, Iamandi, Gen. Argeșanu,
230
00:29:11,167 --> 00:29:15,042
and about 65 other political prisoners.
231
00:29:27,542 --> 00:29:35,583
Legionnaire youth, so sacred,
Souls pure as snow, steely limbs,
232
00:29:35,750 --> 00:29:43,583
Wild and free like winds in April,
Thoughts as clear as mountain springs.
233
00:29:43,833 --> 00:29:51,625
Our hands lift forever skyward
The new century's pure bud,
234
00:29:51,750 --> 00:29:58,999
Raised with rock, fire, water's power,
Cemented with Dacian blood!
235
00:29:59,208 --> 00:30:06,042
The Guard and the Captain
Turn us into hawks of iron,
236
00:30:07,125 --> 00:30:13,375
The Country, the Captain,
And the Archangel Michael!
237
00:30:14,583 --> 00:30:15,833
December 25th.
238
00:30:16,125 --> 00:30:19,583
Christmas. Wilted, sterile.
No book.
239
00:30:19,958 --> 00:30:24,000
Can't write a single line.
Huge snow, blocked roads.
240
00:30:25,000 --> 00:30:28,375
I'm so numb
I can hardly write this.
241
00:30:29,042 --> 00:30:36,500
Legionnaire death, weapon in our hand,
Is to us the dearest of all brides,
242
00:30:36,833 --> 00:30:43,000
For the Cross and for our motherland
We level mountains, stand against the tide.
243
00:30:44,708 --> 00:30:52,083
We're afraid of no torment or dungeon,
Any enemy we can defy.
244
00:30:52,375 --> 00:30:55,833
Even struck down by an evil truncheon,
245
00:30:55,999 --> 00:30:59,417
Still, for our Captain
we will gladly die.
246
00:31:34,125 --> 00:31:38,917
January 24th.
There was almost civil war.
247
00:31:39,542 --> 00:31:43,833
Gen. Antonescu has explained:
248
00:31:43,999 --> 00:31:48,167
The Legionnaires tried
to take the power.
249
00:31:55,583 --> 00:32:00,708
What happened in the Văcărești area
cannot be described.
250
00:32:00,833 --> 00:32:06,667
So many Jews were executed
by armed Legionnaires.
251
00:32:08,999 --> 00:32:14,375
Dozens of Jewish bodies
were found on the road.
252
00:32:15,708 --> 00:32:20,250
A merchant had his nose and arms broken,
then he was shot.
253
00:32:20,417 --> 00:32:24,208
An old rabbi's two boys
were killed in his arms,
254
00:32:24,333 --> 00:32:27,208
another had his tongue
and eyes cut out.
255
00:32:27,417 --> 00:32:31,792
Jews were hung
in the slaughterhouse hooks,
256
00:32:31,875 --> 00:32:35,875
some were thrown in the sewage
or on the streets.
257
00:32:36,042 --> 00:32:39,625
Two bodies were identified
by a patient of mine.
258
00:32:41,833 --> 00:32:46,999
More bodies were kept
outside the morgue, in the snow.
259
00:32:47,417 --> 00:32:51,417
They keep identifying more.
People crowd the riverbanks by the morgue.
260
00:32:52,542 --> 00:32:56,542
When they meet,
people tell of more crimes.
261
00:32:56,999 --> 00:33:03,250
As for torture and beatings,
the list is infinite:
262
00:33:04,500 --> 00:33:10,833
Jews forced to drink petrol,
crosses cut into their backs,
263
00:33:11,458 --> 00:33:13,999
beatings and killings by women...
264
00:33:24,042 --> 00:33:25,208
February 2nd.
265
00:33:26,167 --> 00:33:30,875
Radio news on the 92 Jews
killed in Jilava:
266
00:33:32,667 --> 00:33:36,125
Human cruelty
has never been so ferocious.
267
00:33:36,999 --> 00:33:40,999
As in other cases, some of
the murdering monsters were women.
268
00:33:41,083 --> 00:33:46,000
Ilie Rădulescu candidly denies
our country's bad reputation
269
00:33:46,083 --> 00:33:47,708
caused by the pogrom.
270
00:33:47,833 --> 00:33:51,458
More horrible details
are revealed.
271
00:33:51,583 --> 00:33:55,000
Among themselves, the Jews
speak only of the tragedy.
272
00:33:55,167 --> 00:33:58,583
They are still dazed,
as if drugged.
273
00:33:58,917 --> 00:34:02,167
I didn't speak much with Christians:
274
00:34:02,250 --> 00:34:06,917
Sonia is ashamed
and thunders against her people,
275
00:34:07,000 --> 00:34:12,542
of which she says
that it doesn't deserve a state.
276
00:34:19,875 --> 00:34:21,042
March 28th.
277
00:34:21,500 --> 00:34:26,292
Jewish urban properties
are now confiscated.
278
00:34:26,999 --> 00:34:29,917
Even poor people felt the emotion
279
00:34:29,999 --> 00:34:35,125
caused by this mass
confiscation of Jewish houses.
280
00:34:35,833 --> 00:34:42,458
Some worked hard
all their life to afford a home.
281
00:34:42,875 --> 00:34:48,250
Others have only a shack
and they will lose it.
282
00:34:49,083 --> 00:34:56,500
The houses will be given
to Christian attorneys, clerks, doctors...
