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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,390 --> 00:00:04,990 A horrific plane crash deep in the jungle. 2 00:00:06,150 --> 00:00:09,950 A struggle for survival in freezing water. 3 00:00:11,030 --> 00:00:17,110 And a daring escape from a submarine that sank to the bottom of the ocean. 4 00:00:19,710 --> 00:00:22,230 How are some people able to cheat death? 5 00:00:23,690 --> 00:00:27,890 Is it just a matter of dumb luck, or do we all have powerful survival instincts 6 00:00:27,890 --> 00:00:31,310 locked within us that come alive when we need them the most? 7 00:00:31,930 --> 00:00:37,870 Can the harrowing stories of individuals who looked death in the eye and lived 8 00:00:37,870 --> 00:00:42,190 to tell the tale give us clues about how to dodge our own demise? 9 00:00:43,970 --> 00:00:47,370 Well, that is what we'll try and find out. 10 00:01:04,780 --> 00:01:09,180 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, November 1992. 11 00:01:11,160 --> 00:01:18,140 Banker Annette Herfkins, her fiancé, and 29 other passengers board a small plane 12 00:01:18,140 --> 00:01:22,080 and head to the coastal town of Nha Trang for a vacation. 13 00:01:23,760 --> 00:01:30,660 But what is supposed to be a short, routine flight is about to turn into 14 00:01:30,660 --> 00:01:31,660 a nightmare. 15 00:01:33,919 --> 00:01:37,940 When I saw the plane, I didn't want to enter it because it was awfully small. 16 00:01:38,380 --> 00:01:43,720 I am very claustrophobic, and I said, there's no way I enter in that plane. 17 00:01:43,720 --> 00:01:45,880 not going to go in there. It looks old, but mostly small. 18 00:01:46,420 --> 00:01:51,800 And my fiancé said, well, don't worry, don't you have to. It's only 55 minutes, 19 00:01:51,840 --> 00:01:55,920 and do it for us, because I have this beautiful vacation planned, and I knew 20 00:01:55,920 --> 00:01:58,940 were going to speak up about it, but please, please do it. 21 00:02:00,440 --> 00:02:01,580 And then we entered. 22 00:02:02,350 --> 00:02:03,630 From the back of the plane. 23 00:02:04,870 --> 00:02:10,229 So we sat down, and we were told to buckle our seatbelts and never going 24 00:02:10,650 --> 00:02:14,950 And then I was restrained enough as it is, and I did not buckle my seatbelts. 25 00:02:15,970 --> 00:02:17,510 And the flight took off. 26 00:02:18,990 --> 00:02:24,010 For the next 30 minutes, I just kept counting the minutes, and the 50th 27 00:02:24,090 --> 00:02:26,930 there was a gigantic drop. 28 00:02:27,710 --> 00:02:29,070 And people were screaming. 29 00:02:30,670 --> 00:02:33,350 My fiance looks at me and says, what is it I don't like? 30 00:02:37,150 --> 00:02:39,310 And then another drop. 31 00:02:43,830 --> 00:02:48,390 More people spinning. And he reached for my hand and I reached for his. 32 00:02:49,350 --> 00:02:50,810 And then everything went black. 33 00:02:52,710 --> 00:02:56,350 I woke up to this eerie sound of the jungle. 34 00:03:00,110 --> 00:03:01,490 The plane broke in three pieces. 35 00:03:02,210 --> 00:03:05,250 The wings, the fuselage, and the cockpit. 36 00:03:06,190 --> 00:03:10,870 Then I looked at my left, and there I saw my fiancé still trapped in his feet. 37 00:03:13,310 --> 00:03:14,310 He was dead. 38 00:03:19,570 --> 00:03:25,650 In shock, grief -stricken, and with her legs and hips broken, Annette painfully 39 00:03:25,650 --> 00:03:27,150 pulls herself out of the wreckage. 40 00:03:29,130 --> 00:03:33,370 Only to find that every passenger on board has perished. 41 00:03:34,970 --> 00:03:35,970 Except her. 42 00:03:36,490 --> 00:03:39,010 It all seems impossible. 43 00:03:41,890 --> 00:03:48,730 In this plane crash, Annette was the only survivor of 31 people. She's the 44 00:03:48,730 --> 00:03:49,730 only one that survived. 45 00:03:50,370 --> 00:03:54,830 Did it have to do with just the randomness of her being in the right 46 00:03:54,830 --> 00:03:57,250 hit the ground in just the right place? 47 00:03:57,820 --> 00:04:03,380 that had just the right structural integrity based on how they crashed, or 48 00:04:03,380 --> 00:04:04,380 it be something else? 49 00:04:05,640 --> 00:04:10,600 When we hear stories of survival, we sort of imagine, can I learn from that? 50 00:04:10,660 --> 00:04:11,660 Could I do that? 51 00:04:12,100 --> 00:04:13,680 And many times we can't. 52 00:04:14,140 --> 00:04:18,680 Maybe they're lucky, or maybe there's just some X factor that we'll never 53 00:04:18,680 --> 00:04:19,680 get our heads around. 54 00:04:20,920 --> 00:04:24,100 We know the safest place is to sit on a plane. 55 00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:29,420 and we know generally our seatbelts will save us in the event of a crash, but 56 00:04:29,420 --> 00:04:33,360 this was the one instance where the seatbelt not being attached saved her. 57 00:04:33,360 --> 00:04:37,880 could have predicted that? There's too many variables at play. 58 00:04:42,060 --> 00:04:46,940 Miles from civilization, injured and alone, Annette finds herself in an 59 00:04:46,940 --> 00:04:52,160 unbearable predicament, but somehow from somewhere deep inside her. 60 00:04:52,640 --> 00:04:55,060 She finds a way to survive. 61 00:04:56,980 --> 00:05:00,140 I felt this enormous energy lifting me up. 62 00:05:01,420 --> 00:05:02,920 I would just be quiet. 63 00:05:06,620 --> 00:05:09,980 And listen to my instinct. Just make it complete quiet. 64 00:05:16,860 --> 00:05:19,680 You breathe out all the way. 65 00:05:25,740 --> 00:05:28,900 And then you listen to this other voice we all carry inside of us. 66 00:05:30,900 --> 00:05:33,760 I completely felt that things will work out. 67 00:05:37,240 --> 00:05:41,320 What's interesting to me about this case is that Annette attributes her survival 68 00:05:41,320 --> 00:05:43,560 to hearing this mysterious voice. 69 00:05:46,640 --> 00:05:49,340 I can only imagine what that must have been like. 70 00:05:49,560 --> 00:05:52,040 A plane has crashed in the Vietnam jungle. 