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Downloaded from
YTS.MX
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[SILENCE]
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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
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>> EVERY TIME THERE'S ANOTHER
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NEWS STORY ABOUT THE OBESITY
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EPIDEMIC, TV AND FILM CREWS RUN
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OUT AND SHOOT FOOTAGE LIKE THIS,
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IN CASE YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT FAT
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PEOPLE LOOK LIKE.
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FRANKLY, THIS ANNOYS ME.
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HOW WOULD YOU LIKE TO SIT DOWN
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TO WATCH THE EVENING NEWS AND
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FIND OUT SOME CAMERA CREW PICKED
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YOU TO REPRESENT FAT PEOPLE
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EVERYWHERE?
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BUT THERE'S AN EVEN BIGGER
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REASON IT ANNOYS ME.
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WHEN THEY SHOW FOOTAGE LIKE THIS
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AND THEN TELL YOU THAT ONE
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QUARTER OF AMERICAN ADULTS ARE
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OBESE, YOU PROBABLY THINK A
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QUARTER OF US LOOK LIKE THIS.
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AND THAT'S BALONEY, BECAUSE I
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SHOT THIS FOOTAGE IN THREE
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DIFFERENT LOCATIONS, AND IT TOOK
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ME HOURS TO GET IT.
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IF THERE'S SUCH AN EPIDEMIC OUT
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THERE, IT SHOULD HAVE TAKEN ME
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10 MINUTES.
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THE NEXT TIME YOU HEAR THAT ONE
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QUARTER OF AMERICAN ADULTS ARE
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OBESE, HERE'S SOMETHING TO KEEP
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IN MIND.
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SEE THAT GUY RIGHT THERE?
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ACCORDING TO THE GOVERNMENT,
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HE'S OBESE.
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I KNOW BECAUSE THAT GUY IS ME.
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>> WHEN I STARTED LOOKING INTO
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THE SO-CALLED OBESITY EPIDEMIC,
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ALONG WITH WHAT SUPPOSEDLY
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CONSTITUTES A GOOD OR A BAD
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DIET, DIDN'T TAKE LONG TO FIGURE
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OUT WE'VE BEEN FED A LOAD OF
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BALONEY.
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GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HAVE BEEN
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FEEDING US BALONEY.
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RESEARCHERS AND SCIENTISTS HAVE
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BEEN FEEDING US BALONEY.
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EVEN A MUCKRAKING DOCUMENTARY
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FILMMAKER FED US A LOAD OF
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BALONEY.
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IN FACT, LET'S START WITH HIM.
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A FEW YEARS AGO, FILMMAKER
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MORGAN SPURLOCK CALLED UPON HIS
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SEVERAL DAYS OF EXPERIENCE AS A
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NUTRITION EXPERT TO IDENTIFY THE
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EVIL CULPRIT WHO'S MAKING PEOPLE
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FAT -- FAST FOOD.
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AND TO PROVE HIS POINT, HE ATE
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NOTHING BUT McDONALD'S FOR A
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MONTH AND SHOWED US HOW HIS
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ONCE-BEAUTIFUL BODY DETERIORATED
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AS HE GAINED 25 POUNDS.
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WE ALSO HEARD AN INTERESTING
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THEORY ABOUT SATURATED FAT AND
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SEXUAL PERFORMANCE THAT WE'LL
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JUST FILE UNDER THE CATEGORY OF
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"TOO MUCH INFORMATION."
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[ ZIP! ]
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[ CRASH! ]
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OF COURSE, A MOVIE ABOUT A GUY
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WHO GOES TO MICKEY D's AND GAINS
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FOUR OR FIVE POUNDS PROBABLY
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WOULDN'T MAKE A BIG SPLASH ON
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THE FILM-FESTIVAL CIRCUIT.
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[ CROWD GROANS ]
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SO SPURLOCK DIDN'T JUST EAT AT
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McDONALD'S, HE McSTUFFED HIMSELF
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ON PURPOSE FOR A SOLID MONTH,
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CONSUMING MORE THAN 5,000
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CALORIES PER DAY, INCLUDING
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NEARLY A GALLON OF SODA.
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[ CHEERS AND APPLAUSE ]
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THAT'S ONE WAY TO GET A BIG, FAT
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BOX OFFICE.
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"SUPER SIZE ME" WAS AN AMUSING
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DOCUMENTARY, BUT IT WAS FULL OF
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BALONEY.
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I MEAN, COME ON, 5,000 CALORIES
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PER DAY OF PRETTY MUCH ANYTHING
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IS GONNA MAKE YOU FAT AND SCREW
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UP YOUR HEALTH.
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ISN'T IT ALSO POSSIBLE TO LIVE
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ON FAST FOOD AND ACTUALLY LOSE
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WEIGHT?
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OR WOULD ALL THAT FATTY FOOD
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MAKE LOSING WEIGHT IMPOSSIBLE?
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MAKE LOSING WEIGHT IMPOSSIBLE?
I DECIDED TO FIND OUT.
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I DECIDED TO FIND OUT.
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>> ♪ PEOPLE SAY I'M PLAYING
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GAMES ♪
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♪ BUT I SAY I'M A FATHEAD
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♪ FATHEAD, FATHEAD, YEAH
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♪ I'M GONNA START THINKING
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SMARTER ♪
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♪ FATHEAD, FATHEAD, YEAH
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♪ I'M GONNA START THINKING
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SMARTER ♪
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♪ FATHEAD, FATHEAD, YEAH
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>> SINCE SO MANY PEOPLE WANT TO
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BLAME FAST-FOOD RESTAURANTS FOR
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MAKING PEOPLE FAT, I THOUGHT I
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SHOULD HANG AROUND McDONALD'S
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AND SEE IF ANYONE WOULD DRAG ME
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INSIDE AND MAKE ME EAT THEIR
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FOOD.
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IT DIDN'T HAPPEN.
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I WAS ALSO IGNORED BY THE STAFF
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AT TACO BELL, CARL'S JR., AND
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POPEYES CHICKEN.
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BACK AT McDONALD'S, I STARTED TO
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FEEL HUNGRY AND SLIGHTLY
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REJECTED AND WENT INSIDE FOR A
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DOUBLE CHEESEBURGER.
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AFTERWARDS, I WROTE DOWN MY
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AFTERWARDS, I WROTE DOWN MY
FIRST NO-BALONEY CONCLUSION...
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FIRST NO-BALONEY CONCLUSION...
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NEXT, I VISITED A HALF-DOZEN
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DIFFERENT McDONALD'S TO SEE IF
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ANYONE WOULD FORCE ME TO CONSUME
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A BIG, SUGARY SODA OR A LARGE
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ORDER OF FRIES.
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>> TOTAL IS $4.10 AT THE FIRST
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WINDOW.
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>> OKAY.
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HEY, IF I DON'T ORDER FRIES,
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YOU DON'T TRY TO MAKE ME EAT
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THEM, DO YOU?
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>> I'M SORRY?
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>> IF I DON'T ORDER FRIES, YOU
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DON'T TRY TO MAKE ME EAT THEM,
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DO YOU?
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>> NO.
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>> OKAY. JUST CONFIRMING THAT.
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THANK YOU.
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THAT DIDN'T HAPPEN, EITHER.
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SO I WROTE DOWN MY NEXT
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SO I WROTE DOWN MY NEXT
NO-BALONEY CONCLUSION...
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NO-BALONEY CONCLUSION...
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BUT JUST TO BE SURE, I PRACTICED
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STEELING MY RESOLVE.
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>> WOULD YOU LIKE A HOT APPLE
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PIE?
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>> NO.
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>> WOULD YOU LIKE A HOT-FUDGE
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SUNDAE?
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>> NO.
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>> WOULD YOU LIKE A LARGE ORDER
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OF FRIES?
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>> THOSE SMELL PRETTY GOOD.
161
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[ ELECTRICITY ZAPS ]
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>> WOULD YOU LIKE A LARGE ORDER
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OF FRIES?
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>> NO.
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I NOW FELT SAFE TO BEGIN MY OWN
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FAST-FOOD DIET.
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OKAY, HERE ARE MY RULES.
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FOR THE NEXT 30 DAYS, I'M GOING
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TO LIVE ON A FAST-FOOD DIET,
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MOSTLY McDONALD'S.
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BUT INSTEAD OF EATING EVERYTHING
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ON THE MENU OR ANYTHING SOME
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COUNTER CLERK SUGGESTS, I'M
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GOING TO OPERATE UNDER A
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GOING TO OPERATE UNDER A
SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT PREMISE.
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SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT PREMISE.
177
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>> YOU WANT TO HEAR SOMETHING
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PRETTY COMPELLING?
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>> WHEW.
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THAT'LL MAKE YOU TELL YOUR
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SECRETS.
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>> YEAH. RIGHT.
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I'M LOOKING AT YOUR BRAIN WHEN I
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DO THAT.
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>> OKAY. IT'S THERE.
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>> YEAH, IT'S THERE.
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>> YEAH, IT'S THERE.
COUPLE OF ROCKS.
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COUPLE OF ROCKS.
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HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TOLD YOU HAD
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A MURMUR?
191
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>> MNH-MNH.
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>> THAT'S BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE
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ONE.
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>> YOU SCARED THE HELL OUT OF
195
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>> YOU SCARED THE HELL OUT OF
ME.
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ME.
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>> NOW, ON CAMERA, TELL ME HOW
198
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GOOD THAT WAS.
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>> I DIDN'T FEEL A THING.
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>> THERE YOU GO.
201
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>> A JUNKIE COULDN'T HAVE DONE
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00:06:49,823 --> 00:06:50,617
THAT ANY BETTER.
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00:06:50,617 --> 00:06:52,412
>> [ LAUGHS ]
204
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THAT'S NOT THE ANALOGY I WAS
205
00:06:54,379 --> 00:06:55,345
HOPING FOR.
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>> OH. OKAY.
207
00:06:56,346 --> 00:06:57,589
>> AND WHAT DO YOU DO FOR
208
00:06:57,589 --> 00:06:58,797
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, TOM?
209
00:06:58,797 --> 00:07:00,350
>> WALK.
210
00:07:00,350 --> 00:07:02,111
>> DAILY?
211
00:07:02,111 --> 00:07:03,492
>> USUALLY TWO, THREE TIMES A
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00:07:03,492 --> 00:07:03,906
WEEK.
213
00:07:03,906 --> 00:07:04,493
>> BRISKLY?
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00:07:04,493 --> 00:07:05,839
>> YEAH. FOR ABOUT FIVE MILES.
215
00:07:05,839 --> 00:07:06,840
>> GOOD. GOOD. GOOD.
216
00:07:06,840 --> 00:07:08,289
AND I'M GLAD THAT YOU DON'T RUN
217
00:07:08,289 --> 00:07:09,567
'CAUSE I'M NOT A BIG FAN OF
218
00:07:09,567 --> 00:07:09,981
THAT.
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00:07:09,981 --> 00:07:10,740
AND OUT.
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00:07:10,740 --> 00:07:11,845
>> [ EXHALES ]
221
00:07:11,845 --> 00:07:12,293
>> OKAY.
222
00:07:12,293 --> 00:07:13,502
YOU DIDN'T TELL ME THAT YOU WORK
223
00:07:13,502 --> 00:07:14,606
OUT, BUT I'M FEELING LOTS OF
224
00:07:14,606 --> 00:07:16,021
MUSCLE HERE.
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00:07:16,021 --> 00:07:18,230
ARE YOU JUST BLESSED WITH THIS?
226
00:07:18,230 --> 00:07:19,128
SERIOUSLY?
227
00:07:19,128 --> 00:07:21,268
>> UH, THAT'S THE GOOD NEWS.
228
00:07:21,268 --> 00:07:23,028
NOW FOR THE BAD NEWS.
229
00:07:23,028 --> 00:07:23,477
ARE WE DONE?
230
00:07:23,477 --> 00:07:24,340
>> YEAH, WE'RE DONE.
231
00:07:24,340 --> 00:07:24,823
WE'RE DONE.
232
00:07:24,823 --> 00:07:25,721
>> I'M AFRAID TO LOOK.
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00:07:25,721 --> 00:07:27,481
>> IT'S HARD. IT'S HIGH.
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00:07:27,481 --> 00:07:28,517
>> 31.
235
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>> .2.
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00:07:29,552 --> 00:07:30,760
>> 31.2.
237
00:07:30,760 --> 00:07:32,072
MM. [ WHISTLES ]
238
00:07:32,072 --> 00:07:32,866
>> YEAH.
239
00:07:32,866 --> 00:07:36,214
SO, THAT IS HIGH.
240
00:07:36,214 --> 00:07:37,491
>> I KNEW GOING IN I WAS
241
00:07:37,491 --> 00:07:39,010
OVERWEIGHT, BUT ACCORDING TO
242
00:07:39,010 --> 00:07:40,632
THE CURRENT MEDICAL DEFINITION,
243
00:07:40,632 --> 00:07:42,151
I'M OBESE.
244
00:07:42,151 --> 00:07:43,255
OBESE?
245
00:07:43,255 --> 00:07:45,119
YOU MEAN AT 5 FOOT 11,
246
00:07:45,119 --> 00:07:47,328
206 POUNDS, I'MPART OF THE
247
00:07:47,328 --> 00:07:48,813
OBESITY EPIDEMIC?
248
00:07:48,813 --> 00:07:50,849
WELL, APPARENTLY SO, BUT WE'LL
249
00:07:50,849 --> 00:07:52,195
COME BACK TO THAT.
250
00:07:52,195 --> 00:07:54,266
>> YOUR DIET SHOULD BE ONE THAT
251
00:07:54,266 --> 00:07:56,683
YOU CAN LIVE ON AND LIVE WITH
252
00:07:56,683 --> 00:07:57,615
FOREVER.
253
00:07:57,615 --> 00:07:58,547
>> OKAY.
254
00:07:58,547 --> 00:07:59,548
>> IT SHOULDN'T BE SOMETHING
255
00:07:59,548 --> 00:08:03,241
THAT'S SO DRASTIC THAT YOU CAN'T
256
00:08:03,241 --> 00:08:04,725
POSSIBLY LIVE WITH, BECAUSE AS
257
00:08:04,725 --> 00:08:06,209
SOON AS YOU'RE OFF OF IT, YOU
258
00:08:06,209 --> 00:08:08,039
WILL -- AND STUDIES SHOW THIS
259
00:08:08,039 --> 00:08:10,006
OVER AND OVER AGAIN -- YOU WILL
260
00:08:10,006 --> 00:08:11,491
JUST REVERT TO YOUR OLD WAYS,
261
00:08:11,491 --> 00:08:13,078
AND THE WEIGHT WILL COME BACK,
262
00:08:13,078 --> 00:08:13,838
IF NOT MORE.
263
00:08:13,838 --> 00:08:15,840
IF NOT MORE.
>> OKAY.
264
00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:18,463
>> OKAY.
265
00:08:18,463 --> 00:08:18,739
OKAY.
266
00:08:18,739 --> 00:08:19,740
CAN YOU GIVE ME THE NUMBERS,
267
00:08:19,740 --> 00:08:20,120
PLEASE?
268
00:08:20,120 --> 00:08:22,191
>> YES.
269
00:08:22,191 --> 00:08:24,089
WELL, YOUR CHOLESTEROL WAS A
270
00:08:24,089 --> 00:08:26,022
LITTLE BIT HIGH, BUT NOT BAD.
271
00:08:26,022 --> 00:08:27,230
IT WAS 231, BUT...
272
00:08:27,230 --> 00:08:30,924
>> WHAT WAS THE HDL AND LDL?
273
00:08:30,924 --> 00:08:32,857
>> THE HDL WAS INCREDIBLE.
274
00:08:32,857 --> 00:08:33,651
IT'S 61.
275
00:08:33,651 --> 00:08:35,204
>> NOW, IS THAT GOOD OR BAD?
276
00:08:35,204 --> 00:08:36,377
>> THAT'S VERY GOOD.
277
00:08:36,377 --> 00:08:37,206
>> IT'S GOOD?
278
00:08:37,206 --> 00:08:37,724
>> YES.
279
00:08:37,724 --> 00:08:39,139
EXCELLENT, INCREDIBLY SO.
280
00:08:39,139 --> 00:08:41,244
>> WHAT'S CONSIDERED THE, LIKE,
281
00:08:41,244 --> 00:08:42,073
THE GOOD?
282
00:08:42,073 --> 00:08:42,522
>> 39.
283
00:08:42,522 --> 00:08:43,177
>> OVER 39.
284
00:08:43,177 --> 00:08:44,454
>> YOUR TRIGLYCERIDES WERE
285
00:08:44,454 --> 00:08:44,903
GREAT.
286
00:08:44,903 --> 00:08:45,628
THEY WERE 70.
287
00:08:45,628 --> 00:08:46,664
>> THAT'S ALL RIGHT.
288
00:08:46,664 --> 00:08:47,941
WHAT'S CONSIDERED GOOD FOR
289
00:08:47,941 --> 00:08:48,700
TRIGLYCERIDES?
290
00:08:48,700 --> 00:08:50,219
>> UNDER 150.
291
00:08:50,219 --> 00:08:51,669
>> UNDER 150.
292
00:08:51,669 --> 00:08:52,773
SO, BASICALLY HDL AND
293
00:08:52,773 --> 00:08:53,981
TRIGLYCERIDES ARE GOOD.
294
00:08:53,981 --> 00:08:55,535
THE LDL IS A LITTLE HIGHER THAN
295
00:08:55,535 --> 00:08:56,605
WE'D LIKE TO SEE IT.
296
00:08:56,605 --> 00:09:00,988
WE'D LIKE TO SEE IT.
>> YES.
297
00:09:00,988 --> 00:09:02,542
>> YES.
298
00:09:02,542 --> 00:09:03,957
>> SO, WHAT ARE WE HAVING?
299
00:09:03,957 --> 00:09:06,097
>> WE'RE HAVING QUINOA WITH
300
00:09:06,097 --> 00:09:08,237
PINEAPPLE-TERIYAKI TOFU AND
301
00:09:08,237 --> 00:09:10,550
CHICKEN-FLAVORED SOY DRUMLETS
302
00:09:10,550 --> 00:09:13,483
WITH SWEET-AND-SOUR SAUCE.
303
00:09:13,483 --> 00:09:14,208
>> AND THIS?
304
00:09:14,208 --> 00:09:17,177
>> CARROT JUICE.
305
00:09:17,177 --> 00:09:19,282
>> CARROT JUICE.
>> HUH.
306
00:09:19,282 --> 00:09:47,897
>> HUH.
307
00:09:47,897 --> 00:09:49,381
YEAH, PEPPERONI, MUSHROOM,
308
00:09:49,381 --> 00:09:52,799
ONION, AND GREEN PEPPER.
309
00:09:52,799 --> 00:09:55,215
CASH.
310
00:09:55,215 --> 00:09:58,287
AND HOW LONG?
311
00:09:58,287 --> 00:09:59,702
AND HOW LONG?
HOW LONG IF I COME PICK IT UP?
312
00:09:59,702 --> 00:10:02,015
HOW LONG IF I COME PICK IT UP?
313
00:10:02,015 --> 00:10:03,672
SO, IT'S DAY 1.
314
00:10:03,672 --> 00:10:07,330
IT'S ABOUT QUARTER TO 9:00.
315
00:10:07,330 --> 00:10:08,677
MY DAUGHTER IS IN BED.
316
00:10:08,677 --> 00:10:10,333
I'M HEADING OUT FOR DINNER.
317
00:10:10,333 --> 00:10:13,958
I'VE HAD A LITTLE FEWER THAN
318
00:10:13,958 --> 00:10:18,721
1,200 CALORIES.
319
00:10:18,721 --> 00:10:19,377
OKAY.
320
00:10:19,377 --> 00:10:23,346
THERE IT IS -- THE MOST HATED
321
00:10:23,346 --> 00:10:27,627
SYMBOL IN THE ENTIRE INDUSTRY BY
322
00:10:27,627 --> 00:10:30,664
SYMBOL IN THE ENTIRE INDUSTRY BY
THE FAST-FOOD HATERS.
323
00:10:30,664 --> 00:10:38,120
THE FAST-FOOD HATERS.
324
00:10:38,120 --> 00:10:39,017
FINALLY FOUND A PLACE WHERE
325
00:10:39,017 --> 00:10:39,984
THERE'S A LITTLE BIT OF LIGHT,
326
00:10:39,984 --> 00:10:40,950
BECAUSE I DON'T HAVE A LOT OF
327
00:10:40,950 --> 00:10:43,435
NIGHT-SHOOTING EQUIPMENT.
328
00:10:43,435 --> 00:10:44,851
AND I KNOW BY NOW YOU WERE
329
00:10:44,851 --> 00:10:46,507
PROBABLY THINKING, "OKAY, HE'S
330
00:10:46,507 --> 00:10:48,095
GONNA LOSE WEIGHT EATING FAST
331
00:10:48,095 --> 00:10:48,578
FOOD.
332
00:10:48,578 --> 00:10:50,028
HE'S GONNA GO GET ALL THOSE
333
00:10:50,028 --> 00:10:51,340
GRILLED-CHICKEN SALADS.
334
00:10:51,340 --> 00:10:52,859
AND THAT'S HOW HE'S GONNA DO
335
00:10:52,859 --> 00:10:53,307
IT."
336
00:10:53,307 --> 00:10:55,862
WELL, THIS IS A DOUBLE
337
00:10:55,862 --> 00:10:59,279
QUARTER POUNDER WITH CHEESE.
338
00:10:59,279 --> 00:11:00,452
AND I'M STILL GONNA BE UNDER
339
00:11:00,452 --> 00:11:06,286
2,000 CALORIES FOR THE DAY.
340
00:11:06,286 --> 00:11:09,392
MMM.
341
00:11:09,392 --> 00:11:11,118
GROWING UP IN IOWA, I WAS AN
342
00:11:11,118 --> 00:11:12,637
ACTIVE KID AND SKINNY AS A
343
00:11:12,637 --> 00:11:14,294
RAIL, BUT WHEN MY FAMILY MOVED
344
00:11:14,294 --> 00:11:15,985
TO ILLINOIS, IT TOOK ME A LONG
345
00:11:15,985 --> 00:11:17,677
TIME TO MAKE NEW FRIENDS, SO I
346
00:11:17,677 --> 00:11:19,679
SAT AROUND AND GOT FAT, AND I'VE
347
00:11:19,679 --> 00:11:21,646
BEEN FIGHTING THAT FAT MY WHOLE
348
00:11:21,646 --> 00:11:22,164
LIFE.
349
00:11:22,164 --> 00:11:23,648
IN MY 20s, I HAD SOME
350
00:11:23,648 --> 00:11:25,615
VEGETARIAN FRIENDS WHO TOLD ME
351
00:11:25,615 --> 00:11:27,410
IF I GAVE UP MEAT, I'D LOSE
352
00:11:27,410 --> 00:11:29,309
WEIGHT, AND I DID, BUT IT WAS
353
00:11:29,309 --> 00:11:30,620
ALL IN MY MUSCLES.
354
00:11:30,620 --> 00:11:32,519
MY BELLY ACTUALLY GOT BIGGER,
355
00:11:32,519 --> 00:11:34,486
AND AFTER A COUPLE OF YEARS, I
356
00:11:34,486 --> 00:11:36,281
FELT WEAK AND TIRED ALL THE
357
00:11:36,281 --> 00:11:37,420
TIME.
358
00:11:37,420 --> 00:11:39,077
>> I WAS A VEGETARIAN FOR ABOUT
359
00:11:39,077 --> 00:11:40,596
NINE YEARS WITH ABOUT THREE
360
00:11:40,596 --> 00:11:41,701
YEARS OF BEING VERY
361
00:11:41,701 --> 00:11:43,150
STRICT VEGETARIAN, WHERE I
362
00:11:43,150 --> 00:11:46,257
CONSUMED NO ANIMAL PRODUCTS.
363
00:11:46,257 --> 00:11:47,603
AND I WAS ALSO A STRENGTH COACH
364
00:11:47,603 --> 00:11:48,949
AT THE TIME, AND THAT WAS A BAD
365
00:11:48,949 --> 00:11:50,226
COMBINATION BECAUSE I LOST MY
366
00:11:50,226 --> 00:11:51,296
STRENGTH.
367
00:11:51,296 --> 00:11:52,884
>> NEXT I TRIED THE PRITIKIN
368
00:11:52,884 --> 00:11:54,610
DIET, WHERE YOU LIMIT YOUR FAT
369
00:11:54,610 --> 00:11:56,163
TO NO MORE THAN 10% OF YOUR
370
00:11:56,163 --> 00:11:57,440
TOTAL CALORIES.
371
00:11:57,440 --> 00:11:59,753
IN FACT, I TRIED IT TWICE, AND
372
00:11:59,753 --> 00:12:03,136
BOTH TIMES I GOT DEPRESSED.
373
00:12:03,136 --> 00:12:04,896
THAT'S NOT A NATURAL CONDITION
374
00:12:04,896 --> 00:12:06,484
FOR ME.
375
00:12:06,484 --> 00:12:07,761
>> IT'S FUNNY YOU SHOULD SAY YOU
376
00:12:07,761 --> 00:12:08,935
GOT DEPRESSED ON THE PRITIKIN
377
00:12:08,935 --> 00:12:10,660
DIET, BECAUSE I ALSO TRIED A
378
00:12:10,660 --> 00:12:12,524
DIET SIMILAR TO THAT, AND IT IS
379
00:12:12,524 --> 00:12:14,250
THE ONLY TIME I'VE EVER BEEN
380
00:12:14,250 --> 00:12:15,596
DEPRESSED IN MY LIFE.
381
00:12:15,596 --> 00:12:16,943
>> PRITIKIN, BY THE WAY, CAME
382
00:12:16,943 --> 00:12:18,427
DOWN WITH LEUKEMIA AND
383
00:12:18,427 --> 00:12:19,669
COMMITTED SUICIDE.
384
00:12:19,669 --> 00:12:21,533
NEXT I TRIED THE FIT FOR LIFE
385
00:12:21,533 --> 00:12:23,087
DIET, WHICH IS ALL ABOUT
386
00:12:23,087 --> 00:12:23,950
FOOD-COMBINING.
387
00:12:23,950 --> 00:12:25,020
YOU EAT PROTEINS AND
388
00:12:25,020 --> 00:12:26,297
CARBOHYDRATES AT SEPARATE
389
00:12:26,297 --> 00:12:27,781
MEALS, AND IN THE MORNING, YOU
390
00:12:27,781 --> 00:12:29,231
CONSUME NOTHING BUT JUICE AND
391
00:12:29,231 --> 00:12:30,646
FRUIT UNTIL NOON.
392
00:12:30,646 --> 00:12:32,890
I STARTED USING A JUICER, AND I
393
00:12:32,890 --> 00:12:35,824
FELT GREAT FOR ABOUT TWO HOURS.
394
00:12:35,824 --> 00:12:37,135
WHEN THE SUGAR BUZZ FROM THE
395
00:12:37,135 --> 00:12:38,550
JUICE WORE OFF, I COULD BARELY
396
00:12:38,550 --> 00:12:41,036
STAND UP.
397
00:12:41,036 --> 00:12:43,417
SO, HOW CANPEOPLE LOSE WEIGHT?
398
00:12:43,417 --> 00:12:45,109
THE STORY WE'VE ALL HEARD ABOUT
399
00:12:45,109 --> 00:12:46,766
WEIGHT CONTROL GOES LIKE THIS.
400
00:12:46,766 --> 00:12:48,422
IF YOU EAT MORE CALORIES THAN
401
00:12:48,422 --> 00:12:49,976
YOU BURN, THE EXTRA CALORIES
402
00:12:49,976 --> 00:12:52,116
TURN TO FAT, BUT IF YOU JUST
403
00:12:52,116 --> 00:12:53,911
CONSUME FEWER CALORIES OR BURN
404
00:12:53,911 --> 00:12:55,602
MORE CALORIES BY EXERCISING,
405
00:12:55,602 --> 00:12:57,293
YOU CREATE A CALORIE DEFICIT
406
00:12:57,293 --> 00:12:58,847
AND YOU AUTOMATICALLY LOSE
407
00:12:58,847 --> 00:12:59,951
WEIGHT.
408
00:12:59,951 --> 00:13:02,471
IT'S A NICE, SIMPLE STORY, AND
409
00:13:02,471 --> 00:13:04,507
IT'S A LOAD OF BALONEY.
410
00:13:04,507 --> 00:13:06,061
>> BUT IT'S MORE COMPLICATED
411
00:13:06,061 --> 00:13:07,614
THAN THAT, BECAUSE IT'S ALSO
412
00:13:07,614 --> 00:13:09,374
IMPORTANT WHAT YOUR BODY DECIDES
413
00:13:09,374 --> 00:13:11,100
TO DO WITH THE CALORIES THAT YOU
414
00:13:11,100 --> 00:13:11,549
EAT.
