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Throughout time, governments
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and the people who work for them
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have done strange
and even terrible things
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in the name of national interest,
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and sometimes they turn
to unlikely allies for help.
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Tonight, a partnership with the FBI
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transforms a small time gangster
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- into Boston's kingpin.
- It's crazy.
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You have this
combination of this FBI deal
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and a crooked agent
giving bulger the power
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to take over the Boston mob world.
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The CIA commissions
assassins from the underworld.
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They have to get Castro
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out of the picture permanently.
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It's a bold and risky move.
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The idea of the CIA
partnering with the mafia
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is so outrageous that no
one will possibly believe it.
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And a pharmaceutical
company partners with the Nazis
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to create super soldiers.
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They take the entire
country in five weeks.
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It's a crushing victory.
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It's time to bring these
unholy alliances to light.
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It's 1945.
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World war ii is coming to an end,
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and the allies are hunting
down Nazi war criminals,
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but when many of
the fuhrer's henchmen
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escape to freedom in South America,
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it's clear someone is aiding them.
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Who could be helping the Nazis escape?
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When world war ii ends,
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the allies are obviously desperate
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to capture every surviving Nazi
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and put them on trial
for their horrific crime,
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but amongst the Nazis trying to flee
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are hundreds of thousands
of displaced refugees,
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all on the move and all in search
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of a new life abroad.
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To prevent Nazis escaping, every road,
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train, and boat leaving
Europe is being watched.
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Nothing and no one leaves
without being checked.
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They tightened up the travel restrictions
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to the extent that really there
was only one Avenue available,
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and that was obtaining a red cross visa
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that would allow you to get out.
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Despite the allies capturing hundreds
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of high ranking Nazis, many of Hitler's
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most senior officers are missing.
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The U.S. believes someone
is helping them escape Europe.
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But who?
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In 1947, an American attaché
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in Rome named Vincent
la vista is put in charge
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of monitoring this situation
to determine whether or not
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former third reich officials
or military members
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were attempting to use the red cross visa
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to escape from justice.
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La vista starts the
investigation at the red cross.
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And that's when he hears
that there's something called
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the papal refugee center.
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Apparently, some refugees there
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are able to get a Vatican issued letter
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of recommendation
to leave, which means
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they can skip the red
cross's background checks.
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La vista asks his contacts
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if there's been any suspicious activity
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at the refugee center.
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One name starts to
come up again and again,
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a mysterious German based
in Rome known as Dr. Nix.
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What la vista discovers is
that this mysterious doctor
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is one of the leading characters
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facilitating these pathways
that are being used
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by former third reich officials
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to escape out of
Germany and into Rome
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and then South America.
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Dr. Nix and his collaborators
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are using escape routes called ratlines,
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a reference to rats
getting off a sinking ship.
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But even more shocking
is who is protecting nix.
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An anonymous source
tells la vista that nix,
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he's being sheltered inside the Vatican.
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Apparently, nix not only has
the protection of the Vatican,
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he's actively working for the Vatican.
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The theory is that nix is
sheltering the Nazis in Rome,
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and he's connecting
them with catholic bishops
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who can assist them
in obtaining these letters
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and identity paperwork that are critical
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for them to achieve the red cross visas
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that will allow them to leave Italy.
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The Vatican is working hand in hand
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with Nazi war criminals
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because the church and the
Nazis share common ground.
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They both despise communists.
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In the aftermath of the conflict,
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there are major communist movements
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in czechoslovakia and
France and also in Italy.
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Communism was in direct conflict
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with the Roman catholic church
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because it is atheistic at its core.
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And the catholic church is concerned
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that communist leaders will take over
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Europe and Latin America.
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South America is almost entirely catholic.
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The Vatican is absolutely
terrified about anything
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that might hinder its influence
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among catholic
populations around the world.
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Anyone that opposes
the spread of communism
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is someone that ought to be supported.
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And surprise, surprise,
if there's anybody in 1945
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that has a reputation
for being anti-communist,
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it's the Nazis.
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So someone gets the idea
to give them free passage
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out of Europe and set them up as allies
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to fight communism and
save the catholic church
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across the globe.
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La vista sends everything he has
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on the Nazis and the Vatican
back to the U.S. government,
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but the report disappears.
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It will be 37 years before
the Vatican's dark secret
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and U.S. silence will be revealed.
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In 1983, historian and
renowned Nazi hunter
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Charles r. Allen Jr. files
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a freedom of information act request.
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It unearths a really dark
chapter of Vatican history
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helping Nazis escape justice.
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The story is picked up
by "the New York times"
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and becomes a global news sensation.
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All eyes turn to the
Vatican demanding answers.
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The Vatican strongly denies
being involved in this process,
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and that instead, a series of
rogue bishops acting alone,
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they were responsible for doing this
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and that they were all
stripped of their positions,
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and they're no longer a problem.
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The U.S. doesn't just turn a blind eye
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to the Nazis on the run.
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It gives them jobs.
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They recruit hundreds
of German scientists
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to fight on a new frontier
against the Soviets in space.
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In July of 1969,
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650 million people tune in to watch...
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Ignition sequence start.
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The enormous saturn v rocket
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launch American astronauts out of orbit
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and towards the moon.
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Then four days later,
they make it to the moon
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and Neil Armstrong etches
his name into the history books.
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One of the most proud viewers
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of the launch of the saturn v rocket
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was the man that was
at the heart of its creation,
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wernher Von braun.
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He was the face of the
American rocket program
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for more than two
decades, and the saturn v
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was the culmination of a lifetime spent
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inventing and testing rockets.
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By the late 1960s, wernher Von braun
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is a household name
in the United States,
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and he's even been on the
cover of "time" magazine.
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But very few people know what he did
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before building rockets for NASA.
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In 1985, "the New York times"
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exposes the truth
about Von braun's past.
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The article takes a deep
dive into declassified files
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that were produced as a result
of a freedom of information act
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request by a journalist
named Linda hunt.
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Hunt found that Von braun
was a commissioned major
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in the waffen ss, a branch
of the German military
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notorious for being a place
where the true believers went.
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Ss major Von braun's past
shocks the American public,
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but not the U.S. government.
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They knew about it all along.
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He's not some disassociated scientist
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who's just inventing rockets.
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His production facilities for the rockets
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that he's so devoted
to employ slave labor,
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and those slaves are
literally being worked to death,
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and Von braun is well aware of that fact.
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At the same time, they're
prosecuting Nazi criminals
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at nuremberg, the American government
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were prepared to Bury their morals
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just so they can beat the
Soviets in the space race.
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The contradiction just blows your mind.
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Von braun is far from
the only Nazi scientist
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working in the U.S.
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It turns out there are more like him.
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Hunt reveals a top secret
operation called paperclip
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that president Truman authorized
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during the closing weeks
of the second world war.
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Operation paperclip is a program
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to try to capture as many Nazi scientists
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and engineers as possible.