283
00:34:57,917 --> 00:35:01,792
This is justified through
Christianism and Nationalism.
284
00:35:02,250 --> 00:35:06,958
It's hopelessly sad and absurd.
285
00:35:27,292 --> 00:35:33,708
Romanian soldiers have celebrated Easter
by our Christian custom.
286
00:35:34,917 --> 00:35:41,333
German officers and soldiers
were greeted with love.
287
00:35:47,750 --> 00:35:50,708
- Christ is risen!
- Indeed he is risen!
288
00:35:53,750 --> 00:35:59,875
The visitors were
impressed with our religious rituals
289
00:36:00,083 --> 00:36:03,875
and the monument's grand architecture.
290
00:36:04,042 --> 00:36:13,000
Then they visited the church
where they saw the religious relics of our past.
291
00:36:17,292 --> 00:36:25,625
Germans and Romanians together
celebrated the birthday of Chancellor Hitler,
292
00:36:27,250 --> 00:36:31,417
the great ruler of
the destinies of all Germans.
293
00:36:53,500 --> 00:36:59,958
June 22nd, 1941.
The Leader has ordered:
294
00:37:00,667 --> 00:37:04,250
"Soldiers, cross the Prut River!"
295
00:37:05,208 --> 00:37:08,500
"Crush the enemy
to the East and North!"
296
00:37:09,125 --> 00:37:14,125
"Free our brothers
from the Red yoke of Bolshevism."
297
00:37:14,375 --> 00:37:20,917
"Make the country's body whole again,
with ancient Bessarabia and Bukovina!"
298
00:37:23,042 --> 00:37:28,542
People kneel all across
our free country and thank God.
299
00:37:33,458 --> 00:37:37,875
The country is back
on the track of its great destiny.
300
00:37:38,958 --> 00:37:43,833
Enthusiastically, on the first day
of war against Bolshevik barbarity,
301
00:37:43,958 --> 00:37:51,250
the crowd cheers fervently for the Reich
and its Führer Adolf Hitler!
302
00:38:30,542 --> 00:38:34,583
August 11th.
Hatred against Jews is frantic.
303
00:38:35,000 --> 00:38:41,500
After the executions in Iași,
far exceeding the official version,
304
00:38:44,042 --> 00:38:48,917
Jews were evacuated from
Moldovan towns in closed wagons,
305
00:38:48,999 --> 00:38:52,458
dying horribly
of thirst and suffocation.
306
00:38:52,708 --> 00:38:55,833
Tragic details keep pouring in.
307
00:38:56,667 --> 00:39:01,333
The train station scenes with
miserable souls in sealed wagons,
308
00:39:01,500 --> 00:39:05,875
which no one could approach,
exceed any sadistic fantasy.
309
00:39:06,000 --> 00:39:11,125
Hundreds of people in cattle wagons,
310
00:39:11,542 --> 00:39:15,999
drinking each other's urine,
screaming until they died, exhausted.
311
00:39:16,792 --> 00:39:21,250
There were scenes of utter madness:
a man paid 20.000 Lei for a glass of water.
312
00:39:22,917 --> 00:39:26,042
Others offered their jewelry for a sip.
313
00:39:26,125 --> 00:39:30,000
The survivors will end up in the camps.
314
00:39:51,375 --> 00:39:59,375
Like ancient rulers who,
before battle, bowed to God in praise,
315
00:40:01,125 --> 00:40:09,750
Gen. Antonescu, his Staff and German officers
kneeled in an old church
316
00:40:11,083 --> 00:40:16,750
and prayed for victory
against the barbarians.
317
00:40:32,667 --> 00:40:37,875
The fearless Romanian army
has crushed the absurd borders
318
00:40:37,958 --> 00:40:40,917
imposed on us by Bolshevik greed.
319
00:40:41,542 --> 00:40:45,417
Our advance into Bukovina
is unstoppable.
320
00:40:45,583 --> 00:40:50,917
Gen. Antonescu's army is so brave!
321
00:41:18,542 --> 00:41:19,833
August 13th.
322
00:41:20,375 --> 00:41:24,458
Recent events have
shaken me.
323
00:41:25,250 --> 00:41:29,125
I am terrified because
I can't earn my bread.
324
00:41:29,500 --> 00:41:33,292
I keep thinking of death.
325
00:41:33,583 --> 00:41:38,917
An immense weariness rises in me,
326
00:41:39,750 --> 00:41:43,250
muscles sore from
the manual labour I'm reduced to.
327
00:41:43,375 --> 00:41:49,458
Everything seems dried up,
devoid of sense.
328
00:41:52,167 --> 00:41:56,000
Maybe this is the best time
to end it all.
329
00:42:12,167 --> 00:42:18,042
Romanian troops
marched again where, in 1918,
330
00:42:18,792 --> 00:42:22,167
we affirmed our rule over Bessarabia.
331
00:42:56,958 --> 00:42:58,125
August 16th.
332
00:42:58,833 --> 00:43:02,958
For the second time,
I stopped writing here.
333
00:43:03,125 --> 00:43:06,917
It feels like I've lived
20 years of life since.
334
00:43:07,083 --> 00:43:11,208
A young man came back from
forced labour with a bad injury,
335
00:43:11,333 --> 00:43:14,917
was rejected by Christian doctors
for being a dirty Jew,
336
00:43:15,375 --> 00:43:22,667
had his bandage opened
and was thrown out bleeding.