415
00:13:11,549 --> 00:13:13,171
>> IN HIS GROUND-BREAKING BOOK
416
00:13:13,171 --> 00:13:14,794
"GOOD CALORIES, BAD CALORIES,"
417
00:13:14,794 --> 00:13:16,278
SCIENCE WRITER GARY TAUBES
418
00:13:16,278 --> 00:13:18,107
EXPLAINS THAT PEOPLE WHO TRY TO
419
00:13:18,107 --> 00:13:19,833
STARVE THEMSELVES THIN ALMOST
420
00:13:19,833 --> 00:13:21,559
NEVER LOSE AS MUCH WEIGHT AS
421
00:13:21,559 --> 00:13:23,388
THIS EQUATION SAYS THEY SHOULD.
422
00:13:23,388 --> 00:13:25,149
AND IN STUDIES WHERE NATURALLY
423
00:13:25,149 --> 00:13:26,667
THIN PEOPLE ATE AN EXTRA
424
00:13:26,667 --> 00:13:28,221
1,000 CALORIES PER DAY FOR
425
00:13:28,221 --> 00:13:29,843
SEVERAL MONTHS, THEY BARELY
426
00:13:29,843 --> 00:13:31,638
GAINED ANY WEIGHT AT ALL.
427
00:13:31,638 --> 00:13:33,191
AFTER EXAMINING DECADES OF
428
00:13:33,191 --> 00:13:34,917
RESEARCH THAT OBESITY EXPERTS
429
00:13:34,917 --> 00:13:36,332
SEEM TO HAVE COMPLETELY
430
00:13:36,332 --> 00:13:38,093
IGNORED, TAUBES CONCLUDED THAT
431
00:13:38,093 --> 00:13:39,819
YOUR BODY'S TENDENCY TO STORE
432
00:13:39,819 --> 00:13:42,097
FAT IS DETERMINED BY HORMONES,
433
00:13:42,097 --> 00:13:44,616
MOST IMPORTANTLY INSULIN.
434
00:13:44,616 --> 00:13:46,273
>> ALL OTHER THINGS BEING EQUAL,
435
00:13:46,273 --> 00:13:47,827
IF YOU CONSUME THE SAME NUMBER
436
00:13:47,827 --> 00:13:49,311
OF CALORIES, THE HIGHER YOUR
437
00:13:49,311 --> 00:13:50,553
INSULIN IS, THE LARGER
438
00:13:50,553 --> 00:13:52,176
PROPORTION OF THOSE CALORIES YOU
439
00:13:52,176 --> 00:13:53,833
WILL DIVERT TOWARDS STORED BODY
440
00:13:53,833 --> 00:13:54,212
FAT.
441
00:13:54,212 --> 00:13:55,662
>> IF INSULIN IS UP AND YOU'RE
442
00:13:55,662 --> 00:13:57,112
NOT EATING VERY MUCH, OR YOU'RE
443
00:13:57,112 --> 00:13:58,527
EATING EVEN THE WRONG KINDS OF
444
00:13:58,527 --> 00:13:59,908
FOODS, THE KIND OF FOODS THAT
445
00:13:59,908 --> 00:14:01,357
KEEP INSULIN UP, INSULIN HOLDS
446
00:14:01,357 --> 00:14:02,669
THE FAT IN THE FAT CELL AND
447
00:14:02,669 --> 00:14:03,635
DOESN'T LET IT OUT.
448
00:14:03,635 --> 00:14:05,085
>> WHAT RAISES INSULIN --
449
00:14:05,085 --> 00:14:06,707
INDEPENDENT OF ANY OTHER
450
00:14:06,707 --> 00:14:08,675
METABOLIC HORMONES, WHAT RAISES
451
00:14:08,675 --> 00:14:10,297
INSULIN IS CARBOHYDRATES.
452
00:14:10,297 --> 00:14:11,402
STARCH AND SUGAR, PURE AND
453
00:14:11,402 --> 00:14:12,472
SIMPLE.
454
00:14:12,472 --> 00:14:13,853
>> SO, HERE'S MY PLAN.
455
00:14:13,853 --> 00:14:15,578
USING MY FUNCTIONING BRAIN, I
456
00:14:15,578 --> 00:14:17,270
DID A FEW MINUTES OF RESEARCH
457
00:14:17,270 --> 00:14:19,099
AND FOUND THAT A MAN OF MY SIZE
458
00:14:19,099 --> 00:14:20,860
AND ACTIVITY LEVEL BURNS ABOUT
459
00:14:20,860 --> 00:14:23,103
2,500 CALORIES PER DAY.
460
00:14:23,103 --> 00:14:24,760
TO CREATE A CALORIE DEFICIT,
461
00:14:24,760 --> 00:14:26,106
I'M SETTING A TARGET OF
462
00:14:26,106 --> 00:14:28,246
2,000 CALORIES PER DAY.
463
00:14:28,246 --> 00:14:29,869
I'LL ALSO BURN A FEW EXTRA
464
00:14:29,869 --> 00:14:31,663
CALORIES BY WALKING SIX NIGHTS
465
00:14:31,663 --> 00:14:33,320
PER WEEK INSTEAD OF MY USUAL
466
00:14:33,320 --> 00:14:33,873
THREE.
467
00:14:33,873 --> 00:14:35,771
BUT HERE'S THE REALLY IMPORTANT
468
00:14:35,771 --> 00:14:36,254
PART.
469
00:14:36,254 --> 00:14:38,015
TO MAKE SURE MY BODY CAN BURN
470
00:14:38,015 --> 00:14:39,602
ITS OWN FAT FOR FUEL, I'M
471
00:14:39,602 --> 00:14:41,363
GOING TO KEEP MY INSULIN DOWN
472
00:14:41,363 --> 00:14:43,192
BY LIMITING MY CARBOHYDRATES TO
473
00:14:43,192 --> 00:14:46,816
ABOUT 100 PER DAY.
474
00:14:46,816 --> 00:14:49,750
ABOUT 100 PER DAY.
BREAKFAST.
475
00:14:49,750 --> 00:15:31,033
BREAKFAST.
476
00:15:31,033 --> 00:15:33,070
>> ♪ SOMETHING HERE JUST DOESN'T
477
00:15:33,070 --> 00:15:33,829
ADD UP ♪
478
00:15:33,829 --> 00:15:35,865
♪ SOMETHING HERE JUST DOESN'T GO
479
00:15:35,865 --> 00:15:36,452
DOWN ♪
480
00:15:36,452 --> 00:15:38,420
♪ SOMETHING HERE JUST DOESN'T
481
00:15:38,420 --> 00:15:39,145
ADD UP ♪
482
00:15:39,145 --> 00:15:40,387
♪ SOMETHING HERE JUST DOESN'T GO
483
00:15:40,387 --> 00:15:40,767
DOWN ♪
484
00:15:40,767 --> 00:15:41,837
>> OKAY. I ADMIT IT.
485
00:15:41,837 --> 00:15:43,597
AS A COMPUTER PROGRAMMER, I KIND
486
00:15:43,597 --> 00:15:44,460
OF LIKE MATH.
487
00:15:44,460 --> 00:15:46,221
SO LET'S DO SOME, AND I PROMISE
488
00:15:46,221 --> 00:15:47,256
IT WON'T BE HARD.
489
00:15:47,256 --> 00:15:48,844
EVEN THE REVIEWERS WHO LOVE
490
00:15:48,844 --> 00:15:50,466
"SUPER SIZE ME" COULD DO THIS
491
00:15:50,466 --> 00:15:51,916
MATH IF THEY WANTED TO.
492
00:15:51,916 --> 00:15:53,262
>> MORGAN SPURLOCK ATE AT
493
00:15:53,262 --> 00:15:54,954
McDONALD'S FOR 30 DAYS USING
494
00:15:54,954 --> 00:15:55,816
THESE RULES.
495
00:15:55,816 --> 00:15:57,542
"I WILL EAT THREE SQUARE MEALS
496
00:15:57,542 --> 00:15:58,198
PER DAY.
497
00:15:58,198 --> 00:15:59,924
"I WILL EAT EVERYTHING ON THE
498
00:15:59,924 --> 00:16:01,098
MENU AT LEAST ONCE.
499
00:16:01,098 --> 00:16:02,858
I WILL ONLY SUPER-SIZE A MEAL
500
00:16:02,858 --> 00:16:03,893
IF THEY ASK ME."
501
00:16:03,893 --> 00:16:05,412
THERE'S NO SUCH THING AS A
502
00:16:05,412 --> 00:16:07,173
SUPER-SIZED BREAKFAST, SO THAT
503
00:16:07,173 --> 00:16:08,933
LEAVES 60 LUNCHES AND DINNERS,
504
00:16:08,933 --> 00:16:10,693
BUT SPURLOCK WAS ONLY ASKED TO
505
00:16:10,693 --> 00:16:12,316
SUPER-SIZE NINE TIMES, WHICH
506
00:16:12,316 --> 00:16:14,283
MEANS, ACCORDING TO HIS RULES,
507
00:16:14,283 --> 00:16:16,285
51 LUNCHES AND DINNERS WERE NOT
508
00:16:16,285 --> 00:16:17,217
SUPER-SIZED.
509
00:16:17,217 --> 00:16:19,012
SO LET'S PUT TOGETHER THREE
510
00:16:19,012 --> 00:16:20,600
MEALS A DAY USING LARGE
511
00:16:20,600 --> 00:16:22,429
COMBINATIONS AND SEE WHAT WE
512
00:16:22,429 --> 00:16:22,947
GET.
513
00:16:22,947 --> 00:16:24,535
FOR BREAKFAST, WE'LL GO WITH A
514
00:16:24,535 --> 00:16:25,881
BACON-EGG-CHEESE BISCUIT,
515
00:16:25,881 --> 00:16:27,503
HASH BROWNS, AND A LARGE ORANGE
516
00:16:27,503 --> 00:16:28,988
JUICE, FOR LUNCH, A BIG MAC,
517
00:16:28,988 --> 00:16:30,506
LARGE FRIES, AND LARGE COKE,
518
00:16:30,506 --> 00:16:31,887
AND FOR DINNER, A QUARTER
519
00:16:31,887 --> 00:16:33,268
POUNDER WITH CHEESE, LARGE
520
00:16:33,268 --> 00:16:34,786
FRIES, AND LARGE COKE.
521
00:16:34,786 --> 00:16:35,856
WAIT A SECOND.
522
00:16:35,856 --> 00:16:37,927
THAT'S NOT EVEN 3,600 CALORIES.
523
00:16:37,927 --> 00:16:39,895
IN "SUPER SIZE ME," SPURLOCK'S
524
00:16:39,895 --> 00:16:41,931
NUTRITIONIST TOLD HIM NOT ONCE,
525
00:16:41,931 --> 00:16:44,003
BUT TWICE, THAT HE WAS CONSUMING
526
00:16:44,003 --> 00:16:46,005
MORE THAN 5,000 CALORIES EVERY
527
00:16:46,005 --> 00:16:46,522
DAY.
528
00:16:46,522 --> 00:16:47,109
OKAY.
529
00:16:47,109 --> 00:16:48,386
LET'S TRY AGAIN.
530
00:16:48,386 --> 00:16:49,870
THIS TIME WE'LL HAVE AN EGG
531
00:16:49,870 --> 00:16:51,424
McMUFFIN, LARGE ORANGE JUICE,
532
00:16:51,424 --> 00:16:53,115
AND HASH BROWNS, A BIG N' TASTY,
533
00:16:53,115 --> 00:16:54,634
LARGE COKE, AND LARGE FRIES,
534
00:16:54,634 --> 00:16:56,187
AND FOR DINNER, WE'LL GO WITH
535
00:16:56,187 --> 00:16:57,809
THE FILET-O-FISH, LARGE FRIES,
536
00:16:57,809 --> 00:16:59,880
LARGE COKE, AND WHAT THE HECK,
537
00:16:59,880 --> 00:17:01,951
A HOT-FUDGE SUNDAE FOR DESSERT.
538
00:17:01,951 --> 00:17:03,436
ISN'T THAT STRANGE?
539
00:17:03,436 --> 00:17:05,714
EVEN WITH A DESSERT, I'M AT JUST
540
00:17:05,714 --> 00:17:07,750
OVER 3,600 CALORIES.
541
00:17:07,750 --> 00:17:09,269
SOMETHING DOESN'T ADD UP.
542
00:17:09,269 --> 00:17:10,995
WELL, LET'S TRY A SUPER-SIZE
543
00:17:10,995 --> 00:17:11,444
DAY.
544
00:17:11,444 --> 00:17:13,273
WE'LL HAVE A SAUSAGE-EGG-CHEESE
545
00:17:13,273 --> 00:17:14,895
McGRIDDLE, LARGE O.J., AND
546
00:17:14,895 --> 00:17:16,414
HASH BROWNS, FOLLOWED BY A
547
00:17:16,414 --> 00:17:18,037
BIG MAC, SUPER-SIZED FRIES,
548
00:17:18,037 --> 00:17:19,590
SUPER-SIZED COKE, AND FOR
549
00:17:19,590 --> 00:17:21,454
DINNER, A DOUBLE QUARTER POUNDER
550
00:17:21,454 --> 00:17:23,283
WITH CHEESE, SUPER-SIZED FRIES,
551
00:17:23,283 --> 00:17:24,422
SUPER-SIZED COKE.
552
00:17:24,422 --> 00:17:26,424
THAT'S A LOT OF CALORIES, BUT
553
00:17:26,424 --> 00:17:28,495
I'M STILL 800 CALORIES SHORT OF
554
00:17:28,495 --> 00:17:30,428
WHAT SPURLOCK CONSUMED EVERY
555
00:17:30,428 --> 00:17:30,980
DAY.
556
00:17:30,980 --> 00:17:32,810
AND I JUST SUPER-SIZED TWO
557
00:17:32,810 --> 00:17:33,466
MEALS.
558
00:17:33,466 --> 00:17:35,399
TO GET MY CALORIE COUNT EVEN
559
00:17:35,399 --> 00:17:36,917
CLOSE TO SPURLOCKIAN
560
00:17:36,917 --> 00:17:38,333
PROPORTIONS, I HAVE TO
561
00:17:38,333 --> 00:17:40,266
SUPER-SIZE MY LUNCH, SUPER-SIZE
562
00:17:40,266 --> 00:17:42,061
MY DINNER, THEN THROW IN TWO
563
00:17:42,061 --> 00:17:42,751
DESSERTS.
564
00:17:42,751 --> 00:17:44,546
SO, HOW DID A GUY WHO CLAIMED
565
00:17:44,546 --> 00:17:46,444
TO EAT THREE MEALS PER DAY AND
566
00:17:46,444 --> 00:17:48,239
ONLY SUPER-SIZE NINE MEALS IN
567
00:17:48,239 --> 00:17:49,861
AN ENTIRE MONTH MANAGE TO
568
00:17:49,861 --> 00:17:52,450
CONSUME MORE THAN 5,000 CALORIES
569
00:17:52,450 --> 00:17:53,934
EACH AND EVERY DAY?
570
00:17:53,934 --> 00:17:54,349
HI.
571
00:17:54,349 --> 00:17:55,626
I'M WORKING ON A DOCUMENTARY
572
00:17:55,626 --> 00:17:56,937
THAT'S SORT OF A FOLLOW-UP TO
573
00:17:56,937 --> 00:17:57,731
"SUPER SIZE ME."
574
00:17:57,731 --> 00:17:59,008
I WAS WONDERING IF THERE WAS
575
00:17:59,008 --> 00:18:00,286
SOME WAY I COULD GET AHOLD OF
576
00:18:00,286 --> 00:18:01,528
MORGAN SPURLOCK.
577
00:18:01,528 --> 00:18:03,427
I NEED TO SEE HIS FOOD LOG.
578
00:18:03,427 --> 00:18:03,772
HI.
579
00:18:03,772 --> 00:18:05,325
I'M DOING SORT OF A DOCUMENTARY
580
00:18:05,325 --> 00:18:06,844
FOLLOW-UP TO "SUPER SIZE ME."
581
00:18:06,844 --> 00:18:08,225
I WAS WONDERING IF THERE'S A
582
00:18:08,225 --> 00:18:09,640
CONTACT NUMBER FOR THE CON,
583
00:18:09,640 --> 00:18:11,090
MORGAN SPURLOCK'S PRODUCTION
584
00:18:11,090 --> 00:18:11,642
COMPANY.
585
00:18:11,642 --> 00:18:13,402
I WAS HOPING TO SEE HIS FOOD
586
00:18:13,402 --> 00:18:13,920
LOG.
587
00:18:13,920 --> 00:18:14,438
OKAY.
588
00:18:14,438 --> 00:18:16,164
WHAT'S YOUR E-MAIL ADDRESS?
589
00:18:16,164 --> 00:18:17,751
I WOULD LIKE TO GET AHOLD OF THE
590
00:18:17,751 --> 00:18:20,237
FOOD DIARY THAT SPURLOCK KEPT
591
00:18:20,237 --> 00:18:22,653
DURING THAT MONTH.
592
00:18:22,653 --> 00:18:23,757
SEVERAL JOURNALISTS HAVE
593
00:18:23,757 --> 00:18:25,380
ASKED SPURLOCK TO LET THEM SEE
594
00:18:25,380 --> 00:18:27,106
HIS SUPER-SIZED FOOD LOG.
595
00:18:27,106 --> 00:18:29,763
THE ANSWER IN EVERY CASE WAS NO.
596
00:18:29,763 --> 00:18:32,076
ONE OF SPURLOCK'S AGENTS ASKED
597
00:18:32,076 --> 00:18:34,458
ME TO PUT MY REQUEST IN WRITING,
598
00:18:34,458 --> 00:18:35,355
SO I DID.
599
00:18:35,355 --> 00:18:37,461
AND I NEVER GOT A RESPONSE.
600
00:18:37,461 --> 00:18:39,118
AT THE END OF "SUPER SIZE ME,"
601
00:18:39,118 --> 00:18:40,878
SPURLOCK CALLED UPON McDONALD'S
602
00:18:40,878 --> 00:18:42,569
TO GET RID OF THOSE SUPER-SIZED
603
00:18:42,569 --> 00:18:43,501
MEALS.
604
00:18:43,501 --> 00:18:44,985
THIS ANNOYS ME.
605
00:18:44,985 --> 00:18:46,401
YOU KNOW, IF McDONALD'S WANTS TO
606
00:18:46,401 --> 00:18:48,196
SELL ME A BUCKET OF FRENCH FRIES
607
00:18:48,196 --> 00:18:49,956
FOR 50 CENTS AND I WANT TO BUY
608
00:18:49,956 --> 00:18:51,440
THEM, THAT'S BETWEEN ME AND
609
00:18:51,440 --> 00:18:52,200
McDONALD'S.
610
00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:53,511
IT'S REALLY NONE OF HIS
611
00:18:53,511 --> 00:18:54,167
BUSINESS.
612
00:18:54,167 --> 00:18:55,824
AND BY THE WAY, McDONALD'S DID
613
00:18:55,824 --> 00:18:57,550
STOP SUPER-SIZING A COUPLE YEARS
614
00:18:57,550 --> 00:18:59,276
AGO, AND I DON'T REMEMBER SEEING
615
00:18:59,276 --> 00:19:03,935
THIS HEADLINE.
616
00:19:03,935 --> 00:19:05,799
AND SPURLOCK SOMEHOW MANAGED TO
617
00:19:05,799 --> 00:19:07,525
GAIN 25 POUNDS IN 30 DAYS IN
618
00:19:07,525 --> 00:19:09,320
SPITE OF THE FACT THAT HE ONLY
619
00:19:09,320 --> 00:19:11,219
SUPER-SIZED AN AVERAGE OF TWICE
620
00:19:11,219 --> 00:19:13,152
A WEEK, WHICH MEANS SUPER-SIZING
621
00:19:13,152 --> 00:19:14,981
WAS NOT THE PROBLEM, NOT IF HE
622
00:19:14,981 --> 00:19:16,810
FOLLOWED HIS OWN RULES, WHICH
623
00:19:16,810 --> 00:19:18,778
COMMON SENSE AND A LITTLE BASIC
624
00:19:18,778 --> 00:19:20,814
MATH SAYS HE DIDN'T.
625
00:19:20,814 --> 00:19:22,644
>> ♪ SOMETHING HERE JUST DOESN'T
626
00:19:22,644 --> 00:19:23,472
ADD UP ♪
627
00:19:23,472 --> 00:19:25,509
♪ SOMETHING HERE JUST DOESN'T GO
628
00:19:25,509 --> 00:19:26,475
DOWN ♪
629
00:19:26,475 --> 00:19:28,097
♪ SOMETHING HERE JUST DOESN'T
630
00:19:28,097 --> 00:19:29,133
ADD UP ♪
631
00:19:29,133 --> 00:19:30,859
>> SO, HOW DID SPURLOCK MANAGE
632
00:19:30,859 --> 00:19:32,481
TO KEEP SUCH A DETAILED FOOD
633
00:19:32,481 --> 00:19:33,275
LOG, ANYWAY?
634
00:19:33,275 --> 00:19:35,139
IN "SUPER SIZE ME," HE DELIVERED
635
00:19:35,139 --> 00:19:36,589
THE SHOCKING NEWS THAT HE
636
00:19:36,589 --> 00:19:38,177
COULDN'T FIND ANY NUTRITION
637
00:19:38,177 --> 00:19:39,868
INFORMATION AT ONE QUARTER OF
638
00:19:39,868 --> 00:19:41,559
THE McDONALD'S RESTAURANTS IN
639
00:19:41,559 --> 00:19:42,802
MANHATTAN.
640
00:19:42,802 --> 00:19:44,252
OF COURSE, HE ALSO SHOWED US
641
00:19:44,252 --> 00:19:45,805
THAT MANHATTAN IS PRACTICALLY
642
00:19:45,805 --> 00:19:47,427
LITTERED WITH McDONALD'S, WHICH
643
00:19:47,427 --> 00:19:48,877
MEANS YOU COULD JUST WALK A
644
00:19:48,877 --> 00:19:50,292
COUPLE OF BLOCKS TO ANOTHER
645
00:19:50,292 --> 00:19:51,776
McDONALD'S AND LOOK AT THEIR
646
00:19:51,776 --> 00:19:52,881
NUTRITION MENU.
647
00:19:52,881 --> 00:19:54,365
YOU'D EVEN GET A LITTLE
648
00:19:54,365 --> 00:19:55,642
EXERCISE THAT WAY.
649
00:19:55,642 --> 00:19:57,472
NUTRITION INFORMATION IS ALSO
650
00:19:57,472 --> 00:19:59,198
AVAILABLE ON THE McDONALD'S
651
00:19:59,198 --> 00:19:59,922
WEBSITE.
652
00:19:59,922 --> 00:20:01,717
YOU CAN EVEN DOWNLOAD IT AND
653
00:20:01,717 --> 00:20:03,202
PRINT IT FROM YOUR HOME
654
00:20:03,202 --> 00:20:03,685
COMPUTER.
655
00:20:03,685 --> 00:20:04,444
BUT WAIT.
656
00:20:04,444 --> 00:20:06,446
USING A LARGE, UGLY BUILDING TO
657
00:20:06,446 --> 00:20:08,414
REPRESENT POOR PEOPLE, SPURLOCK
658
00:20:08,414 --> 00:20:10,312
TOLD US THAT ONLY HALF OF ALL
659
00:20:10,312 --> 00:20:12,211
AMERICANS HAVE INTERNET ACCESS
660
00:20:12,211 --> 00:20:14,178
AT HOME AND WONDERED, "WHAT ARE
661
00:20:14,178 --> 00:20:16,007
THESE PEOPLE SUPPOSED TO DO?"
662
00:20:16,007 --> 00:20:17,699
WELL, I SUPPOSE THEY COULD GO
663
00:20:17,699 --> 00:20:19,425
TO A LIBRARY OR A SCHOOL OR AN
664
00:20:19,425 --> 00:20:21,047
INTERNET CAFé OR ONE OF THE
665
00:20:21,047 --> 00:20:22,773
THOUSANDS OF OTHER PLACES WITH
666
00:20:22,773 --> 00:20:24,084
INTERNET ACCESS.
667
00:20:24,084 --> 00:20:26,570
OR HERE'S ANOTHER IDEA.
668
00:20:26,570 --> 00:20:28,192
YOU KNOW, BACK BEFORE COMPUTERS
669
00:20:28,192 --> 00:20:29,676
AND THE INTERNET, A LOT OF US
670
00:20:29,676 --> 00:20:31,299
WERE PRETTY ADEPT AT USING THESE
671
00:20:31,299 --> 00:20:33,059
LOW-TECH, COMPACT DATA
672
00:20:33,059 --> 00:20:36,131
REPOSITORIES, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS
673
00:20:36,131 --> 00:20:37,374
BOOKS.
674
00:20:37,374 --> 00:20:38,651
I WENT TO THE SMALLEST
675
00:20:38,651 --> 00:20:40,273
BOOKSTORE IN MY AREA AND FOUND
676
00:20:40,273 --> 00:20:41,757
SEVEN BOOKS THAT LIST FULL
677
00:20:41,757 --> 00:20:43,345
NUTRITION INFORMATION FOR ALL
678
00:20:43,345 --> 00:20:45,036
THE FAST-FOOD CHAINS.
679
00:20:45,036 --> 00:20:47,038
THERE IT IS -- EVERYTHING FROM
680
00:20:47,038 --> 00:20:49,075
ARBY'S TO PIZZA HUT TO WENDY'S.
681
00:20:49,075 --> 00:20:50,766
SO IT TURNS OUT NUTRITION
682
00:20:50,766 --> 00:20:52,734
INFORMATION IS ACTUALLY PRETTY
683
00:20:52,734 --> 00:20:53,769
EASY TO FIND.
684
00:20:53,769 --> 00:20:55,461
AND IF YOU REALLY WANT TO LOSE
685
00:20:55,461 --> 00:20:56,979
WEIGHT, YOU WILL FIND IT.
686
00:20:56,979 --> 00:20:58,429
BUT EVEN WITHOUT ALL THAT
687
00:20:58,429 --> 00:21:00,155
INFORMATION, ARE PEOPLE REALLY
688
00:21:00,155 --> 00:21:01,881
GETTING FAT ON FAST FOOD
689
00:21:01,881 --> 00:21:03,434
WITHOUT KNOWING WHY?
690
00:21:03,434 --> 00:21:04,470
I HAVE HERE A DOUBLE QUARTER
691
00:21:04,470 --> 00:21:05,505
POUNDER WITH CHEESE, A LARGE
692
00:21:05,505 --> 00:21:06,506
ORDER OF FRIES, AND A LARGE
693
00:21:06,506 --> 00:21:06,851
COKE.
694
00:21:06,851 --> 00:21:07,266
>> RIGHT.
695
00:21:07,266 --> 00:21:08,508
>> NOW, IS THAT A HIGH-CALORIE
696
00:21:08,508 --> 00:21:09,613
MEAL OR A LOW-CALORIE MEAL?
697
00:21:09,613 --> 00:21:10,614
>> DEFINITELY I'D SAY A
698
00:21:10,614 --> 00:21:11,408
HIGH-CALORIE MEAL.
699
00:21:11,408 --> 00:21:12,685
>> I WOULD SAY THAT'S A HELL OF
700
00:21:12,685 --> 00:21:13,755
A LOT OF CALORIES.
701
00:21:13,755 --> 00:21:14,859
>> A HELL OF A LOT.
702
00:21:14,859 --> 00:21:15,688
>> VERY HIGH.
703
00:21:15,688 --> 00:21:16,516
>> VERY HIGH?
704
00:21:16,516 --> 00:21:17,345
>> VERY HIGH.
705
00:21:17,345 --> 00:21:18,794
>> I BELIEVE, HONEST, IT'S
706
00:21:18,794 --> 00:21:19,623
HIGH-CALORIE.
707
00:21:19,623 --> 00:21:20,589
>> HIGH-CALORIE.
708
00:21:20,589 --> 00:21:22,177
>> I KNOW IT'S A HIGH-CALORIE
709
00:21:22,177 --> 00:21:22,626
MEAL.
710
00:21:22,626 --> 00:21:23,868
>> GIVE ME A ROUGH GUESS.
711
00:21:23,868 --> 00:21:25,284
HOW MANY CALORIES HERE?
712
00:21:25,284 --> 00:21:26,906
>> I WOULD SAY MAYBE -- BOTH
713
00:21:26,906 --> 00:21:27,562
CARROTS?
714
00:21:27,562 --> 00:21:29,253
>> JUST IN THE CARROTS, YEAH.
715
00:21:29,253 --> 00:21:29,943
COMBINED.
716
00:21:29,943 --> 00:21:31,324
LARGE ORDER OF CARROTS.
717
00:21:31,324 --> 00:21:32,739
>> I WOULD SAY MAYBE 25
718
00:21:32,739 --> 00:21:33,430
CALORIES.