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Germany was regarded as
the mecca of hard science.
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So the Nazis we really
want are the Nazis
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that are a part of their
high technology programs,
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and we'll do almost anything to
get our hands on those people.
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We're going to have to hold our noses
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and accept any help
that we can potentially get
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from these Nazi inventors
in order to be able to offset
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the rising power of the Soviets.
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Secrets fester if left uncovered,
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but thanks to Linda hunt,
the truth about Von braun
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and operation paperclip is revealed.
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For decades, James whitey bulger
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runs Boston's
underworld with an iron fist.
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He's in that position
because the authorities
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who should be taking him down
are actually working with him.
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It's January 1995.
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It's early in the evening and
workers are headed home,
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but the day has only
just begun for the FBI
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and the Massachusetts state police
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sitting in unmarked cars,
staking out a restaurant.
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For the last six years,
the FBI and the state police
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have been trying to build
an airtight case against
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two of the city's most
reputed mob leaders,
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James whitey bulger and his
number two, Stephen flemmi.
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Bulger is not above utilizing any means
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to consolidate power in the city.
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He's connected to some 19 murderers
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and is seen as a vicious
and ambitious gangster.
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The task force is finally
ready to make their arrests.
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The plan is for the
Massachusetts state police
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to grab flemmi while
the FBI simultaneously
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takes down bulger.
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The state police were able to
corner the unsuspecting flemmi.
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But when the FBI swoops
in to arrest bulger, he is gone
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and nowhere to be found.
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This isn't the first time
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he has slipped through the net.
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Very few people knew
about the coordinated arrests,
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so the state police want to know,
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how does bulger keep getting away?
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They become so
suspicious that they start
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to actually think that someone in the FBI
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is tipping bulger off.
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The FBI was actually
starting to get frustrated
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by these accusations that
were being made against them
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by the state police.
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So in a show of good faith,
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they have now joined
forces with the state police
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to lead the investigation into bulger.
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The FBI investigation does not say
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how bulger evades capture.
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That only comes out three years later
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at the trial of his right
hand man, Stephen flemmi.
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When Stephen flemmi takes the stand
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at his racketeering trial,
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he's got a bombshell secret to share.
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He reveals that he and bulger
had been recruited by the FBI
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in the early 1970s, and have been
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protected informants ever since.
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Flemmi's testimony forces the FBI
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to admit their alliance with bulger.
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They confirm that bulger
was recruited in 1975
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by FBI agent John
connolly to help take down
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one of Boston's most powerful
mafia families, the patriarcas.
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The deal was simple.
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If bulger was to feed the FBI
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enough intel on the patriarcas,
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they would turn a blind eye
to all his criminal ventures
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and provide him with
immunity from prosecution.
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Just like that.
259
00:13:39,520 --> 00:13:41,560
According to flemmi, the FBI isn't just
260
00:13:41,680 --> 00:13:44,760
turning a blind eye to bulger's crimes.
261
00:13:44,880 --> 00:13:48,600
At least one fed is actively helping him.
262
00:13:48,720 --> 00:13:51,400
Flemmi's testimony is damning.
263
00:13:51,520 --> 00:13:54,440
He tells the court that every time
264
00:13:54,560 --> 00:13:57,360
law enforcement built a
case against him and bulger,
265
00:13:57,480 --> 00:13:59,640
they were tipped off by an insider,
266
00:13:59,760 --> 00:14:02,560
which allowed them to stay
one step ahead of the law.
267
00:14:04,680 --> 00:14:06,760
The man on the inside, flemmi lets go,
268
00:14:06,880 --> 00:14:09,960
is actually their FBI
handler, John connolly,
269
00:14:10,080 --> 00:14:11,360
who's been working with the pair
270
00:14:11,480 --> 00:14:14,040
for more than 20 years.
271
00:14:14,160 --> 00:14:18,080
The Boston FBI is caught
completely off guard.
272
00:14:18,200 --> 00:14:20,760
They discover that connolly and bulger
273
00:14:20,880 --> 00:14:23,120
had actually grown up
in the same neighborhood
274
00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:25,120
and developed a personal relationship.
275
00:14:25,240 --> 00:14:26,760
They were old pals.
276
00:14:26,880 --> 00:14:28,840
The revelation is just mind blowing.
277
00:14:28,960 --> 00:14:34,120
But why would FBI break
bread with a notorious gangster?
278
00:14:35,920 --> 00:14:38,560
Because of their close
ties, once bulger becomes
279
00:14:38,680 --> 00:14:39,800
a confidential informant,
280
00:14:39,920 --> 00:14:42,160
connolly is easily corrupted by him.
281
00:14:42,280 --> 00:14:43,720
So in exchange for bribes,
282
00:14:43,840 --> 00:14:45,920
connolly is feeding bulger information
283
00:14:46,040 --> 00:14:47,880
about the police investigations.
284
00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:50,760
The relationship with connolly and bulger
285
00:14:50,880 --> 00:14:55,560
is exactly what empowers
bulger to basically become
286
00:14:55,680 --> 00:14:59,360
the kingpin of the mob world.
287
00:14:59,480 --> 00:15:00,600
It's crazy.
288
00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:03,640
You have this
combination of this FBI deal
289
00:15:03,760 --> 00:15:07,120
and a crooked agent
giving bulger the power
290
00:15:07,240 --> 00:15:08,880
to take over the Boston mob world.
291
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:10,320
They made a monster.
292
00:15:12,160 --> 00:15:14,840
By 1999, the FBI has
gathered enough evidence
293
00:15:14,960 --> 00:15:16,400
to arrest connolly.
294
00:15:17,800 --> 00:15:19,640
He's eventually convicted of racketeering
295
00:15:19,760 --> 00:15:21,160
and second-degree murder
296
00:15:21,280 --> 00:15:23,680
and is sentenced to 40 years in prison.
297
00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:27,960
Meanwhile, bulger remains a fugitive
298
00:15:28,080 --> 00:15:31,320
on the FBI's most
wanted list for 16 years.
299
00:15:32,960 --> 00:15:36,880
In 2011, they finally
take whitey bulger down.
300
00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:40,880
At his trial, he is
sentenced to life in jail.
301
00:15:42,800 --> 00:15:45,520
But seven years later,
bulger pays the ultimate price.
302
00:15:45,640 --> 00:15:48,240
For all those years as an FBI informant,
303
00:15:48,360 --> 00:15:51,880
an ex-mafia hitman
murders him in his prison cell.
304
00:15:57,920 --> 00:15:59,120
It's 2019 in Berlin.
305
00:15:59,240 --> 00:16:02,040
A man is gunned down in cold blood.
306
00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:05,440
The dead man is a
well-known enemy of Russia,
307
00:16:05,560 --> 00:16:09,080
and his killer's name is a mystery.
308
00:16:14,800 --> 00:16:17,160
An assassin is in the bushes
309
00:16:17,280 --> 00:16:19,080
waiting for a Georgian national
310
00:16:19,200 --> 00:16:23,920
to come walking by in
a public park in Berlin.