337
00:43:23,500 --> 00:43:30,292
Then a family of Jews was drowned.
In between, a long string of disasters.
338
00:43:30,792 --> 00:43:35,667
Without radio or phone, I note
how we are humiliated, impoverished,
339
00:43:35,792 --> 00:43:39,042
and now forced
to wear a yellow star.
340
00:43:40,417 --> 00:43:45,583
Then all Jews from Bessarabia and Bukovina
were sent to Transnistria.
341
00:43:46,083 --> 00:43:48,375
Towns were deserted within days.
342
00:43:49,625 --> 00:43:53,708
Old people, women and children
left into the unknown.
343
00:43:56,292 --> 00:43:59,417
When will we, in Bucharest, follow?
344
00:44:21,708 --> 00:44:26,958
October 20th.
Odessa was conquered by Romania.
345
00:44:28,375 --> 00:44:31,750
"We've traded Cluj for Odessa,"
someone said.
346
00:44:33,500 --> 00:44:38,875
Newspapers say Romanian soldiers
were warmly greeted
347
00:44:38,917 --> 00:44:42,625
then speak of fighting in the streets.
348
00:44:55,375 --> 00:44:59,625
With spontaneous enthusiasm,
349
00:44:59,708 --> 00:45:05,458
people everywhere
cheered for our glorious army,
350
00:45:05,542 --> 00:45:09,208
for the King, our Leader,
and our great allies.
351
00:45:09,417 --> 00:45:13,792
They cheer for the Head of our State,
352
00:45:13,958 --> 00:45:17,375
glorious Marshal Antonescu.
353
00:46:07,458 --> 00:46:11,958
November 14th.
We still fear deportation to Ukraine.
354
00:46:12,417 --> 00:46:15,500
All Jews are obsessed
with it every moment.
355
00:46:15,625 --> 00:46:17,167
Nothing is absurd anymore.
356
00:46:17,292 --> 00:46:21,250
News from Jews deported
to Transnistria are ghastly.
357
00:46:22,125 --> 00:46:28,625
Walking in the rain,
women and girls raped, starvation, suicides...
358
00:46:33,500 --> 00:46:38,042
Benador looks scarily decomposed.
359
00:46:38,500 --> 00:46:42,667
Gutted by the fear of
Bucharest Jews being evacuated,
360
00:46:42,792 --> 00:46:46,417
he was scandalised by
two Jews amused by a funny story.
361
00:46:46,500 --> 00:46:48,875
How can Jews still laugh?
362
00:46:53,708 --> 00:46:58,292
In honour of the German Führer
and of the Duke of Fascism,
363
00:46:58,417 --> 00:47:05,208
two squares have been
named Hitler Sq. and Mussolini Sq.
364
00:47:08,917 --> 00:47:10,333
December 10th.
365
00:47:10,667 --> 00:47:15,792
Mihai Ralea is what passes for
a Democrat here: amenable,
366
00:47:15,875 --> 00:47:21,500
adapting to any form of government
which allows him a political career.
367
00:47:21,625 --> 00:47:24,708
We spoke to him
of the Romanian people, but he said:
368
00:47:24,875 --> 00:47:30,500
"Nothing can be done now. We've
assassinated 200.000 women and children."
369
00:47:30,667 --> 00:47:35,417
He gave us details on
the killings in Bessarabia and Bukovina.
370
00:47:38,958 --> 00:47:45,542
Women set on fire,
100 children buried to the neck, then shot,
371
00:47:47,375 --> 00:47:56,125
Jews made to stand on a table in a canteen,
then hanged by the ceiling.
372
00:48:08,708 --> 00:48:12,458
Our ruling Marshal
visited Transnistria,
373
00:48:12,625 --> 00:48:16,250
where the Romanian administration
has a programme
374
00:48:16,375 --> 00:48:21,999
to rebuild this region, so harmed
by the Bolshevik rule.
375
00:48:24,583 --> 00:48:25,958
December 31st.
376
00:48:27,792 --> 00:48:32,875
Without exaggeration,
this year has felt like ten.
377
00:48:34,417 --> 00:48:39,125
Legionnaire mass killings
and now when,
378
00:48:39,292 --> 00:48:43,500
as Hitler solemnly promised,
the war should be over,
379
00:48:43,625 --> 00:48:47,083
our year was full of
blood, terror and despair.
380
00:48:47,208 --> 00:48:52,125
Hard times for one who
looks around objectively,
381
00:48:52,208 --> 00:48:56,042
trying to reconcile it all
with one's thoughts.
382
00:49:21,333 --> 00:49:27,083
Marshal Antonescu evokes
our tradition of compassion:
383
00:49:28,250 --> 00:49:33,167
"The orphans and the poor
await our Christian mercy."
384
00:49:34,125 --> 00:49:38,999
"We can only grow
by strengthening our race,"
385
00:49:39,917 --> 00:49:44,999
"and we cannot build our race
on poverty."
386
00:49:50,792 --> 00:49:52,125
January 25th.
387
00:49:52,542 --> 00:49:57,167
Of course Jews, whom the State uses
for all hard labour,
388
00:49:57,250 --> 00:49:59,708
should be called to shovel snow.
389
00:49:59,875 --> 00:50:05,250
They set out with shovels,
at -31 degrees.