719
00:21:33,430 --> 00:21:34,085
>> OKAY.
720
00:21:34,085 --> 00:21:35,673
HOW MANY CALORIES IN THERE?
721
00:21:35,673 --> 00:21:36,985
>> I'D SAY MAYBE 500.
722
00:21:36,985 --> 00:21:38,055
>> DEFINITELY HIGH-CALORIE.
723
00:21:38,055 --> 00:21:39,125
>> DEFINITELY HIGH-CALORIE?
724
00:21:39,125 --> 00:21:39,539
>> YEAH.
725
00:21:39,539 --> 00:21:40,609
>> OH, THAT'S HIGH CALORIES --
726
00:21:40,609 --> 00:21:41,817
AS MANY CALORIES AS YOU CAN GET
727
00:21:41,817 --> 00:21:42,301
INTO A MEAL.
728
00:21:42,301 --> 00:21:42,887
>> A LOT.
729
00:21:42,887 --> 00:21:44,130
>> IT'S A LOT OF CALORIES?
730
00:21:44,130 --> 00:21:44,682
>> A LOT.
731
00:21:44,682 --> 00:21:46,028
>> AND HOW DID YOU KNOW THAT?
732
00:21:46,028 --> 00:21:46,822
>> I JUST KNOW.
733
00:21:46,822 --> 00:21:48,237
>> ACTUALLY, JUST COMMON SENSE
734
00:21:48,237 --> 00:21:48,893
PRETTY MUCH.
735
00:21:48,893 --> 00:21:49,722
>> COMMON SENSE?
736
00:21:49,722 --> 00:21:51,068
>> I'D HAVE TO SAY SO, YEAH.
737
00:21:51,068 --> 00:21:52,483
>> UH, IT'S A CHEESEBURGER AND
738
00:21:52,483 --> 00:21:52,932
FRIES.
739
00:21:52,932 --> 00:21:53,933
>> UM, COMMON SENSE.
740
00:21:53,933 --> 00:21:54,761
>> COMMON SENSE?
741
00:21:54,761 --> 00:21:55,590
>> COMMON SENSE.
742
00:21:55,590 --> 00:21:56,832
>> LIKE THE STUFF UP HERE?
743
00:21:56,832 --> 00:21:57,316
>> YEAH.
744
00:21:57,316 --> 00:21:58,731
>> NOW, HOW DID YOU KNOW THAT?
745
00:21:58,731 --> 00:22:00,077
DID RONALD McDONALD TELL YOU?
746
00:22:00,077 --> 00:22:01,320
>> NO, NO CLOWN HAS EVER TOLD ME
747
00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:02,459
THAT IT'S A HIGH-CALORIE MEAL.
748
00:22:02,459 --> 00:22:04,495
>> WITH THE FRIES AND THE BURGER
749
00:22:04,495 --> 00:22:06,325
AND THE DRINK, IT JUST SEEMS
750
00:22:06,325 --> 00:22:08,292
LIKE A HIGH-CALORIE MEAL.
751
00:22:08,292 --> 00:22:09,535
>> IF YOU ATE LIKE THIS ALL THE
752
00:22:09,535 --> 00:22:10,708
TIME AND THEN SAT AROUND ALL
753
00:22:10,708 --> 00:22:11,847
DAY, WHAT DO YOU THINK WOULD
754
00:22:11,847 --> 00:22:12,296
HAPPEN?
755
00:22:12,296 --> 00:22:13,366
>> I WOULD BE VERY FAT.
756
00:22:13,366 --> 00:22:16,024
>> UM...
757
00:22:16,024 --> 00:22:17,474
>> IF YOU ATE LIKE THIS FOUR OR
758
00:22:17,474 --> 00:22:18,889
FIVE TIMES A DAY AND THEN SAT
759
00:22:18,889 --> 00:22:20,166
AROUND ALL DAY, WHAT WOULD
760
00:22:20,166 --> 00:22:20,925
HAPPEN TO YOU?
761
00:22:20,925 --> 00:22:22,582
>> YOU'D GET FAT!
762
00:22:22,582 --> 00:22:24,101
>> YOU WOULD LOOK LIKE OPRAH
763
00:22:24,101 --> 00:22:25,136
BACK IN THE '80s.
764
00:22:25,136 --> 00:22:26,759
>> I DIDN'T EVEN SEE YOUR MOUTH
765
00:22:26,759 --> 00:22:27,242
MOVE.
766
00:22:27,242 --> 00:22:28,899
IN FACT, THIS ABILITY TO
767
00:22:28,899 --> 00:22:30,590
RECOGNIZE HIGH-CALORIE FOOD
768
00:22:30,590 --> 00:22:32,351
SEEMS TO BE NEARLY UNIVERSAL.
769
00:22:32,351 --> 00:22:33,835
>> AND WHERE ARE YOU FROM?
770
00:22:33,835 --> 00:22:35,043
>> LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.
771
00:22:35,043 --> 00:22:36,078
>> I'M ORIGINALLY FROM
772
00:22:36,078 --> 00:22:37,183
SOUTH CAROLINA, ACTUALLY.
773
00:22:37,183 --> 00:22:38,218
>> WE'RE FROM HOLLAND.
774
00:22:38,218 --> 00:22:39,047
>> MASSACHUSETTS.
775
00:22:39,047 --> 00:22:40,048
>> WHERE ARE YOU FROM?
776
00:22:40,048 --> 00:22:40,807
>> JAPAN.
777
00:22:40,807 --> 00:22:42,291
>> MY NAME IS NATASHA.
778
00:22:42,291 --> 00:22:43,189
>> NATASHA?
779
00:22:43,189 --> 00:22:44,535
>> NATASHA. YES.
780
00:22:44,535 --> 00:22:45,605
>> WHERE ARE YOU FROM?
781
00:22:45,605 --> 00:22:46,192
>> RUSSIA.
782
00:22:46,192 --> 00:22:47,366
>> CAN YOU SAY "MOOSE AND
783
00:22:47,366 --> 00:22:47,952
SQUIRREL"?
784
00:22:47,952 --> 00:22:48,470
>> WHAT?
785
00:22:48,470 --> 00:22:49,506
>> WHERE ARE YOU FROM?
786
00:22:49,506 --> 00:22:50,196
>> BULGARIA.
787
00:22:50,196 --> 00:22:50,852
>> BULGARIA?
788
00:22:50,852 --> 00:22:51,922
>> MOOSE AND SQUIRREL.
789
00:22:51,922 --> 00:22:52,405
>> OKAY.
790
00:22:52,405 --> 00:22:53,372
OKAY, SURE.
791
00:22:53,372 --> 00:22:55,270
YOU AND I KNOW HIGH-CALORIE FOOD
792
00:22:55,270 --> 00:22:56,961
WHEN WE SEE IT, BUT WHEN I'VE
793
00:22:56,961 --> 00:22:58,238
DISCUSSED THE MERITS OF
794
00:22:58,238 --> 00:23:00,033
"SUPER SIZE ME" WITH MY FRIENDS
795
00:23:00,033 --> 00:23:01,794
AND ASSOCIATES, I'VE NOTICED A
796
00:23:01,794 --> 00:23:02,864
CURIOUS PATTERN.
797
00:23:02,864 --> 00:23:04,728
ALMOST EVERYONE WHO REALLY LIKES
798
00:23:04,728 --> 00:23:06,488
THAT MOVIE SHARES A COMMON AND
799
00:23:06,488 --> 00:23:08,076
DEARLY HELD BELIEF.
800
00:23:08,076 --> 00:23:10,768
[ BOING! ]
801
00:23:10,768 --> 00:23:12,114
>> ONE OF THE THINGS THAT STRUCK
802
00:23:12,114 --> 00:23:13,357
ME MOST ABOUT "SUPER SIZE ME"
803
00:23:13,357 --> 00:23:14,600
WAS THAT THERE ARE THESE IMAGES
804
00:23:14,600 --> 00:23:15,946
OF THESE AFRICAN-AMERICAN TEENS,
805
00:23:15,946 --> 00:23:17,257
AND THEY WERE TALKING ABOUT HOW
806
00:23:17,257 --> 00:23:18,742
MUCH THEY LIKED McDONALD'S.
807
00:23:18,742 --> 00:23:20,019
AND THERE'S THIS IMPLICATION OF,
808
00:23:20,019 --> 00:23:21,296
LIKE, "OH, LOOK HOW STUPID THESE
809
00:23:21,296 --> 00:23:21,779
KIDS ARE.
810
00:23:21,779 --> 00:23:23,056
THEY DON'T EVEN KNOW WHAT'S GOOD
811
00:23:23,056 --> 00:23:24,299
FOR THEM," AND THAT, YOU KNOW,
812
00:23:24,299 --> 00:23:25,542
WE HAVE TO REALLY PUT THE ONUS
813
00:23:25,542 --> 00:23:26,750
ON McDONALD'S TO TAKE CARE OF
814
00:23:26,750 --> 00:23:27,992
THEM BECAUSE THESE KIDS CAN'T
815
00:23:27,992 --> 00:23:29,235
MAKE DECISIONS FOR THEMSELVES.
816
00:23:29,235 --> 00:23:31,168
WELL, YOU KNOW, WHO IS
817
00:23:31,168 --> 00:23:32,549
MORGAN SPURLOCK OR ANY OF US TO
818
00:23:32,549 --> 00:23:33,929
SORT OF DETERMINE WHAT SOMEBODY
819
00:23:33,929 --> 00:23:35,310
ELSE CAN AND CANNOT EAT, OR TO
820
00:23:35,310 --> 00:23:36,622
KNOW WHAT OTHER PEOPLE KNOW IS
821
00:23:36,622 --> 00:23:37,864
GOOD OR NOT GOOD FOR THEM?
822
00:23:37,864 --> 00:23:39,038
ENGENDERED IN THAT IS ALSO A
823
00:23:39,038 --> 00:23:40,246
CERTAIN KIND OF PATERNALISM.
824
00:23:40,246 --> 00:23:41,212
AND ONCE AGAIN, IT'S A
825
00:23:41,212 --> 00:23:42,421
PATERNALISM THAT'S DIRECTED AT
826
00:23:42,421 --> 00:23:44,250
THE POOR, AT MINORITIES,
827
00:23:44,250 --> 00:23:45,527
SOMEHOW OR ANOTHER THAT THOSE
828
00:23:45,527 --> 00:23:46,873
PEOPLE CAN'T MAKE DECISIONS FOR
829
00:23:46,873 --> 00:23:48,288
THEMSELVES AND THAT THERE'S SOME
830
00:23:48,288 --> 00:23:49,600
OTHER FORCE THAT NEEDS TO COME
831
00:23:49,600 --> 00:23:51,326
IN AND MAKE DECISIONS FOR THEM,
832
00:23:51,326 --> 00:23:52,327
WHEN IN FACT, THEY'RE VERY HAPPY
833
00:23:52,327 --> 00:23:53,052
TO MAKE DECISIONS FOR
834
00:23:53,052 --> 00:23:53,466
THEMSELVES.
835
00:23:53,466 --> 00:23:54,398
IN FACT, WHAT THE LAST THING
836
00:23:54,398 --> 00:23:55,364
THEY WANT IS FOR SOMEBODY ELSE
837
00:23:55,364 --> 00:23:56,296
TO COME IN AND MAKE DECISIONS
838
00:23:56,296 --> 00:23:56,642
FOR THEM.
839
00:23:56,642 --> 00:23:57,953
>> NO, I'M A LEADER, NOT A
840
00:23:57,953 --> 00:23:58,506
FOLLOWER.
841
00:23:58,506 --> 00:24:00,853
[ DING! ]
842
00:24:00,853 --> 00:24:01,232
>> HI.
843
00:24:01,232 --> 00:24:02,302
>> HI. CAN I HELP YOU, SIR?
844
00:24:02,302 --> 00:24:04,615
>> YEAH, I'D LIKE A FIVE-PIECE
845
00:24:04,615 --> 00:24:07,135
CHICKEN SELECT AND A MEDIUM DIET
846
00:24:07,135 --> 00:24:07,446
COKE.
847
00:24:07,446 --> 00:24:07,929
OKAY, SIR.
848
00:24:07,929 --> 00:24:09,068
WOULD YOU LIKE SOME FRIES WITH
849
00:24:09,068 --> 00:24:10,518
THAT?
850
00:24:10,518 --> 00:24:11,346
>> NO, THANK YOU.
851
00:24:11,346 --> 00:24:11,760
>> OKAY.
852
00:24:11,760 --> 00:24:12,830
THAT'LL BE FOR HERE OR TO GO,
853
00:24:12,830 --> 00:24:13,141
SIR?
854
00:24:13,141 --> 00:24:13,969
>> THAT'S FOR HERE.
855
00:24:13,969 --> 00:24:14,453
>> OKAY.
856
00:24:14,453 --> 00:24:15,592
>> DID YOU SEE HOW EASY THAT
857
00:24:15,592 --> 00:24:15,902
WAS?
858
00:24:15,902 --> 00:24:17,076
"DO YOU WANT SOME FRIES WITH
859
00:24:17,076 --> 00:24:17,456
THAT?"
860
00:24:17,456 --> 00:24:18,595
"NO, THANK YOU."
861
00:24:18,595 --> 00:24:20,942
WHEN I WAS A STAND-UP COMEDIAN,
862
00:24:20,942 --> 00:24:23,082
I HEARD THE HACK JOKE OVER AND
863
00:24:23,082 --> 00:24:25,153
OVER, "WHAT PART OF A CHICKEN
864
00:24:25,153 --> 00:24:30,089
DOES A McNUGGET COME FROM?"
865
00:24:30,089 --> 00:24:32,574
YES, WE ALL KNOW THERE ARE NO
866
00:24:32,574 --> 00:24:34,645
McNUGGETS ON A CHICKEN.
867
00:24:34,645 --> 00:24:37,303
THERE ARE ALSO NO SAUSAGES ON A
868
00:24:37,303 --> 00:24:40,548
PIG.
869
00:24:40,548 --> 00:24:43,067
>> ♪ EVERYBODY'S GOT A LAWYER
870
00:24:43,067 --> 00:24:44,724
♪ AND THE LAWYERS NEED TO MAKE
871
00:24:44,724 --> 00:24:46,381
THEIR FEES ♪
872
00:24:46,381 --> 00:24:47,831
♪ THEY SAY THEY USE THEIR LEGAL
873
00:24:47,831 --> 00:24:48,521
MIND ♪
874
00:24:48,521 --> 00:24:50,074
>> TO MOST OF US, THE IDEA THAT
875
00:24:50,074 --> 00:24:51,524
PEOPLE ARE TOO STUPID TO KNOW
876
00:24:51,524 --> 00:24:53,077
THAT SODAS AND FRENCH FRIES ARE
877
00:24:53,077 --> 00:24:54,596
FATTENING SOUNDS LIKE A LOAD OF
878
00:24:54,596 --> 00:24:55,770
BALONEY.
879
00:24:55,770 --> 00:24:57,254
BUT IF YOU SUE PEOPLE FOR A
880
00:24:57,254 --> 00:24:58,980
LIVING, THAT SOUNDS MORE LIKE AN
881
00:24:58,980 --> 00:25:00,222
OPENING ARGUMENT.
882
00:25:00,222 --> 00:25:02,052
IN "SUPER SIZE ME," SUPER
883
00:25:02,052 --> 00:25:03,640
SUE-MEISTER JOHN BANZHAF, WHO
884
00:25:03,640 --> 00:25:05,469
DESPERATELY WANTS TO SQUEEZE
885
00:25:05,469 --> 00:25:07,333
GOLD OUT OF THE GOLDEN ARCHES,
886
00:25:07,333 --> 00:25:09,162
EXPLAINED WHY IT'S McDONALD'S
887
00:25:09,162 --> 00:25:11,544
FAULT WHEN PEOPLE GET FAT.
888
00:25:11,544 --> 00:25:14,029
IT'S A SUDDEN CHANGE.
889
00:25:14,029 --> 00:25:16,066
MOST OF THIS OBESITY EPIDEMIC
890
00:25:16,066 --> 00:25:18,309
HAS OCCURRED SINCE LAST JANUARY.
891
00:25:18,309 --> 00:25:20,001
NOW, WHAT'S CAUSING IT?
892
00:25:20,001 --> 00:25:21,209
WELL, IT CAN'T BE THE
893
00:25:21,209 --> 00:25:22,555
MOM-AND-POP RESTAURANTS.
894
00:25:22,555 --> 00:25:24,281
THEY'VE BEEN AROUND FOR HUNDREDS
895
00:25:24,281 --> 00:25:24,937
OF YEARS.
896
00:25:24,937 --> 00:25:26,386
IT CAN'T BE THE FOOD WE'RE
897
00:25:26,386 --> 00:25:27,318
EATING AT HOME.
898
00:25:27,318 --> 00:25:28,872
WE'VE BEEN EATING AT HOME FOR
899
00:25:28,872 --> 00:25:30,770
HUNDREDS OF YEARS.
900
00:25:30,770 --> 00:25:32,531
I THINK IT'S FAIR TO POINT THE
901
00:25:32,531 --> 00:25:33,877
BIG GUN AT McDONALD'S.
902
00:25:33,877 --> 00:25:35,603
THEY'RE THE ONES WHO LURE KIDS
903
00:25:35,603 --> 00:25:36,017
IN.
904
00:25:36,017 --> 00:25:37,536
THEY'RE THE ONES WITH THE
905
00:25:37,536 --> 00:25:38,295
PLAYLANDS.
906
00:25:38,295 --> 00:25:39,917
YOU KNOW, IN A LOT OF AREAS,
907
00:25:39,917 --> 00:25:41,436
THERE ARE NO PLAYGROUNDS.
908
00:25:41,436 --> 00:25:46,648
YOU HAVE TO GO TO McDONALD'S.
909
00:25:46,648 --> 00:25:48,305
>> DON'T YOU JUST LOVE LAWYER
910
00:25:48,305 --> 00:25:48,823
LOGIC?
911
00:25:48,823 --> 00:25:50,410
WELL, LET'S TAKE THEM ONE BY
912
00:25:50,410 --> 00:25:50,825
ONE.
913
00:25:50,825 --> 00:25:52,412
"WE CAN'T BLAME THE SIT-DOWN
914
00:25:52,412 --> 00:25:53,241
RESTAURANTS.
915
00:25:53,241 --> 00:25:54,553
THEY'VE BEEN AROUND FOR
916
00:25:54,553 --> 00:25:56,347
HUNDREDS OF YEARS."
917
00:25:56,347 --> 00:25:57,832
WHEN MY PARENTS WENT OUT TO A
918
00:25:57,832 --> 00:25:59,488
RESTAURANT, IT WASN'T FOR
919
00:25:59,488 --> 00:26:00,662
LOW-CALORIE FOOD.
920
00:26:00,662 --> 00:26:02,353
THEY WENT OUT FOR A CREAMY
921
00:26:02,353 --> 00:26:04,252
SALAD, STEAK, LOBSTER, A BAKED
922
00:26:04,252 --> 00:26:05,943
POTATO WITH BUTTER AND SOUR
923
00:26:05,943 --> 00:26:07,773
CREAM, ALL WASHED DOWN WITH A
924
00:26:07,773 --> 00:26:09,637
BOTTLE OF WINE, AND PROBABLY A
925
00:26:09,637 --> 00:26:10,810
DESSERT TO FOLLOW.
926
00:26:10,810 --> 00:26:12,260
THE DIFFERENCE IS, THEY ONLY
927
00:26:12,260 --> 00:26:13,779
WENT OUT FOR A BIG DINNER 10 OR
928
00:26:13,779 --> 00:26:14,952
15 TIMES A YEAR.
929
00:26:14,952 --> 00:26:16,954
AND IF I WENT WITH THEM, IT WAS
930
00:26:16,954 --> 00:26:18,404
PROBABLY MY BIRTHDAY.
931
00:26:18,404 --> 00:26:20,302
TODAY, AMERICANS EAT OUT MORE
932
00:26:20,302 --> 00:26:22,235
THAN ANYBODY IN THE WORLD, AND
933
00:26:22,235 --> 00:26:24,065
THE WHOLE FAMILY GOES ALONG.
934
00:26:24,065 --> 00:26:25,756
THE RESTAURANT BUSINESS IS
935
00:26:25,756 --> 00:26:26,515
BOOMING.
936
00:26:26,515 --> 00:26:28,448
THE ONLY INDUSTRY THAT EMPLOYS
937
00:26:28,448 --> 00:26:30,381
MORE PEOPLE IS GOVERNMENT, AND
938
00:26:30,381 --> 00:26:32,280
WE GIVE RESTAURANTS OUR MONEY
939
00:26:32,280 --> 00:26:33,419
ON PURPOSE.
940
00:26:33,419 --> 00:26:34,938
IN FACT, A STUDY CONDUCTED BY
941
00:26:34,938 --> 00:26:36,318
THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I
942
00:26:36,318 --> 00:26:37,872
CONCLUDED THAT WHEN KIDS GO TO
943
00:26:37,872 --> 00:26:39,114
A TRADITIONAL SIT-DOWN
944
00:26:39,114 --> 00:26:40,391
RESTAURANT, THEY END UP
945
00:26:40,391 --> 00:26:41,876
CONSUMING MORE CALORIES THAN
946
00:26:41,876 --> 00:26:43,429
WHEN THEY GO TO McDONALD'S OR
947
00:26:43,429 --> 00:26:45,396
ANY OTHER FAST-FOOD JOINT.
948
00:26:45,396 --> 00:26:47,191
"WE CAN'T BLAME MEALS AT HOME.
949
00:26:47,191 --> 00:26:49,055
WE'VE BEEN EATING MEALS AT HOME
950
00:26:49,055 --> 00:26:49,746
FOREVER."
951
00:26:49,746 --> 00:26:51,264
RIP VAN WINKLE, CALL YOUR
952
00:26:51,264 --> 00:26:51,851
OFFICE.
953
00:26:51,851 --> 00:26:53,612
SOMEBODY'S BEEN SLEEPING UNDER
954
00:26:53,612 --> 00:26:54,682
YOUR TREE.
955
00:26:54,682 --> 00:26:56,373
>> WITH OVER 40% OF AMERICAN
956
00:26:56,373 --> 00:26:57,926
WOMEN NOW WORKING FULL- OR
957
00:26:57,926 --> 00:26:59,618
PART-TIME, PLUS HAVING KIDS,
958
00:26:59,618 --> 00:27:01,274
SIMPLY, WOMEN'S ROLE AS FOOD
959
00:27:01,274 --> 00:27:03,138
PROVIDERS AND FOOD PREPARERS HAS
960
00:27:03,138 --> 00:27:04,484
CHANGED.
961
00:27:04,484 --> 00:27:05,693
MOST WOMEN SIMPLY DO NOT HAVE A
962
00:27:05,693 --> 00:27:06,728
LOT OF TIME AND ENERGY TO
963
00:27:06,728 --> 00:27:08,627
PREPARE THE TYPES OF MEALS THAT,
964
00:27:08,627 --> 00:27:11,146
SAY, JUNE CLEAVER DID IN THE
965
00:27:11,146 --> 00:27:12,009
1950s.
966
00:27:12,009 --> 00:27:13,528
FOOD MANUFACTURERS RECOGNIZING
967
00:27:13,528 --> 00:27:14,805
THIS FACT STARTED PUTTING
968
00:27:14,805 --> 00:27:16,427
TOGETHER MORE PRE-PACKAGED TYPES
969
00:27:16,427 --> 00:27:18,050
OF FOOD, AND THE LARGEST GROWTH
970
00:27:18,050 --> 00:27:19,638
IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY HAS COME IN
971
00:27:19,638 --> 00:27:21,156
THESE PRE-PREPARED DINNERS AND
972
00:27:21,156 --> 00:27:22,192
PRE-PREPARED MEALS.
973
00:27:22,192 --> 00:27:24,953
>> IN 1978, ONLY 8% OF ALL HOMES
974
00:27:24,953 --> 00:27:26,921
HAD A MICROWAVE OVEN.
975
00:27:26,921 --> 00:27:29,302
TODAY, NEARLY EVERYBODY DOES.
976
00:27:29,302 --> 00:27:30,925
WHEN DINNERTIME ROLLS AROUND,
977
00:27:30,925 --> 00:27:32,443
WE BUY IT AND NUKE IT, OR WE
978
00:27:32,443 --> 00:27:33,962
PICK IT UP AND TAKE IT HOME.
979
00:27:33,962 --> 00:27:35,308
THE RESTAURANT AND FOOD
980
00:27:35,308 --> 00:27:36,827
INDUSTRIES DIDN'T CAUSE THIS
981
00:27:36,827 --> 00:27:38,518
TREND, THEY'RE JUST RESPONDING
982
00:27:38,518 --> 00:27:39,002
TO IT.
983
00:27:39,002 --> 00:27:40,520
OH, AND BY THE WAY, THEY'RE
984
00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:41,936
GIVING US MORE OF WHAT WE
985
00:27:41,936 --> 00:27:44,007
WANT -- FREE TIME.
986
00:27:44,007 --> 00:27:45,905
AND NOW FOR MY FAVORITE BIT OF
987
00:27:45,905 --> 00:27:47,182
LAWYER LOGIC.
988
00:27:47,182 --> 00:27:48,459
THEY'RE THE ONES WHO LURE KIDS
989
00:27:48,459 --> 00:27:48,736
IN.
990
00:27:48,736 --> 00:27:49,806
THEY'RE THE ONES WITH THE
991
00:27:49,806 --> 00:27:51,014
PLAYLANDS.
992
00:27:51,014 --> 00:27:52,601
YOU KNOW, IN A LOT OF AREAS,
993
00:27:52,601 --> 00:27:54,017
THERE ARE NO PLAYGROUNDS.
994
00:27:54,017 --> 00:27:56,536
YOU HAVE TO GO TO McDONALD'S.
995
00:27:56,536 --> 00:27:58,677
IS THAT SUPPOSED TO MAKE ME
996
00:27:58,677 --> 00:28:00,092
MAD AT McDONALD'S?
997
00:28:00,092 --> 00:28:01,956
LISTEN TO WHAT HE JUST SAID.
998
00:28:01,956 --> 00:28:03,233
IN SOME AREAS, THE FEDERAL
999
00:28:03,233 --> 00:28:04,579
GOVERNMENT DIDN'T PROVIDE A
1000
00:28:04,579 --> 00:28:05,925
PLAYGROUND, STATE GOVERNMENT
1001
00:28:05,925 --> 00:28:07,271
DIDN'T PROVIDE A PLAYGROUND,
1002
00:28:07,271 --> 00:28:08,756
LOCAL GOVERNMENT DIDN'T PROVIDE
1003
00:28:08,756 --> 00:28:11,448
A PLAYGROUND...
1004
00:28:11,448 --> 00:28:13,761
RONALD McDONALD DID.
1005
00:28:13,761 --> 00:28:15,176
WHERE I LIVE, IT CAN BE
1006
00:28:15,176 --> 00:28:17,350
105 DEGREES IN AUGUST.
1007
00:28:17,350 --> 00:28:19,111
PARENTS FLOCK TO THE McDONALD'S
1008
00:28:19,111 --> 00:28:20,388
PLAYLAND BECAUSE IT'S
1009
00:28:20,388 --> 00:28:22,114
AIR-CONDITIONED AND IT'S SAFE.
1010
00:28:22,114 --> 00:28:23,771
I TALKED TO THE OTHER PARENTS,
1011
00:28:23,771 --> 00:28:25,151
AND WE ALL HAVE THE SAME
1012
00:28:25,151 --> 00:28:25,773
PROBLEM.
1013
00:28:25,773 --> 00:28:29,190
>> NO, I DON'T WANT IT.
1014
00:28:29,190 --> 00:28:29,880
NO!
1015
00:28:29,880 --> 00:28:31,537
>> THE KIDS ARE SO ANXIOUS TO
1016
00:28:31,537 --> 00:28:33,159
PLAY, THEY DON'T WANT TO EAT.
1017
00:28:33,159 --> 00:28:34,747
OF COURSE, THE REAL REASON WE
1018
00:28:34,747 --> 00:28:36,128
CAN BLAME THE FAST-FOOD
1019
00:28:36,128 --> 00:28:37,681
RESTAURANTS IS THAT THEY'RE
1020
00:28:37,681 --> 00:28:39,372
GIVING US TOO MUCH FOOD FOR TOO
1021
00:28:39,372 --> 00:28:40,235
LITTLE MONEY.
1022
00:28:40,235 --> 00:28:41,650
>> I'M FORCED TO EAT THIS
1023
00:28:41,650 --> 00:28:42,168
FOOD...
1024
00:28:42,168 --> 00:28:42,755
>> YEAH?
1025
00:28:42,755 --> 00:28:44,343
>> ...ALL WEEK LONG BECAUSE I
1026
00:28:44,343 --> 00:28:45,965
HAVE BEEN BRAINWASHED SINCE I
1027
00:28:45,965 --> 00:28:46,828
WAS LIKE 5.