71 00:05:52,320 --> 00:05:53,480 You have a broken hip. 72 00:05:53,820 --> 00:05:59,240 You're surrounded by wreckage, dead bodies, and here you have this voice 73 00:05:59,240 --> 00:06:00,660 you, don't lose hope. 74 00:06:02,620 --> 00:06:05,740 I just listened to that voice and I acted on it. 75 00:06:06,760 --> 00:06:10,140 And it said, make a plan, divide it in achievable steps. 76 00:06:10,540 --> 00:06:14,520 And when you achieve one of those steps, congratulate yourself. That's exactly 77 00:06:14,520 --> 00:06:15,520 what I did. 78 00:06:16,060 --> 00:06:18,520 I realized that I was going to need some water. 79 00:06:19,040 --> 00:06:20,340 So I looked at the... 80 00:06:20,700 --> 00:06:23,680 wing of the plane, insulation material, or some kind of foam. 81 00:06:23,920 --> 00:06:25,760 So I figured that could work as a sponge. 82 00:06:27,900 --> 00:06:33,940 And then I made seven little bowls, and I lined them up for it to rain. 83 00:06:36,400 --> 00:06:38,220 And then it rained, and it poured. 84 00:06:41,460 --> 00:06:46,860 And then I was very happy to see this little bowl filling up with water. 85 00:06:47,440 --> 00:06:49,500 Tasted like the best champagne, as you can imagine. 86 00:06:53,320 --> 00:06:57,200 She was able to survive the plane crash, but maybe what was even more remarkable 87 00:06:57,200 --> 00:07:03,260 is that she was able to survive eight days in the jungle with no prior 88 00:07:03,260 --> 00:07:09,560 jungle training or experience and no conditioning to be in the jungle. 89 00:07:11,160 --> 00:07:15,940 Of course, being the only survivor, it's an incredible story. But then the 90 00:07:15,940 --> 00:07:20,220 survival happens because you hear a voice directing you through it. 91 00:07:21,380 --> 00:07:22,440 It just shows. 92 00:07:22,890 --> 00:07:26,830 how we know very little about what happens in these kind of encounters and 93 00:07:26,830 --> 00:07:27,830 situations. 94 00:07:28,910 --> 00:07:35,910 On the afternoon, on the eighth day, out of nowhere, men came up the mountain. 95 00:07:37,770 --> 00:07:41,570 And they showed me a passenger list. 96 00:07:42,030 --> 00:07:44,670 And I had to point out my name. 97 00:07:45,290 --> 00:07:48,930 And I just realized how amazing it was that they actually found me. 98 00:07:50,630 --> 00:07:54,470 It may have been random chance, that allowed Annette to live through the 99 00:07:54,470 --> 00:07:55,470 horrific crash. 100 00:07:56,970 --> 00:08:01,830 But what was the so -called voice that gave her the guidance she needed to 101 00:08:01,830 --> 00:08:02,830 survive? 102 00:08:04,030 --> 00:08:08,270 A lot of people, when they get into dangerous situations, they'll say that 103 00:08:08,270 --> 00:08:11,190 had a voice tell them that they needed to do this, they needed to do that. 104 00:08:12,070 --> 00:08:18,590 We don't really know, scientifically, where these inner voices that tell you 105 00:08:18,590 --> 00:08:20,830 get out of the dangerous situation are coming from. 106 00:08:22,410 --> 00:08:29,310 Is it some kind of deep -seated electro -biochemical force that's 107 00:08:29,310 --> 00:08:31,910 innate in the brain that suddenly gets activated? 108 00:08:32,830 --> 00:08:35,470 Or is it something that comes from outside? 109 00:08:35,850 --> 00:08:41,309 Is it faith from an outside power that brings that energy to the person who's 110 00:08:41,309 --> 00:08:42,309 desperate need? 111 00:08:43,230 --> 00:08:46,670 Whether or not you view yourself as strong and capable, 112 00:08:47,390 --> 00:08:51,950 You have the potential to tap into these things and get in tune with these 113 00:08:51,950 --> 00:08:54,930 strengths, with these capabilities, whether you know it or not. 114 00:08:56,810 --> 00:09:01,010 Maybe there is something to this inner voice telling them the right way, and 115 00:09:01,010 --> 00:09:03,930 maybe some people have a better inner voice than others. 116 00:09:04,550 --> 00:09:07,010 And maybe there's just some dumb luck involved. 117 00:09:07,570 --> 00:09:11,970 It's possible that it's just one of those unexplained mysteries that we're 118 00:09:11,970 --> 00:09:12,970 going to figure out. 119 00:09:14,350 --> 00:09:16,530 We all have that voice inside of us. 120 00:09:17,230 --> 00:09:18,430 That we can listen to. 121 00:09:19,210 --> 00:09:22,730 Any extreme situations, it's always there to help you. 122 00:09:23,550 --> 00:09:27,210 Just listen to that voice. Be silent. It's there. It's there. 123 00:09:28,950 --> 00:09:33,950 Did the mysterious voice that guided Annette Herfkins to safety come from her 124 00:09:33,950 --> 00:09:34,950 subconscious? 125 00:09:35,650 --> 00:09:38,830 Or did she hear something that was far more mysterious? 126 00:09:39,810 --> 00:09:41,450 We may never know for certain. 127 00:09:43,370 --> 00:09:48,650 But perhaps further clues about extraordinary powers of survival lie in 128 00:09:48,650 --> 00:09:55,470 story of a man who reportedly escaped a mile -high death trap because of 129 00:09:55,470 --> 00:09:56,710 his faith in God. 130 00:10:02,690 --> 00:10:04,190 Havana, Cuba, 1969. 131 00:10:05,790 --> 00:10:10,530 After ten years of Fidel Castro's tight -fisted communist rule, The island 132 00:10:10,530 --> 00:10:12,650 nation's economy is in chaos. 133 00:10:14,510 --> 00:10:20,490 Food shortages and a government -mandated seven -day work week only 134 00:10:20,490 --> 00:10:24,130 heighten the Cuban people's sense of desperation and despair. 135 00:10:26,410 --> 00:10:31,910 Many attempt to flee Castro's oppressive regime only to be caught, imprisoned, 136 00:10:32,190 --> 00:10:33,430 or killed. 137 00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:42,520 But for 17 -year -old Armando Zuccarz, the chance for freedom and a better life 138 00:10:42,520 --> 00:10:44,740 are worth the risk. 139 00:10:47,080 --> 00:10:52,020 The political climate in Cuba in 1969 was at the peak of the oppression. 140 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:57,320 There was no freedom of speech, no freedom of religion. They controlled 141 00:10:57,320 --> 00:11:02,560 everything. My friend Jorge came to me with the idea of leaving, but we didn't 142 00:11:02,560 --> 00:11:03,219 know how. 143 00:11:03,220 --> 00:11:04,880 I didn't want to do it on the raft. 144 00:11:05,900 --> 00:11:10,480 because there were a lot of people dying in the process, very dangerous. 