311
00:16:24,040 --> 00:16:27,040
His target is zelimkhan khangoshvili,
312
00:16:27,160 --> 00:16:29,480
a longtime enemy of the Russian state
313
00:16:29,600 --> 00:16:31,160
who has fought against them in two wars
314
00:16:31,280 --> 00:16:35,360
in the '90s and was now
living in exile in Germany.
315
00:16:37,200 --> 00:16:40,000
Khangoshvili walks past.
316
00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:42,560
The hitman emerges from the bushes.
317
00:16:46,800 --> 00:16:52,200
He fires, and khangoshvili dies instantly.
318
00:16:52,320 --> 00:16:56,320
After the assassination,
despite trying to blend in,
319
00:16:56,440 --> 00:17:00,440
the German police find this
guy and quickly arrest him.
320
00:17:00,560 --> 00:17:03,320
The assassin is carrying
a Russian passport
321
00:17:03,440 --> 00:17:05,840
under the name of vadim sokolov,
322
00:17:05,960 --> 00:17:09,720
but neither the passport
nor its holder is real.
323
00:17:09,840 --> 00:17:12,040
When the assassin is apprehended
324
00:17:12,160 --> 00:17:15,680
and they find his passport
under the name vadim sokolov,
325
00:17:15,800 --> 00:17:17,480
they go searching through the records
326
00:17:17,600 --> 00:17:18,960
but aren't able to find this guy.
327
00:17:19,080 --> 00:17:20,680
He's a ghost. It isn't a real name.
328
00:17:20,800 --> 00:17:23,040
It isn't a real passport.
329
00:17:23,160 --> 00:17:25,040
The German police
announce to the world
330
00:17:25,160 --> 00:17:27,760
that they have arrested a killer,
331
00:17:27,880 --> 00:17:30,240
but they have no idea who he is.
332
00:17:30,360 --> 00:17:33,280
The news explodes around the world.
333
00:17:33,400 --> 00:17:34,640
Everyone wants to know,
334
00:17:34,760 --> 00:17:37,040
who is this mysterious assassin?
335
00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:41,000
Who is he working for,
and has he killed before?
336
00:17:43,960 --> 00:17:46,480
A group of European journalists
337
00:17:46,600 --> 00:17:48,400
start investigating this murder,
338
00:17:48,520 --> 00:17:51,880
and they go out looking
for other assassinations
339
00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:53,600
that there are similar methods used,
340
00:17:53,720 --> 00:17:57,240
and they find one that's
eerily similar to this.
341
00:17:57,360 --> 00:18:00,560
Six years earlier in Moscow in 2013,
342
00:18:00,680 --> 00:18:03,400
a Russian entrepreneur is
gunned down in the street.
343
00:18:03,520 --> 00:18:05,160
Like the Berlin murder,
344
00:18:05,280 --> 00:18:07,120
it looks like a professional hit job.
345
00:18:07,240 --> 00:18:09,400
The killer shot his victim multiple times
346
00:18:09,520 --> 00:18:12,120
and fled on a bicycle.
347
00:18:12,240 --> 00:18:16,920
The prime suspect in the case
is a man named vadim krasikov.
348
00:18:17,040 --> 00:18:20,040
The investigative
journalists want to know,
349
00:18:20,160 --> 00:18:24,960
are krasikov and
sokolov the same person?
350
00:18:25,080 --> 00:18:27,760
Back in 2013, Russian
police quickly launched
351
00:18:27,880 --> 00:18:29,680
a worldwide search for him
352
00:18:29,800 --> 00:18:32,320
and a red notice warrant
was filed with Interpol.
353
00:18:32,440 --> 00:18:34,920
There's an interesting
thing about this red notice.
354
00:18:35,040 --> 00:18:37,600
It has a picture on it, and that picture
355
00:18:37,720 --> 00:18:40,240
is almost identical to the person
356
00:18:40,360 --> 00:18:42,400
that they know as vadim sokolov.
357
00:18:44,000 --> 00:18:45,840
So they discovered that sokolov is
358
00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:48,680
actually a guy named krasikov.
359
00:18:48,800 --> 00:18:52,040
In December 2019,
the journalists hand over
360
00:18:52,160 --> 00:18:54,280
their findings to German investigators
361
00:18:54,400 --> 00:18:57,680
working on the assassination
of zelimkhan khangoshvili,
362
00:18:57,800 --> 00:19:00,480
the man killed in the Berlin park.
363
00:19:00,600 --> 00:19:03,600
Because of the efforts
of these journalists,
364
00:19:03,720 --> 00:19:08,000
krasikov is put on trial
in 2021 in Germany
365
00:19:08,120 --> 00:19:11,120
and is convicted of the
murder of khangoshvili.
366
00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:14,640
The German government sentences him
367
00:19:14,760 --> 00:19:16,600
to life in prison.
368
00:19:16,720 --> 00:19:19,240
Krasikov is identified,
369
00:19:19,360 --> 00:19:22,560
but there is still one question.
370
00:19:22,680 --> 00:19:25,680
Who is he working for?
371
00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:28,000
As the judge delivers the verdict,
372
00:19:28,120 --> 00:19:30,360
he makes a shocking disclosure.
373
00:19:30,480 --> 00:19:32,960
The court believes krasikov was acting
374
00:19:33,080 --> 00:19:38,000
on a state contract authorized
by Vladimir put in himself.
375
00:19:40,040 --> 00:19:41,400
When that information comes out,
376
00:19:41,520 --> 00:19:44,360
the kremlin vehemently denies that.
377
00:19:44,480 --> 00:19:46,960
The Russians really
categorize these allegations
378
00:19:47,080 --> 00:19:50,840
as absurd and unproven.
379
00:19:50,960 --> 00:19:53,280
Three years later, cameras capture
380
00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:56,040
the largest high profile
prisoner exchange
381
00:19:56,160 --> 00:19:58,720
between Russia and
the west in recent history,
382
00:19:58,840 --> 00:20:03,040
and the truth is finally
available for all to see.
383
00:20:03,160 --> 00:20:05,040
The U.S. and other western countries
384
00:20:05,160 --> 00:20:08,440
have agreed to the release
of 15 people held in Russia.
385
00:20:08,560 --> 00:20:10,240
They will be swapped
for Russian prisoners
386
00:20:10,360 --> 00:20:11,920
held in the west.
387
00:20:12,040 --> 00:20:15,880
A middle aged man in a
tracksuit walks down the steps.
388
00:20:16,000 --> 00:20:18,680
When he reaches the bottom,
he receives a warm embrace
389
00:20:18,800 --> 00:20:21,000
from president put in.
390
00:20:21,120 --> 00:20:25,320
The man being greeted like
an old friend is vadim krasikov.
391
00:20:28,200 --> 00:20:31,880
The cozy hug between tyrant and hitman
392
00:20:32,000 --> 00:20:35,040
confirms what the world knew all along.