1028
00:28:46,828 --> 00:28:48,519
>> I MEAN, IT TAKES YEARS TO
1029
00:28:48,519 --> 00:28:49,520
LOOK LIKE THIS.
1030
00:28:49,520 --> 00:28:50,314
>> IT DOES.
1031
00:28:50,314 --> 00:28:51,799
>> AND I'VE WORKED ON IT.
1032
00:28:51,799 --> 00:28:53,697
I JUST GOT DONE EATING THREE HOT
1033
00:28:53,697 --> 00:28:54,180
DOGS.
1034
00:28:54,180 --> 00:28:55,734
>> THE REASON WHY AMERICANS HAVE
1035
00:28:55,734 --> 00:28:57,149
GAINED AN AVERAGE OF 8 TO 10
1036
00:28:57,149 --> 00:28:59,358
POUNDS OVER THE PAST 20 YEARS IS
1037
00:28:59,358 --> 00:29:01,153
NOT BECAUSE McDONALD'S IS
1038
00:29:01,153 --> 00:29:02,464
SUPER-SIZING THEIR VALUE MEALS.
1039
00:29:02,464 --> 00:29:03,776
IT'S HOW MUCH THEY'RE EATING IN
1040
00:29:03,776 --> 00:29:04,466
BETWEEN MEALS.
1041
00:29:04,466 --> 00:29:05,778
IT'S HOW MUCH THEY'RE EATING IN
1042
00:29:05,778 --> 00:29:06,365
THEIR CARS.
1043
00:29:06,365 --> 00:29:07,573
IT'S HOW MUCH THEY'RE EATING
1044
00:29:07,573 --> 00:29:08,712
WHILE THEY'RE WATCHING TV.
1045
00:29:08,712 --> 00:29:10,162
IT'S THE MOCHA FRAPPUCCINOS.
1046
00:29:10,162 --> 00:29:11,784
IT'S THE BEN & JERRY'S ICE CREAM
1047
00:29:11,784 --> 00:29:13,061
AT 10:00 AT NIGHT.
1048
00:29:13,061 --> 00:29:15,546
THESE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ABOUT
1049
00:29:15,546 --> 00:29:17,203
25% OF THE AVERAGE AMERICAN'S
1050
00:29:17,203 --> 00:29:18,273
CALORIC INTAKE.
1051
00:29:18,273 --> 00:29:20,034
THE EXPANSION OF THE BEVERAGE
1052
00:29:20,034 --> 00:29:21,863
MARKET IN THIS COUNTRY AND THE
1053
00:29:21,863 --> 00:29:23,831
NUMBER OF HIGH-CALORIE BEVERAGES
1054
00:29:23,831 --> 00:29:25,729
THAT MOST AMERICANS CONSUME ARE
1055
00:29:25,729 --> 00:29:27,524
PROBABLY MORE RESPONSIBLE FOR
1056
00:29:27,524 --> 00:29:29,353
AMERICA'S WEIGHT GAIN OVER THE
1057
00:29:29,353 --> 00:29:30,872
PAST 20 OR 30 YEARS THAN
1058
00:29:30,872 --> 00:29:32,736
ANYTHING HAVING TO DO WITH OUR
1059
00:29:32,736 --> 00:29:33,910
ACTUAL MEAL SIZES.
1060
00:29:33,910 --> 00:29:35,014
>> IF THERE'S ONE THING
1061
00:29:35,014 --> 00:29:36,257
MORGAN SPURLOCK AND I WOULD
1062
00:29:36,257 --> 00:29:38,431
AGREE ON, IT'S THIS -- DRINKING
1063
00:29:38,431 --> 00:29:39,847
A 44-OUNCE GLASS OF
1064
00:29:39,847 --> 00:29:42,021
HIGH-FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP TWO OR
1065
00:29:42,021 --> 00:29:43,851
THREE TIMES A DAY IS NUTS.
1066
00:29:43,851 --> 00:29:45,887
SO, HOW MUCH SUGARY SODA AM I
1067
00:29:45,887 --> 00:29:48,062
CONSUMING ON MY FAST-FOOD DIET?
1068
00:29:48,062 --> 00:29:48,683
NONE.
1069
00:29:48,683 --> 00:29:50,719
IN FACT, I ALMOST NEVER DRINK
1070
00:29:50,719 --> 00:29:52,791
THE STUFF BECAUSE I FEEL LOUSY
1071
00:29:52,791 --> 00:29:55,276
THE STUFF BECAUSE I FEEL LOUSY
WHEN I DO.
1072
00:29:55,276 --> 00:30:04,216
WHEN I DO.
1073
00:30:04,216 --> 00:30:05,493
>> AND FURTHERMORE, IF YOU LOOK
1074
00:30:05,493 --> 00:30:07,495
AT THOSE, YOU KNOW, THE
1075
00:30:07,495 --> 00:30:10,015
RELIGIOUS DRY ACTIVISTS -- THEY
1076
00:30:10,015 --> 00:30:11,050
MADE ALL THE SAME ARGUMENTS
1077
00:30:11,050 --> 00:30:12,051
ABOUT IT WAS BAD FOR YOUR
1078
00:30:12,051 --> 00:30:13,225
FAMILY, AND IT WAS BAD FOR YOUR
1079
00:30:13,225 --> 00:30:14,364
HEALTH.
1080
00:30:14,364 --> 00:30:15,399
AND, YOU KNOW, THEY MADE ALL THE
1081
00:30:15,399 --> 00:30:16,780
KINDS OF PRACTICAL ARGUMENTS THE
1082
00:30:16,780 --> 00:30:17,919
PUBLIC-HEALTH PEOPLE MAKE.
1083
00:30:17,919 --> 00:30:19,058
IT'S REALLY ABOUT THE SAME
1084
00:30:19,058 --> 00:30:21,854
THING, WHICH IS LOOKING AT
1085
00:30:21,854 --> 00:30:24,270
PEOPLE'S RISKY BEHAVIOR,
1086
00:30:24,270 --> 00:30:25,962
DECIDING PEOPLE OUGHT NOT TO
1087
00:30:25,962 --> 00:30:28,827
BEHAVE THAT WAY, AND THEN TRYING
1088
00:30:28,827 --> 00:30:30,000
TO ENLIST THE GOVERNMENT TO GET
1089
00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:31,070
THOSE PEOPLE TO CHANGE THEIR
1090
00:30:31,070 --> 00:30:32,347
BEHAVIOR.
1091
00:30:32,347 --> 00:30:33,797
>> THE MODERN-DAY EQUIVALENTS OF
1092
00:30:33,797 --> 00:30:35,074
THE WOMEN'S TEMPERANCE LEAGUE
1093
00:30:35,074 --> 00:30:36,973
ARE GROUPS LIKE THE CENTER FOR
1094
00:30:36,973 --> 00:30:38,906
SCIENCE IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST.
1095
00:30:38,906 --> 00:30:40,735
JUST LIKE THE RELIGIOUS DRY
1096
00:30:40,735 --> 00:30:42,737
ACTIVISTS, CSPI BELIEVES PEOPLE
1097
00:30:42,737 --> 00:30:44,635
ARE TOO WEAK AND TOO STUPID TO
1098
00:30:44,635 --> 00:30:46,568
RESIST GIVING IN TO TEMPTATION.
1099
00:30:46,568 --> 00:30:47,431
>> WHETHER THEY CALL IT
1100
00:30:47,431 --> 00:30:49,778
KING-SIZING, SUPER-SIZING,
1101
00:30:49,778 --> 00:30:51,919
OR A COMBO DEAL, FOR MANY
1102
00:30:51,919 --> 00:30:54,335
AMERICANS, IT'S AN OFFER THAT'S
1103
00:30:54,335 --> 00:30:55,681
HARD TO REFUSE.
1104
00:30:55,681 --> 00:30:57,441
>> SO, WHO ARE THESE PEOPLE,
1105
00:30:57,441 --> 00:30:58,063
ANYWAY?
1106
00:30:58,063 --> 00:30:59,927
CSPI IS USUALLY IDENTIFIED IN
1107
00:30:59,927 --> 00:31:01,963
THE MEDIA AS A CONSUMER-ADVOCACY
1108
00:31:01,963 --> 00:31:03,965
GROUP, BUT THEY'RE A LITTLE MORE
1109
00:31:03,965 --> 00:31:04,828
THAN THAT.
1110
00:31:04,828 --> 00:31:06,002
>> THE CENTER FOR SCIENCE IN THE
1111
00:31:06,002 --> 00:31:06,968
PUBLIC INTEREST IS A VERY
1112
00:31:06,968 --> 00:31:08,107
WELL-INTENTIONED ORGANIZATION,
1113
00:31:08,107 --> 00:31:10,385
BUT I THINK THEY MISREPRESENT
1114
00:31:10,385 --> 00:31:11,766
THEMSELVES IN THAT THEY PICK AND
1115
00:31:11,766 --> 00:31:13,078
CHOOSE THE TYPE OF SCIENCE THAT
1116
00:31:13,078 --> 00:31:14,803
THEY CHOOSE TO ENDORSE IF IT
1117
00:31:14,803 --> 00:31:16,184
CORRESPONDS WITH THEIR
1118
00:31:16,184 --> 00:31:17,392
ORGANIZATION'S MISSION.
1119
00:31:17,392 --> 00:31:20,050
>> THEY'RE PUSHING VEGETARIANISM
1120
00:31:20,050 --> 00:31:21,672
TO A LARGE EXTENT.
1121
00:31:21,672 --> 00:31:23,019
>> THEY ARE A VEGETARIAN
1122
00:31:23,019 --> 00:31:24,675
ORGANIZATION, AND THAT'S THEIR
1123
00:31:24,675 --> 00:31:25,538
REAL INTEREST.
1124
00:31:25,538 --> 00:31:26,885
IT'S NOT BASED ON PUBLIC
1125
00:31:26,885 --> 00:31:28,300
INTEREST OR REAL SCIENCE.
1126
00:31:28,300 --> 00:31:29,922
>> THEY'RE PROMOTING
1127
00:31:29,922 --> 00:31:32,200
MISINFORMATION FOR THE BENEFIT
1128
00:31:32,200 --> 00:31:33,926
OF CERTAIN INDUSTRIES.
1129
00:31:33,926 --> 00:31:35,721
>> ACTUALLY, THEY'RE NOT REALLY
1130
00:31:35,721 --> 00:31:37,102
GOOD SCIENTISTS AT ALL.
1131
00:31:37,102 --> 00:31:38,655
>> CSPI WAS FOUNDED BY
1132
00:31:38,655 --> 00:31:40,691
MICHAEL JACOBSON, A VEGETARIAN
1133
00:31:40,691 --> 00:31:42,624
ACTIVIST WHO USED TO WORK FOR
1134
00:31:42,624 --> 00:31:44,005
RALPH NADER.
1135
00:31:44,005 --> 00:31:45,524
OVER THE YEARS, JACOBSON AND
1136
00:31:45,524 --> 00:31:48,113
CSPI HAVE WARNED US ABOUT ALL
1137
00:31:48,113 --> 00:31:50,391
KINDS OF DANGEROUS FOODS.
1138
00:31:50,391 --> 00:31:51,840
>> THE CENTER FOR SCIENCE IN THE
1139
00:31:51,840 --> 00:31:53,221
PUBLIC INTEREST, THE SAME GROUP
1140
00:31:53,221 --> 00:31:54,636
THAT RECENTLY CAME DOWN HARD ON
1141
00:31:54,636 --> 00:31:55,741
THE CALORIES IN CHINESE
1142
00:31:55,741 --> 00:31:56,293
COOKING...
1143
00:31:56,293 --> 00:31:57,708
>> FIRST THEY SAID THAT CHINESE
1144
00:31:57,708 --> 00:31:59,020
FOOD WAS LOADED WITH FAT, THEN
1145
00:31:59,020 --> 00:32:01,471
ITALIAN, NOW IT IS MEXICAN.
1146
00:32:01,471 --> 00:32:02,644
>> ...HAS A NEW STUDY ON THE
1147
00:32:02,644 --> 00:32:04,612
PERILS OF FAT AND CALORIES IN
1148
00:32:04,612 --> 00:32:06,407
DINING OUT ITALIAN-STYLE.
1149
00:32:06,407 --> 00:32:07,926
>> THEY DO NOT HOLD BACK.
1150
00:32:07,926 --> 00:32:09,375
NO, THEY DO NOT SPEAK IN
1151
00:32:09,375 --> 00:32:10,376
MEASURED TERMS.
1152
00:32:10,376 --> 00:32:12,102
THEY PUSH THINGS TO THE LIMIT
1153
00:32:12,102 --> 00:32:13,000
ALL THE TIME.
1154
00:32:13,000 --> 00:32:14,173
>> THIS IS A HEART ATTACK IN A
1155
00:32:14,173 --> 00:32:16,831
BUN.
1156
00:32:16,831 --> 00:32:18,488
>> SO STAY AWAY FROM FETTUCCINE
1157
00:32:18,488 --> 00:32:19,040
ALFREDO.
1158
00:32:19,040 --> 00:32:20,731
HURLEY CALLS IT "HEART ATTACK ON
1159
00:32:20,731 --> 00:32:23,355
A PLATE."
1160
00:32:23,355 --> 00:32:24,356
>> HAVE YOU EVER EATEN
1161
00:32:24,356 --> 00:32:25,219
FETTUCCINE ALFREDO?
1162
00:32:25,219 --> 00:32:25,805
>> I HAVE.
1163
00:32:25,805 --> 00:32:27,704
>> HOW MANY TIMES?
1164
00:32:27,704 --> 00:32:28,291
>> IN MY LIFE?
1165
00:32:28,291 --> 00:32:28,705
>> SURE.
1166
00:32:28,705 --> 00:32:30,431
GIVE ME A ROUGH GUESS.
1167
00:32:30,431 --> 00:32:31,121
>> 50.
1168
00:32:31,121 --> 00:32:32,812
>> YOU'VE EATEN 50 SERVINGS OF
1169
00:32:32,812 --> 00:32:33,952
FETTUCCINE ALFREDO?
1170
00:32:33,952 --> 00:32:34,676
>> MM-HMM.
1171
00:32:34,676 --> 00:32:35,194
>> 50.
1172
00:32:35,194 --> 00:32:36,678
>> OF COURSE. I'M ITALIAN.
1173
00:32:36,678 --> 00:32:38,059
I LOVE FETTUCCINE ALFREDO.
1174
00:32:38,059 --> 00:32:38,784
>> THERE YOU GO.
1175
00:32:38,784 --> 00:32:39,854
>> I HAVE. LAST NIGHT.
1176
00:32:39,854 --> 00:32:40,959
>> LAST NIGHT.
1177
00:32:40,959 --> 00:32:42,305
>> THAT IS BIZARRE.
1178
00:32:42,305 --> 00:32:43,651
>> MAYBE 200.
1179
00:32:43,651 --> 00:32:44,548
>> 200?
1180
00:32:44,548 --> 00:32:45,894
AND HOW MANY HEART ATTACKS HAVE
1181
00:32:45,894 --> 00:32:46,378
YOU HAD?
1182
00:32:46,378 --> 00:32:48,138
>> NONE.
1183
00:32:48,138 --> 00:32:49,484
>> ARE YOU SURE?
1184
00:32:49,484 --> 00:32:51,072
>> I THINK SO, YEAH.
1185
00:32:51,072 --> 00:32:52,073
>> NO, NO HEART ATTACKS,
1186
00:32:52,073 --> 00:32:52,591
ACTUALLY.
1187
00:32:52,591 --> 00:32:53,454
>> NO HEART ATTACKS.
1188
00:32:53,454 --> 00:32:53,972
>> NONE.
1189
00:32:53,972 --> 00:32:55,352
>> ARE YOU HAVING CHEST PAINS
1190
00:32:55,352 --> 00:32:55,801
TODAY?
1191
00:32:55,801 --> 00:32:56,181
>> NO.
1192
00:32:56,181 --> 00:32:57,423
>> ANY POSSIBILITY YOU HAD A
1193
00:32:57,423 --> 00:32:58,769
HEART ATTACK AND DIDN'T KNOW IT?
1194
00:32:58,769 --> 00:32:59,184
>> NO.
1195
00:32:59,184 --> 00:33:00,530
>> IS THERE ANY CHANCE YOU HAD A
1196
00:33:00,530 --> 00:33:01,876
HEART ATTACK AND JUST SAID, "OH,
1197
00:33:01,876 --> 00:33:03,498
I SHOULDN'T HAVE HAD THE CHILI?"
1198
00:33:03,498 --> 00:33:04,844
>> POSSIBLY, I GUESS.
1199
00:33:04,844 --> 00:33:06,605
>> IF ALL THEY DID WAS NAG US
1200
00:33:06,605 --> 00:33:08,538
ABOUT THE FOODS THEY DON'T LIKE,
1201
00:33:08,538 --> 00:33:10,471
THEN GROUPS LIKE CSPI WOULD JUST
1202
00:33:10,471 --> 00:33:12,231
BE ANNOYING AND OCCASIONALLY
1203
00:33:12,231 --> 00:33:14,026
LAUGHABLE, BUT THEY DON'T JUST
1204
00:33:14,026 --> 00:33:15,096
WANT TO NAG US.
1205
00:33:15,096 --> 00:33:16,995
THEY WANT BIG GOVERNMENT TO STEP
1206
00:33:16,995 --> 00:33:18,651
IN AND HELP US MAKE BETTER
1207
00:33:18,651 --> 00:33:19,307
CHOICES.
1208
00:33:19,307 --> 00:33:21,102
WHEN McDONALD'S BEGAN PUTTING
1209
00:33:21,102 --> 00:33:23,001
OUT NUTRITION MENUS, CSPI SAID
1210
00:33:23,001 --> 00:33:24,899
THAT WASN'T GOOD ENOUGH BECAUSE
1211
00:33:24,899 --> 00:33:26,797
PEOPLE DON'T WANT TO GET OUT OF
1212
00:33:26,797 --> 00:33:28,006
LINE TO READ THEM.
1213
00:33:28,006 --> 00:33:30,525
"BOY, I REALLY SHOULD COUNT MY
1214
00:33:30,525 --> 00:33:33,011
CALORIES AND LOSE SOME WEIGHT,
1215
00:33:33,011 --> 00:33:35,703
BUT I'D HAVE TO WALK ALL THE WAY
1216
00:33:35,703 --> 00:33:36,842
OVER THERE.
1217
00:33:36,842 --> 00:33:38,154
EH, HECK WITH IT."
1218
00:33:38,154 --> 00:33:40,190
SO NOW CSPI WANTS THE GOVERNMENT
1219
00:33:40,190 --> 00:33:41,950
TO FORCE RESTAURANTS TO PUT
1220
00:33:41,950 --> 00:33:43,849
NUTRITION INFORMATION RIGHT ON
1221
00:33:43,849 --> 00:33:45,816
YOUR FAST-FOOD PACKAGE, BECAUSE
1222
00:33:45,816 --> 00:33:47,818
THEN YOU'D FINALLY GET SMART AND
1223
00:33:47,818 --> 00:33:49,786
STOP EATING THE STUFF, WHICH IS
1224
00:33:49,786 --> 00:33:51,029
A LOAD OF BALONEY.
1225
00:33:51,029 --> 00:33:52,030
>> NO, I DON'T THINK ANYONE
1226
00:33:52,030 --> 00:33:53,065
WOULD ARGUE WITH THE IDEA THAT
1227
00:33:53,065 --> 00:33:54,342
HAVING MORE INFORMATION ABOUT
1228
00:33:54,342 --> 00:33:55,481
WHAT WE EAT AND ABOUT ITS
1229
00:33:55,481 --> 00:33:56,758
NUTRITIONAL CONTENT IS A GOOD
1230
00:33:56,758 --> 00:33:58,312
THING, BUT THE IDEA THAT SOMEHOW
1231
00:33:58,312 --> 00:33:59,830
OR ANOTHER, IF I WAS CONFRONTED
1232
00:33:59,830 --> 00:34:02,833
WITH THE FACT THAT MY BIG MAC IS
1233
00:34:02,833 --> 00:34:04,525
600 CALORIES WOULD CHANGE THE
1234
00:34:04,525 --> 00:34:06,147
LIKELIHOOD THAT I ATE THAT
1235
00:34:06,147 --> 00:34:07,873
BIG MAC, I THINK, IS A LOT OF
1236
00:34:07,873 --> 00:34:08,977
WISHFUL THINKING.
1237
00:34:08,977 --> 00:34:10,979
>> NOW, IF YOU KNEW THAT THESE
1238
00:34:10,979 --> 00:34:12,947
WERE 400, 450 CALORIES, WOULD
1239
00:34:12,947 --> 00:34:15,846
YOU JUST GIVE UP FRIES?
1240
00:34:15,846 --> 00:34:16,571
>> NO.
1241
00:34:16,571 --> 00:34:16,985
>> NO.
1242
00:34:16,985 --> 00:34:17,917
>> NO. PROBABLY NOT.
1243
00:34:17,917 --> 00:34:19,195
>> IF THERE WAS A WARNING LABEL
1244
00:34:19,195 --> 00:34:20,196
ON HERE THAT SAID "400
1245
00:34:20,196 --> 00:34:21,507
CALORIES," THEN WOULD YOU STOP
1246
00:34:21,507 --> 00:34:22,163
EATING FRIES?
1247
00:34:22,163 --> 00:34:22,577
>> NO.
1248
00:34:22,577 --> 00:34:23,337
>> YOU WOULDN'T?
1249
00:34:23,337 --> 00:34:24,407
>> NO.
1250
00:34:24,407 --> 00:34:25,994
>> WHAT THE CRITICS OF THE
1251
00:34:25,994 --> 00:34:28,997
FAST-FOOD RESTAURANTS MISS, AS
1252
00:34:28,997 --> 00:34:30,275
USUAL, IS THE ELEMENT OF
1253
00:34:30,275 --> 00:34:31,793
CONSUMER DEMAND AND CONSUMER
1254
00:34:31,793 --> 00:34:34,451
CHOICE, BECAUSE FROM McDONALD'S
1255
00:34:34,451 --> 00:34:37,972
PERSPECTIVE, THEY DON'T CARE IF
1256
00:34:37,972 --> 00:34:40,181
PEOPLE ARE EATING, YOU KNOW,
1257
00:34:40,181 --> 00:34:42,494
BACON DOUBLE CHEESEBURGERS OR
1258
00:34:42,494 --> 00:34:45,013
SALADS.
1259
00:34:45,013 --> 00:34:45,911
THEY WILL GIVE PEOPLE WHAT
1260
00:34:45,911 --> 00:34:46,981
PEOPLE WANT.
1261
00:34:46,981 --> 00:34:47,913
>> THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF
1262
00:34:47,913 --> 00:34:49,052
AGRICULTURE HAS ESTIMATED THAT
1263
00:34:49,052 --> 00:34:49,984
IN ORDER TO GET PEOPLE TO
1264
00:34:49,984 --> 00:34:51,365
CONSUME MORE LEAFY GREEN
1265
00:34:51,365 --> 00:34:53,056
VEGETABLES, WE WOULD BASICALLY
1266
00:34:53,056 --> 00:34:54,782
HAVE TO PAY PEOPLE TO EAT THEM.
1267
00:34:54,782 --> 00:34:56,439
>> IF McDONALD'S SOLD CARROTS,
1268
00:34:56,439 --> 00:34:58,165
WOULD YOU STOP EATING FRIES AND
1269
00:34:58,165 --> 00:34:59,166
EAT THE CARROTS?
1270
00:34:59,166 --> 00:35:00,167
>> NO.
1271
00:35:00,167 --> 00:35:01,444
>> I'M NOT A BIG FAN OF CARROTS.
1272
00:35:01,444 --> 00:35:02,652
>> SO YOU WOULDN'T ORDER THEM?
1273
00:35:02,652 --> 00:35:03,031
>> NO.
1274
00:35:03,031 --> 00:35:04,102
>> NO, 'CAUSE I DON'T LIKE
1275
00:35:04,102 --> 00:35:04,516
CARROTS.
1276
00:35:04,516 --> 00:35:05,206
I HATE CARROTS.
1277
00:35:05,206 --> 00:35:06,104
>> I ACTUALLY JUST HAD
1278
00:35:06,104 --> 00:35:07,243
VEGETABLES IN MY BLOODY MARY,
1279
00:35:07,243 --> 00:35:08,554
THOUGH, SO MAYBE THAT COUNTS.
1280
00:35:08,554 --> 00:35:09,693
>> YEAH, YOU DON'T GO TO
1281
00:35:09,693 --> 00:35:10,798
McDONALD'S FOR CARROTS.
1282
00:35:10,798 --> 00:35:12,213
YOU GO TO McDONALD'S FOR FRIES.
1283
00:35:12,213 --> 00:35:13,421
>> I DON'T GO TO McDONALD'S FOR
1284
00:35:13,421 --> 00:35:14,042
THE BROCCOLI.
1285
00:35:14,042 --> 00:35:15,182
>> YOU DON'T GO TO McDONALD'S
1286
00:35:15,182 --> 00:35:15,941
FOR THE BROCCOLI?
1287
00:35:15,941 --> 00:35:17,770
>> YOU GO TO McDONALD'S FOR THE
1288
00:35:17,770 --> 00:35:19,255
HAMBURGERS AND THE FRIES.
1289
00:35:19,255 --> 00:35:20,635
>> IF McDONALD'S SOLD BROCCOLI
1290
00:35:20,635 --> 00:35:21,947
IN, LIKE, A NICE, LITTLE RED
1291
00:35:21,947 --> 00:35:23,362
PACKAGE LIKE THIS, WOULD YOU GO
1292
00:35:23,362 --> 00:35:24,467
IN AND SAY, "I WANT THE
1293
00:35:24,467 --> 00:35:25,606
McBROCCOLI"?
1294
00:35:25,606 --> 00:35:26,469
[ BOTH LAUGH ]
1295
00:35:26,469 --> 00:35:28,126
>> MAYBE IF THEY FRIED IT OR PUT
1296
00:35:28,126 --> 00:35:28,988
CHEESE ON IT.
1297
00:35:28,988 --> 00:35:30,783
>> I'M WITH YOU ON THE CHEESE
1298
00:35:30,783 --> 00:35:31,301
PART.
1299
00:35:31,301 --> 00:35:31,957
YEP.
1300
00:35:31,957 --> 00:35:33,890
WE JUST KEEP ON EATING THE FOODS
1301
00:35:33,890 --> 00:35:35,305
THE EVANGELISTS SAY WE
1302
00:35:35,305 --> 00:35:36,134
SHOULDN'T.
1303
00:35:36,134 --> 00:35:38,032
AND THEY HAVE A PLAN TO FIX IT.
1304
00:35:38,032 --> 00:35:39,620
[ GUNFIRE ]
1305
00:35:39,620 --> 00:35:41,656
[ SIRENS WAILING ]
1306
00:35:41,656 --> 00:35:43,624
IT WAS JUST AN AVERAGE, PEACEFUL
1307
00:35:43,624 --> 00:35:45,419
DAY IN WASHINGTON, D.C., WHEN
1308
00:35:45,419 --> 00:35:47,731
SUDDENLY, A CRISIS EMERGED.
1309
00:35:47,731 --> 00:35:48,801
>> HELP! HELP!
1310
00:35:48,801 --> 00:35:51,873
SOMEBODY, HELP!
1311
00:35:51,873 --> 00:35:54,013
[ ZIP! ]
1312
00:35:54,013 --> 00:35:54,980
>> WHAT SEEMS TO BE THE PROBLEM,
1313
00:35:54,980 --> 00:35:55,636
MA'AM?
1314
00:35:55,636 --> 00:35:57,085
>> THERE'S AN INNOCENT MAN OVER
1315
00:35:57,085 --> 00:35:58,742
THERE IN MORTAL DANGER.
1316
00:35:58,742 --> 00:36:00,158
>> YOU DON'T MEAN --
1317
00:36:00,158 --> 00:36:01,020
>> YES!
1318
00:36:01,020 --> 00:36:02,263
HE'S ORDERING A DOUBLE
1319
00:36:02,263 --> 00:36:05,473
CHEESEBURGER!
1320
00:36:05,473 --> 00:36:06,612
>> GADZOOKS!
1321
00:36:06,612 --> 00:36:08,994
THIS IS A JOB FOR THE GUY FROM
1322
00:36:08,994 --> 00:36:11,065
CSPI.
1323
00:36:11,065 --> 00:36:13,067
>> YES, THESE ARE THE ADVENTURES
1324
00:36:13,067 --> 00:36:16,898
OF THE GUY FROM CSPI, A TIRELESS
1325
00:36:16,898 --> 00:36:18,624
PROMOTER OF JUNK SCIENCE AND
1326
00:36:18,624 --> 00:36:20,316
DEDICATED TO LAWSUITS, PRESS
1327
00:36:20,316 --> 00:36:22,180
CONFERENCES, AND THE VEGETARIAN
1328
00:36:22,180 --> 00:36:25,666
WAY.