390
00:50:05,375 --> 00:50:10,417
The frostbite hit right away.
I treated many frozen ears.
391
00:50:10,833 --> 00:50:16,375
Jews are so downtrodden that you must
be happy to live here, any way,
392
00:50:16,458 --> 00:50:21,792
and not across the Dniester, where
hundreds starve to death daily.
393
00:50:22,000 --> 00:50:28,750
News from there is horrible;
I constantly think of those people,
394
00:50:28,875 --> 00:50:36,000
when eating or writing, with
sterile powerlessness and mute anger.
395
00:50:36,625 --> 00:50:38,917
What of the rest of us?
396
00:50:39,208 --> 00:50:43,333
We know that
deportation is being considered again.
397
00:51:10,958 --> 00:51:12,250
February 16th.
398
00:51:12,875 --> 00:51:18,375
The news say that a large company
is testing a new lethal gas.
399
00:51:18,583 --> 00:51:24,750
The subjects were 400 young Jews from
a labour camp. They all died.
400
00:51:24,917 --> 00:51:30,875
In the U.S., Thomas Mann blamed it
on the whole German people:
401
00:51:30,999 --> 00:51:35,375
they could have prevented
their leaders from committing this.
402
00:51:35,500 --> 00:51:41,999
This cold murder - in the Netherlands -
seems worse
403
00:51:42,375 --> 00:51:46,667
than machinegunning
innocent children,
404
00:51:46,792 --> 00:51:51,125
or Jews of all ages dying of thirst
in sealed wagons,
405
00:51:51,250 --> 00:51:56,083
or burning, covered in petrol.
406
00:51:56,458 --> 00:52:00,667
Then you are silent again,
going through the mud of tomorrow,
407
00:52:00,750 --> 00:52:04,125
through deaths by starvation
in Greece, and so on,
408
00:52:04,333 --> 00:52:11,917
in this endless season,
whose days are Grey, cold, bloodstained.
409
00:52:20,833 --> 00:52:22,000
June 7th.
410
00:52:22,333 --> 00:52:28,042
I hear someone was ordered to shoot
children in a truck, in Bessarabia.
411
00:52:28,167 --> 00:52:33,500
He refused: "No, they're children.
If they were dirty Jews, I'd be glad to."
412
00:52:35,042 --> 00:52:41,292
The children, who were in fact Jews,
were saved thanks to this "charitable" man.
413
00:52:48,125 --> 00:52:53,167
June 29th.
Jews in Chernowitz are being deported.
414
00:52:54,833 --> 00:52:57,542
On Sundays they can't
leave their homes.
415
00:52:57,625 --> 00:53:01,958
That's when the authorities strike,
street after street.
416
00:53:02,125 --> 00:53:07,000
Sirens blare to cover
the poor souls' desperate cries.
417
00:53:07,125 --> 00:53:13,750
They are loaded into cattle wagons,
and thrown some bread and water.
418
00:53:14,333 --> 00:53:18,083
There are piles of
their goods all over town.
419
00:53:18,208 --> 00:53:23,750
Everyone buys them, even if
they don't condone these barbarities.
420
00:53:24,333 --> 00:53:26,417
Since they're so cheap!
421
00:53:38,167 --> 00:53:42,792
The Governor of Transnistria
and other officials
422
00:53:42,917 --> 00:53:48,125
attended a solemn event at
the Heroes' Cemetery in Odessa.
423
00:53:48,292 --> 00:53:53,208
The head of
the Orthodox mission in Transnistria,
424
00:53:53,375 --> 00:53:56,667
officiated a commemorative service.
425
00:53:56,875 --> 00:54:04,208
Everyone was reminded
of the Romanian army's heroic deeds here.
426
00:54:04,875 --> 00:54:11,250
Let us take the oath
spoken by our Marshal:
427
00:54:13,167 --> 00:54:18,750
"Before these graves,
I swear that I trust in our victory"
428
00:54:19,458 --> 00:54:27,792
"and vow to fight harder,
for the honour and freedom of all Romanians!"
429
00:54:38,667 --> 00:54:39,750
August 2nd.
430
00:54:40,500 --> 00:54:45,125
Maize is rationed too:
1,5 kilos a week.
431
00:54:45,458 --> 00:54:47,417
Jews don't get any, though.
432
00:54:47,583 --> 00:54:51,833
It's the first basic foodstuff
which they are denied.
433
00:54:51,958 --> 00:54:54,833
For sugar, they get half
or 1/3 of a ration.
434
00:54:54,999 --> 00:55:01,250
But maize meal must be a national dish,
subject to ethical prohibition.
435
00:55:11,000 --> 00:55:12,250
August 10th.
436
00:55:12,875 --> 00:55:16,792
Galaction entered
the German-Romanian Association.
437
00:55:16,917 --> 00:55:20,917
Other writers repeatedly
refused invitations.
438
00:55:21,542 --> 00:55:27,167
Many were disappointed, thinking
the good priest was all neutral.
439
00:55:27,417 --> 00:55:32,208
During the snow-shovelling,
he passed by some young Jews,
440
00:55:32,333 --> 00:55:37,583
took a shovel and worked with them
for a few moments,
441
00:55:37,708 --> 00:55:39,792
as a symbolic protest.
442
00:55:39,917 --> 00:55:43,625
So, the good priest
acted the good part again.