393
00:20:35,160 --> 00:20:39,920
Vadim krasikov is
working for Vladimir put in.
394
00:20:40,040 --> 00:20:42,920
Putin is blatantly making
a mockery of the west,
395
00:20:43,040 --> 00:20:45,160
because he first publicly denies
396
00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:47,640
having any kind of
relationship with krasikov,
397
00:20:47,760 --> 00:20:51,840
and then here he is rolling
out the red carpet for the guy,
398
00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:54,560
effectively confirming the alliance.
399
00:20:54,680 --> 00:20:57,040
Krasikov was, I guess,
the perfect person
400
00:20:57,160 --> 00:20:59,240
to become putin's personal hitman.
401
00:21:00,960 --> 00:21:03,160
Putin joining forces with a contract killer
402
00:21:03,280 --> 00:21:06,400
made headline news, but
Russia isn't the only nation
403
00:21:06,520 --> 00:21:08,760
to do a deal with a killer.
404
00:21:08,880 --> 00:21:12,320
In order to eliminate a
common enemy on foreign soil,
405
00:21:12,440 --> 00:21:16,840
the CIA will join forces with the mob.
406
00:21:16,960 --> 00:21:21,720
In 1959, fidel Castro leads
his communist party to power
407
00:21:21,840 --> 00:21:24,160
in the Cuban revolution.
408
00:21:24,280 --> 00:21:27,760
The island of Cuba is barely
100 miles from america,
409
00:21:27,880 --> 00:21:29,440
but it's a threat too close for comfort
410
00:21:29,520 --> 00:21:31,040
for the U.S. government.
411
00:21:31,160 --> 00:21:34,520
The CIA want communism out of Cuba,
412
00:21:34,640 --> 00:21:37,000
so that means they have to get Castro
413
00:21:37,120 --> 00:21:39,600
out of the picture permanently.
414
00:21:39,720 --> 00:21:43,320
It's a bold and risky move.
415
00:21:43,440 --> 00:21:47,480
The CIA does not want to
be tied back to the crime.
416
00:21:49,480 --> 00:21:51,960
The CIA reaches out to a fixer,
417
00:21:52,080 --> 00:21:53,320
someone who has connections
418
00:21:53,440 --> 00:21:55,000
to the U.S. criminal underworld.
419
00:21:55,120 --> 00:21:56,920
And he comes back with the names
420
00:21:57,040 --> 00:21:58,920
of two potential collaborators,
421
00:21:59,040 --> 00:22:02,800
mobsters John roselli
and Sam giancana.
422
00:22:02,920 --> 00:22:05,600
It's a serious gamble to
try and approach them,
423
00:22:05,720 --> 00:22:09,120
but in a way, it's kind
of a masterstroke too.
424
00:22:09,240 --> 00:22:12,600
The CIA is confident
that if word gets out,
425
00:22:12,720 --> 00:22:15,880
the idea of the CIA
partnering with the mafia
426
00:22:16,000 --> 00:22:19,360
is so outrageous that no
one will possibly believe it.
427
00:22:19,480 --> 00:22:22,680
The mobsters agree
to meet with the CIA.
428
00:22:22,800 --> 00:22:25,880
It seems they have their own agenda.
429
00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:28,440
Roselli and giancana
have their own interests
430
00:22:28,560 --> 00:22:30,400
in seeing Castro removed from Cuba,
431
00:22:30,520 --> 00:22:33,200
as he's been shutting
down their lucrative casinos
432
00:22:33,320 --> 00:22:35,560
in the island nation as well.
433
00:22:35,680 --> 00:22:38,880
The mob don't just hate Castro's politics.
434
00:22:39,000 --> 00:22:42,680
The Cuban leader is
also bad for business.
435
00:22:42,800 --> 00:22:47,600
The CIA offers them
$150,000 to do this hit.
436
00:22:47,720 --> 00:22:49,520
And they don't just decline the offer.
437
00:22:49,640 --> 00:22:51,640
They offer to do it for free.
438
00:22:51,760 --> 00:22:54,240
Giancana and roselli
are happy to take this on
439
00:22:54,360 --> 00:22:56,800
without compensation
because they believe
440
00:22:56,920 --> 00:22:59,840
that this will constitute
a get out of jail free card
441
00:22:59,960 --> 00:23:01,320
for them later on.
442
00:23:01,440 --> 00:23:03,840
This is doubly crazy.
443
00:23:03,960 --> 00:23:06,400
You've got the CIA trying
to take out a foreign leader
444
00:23:06,520 --> 00:23:10,560
and the mafia turning
down money for the hit.
445
00:23:12,400 --> 00:23:16,040
These mobsters want to
take a more subtle approach.
446
00:23:16,160 --> 00:23:18,480
They don't want to shoot Castro.
447
00:23:18,600 --> 00:23:20,240
They want to take a lethal pill
448
00:23:20,360 --> 00:23:23,200
and put it into his food or his drink,
449
00:23:23,320 --> 00:23:26,560
and the CIA actually gives this operation
450
00:23:26,680 --> 00:23:28,600
basically a rubber stamp.
451
00:23:28,720 --> 00:23:31,760
Finding someone in Cuba
who's willing to poison Castro
452
00:23:31,880 --> 00:23:34,520
is the easy part.
453
00:23:34,640 --> 00:23:36,800
Roselli knows an anti-communist worker
454
00:23:36,920 --> 00:23:38,760
at Castro's favorite restaurant.
455
00:23:40,440 --> 00:23:44,200
In April 1962, he arranges for poison pills
456
00:23:44,320 --> 00:23:46,840
to be delivered to the assassin.
457
00:23:46,960 --> 00:23:50,240
The months pass, and
Castro still isn't dead.
458
00:23:50,360 --> 00:23:53,240
It could be because Castro
never went to the restaurant.
459
00:23:53,360 --> 00:23:56,560
It could be because the guy
took the money and disappeared.
460
00:23:56,680 --> 00:24:00,000
Or it could be that Castro
is just too well protected.
461
00:24:00,120 --> 00:24:04,120
The delays make CIA's top
brass increasingly nervous
462
00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:07,800
about relying on the
mafia to do their dirty work.
463
00:24:07,920 --> 00:24:11,440
So in October 1962,
the CIA and the mobsters
464
00:24:11,560 --> 00:24:15,400
agreed to abandon the plot
and keep their alliance top secret.
465
00:24:15,520 --> 00:24:20,240
This was one deal that was
never meant to be made public,
466
00:24:20,360 --> 00:24:23,720
but in 1974, the truth was revealed
467
00:24:23,840 --> 00:24:27,080
with fatal consequences.
468
00:24:27,200 --> 00:24:30,280
"The New York times"
publishes an exposé
469
00:24:30,400 --> 00:24:33,120
which accuses the CIA of being involved
470
00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:35,600
in assassination attempts
against foreign leaders
471
00:24:35,720 --> 00:24:37,840
like fidel Castro.