1329
00:36:25,666 --> 00:36:27,978
[ ZIP! ]
1330
00:36:27,978 --> 00:36:29,152
>> AND WOULD YOU LIKE FRIES WITH
1331
00:36:29,152 --> 00:36:29,428
THAT?
1332
00:36:29,428 --> 00:36:31,050
>> YEAH, LET ME HAVE A LARGE --
1333
00:36:31,050 --> 00:36:31,706
>> STOP!
1334
00:36:31,706 --> 00:36:33,536
STOP TEMPTING THIS INNOCENT MAN
1335
00:36:33,536 --> 00:36:34,916
WITH YOUR FATTY FOODS.
1336
00:36:34,916 --> 00:36:35,917
>> WHO ARE YOU?
1337
00:36:35,917 --> 00:36:38,403
>> I'M THE GUY FROM CSPI, AND
1338
00:36:38,403 --> 00:36:40,336
I'M HERE TO SAVE YOU.
1339
00:36:40,336 --> 00:36:41,923
>> UH, LOOK, I'M NOT REALLY INTO
1340
00:36:41,923 --> 00:36:43,062
THE WHOLE JESUS THING, SEE --
1341
00:36:43,062 --> 00:36:43,960
>> NO, NO, NO.
1342
00:36:43,960 --> 00:36:45,686
YOU'RE CHOOSING BAD FOOD BECAUSE
1343
00:36:45,686 --> 00:36:47,205
IT'S CHEAP, SO I'M GOING TO
1344
00:36:47,205 --> 00:36:48,896
DOUBLE THE PRICE ON THAT DOUBLE
1345
00:36:48,896 --> 00:36:49,793
CHEESEBURGER.
1346
00:36:49,793 --> 00:36:50,794
>> BUT I DON'T WANT TO CHARGE
1347
00:36:50,794 --> 00:36:51,692
HIM DOUBLE FOR THE DOUBLE.
1348
00:36:51,692 --> 00:36:52,589
>> AND I DON'T WANT TO PAY
1349
00:36:52,589 --> 00:36:53,383
DOUBLE FOR THE DOUBLE.
1350
00:36:53,383 --> 00:36:55,213
>> THAT'S BECAUSE YOU'RE EVIL,
1351
00:36:55,213 --> 00:36:57,249
AND YOU'RE STUPID.
1352
00:36:57,249 --> 00:36:58,871
>> USING HIS TWIN POWERS OF
1353
00:36:58,871 --> 00:37:01,529
TAXATION AND REGULATION, CSPI
1354
00:37:01,529 --> 00:37:03,221
GUY QUICKLY DOUBLED THE PRICES
1355
00:37:03,221 --> 00:37:04,912
ON BURGERS, FRIES, AND DESSERTS,
1356
00:37:04,912 --> 00:37:06,569
AND FORCED THE EVIL RESTAURANT
1357
00:37:06,569 --> 00:37:08,260
TO OFFER THE CUSTOMER A VARIETY
1358
00:37:08,260 --> 00:37:09,986
OF MUNCHY, DELICIOUS VEGETABLES
1359
00:37:09,986 --> 00:37:12,333
AT A CHEAP AND SUBSIDIZED PRICE.
1360
00:37:12,333 --> 00:37:13,852
>> THERE. THAT OUGHT TO DO IT.
1361
00:37:13,852 --> 00:37:15,371
IT IS NOW SAFE TO ORDER LUNCH.
1362
00:37:15,371 --> 00:37:16,889
>> BUT I ONLY HAVE THREE BUCKS
1363
00:37:16,889 --> 00:37:17,373
ON ME.
1364
00:37:17,373 --> 00:37:18,581
>> YOU CAN GET THE TOFU
1365
00:37:18,581 --> 00:37:20,272
BROCCOLI SALAD FOR $2.75.
1366
00:37:20,272 --> 00:37:22,067
>> A DELICIOUS AND HEALTHY
1367
00:37:22,067 --> 00:37:23,033
CHOICE, SIR.
1368
00:37:23,033 --> 00:37:24,172
>> YEAH. RIGHT.
1369
00:37:24,172 --> 00:37:25,381
THANKS, CSPI GUY.
1370
00:37:25,381 --> 00:37:26,692
FREAKIN' JACKASS.
1371
00:37:26,692 --> 00:37:29,971
>> CSPI GUY, YOU'RE MY HERO.
1372
00:37:29,971 --> 00:37:31,214
>> THANK YOU, MA'AM.
1373
00:37:31,214 --> 00:37:33,043
BUT IT'S ALL IN A DAY'S WORK FOR
1374
00:37:33,043 --> 00:37:36,599
BUT IT'S ALL IN A DAY'S WORK FOR
THE GUY FROM CSPI.
1375
00:37:36,599 --> 00:37:42,639
THE GUY FROM CSPI.
1376
00:37:42,639 --> 00:37:44,400
>> AND SINCE WE CAN'T BE TRUSTED
1377
00:37:44,400 --> 00:37:46,229
TO MAKE DECISIONS FOR OURSELVES,
1378
00:37:46,229 --> 00:37:47,989
WE CERTAINLY CAN'T BE TRUSTED TO
1379
00:37:47,989 --> 00:37:49,715
MAKE DECISIONS FOR OUR KIDS, SO
1380
00:37:49,715 --> 00:37:51,407
THE EVANGELISTS WANT TO GET RID
1381
00:37:51,407 --> 00:37:52,718
OF THAT WHOLE ANNOYING
1382
00:37:52,718 --> 00:37:54,341
FREEDOM-OF-SPEECH CONCEPT AND
1383
00:37:54,341 --> 00:37:56,101
PUT A STOP TO MARKETING EFFORTS
1384
00:37:56,101 --> 00:37:57,861
THAT ARE DIRECTED AT CHILDREN.
1385
00:37:57,861 --> 00:37:59,587
>> IF DOOR-TO-DOOR SALESMAN WERE
1386
00:37:59,587 --> 00:38:01,900
GOING AROUND, RINGING THE BELL,
1387
00:38:01,900 --> 00:38:03,557
AND THE DOOR IS ANSWERED BY A
1388
00:38:03,557 --> 00:38:05,144
4- OR 5-YEAR-OLD, AND
1389
00:38:05,144 --> 00:38:07,354
THEY'RE SELLING THEM ICE CREAM
1390
00:38:07,354 --> 00:38:08,424
AND CANDY AND COOKIES, THERE
1391
00:38:08,424 --> 00:38:09,597
WOULD BE A LEGITIMATE COMPLAINT
1392
00:38:09,597 --> 00:38:10,702
THERE, BUT THAT'S NOT WHAT'S
1393
00:38:10,702 --> 00:38:11,703
GOING ON, AND WE SHOULDN'T
1394
00:38:11,703 --> 00:38:14,257
PRETEND THAT'S WHAT'S GOING ON.
1395
00:38:14,257 --> 00:38:16,777
THERE IS THIS INTERVENING FORCE
1396
00:38:16,777 --> 00:38:18,019
KNOWN AS PARENTS.
1397
00:38:18,019 --> 00:38:21,540
>> BUT THE GUY FROM CSPI SAYS
1398
00:38:21,540 --> 00:38:23,646
KIDS SEE SO MANY ADVERTISEMENTS
1399
00:38:23,646 --> 00:38:25,475
FOR JUNK FOODS, PARENTS ARE
1400
00:38:25,475 --> 00:38:26,959
POWERLESS TO SAY NO.
1401
00:38:26,959 --> 00:38:28,858
CAN THAT BE TRUE, OR IS THAT
1402
00:38:28,858 --> 00:38:30,480
ALSO A LOAD OF BALONEY?
1403
00:38:30,480 --> 00:38:32,102
TO FIND OUT, I CONSULTED WITH A
1404
00:38:32,102 --> 00:38:33,621
LEADING EXPERT IN THE FIELD OF
1405
00:38:33,621 --> 00:38:35,174
CHILD-REARING.
1406
00:38:35,174 --> 00:38:37,867
SO, WHEN I WAS, SAY, 13, 14,
1407
00:38:37,867 --> 00:38:39,903
HOW OFTEN DID I WANT TO EAT AT
1408
00:38:39,903 --> 00:38:42,043
McDONALD'S?
1409
00:38:42,043 --> 00:38:43,251
>> WELL, YOU PROBABLY WANTED TO
1410
00:38:43,251 --> 00:38:44,736
EAT IT EVERY NIGHT IF YOU HAD A
1411
00:38:44,736 --> 00:38:45,253
CHANCE.
1412
00:38:45,253 --> 00:38:46,669
>> HOW OFTEN DID YOU ACTUALLY
1413
00:38:46,669 --> 00:38:47,911
LET US EAT AT McDONALD'S?
1414
00:38:47,911 --> 00:38:49,775
>> OH, PROBABLY MAYBE ONCE A
1415
00:38:49,775 --> 00:38:52,226
WEEK I'D LET YOU SPLURGE.
1416
00:38:52,226 --> 00:38:53,952
>> SO, LET ME GET THIS STRAIGHT.
1417
00:38:53,952 --> 00:38:55,574
I WOULD HAVE EATEN THERE EVERY
1418
00:38:55,574 --> 00:38:56,195
NIGHT.
1419
00:38:56,195 --> 00:38:56,851
>> RIGHT.
1420
00:38:56,851 --> 00:38:58,508
>> YOU ONLY LET ME EAT THERE
1421
00:38:58,508 --> 00:38:59,578
MAYBE ONCE A WEEK.
1422
00:38:59,578 --> 00:39:00,268
>> RIGHT.
1423
00:39:00,268 --> 00:39:01,718
>> WHAT IF I HAD HELD MY BREATH
1424
00:39:01,718 --> 00:39:02,754
UNTIL I TURNED BLUE?
1425
00:39:02,754 --> 00:39:04,100
>> WELL, YOU PROBABLY WOULD
1426
00:39:04,100 --> 00:39:06,792
HAVE PASSED OUT.
1427
00:39:06,792 --> 00:39:10,589
>> THIS IS 1,450 CALORIES OF
1428
00:39:10,589 --> 00:39:13,765
BEEF, BACON, BUN, AND CHEESE.
1429
00:39:13,765 --> 00:39:15,318
HARDEE'S CALLS IT THE MONSTER
1430
00:39:15,318 --> 00:39:16,077
THICKBURGER.
1431
00:39:16,077 --> 00:39:17,665
THEIR SISTER COMPANY CARL'S JR.
1432
00:39:17,665 --> 00:39:19,253
CALLS IT THE DOUBLE SIX DOLLAR
1433
00:39:19,253 --> 00:39:20,288
BURGER.
1434
00:39:20,288 --> 00:39:21,911
THE CENTER FOR SCIENCE IN THE
1435
00:39:21,911 --> 00:39:23,464
PUBLIC INTEREST CALLS IT...
1436
00:39:23,464 --> 00:39:25,086
>> THE HEART ATTACK IN A BUN.
1437
00:39:25,086 --> 00:39:26,709
>> AFTER I EAT THIS, MY CALORIE
1438
00:39:26,709 --> 00:39:28,366
COUNT FOR THE DAY WILL STILL BE
1439
00:39:28,366 --> 00:39:30,471
ABOUT 2,200.
1440
00:39:30,471 --> 00:39:32,300
IF I DIE AFTER I EAT IT, I'LL
1441
00:39:32,300 --> 00:39:34,268
HAVE MY WIFE CONTRIBUTE, I DON'T
1442
00:39:34,268 --> 00:39:37,271
HAVE MY WIFE CONTRIBUTE, I DON'T
KNOW, SIX BUCKS TO CSPI.
1443
00:39:37,271 --> 00:39:40,550
KNOW, SIX BUCKS TO CSPI.
1444
00:39:40,550 --> 00:39:43,588
IT'S ABOUT 1:15 IN THE MORNING,
1445
00:39:43,588 --> 00:39:46,660
AND I'M AWAKE 'CAUSE I, UH -- I,
1446
00:39:46,660 --> 00:39:48,938
UH -- I FEEL GREAT.
1447
00:39:48,938 --> 00:39:50,802
REALLY, I FEEL GREAT.
1448
00:39:50,802 --> 00:39:51,837
YOU KNOW, IF I THOUGHT I WAS
1449
00:39:51,837 --> 00:39:52,735
HAVING A HEART ATTACK OR
1450
00:39:52,735 --> 00:39:53,839
SOMETHING, I PROBABLY WOULDN'T
1451
00:39:53,839 --> 00:39:56,532
BOTHER SETTING UP A CAMERA.
1452
00:39:56,532 --> 00:39:58,499
"HONEY, I HAVE CHEST PAINS.
1453
00:39:58,499 --> 00:40:00,190
QUICK, GET A TRIPOD."
1454
00:40:00,190 --> 00:40:01,675
"I THINK I'M DYING.
1455
00:40:01,675 --> 00:40:03,090
I-IS THERE ENOUGH LIGHT IN HERE
1456
00:40:03,090 --> 00:40:03,746
TO SHOOT?"
1457
00:40:03,746 --> 00:40:06,749
"OH, GOD, I CAN BARELY BREATHE.
1458
00:40:06,749 --> 00:40:09,648
"OH, GOD, I CAN BARELY BREATHE.
SWITCH THE MIC TO MINUS-10 dB."
1459
00:40:09,648 --> 00:40:24,801
SWITCH THE MIC TO MINUS-10 dB."
1460
00:40:24,801 --> 00:40:26,527
IN 2004, THE CENTERS FOR
1461
00:40:26,527 --> 00:40:28,218
DISEASE CONTROL RELEASED A
1462
00:40:28,218 --> 00:40:30,048
PowerPoint PRESENTATION THAT
1463
00:40:30,048 --> 00:40:31,705
SHOWED OBESITY GROWING AND
1464
00:40:31,705 --> 00:40:33,431
SPREADING LIKE A CONTAGIOUS
1465
00:40:33,431 --> 00:40:34,155
DISEASE.
1466
00:40:34,155 --> 00:40:35,502
THE MEDIA ATE IT UP.
1467
00:40:35,502 --> 00:40:37,020
SPURLOCK FEATURED IT IN
1468
00:40:37,020 --> 00:40:38,332
"SUPER SIZE ME."
1469
00:40:38,332 --> 00:40:39,229
>> AND AT THE TIME, THERE WERE
1470
00:40:39,229 --> 00:40:40,507
HEADLINES TRUMPETING EVERYWHERE
1471
00:40:40,507 --> 00:40:41,577
THAT OBESITY WAS SOON TO
1472
00:40:41,577 --> 00:40:42,612
OVERTAKE SMOKING AS THE
1473
00:40:42,612 --> 00:40:43,924
NUMBER-ONE CAUSE OF PREVENTABLE
1474
00:40:43,924 --> 00:40:45,443
DEATH IN THIS COUNTRY.
1475
00:40:45,443 --> 00:40:46,444
THE HEAD OF THE CDC,
1476
00:40:46,444 --> 00:40:47,755
JULIE GERBERDING, WENT BEFORE
1477
00:40:47,755 --> 00:40:48,894
CONGRESS AND ISSUED BIG
1478
00:40:48,894 --> 00:40:49,861
WARNINGS.
1479
00:40:49,861 --> 00:40:51,449
AND THERE WAS A BIG UPROAR OVER
1480
00:40:51,449 --> 00:40:53,036
THE NUMBER OF DEATHS THAT WOULD
1481
00:40:53,036 --> 00:40:53,520
OCCUR.
1482
00:40:53,520 --> 00:40:55,038
BASICALLY, WHAT THEY DID WAS
1483
00:40:55,038 --> 00:40:56,488
DIVIDE THEIR SURVEY SAMPLES
1484
00:40:56,488 --> 00:40:58,076
BETWEEN PEOPLE WHO WERE OBESE
1485
00:40:58,076 --> 00:40:59,595
AND PEOPLE WHO WERE NOT OBESE,
1486
00:40:59,595 --> 00:41:01,148
AND THEN BASICALLY LOOKED AT
1487
00:41:01,148 --> 00:41:02,045
RATES OF DEATH.
1488
00:41:02,045 --> 00:41:03,633
NOW, IF YOU ARE OBESE, AND YOU
1489
00:41:03,633 --> 00:41:05,117
DIED FROM A SNAKEBITE, THEY
1490
00:41:05,117 --> 00:41:06,498
WOULD SAY THAT IT WAS YOUR
1491
00:41:06,498 --> 00:41:08,086
OBESITY THAT WAS CAUSING YOUR
1492
00:41:08,086 --> 00:41:09,467
DEATH, NOT THE SNAKEBITE.
1493
00:41:09,467 --> 00:41:11,020
AND THIS WAS PART OF A LITTLE
1494
00:41:11,020 --> 00:41:12,677
STATISTICAL HANKY-PANKY ON THEIR
1495
00:41:12,677 --> 00:41:13,160
PART.
1496
00:41:13,160 --> 00:41:14,472
>> IN OTHER NEWS TODAY, THE
1497
00:41:14,472 --> 00:41:15,990
CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL SAID
1498
00:41:15,990 --> 00:41:17,302
IT MADE A MISTAKE ABOUT THE
1499
00:41:17,302 --> 00:41:18,786
SCOPE OF THE OBESITY EPIDEMIC IN
1500
00:41:18,786 --> 00:41:19,477
THE COUNTRY.
1501
00:41:19,477 --> 00:41:21,030
>> ROUGHLY A YEAR LATER, ANOTHER
1502
00:41:21,030 --> 00:41:22,514
SET OF RESEARCHERS FROM THE CDC
1503
00:41:22,514 --> 00:41:23,998
OFFERED A MUCH, MUCH LOWER SET
1504
00:41:23,998 --> 00:41:24,723
OF ESTIMATES.
1505
00:41:24,723 --> 00:41:26,276
ACCORDING TO THEIR ESTIMATES, IT
1506
00:41:26,276 --> 00:41:27,795
WAS ROUGHLY 25,000 PEOPLE A YEAR
1507
00:41:27,795 --> 00:41:29,383
WHO WERE DYING FROM WEIGHING TOO
1508
00:41:29,383 --> 00:41:29,763
MUCH.
1509
00:41:29,763 --> 00:41:31,109
>> RESEARCHERS SAY THAT
1510
00:41:31,109 --> 00:41:32,835
MATHEMATICAL ERRORS EXAGGERATED
1511
00:41:32,835 --> 00:41:33,801
THE DEATH TOLL.
1512
00:41:33,801 --> 00:41:35,493
>> WHY DID THE CDC INFLATE THE
1513
00:41:35,493 --> 00:41:37,184
NUMBERS OF DEATHS ATTRIBUTABLE
1514
00:41:37,184 --> 00:41:37,943
TO OBESITY?
1515
00:41:37,943 --> 00:41:39,393
>> FOLLOW THE MONEY.
1516
00:41:39,393 --> 00:41:40,290
>> I THINK IT'S ALL ABOUT
1517
00:41:40,290 --> 00:41:41,153
FUNDING AND BUREAUCRATIC
1518
00:41:41,153 --> 00:41:41,533
MISSION.
1519
00:41:41,533 --> 00:41:42,983
WHEN I TALKED TO A FEW CDC
1520
00:41:42,983 --> 00:41:44,605
OFFICIALS, THEY WERE CONSTANTLY
1521
00:41:44,605 --> 00:41:45,951
PREOCCUPIED ABOUT HOW MUCH MONEY
1522
00:41:45,951 --> 00:41:47,194
THE GOVERNMENT OR CONGRESS IS
1523
00:41:47,194 --> 00:41:48,367
GONNA ALLOT FOR THEM FOR THE
1524
00:41:48,367 --> 00:41:49,334
NEXT YEAR, AND THEY'RE
1525
00:41:49,334 --> 00:41:50,231
CONSTANTLY WORRIED ABOUT GETTING
1526
00:41:50,231 --> 00:41:51,301
THEIR FUNDING CUT.
1527
00:41:51,301 --> 00:41:52,544
>> FOLLOW THE MONEY.
1528
00:41:52,544 --> 00:41:53,441
>> ALL OF THIS MIGHT HAVE GONE
1529
00:41:53,441 --> 00:41:54,822
UNNOTICED EXCEPT FOR THE
1530
00:41:54,822 --> 00:41:56,410
ANTI-TOBACCO PEOPLE, WHO SEE
1531
00:41:56,410 --> 00:41:58,170
THIS AS A ZERO-SUM GAME, SO THEY
1532
00:41:58,170 --> 00:41:59,793
SEE THAT IF OBESITY BECOMES A
1533
00:41:59,793 --> 00:42:01,415
BIG PUBLIC-HEALTH ISSUE, IT'S
1534
00:42:01,415 --> 00:42:02,865
GONNA CROWD OUT FUNDING TO
1535
00:42:02,865 --> 00:42:04,383
TACKLE SMOKING AS A
1536
00:42:04,383 --> 00:42:05,212
PUBLIC-HEALTH ISSUE.
1537
00:42:05,212 --> 00:42:06,800
SO THEY WERE AMONG THE FIRST
1538
00:42:06,800 --> 00:42:08,526
PEOPLE TO POINT OUT A LOT OF THE
1539
00:42:08,526 --> 00:42:10,217
METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE
1540
00:42:10,217 --> 00:42:11,839
ESTIMATES RELATING OBESITY TO
1541
00:42:11,839 --> 00:42:12,909
PUBLIC-HEALTH OUTCOMES.
1542
00:42:12,909 --> 00:42:13,703
>> SO THE QUESTION IS WHAT
1543
00:42:13,703 --> 00:42:16,568
HAPPENS ONCE YOU'VE ELIMINATED
1544
00:42:16,568 --> 00:42:18,743
MOST OF THE TRUE EPIDEMICS?
1545
00:42:18,743 --> 00:42:20,089
YOU START TO COME UP WITH
1546
00:42:20,089 --> 00:42:21,435
METAPHORICAL EPIDEMICS --
1547
00:42:21,435 --> 00:42:23,023
EPIDEMICS OF SMOKING, EPIDEMICS
1548
00:42:23,023 --> 00:42:23,713
OF OBESITY.
1549
00:42:23,713 --> 00:42:25,094
>> AND IT WOULD BE A-OKAY IF
1550
00:42:25,094 --> 00:42:26,267
THERE WEREN'T SECONDHAND
1551
00:42:26,267 --> 00:42:26,785
OBESITY.
1552
00:42:26,785 --> 00:42:27,855
SECONDHAND OBESITY --
1553
00:42:27,855 --> 00:42:29,616
>> SECONDHAND OBESITY?
1554
00:42:29,616 --> 00:42:31,031
>> RULE NUMBER ONE WHEN YOU'RE
1555
00:42:31,031 --> 00:42:33,067
COMPETING FOR TAXPAYER MONEY IS
1556
00:42:33,067 --> 00:42:35,138
TO WILDLY EXAGGERATE THE SIZE OF
1557
00:42:35,138 --> 00:42:36,070
THE PROBLEM.
1558
00:42:36,070 --> 00:42:37,209
AT A RECENT MEETING OF
1559
00:42:37,209 --> 00:42:38,728
GOVERNMENT HEALTH OFFICIALS FROM
1560
00:42:38,728 --> 00:42:40,178
AROUND THE WORLD, THEY CALLED
1561
00:42:40,178 --> 00:42:42,111
OBESITY A PANDEMIC THAT WILL
1562
00:42:42,111 --> 00:42:43,595
OVERWHELM THE WORLD'S
1563
00:42:43,595 --> 00:42:45,079
HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS.
1564
00:42:45,079 --> 00:42:46,771
APPARENTLY, FAT PEOPLE ARE
1565
00:42:46,771 --> 00:42:48,773
STAMPEDING THE WORLD'S EMERGENCY
1566
00:42:48,773 --> 00:42:51,569
ROOMS, CHOKING ON THEIR OWN FAT.
1567
00:42:51,569 --> 00:42:53,674
OR MAYBE NOT.
1568
00:42:53,674 --> 00:42:55,918
SO, HOW FAT ARE WE, ANYWAY?
1569
00:42:55,918 --> 00:42:57,885
I KEEP HEARING THESE STATISTICS
1570
00:42:57,885 --> 00:42:59,611
LIKE TWO-THIRDS OF AMERICAN
1571
00:42:59,611 --> 00:43:01,475
ADULTS ARE OVERWEIGHT AND 25%
1572
00:43:01,475 --> 00:43:02,269
ARE OBESE.
1573
00:43:02,269 --> 00:43:04,029
I DEFINITELY SEE A LOT MORE
1574
00:43:04,029 --> 00:43:06,031
PEOPLE WHO LOOK LIKE THIS THAN I
1575
00:43:06,031 --> 00:43:08,033
USED TO, BUT IT'S NOT EVEN CLOSE
1576
00:43:08,033 --> 00:43:09,794
TO 25%.
1577
00:43:09,794 --> 00:43:11,796
MOST OF THE PEOPLE I SEE LOOK
1578
00:43:11,796 --> 00:43:12,900
PRETTY NORMAL.
1579
00:43:12,900 --> 00:43:14,315
>> THE WAY THE HEALTH STATISTICS
1580
00:43:14,315 --> 00:43:15,593
ARE BANTERED ABOUT, YOU WOULD
1581
00:43:15,593 --> 00:43:16,939
THINK THAT MOST AMERICANS HAVE
1582
00:43:16,939 --> 00:43:18,285
GAINED ANYWHERE FROM 50 TO 100
1583
00:43:18,285 --> 00:43:18,734
POUNDS.
1584
00:43:18,734 --> 00:43:20,045
IN FACT, THAT'S NOT THE CASE.
1585
00:43:20,045 --> 00:43:21,426
MOST AMERICANS HAVE ONLY GAINED
1586
00:43:21,426 --> 00:43:22,530
BETWEEN 8 AND 10 POUNDS.
1587
00:43:22,530 --> 00:43:23,946
IT'S JUST THE STATISTICS AND THE
1588
00:43:23,946 --> 00:43:25,326
NUMBERS HAVE MADE THOSE NUMBERS
1589
00:43:25,326 --> 00:43:26,120
SEEM VERY LARGE.
1590
00:43:26,120 --> 00:43:27,743
>> 8 OR 10 POUNDS?
1591
00:43:27,743 --> 00:43:29,365
I GAINED THAT MUCH ON MY
1592
00:43:29,365 --> 00:43:30,159
HONEYMOON.
1593
00:43:30,159 --> 00:43:31,919
HOW DOES AN EXTRA 10 POUNDS
1594
00:43:31,919 --> 00:43:33,231
CREATE AN EPIDEMIC?
1595
00:43:33,231 --> 00:43:34,819
>> YOU HAVE TO GO BACK TO 1998,
1596
00:43:34,819 --> 00:43:36,510
WHERE THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF
1597
00:43:36,510 --> 00:43:37,960
HEALTH ISSUED A REPORT WHERE
1598
00:43:37,960 --> 00:43:39,720
THEY SAID THAT BMI, THE BODY
1599
00:43:39,720 --> 00:43:41,273
MASS INDEX, WOULD BE THE
1600
00:43:41,273 --> 00:43:42,965
STANDARD OF HOW WE EVALUATE
1601
00:43:42,965 --> 00:43:44,932
PEOPLE'S WEIGHT, AND THAT PEOPLE
1602
00:43:44,932 --> 00:43:46,796
WITH A BMI OF 25 OR MORE WOULD
1603
00:43:46,796 --> 00:43:48,591
BE CONSIDERED OVERWEIGHT AND
1604
00:43:48,591 --> 00:43:50,489
PEOPLE WITH A BMI OF 30 OR MORE
1605
00:43:50,489 --> 00:43:52,181
WOULD BE CONSIDERED OBESE.
1606
00:43:52,181 --> 00:43:53,631
THAT DECISION, OVERNIGHT,
1607
00:43:53,631 --> 00:43:55,218
SUDDENLY MEANT MILLIONS AND
1608
00:43:55,218 --> 00:43:56,219
MILLIONS OF AMERICANS WERE
1609
00:43:56,219 --> 00:43:57,151
CONSIDERED OVERWEIGHT --
1610
00:43:57,151 --> 00:43:58,221
FOR EXAMPLE, ME.
1611
00:43:58,221 --> 00:43:59,947
I'M 6 FEET TALL, 190 POUNDS,
1612
00:43:59,947 --> 00:44:02,778
AND I AM TECHNICALLY OVERWEIGHT.
1613
00:44:02,778 --> 00:44:03,295
>> YOU ARE?
1614
00:44:03,295 --> 00:44:04,780
>> I AM TECHNICALLY OVERWEIGHT.
1615
00:44:04,780 --> 00:44:05,988
>> COULD YOU STAND UP AND TURN
1616
00:44:05,988 --> 00:44:06,402
AROUND?