443
00:55:49,750 --> 00:55:50,833
August 19th.
444
00:55:51,208 --> 00:55:56,667
The Romanianisation Centre
keeps confiscating Jewish homes.
445
00:55:57,167 --> 00:55:59,833
New tenants are brought in.
446
00:55:59,999 --> 00:56:04,792
Christian tenants will move from
uncomfortable houses to good ones,
447
00:56:06,417 --> 00:56:12,750
while Jews will move
to shabby, expensive houses.
448
00:56:14,000 --> 00:56:18,000
A captain went to see
the Jewish house he would rent.
449
00:56:18,167 --> 00:56:23,375
The owner asked him
to come later,
450
00:56:23,917 --> 00:56:29,375
at the hour established by
the Romanianisation Centre.
451
00:56:29,583 --> 00:56:35,375
The captain grabbed him:
452
00:56:35,583 --> 00:56:40,625
"I can shoot you like a dog!
I killed 50 like you in Odessa!"
453
00:57:25,292 --> 00:57:26,542
September 8th.
454
00:57:26,999 --> 00:57:30,375
The Jews locked up
in Bucharest schools were sent out.
455
00:57:30,708 --> 00:57:36,000
Witnesses say it was horrible.
456
00:57:36,417 --> 00:57:39,750
Screams filled the street.
457
00:57:39,917 --> 00:57:44,375
Passers-by threw them
cigarettes and money.
458
00:57:44,583 --> 00:57:51,000
Children wouldn't get on,
those left behind had to be pulled away.
459
00:57:51,208 --> 00:57:55,208
They disinfect the schools,
then it's all forgotten.
460
00:57:55,917 --> 00:57:57,208
September 15th.
461
00:57:57,500 --> 00:58:02,208
A funny one
while waiting in line:
462
00:58:02,417 --> 00:58:08,208
"So our children die on the front
to get Jews a country in Transnistria?!"
463
00:58:16,458 --> 00:58:20,417
November 22nd.
Things progress fast.
464
00:58:21,500 --> 00:58:27,667
The Soviets pushed in 100 km
at Stalingrad and took 18.000 prisoners.
465
00:58:27,792 --> 00:58:33,958
The Germans had 13.000 dead and wounded.
466
00:58:34,083 --> 00:58:37,667
The German troops in Stalingrad
are surrounded.
467
00:58:42,083 --> 00:58:43,375
November 28th.
468
00:58:43,958 --> 00:58:48,750
The number of Jews killed in Poland
grew from 700.000 to one million.
469
00:58:48,917 --> 00:58:52,999
German massacres must have
reached frightening numbers,
470
00:58:53,042 --> 00:58:57,250
if we count all the horrors
in occupied Soviet territory.
471
00:58:57,417 --> 00:58:59,208
And the murders continue.
472
00:58:59,375 --> 00:59:04,375
Our authorities seem to hesitate now
about anti-Jewish measures.
473
00:59:04,542 --> 00:59:08,833
For now, it doesn't matter
whether it's because of events
474
00:59:08,958 --> 00:59:13,667
or a return to
genuine human conscience.
475
00:59:35,208 --> 00:59:36,417
January 10th.
476
00:59:36,917 --> 00:59:40,958
Snow.
The Jews are off to work.
477
00:59:41,999 --> 00:59:49,667
Near Cotroceni, a few were beaten by soldiers
for "being too slow".
478
00:59:56,375 --> 00:59:59,708
The capital is becoming
a Jewish work site.
479
01:00:00,125 --> 01:00:04,250
The snow is an unforgiving
communal institution.
480
01:00:15,375 --> 01:00:20,292
Since Stephen the Great,
481
01:00:21,000 --> 01:00:25,375
the Church has been
the foundation of our nation.
482
01:00:25,958 --> 01:00:30,875
In church, the Marshal has pledged
483
01:00:32,167 --> 01:00:35,958
to have faith and fight fearlessly
for Romania.
484
01:00:36,750 --> 01:00:40,750
We've never struck at anyone.
485
01:00:40,833 --> 01:00:45,542
Romanians have never
coveted other nations' land.
486
01:00:45,750 --> 01:00:51,917
We cannot be accused of
conquest in the East.
487
01:00:53,750 --> 01:01:00,375
It is a holy war for national unity
and for defending Europe.
488
01:01:01,208 --> 01:01:05,417
When we were forced
to defend our land,
489
01:01:08,375 --> 01:01:17,250
preempting a new invasion from across the Dniester,
it was not for destruction.
490
01:01:19,458 --> 01:01:28,542
We brought there the cross of re-Christianisation
and supported the population.
491
01:01:51,958 --> 01:01:53,167
April 4th.
492
01:01:54,125 --> 01:02:00,999
A train with Jews from Thessaloniki
has stopped here on the way to Poland.
493
01:02:01,625 --> 01:02:06,750
Their fate there is known.
They've been allowed no contact here.
494
01:02:07,208 --> 01:02:13,042
Attempts to give them food or water
were prevented.
495
01:02:22,042 --> 01:02:25,125
In the country once called
Orthodox Russia,
496
01:02:25,875 --> 01:02:30,958
Christian crosses were removed
to make room for Jewish tombstones,
497
01:02:31,417 --> 01:02:34,125
because Jews rule supreme there.