472
00:24:37,960 --> 00:24:41,120
A government investigation
is immediately launched.
473
00:24:41,240 --> 00:24:44,080
During the investigation
into plots to kill Castro,
474
00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:46,400
roselli and giancana are identified
475
00:24:46,520 --> 00:24:48,440
and summoned to testify.
476
00:24:48,560 --> 00:24:53,000
But before giancana can
take the stand, disaster strikes.
477
00:24:53,120 --> 00:24:55,880
He's shot dead in his Chicago home.
478
00:24:57,560 --> 00:24:59,280
Roselli fears he will be next.
479
00:24:59,400 --> 00:25:01,560
But rather than go into hiding,
480
00:25:01,680 --> 00:25:06,280
roselli risks his life to
tell the senate the truth.
481
00:25:06,400 --> 00:25:08,320
"The New York times" was right.
482
00:25:08,440 --> 00:25:11,400
The CIA did recruit him to kill Castro.
483
00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:15,720
But just weeks later in Miami,
484
00:25:15,840 --> 00:25:19,240
his body is found
stuffed inside an oil drum.
485
00:25:19,360 --> 00:25:21,440
Who killed the two hit men?
486
00:25:21,560 --> 00:25:25,360
Well, someone knows,
but they're not telling.
487
00:25:25,480 --> 00:25:28,600
To this day, no one's been
charged with either murder.
488
00:25:32,840 --> 00:25:34,720
In the run up to world war ii,
489
00:25:34,840 --> 00:25:36,840
Hitler believes his blitzkrieg tactics
490
00:25:36,960 --> 00:25:40,160
require troops with superhuman stamina.
491
00:25:40,280 --> 00:25:43,280
So he strikes a deal with
a pharmaceutical company
492
00:25:43,400 --> 00:25:46,280
to supply his soldiers
with a brand-new drug,
493
00:25:46,400 --> 00:25:48,520
methamphetamine.
494
00:25:51,040 --> 00:25:54,800
What German scientists
discovered in the 1930s
495
00:25:54,920 --> 00:25:57,080
is that methamphetamines can be used
496
00:25:57,200 --> 00:25:59,400
to treat a whole host of conditions.
497
00:25:59,520 --> 00:26:03,080
Things like narcolepsy, weight loss,
498
00:26:03,200 --> 00:26:05,840
but they can also enhance
athletic performance.
499
00:26:07,680 --> 00:26:11,240
The Germans are hosting
the Olympics in 1936,
500
00:26:11,360 --> 00:26:15,480
and Adolf Hitler wants to show
the superhuman capabilities
501
00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:17,800
of German athletes.
502
00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:20,600
Methamphetamine tablets
are prescribed to these athletes.
503
00:26:23,360 --> 00:26:26,400
The third reich decides
to go one step further.
504
00:26:26,520 --> 00:26:29,760
German military doctor
named Otto rank believed
505
00:26:29,880 --> 00:26:32,120
that methamphetamine could be used
506
00:26:32,240 --> 00:26:35,120
to turn soldiers into super soldiers.
507
00:26:35,240 --> 00:26:39,440
Drugging a whole
army with amphetamines
508
00:26:39,560 --> 00:26:41,440
doesn't sound like a very wise plan,
509
00:26:41,560 --> 00:26:46,400
but Hitler is convinced
that it is his path to victory.
510
00:26:49,320 --> 00:26:51,960
In 1939, Germany is
planning an invasion
511
00:26:52,080 --> 00:26:55,600
of Poland, the event
that will ignite world war ii.
512
00:26:57,400 --> 00:27:00,360
Germany since world war
I has been thinking about
513
00:27:00,480 --> 00:27:02,360
how to potentially fight the next war,
514
00:27:02,480 --> 00:27:04,240
and they have figured out a better way
515
00:27:04,360 --> 00:27:06,720
to use the materials at hand,
516
00:27:06,840 --> 00:27:08,680
and that way is blitzkrieg.
517
00:27:12,720 --> 00:27:14,760
Blitzkrieg means lightning war.
518
00:27:14,880 --> 00:27:17,440
It's all about speed and mobility.
519
00:27:20,120 --> 00:27:23,560
In 1939, there are a million men
520
00:27:23,680 --> 00:27:26,440
in the German military,
a force that is soon to be
521
00:27:26,560 --> 00:27:29,040
launched across the world.
522
00:27:29,160 --> 00:27:31,360
So how does the third
reich get enough pills
523
00:27:31,480 --> 00:27:35,280
to supply every soldier
within a matter of months?
524
00:27:35,400 --> 00:27:37,880
The high command strikes
a deal with Germany's
525
00:27:38,000 --> 00:27:41,400
biggest pharmaceutical
company, temmler.
526
00:27:41,520 --> 00:27:45,240
Temmler make a type
of meth they call pervitin.
527
00:27:45,360 --> 00:27:47,840
For temmler, this represents
a money making opportunity
528
00:27:47,960 --> 00:27:50,800
because they're going
to produce tens of millions
529
00:27:50,920 --> 00:27:52,760
of doses of pervitin.
530
00:27:52,880 --> 00:27:54,960
For the Nazi regime, they're going to
531
00:27:55,080 --> 00:27:58,560
chemically create the
superhumans that Hitler
532
00:27:58,680 --> 00:28:01,360
already believes Germans to be.
533
00:28:01,480 --> 00:28:05,360
It's a match made in financial heaven.
534
00:28:05,480 --> 00:28:08,320
On the Eve of the
invasion of Poland in 1939,
535
00:28:08,440 --> 00:28:11,360
the German troops
are issued pervitin pills,
536
00:28:11,480 --> 00:28:13,720
and the result is that
they are able to hike
537
00:28:13,840 --> 00:28:15,600
35 miles without stopping.
538
00:28:15,720 --> 00:28:17,880
They're able to persist for three days
539
00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:19,320
without stopping to sleep.
540
00:28:19,440 --> 00:28:22,160
They take the entire
country in five weeks
541
00:28:22,280 --> 00:28:25,680
and kill 100,000 Polish
soldiers in the process.
542
00:28:25,800 --> 00:28:28,400
It's a crushing victory.
543
00:28:28,520 --> 00:28:31,440
But these are the early days of the war.
544
00:28:31,560 --> 00:28:33,520
To keep the blitzkrieg going,
545
00:28:33,640 --> 00:28:36,360
they're gonna need a lot more pills,
546
00:28:36,480 --> 00:28:40,720
so temmler agrees to ramp
up production of pervitin.
547
00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:43,880
Between April and July 1940,
the temmler factories produce
548
00:28:44,000 --> 00:28:48,000
over 800,000 pervitin tablets every day,
549
00:28:48,120 --> 00:28:50,240
and that turns into 35 million tablets
550
00:28:50,360 --> 00:28:53,160
across the entire German military.