1617
00:44:06,402 --> 00:44:07,403
IS THAT TOO EMBARRASSING?
1618
00:44:07,403 --> 00:44:08,335
>> NO, NO, NO, NO, NO. SEE.
1619
00:44:08,335 --> 00:44:11,407
THIS IS MY WRINKLED SHIRT.
1620
00:44:11,407 --> 00:44:12,373
>> YOU'RE CONSIDERED OVERWEIGHT?
1621
00:44:12,373 --> 00:44:13,133
>> I'M CONSIDERED OVERWEIGHT BY
1622
00:44:13,133 --> 00:44:14,341
CONTEMPORARY STANDARDS.
1623
00:44:14,341 --> 00:44:15,722
I'M IN GOOD COMPANY.
1624
00:44:15,722 --> 00:44:19,070
GEORGE BUSH, MICHAEL JORDAN, ANY
1625
00:44:19,070 --> 00:44:20,278
NUMBER OF FIGURES WHO ARE
1626
00:44:20,278 --> 00:44:21,659
CONSIDERED TO BE VERY FIT ARE
1627
00:44:21,659 --> 00:44:23,212
ALSO CONSIDERED OVERWEIGHT.
1628
00:44:23,212 --> 00:44:25,248
>> BMI IS A RATIO OF YOUR HEIGHT
1629
00:44:25,248 --> 00:44:26,733
TO WEIGHT, PERIOD.
1630
00:44:26,733 --> 00:44:28,217
IF YOU'RE 6 FEET TALL AND
1631
00:44:28,217 --> 00:44:30,046
WEIGH 225, YOU HAVE A BMI OF
1632
00:44:30,046 --> 00:44:31,979
OVER 30, AND ACCORDING TO THE
1633
00:44:31,979 --> 00:44:33,671
GOVERNMENT, YOU'RE OBESE.
1634
00:44:33,671 --> 00:44:35,431
IT DOESN'T MATTER IF THE EXTRA
1635
00:44:35,431 --> 00:44:37,226
WEIGHT IS IN YOUR BELLY OR YOUR
1636
00:44:37,226 --> 00:44:37,813
BICEPS.
1637
00:44:37,813 --> 00:44:39,538
SO, IN SPITE OF ALL THE MEDIA
1638
00:44:39,538 --> 00:44:41,195
HYPE, WE DON'T HAVE A SUDDEN
1639
00:44:41,195 --> 00:44:42,887
EPIDEMIC OF OBESITY.
1640
00:44:42,887 --> 00:44:44,682
WE HAD A SUDDEN CHANGE IN THE
1641
00:44:44,682 --> 00:44:46,200
DEFINITION OF OBESITY.
1642
00:44:46,200 --> 00:44:48,168
BUT WHY WOULD OUR OWN GOVERNMENT
1643
00:44:48,168 --> 00:44:50,066
WANT TO TELL SO MANY OF US THAT
1644
00:44:50,066 --> 00:44:50,964
WE'RE OBESE?
1645
00:44:50,964 --> 00:44:52,344
FOLLOW THE MONEY.
1646
00:44:52,344 --> 00:44:53,725
>> NOW, MOST OF THESE PEOPLE,
1647
00:44:53,725 --> 00:44:54,726
INCLUDING THE CHAIR,
1648
00:44:54,726 --> 00:44:56,176
XAVIER PI-SUNYER, ARE HEAVILY
1649
00:44:56,176 --> 00:44:57,591
SUBSIDIZED BY THE WEIGHT-LOSS
1650
00:44:57,591 --> 00:44:58,143
INDUSTRY.
1651
00:44:58,143 --> 00:44:59,593
MOST OF THEM RECEIVE NUMEROUS
1652
00:44:59,593 --> 00:45:00,801
RESEARCH GRANTS, SERVE ON
1653
00:45:00,801 --> 00:45:02,216
VARIOUS BOARDS, HAVE RECEIVED
1654
00:45:02,216 --> 00:45:03,562
VARIOUS TYPES OF FUNDING OR
1655
00:45:03,562 --> 00:45:04,563
AWARDS FROM VARIOUS
1656
00:45:04,563 --> 00:45:05,737
PHARMACEUTICAL AND OTHER
1657
00:45:05,737 --> 00:45:06,980
WEIGHT-LOSS COMPANIES.
1658
00:45:06,980 --> 00:45:08,671
THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST BETWEEN
1659
00:45:08,671 --> 00:45:10,121
OBESITY RESEARCHERS AND THE
1660
00:45:10,121 --> 00:45:12,157
WEIGHT-LOSS INDUSTRY IS LARGE
1661
00:45:12,157 --> 00:45:13,400
AND PROBLEMATIC.
1662
00:45:13,400 --> 00:45:15,057
>> HERE ARE SOME NO-BALONEY
1663
00:45:15,057 --> 00:45:16,679
FACTS THAT THE CDC DOESN'T
1664
00:45:16,679 --> 00:45:17,335
MENTION.
1665
00:45:17,335 --> 00:45:19,647
IN 1970, THE MEDIAN AGE IN
1666
00:45:19,647 --> 00:45:21,097
AMERICA WAS 27.
1667
00:45:21,097 --> 00:45:23,168
TODAY, IT'S 36.
1668
00:45:23,168 --> 00:45:25,067
IS IT REALLY A BIG SHOCK THAT A
1669
00:45:25,067 --> 00:45:26,620
POPULATION THAT'S NEARLY
1670
00:45:26,620 --> 00:45:28,380
10 YEARS OLDER WOULD ALSO BE
1671
00:45:28,380 --> 00:45:29,588
10 POUNDS HEAVIER?
1672
00:45:29,588 --> 00:45:31,659
ALSO IN 1970, BLACKS AND
1673
00:45:31,659 --> 00:45:34,110
HISPANICS MADE UP ABOUT 15% OF
1674
00:45:34,110 --> 00:45:35,387
THE POPULATION.
1675
00:45:35,387 --> 00:45:37,631
TODAY THAT'S MORE THAN 25% AND
1676
00:45:37,631 --> 00:45:38,805
STILL GROWING.
1677
00:45:38,805 --> 00:45:39,909
WELL, GUESS WHAT.
1678
00:45:39,909 --> 00:45:41,669
BLACKS AND HISPANICS ARE MUCH
1679
00:45:41,669 --> 00:45:43,326
MORE LIKELY TO HAVE A BMI OF
1680
00:45:43,326 --> 00:45:43,982
OVER 30.
1681
00:45:43,982 --> 00:45:45,673
AND IT'S NOT BECAUSE THEY'RE
1682
00:45:45,673 --> 00:45:46,709
LAZY OR STUPID.
1683
00:45:46,709 --> 00:45:48,159
THEY'RE JUST GENETICALLY
1684
00:45:48,159 --> 00:45:49,919
PREDISPOSED TO BE THICKER THAN
1685
00:45:49,919 --> 00:45:50,851
WHITE PEOPLE.
1686
00:45:50,851 --> 00:45:52,266
THIS ISN'T AN EPIDEMIC,
1687
00:45:52,266 --> 00:45:53,751
IT'S A POPULATION SHIFT.
1688
00:45:53,751 --> 00:45:55,476
AND IT MAKES SOME PEOPLE VERY
1689
00:45:55,476 --> 00:45:56,443
UNCOMFORTABLE.
1690
00:45:56,443 --> 00:45:57,444
>> I THINK A LOT OF OUR
1691
00:45:57,444 --> 00:45:59,480
APPREHENSION ABOUT OBESITY IS
1692
00:45:59,480 --> 00:46:01,689
TIED UP WITH AN AVERSION TOWARDS
1693
00:46:01,689 --> 00:46:02,276
RACE.
1694
00:46:02,276 --> 00:46:03,933
WHITE PEOPLE SEE HIGHER
1695
00:46:03,933 --> 00:46:05,314
PERCENTAGES OF LATINOS OR
1696
00:46:05,314 --> 00:46:06,902
AFRICAN-AMERICANS BEING OBESE,
1697
00:46:06,902 --> 00:46:08,558
AND IT GETS TIED UP WITH A LOT
1698
00:46:08,558 --> 00:46:10,215
OF THESE ISSUES ABOUT INDIVIDUAL
1699
00:46:10,215 --> 00:46:11,699
SELF-CONTROL, AND WE END UP
1700
00:46:11,699 --> 00:46:13,391
FINDING THAT, FOR EXAMPLE, A LOT
1701
00:46:13,391 --> 00:46:15,013
OF THE SAME TYPES OF WORDS AND
1702
00:46:15,013 --> 00:46:16,566
DESCRIPTIONS THAT ARE USED TO
1703
00:46:16,566 --> 00:46:17,878
DENIGRATE MINORITIES AND
1704
00:46:17,878 --> 00:46:19,604
DENIGRATE THE POOR ARE ALSO USED
1705
00:46:19,604 --> 00:46:20,916
TO DENIGRATE FAT PEOPLE.
1706
00:46:20,916 --> 00:46:21,882
ONE OF THE MOST INTERESTING
1707
00:46:21,882 --> 00:46:22,952
THINGS I FOUND ON THIS WAS WHEN
1708
00:46:22,952 --> 00:46:24,712
I GO TO CONFERENCES OF OBESITY
1709
00:46:24,712 --> 00:46:25,575
RESEARCHERS.
1710
00:46:25,575 --> 00:46:27,232
EVERYONE IS A THIN WHITE PERSON.
1711
00:46:27,232 --> 00:46:28,268
>> IT'S NOT JUST A PERSONAL
1712
00:46:28,268 --> 00:46:28,682
CHOICE.
1713
00:46:28,682 --> 00:46:30,339
THE REST OF US PICK UP THE TAB.
1714
00:46:30,339 --> 00:46:31,858
THE NEXT GENERATION'S FAT.
1715
00:46:31,858 --> 00:46:34,308
WE SEE THAT OBESITY COMPROMISES
1716
00:46:34,308 --> 00:46:35,896
EDUCATIONAL POSSIBILITIES.
1717
00:46:35,896 --> 00:46:37,001
>> AND IT'S ALL OF THESE THIN
1718
00:46:37,001 --> 00:46:38,209
WHITE PEOPLE WHO ARE FRETTING SO
1719
00:46:38,209 --> 00:46:40,073
MUCH ABOUT THE WEIGHT OF, YOU
1720
00:46:40,073 --> 00:46:41,902
KNOW, BLACK AND BROWN PEOPLE.
1721
00:46:41,902 --> 00:46:43,248
>> TO BE PERFECTLY HONEST, I
1722
00:46:43,248 --> 00:46:44,802
WISH I COULD WEAR A SWIMSUIT IN
1723
00:46:44,802 --> 00:46:45,872
PUBLIC WITHOUT FEELING
1724
00:46:45,872 --> 00:46:47,218
EMBARRASSED, WHICH I HAVEN'T
1725
00:46:47,218 --> 00:46:49,841
DONE SINCE I WAS MAYBE 13, BUT
1726
00:46:49,841 --> 00:46:51,843
THAT'S NOT WHAT REALLY MATTERS.
1727
00:46:51,843 --> 00:46:53,811
MY FIRST DAUGHTER WAS BORN THE
1728
00:46:53,811 --> 00:46:55,329
SAME WEEK I TURNED 45.
1729
00:46:55,329 --> 00:46:57,331
I WAS 46 WHEN HER LITTLE SISTER
1730
00:46:57,331 --> 00:46:58,056
CAME ALONG.
1731
00:46:58,056 --> 00:46:59,575
I WANT TO LIVE LONG ENOUGH TO
1732
00:46:59,575 --> 00:47:01,025
SEE THEM GROW UP AND BECOME
1733
00:47:01,025 --> 00:47:02,647
WHOEVER THEY'RE SUPPOSED TO BE.
1734
00:47:02,647 --> 00:47:03,924
I WANT TO DANCE AT THEIR
1735
00:47:03,924 --> 00:47:04,580
WEDDINGS.
1736
00:47:04,580 --> 00:47:05,788
I WANT TO PLAY WITH MY
1737
00:47:05,788 --> 00:47:06,651
GRANDCHILDREN.
1738
00:47:06,651 --> 00:47:08,515
SO, IS THE EXTRA 20 POUNDS I'M
1739
00:47:08,515 --> 00:47:10,551
CARRYING AROUND GOING TO KILL ME
1740
00:47:10,551 --> 00:47:11,898
BEFORE MY TIME?
1741
00:47:11,898 --> 00:47:13,485
WELL, LET'S LOOK AT A COUPLE
1742
00:47:13,485 --> 00:47:15,349
MORE NO-BALONEY FACTS THE CDC
1743
00:47:15,349 --> 00:47:16,695
DOESN'T TALK ABOUT.
1744
00:47:16,695 --> 00:47:18,697
PEOPLE THE GOVERNMENT CLASSIFIES
1745
00:47:18,697 --> 00:47:20,492
AS OVERWEIGHT ACTUALLY HAVE
1746
00:47:20,492 --> 00:47:22,322
LONGER AVERAGE LIFE-SPANS THAN
1747
00:47:22,322 --> 00:47:24,048
PEOPLE CLASSIFIED AS NORMAL
1748
00:47:24,048 --> 00:47:24,703
WEIGHT.
1749
00:47:24,703 --> 00:47:26,498
AND MEN WHO ARE CLASSIFIED AS
1750
00:47:26,498 --> 00:47:28,362
OBESE BUT GET REGULAR EXERCISE
1751
00:47:28,362 --> 00:47:30,226
ARE ONLY HALF AS LIKELY TO DIE
1752
00:47:30,226 --> 00:47:31,952
PREMATURELY AS THIN MEN WHO
1753
00:47:31,952 --> 00:47:33,471
DON'T EXERCISE.
1754
00:47:33,471 --> 00:47:34,990
>> ONE OF THE BIG PROBLEMS OF
1755
00:47:34,990 --> 00:47:36,508
MAKING WEIGHT A BAROMETER OF
1756
00:47:36,508 --> 00:47:38,027
HEALTH AND FITNESS IS THAT IT
1757
00:47:38,027 --> 00:47:39,649
SIMPLY SAYS THAT IF SOMEONE IS
1758
00:47:39,649 --> 00:47:41,237
THIN, NO MATTER HOW FIT THEY
1759
00:47:41,237 --> 00:47:42,790
ARE, THEY'RE HEALTHIER THAN
1760
00:47:42,790 --> 00:47:44,378
SOMEBODY WHO IS FAT, WHEN IN
1761
00:47:44,378 --> 00:47:46,173
FACT, THE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE IS
1762
00:47:46,173 --> 00:47:47,865
OVERWHELMINGLY CONCLUSIVE THAT
1763
00:47:47,865 --> 00:47:49,832
PEOPLE WHO ARE FIT AND ACTIVE
1764
00:47:49,832 --> 00:47:51,696
ARE HEALTHIER NO MATTER WHAT
1765
00:47:51,696 --> 00:47:53,042
THEIR BODY SIZE IS.
1766
00:47:53,042 --> 00:47:53,491
>> OKAY.
1767
00:47:53,491 --> 00:47:54,733
YOU DIDN'T TELL ME THAT YOU WORK
1768
00:47:54,733 --> 00:47:55,873
OUT, BUT I'M FEELING LOTS OF
1769
00:47:55,873 --> 00:47:56,425
MUSCLE HERE.
1770
00:47:56,425 --> 00:47:58,013
AND WHAT DO YOU DO FOR PHYSICAL
1771
00:47:58,013 --> 00:47:58,876
ACTIVITY, TOM?
1772
00:47:58,876 --> 00:48:00,429
>> WALK.
1773
00:48:00,429 --> 00:48:02,810
>> DAILY?
1774
00:48:02,810 --> 00:48:04,226
>> THE HDL IS INCREDIBLE.
1775
00:48:04,226 --> 00:48:04,847
IT'S 61.
1776
00:48:04,847 --> 00:48:06,366
AND YOUR TRIGLYCERIDES WERE
1777
00:48:06,366 --> 00:48:06,884
GREAT.
1778
00:48:06,884 --> 00:48:09,852
THEY WERE 70.
1779
00:48:09,852 --> 00:48:11,302
>> THE PROBLEM WITH LINKING
1780
00:48:11,302 --> 00:48:13,028
OBESITY TO MOST DISEASES IS MUCH
1781
00:48:13,028 --> 00:48:14,546
LIKE SAYING THAT, "WELL, THE
1782
00:48:14,546 --> 00:48:16,238
REAL PROBLEM WITH LUNG CANCER IS
1783
00:48:16,238 --> 00:48:17,895
BAD BREATH OR SMELLY CLOTHES,"
1784
00:48:17,895 --> 00:48:19,241
RATHER THAN BLAMING CIGARETTES.
1785
00:48:19,241 --> 00:48:20,552
I.E., WE'RE BLAMING AN
1786
00:48:20,552 --> 00:48:22,209
ASSOCIATED SYMPTOM RATHER THAN
1787
00:48:22,209 --> 00:48:23,797
AN UNDERLYING CAUSE OF THESE
1788
00:48:23,797 --> 00:48:24,902
HEALTH CONDITIONS.
1789
00:48:24,902 --> 00:48:26,351
AND WHY ARE WE BLAMING THE
1790
00:48:26,351 --> 00:48:27,007
SYMPTOM?
1791
00:48:27,007 --> 00:48:28,215
>> FOLLOW THE MONEY.
1792
00:48:28,215 --> 00:48:29,458
>> WELL, IT'S VERY PROFITABLE
1793
00:48:29,458 --> 00:48:30,528
FOR CERTAIN GROUPS IN OUR
1794
00:48:30,528 --> 00:48:31,874
SOCIETY TO TREAT THESE SYMPTOMS.
1795
00:48:31,874 --> 00:48:34,325
>> AND THAT'S ALL OBESITY IS.
1796
00:48:34,325 --> 00:48:35,257
IT'S A SYMPTOM.
1797
00:48:35,257 --> 00:48:36,844
IF YOU HAVE CHRONICALLY HIGH
1798
00:48:36,844 --> 00:48:38,605
BLOOD SUGAR, THERE'S A VERY GOOD
1799
00:48:38,605 --> 00:48:40,227
CHANCE IT'LL MAKE YOU FAT, BUT
1800
00:48:40,227 --> 00:48:41,919
THERE ARE PLENTY OF THIN PEOPLE
1801
00:48:41,919 --> 00:48:43,644
WHO ALSO HAVE HIGH BLOOD SUGAR,
1802
00:48:43,644 --> 00:48:45,163
AND THERE ARE PLENTY OF FAT
1803
00:48:45,163 --> 00:48:46,095
PEOPLE LIKE ME.
1804
00:48:46,095 --> 00:48:47,062
I'M OVERWEIGHT.
1805
00:48:47,062 --> 00:48:48,787
IN FACT, I'M TECHNICALLY OBESE,
1806
00:48:48,787 --> 00:48:50,513
BUT I'M PERFECTLY HEALTHY, AND
1807
00:48:50,513 --> 00:48:51,825
MY BLOOD SUGAR IS NORMAL.
1808
00:48:51,825 --> 00:48:53,551
AND IF ANYTHING IS GOING TO KILL
1809
00:48:53,551 --> 00:48:55,311
YOU, IT'S HIGH BLOOD SUGAR.
1810
00:48:55,311 --> 00:48:56,002
>> YEAH, I THINK THE MOST
1811
00:48:56,002 --> 00:48:57,796
DIFFICULT GROUP OF PEOPLE TO
1812
00:48:57,796 --> 00:48:59,764
WORK WITH AS A PHYSICIAN ARE THE
1813
00:48:59,764 --> 00:49:01,593
PEOPLE WHO HAVE THE METABOLIC
1814
00:49:01,593 --> 00:49:03,561
PROBLEMS -- THEY HAVE HIGH BLOOD
1815
00:49:03,561 --> 00:49:05,218
PRESSURE, THEY HAVE TYPE-2
1816
00:49:05,218 --> 00:49:07,082
DIABETES -- AND YET THEY DON'T
1817
00:49:07,082 --> 00:49:08,946
GAIN WEIGHT, 'CAUSE IT'S VERY
1818
00:49:08,946 --> 00:49:10,775
DIFFICULT FOR A PHYSICIAN TO
1819
00:49:10,775 --> 00:49:12,777
MAKE THAT PERSON UNDERSTAND THAT
1820
00:49:12,777 --> 00:49:14,813
THEY HAVE TO CHANGE THE WAY THEY
1821
00:49:14,813 --> 00:49:15,918
EAT.
1822
00:49:15,918 --> 00:49:17,437
>> OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS,
1823
00:49:17,437 --> 00:49:18,956
MILLIONS OF AMERICANS HAVE
1824
00:49:18,956 --> 00:49:20,509
DEVELOPED A CONDITION THAT
1825
00:49:20,509 --> 00:49:22,338
DOCTORS CALL METABOLIC SYNDROME.
1826
00:49:22,338 --> 00:49:24,340
IT BEGINS WITH HIGH BLOOD SUGAR
1827
00:49:24,340 --> 00:49:26,377
AND CAN EVENTUALLY CAUSE INSULIN
1828
00:49:26,377 --> 00:49:28,448
RESISTANCE, TYPE-2 DIABETES, AND
1829
00:49:28,448 --> 00:49:29,759
HEART DISEASE.
1830
00:49:29,759 --> 00:49:32,038
AND THAT'STHE REAL EPIDEMIC.
1831
00:49:32,038 --> 00:49:33,453
SO, WHAT'S CAUSING IT?
1832
00:49:33,453 --> 00:49:35,317
WELL, A BIG PART OF THE PROBLEM
1833
00:49:35,317 --> 00:49:37,077
MIGHT JUST BE THE VERY ADVICE
1834
00:49:37,077 --> 00:49:38,837
THAT WAS SUPPOSED TO MAKE US
1835
00:49:38,837 --> 00:49:40,287
HEALTHY.
1836
00:49:40,287 --> 00:49:42,945
>> ♪ AND YOU ASK IF I'VE GOT THE
1837
00:49:42,945 --> 00:49:44,257
FAT ♪
1838
00:49:44,257 --> 00:49:46,776
♪ THAT JUST MIGHT HAVE A HEART
1839
00:49:46,776 --> 00:49:49,434
ATTACK ♪
1840
00:49:49,434 --> 00:49:50,988
>> NOW, IT'S PROBABLY NOT GOING
1841
00:49:50,988 --> 00:49:52,575
TO MAKE MY DOCTOR VERY HAPPY TO
1842
00:49:52,575 --> 00:49:54,163
HEAR THIS, BUT I RAN AN ANALYSIS
1843
00:49:54,163 --> 00:49:56,372
ON MY FAST-FOOD DIET SO FAR.
1844
00:49:56,372 --> 00:49:58,064
I'M ABOUT TWO WEEKS INTO IT, AND
1845
00:49:58,064 --> 00:50:00,652
I'M GETTING ABOUT 54% OF MY
1846
00:50:00,652 --> 00:50:03,517
CALORIES FROM FAT AND ABOUT 22%
1847
00:50:03,517 --> 00:50:05,071
OF MY CALORIES FROM SATURATED
1848
00:50:05,071 --> 00:50:05,519
FAT.
1849
00:50:05,519 --> 00:50:06,969
ACCORDING TO ALL THE USUAL
1850
00:50:06,969 --> 00:50:08,557
DIETARY ADVICE, THAT MEANS MY
1851
00:50:08,557 --> 00:50:10,283
CHOLESTEROL IS PROBABLY SHOOTING
1852
00:50:10,283 --> 00:50:10,662
UP.
1853
00:50:10,662 --> 00:50:12,354
I'M PUTTING MYSELF AT RISK FOR A
1854
00:50:12,354 --> 00:50:14,045
HEART ATTACK DOWN THE LINE IF I
1855
00:50:14,045 --> 00:50:15,012
KEEP DOING THIS.
1856
00:50:15,012 --> 00:50:16,910
>> THE USUAL ADVICE FOR AVOIDING
1857
00:50:16,910 --> 00:50:18,394
HEART DISEASE IS TO EAT A
1858
00:50:18,394 --> 00:50:20,017
LOW-FAT DIET WITH PLENTY OF
1859
00:50:20,017 --> 00:50:21,639
WHOLE GRAINS, AND SUBSTITUTE
1860
00:50:21,639 --> 00:50:23,296
VEGETABLE OILS FOR SATURATED
1861
00:50:23,296 --> 00:50:24,159
ANIMAL FATS.
1862
00:50:24,159 --> 00:50:26,299
BUT DOES THAT ADVICE REALLY FIT
1863
00:50:26,299 --> 00:50:27,714
WITH HUMAN BIOLOGY?
1864
00:50:27,714 --> 00:50:29,578
LET'S START WITH ONE SIMPLE
1865
00:50:29,578 --> 00:50:30,130
IDEA.
1866
00:50:30,130 --> 00:50:31,994
MOTHER NATURE ISN'T STUPID.
1867
00:50:31,994 --> 00:50:34,134
SHE DIDN'T MAKE HUMAN BEINGS THE
1868
00:50:34,134 --> 00:50:35,894
ONLY SPECIES ON EARTH WHO
1869
00:50:35,894 --> 00:50:37,793
PREFERS FOODS THAT WILL KILL
1870
00:50:37,793 --> 00:50:38,242
US.
1871
00:50:38,242 --> 00:50:39,967
SO, WHAT DO HUMAN BEINGS
1872
00:50:39,967 --> 00:50:41,659
NATURALLY LIKE TO EAT?
1873
00:50:41,659 --> 00:50:43,661
>> YOUR NATURAL PREFERENCE IS
1874
00:50:43,661 --> 00:50:45,490
FOR THINGS THAT ARE SALTY,
1875
00:50:45,490 --> 00:50:47,320
THINGS THAT ARE SWEET, AND
1876
00:50:47,320 --> 00:50:49,770
THINGS THAT ARE FATTY.
1877
00:50:49,770 --> 00:50:51,565
YOU HAVE THOSE THREE NATIVE
1878
00:50:51,565 --> 00:50:53,153
DESIRES FOR GOOD REASON.
1879
00:50:53,153 --> 00:50:54,568
THOSE ARE THE THINGS THAT ARE
1880
00:50:54,568 --> 00:50:55,293
GOOD FOR YOU.
1881
00:50:55,293 --> 00:50:56,777
THAT'S WHERE THE NUTRIENTS THAT
1882
00:50:56,777 --> 00:50:57,847
YOU NEED ARE LOCATED.
1883
00:50:57,847 --> 00:50:59,677
>> IN NATURE, SWEET MEANS FRUIT,
1884
00:50:59,677 --> 00:51:01,368
ALONG WITH CERTAIN VEGETABLES
1885
00:51:01,368 --> 00:51:02,266
LIKE CARROTS.
1886
00:51:02,266 --> 00:51:03,888
AND THOSE ARE GOOD FOR YOU.
1887
00:51:03,888 --> 00:51:05,579
FATS OCCUR NATURALLY IN FOODS
1888
00:51:05,579 --> 00:51:07,271
LIKE OLIVES AND NUTS, BUT FOR
1889
00:51:07,271 --> 00:51:08,824
MOST OF HUMAN HISTORY, THE
1890
00:51:08,824 --> 00:51:10,412
BIGGEST SOURCE OF FAT WAS
1891
00:51:10,412 --> 00:51:12,310
SATURATED ANIMAL FAT, WHICH IS
1892
00:51:12,310 --> 00:51:14,001
FATTY AND SALTY.
1893
00:51:14,001 --> 00:51:15,106
YUM, YUM.
1894
00:51:15,106 --> 00:51:17,108
AND FOR MILLIONS OF YEARS, THIS
1895
00:51:17,108 --> 00:51:18,627
IS EXACTLY HOW WE ATE.
1896
00:51:18,627 --> 00:51:20,318
WE ATE NO SUGAR, ALMOST NO
1897
00:51:20,318 --> 00:51:21,906
STARCH, A LITTLE BIT OF
1898
00:51:21,906 --> 00:51:23,839
VEGETABLE FAT, AND A WHOLE LOT
1899
00:51:23,839 --> 00:51:25,806
OF SATURATED ANIMAL FAT, UP TO
1900
00:51:25,806 --> 00:51:27,670
5 OR EVEN 10 TIMES AS MUCH AS
1901
00:51:27,670 --> 00:51:29,396
THE EXPERTS SAY WE SHOULD.
1902
00:51:29,396 --> 00:51:31,157
BUT ALMOST NOBODY GOT HEART
1903
00:51:31,157 --> 00:51:32,227
DISEASE.
1904
00:51:32,227 --> 00:51:33,400
>> IF YOU LOOK AT
1905
00:51:33,400 --> 00:51:35,092
PRE-AGRICULTURAL HUMANS, AT
1906
00:51:35,092 --> 00:51:36,783
THEIR SKELETAL REMAINS, THE
1907
00:51:36,783 --> 00:51:38,440
CORTICAL THICKNESS OF THEIR
1908
00:51:38,440 --> 00:51:40,269
BONES, THEY'RE ROBUST, THEY'RE
1909
00:51:40,269 --> 00:51:42,478
TALL, THEY HAD GOOD TEETH.