145 00:11:12,860 --> 00:11:17,560 My first plan was that we would leave in a real world on our plane. 146 00:11:19,320 --> 00:11:21,720 And I said, well, you're crazy. 147 00:11:22,800 --> 00:11:28,120 No, no, no, no. But then, the next day, I was thinking about it. Next day, I 148 00:11:28,120 --> 00:11:31,160 went and I called him back and said, hey, let's talk about this. 149 00:11:33,520 --> 00:11:35,120 The plan was indeed dangerous. 150 00:11:35,720 --> 00:11:38,360 If they were caught, it meant prison, or worse. 151 00:11:38,600 --> 00:11:41,400 If they weren't, they might die trying. 152 00:11:42,440 --> 00:11:47,000 But after some careful reconnaissance, Armando believed that he and his friend 153 00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:48,060 could pull it off. 154 00:11:49,120 --> 00:11:54,860 And on the morning of June 4, 1969, their bold plan would be put into 155 00:11:58,800 --> 00:12:03,920 Iberia Flight 904 was scheduled to depart Havana at 6 .30 p .m. 156 00:12:04,240 --> 00:12:07,280 arriving in Madrid, Spain, nine hours later. 157 00:12:07,920 --> 00:12:13,500 The DC -8 airplane was already taxiing to the end of the runway when Armando 158 00:12:13,500 --> 00:12:18,240 his friend crawled through the tall grass bordering the runway, ready to 159 00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:19,240 break. 160 00:12:19,940 --> 00:12:26,040 I saw my friend Horace Nerv start taking over on him. I said to him, this is it, 161 00:12:26,100 --> 00:12:27,100 let's go. 162 00:12:27,340 --> 00:12:28,340 Start running. 163 00:12:29,680 --> 00:12:30,680 And look. 164 00:12:30,990 --> 00:12:33,810 I saw it went there. I looked back. It was still sitting over there. 165 00:12:34,910 --> 00:12:36,310 I climbed up on myself. 166 00:12:37,450 --> 00:12:39,930 And at that moment, the wheels started moving. 167 00:12:41,210 --> 00:12:42,870 It was a half -pounding moment. 168 00:12:43,330 --> 00:12:46,250 And as it goes, it started taking off. 169 00:12:47,350 --> 00:12:50,770 I saw that the ground started separating from me. 170 00:12:51,970 --> 00:12:56,850 When the wheels started coming, then it got too close because I was obstructing 171 00:12:56,850 --> 00:12:58,750 the wheels to complete the function. 172 00:13:00,110 --> 00:13:06,130 This is a story from the pilot. He told me later that he saw my function on the 173 00:13:06,130 --> 00:13:08,670 dashboard. So he just called from the tower. 174 00:13:08,970 --> 00:13:10,410 Are you having any problems? 175 00:13:10,730 --> 00:13:14,330 He said, yes, but wheels are not retracted. 176 00:13:15,070 --> 00:13:20,390 So I'm going to try them out one time. If they don't get fixed, I'll come back 177 00:13:20,390 --> 00:13:21,390 and land again. 178 00:13:27,150 --> 00:13:28,310 The flood closed. 179 00:13:28,960 --> 00:13:30,380 There was no room to move around. 180 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:34,360 I said, the plane got higher. It started getting a little chill in there. 181 00:13:35,260 --> 00:13:36,840 And I didn't have no coat. 182 00:13:38,040 --> 00:13:43,160 Logged inside the wheel well and dangerously outside the pressurized 183 00:13:43,160 --> 00:13:47,900 the airplane, Armando began falling out of consciousness as the air outside 184 00:13:47,900 --> 00:13:51,100 screamed by at nearly 600 miles an hour. 185 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:57,500 Normally, the cruising altitude on a trip as far as Havana to Madrid you'd 186 00:13:57,500 --> 00:13:59,960 probably be up around 37 ,000 to 39 ,000 feet. 187 00:14:00,660 --> 00:14:05,560 At 37 ,000 feet, for somebody who has just experienced a rapid decompression, 188 00:14:05,660 --> 00:14:08,700 your time of useful consciousness is as little as eight seconds. 189 00:14:09,680 --> 00:14:14,460 At that altitude, you're going to be around temperatures that are minus 45 to 190 00:14:14,460 --> 00:14:15,460 degrees Fahrenheit. 191 00:14:17,360 --> 00:14:20,760 I watched this breathless. I couldn't take it no more. I said, this is it for 192 00:14:20,760 --> 00:14:21,780 me. I'm done. 193 00:14:22,700 --> 00:14:25,920 That's what I convinced myself to God. I said, I'm going to have God. 194 00:14:26,520 --> 00:14:27,520 I'm coming. 195 00:14:28,780 --> 00:14:34,540 Nine hours after taking off in Havana, Iberia Flight 904 landed in Madrid. 196 00:14:35,080 --> 00:14:39,260 And as the captain stood on the tarmac saying goodbye to his passengers, 197 00:14:40,020 --> 00:14:45,440 Armando's unconscious body fell from the wheel well onto the ground with a 198 00:14:45,440 --> 00:14:46,440 sickening thud. 199 00:14:48,980 --> 00:14:54,820 They found me with ice in my face, my hands, and the clothes were frozen. 200 00:14:55,970 --> 00:15:00,410 Stiff. No heartbeat, no pulse, no breathing. 201 00:15:00,690 --> 00:15:02,990 They opened my eyes and they were blank. 202 00:15:03,930 --> 00:15:05,650 So they gave me out for dead. 203 00:15:06,630 --> 00:15:10,050 And suddenly, I said, what is this? 204 00:15:11,590 --> 00:15:13,930 And one of them turned around and said, oh my goodness, it's alive. 205 00:15:15,450 --> 00:15:17,290 They asked me, where are you from? 206 00:15:17,610 --> 00:15:19,390 I said, I'm from Havana, Cuba. 207 00:15:19,730 --> 00:15:21,850 They said, yeah, but we found you outside the plane. 208 00:15:23,400 --> 00:15:26,660 I said, yeah, that's exactly what I was outside the plane. 209 00:15:27,320 --> 00:15:29,660 They said, it can't be. It is impossible. 210 00:15:31,880 --> 00:15:36,860 Incredible as it seems, for Armando, surviving in a mile -high death trap was 211 00:15:36,860 --> 00:15:38,440 indeed possible. 212 00:15:39,800 --> 00:15:40,800 But how? 213 00:15:42,720 --> 00:15:45,780 Medically, you're not dead until you're warm and dead. 214 00:15:46,260 --> 00:15:48,200 Armando was found without vital signs. 215 00:15:48,480 --> 00:15:49,880 He was hypothermic. 