551
00:28:53,280 --> 00:28:57,360
The use of pervitin is
going to fuel Nazi armies
552
00:28:57,480 --> 00:28:59,240
to conquer the low countries.
553
00:28:59,360 --> 00:29:01,920
In a matter of only a few short weeks,
554
00:29:02,040 --> 00:29:05,600
German armies drive the
British off the continent.
555
00:29:05,720 --> 00:29:09,880
The speed of the advance
is mind-boggling to the west.
556
00:29:11,600 --> 00:29:14,640
In 1941, the Nazis discover that soldiers
557
00:29:14,760 --> 00:29:18,640
using their wonder drug
are facing dire consequences.
558
00:29:20,120 --> 00:29:22,480
They become addicted to pervitin.
559
00:29:22,600 --> 00:29:25,520
Some even die from
heart failure and suicide.
560
00:29:28,120 --> 00:29:29,360
But despite the risks,
561
00:29:29,480 --> 00:29:31,080
the drug continues to be given to troops
562
00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:33,680
for the remainder of the war.
563
00:29:33,800 --> 00:29:36,440
The alliance between the
pharmaceutical company
564
00:29:36,560 --> 00:29:40,360
and the Nazis remains hidden until 2015,
565
00:29:40,480 --> 00:29:43,040
when author Norman ohler
566
00:29:43,160 --> 00:29:46,360
unearths lost military documents.
567
00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:48,840
Even after world war ii ends,
568
00:29:48,960 --> 00:29:51,200
temmler continues to produce pervitin
569
00:29:51,320 --> 00:29:53,840
all the way until 1988.
570
00:29:59,400 --> 00:30:01,440
Macon, Georgia, 1932.
571
00:30:01,560 --> 00:30:04,960
A medical experiment
is about to be launched.
572
00:30:05,080 --> 00:30:07,560
On the surface, it looks fine.
573
00:30:07,680 --> 00:30:10,880
A government agency working
with a respectable university
574
00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:14,360
to research a life-threatening disease,
575
00:30:14,480 --> 00:30:18,320
but the truth behind their
partnership is much darker.
576
00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:24,000
Life in the U.S. in the early 1930s
577
00:30:24,120 --> 00:30:27,520
is incredibly tough. The
economy has collapsed.
578
00:30:27,640 --> 00:30:31,560
Millions of Americans
are struggling to get by.
579
00:30:31,680 --> 00:30:34,560
Macon, Georgia is one
of the poorest regions
580
00:30:34,680 --> 00:30:37,040
in the nation in the 1930s.
581
00:30:37,160 --> 00:30:39,640
It's also predominantly African American.
582
00:30:39,760 --> 00:30:41,480
In the fall of 1932,
583
00:30:41,600 --> 00:30:43,880
signs began appearing in macon offering
584
00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:46,640
free blood tests and medical treatment,
585
00:30:46,760 --> 00:30:49,800
particularly for African American men.
586
00:30:49,920 --> 00:30:51,480
Charlie pollard is one of the men
587
00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:53,040
who takes up the offer.
588
00:30:53,160 --> 00:30:56,000
Like many African
Americans in macon county,
589
00:30:56,120 --> 00:30:58,680
he has never had
access to medical care.
590
00:30:59,960 --> 00:31:01,680
A sample of his blood is taken,
591
00:31:01,800 --> 00:31:03,280
and when the results return,
592
00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:06,120
he is told that his blood is bad
593
00:31:06,240 --> 00:31:07,720
and that the cause is unknown,
594
00:31:07,840 --> 00:31:10,240
but doctors promise
to monitor the situation.
595
00:31:10,360 --> 00:31:12,880
But the doctors know
exactly what's wrong
596
00:31:13,000 --> 00:31:14,120
with pollard's blood.
597
00:31:14,240 --> 00:31:17,520
He has a deadly infection called syphilis.
598
00:31:17,640 --> 00:31:19,160
It affects one in ten Americans,
599
00:31:19,280 --> 00:31:23,040
and there are almost half a
million new cases every year.
600
00:31:23,160 --> 00:31:25,800
Its symptoms can be
managed with treatment,
601
00:31:25,920 --> 00:31:27,840
but there is no cure,
602
00:31:27,960 --> 00:31:31,760
and, right now, little is known
about how it progresses.
603
00:31:33,440 --> 00:31:35,600
Syphilis is extremely infectious,
604
00:31:35,720 --> 00:31:37,480
and it can start with a painless rash
605
00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:39,240
that may not even be noticed.
606
00:31:39,360 --> 00:31:42,760
But over time, it eats away at your body,
607
00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:47,560
your brain, your spinal
cord, your heart, your aorta.
608
00:31:47,680 --> 00:31:49,320
It can be life-threatening.
609
00:31:51,120 --> 00:31:53,840
What pollard doesn't
know is the United States
610
00:31:53,960 --> 00:31:55,600
public health service has set up
611
00:31:55,720 --> 00:31:57,280
a clandestine experiment
612
00:31:57,400 --> 00:32:00,400
using African American men like him
613
00:32:00,520 --> 00:32:02,400
as human Guinea pigs to observe
614
00:32:02,520 --> 00:32:05,000
the long-term progression of the disease.
615
00:32:06,600 --> 00:32:08,200
They won't try and manage the disease.
616
00:32:08,280 --> 00:32:11,720
Instead, they simply monitor
their worsening symptoms
617
00:32:11,840 --> 00:32:13,760
and prescribe them with placebos.
618
00:32:13,880 --> 00:32:15,720
The U.S. public health service
619
00:32:15,840 --> 00:32:17,600
can't carry out the study alone.
620
00:32:17,720 --> 00:32:19,560
They need a site and they need people
621
00:32:19,680 --> 00:32:21,800
whom the community will trust.
622
00:32:21,920 --> 00:32:23,960
Just a ten minute
drive from macon county
623
00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:28,720
is an African American college
named the tuskegee institute,
624
00:32:28,840 --> 00:32:31,600
and it's the perfect place.
625
00:32:31,720 --> 00:32:34,520
The public health service
approaches the institute
626
00:32:34,640 --> 00:32:36,720
and offers to underwrite the study.
627
00:32:36,840 --> 00:32:40,120
For an African American
institution in the 1930s,
628
00:32:40,240 --> 00:32:43,040
funding is scarce.
629
00:32:43,160 --> 00:32:46,520
It's an offer they can't turn down.
630
00:32:46,640 --> 00:32:49,640
And so this unholy
alliance is basically forged
631
00:32:49,760 --> 00:32:51,120
by the fact that the United States
632
00:32:51,200 --> 00:32:52,920
public health service has the funding
633
00:32:53,040 --> 00:32:55,280
to provide to tuskegee, and in exchange,
634
00:32:55,400 --> 00:32:57,200
the U.S. public health service promises
635
00:32:57,320 --> 00:33:00,360
that they'll be on site to
direct all the experiments,
636
00:33:00,480 --> 00:33:01,920
to provide the medical treatment
637
00:33:02,040 --> 00:33:04,600
for the test subjects.