498
01:02:46,625 --> 01:02:52,625
This is the home of a Jewish
political commissar, full of firearms,
499
01:02:52,750 --> 01:02:57,000
because he owned the lives
of the Soviet proletarians.
500
01:03:03,667 --> 01:03:04,833
May 26th.
501
01:03:05,333 --> 01:03:10,833
Gas, the most fearsome weapon,
hasn't been used so far.
502
01:03:11,292 --> 01:03:14,458
None of the many
warring parties dared to.
503
01:03:14,667 --> 01:03:18,042
no matter how tragic
and desperate the fight.
504
01:03:18,250 --> 01:03:23,125
This weapon seems to have been
reserved for the Jewish sector.
505
01:03:23,375 --> 01:03:28,333
We keep hearing of Jews
under German occupation being gassed.
506
01:03:28,458 --> 01:03:35,750
Despite official reports,
people refuse to believe this is possible.
507
01:03:56,167 --> 01:03:58,833
Genuine scene in a tram:
508
01:03:59,000 --> 01:04:03,458
A Jew offers his seat
to an old Christian.
509
01:04:03,750 --> 01:04:08,333
"I won't sit here after a dirty Jew!"
he said fiercely.
510
01:04:08,500 --> 01:04:12,083
A Christian gentleman nearby asks:
511
01:04:12,542 --> 01:04:16,042
"You don't want the seat?"
"No, I don't!"
512
01:04:16,542 --> 01:04:20,875
The other takes the Jew's seat.
Two minutes later, he stands up
513
01:04:20,958 --> 01:04:25,875
and tells the old man:
"You can sit down. I've Romanianised it."
514
01:05:04,999 --> 01:05:10,458
January 10th.
Yesterday I hailed a taxi.
515
01:05:11,292 --> 01:05:15,167
The driver said:
"Do you know what car this is?"
516
01:05:15,999 --> 01:05:19,625
"The Prime Minister
was assassinated in it!"
517
01:05:27,292 --> 01:05:32,250
All lives depend
on the war's outcome, writers included.
518
01:05:33,208 --> 01:05:38,292
Remy de Gourmont was bluffing
when he said about the previous war,
519
01:05:38,792 --> 01:05:40,917
"It didn't bother me."
520
01:05:41,000 --> 01:05:46,792
And Montherlant's claims that
art cannot stop because of war
521
01:05:46,917 --> 01:05:51,667
because the artist's only goal
is personal - that's nonsense.
522
01:05:51,833 --> 01:05:56,125
Let's see them say it today,
when France is ruined,
523
01:05:56,542 --> 01:06:01,333
not in 1938, when the French still
believed in their strength.
524
01:06:08,542 --> 01:06:11,417
Air raid sirens!
525
01:06:13,375 --> 01:06:14,792
To the cannons!
526
01:06:31,208 --> 01:06:36,542
Anti-aircraft artillery stop the enemy bombers.
527
01:06:39,708 --> 01:06:45,458
But the enemy is undeterred.
Anti-aircraft guns increase their fire!
528
01:06:51,208 --> 01:06:55,667
Yesterday we saw
the horror of American bombing.
529
01:06:56,333 --> 01:07:00,833
Hundreds of bombers
flew over Bucharest,
530
01:07:01,583 --> 01:07:04,292
raining bombs on us.
531
01:07:04,458 --> 01:07:06,583
It was a terrible time.
532
01:07:06,750 --> 01:07:10,500
Between bombs,
I ran to my first-aid post.
533
01:07:10,999 --> 01:07:15,083
My family was
scared to death in the shelter.
534
01:07:15,833 --> 01:07:22,833
A bomb hit a nearby house,
crushing the grocer's family.
535
01:07:25,250 --> 01:07:30,125
Bombs also fell
on Mărășești Boulevard.
536
01:07:32,208 --> 01:07:36,667
So many victims,
incalculable damage.
537
01:07:37,542 --> 01:07:41,458
Many died in bombed shelters.
538
01:07:42,999 --> 01:07:48,250
No more water and electricity,
trams barely running.
539
01:07:52,000 --> 01:07:55,917
My nephew found
all his neighbours dead - 11 people.
540
01:07:56,708 --> 01:08:01,333
Dozens of people died suffocated
in a shelter nearby.
541
01:08:01,750 --> 01:08:04,083
Hundreds more died
in the Obor shelter.
542
01:08:04,625 --> 01:08:08,000
Some estimate about 2.000 victims.
543
01:08:08,917 --> 01:08:14,999
We wait, in fear, for more disasters.
544
01:08:28,042 --> 01:08:29,208
April 14th.
545
01:08:29,708 --> 01:08:34,042
Little Clara is 9;
she's one of the hundreds of orphans
546
01:08:34,167 --> 01:08:38,417
sent from Transnistria
to be shipped to Palestine.
547
01:08:38,999 --> 01:08:43,333
Her tiny body
bears the stigmata of malnutrition:
548
01:08:43,708 --> 01:08:45,708
swollen abdomen, thin legs.
549
01:08:47,875 --> 01:08:51,999
When she was 6, her parents
took her with them to Chernowitz.
550
01:08:52,083 --> 01:08:56,999
Then deportations to Transnistria started.
They spent 3 years there.
551
01:08:57,125 --> 01:09:03,542
Friends of ours care for her lovingly,
until she is sent for Palestine.