216 00:15:50,460 --> 00:15:56,060 I think what happened is because of the severe hypothermia is cardiac function 217 00:15:56,060 --> 00:16:00,240 decreased, the blood flow to the brain and organs decreased. 218 00:16:01,300 --> 00:16:06,360 There are reports in cases of people being found in the snow and ice, frozen 219 00:16:06,360 --> 00:16:09,980 without any vital signs that have made a full recovery. 220 00:16:11,320 --> 00:16:15,280 There's a thing called a mammalian response. If we reach certain... 221 00:16:15,640 --> 00:16:18,040 Cold temperatures, our bodies shut down. 222 00:16:18,240 --> 00:16:23,040 Instead of degrading and dying, it just goes into hibernation. Well, this is 223 00:16:23,040 --> 00:16:24,060 what happened to Armando. 224 00:16:24,940 --> 00:16:28,700 When he gets up to the 30 ,000 -foot atmosphere and he has no air to breathe, 225 00:16:28,900 --> 00:16:32,260 just a tiny amount of air, he goes into hypothermia. 226 00:16:32,760 --> 00:16:37,760 And then when the plane lands, his body starts to warm up, and then he comes 227 00:16:37,760 --> 00:16:38,760 back to. 228 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:45,630 Could Armando's amazing story of survival really be attributed to the act 229 00:16:45,630 --> 00:16:48,510 being frozen and then defrosted back to life? 230 00:16:49,310 --> 00:16:53,410 Or might there be another, even more profound explanation? 231 00:16:55,210 --> 00:16:59,730 The doctors said over and over and over, they said, there's no way you can be 232 00:16:59,730 --> 00:17:00,730 here alive. 233 00:17:00,790 --> 00:17:01,790 It's impossible. 234 00:17:02,510 --> 00:17:03,510 God intervened. 235 00:17:04,109 --> 00:17:08,490 That's my only explanation, because I was against all odds. 236 00:17:09,550 --> 00:17:15,470 If it wasn't my beliefs and my faith, I wouldn't be here talking to you. 237 00:17:17,190 --> 00:17:21,270 Was Armando's incredible survival due to divine intervention, as he claims? 238 00:17:22,290 --> 00:17:27,810 Or is it possible that the power of belief itself gave him the strength he 239 00:17:27,810 --> 00:17:29,750 needed to survive against all odds? 240 00:17:31,590 --> 00:17:34,750 It would seem that the answer is ultimately a matter of faith. 241 00:17:37,450 --> 00:17:41,230 However... There are other people who have been able to live through freezing 242 00:17:41,230 --> 00:17:47,890 temperatures not by looking to a higher power, but by indulging in the spirits 243 00:17:47,890 --> 00:17:48,990 of an earthly nature. 244 00:17:54,110 --> 00:17:56,950 Southampton, England, April 10, 1912. 245 00:17:59,150 --> 00:18:03,490 RMS Titanic sets out on her maiden voyage bound for New York. 246 00:18:06,630 --> 00:18:12,270 Billed as unsinkable, The more than 46 ,000 -ton vessel offers passengers the 247 00:18:12,270 --> 00:18:14,950 very latest in transatlantic comfort. 248 00:18:15,370 --> 00:18:19,890 But what the men, women, and children on board don't know, and could never 249 00:18:19,890 --> 00:18:25,150 suspect, is that Titanic will not reach its intended destination. 250 00:18:26,570 --> 00:18:32,510 The Titanic had 2 ,208 on board, 891 of whom were crewed. 251 00:18:33,710 --> 00:18:37,050 The Titanic was not just the largest and most luxurious. 252 00:18:37,560 --> 00:18:41,580 ocean liner at the time, but it was also seen as a kind of industrial miracle. 253 00:18:41,680 --> 00:18:44,640 It was the largest moving object in human history. 254 00:18:49,560 --> 00:18:51,960 It was four days into its voyage. 255 00:18:52,420 --> 00:18:57,020 Very late in the evening, about 20 minutes before midnight, the lookout 256 00:18:57,020 --> 00:18:59,480 a growler iceberg in its path. 257 00:19:00,060 --> 00:19:01,300 Iceberg, get ahead, sir! 258 00:19:01,820 --> 00:19:02,940 Iceberg, get ahead, sir. 259 00:19:03,380 --> 00:19:06,200 And unfortunately, the ship was going too fast. 260 00:19:06,760 --> 00:19:13,720 They tried to turn the ship, but the iceberg struck along the 261 00:19:13,720 --> 00:19:20,140 starboard bow, bashing in the riveted steel plates that comprised the 262 00:19:20,140 --> 00:19:21,140 Titanic's hull. 263 00:19:22,300 --> 00:19:28,940 The Titanic was proclaimed unthinkable because it had 16 so -called watertight 264 00:19:28,940 --> 00:19:35,640 compartments, except only the first forward four compartments at the bow. 265 00:19:36,190 --> 00:19:39,410 and four compartments at the stern were truly watertight. 266 00:19:39,990 --> 00:19:46,430 And this was the fatal flaw because the iceberg breached more than the first 267 00:19:46,430 --> 00:19:47,690 four compartments. 268 00:19:48,550 --> 00:19:50,870 And the order was given to man the lifeboat. 269 00:19:53,230 --> 00:19:56,850 It's endlessly repeated that there weren't enough lifeboats in the Titanic. 270 00:19:57,150 --> 00:19:58,730 And strictly speaking, it's true. 271 00:20:00,170 --> 00:20:04,490 Every passenger and every crew member had a different moment when they began 272 00:20:04,490 --> 00:20:08,350 move from complete defeat to concern and finally to panic. 273 00:20:09,690 --> 00:20:14,250 As panic spreads across the decks of the Titanic, male passengers scramble to 274 00:20:14,250 --> 00:20:16,710 place their wives and children on lifeboats. 275 00:20:17,030 --> 00:20:21,830 Many unfortunate souls choose to take their chances by jumping overboard into 276 00:20:21,830 --> 00:20:23,510 the frigid waters of the North Atlantic. 277 00:20:23,830 --> 00:20:25,130 They didn't live long. 278 00:20:26,050 --> 00:20:28,910 That is, with the remarkable exception of one man. 279 00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:32,400 Charles Jockin, the ship's chief baker. 280 00:20:35,080 --> 00:20:39,740 Charles Jockin was asleep in his bunk when the Titanic hit the iceberg, and 281 00:20:39,740 --> 00:20:45,180 where his quarters were, were a part of the ship that felt the collision quite 282 00:20:45,180 --> 00:20:50,380 significantly, so he sat up with a jolt and realised that there had been a 283 00:20:50,380 --> 00:20:54,920 fairly serious collision for the ship, and he went up on deck to see. 284 00:20:55,600 --> 00:21:01,370 When he heard that the order for lifeboats... had been given, he returned 285 00:21:01,370 --> 00:21:06,390 cabin and poured himself a tumbler full of liquor. 