638
00:33:04,720 --> 00:33:06,400
The deal is done.
639
00:33:06,520 --> 00:33:09,600
Now all they need is people.
640
00:33:09,720 --> 00:33:12,360
And they ultimately
focused their attention
641
00:33:12,480 --> 00:33:14,200
on African American men.
642
00:33:14,320 --> 00:33:16,320
Given the existence of
segregation at the time
643
00:33:16,440 --> 00:33:19,560
and the belief in the inherent
inferiority of black people,
644
00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:21,840
it seems natural that they'll be able
645
00:33:21,960 --> 00:33:23,880
to conduct the study on black men
646
00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:26,200
with few consequences.
647
00:33:26,320 --> 00:33:29,320
With the local men
duped into participating,
648
00:33:29,440 --> 00:33:33,280
the tuskegee study of
untreated syphilis begins.
649
00:33:34,720 --> 00:33:37,240
Patient Chris pollard is not alone.
650
00:33:37,360 --> 00:33:41,320
Over the next 11 years,
he and 600 other patients
651
00:33:41,440 --> 00:33:44,960
will regularly make trips to
tuskegee for medical treatment.
652
00:33:45,080 --> 00:33:48,680
But in 1943, syphilis is rendered curable
653
00:33:48,800 --> 00:33:50,560
with the arrival of the life-saving
654
00:33:50,680 --> 00:33:52,800
antibiotic penicillin.
655
00:33:52,920 --> 00:33:55,920
Despite this, the U.S.
public health service
656
00:33:56,040 --> 00:34:00,160
decides to continue
the tuskegee experiment.
657
00:34:00,280 --> 00:34:05,280
So they're going to
continue to let people die
658
00:34:05,400 --> 00:34:09,440
when their syphilis could
be cured by penicillin
659
00:34:09,560 --> 00:34:12,120
almost instantly.
660
00:34:12,240 --> 00:34:16,240
This is just extraordinary.
661
00:34:16,360 --> 00:34:18,920
It's tantamount to murder.
662
00:34:19,040 --> 00:34:23,840
The project continues
for another 29 years,
663
00:34:23,960 --> 00:34:27,120
until 1972, when journalist Jean Heller
664
00:34:27,240 --> 00:34:30,760
exposes the alliance between
the government and college
665
00:34:30,880 --> 00:34:33,200
after documents detailing the experiment
666
00:34:33,320 --> 00:34:34,760
land on her desk.
667
00:34:34,880 --> 00:34:36,216
The United States public health service
668
00:34:36,240 --> 00:34:38,440
has violated the most fundamental tenets
669
00:34:38,560 --> 00:34:42,080
of its mission to promote
and protect public health,
670
00:34:42,200 --> 00:34:44,800
and in this alliance with
the tuskegee institute
671
00:34:44,920 --> 00:34:48,160
has wreaked havoc and suffering.
672
00:34:48,280 --> 00:34:52,240
It is a major betrayal of the public trust.
673
00:34:52,360 --> 00:34:54,440
The world knows the awful truth.
674
00:34:54,560 --> 00:34:57,600
The government is forced to act.
675
00:34:57,720 --> 00:34:59,240
Three months after the article,
676
00:34:59,360 --> 00:35:02,720
an advisory panel is formed
who finds the experiment
677
00:35:02,840 --> 00:35:08,080
medically unjustified
and is finally terminated.
678
00:35:08,200 --> 00:35:11,160
Pollard and the other
surviving members of the study
679
00:35:11,280 --> 00:35:13,240
launch a class action lawsuit,
680
00:35:13,360 --> 00:35:16,960
and, in 1974, they are
awarded $10 million
681
00:35:17,080 --> 00:35:21,040
with free medical treatment
for the rest of their lives.
682
00:35:26,200 --> 00:35:27,896
In the last days of the second world war,
683
00:35:27,920 --> 00:35:30,480
an extraordinary alliance
forms between enemy soldiers
684
00:35:30,600 --> 00:35:35,400
to fight against fanatical
ss stormtroopers.
685
00:35:35,520 --> 00:35:39,760
In may 1945, the war
in Europe is almost over.
686
00:35:39,880 --> 00:35:41,760
Hitler has taken his own life
687
00:35:41,880 --> 00:35:43,720
and the allies are
heading towards victory.
688
00:35:43,840 --> 00:35:45,880
In the Austrian alps, there are still
689
00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:48,360
active units of the waffen ss,
690
00:35:48,480 --> 00:35:51,360
the reich's most zealous defenders.
691
00:35:51,480 --> 00:35:53,560
For them, the prospect of defeat
692
00:35:53,680 --> 00:35:56,360
only increases their lust for blood.
693
00:35:56,480 --> 00:36:00,800
The waffen ss are
Hitler's elite shock troops.
694
00:36:00,920 --> 00:36:03,480
They are the most
hardcore, fanatical Nazis.
695
00:36:03,600 --> 00:36:05,800
They have no intent of surrendering,
696
00:36:05,920 --> 00:36:09,200
even as the war is
clearly about to be over.
697
00:36:09,320 --> 00:36:11,320
They want blood,
698
00:36:11,440 --> 00:36:15,920
and they're out to find suitable victims.
699
00:36:16,040 --> 00:36:18,160
The ss have a target,
700
00:36:18,280 --> 00:36:23,560
castle itter, an alpine hotel
turned prisoner of war camp.
701
00:36:23,680 --> 00:36:25,680
Castle itter had once been a luxury hotel,
702
00:36:25,800 --> 00:36:28,960
but it was taken over
by the Germans in 1938.
703
00:36:29,080 --> 00:36:33,760
It was converted into
a 19-cell prison in 1943.
704
00:36:33,880 --> 00:36:35,920
The prisoners in castle itter aren't just
705
00:36:36,040 --> 00:36:38,040
your run of the mill pows.
706
00:36:38,160 --> 00:36:39,960
These are fairly high-ranking individuals.
707
00:36:41,520 --> 00:36:44,320
With rumors of a German
surrender approaching,
708
00:36:44,440 --> 00:36:47,640
the commander at castle
itter decides to take his life.
709
00:36:50,040 --> 00:36:52,560
Their commander
dead, the prison guards
710
00:36:52,680 --> 00:36:55,240
fear they will be captured
by the Americans,
711
00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:57,720
so they abandon their posts.
712
00:37:00,040 --> 00:37:03,240
When the commandant of
castle itter commits suicide,
713
00:37:03,360 --> 00:37:06,160
news of his death quickly
spreads through the area.
714
00:37:06,280 --> 00:37:10,840
There's a group of about
150 ss troops in the woods
715
00:37:10,960 --> 00:37:13,440
in the vicinity, and they realize
716
00:37:13,560 --> 00:37:18,000
that now castle itter is no
longer under Nazi control.