552
01:09:04,875 --> 01:09:10,083
She speaks of death
with petrifying nonchalance.
553
01:09:10,542 --> 01:09:15,417
"Each morning I'd see dead boys and girls.
I stepped on bodies."
554
01:09:16,167 --> 01:09:18,083
"I don't know how I survived."
555
01:09:18,250 --> 01:09:20,458
"I ate beetroot and potato peels."
556
01:09:20,583 --> 01:09:23,500
Now borscht or
potato stew make her sick.
557
01:09:24,125 --> 01:09:29,999
What's scary is how she hates
Christians, whom she fears viscerally.
558
01:09:30,125 --> 01:09:32,833
A friend was visiting my daughter.
559
01:09:32,999 --> 01:09:36,999
She saw him enter
and ran to us, screaming:
560
01:09:37,083 --> 01:09:40,625
"There's a Christian in there!
Make him leave!"
561
01:09:40,792 --> 01:09:44,917
"He's not a Christian, dear."
"But he speaks Romanian!"
562
01:09:45,542 --> 01:09:49,917
She refuses to speak it.
563
01:09:51,750 --> 01:09:55,417
She learned Yiddish precisely
to not use Romanian.
564
01:10:09,875 --> 01:10:11,167
June 24th.
565
01:10:13,208 --> 01:10:15,958
After similar letters,
566
01:10:16,000 --> 01:10:20,000
Patriarch Nicodim wrote
to the Archbishop of London,
567
01:10:20,125 --> 01:10:23,375
pleading for the bombing to cease.
568
01:10:23,542 --> 01:10:26,333
His arguments are the same:
569
01:10:28,333 --> 01:10:34,250
Romanians are, of course, kind,
generous and deeply loving.
570
01:10:36,583 --> 01:10:42,292
Surely, the Archbishop
has seen how tolerant Romanians are:
571
01:10:43,208 --> 01:10:50,999
They've never oppressed
those of other faiths or origins.
572
01:10:51,750 --> 01:10:54,667
The letter needs no further comment,
573
01:10:54,875 --> 01:11:00,792
particularly where the high prelate
states that basic war decency
574
01:11:00,875 --> 01:11:03,792
asks that only militants be killed,
575
01:11:03,917 --> 01:11:07,542
not innocent women,
children and elderly people.
576
01:11:08,083 --> 01:11:12,583
The Archbishop of Canterbury is
fully aware of those realities,
577
01:11:12,750 --> 01:11:16,417
as is the Patriarch,
in all their cruelty.
578
01:11:16,542 --> 01:11:19,958
He's witnessed all
the injustice and abuse.
579
01:11:20,042 --> 01:11:23,333
So he knows what answer to expect.
580
01:11:35,708 --> 01:11:36,917
August 23rd.
581
01:11:40,333 --> 01:11:45,833
We heard King Michael's
proclamation on the radio
582
01:11:47,083 --> 01:11:51,167
announcing our changing sides
to the Allied camp,
583
01:11:51,833 --> 01:11:56,792
taking Transylvania back,
the reinstatement of freedom
584
01:11:57,292 --> 01:12:04,167
and a new Government,
including Communists and Socialists.
585
01:12:05,292 --> 01:12:09,125
The Communist leader
read out the amnesty
586
01:12:09,875 --> 01:12:13,375
of all political prisoners,
excepting Legionnaires.
587
01:12:14,792 --> 01:12:18,917
Romania's history
has turned a colossal page.
588
01:12:19,042 --> 01:12:22,875
We all went out on the streets, cheering.
589
01:12:23,999 --> 01:12:29,458
The neighbours offered us champagne,
then we went to see some friends.
590
01:12:31,417 --> 01:12:36,042
Passers-by shouted "Hooray for peace!"
591
01:13:36,458 --> 01:13:37,667
April 10th.
592
01:13:38,000 --> 01:13:40,917
If someone interviewed
the Romanian people -
593
01:13:41,000 --> 01:13:46,999
the prejudice-ridden majority
of leaders and the middle class -
594
01:13:47,125 --> 01:13:52,000
our current situation would look painful.
595
01:13:52,750 --> 01:13:57,042
Many say:
596
01:13:57,875 --> 01:14:02,542
"Why do Jews go to the People's Tribunal
for political revenge?"
597
01:14:02,708 --> 01:14:05,708
"The wheel could turn someday."
598
01:14:06,542 --> 01:14:09,250
The answer is
that they are criminally wrong.
599
01:14:09,958 --> 01:14:16,958
Our agreement with the Allies includes
punishment for war criminals.
600
01:14:17,458 --> 01:14:20,999
The People's Tribunal
was not formed by and of Jews.
601
01:14:21,125 --> 01:14:24,500
Many Jews stand witness
602
01:14:24,667 --> 01:14:28,999
because they were subject to
Romanian cruelty in Transnistria.
603
01:14:29,125 --> 01:14:36,000
The others are unconvinced,
fake smiles hiding wounded dignity.
604
01:14:37,917 --> 01:14:44,917
An actress friend told me:
"I hate workers like dung worms!"
605
01:14:45,999 --> 01:14:50,417
Another bitter line in the
interview with the Romanian people.
606
01:15:05,167 --> 01:15:06,167
May 9th.
607
01:15:06,250 --> 01:15:09,917
Germany has capitulated.
War is over in Europe.