1910
00:51:42,478 --> 00:51:45,136
WHEN SOCIETIES BECAME
1911
00:51:45,136 --> 00:51:46,724
AGRICULTURAL, AND WE BECAME
1912
00:51:46,724 --> 00:51:48,277
SHORT OF STATURE, YOU KNOW,
1913
00:51:48,277 --> 00:51:49,899
TOOTH DECAY BECAME RAMPANT,
1914
00:51:49,899 --> 00:51:52,109
INFECTIONS WERE RAMPANT --
1915
00:51:52,109 --> 00:51:54,939
HUMAN HEALTH DEVOLVED WHEN WE
1916
00:51:54,939 --> 00:51:57,010
ADOPTED AGRICULTURE.
1917
00:51:57,010 --> 00:51:58,425
>> IF YOU COULD PACK ALL OF
1918
00:51:58,425 --> 00:51:59,944
HUMAN HISTORY INTO ONE YEAR,
1919
00:51:59,944 --> 00:52:01,359
WE'VE ONLY BEEN FARMING AND
1920
00:52:01,359 --> 00:52:02,947
EATING GRAIN SINCE ABOUT
1921
00:52:02,947 --> 00:52:04,673
YESTERDAY, WHICH IS WHEN WE
1922
00:52:04,673 --> 00:52:06,330
BECAME SHORTER AND FATTER.
1923
00:52:06,330 --> 00:52:07,814
WE ONLY STARTED CONSUMING
1924
00:52:07,814 --> 00:52:09,471
PROCESSED VEGETABLE OILS ABOUT
1925
00:52:09,471 --> 00:52:11,128
10 MINUTES AGO, WHICH IS WHEN
1926
00:52:11,128 --> 00:52:12,543
HEART DISEASE BECAME OUR
1927
00:52:12,543 --> 00:52:13,647
NUMBER-ONE KILLER.
1928
00:52:13,647 --> 00:52:15,753
SO, AFTER EXAMINING ALL THIS
1929
00:52:15,753 --> 00:52:18,065
HUMAN HISTORY, THE EXPERTS CAME
1930
00:52:18,065 --> 00:52:20,344
TO THE OBVIOUS CONCLUSION -- WE
1931
00:52:20,344 --> 00:52:22,725
NEED TO EAT A LOT MORE OF THESE.
1932
00:52:22,725 --> 00:52:24,900
AND SO THEY CONVINCED US THAT
1933
00:52:24,900 --> 00:52:27,247
HUMAN HEALTH DEPENDS ON FOODS WE
1934
00:52:27,247 --> 00:52:29,560
DIDN'T EAT FOR MORE THAN 99% OF
1935
00:52:29,560 --> 00:52:31,217
OUR ENTIRE EXISTENCE.
1936
00:52:31,217 --> 00:52:33,219
HOW DID THIS HAPPEN?
1937
00:52:33,219 --> 00:52:34,116
>> ♪ SHE-DO-DO-DO
1938
00:52:34,116 --> 00:52:35,117
♪ SHE-DO-DO-DO
1939
00:52:35,117 --> 00:52:36,705
♪ SHE-DO-DO-DO, WOW-WOW
1940
00:52:36,705 --> 00:52:38,500
>> IN THE 1950s, A BIOCHEMIST
1941
00:52:38,500 --> 00:52:40,226
NAMED ANCEL KEYS PUBLISHED A
1942
00:52:40,226 --> 00:52:41,848
STUDY THAT COMPARED HEART
1943
00:52:41,848 --> 00:52:43,781
DISEASE AND FAT CONSUMPTION IN A
1944
00:52:43,781 --> 00:52:45,162
HALF-DOZEN COUNTRIES --
1945
00:52:45,162 --> 00:52:46,887
THE MORE FAT, THE MORE HEART
1946
00:52:46,887 --> 00:52:47,578
DISEASE.
1947
00:52:47,578 --> 00:52:50,512
THE TREND LINE WAS UNMISTAKABLE.
1948
00:52:50,512 --> 00:52:52,341
JUST ONE LITTLE PROBLEM --
1949
00:52:52,341 --> 00:52:53,963
KEYS LEFT OUT COUNTRIES WHERE
1950
00:52:53,963 --> 00:52:55,689
PEOPLE EAT A LOT OF FAT BUT HAVE
1951
00:52:55,689 --> 00:52:57,346
VERY LITTLE HEART DISEASE, LIKE
1952
00:52:57,346 --> 00:52:59,072
HOLLAND AND NORWAY.
1953
00:52:59,072 --> 00:53:01,005
HE ALSO LEFT OUT COUNTRIES WHERE
1954
00:53:01,005 --> 00:53:02,869
PEOPLE DON'T EACH MUCH FAT BUT
1955
00:53:02,869 --> 00:53:04,698
DO HAVE A LOT OF HEART DISEASE,
1956
00:53:04,698 --> 00:53:05,527
LIKE CHILE.
1957
00:53:05,527 --> 00:53:07,563
IN FACT, KEYS HAD RELIABLE DATA
1958
00:53:07,563 --> 00:53:09,289
FROM 22 COUNTRIES, AND THE
1959
00:53:09,289 --> 00:53:11,326
RESULTS WERE ALL OVER THE PLACE,
1960
00:53:11,326 --> 00:53:13,328
BUT YOU CAN'T MAKE A BIG SPLASH
1961
00:53:13,328 --> 00:53:15,364
IN THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY WITH
1962
00:53:15,364 --> 00:53:17,194
A TREND LINE THAT LOOKS LIKE
1963
00:53:17,194 --> 00:53:17,746
THIS.
1964
00:53:17,746 --> 00:53:19,679
SO KEYS DID WHAT ANY DEDICATED
1965
00:53:19,679 --> 00:53:21,059
RESEARCHER WOULD DO.
1966
00:53:21,059 --> 00:53:22,716
HE THREW OUT THE DATA THAT
1967
00:53:22,716 --> 00:53:24,511
DIDN'T FIT AND PUBLISHED HIS
1968
00:53:24,511 --> 00:53:25,202
RESULTS.
1969
00:53:25,202 --> 00:53:27,134
HIS PUNISHMENT FOR THIS BIT OF
1970
00:53:27,134 --> 00:53:29,067
SCIENTIFIC CHICANERY WAS TO GET
1971
00:53:29,067 --> 00:53:30,793
HIS PICTURE ON THE COVER OF
1972
00:53:30,793 --> 00:53:31,898
TIMEMAGAZINE.
1973
00:53:31,898 --> 00:53:33,900
KEYS BECAME KNOWN AS THE FATHER
1974
00:53:33,900 --> 00:53:35,798
OF THE LIPID HYPOTHESIS, WHICH
1975
00:53:35,798 --> 00:53:37,697
SAYS THAT EATING SATURATED FAT
1976
00:53:37,697 --> 00:53:39,561
RAISES THE CHOLESTEROL IN YOUR
1977
00:53:39,561 --> 00:53:41,459
BLOOD, AND HIGH CHOLESTEROL IN
1978
00:53:41,459 --> 00:53:43,358
YOUR BLOOD CLOGS YOUR ARTERIES
1979
00:53:43,358 --> 00:53:45,118
AND CAUSES HEART DISEASE.
1980
00:53:45,118 --> 00:53:47,465
>> THE HYPOTHESIS THAT WHEN YOU
1981
00:53:47,465 --> 00:53:49,605
EAT HIGH FAT THAT THEN THAT
1982
00:53:49,605 --> 00:53:51,918
PRODUCES HIGH CHOLESTEROL, AND
1983
00:53:51,918 --> 00:53:53,747
THE CHOLESTEROL PRODUCES HEART
1984
00:53:53,747 --> 00:53:55,577
DISEASE, IS WRONG IN EVERY ONE
1985
00:53:55,577 --> 00:53:56,612
OF THOSE LINKS.
1986
00:53:56,612 --> 00:53:58,683
>> THIS WHOLE IDEA THAT DIETARY
1987
00:53:58,683 --> 00:54:00,720
FAT CAUSES CHOLESTEROL PROBLEMS
1988
00:54:00,720 --> 00:54:02,377
IS SORT OF A MYTH.
1989
00:54:02,377 --> 00:54:04,206
THE WHOLE IDEA THAT CHOLESTEROL
1990
00:54:04,206 --> 00:54:05,966
PROBLEMS LEAD TO HEART DISEASE
1991
00:54:05,966 --> 00:54:06,726
IS A MYTH.
1992
00:54:06,726 --> 00:54:08,452
>> THE THEORY IS COMPLETELY AND
1993
00:54:08,452 --> 00:54:09,349
TOTALLY WRONG.
1994
00:54:09,349 --> 00:54:11,282
IT WAS A THEORY THAT WAS MADE
1995
00:54:11,282 --> 00:54:14,251
OUT OF WHOLE CLOTH AND THEN
1996
00:54:14,251 --> 00:54:15,079
PUSHED.
1997
00:54:15,079 --> 00:54:16,908
>> THE TERM "ARTERY-CLOGGING
1998
00:54:16,908 --> 00:54:19,048
SATURATED FAT," IT'S AS THOUGH
1999
00:54:19,048 --> 00:54:20,118
IT'S ALL ONE WORD.
2000
00:54:20,118 --> 00:54:22,259
[ WOMAN SCREAMS ]
2001
00:54:22,259 --> 00:54:24,330
>> IT'S BECOME PART OF THE
2002
00:54:24,330 --> 00:54:25,020
ZEITGEIST.
2003
00:54:25,020 --> 00:54:26,642
EVERYBODY KNOWS SATURATED FAT IS
2004
00:54:26,642 --> 00:54:28,161
BAD FOR YOU, BUT WHEN YOU GET
2005
00:54:28,161 --> 00:54:29,645
BACK AND YOU START LOOKING AT
2006
00:54:29,645 --> 00:54:31,198
THE MEDICAL LITERATURE, AND YOU
2007
00:54:31,198 --> 00:54:33,546
ROOT BACK THROUGH TO FIND OUT
2008
00:54:33,546 --> 00:54:36,134
WHERE THIS WHOLE IDEA CAME FROM,
2009
00:54:36,134 --> 00:54:37,239
IT'S BOGUS.
2010
00:54:37,239 --> 00:54:38,930
>> THREE AUTHORS WHO DID ROOT
2011
00:54:38,930 --> 00:54:40,656
THROUGH THE MEDICAL LITERATURE
2012
00:54:40,656 --> 00:54:42,451
ARE SCIENCE WRITER GARY TAUBES,
2013
00:54:42,451 --> 00:54:44,177
SWEDISH DOCTOR UFFE RAVNSKOV,
2014
00:54:44,177 --> 00:54:45,282
AND BRITISH DOCTOR
2015
00:54:45,282 --> 00:54:46,386
MALCOLM KENDRICK.
2016
00:54:46,386 --> 00:54:48,146
WHEN THEY EXAMINED THE DATA FROM
2017
00:54:48,146 --> 00:54:49,665
ALL THE BIG STUDIES ON HEART
2018
00:54:49,665 --> 00:54:51,288
DISEASE, THEY DISCOVERED SOME
2019
00:54:51,288 --> 00:54:52,668
PRETTY INTERESTING FACTS.
2020
00:54:52,668 --> 00:54:54,808
HERE'S MY FAVORITE.
2021
00:54:54,808 --> 00:54:56,741
GUESS HOW MANY STUDIES ACTUALLY
2022
00:54:56,741 --> 00:54:58,364
PROVE THAT A HIGH-FAT DIET
2023
00:54:58,364 --> 00:54:59,779
CAUSES HEART DISEASE.
2024
00:54:59,779 --> 00:55:03,023
THE ANSWER -- ZERO.
2025
00:55:03,023 --> 00:55:05,474
THAT'S RIGHT. NONE.
2026
00:55:05,474 --> 00:55:07,200
IN SOME OF THE LARGEST STUDIES
2027
00:55:07,200 --> 00:55:08,995
EVER CONDUCTED, RESEARCHERS PUT
2028
00:55:08,995 --> 00:55:10,583
THOUSANDS OF VOLUNTEERS ON A
2029
00:55:10,583 --> 00:55:12,274
LOW-FAT DIET AND THEN TRACKED
2030
00:55:12,274 --> 00:55:13,689
THEIR HEALTH HISTORY FOR SEVERAL
2031
00:55:13,689 --> 00:55:14,587
YEARS.
2032
00:55:14,587 --> 00:55:16,865
THE RESULTS -- NOTHING.
2033
00:55:16,865 --> 00:55:18,522
THEY HAD JUST AS MANY HEART
2034
00:55:18,522 --> 00:55:20,455
ATTACKS AS PEOPLE WHO WEREN'T ON
2035
00:55:20,455 --> 00:55:21,490
A LOW-FAT DIET.
2036
00:55:21,490 --> 00:55:23,354
SINCE 1948, THE HARVARD MEDICAL
2037
00:55:23,354 --> 00:55:25,149
SCHOOL HAS BEEN FOLLOWING THE
2038
00:55:25,149 --> 00:55:26,875
DIETS AND DEATH RATES OF THE
2039
00:55:26,875 --> 00:55:28,186
ENTIRE POPULATION OF
2040
00:55:28,186 --> 00:55:29,981
FRAMINGHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.
2041
00:55:29,981 --> 00:55:31,707
ONE OF THE RESEARCHERS INVOLVED
2042
00:55:31,707 --> 00:55:33,399
IN THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY CALLED
2043
00:55:33,399 --> 00:55:35,090
IN THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY CALLED
THE LIPID HYPOTHESIS...
2044
00:55:35,090 --> 00:55:39,508
THE LIPID HYPOTHESIS...
2045
00:55:39,508 --> 00:55:41,165
AND AFTER MORE THAN 40 YEARS,
2046
00:55:41,165 --> 00:55:42,822
EVEN THE DIRECTOR OF THE STUDY
2047
00:55:42,822 --> 00:55:44,202
MADE A RATHER STARTLING
2048
00:55:44,202 --> 00:55:45,859
ADMISSION ABOUT WHAT THE STUDY
2049
00:55:45,859 --> 00:55:48,931
ADMISSION ABOUT WHAT THE STUDY
DATA ACTUALLY SHOWS.
2050
00:55:48,931 --> 00:55:54,420
DATA ACTUALLY SHOWS.
2051
00:55:54,420 --> 00:55:56,387
IN OTHER WORDS, A HIGH-FAT DIET
2052
00:55:56,387 --> 00:55:58,182
DOES NOT AUTOMATICALLY RAISE
2053
00:55:58,182 --> 00:55:59,356
YOUR CHOLESTEROL.
2054
00:55:59,356 --> 00:56:01,392
WELL, WHAT ABOUT THE SECOND HALF
2055
00:56:01,392 --> 00:56:02,980
OF THE LIPID HYPOTHESIS?
2056
00:56:02,980 --> 00:56:04,913
WHETHER IT COMES FROM YOUR DIET
2057
00:56:04,913 --> 00:56:06,949
OR NOT, DOESN'T HIGH CHOLESTEROL
2058
00:56:06,949 --> 00:56:08,295
CAUSE HEART DISEASE?
2059
00:56:08,295 --> 00:56:09,987
AFTER ALL, THAT'S WHAT THE
2060
00:56:09,987 --> 00:56:11,989
EXPERTS HAVE BEEN TELLING US FOR
2061
00:56:11,989 --> 00:56:12,748
50 YEARS.
2062
00:56:12,748 --> 00:56:14,198
>> LOTS OF PEOPLE HAVE BAD HEART
2063
00:56:14,198 --> 00:56:15,130
ATTACKS AND HAVE LOW
2064
00:56:15,130 --> 00:56:15,786
CHOLESTEROL.
2065
00:56:15,786 --> 00:56:17,443
THERE'S NOT REALLY A HUGE
2066
00:56:17,443 --> 00:56:18,513
CORRELATION THERE.
2067
00:56:18,513 --> 00:56:19,824
>> YOU'VE GOT PEOPLE WHO HAVE
2068
00:56:19,824 --> 00:56:21,136
HEART ATTACKS AND WHO DEVELOP
2069
00:56:21,136 --> 00:56:22,102
PLAQUE WHO HAVE HIGH
2070
00:56:22,102 --> 00:56:23,483
CHOLESTEROL, PEOPLE WHO HAVE LOW
2071
00:56:23,483 --> 00:56:24,898
CHOLESTEROL.
2072
00:56:24,898 --> 00:56:25,934
THERE'S REALLY NOT ANY
2073
00:56:25,934 --> 00:56:26,590
CORRELATION.
2074
00:56:26,590 --> 00:56:28,074
>> MICHAEL DeBAKEY, THE FAMOUS
2075
00:56:28,074 --> 00:56:29,386
HEART SURGEON, COMPARED THE
2076
00:56:29,386 --> 00:56:30,801
MEDICAL RECORDS OF MORE THAN
2077
00:56:30,801 --> 00:56:33,079
1,700 OF HIS OWN PATIENTS.
2078
00:56:33,079 --> 00:56:35,012
HE FOUND NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
2079
00:56:35,012 --> 00:56:36,703
CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND HEART
2080
00:56:36,703 --> 00:56:37,394
DISEASE.
2081
00:56:37,394 --> 00:56:39,223
WHEN DWIGHT EISENHOWER HAD HIS
2082
00:56:39,223 --> 00:56:40,673
FIRST HEART ATTACK, HIS
2083
00:56:40,673 --> 00:56:44,055
CHOLESTEROL WAS ONLY ABOUT 165.
2084
00:56:44,055 --> 00:56:44,746
WOW!
2085
00:56:44,746 --> 00:56:46,403
THAT'S A NICE, HEALTHY LEVEL
2086
00:56:46,403 --> 00:56:47,818
THERE, GENERAL.
2087
00:56:47,818 --> 00:56:51,235
[ RECORD SCRATCHES ]
2088
00:56:51,235 --> 00:56:53,306
SO, IF HIGH CHOLESTEROL DOESN'T
2089
00:56:53,306 --> 00:56:55,273
ACTUALLY CAUSE HEART DISEASE,
2090
00:56:55,273 --> 00:56:56,136
WHAT DOES?
2091
00:56:56,136 --> 00:56:57,379
>> THE NEWEST THEORIES IN HEART
2092
00:56:57,379 --> 00:56:58,587
DISEASE DEVELOPMENT DON'T HAVE
2093
00:56:58,587 --> 00:56:59,864
ANYTHING TO DO WITH CHOLESTEROL,
2094
00:56:59,864 --> 00:57:00,727
THEY HAVE TO DO WITH
2095
00:57:00,727 --> 00:57:01,797
INFLAMMATION.
2096
00:57:01,797 --> 00:57:03,627
>> CHOLESTEROL DOES NOT CAUSE
2097
00:57:03,627 --> 00:57:04,662
HEART DISEASE.
2098
00:57:04,662 --> 00:57:06,492
CHOLESTEROL IS THE THING THAT
2099
00:57:06,492 --> 00:57:09,356
HEART DISEASE ACTS UPON.
2100
00:57:09,356 --> 00:57:11,289
THE HEART DISEASE IS THE
2101
00:57:11,289 --> 00:57:13,637
INFLAMMATION AND THE OXIDATION,
2102
00:57:13,637 --> 00:57:16,053
THE PLAQUING OUT OF CHOLESTEROL
2103
00:57:16,053 --> 00:57:18,089
ONCE IT BECOMES OXIDIZED.
2104
00:57:18,089 --> 00:57:19,746
>> SO MANY PEOPLE HAVE BEEN
2105
00:57:19,746 --> 00:57:21,541
FOUND THAT HAD LOW, NORMAL OR
2106
00:57:21,541 --> 00:57:23,440
LOW CHOLESTEROL, AND THEY STILL
2107
00:57:23,440 --> 00:57:25,338
HAD BAD HEART DISEASE, BUT MOST
2108
00:57:25,338 --> 00:57:27,064
OF THOSE PEOPLE, WHEN THEY'RE
2109
00:57:27,064 --> 00:57:28,721
CHECKED CAREFULLY, WILL HAVE
2110
00:57:28,721 --> 00:57:30,930
SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION.
2111
00:57:30,930 --> 00:57:32,069
>> TO UNDERSTAND HOW
2112
00:57:32,069 --> 00:57:33,553
INFLAMMATION CAN CAUSE HEART
2113
00:57:33,553 --> 00:57:35,037
DISEASE, LET'S LOOK AT WHAT
2114
00:57:35,037 --> 00:57:37,005
CHOLESTEROL ACTUALLY DOES.
2115
00:57:37,005 --> 00:57:38,696
CHOLESTEROL IS ONE OF THE MOST
2116
00:57:38,696 --> 00:57:40,318
IMPORTANT SUBSTANCES IN YOUR
2117
00:57:40,318 --> 00:57:40,767
BODY.
2118
00:57:40,767 --> 00:57:42,459
WITHOUT IT, YOU WOULD BE DEAD.
2119
00:57:42,459 --> 00:57:44,046
YOUR BRAIN AND YOUR NERVOUS
2120
00:57:44,046 --> 00:57:45,772
SYSTEM ARE FULL OF CHOLESTEROL.
2121
00:57:45,772 --> 00:57:47,464
THE WALLS OF YOUR CELLS DEPEND
2122
00:57:47,464 --> 00:57:48,465
ON CHOLESTEROL.
2123
00:57:48,465 --> 00:57:50,190
NEARLY ALL OF YOUR HORMONES ARE
2124
00:57:50,190 --> 00:57:51,744
MADE FROM CHOLESTEROL.
2125
00:57:51,744 --> 00:57:53,470
THIS STUFF IS SO IMPORTANT,
2126
00:57:53,470 --> 00:57:55,402
ALMOST EVERY CELL IN YOUR BODY
2127
00:57:55,402 --> 00:57:57,370
CAN MAKE ITS OWN CHOLESTEROL IF
2128
00:57:57,370 --> 00:57:58,198
IT HAS TO.
2129
00:57:58,198 --> 00:58:00,097
THE HEART-DISEASE STORY WE ALL
2130
00:58:00,097 --> 00:58:01,443
KNOW GOES LIKE THIS.
2131
00:58:01,443 --> 00:58:03,480
IF YOU HAVE TOO MUCH LDL, OR BAD
2132
00:58:03,480 --> 00:58:05,274
CHOLESTEROL, IT BUILDS UP IN
2133
00:58:05,274 --> 00:58:07,035
YOUR ARTERIES AND MAKES THEM
2134
00:58:07,035 --> 00:58:07,691
NARROW.
2135
00:58:07,691 --> 00:58:09,762
BUT IF YOU'RE LUCKY, HDL, OR
2136
00:58:09,762 --> 00:58:12,005
GOOD CHOLESTEROL, GOBBLES IT UP
2137
00:58:12,005 --> 00:58:15,008
AND CLEARS IT AWAY.
2138
00:58:15,008 --> 00:58:17,494
IT'S A NICE, SIMPLE STORY, AND
2139
00:58:17,494 --> 00:58:19,496
IT'S A LOAD OF BALONEY.
2140
00:58:19,496 --> 00:58:22,188
FOR ONE THING, LDL AND HDL ARE
2141
00:58:22,188 --> 00:58:23,810
NOT CHOLESTEROL.
2142
00:58:23,810 --> 00:58:25,640
THEY'RE PROTEINS THAT CARRY
2143
00:58:25,640 --> 00:58:27,711
CHOLESTEROL THROUGH YOUR BLOOD.
2144
00:58:27,711 --> 00:58:29,609
LDL CARRIES CHOLESTEROL FROM
2145
00:58:29,609 --> 00:58:31,646
YOUR LIVER TO YOUR TISSUES, AND
2146
00:58:31,646 --> 00:58:33,786
HDL CARRIES OLD CHOLESTEROL BACK
2147
00:58:33,786 --> 00:58:35,477
TO YOUR LIVER, WHERE IT'S
2148
00:58:35,477 --> 00:58:36,271
RECYCLED.
2149
00:58:36,271 --> 00:58:38,480
IF YOU WANT MORE HDL, THE LAST
2150
00:58:38,480 --> 00:58:40,517
THING YOU NEED IS A LOW-FAT
2151
00:58:40,517 --> 00:58:41,138
DIET.
2152
00:58:41,138 --> 00:58:44,037
>> WHAT MAKES HDL GO UP?
2153
00:58:44,037 --> 00:58:45,314
FAT IN THE DIET.
2154
00:58:45,314 --> 00:58:47,006
THAT'S WHAT RAISES HDL.
2155
00:58:47,006 --> 00:58:48,904
SO YOU INCREASE THE FAT IN YOUR
2156
00:58:48,904 --> 00:58:50,665
DIET, AND YOUR HDL, DEEMED BY
2157
00:58:50,665 --> 00:58:52,494
EVEN THE MOST FERVENT
2158
00:58:52,494 --> 00:58:54,876
ANTI-CHOLESTEROL PERSON AS THE
2159
00:58:54,876 --> 00:58:57,292
GOOD CHOLESTEROL, HDL GOES UP.
2160
00:58:57,292 --> 00:58:58,500
>> THAT'S RIGHT.
2161
00:58:58,500 --> 00:59:00,364
IN SPITE OF WHAT THE EXPERTS
2162
00:59:00,364 --> 00:59:02,262
TOLD US, 27 DIFFERENT STUDIES
2163
00:59:02,262 --> 00:59:04,368
HAVE SHOWN THAT EATING SATURATED
2164
00:59:04,368 --> 00:59:06,681
FAT RAISES YOUR HDL.
2165
00:59:06,681 --> 00:59:09,131
AND DESPITE ITS BAD REPUTATION,
2166
00:59:09,131 --> 00:59:12,031
NOT ALL LDL IS ACTUALLY BAD.
2167
00:59:12,031 --> 00:59:14,343
>> LDL COMES IN DIFFERENT SIZE
2168
00:59:14,343 --> 00:59:15,241
PACKAGES.
2169
00:59:15,241 --> 00:59:17,554
THERE ARE LITTLE SMALL, DENSE,
2170
00:59:17,554 --> 00:59:19,763
B.B.-LIKE PACKAGES, AND THERE
2171
00:59:19,763 --> 00:59:21,592
ARE BIG, ROUND, FLUFFY,
2172
00:59:21,592 --> 00:59:23,490
COTTON-BALL-LIKE PACKAGES.
2173
00:59:23,490 --> 00:59:25,423
AND THE SMALL, DENSE ONES, IT
2174
00:59:25,423 --> 00:59:26,873
TURNS OUT, WHAT'S CALLED THE
2175
00:59:26,873 --> 00:59:30,877
TYPE-B LDL, ARE THE MOST HARMFUL
2176
00:59:30,877 --> 00:59:32,534
ONES, AND THE BIG, FLUFFY ONES
2177
00:59:32,534 --> 00:59:34,122
AREN'T PARTICULARLY HARMFUL AT
2178
00:59:34,122 --> 00:59:34,571
ALL.
2179
00:59:34,571 --> 00:59:36,400
>> HEART DISEASE DOESN'T BEGIN
2180
00:59:36,400 --> 00:59:38,229
WHEN YOUR CHOLESTEROL GOES UP.
2181
00:59:38,229 --> 00:59:39,955
IT BEGINS WHEN YOUR ARTERIES
2182
00:59:39,955 --> 00:59:41,785
BECOME DAMAGED OR INFLAMED.
2183
00:59:41,785 --> 00:59:43,856
LDL THEN DOES EXACTLY WHAT IT'S
2184
00:59:43,856 --> 00:59:45,858
SUPPOSED TO DO -- IT BRINGS IN
2185
00:59:45,858 --> 00:59:47,929
CHOLESTEROL TO HELP THE HEALING
2186
00:59:47,929 --> 00:59:48,723
PROCESS.
2187
00:59:48,723 --> 00:59:51,001
BUT IF SMALL LDL BECOMES DAMAGED
2188
00:59:51,001 --> 00:59:53,141
BY OXIDATION, IT CAN PENETRATE
2189
00:59:53,141 --> 00:59:54,867
THE WALL OF THE ARTERY.
2190
00:59:54,867 --> 00:59:56,454
IF THE INFLAMMATION AND
2191
00:59:56,454 --> 00:59:58,318
OXIDATION CONTINUE, A PLAQUE
2192
00:59:58,318 --> 00:59:59,423
BEGINS TO FORM.
2193
00:59:59,423 --> 01:00:01,563
NOW YOU'VE GOT HEART DISEASE.
2194
01:00:01,563 --> 01:00:03,876
SO, DOES A HIGH-FAT DIET PRODUCE
2195
01:00:03,876 --> 01:00:05,912
TOO MUCH SMALL LDL?
2196
01:00:05,912 --> 01:00:06,603
NOPE.
2197
01:00:06,603 --> 01:00:08,708
SMALL LDL IS THE RESULT OF
2198
01:00:08,708 --> 01:00:11,124
EATING TOO MANY CARBOHYDRATES.