286 00:21:06,730 --> 00:21:08,670 And he drank a half tumbler full. 287 00:21:09,510 --> 00:21:15,470 Then he went back up on deck and helped to supervise the loading of lifeboat. He 288 00:21:15,470 --> 00:21:16,870 helped load lifeboat 10. 289 00:21:17,270 --> 00:21:21,510 After that lifeboat was loaded, he went back to his cabin and had another nip or 290 00:21:21,510 --> 00:21:26,010 two so that he was really quite well lit as it got later in the night. 291 00:21:27,370 --> 00:21:31,250 At about 2 .10, passengers reported hearing a thickening roar. 292 00:21:32,130 --> 00:21:35,950 And that was the bulkhead giving way under this incredible stress from the 293 00:21:35,950 --> 00:21:36,950 incoming ocean. 294 00:21:38,230 --> 00:21:44,230 After the Titanic broke in two, Jocken himself climbed onto the stern railing, 295 00:21:44,250 --> 00:21:46,130 not far from the flagpole. 296 00:21:47,070 --> 00:21:51,470 And as the ship sank, he rode it down like an elevator. 297 00:21:53,130 --> 00:21:54,830 The water temperature was... 298 00:21:55,160 --> 00:22:00,500 between minus one and minus two Celsius, or about 28 Fahrenheit, which is below 299 00:22:00,500 --> 00:22:01,500 freezing. 300 00:22:03,020 --> 00:22:07,940 Jocken then jumped or was washed overboard, depending on one's 301 00:22:07,940 --> 00:22:13,880 it, into the water and eventually reached one of the overturned lifeboats. 302 00:22:14,520 --> 00:22:20,040 He claimed he was floating in the water four times longer than the maximum 303 00:22:20,040 --> 00:22:23,260 survival for other passengers or crew. 304 00:22:23,840 --> 00:22:25,800 who hit the water after the ship sank. 305 00:22:26,700 --> 00:22:33,020 He was in the Atlantic for a lot longer than other survivors were. 306 00:22:34,440 --> 00:22:40,160 Jockin paddled around for a while and eventually came across the overturned 307 00:22:40,160 --> 00:22:46,700 collapsible lifeboat and at least 28 men found refuge there and survived on the 308 00:22:46,700 --> 00:22:50,420 back. Jockin said he paddled up to the lifeboat and was rebuffed. 309 00:22:50,660 --> 00:22:52,740 They said, no more men you'll think of. 310 00:22:54,280 --> 00:22:59,840 Of the 2 ,208 passengers and crew who sailed upon the Titanic on its maiden 311 00:22:59,840 --> 00:23:03,400 voyage, only 712 survived. 312 00:23:03,940 --> 00:23:07,440 1 ,496 perished. 313 00:23:08,580 --> 00:23:14,480 Among the survivors was Charles Jockin, who, after floating in 28 -degree water 314 00:23:14,480 --> 00:23:18,240 for nearly two hours, managed to stay alive. 315 00:23:19,240 --> 00:23:20,240 But how? 316 00:23:21,230 --> 00:23:24,690 He should have been a candidate to have his legs amputated. There should have 317 00:23:24,690 --> 00:23:27,370 been severe damage, and there wasn't. 318 00:23:27,590 --> 00:23:32,570 Jocken reached New York in relative good health. He went back to his career not 319 00:23:32,570 --> 00:23:33,630 long afterward. 320 00:23:34,390 --> 00:23:37,670 And when they asked him later, what do you think it was that allowed you to 321 00:23:37,670 --> 00:23:41,910 survive, he said that the alcohol warmed his blood and kept him alive. 322 00:23:42,350 --> 00:23:47,330 But no medical science shows that this is the case. In fact, it's believed that 323 00:23:47,330 --> 00:23:48,890 alcohol actually makes it worse. 324 00:23:49,360 --> 00:23:52,520 if you're encountering a situation of hypothermia. 325 00:23:53,760 --> 00:23:58,400 Experts say that when you drink alcohol, something called vasodilation occurs, 326 00:23:58,680 --> 00:24:03,560 and the blood goes to your skin, which is why your face turns red if you drink 327 00:24:03,560 --> 00:24:08,320 lot. So that when you actually are plunged into cold water, you're more 328 00:24:08,320 --> 00:24:14,140 susceptible to hypothermia. You actually would die more quickly if you were 329 00:24:14,140 --> 00:24:15,140 drunk. 330 00:24:15,460 --> 00:24:20,320 Alcohol is a toxin. Perhaps it drives your body temperature up because your 331 00:24:20,320 --> 00:24:22,720 immune system has to kick in and start fighting off a toxin. 332 00:24:23,200 --> 00:24:24,440 That's one possibility. 333 00:24:24,900 --> 00:24:31,700 The other possibility is that the alcohol in his system just kept him calm 334 00:24:31,700 --> 00:24:35,760 that he didn't panic and was able to survive longer because he kept a cool 335 00:24:35,760 --> 00:24:36,760 about it. 336 00:24:37,580 --> 00:24:41,380 So stories like Charles Jockin cause us to question. 337 00:24:42,160 --> 00:24:44,500 Was he different from normal people? 338 00:24:44,820 --> 00:24:48,860 How could he have survived temperatures like that for that long? 339 00:24:50,600 --> 00:24:53,980 We don't really know the answers to this, and maybe we'll never know. 340 00:24:57,580 --> 00:25:03,740 Did Charles Jockin possess some unique physiology that helped him survive one 341 00:25:03,740 --> 00:25:05,620 the darkest days in maritime history? 342 00:25:05,860 --> 00:25:10,300 Or was it liquor and luck that saved him? 343 00:25:11,130 --> 00:25:15,690 The same question could be asked of another ocean disaster, where a sailor 344 00:25:15,690 --> 00:25:20,170 managed to escape being trapped at the bottom of the sea. 345 00:25:25,890 --> 00:25:27,750 December 6th, 1941. 346 00:25:29,610 --> 00:25:36,110 As World War II rages throughout Europe, British Royal Navy submarine HMS 347 00:25:36,110 --> 00:25:39,690 Persis is patrolling the waters off the coast of Greece. 348 00:25:40,620 --> 00:25:44,820 With both German and Italian forces occupying Greece and the threat of 349 00:25:44,820 --> 00:25:48,840 underwater mines lurking, it is a dangerous mission. 350 00:25:50,380 --> 00:25:54,220 HMS Perthia is a 260 -foot submarine. 351 00:25:56,040 --> 00:26:00,400 She's on a mission sailing from Malta to Alexandria. 352 00:26:01,020 --> 00:26:05,880 HMS Perthia has carried 58 crew and two passengers. 