608
01:15:10,042 --> 01:15:17,042
A historical, military, and political
reality awaited for over 5 years.
609
01:15:17,417 --> 01:15:20,208
Germany has capitulated.
That is all.
610
01:15:20,375 --> 01:15:25,375
After all their crimes, pillage,
disasters and savagery,
611
01:15:25,500 --> 01:15:30,083
crushed in their own country
surrounded by Allied forces,
612
01:15:30,292 --> 01:15:33,875
the Germans have surrendered.
It was bound to happen.
613
01:15:33,999 --> 01:15:39,417
We expected it 3, 2, one year ago.
Yet no one tried to rebel.
614
01:15:39,583 --> 01:15:45,125
No one could stop the decline
of a country crazed with megalomania,
615
01:15:45,250 --> 01:15:49,833
poisoned by hatred,
open to imbecility and cruelty.
616
01:15:50,000 --> 01:15:53,833
Nothing to write,
nothing to comment.
617
01:16:09,458 --> 01:16:13,208
June.
The People's Tribunal continues its work.
618
01:16:13,417 --> 01:16:16,875
But there's less interest than
for the first trial.
619
01:16:17,000 --> 01:16:19,500
It's like a holiday meeting.
620
01:16:19,999 --> 01:16:23,958
Newspapers give perfunctory,
dull reports.
621
01:16:24,250 --> 01:16:26,125
Hardly anyone reads them.
622
01:16:26,333 --> 01:16:32,999
Still, more beasts are being tried,
as bad as the first glorious lot.
623
01:16:33,542 --> 01:16:37,750
Many people are still
missing or unidentified.
624
01:16:37,958 --> 01:16:42,542
Many criminals will remain in
state jobs, in the military, everywhere.
625
01:16:42,667 --> 01:16:50,000
What became of General Georgescu,
who in '42 was telling his barber:
626
01:16:50,167 --> 01:16:54,542
"I killed so many Jews,
to my heart's content and beyond!"
627
01:17:01,292 --> 01:17:07,708
The Bucharest population has cheered
our delegates' return from Moscow,
628
01:17:07,875 --> 01:17:12,417
after negotiations
with excellent results for us.
629
01:17:12,542 --> 01:17:17,000
A crowd gathered at the
airport to welcome them
630
01:17:17,125 --> 01:17:22,833
and express gratitude to
our great neighbour, the Soviet Union.
631
01:17:25,917 --> 01:17:30,833
At landing, the enthusiastic crowd
broke the cordons.
632
01:17:33,125 --> 01:17:38,042
People hailed Generalissimus Stalin,
and our government,
633
01:17:38,667 --> 01:17:41,750
and the eternal
Romanian-Soviet friendship.
634
01:17:41,875 --> 01:17:46,042
Prime Minister Dr. Petru Groza stated:
635
01:17:49,208 --> 01:17:58,125
"I hope that the wind carries
our voice throughout the country,"
636
01:17:58,292 --> 01:18:04,875
"so that you may know we come
from the home of our great neighbour,"
637
01:18:05,042 --> 01:18:07,167
"the Soviet Union!"
638
01:18:12,125 --> 01:18:15,792
People chant "Sta-Lin! Sta-Lin!"
639
01:18:25,000 --> 01:18:30,833
"Stu-dents sup-port
the work-ing class!"
640
01:18:45,625 --> 01:18:47,292
"U-S-S-R!"
641
01:18:59,208 --> 01:19:00,625
February 28th.
642
01:19:01,125 --> 01:19:05,583
Titel Petrescu, the ridiculous
politician, said:
643
01:19:05,750 --> 01:19:09,250
"We've never had
religious intolerance."
644
01:19:09,375 --> 01:19:15,292
"There was anti-Semitism, but all because
of the Jews trying to take over commerce,"
645
01:19:15,417 --> 01:19:18,125
"entering conflict with the Romanians."
646
01:19:18,375 --> 01:19:23,500
So a Marxist can still utter
such nonsense?
647
01:19:23,708 --> 01:19:27,417
His theory will certainly
spread and be exploited.
648
01:19:27,583 --> 01:19:31,292
Soon, we will surely hear
the Jews have taken over democracy,
649
01:19:31,417 --> 01:19:34,333
which will justify
the new anti-Semitism.
650
01:19:34,542 --> 01:19:38,125
Sadly, there's no way to react,
nowhere to write to.
651
01:19:38,292 --> 01:19:44,542
"Sticking together" means being silent
and swallowing it all together.
652
01:20:09,792 --> 01:20:10,792
June 2nd.
653
01:20:11,083 --> 01:20:15,917
The two Antonescus, Piki Vasiliu,
and Alexianu have been executed.
654
01:20:16,083 --> 01:20:20,542
The other three who were
also sentenced to death
655
01:20:20,625 --> 01:20:24,208
had it shifted to hard labour for life.
656
01:20:24,375 --> 01:20:28,708
I think this ends the major
sentences for war criminals.
657
01:20:28,833 --> 01:20:32,667
"It's too late,
Romanians are too kind" etc.
658
01:20:32,875 --> 01:20:36,458
A few more will be sentenced,
amid general indifference.
659
01:20:36,625 --> 01:20:38,875
Then the elections will come.
660
01:20:39,125 --> 01:20:44,000
And we will continue rebuilding
the country and re-educating people...
55060
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