717
00:37:18,120 --> 00:37:20,600
They start moving
toward the strong point
718
00:37:20,720 --> 00:37:23,120
with mayhem on their minds.
719
00:37:23,240 --> 00:37:26,080
The prisoners in the castle
know that the ss is out there.
720
00:37:26,200 --> 00:37:27,840
They're nearby,
721
00:37:27,960 --> 00:37:30,280
and the prisoners are
understandably quite concerned
722
00:37:30,400 --> 00:37:32,520
that if the ss comes to the castle,
723
00:37:32,640 --> 00:37:34,720
they'll execute all the prisoners.
724
00:37:37,440 --> 00:37:39,160
They know if they're going to survive,
725
00:37:39,280 --> 00:37:42,960
they need to take drastic action,
726
00:37:43,080 --> 00:37:47,200
so they send the prison cook to find help.
727
00:37:48,960 --> 00:37:51,800
He takes an sos letter
to American troops
728
00:37:51,920 --> 00:37:53,680
who are rumored to have captured
729
00:37:53,800 --> 00:37:56,200
the nearby town of worgl.
730
00:37:56,320 --> 00:37:58,296
When he gets there, he
realizes that the Americans
731
00:37:58,320 --> 00:38:01,040
have not yet taken the town after all.
732
00:38:01,160 --> 00:38:03,880
The cook encounters
another German officer
733
00:38:04,000 --> 00:38:06,160
named sepp gangl.
734
00:38:06,280 --> 00:38:08,080
He hands the letter over,
735
00:38:08,200 --> 00:38:11,920
but to his shock, gangl isn't hostile.
736
00:38:12,040 --> 00:38:14,160
He's a battle-hardened major
737
00:38:14,280 --> 00:38:17,000
who is disillusioned with the Nazi cause
738
00:38:17,120 --> 00:38:20,000
and tired of all the bloodshed.
739
00:38:20,120 --> 00:38:23,280
Gangl has troops with him,
but he doesn't have enough
740
00:38:23,400 --> 00:38:25,920
to put up a defense against the 17th ss
741
00:38:26,040 --> 00:38:28,720
as they move through the
area, and gangl understands
742
00:38:28,840 --> 00:38:30,720
that if we're gonna save these guys,
743
00:38:30,840 --> 00:38:32,480
we're gonna need help.
744
00:38:32,600 --> 00:38:34,456
We're going to have to reach
out to the American troops
745
00:38:34,480 --> 00:38:35,920
that are known to be nearby.
746
00:38:36,040 --> 00:38:39,400
What gangl decides to do is to proceed
747
00:38:39,520 --> 00:38:40,880
under a flag of truce,
748
00:38:41,000 --> 00:38:43,360
essentially waving a white flag.
749
00:38:43,480 --> 00:38:46,640
Slowly and carefully
approaches the Americans.
750
00:38:46,760 --> 00:38:50,280
In front of him is
27-year-old captain Jack Lee.
751
00:38:50,400 --> 00:38:54,040
When captain Lee spots a
German soldier approaching,
752
00:38:54,160 --> 00:38:55,880
he's on high alert.
753
00:38:56,000 --> 00:38:58,960
He has no idea if this is a trap.
754
00:38:59,080 --> 00:39:00,440
After a bit of back and forth,
755
00:39:00,560 --> 00:39:02,160
Lee becomes convinced that gangl
756
00:39:02,280 --> 00:39:04,320
is exactly what he claims to be,
757
00:39:04,440 --> 00:39:07,040
and the two of them
agree to combine forces.
758
00:39:07,160 --> 00:39:09,800
After years of conflict,
759
00:39:09,920 --> 00:39:13,400
it's an unimaginable partnership.
760
00:39:13,520 --> 00:39:16,880
Gis and Germans work together.
761
00:39:17,000 --> 00:39:19,240
These guys have been
machine gunning each other
762
00:39:19,360 --> 00:39:22,240
and throwing grenades
at each other for years,
763
00:39:22,360 --> 00:39:25,080
and now suddenly, they're erstwhile allies
764
00:39:25,200 --> 00:39:28,360
in defending against Hitler's
most fanatical soldiers.
765
00:39:28,480 --> 00:39:30,120
But they're heavily outnumbered.
766
00:39:30,240 --> 00:39:32,120
Even with the American reinforcements,
767
00:39:32,240 --> 00:39:35,880
there are only 24 armed
men capable of resisting
768
00:39:36,000 --> 00:39:40,160
an ss force of 150 fanatical Nazi troops.
769
00:39:40,280 --> 00:39:42,640
But they do have an advantage in that
770
00:39:42,760 --> 00:39:45,960
they are in a prepared
defensive fortification.
771
00:39:47,840 --> 00:39:51,280
And all of a sudden,
the ss assault begins.
772
00:39:51,400 --> 00:39:52,760
The chatter of machine guns,
773
00:39:52,880 --> 00:39:54,680
the explosion of mortar rounds.
774
00:39:54,800 --> 00:39:57,120
These troops are under siege.
775
00:40:00,280 --> 00:40:02,680
After hours of bitter fighting,
776
00:40:02,800 --> 00:40:06,800
somehow the alliance holds strong.
777
00:40:06,920 --> 00:40:10,920
The ss are defeated and
withdraw from the fight.
778
00:40:11,040 --> 00:40:12,800
The action is not without loss.
779
00:40:12,920 --> 00:40:15,880
While trying to rescue
one of the prisoners, gangl,
780
00:40:16,000 --> 00:40:18,440
he's caught in a crossfire
and shot by a sniper.
781
00:40:18,560 --> 00:40:21,200
He's the only casualty of the action.
782
00:40:22,960 --> 00:40:25,240
The operation is a success,
783
00:40:25,360 --> 00:40:26,920
but the involvement of major gangl
784
00:40:27,040 --> 00:40:28,600
and his countrymen is not mentioned
785
00:40:28,720 --> 00:40:30,080
in American newspapers,
786
00:40:30,200 --> 00:40:34,360
only in classified military reports.
787
00:40:34,480 --> 00:40:38,000
It's more than 70 years later, in 2013,
788
00:40:38,120 --> 00:40:42,640
when gangl's role in one of
the strangest alliances of the war
789
00:40:42,760 --> 00:40:44,280
makes international headlines.
790
00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:48,200
A full account of the
battle of castle itter
791
00:40:48,320 --> 00:40:51,720
is finally published by
historian Stephen Harding.
792
00:40:56,400 --> 00:41:01,160
When nations vie for power,
foes can turn into friends
793
00:41:01,280 --> 00:41:04,640
and former allies can become enemies,
794
00:41:04,760 --> 00:41:08,960
but as these files reveal,
secret and unholy alliances
795
00:41:09,080 --> 00:41:11,520
can influence history.
796
00:41:11,640 --> 00:41:13,480
I'm David duchovny.
797
00:41:13,600 --> 00:41:16,160
Thanks for watching
"secrets declassified."
63120
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