353 00:26:07,340 --> 00:26:11,480 One of those two passengers is a sailor by the name of John Capes. He had 354 00:26:11,480 --> 00:26:15,180 hitched a ride aboard the submarine so that he could return to his home base in 355 00:26:15,180 --> 00:26:19,280 Alexandria, where the Perseus was scheduled to dock after its mission was 356 00:26:19,280 --> 00:26:20,280 complete. 357 00:26:21,400 --> 00:26:27,520 During the night, the submarine comes up to charge its batteries so that it can 358 00:26:27,520 --> 00:26:29,360 operate underwater during the day. 359 00:26:29,700 --> 00:26:34,600 And they go along very slowly, keeping a very, very sharp lookout. 360 00:26:35,790 --> 00:26:39,910 At approximately 10 p .m., the crew of the Perseus was awakened by a violent 361 00:26:39,910 --> 00:26:40,910 explosion. 362 00:26:43,310 --> 00:26:46,490 And everyone on board scrambled for their lives. 363 00:26:47,310 --> 00:26:54,250 She hit a mine, which made a big hole in the bows of the vessel, so that it sank 364 00:26:54,250 --> 00:26:55,930 very, very fast. 365 00:26:56,630 --> 00:27:02,250 The bottom junkheads happened to be in the safest place on the boat. 366 00:27:02,880 --> 00:27:05,260 place that was furthest away from the explosion. 367 00:27:05,600 --> 00:27:07,640 Capes is suddenly jolted awake. 368 00:27:07,960 --> 00:27:14,620 He kind of gets himself together, realizing what happened, and he goes 369 00:27:14,620 --> 00:27:16,060 to see what he can find. 370 00:27:17,660 --> 00:27:21,520 With only moments to spare, Capes has to act fast. 371 00:27:22,520 --> 00:27:28,020 Fortunately, he finds a potential lifeline in the form of an emergency 372 00:27:28,020 --> 00:27:32,420 suit. which is designed to protect sailors against the effects of water 373 00:27:32,420 --> 00:27:33,420 pressure. 374 00:27:34,260 --> 00:27:40,280 Exiting the submarine at a depth of some 170 feet, Capes and one of the crew's 375 00:27:40,280 --> 00:27:43,740 sailors desperately attempt to make their way to the surface. 376 00:27:44,400 --> 00:27:50,360 As if surviving both the explosion and death by drowning weren't enough, the 377 00:27:50,360 --> 00:27:54,460 tremendous weight of the water leaves them vulnerable to a potentially fatal 378 00:27:54,460 --> 00:27:56,980 condition dreaded by deep -sea divers. 379 00:27:57,660 --> 00:27:59,640 known as the bends. 380 00:28:01,340 --> 00:28:06,120 The bends is similar to opening up a can of soda. When you open up a can of 381 00:28:06,120 --> 00:28:11,680 soda, the gas that's in the liquid, which is carbon dioxide, all of a sudden 382 00:28:11,680 --> 00:28:15,800 starts releasing, bubbling to the top of the can of soda. 383 00:28:16,120 --> 00:28:19,120 So the nitrogen that's in the body does the same thing. 384 00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:23,620 So when you swim too fast, the nitrogen that's built up in the body tries to 385 00:28:23,620 --> 00:28:24,620 escape. 386 00:28:24,880 --> 00:28:29,680 And this can bubble out into any of the organs, including the heart, the brain, 387 00:28:29,780 --> 00:28:31,380 the lungs. It can cause malfunction. 388 00:28:31,960 --> 00:28:33,400 It can also kill you. 389 00:28:35,260 --> 00:28:39,560 Even though his escape suit was not rated to handle water pressure deeper 390 00:28:39,560 --> 00:28:43,060 100 feet, John Capes' will to survive was formidable. 391 00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:50,540 In spite of everything, including the bandits, he made it to the surface 392 00:28:50,540 --> 00:28:51,540 alive. 393 00:28:54,600 --> 00:29:01,320 Quite a swim. I think it was about six miles or so swimming. He reaches a 394 00:29:01,320 --> 00:29:07,820 rocky beach, manages to drag himself ashore, and collapses. 395 00:29:08,480 --> 00:29:15,060 It's amazing that John Cape's lungs did not explode, 396 00:29:15,220 --> 00:29:21,340 or at least hemorrhage badly as he was surfacing. Maybe this guy was just lucky 397 00:29:21,340 --> 00:29:23,120 enough that he was resilient enough. 398 00:29:23,580 --> 00:29:24,580 to survive. 399 00:29:27,100 --> 00:29:32,700 Against all odds, John Capes escaped what should have been a death sentence. 400 00:29:33,620 --> 00:29:38,840 He defied everything we know about both human physiology and the laws of 401 00:29:38,840 --> 00:29:40,740 physics. But how? 402 00:29:41,880 --> 00:29:47,280 So in the British Navy, for a long, long time, there had been an alcohol ration 403 00:29:47,280 --> 00:29:50,680 every day, and the rum was 95 % proof. 404 00:29:51,639 --> 00:29:56,920 And in order to settle his nerves, John Capes took a big swig out of his rum 405 00:29:56,920 --> 00:30:01,140 bottle. So I guess by the time that John Capes was actually leaving the 406 00:30:01,140 --> 00:30:03,900 submarine, he was more than a little bit drunk. 407 00:30:04,540 --> 00:30:08,820 Actually, drinking alcohol might have helped him out. It could have lowered 408 00:30:08,820 --> 00:30:11,520 blood pressure a little bit, and it could have actually kept him calm. 409 00:30:12,020 --> 00:30:16,380 Both of those are things that you may need in this type of situation. You need 410 00:30:16,380 --> 00:30:17,900 to remain calm in an emergency. 411 00:30:18,510 --> 00:30:22,030 And your blood pressure was going to get really high at some point. And so if 412 00:30:22,030 --> 00:30:25,550 you have a way to artificially bring it down some, I suspect that helped. 413 00:30:27,030 --> 00:30:32,710 Unfortunately, John Capes' story was so remarkable, so inexplicable, that many 414 00:30:32,710 --> 00:30:34,070 people didn't believe it was true. 415 00:30:35,930 --> 00:30:39,910 They even went so far as to question whether or not he had ever been on the 416 00:30:39,910 --> 00:30:41,150 submarine in the first place. 417 00:30:43,030 --> 00:30:47,430 People didn't believe that you could survive that escape from. 418 00:30:47,800 --> 00:30:53,200 170 feet, so there were all sorts of people cast doubts on John Capes. 419 00:30:54,760 --> 00:31:01,440 And it wasn't until nearly 50 years later when divers discovered the wreck 420 00:31:01,480 --> 00:31:08,320 Muth Party that there was the hatch opened and John 421 00:31:08,320 --> 00:31:14,700 Capes' story was at last validated and his behaviour and his 422 00:31:14,700 --> 00:31:16,100 courage was rewarded. 423 00:31:18,000 --> 00:31:22,180 How did John Capes summon the courage he needed to overcome seemingly 424 00:31:22,180 --> 00:31:26,280 insurmountable odds and make it out of the submarine alive? 425 00:31:27,880 --> 00:31:32,120 It's hard to imagine how anyone could find the nerve to do what Capes did. 426 00:31:33,200 --> 00:31:38,360 But the fact is that somehow he managed to defy death. 427 00:31:39,880 --> 00:31:43,800 But remarkably, there are those who have not only survived a deadly 428 00:31:43,800 --> 00:31:44,800 circumstance, 429 00:31:45,880 --> 00:31:51,880 They actually attract danger again and again and again. 430 00:31:57,220 --> 00:32:00,900 Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, July 1969. 431 00:32:03,040 --> 00:32:09,780 Park Ranger Roy Sullivan is driving south along Skyline Drive when suddenly 432 00:32:09,780 --> 00:32:14,760 bolt of lightning strikes him through the open windows of his truck. 433 00:32:17,000 --> 00:32:21,580 Roy Sullivan was struck by lightning driving along a mountain road. He wasn't 434 00:32:21,580 --> 00:32:22,660 hurt that much. 435 00:32:22,980 --> 00:32:24,080 He was lucky. 436 00:32:24,560 --> 00:32:28,280 Lightning can cause all kinds of damage to a person. 437 00:32:29,580 --> 00:32:31,760 It can injure one's nerves. 438 00:32:31,980 --> 00:32:36,980 It can cause headaches that last for many, many months, if not years. 439 00:32:37,740 --> 00:32:40,780 And, of course, a lightning strike can be fatal. 440 00:32:42,080 --> 00:32:44,320 The blast burned off Roy's hair. 441 00:32:44,940 --> 00:32:47,300 and left a black burn mark on his ranger hat. 442 00:32:49,140 --> 00:32:52,780 One out of every ten people struck by lightning dies. 443 00:32:53,840 --> 00:32:58,000 Those who survive often suffer debilitating lifelong injuries. 444 00:32:58,920 --> 00:33:05,520 But somehow, Roy Sullivan walked away relatively unscathed. 445 00:33:06,240 --> 00:33:12,560 But what's even more remarkable is that between 1942 and 1977, Roy 446 00:33:12,560 --> 00:33:17,630 Sullivan... was struck by lightning on six more occasions and survived. 447 00:33:18,790 --> 00:33:21,170 Each and every time. 448 00:33:22,550 --> 00:33:27,930 Roy Sullivan was in the Guinness Book of Records for having been the person who 449 00:33:27,930 --> 00:33:30,490 was hit the most in his lifetime by lightning. 450 00:33:30,710 --> 00:33:36,990 He was dubbed the human lightning rod, spark ranger, and lightning man. 451 00:33:38,470 --> 00:33:42,750 There are a number of factors that increase Sullivan's odds of being 452 00:33:43,880 --> 00:33:50,160 He was outdoors, not only on tops of mountains, but on lookout towers, moving 453 00:33:50,160 --> 00:33:52,420 around a lot in open spaces. 454 00:33:53,060 --> 00:33:57,500 But the fact that he was hit seven times and didn't die is incredible. 455 00:34:00,120 --> 00:34:03,640 Lightning is one of the most devastating forces on Earth. 456 00:34:04,400 --> 00:34:10,480 A single bolt can carry more than 100 million volts of electricity and is five 457 00:34:10,480 --> 00:34:11,480 times hotter. 458 00:34:12,090 --> 00:34:13,290 in the surface of the sun. 459 00:34:14,090 --> 00:34:18,710 So how was Roy Sullivan able to survive such destructive power? 460 00:34:18,969 --> 00:34:20,290 Seven times. 461 00:34:22,409 --> 00:34:28,350 Well, according to some experts, it might have been because certain people's 462 00:34:28,350 --> 00:34:32,270 bodies are more resistant to being electrocuted. 463 00:34:33,909 --> 00:34:37,530 The human body is not the greatest conductor for electricity. 464 00:34:38,699 --> 00:34:42,580 But in these cases, maybe there are compounds in their bloodstream that do 465 00:34:42,580 --> 00:34:48,320 increase their ability to generate energy or hold energy. 466 00:34:49,120 --> 00:34:55,880 For example, someone who has a higher degree of iron in their bloodstream 467 00:34:55,880 --> 00:34:59,000 potentially conduct lightning a little bit better. 468 00:35:00,680 --> 00:35:05,440 Is it possible that Roy Sullivan possessed some physical or genetic trait 469 00:35:05,440 --> 00:35:07,180 allowed him to both attract lightning? 470 00:35:07,560 --> 00:35:12,140 and withstand surges of electricity that could otherwise kill a normal human? 471 00:35:13,560 --> 00:35:17,440 Perhaps a clue can be found by examining another person who was struck by 472 00:35:17,440 --> 00:35:18,920 lightning multiple times. 473 00:35:19,400 --> 00:35:20,780 I'd love to tell about it. 474 00:35:24,080 --> 00:35:26,360 Oologa, Oklahoma, 1978. 475 00:35:27,860 --> 00:35:32,660 After a long day of competition, bull rider Carl Mize is about to head home 476 00:35:32,660 --> 00:35:36,620 he grabs the door handle of his truck and is instantly hit. 477 00:35:37,100 --> 00:35:38,740 by a powerful bolt of lightning. 478 00:35:40,440 --> 00:35:45,460 Right when it happened, I knew I'd struck the lightning, the flash of the 479 00:35:45,460 --> 00:35:48,140 and the shock, you know, that went through my arm and through my body. 480 00:35:48,480 --> 00:35:54,500 And it knocked me back four or five foot on my tail end. And I just jumped up 481 00:35:54,500 --> 00:35:58,720 and tried to brush the mud off and got in my truck and left. 482 00:36:00,080 --> 00:36:04,880 Aside from some achy muscles, Carl was left uninjured by the experience. 483 00:36:05,720 --> 00:36:09,920 And like most people, he wasn't worried about this happening again because he 484 00:36:09,920 --> 00:36:13,360 believed the old adage that lightning never strikes twice. 485 00:36:14,560 --> 00:36:21,240 But between 1994 and 2006, Carl was struck by lightning 486 00:36:21,240 --> 00:36:25,500 an astonishing five more times. 487 00:36:27,680 --> 00:36:32,260 For 39 years, I've worked at the University of Oklahoma in the electrical 488 00:36:32,260 --> 00:36:33,700 department in the utility shop. 489 00:36:34,170 --> 00:36:36,770 and we take care of all the high -voltage electricity. 490 00:36:37,390 --> 00:36:42,590 So I often think there's got to be something that, you know, attracts 491 00:36:42,590 --> 00:36:46,010 to me because it's just unheard of to be struck that many times. 492 00:36:47,450 --> 00:36:52,430 After each incident, doctors who examined Carl were shocked to discover 493 00:36:52,430 --> 00:36:53,430 injuries were minor. 494 00:36:53,950 --> 00:36:58,150 None of his internal organs suffered the kind of significant damage normally 495 00:36:58,150 --> 00:37:00,670 seen in victims of lightning strikes. 496 00:37:01,840 --> 00:37:05,580 There's not a whole lot of people that get struck by lightning, so doctors 497 00:37:05,580 --> 00:37:08,080 really treat you as a guinea pig. 498 00:37:09,060 --> 00:37:15,280 They actually had a man come down that was an electrical engineer to 499 00:37:15,280 --> 00:37:17,780 measure the DC voltage in my body. 500 00:37:18,740 --> 00:37:23,180 A common person has six volts DC to run your body. 501 00:37:23,580 --> 00:37:29,160 Whenever they tested me, I had 1 .7 DC volts in my body. 502 00:37:31,110 --> 00:37:33,190 conductive than an average person. 503 00:37:33,630 --> 00:37:38,850 And it makes me wonder, and even the doctors have wondered too, could have 504 00:37:38,850 --> 00:37:39,990 been what's kept me alive? 505 00:37:41,750 --> 00:37:46,230 The stories of Carl Mize and Roy Sullivan offer living proof that 506 00:37:46,230 --> 00:37:48,230 indeed strike twice. 507 00:37:49,170 --> 00:37:53,990 And it's a strange thought to know that your body can both attract and protect 508 00:37:53,990 --> 00:37:56,310 you from life -threatening danger. 509 00:37:57,230 --> 00:38:03,550 But there are times when survival may come down to simply grabbing whatever 510 00:38:03,550 --> 00:38:04,550 can hold on to. 511 00:38:10,110 --> 00:38:13,190 New York City, December 7th, 2007. 512 00:38:14,570 --> 00:38:17,150 47 stories above the ground. 513 00:38:18,630 --> 00:38:24,110 Brothers Alcides and Edgar Moreno step onto a hanging platform to wash windows. 514 00:38:24,610 --> 00:38:29,050 But when they start working, disaster strikes. 515 00:38:33,130 --> 00:38:37,050 One cable snap, I hold it out to the platform. 516 00:38:37,870 --> 00:38:39,690 Hey, my brother fell off. 517 00:38:40,150 --> 00:38:46,370 Another cable snap and free fall. The platform comes and free fall all the way 518 00:38:46,370 --> 00:38:47,370 down. 519 00:38:51,750 --> 00:38:56,570 Edgar plunges 472 feet onto a fence, dying instantly. 520 00:38:57,430 --> 00:39:00,250 But as emergency responders arrive on the scene, 521 00:39:00,970 --> 00:39:05,010 They approach the wreckage of the scaffolding and are shocked to discover 522 00:39:05,010 --> 00:39:06,870 Alcides is still alive. 523 00:39:08,670 --> 00:39:14,190 Mr. Moreno actually fell with the scaffolding and landed onto some garbage 524 00:39:14,190 --> 00:39:15,190 in the alleyway. 525 00:39:16,150 --> 00:39:21,250 Our rescue paramedics, they thought that it was going to be a recovery, but when 526 00:39:21,250 --> 00:39:24,430 they got to him, he opened his eyes and took a breath. 527 00:39:26,110 --> 00:39:28,150 Alcides was rushed to the hospital for surgery. 528 00:39:29,450 --> 00:39:34,230 Several of his vertebrae had been crushed, and his skull was fractured, 529 00:39:34,230 --> 00:39:35,230 his brain to swell. 530 00:39:36,450 --> 00:39:42,250 He was given 24 pints of blood and put into a drug -induced coma, undergoing 15 531 00:39:42,250 --> 00:39:43,250 more surgeries. 532 00:39:44,950 --> 00:39:50,370 But on January 18th, a mere six weeks after his accident, Alcides was 533 00:39:50,370 --> 00:39:51,370 from the hospital. 534 00:39:58,800 --> 00:40:05,700 The medical staff from the hospital, when they see that, wow, they say, this 535 00:40:05,700 --> 00:40:06,700 is a miracle. 536 00:40:08,600 --> 00:40:13,820 Any fall from greater than one and a half times your own height is considered 537 00:40:13,820 --> 00:40:15,060 potentially deadly. 538 00:40:15,340 --> 00:40:20,220 So for someone to fall from this great a height and live a productive life is 539 00:40:20,220 --> 00:40:21,220 absolutely fascinating. 540 00:40:23,600 --> 00:40:26,860 Statistically, falling from a height greater than 40 feet is almost always 541 00:40:26,860 --> 00:40:33,120 fatal. So how did Alcides Moreno survive a fall from more than ten times that 542 00:40:33,120 --> 00:40:34,120 high? 543 00:40:34,900 --> 00:40:38,540 It's not the falling that kills you, it's the stopping. 544 00:40:39,940 --> 00:40:46,540 And so if there is a tree, bushes, wreckage that's between you and what you 545 00:40:46,640 --> 00:40:49,140 those factors contribute to survival. 546 00:40:49,900 --> 00:40:55,060 And so the main factor that caused Alcides Moreno to survive is that 547 00:40:55,060 --> 00:40:56,060 that he was on. 548 00:40:56,480 --> 00:40:58,760 He held on to that all the way down. 549 00:40:59,500 --> 00:41:05,500 He didn't fall directly 47 stories without anything cushioning his fall. 550 00:41:06,900 --> 00:41:13,340 In just about any emergency, your initial reactions are going to be a big 551 00:41:13,340 --> 00:41:14,340 of your survival. 552 00:41:15,060 --> 00:41:19,020 These can be the little things that make the difference between life and death. 553 00:41:19,760 --> 00:41:22,880 It shows everybody that... 554 00:41:23,310 --> 00:41:26,310 They're capable of a lot more than we realize. 555 00:41:26,850 --> 00:41:31,370 It just takes these extraordinary circumstances to show us that. 556 00:41:34,130 --> 00:41:38,490 So, what can we learn from these remarkable cases of people who were able 557 00:41:38,490 --> 00:41:39,530 defy death? 558 00:41:40,930 --> 00:41:46,010 While many survival stories involve a fair amount of luck, it's also clear 559 00:41:46,010 --> 00:41:50,890 in times of great danger, certain individuals possess a powerful will to 560 00:41:52,970 --> 00:41:54,070 Not fully understood. 561 00:41:54,590 --> 00:42:00,650 And in all likelihood will remain unexplained. 49348

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