2199
01:00:11,124 --> 01:00:12,263
>> THAT'S BEEN SHOWN IN
2200
01:00:12,263 --> 01:00:13,713
THE MEDICAL LITERATURE PROBABLY
2201
01:00:13,713 --> 01:00:14,921
A DOZEN TIMES, AT LEAST, IN
2202
01:00:14,921 --> 01:00:16,682
PAPERS, THAT REDUCING
2203
01:00:16,682 --> 01:00:18,373
CARBOHYDRATE IN THE DIET SHIFTS
2204
01:00:18,373 --> 01:00:20,064
FROM A SMALL, DENSE PATTERN TO A
2205
01:00:20,064 --> 01:00:21,238
BIG, FLUFFY PATTERN.
2206
01:00:21,238 --> 01:00:23,654
>> HAVING AN LDL THAT'S 120 OR
2207
01:00:23,654 --> 01:00:28,417
130 OR 100 OR 145 DOESN'T MATTER
2208
01:00:28,417 --> 01:00:31,144
AS MUCH AS THE KIND OF LDL THAT
2209
01:00:31,144 --> 01:00:31,973
IT IS.
2210
01:00:31,973 --> 01:00:33,560
>> IF THE NUMBERS ALONE DON'T
2211
01:00:33,560 --> 01:00:35,114
MEAN VERY MUCH, THEN WHY DOES
2212
01:00:35,114 --> 01:00:36,633
HIGH CHOLESTEROL GET ALL THE
2213
01:00:36,633 --> 01:00:37,495
BLAME?
2214
01:00:37,495 --> 01:00:39,428
RESEARCH CONSISTENTLY SHOWS THAT
2215
01:00:39,428 --> 01:00:41,223
SMOKING, ELEVATED BLOOD SUGAR,
2216
01:00:41,223 --> 01:00:43,053
AND EMOTIONAL STRESS CAN CAUSE
2217
01:00:43,053 --> 01:00:44,641
INFLAMMATION, DAMAGE YOUR
2218
01:00:44,641 --> 01:00:46,539
ARTERIES, AND LEAD TO HEART
2219
01:00:46,539 --> 01:00:47,298
DISEASE.
2220
01:00:47,298 --> 01:00:49,404
THEY ALSO HAPPEN TO RAISE YOUR
2221
01:00:49,404 --> 01:00:50,405
CHOLESTEROL.
2222
01:00:50,405 --> 01:00:52,407
SO, BY BLAMING CHOLESTEROL FOR
2223
01:00:52,407 --> 01:00:54,167
CAUSING HEART DISEASE, THE
2224
01:00:54,167 --> 01:00:56,031
EXPERTS RELIED ON LOGIC THAT
2225
01:00:56,031 --> 01:00:57,895
MAKES ABOUT AS MUCH SENSE AS
2226
01:00:57,895 --> 01:00:58,827
THIS.
2227
01:00:58,827 --> 01:01:00,829
IN HIGH-CRIME AREAS, THERE ARE
2228
01:01:00,829 --> 01:01:02,589
MORE CALLS TO THE POLICE.
2229
01:01:02,589 --> 01:01:04,557
THEREFORE, WE CAN ASSUME THAT
2230
01:01:04,557 --> 01:01:06,559
CALLING THE POLICE PRODUCES AN
2231
01:01:06,559 --> 01:01:07,871
INCREASE IN CRIME.
2232
01:01:07,871 --> 01:01:09,942
TO GET RID OF CRIME, THE ANSWER
2233
01:01:09,942 --> 01:01:11,875
IS SIMPLE -- STOP CALLING THE
2234
01:01:11,875 --> 01:01:12,599
POLICE.
2235
01:01:12,599 --> 01:01:14,360
BUT IN SPITE OF ALL THE EVIDENCE
2236
01:01:14,360 --> 01:01:15,844
THAT CHOLESTEROL IS JUST AN
2237
01:01:15,844 --> 01:01:17,846
INNOCENT BYSTANDER, THE EXPERTS
2238
01:01:17,846 --> 01:01:19,710
KEEP TRYING TO BRING IT UP ON
2239
01:01:19,710 --> 01:01:20,469
CHARGES.
2240
01:01:20,469 --> 01:01:23,196
IN 1988, THE SURGEON GENERAL'S
2241
01:01:23,196 --> 01:01:24,715
OFFICE SET OUT TO PROVE THE
2242
01:01:24,715 --> 01:01:26,372
LIPID HYPOTHESIS BY REVIEWING
2243
01:01:26,372 --> 01:01:27,891
THE DATA FROM ALL THE MAJOR
2244
01:01:27,891 --> 01:01:30,031
STUDIES, BUT AFTER 11 YEARS AND
2245
01:01:30,031 --> 01:01:31,929
MORE THAN $100 MILLION, THE
2246
01:01:31,929 --> 01:01:34,104
RESULTS WERE NOT SUPPORTING THE
2247
01:01:34,104 --> 01:01:36,071
THEORY, SO THEY DID WHAT ANY
2248
01:01:36,071 --> 01:01:38,280
DEDICATED GOVERNMENT RESEARCHERS
2249
01:01:38,280 --> 01:01:40,351
WOULD DO -- THEY SHUT DOWN THE
2250
01:01:40,351 --> 01:01:42,319
ENTIRE PROJECT, SAYING IT WAS
2251
01:01:42,319 --> 01:01:44,493
BECOMING TOO COMPLICATED.
2252
01:01:44,493 --> 01:01:46,150
AND AS KENDRICK, TAUBES, AND
2253
01:01:46,150 --> 01:01:48,049
RAVNSKOV DISCOVERED, THAT'S BEEN
2254
01:01:48,049 --> 01:01:49,809
A DISTURBINGLY COMMON PATTERN.
2255
01:01:49,809 --> 01:01:51,500
RESEARCHERS ROUTINELY IGNORE
2256
01:01:51,500 --> 01:01:52,916
EVIDENCE THAT THE LIPID
2257
01:01:52,916 --> 01:01:54,538
HYPOTHESIS IS WRONG AND
2258
01:01:54,538 --> 01:01:56,609
SOMETIMES EVEN MANIPULATE THEIR
2259
01:01:56,609 --> 01:01:58,473
DATA FOR THE SOLE PURPOSE OF
2260
01:01:58,473 --> 01:01:59,577
SUPPORTING IT.
2261
01:01:59,577 --> 01:02:01,579
WHAT COULD POSSIBLY CAUSE SUCH
2262
01:02:01,579 --> 01:02:03,409
RAMPANT DISHONESTY?
2263
01:02:03,409 --> 01:02:05,031
[ BOING! ]
2264
01:02:05,031 --> 01:02:06,826
IN THE 1970s, THE LIPID
2265
01:02:06,826 --> 01:02:09,035
HYPOTHESIS WAS STILL VERY MUCH
2266
01:02:09,035 --> 01:02:10,071
IN DISPUTE.
2267
01:02:10,071 --> 01:02:11,797
THEN A SENATE COMMITTEE HEADED
2268
01:02:11,797 --> 01:02:13,522
BY GEORGE McGOVERN DECIDED TO
2269
01:02:13,522 --> 01:02:14,765
SETTLE THE ISSUE.
2270
01:02:14,765 --> 01:02:16,111
McGOVERN AT THE TIME WAS
2271
01:02:16,111 --> 01:02:17,734
FOLLOWING THE PRITIKIN DIET AND
2272
01:02:17,734 --> 01:02:19,218
BELIEVED EVERYONE SHOULD BE
2273
01:02:19,218 --> 01:02:20,426
CUTTING BACK ON FAT AND
2274
01:02:20,426 --> 01:02:21,807
CHOLESTEROL.
2275
01:02:21,807 --> 01:02:22,808
>> THE COMMITTEE'S ORIGINAL
2276
01:02:22,808 --> 01:02:24,741
REPORT URGED AMERICANS TO REDUCE
2277
01:02:24,741 --> 01:02:26,397
THEIR RISK OF HEART ATTACKS BY
2278
01:02:26,397 --> 01:02:27,744
REDUCING THEIR INTAKE OF
2279
01:02:27,744 --> 01:02:28,952
CHOLESTEROL DOWN TO THE
2280
01:02:28,952 --> 01:02:30,470
EQUIVALENT OF ABOUT ONE EGG A
2281
01:02:30,470 --> 01:02:32,265
DAY, BUT DOCTORS TOOK ISSUE WITH
2282
01:02:32,265 --> 01:02:34,060
THAT AT THE HEARING, SAYING THAT
2283
01:02:34,060 --> 01:02:36,304
EIGHT STUDIES, INVOLVING 5,000
2284
01:02:36,304 --> 01:02:37,857
PATIENTS, FAILED TO SHOW HARD
2285
01:02:37,857 --> 01:02:39,583
MEDICAL EVIDENCE THAT DIET HAS
2286
01:02:39,583 --> 01:02:41,033
ANYTHING TO DO WITH HEART
2287
01:02:41,033 --> 01:02:41,792
ATTACKS.
2288
01:02:41,792 --> 01:02:42,413
>> HMM.
2289
01:02:42,413 --> 01:02:44,553
LET'S LISTEN TO THAT PART AGAIN.
2290
01:02:44,553 --> 01:02:46,003
>> EIGHT STUDIES, INVOLVING
2291
01:02:46,003 --> 01:02:48,385
5,000 PATIENTS, FAILED TO SHOW
2292
01:02:48,385 --> 01:02:49,904
HARD MEDICAL EVIDENCE THAT DIET
2293
01:02:49,904 --> 01:02:51,353
HAS ANYTHING TO DO WITH HEART
2294
01:02:51,353 --> 01:02:52,423
ATTACKS.
2295
01:02:52,423 --> 01:02:54,080
>> I HAVE PLEADED IN MY REPORT
2296
01:02:54,080 --> 01:02:55,841
AND WILL PLEAD AGAIN ORALLY HERE
2297
01:02:55,841 --> 01:02:57,635
FOR MORE RESEARCH ON THE PROBLEM
2298
01:02:57,635 --> 01:02:58,844
BEFORE WE MAKE ANNOUNCEMENTS TO
2299
01:02:58,844 --> 01:03:00,190
THE AMERICAN PUBLIC.
2300
01:03:00,190 --> 01:03:01,605
>> YOU KNOW, THERE WERE EMINENT
2301
01:03:01,605 --> 01:03:02,882
SCIENTISTS AT THE TIME SAYING
2302
01:03:02,882 --> 01:03:03,987
"THIS IS NONSENSE.
2303
01:03:03,987 --> 01:03:05,574
THERE IS NO GOOD SCIENTIFIC
2304
01:03:05,574 --> 01:03:07,404
EVIDENCE THAT EITHER FAT OR
2305
01:03:07,404 --> 01:03:09,958
CHOLESTEROL, YOU KNOW, IS AT THE
2306
01:03:09,958 --> 01:03:11,753
ROOT OF HEART DISEASE."
2307
01:03:11,753 --> 01:03:13,720
>> I SAID TO THE PROFESSOR THAT
2308
01:03:13,720 --> 01:03:16,102
I WAS WORKING WITH, "THIS IS NOT
2309
01:03:16,102 --> 01:03:17,000
RIGHT.
2310
01:03:17,000 --> 01:03:19,623
ANIMAL FAT'S NOT CAUSING THIS,
2311
01:03:19,623 --> 01:03:21,349
AND THIS IS NOT WHAT THE DATA
2312
01:03:21,349 --> 01:03:22,074
SAYS."
2313
01:03:22,074 --> 01:03:23,800
>> SO THE McGOVERN STAFF DID
2314
01:03:23,800 --> 01:03:25,767
WHAT ANY DEDICATED STAFF WORKING
2315
01:03:25,767 --> 01:03:27,493
FOR McGOVERN WOULD DO -- THEY
2316
01:03:27,493 --> 01:03:29,219
DECIDED THOSE SCIENTISTS MUST
2317
01:03:29,219 --> 01:03:30,910
HAVE BEEN PAID OFF BY THE BIG,
2318
01:03:30,910 --> 01:03:32,705
BAD DAIRY AND EGG INDUSTRIES.
2319
01:03:32,705 --> 01:03:34,603
>> WELL, I WOULD ONLY ARGUE THAT
2320
01:03:34,603 --> 01:03:36,778
SENATORS DON'T HAVE THE LUXURY
2321
01:03:36,778 --> 01:03:38,573
THAT A RESEARCH SCIENTIST DOES
2322
01:03:38,573 --> 01:03:40,678
OF WAITING UNTIL EVERY LAST
2323
01:03:40,678 --> 01:03:43,026
SHRED OF EVIDENCE IS IN.
2324
01:03:43,026 --> 01:03:45,338
>> THEY WENT TO GREAT LENGTHS TO
2325
01:03:45,338 --> 01:03:49,204
OVERLOOK ANYTHING THAT DID NOT
2326
01:03:49,204 --> 01:03:51,137
FALL IN TO LOCK STEP WITH THAT
2327
01:03:51,137 --> 01:03:53,001
BELIEF, AND BASICALLY JUST
2328
01:03:53,001 --> 01:03:55,762
UNLEASHED WHAT AMOUNTED TO A
2329
01:03:55,762 --> 01:03:58,110
SEVERAL-DECADE LONG EXPERIMENT
2330
01:03:58,110 --> 01:04:00,940
IN WHICH ALL OF US WERE
2331
01:04:00,940 --> 01:04:03,563
UNWITTING PARTICIPANTS.
2332
01:04:03,563 --> 01:04:04,875
>> THE McGOVERN COMMITTEE'S
2333
01:04:04,875 --> 01:04:06,290
REPORT WAS WRITTEN BY A YOUNG
2334
01:04:06,290 --> 01:04:07,774
STAFF MEMBER WHO HAPPENED TO BE
2335
01:04:07,774 --> 01:04:09,121
A VEGETARIAN AND HAD NO
2336
01:04:09,121 --> 01:04:10,950
BACKGROUND IN MEDICINE OR HEALTH
2337
01:04:10,950 --> 01:04:12,020
RESEARCH.
2338
01:04:12,020 --> 01:04:13,573
THE COMMITTEE RECOMMENDED A
2339
01:04:13,573 --> 01:04:15,196
LOW-FAT, LOW-CHOLESTEROL DIET
2340
01:04:15,196 --> 01:04:16,853
FOR EVERYONE AND OFFERED SOME
2341
01:04:16,853 --> 01:04:18,578
IDEAS THAT COULD ONLY SPRING
2342
01:04:18,578 --> 01:04:20,787
FROM THE MIND OF A POLITICIAN.
2343
01:04:20,787 --> 01:04:21,858
>> BUT SENATOR SCHWEIKER OF
2344
01:04:21,858 --> 01:04:23,204
PENNSYLVANIA SUGGESTED THAT
2345
01:04:23,204 --> 01:04:24,515
INSTEAD OF DISCREDITING THE
2346
01:04:24,515 --> 01:04:26,276
COMMITTEE'S REPORT, THE EGG MEN
2347
01:04:26,276 --> 01:04:27,933
SHOULD BE OUT DEVELOPING HENS
2348
01:04:27,933 --> 01:04:29,693
THAT WOULD LAY LOW-CHOLESTEROL
2349
01:04:29,693 --> 01:04:30,038
EGGS.
2350
01:04:30,038 --> 01:04:30,867
[ CHICKEN CLUCKS ]
2351
01:04:30,867 --> 01:04:32,282
>> SOON AFTER THE McGOVERN
2352
01:04:32,282 --> 01:04:33,904
REPORT WAS ISSUED, THE USDA GOT
2353
01:04:33,904 --> 01:04:34,836
INTO THE ACT.
2354
01:04:34,836 --> 01:04:36,182
CAROL TUCKER-FOREMAN, THE
2355
01:04:36,182 --> 01:04:37,874
ASSISTANT SECRETARY AT THE TIME,
2356
01:04:37,874 --> 01:04:39,358
BELIEVED IN THE LOW-FAT DIET
2357
01:04:39,358 --> 01:04:40,807
THEORY AND WANTED TO ISSUE
2358
01:04:40,807 --> 01:04:42,257
OFFICIAL GUIDELINES TO TELL
2359
01:04:42,257 --> 01:04:43,880
EVERYBODY HOW TO EAT.
2360
01:04:43,880 --> 01:04:45,571
TO MAKE SURE SHE WAS ON SOLID
2361
01:04:45,571 --> 01:04:47,400
SCIENTIFIC GROUND, SHE CONSULTED
2362
01:04:47,400 --> 01:04:48,885
WITH PHILIP HANDLER, THE HEAD
2363
01:04:48,885 --> 01:04:50,265
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF
2364
01:04:50,265 --> 01:04:51,266
SCIENCES.
2365
01:04:51,266 --> 01:04:53,096
JUST ONE LITTLE PROBLEM --
2366
01:04:53,096 --> 01:04:54,891
HANDLER TOLD HER THE McGOVERN
2367
01:04:54,891 --> 01:04:57,376
COMMITTEE'S REPORT WAS NONSENSE,
2368
01:04:57,376 --> 01:04:59,343
SO SHE DID WHAT ANY DEDICATED
2369
01:04:59,343 --> 01:05:01,690
GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL WOULD DO --
2370
01:05:01,690 --> 01:05:03,278
SHE IGNORED HIM, SHOPPED AROUND
2371
01:05:03,278 --> 01:05:04,901
FOR A SCIENTIST WHO AGREED WITH
2372
01:05:04,901 --> 01:05:07,213
HER, THEN ISSUED THE GUIDELINES.
2373
01:05:07,213 --> 01:05:08,559
THANKS TO A HANDFUL OF
2374
01:05:08,559 --> 01:05:10,285
POLITICIANS WITH NO BACKGROUND
2375
01:05:10,285 --> 01:05:11,977
IN SCIENCE, THE HEART-HEALTHY
2376
01:05:11,977 --> 01:05:13,530
BENEFITS OF A LOW-FAT DIET
2377
01:05:13,530 --> 01:05:15,256
BECAME OFFICIAL GOVERNMENT
2378
01:05:15,256 --> 01:05:17,292
POLICY, AND REAL SCIENTISTS GOT
2379
01:05:17,292 --> 01:05:19,053
THE MESSAGE LOUD AND CLEAR --
2380
01:05:19,053 --> 01:05:20,917
TELL US WHAT WE ALREADY BELIEVE,
2381
01:05:20,917 --> 01:05:22,642
OR YOU CAN SAY GOODBYE TO YOUR
2382
01:05:22,642 --> 01:05:26,646
LUCRATIVE GOVERNMENT FUNDING.
2383
01:05:26,646 --> 01:05:28,027
>> THERE IS INFLUENCE THAT GOES
2384
01:05:28,027 --> 01:05:30,374
ON, STARTING WITH THE USDA,
2385
01:05:30,374 --> 01:05:32,825
WHICH IS PROMOTING COMMODITY
2386
01:05:32,825 --> 01:05:34,861
AGRICULTURE, SO THERE IS A LOT
2387
01:05:34,861 --> 01:05:37,692
OF ECONOMIC PRESSURE ON THE
2388
01:05:37,692 --> 01:05:40,005
PEOPLE AT NIH, ON THE PEOPLE IN
2389
01:05:40,005 --> 01:05:41,523
THE UNIVERSITIES WHO CARRY OUT
2390
01:05:41,523 --> 01:05:42,731
THE STUDIES FOR NIH.
2391
01:05:42,731 --> 01:05:46,356
>> THEY LIVE BY THEIR GRANTS.
2392
01:05:46,356 --> 01:05:48,945
NO GRANTS, NO WORK, NO JOB.
2393
01:05:48,945 --> 01:05:50,429
>> DR. KILMER McCULLY, A
2394
01:05:50,429 --> 01:05:51,948
RESEARCHER AT HARVARD, WENT
2395
01:05:51,948 --> 01:05:53,363
AGAINST THE PREVAILING THEORY
2396
01:05:53,363 --> 01:05:54,916
AND PUBLISHED A STUDY CONCLUDING
2397
01:05:54,916 --> 01:05:56,124
THAT SOMETHING OTHER THAN
2398
01:05:56,124 --> 01:05:57,574
CHOLESTEROL WAS CAUSING HEART
2399
01:05:57,574 --> 01:05:58,471
DISEASE.
2400
01:05:58,471 --> 01:06:00,059
HIS REWARD FOR THIS BIT OF
2401
01:06:00,059 --> 01:06:01,888
SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY WAS TO BE
2402
01:06:01,888 --> 01:06:03,407
DENIED TENURE, LOSE ALL HIS
2403
01:06:03,407 --> 01:06:05,133
RESEARCH GRANTS, AND GET SHOVED
2404
01:06:05,133 --> 01:06:06,893
INTO A LITTLE LABORATORY IN THE
2405
01:06:06,893 --> 01:06:07,722
BASEMENT.
2406
01:06:07,722 --> 01:06:09,862
IN ACADEMIA, THAT'S A POLITE WAY
2407
01:06:09,862 --> 01:06:11,622
OF SAYING, "YOU'RE FIRED."
2408
01:06:11,622 --> 01:06:12,969
HE ALSO ENDED UP ON AN
2409
01:06:12,969 --> 01:06:14,556
UNOFFICIAL BLACKLIST, AND IT
2410
01:06:14,556 --> 01:06:16,075
TOOK HIM TWO YEARS TO FIND
2411
01:06:16,075 --> 01:06:18,215
ANOTHER JOB AS A RESEARCHER.
2412
01:06:18,215 --> 01:06:19,906
>> A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE BUILT
2413
01:06:19,906 --> 01:06:21,632
CAREERS ON THIS, AND THESE ARE
2414
01:06:21,632 --> 01:06:23,289
CAREERS BUILT ON A VERY SHAKY
2415
01:06:23,289 --> 01:06:24,670
FACTUAL FOUNDATION.
2416
01:06:24,670 --> 01:06:28,536
>> THERE'S A REASONABLE REASON
2417
01:06:28,536 --> 01:06:29,468
TO BELIEVE THAT FROM THE
2418
01:06:29,468 --> 01:06:32,160
BEGINNING, BUT TO PERSIST IN THE
2419
01:06:32,160 --> 01:06:33,851
FACE OF SO MUCH OVERWHELMING
2420
01:06:33,851 --> 01:06:35,750
EVIDENCE REALLY CAN'T BE BASED
2421
01:06:35,750 --> 01:06:37,821
ON SCIENCE, AND YOU HAVE TO
2422
01:06:37,821 --> 01:06:38,615
THINK THAT THERE WERE OTHER
2423
01:06:38,615 --> 01:06:40,341
FACTORS INVOLVED.
2424
01:06:40,341 --> 01:06:43,068
IT BECAME AN INDUSTRY.
2425
01:06:43,068 --> 01:06:44,931
>> IN THE 1980s, THE NATIONAL
2426
01:06:44,931 --> 01:06:46,726
CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM
2427
01:06:46,726 --> 01:06:48,245
RELEASED NEW GUIDELINES THAT
2428
01:06:48,245 --> 01:06:49,902
SAID EVERYONE'S CHOLESTEROL
2429
01:06:49,902 --> 01:06:51,800
SHOULD BE BELOW 200, WHICH WAS
2430
01:06:51,800 --> 01:06:54,044
ABOUT 20 POINTS BELOW NORMAL.
2431
01:06:54,044 --> 01:06:55,425
AND HERE'S A STRANGE
2432
01:06:55,425 --> 01:06:57,220
COINCIDENCE -- MOST OF THE
2433
01:06:57,220 --> 01:06:58,669
SCIENTISTS WHO WROTE THOSE
2434
01:06:58,669 --> 01:07:00,361
GUIDELINES JUST HAPPENED TO HAVE
2435
01:07:00,361 --> 01:07:01,914
A FINANCIAL RELATIONSHIP WITH
2436
01:07:01,914 --> 01:07:03,191
THE COMPANIES THAT MAKE
2437
01:07:03,191 --> 01:07:04,882
CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DRUGS
2438
01:07:04,882 --> 01:07:06,298
CALLED STATINS.
2439
01:07:06,298 --> 01:07:07,920
MANY OF THE STUDIES THAT CLAIMED
2440
01:07:07,920 --> 01:07:09,439
A LOW-FAT DIET IS GOOD FOR YOUR
2441
01:07:09,439 --> 01:07:10,716
HEART WERE FUNDED BY THE
2442
01:07:10,716 --> 01:07:12,407
AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION,
2443
01:07:12,407 --> 01:07:14,064
WHICH EARNS MILLIONS OF DOLLARS
2444
01:07:14,064 --> 01:07:15,617
LICENSING ITS HEART-CHECK
2445
01:07:15,617 --> 01:07:18,034
LOGO TO HEALTHY, LOW-FAT FOODS
2446
01:07:18,034 --> 01:07:19,897
LIKE COCOA PUFFS.
2447
01:07:19,897 --> 01:07:21,968
IF THE LIPID HYPOTHESIS EVER
2448
01:07:21,968 --> 01:07:24,281
GOES AWAY, THAT LOGO JUST BECAME
2449
01:07:24,281 --> 01:07:25,144
WORTHLESS.
2450
01:07:25,144 --> 01:07:27,215
>> GIVE THIS ANOTHER DECADE, AND
2451
01:07:27,215 --> 01:07:29,183
THAT HYPOTHESIS WILL BE ON THE
2452
01:07:29,183 --> 01:07:31,047
JUNK PILE OF HISTORY BECAUSE
2453
01:07:31,047 --> 01:07:31,978
IT'S NOT TRUE.
2454
01:07:31,978 --> 01:07:33,773
>> OKAY, SO MAYBE THE LIPID
2455
01:07:33,773 --> 01:07:35,568
HYPOTHESIS ISN'T TRUE.
2456
01:07:35,568 --> 01:07:36,466
SO WHAT?
2457
01:07:36,466 --> 01:07:38,088
WHAT COULD POSSIBLY BE WRONG
2458
01:07:38,088 --> 01:07:39,779
WITH CUTTING BACK ON SATURATED
2459
01:07:39,779 --> 01:07:41,540
FAT AND GETTING YOUR CHOLESTEROL
2460
01:07:41,540 --> 01:07:42,851
AS LOW AS POSSIBLE?
2461
01:07:42,851 --> 01:07:44,612
>> WE NOW HAVE THIS TERRIBLE
2462
01:07:44,612 --> 01:07:48,305
PHOBIA OF FAT -- OF ANIMAL FAT
2463
01:07:48,305 --> 01:07:49,651
WHICH THE BODY NEEDS TO BE
2464
01:07:49,651 --> 01:07:50,928
NORMAL, TO BE HEALTHY.
2465
01:07:50,928 --> 01:07:52,068
>> YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM IS
2466
01:07:52,068 --> 01:07:53,345
FAT-DEPENDENT.
2467
01:07:53,345 --> 01:07:55,071
YOUR BRAIN IS FAT-DEPENDENT.
2468
01:07:55,071 --> 01:07:56,313
YOUR SKIN, YOUR HAIR, YOUR
2469
01:07:56,313 --> 01:07:57,659
NAILS -- ALL THESE THINGS ARE
2470
01:07:57,659 --> 01:07:58,867
FAT-DEPENDENT.
2471
01:07:58,867 --> 01:08:00,835
YOUR SEX HORMONES ARE
2472
01:08:00,835 --> 01:08:01,629
FAT-DEPENDENT, ARE
2473
01:08:01,629 --> 01:08:02,699
CHOLESTEROL-DEPENDENT.
2474
01:08:02,699 --> 01:08:03,493
THEY'RE MADE SORT OF ON A
2475
01:08:03,493 --> 01:08:04,701
CHOLESTEROL MOLECULE.
2476
01:08:04,701 --> 01:08:07,255
>> IF YOU ARE ELDERLY, OVER THE
2477
01:08:07,255 --> 01:08:09,050
AGE OF 60, AND IF YOU'RE A WOMAN
2478
01:08:09,050 --> 01:08:11,915
OF ANY AGE, THE CHOLESTEROL IS A
2479
01:08:11,915 --> 01:08:13,089
COMPLETE NON-ISSUE.
2480
01:08:13,089 --> 01:08:13,986
IN FACT, THE HIGHER YOUR
2481
01:08:13,986 --> 01:08:16,057
CHOLESTEROL, THE LONGER YOU
2482
01:08:16,057 --> 01:08:18,439
LIVE, AND THIS SHOWS UP IN STUDY
2483
01:08:18,439 --> 01:08:19,233
AFTER STUDY.
2484
01:08:19,233 --> 01:08:20,820
>> AND YET, IN SPITE OF THOSE
2485
01:08:20,820 --> 01:08:22,201
STUDIES, DRUGS THAT LOWER
2486
01:08:22,201 --> 01:08:23,823
CHOLESTEROL ARE BEING MARKETED
2487
01:08:23,823 --> 01:08:24,859
TO WOMEN.
2488
01:08:24,859 --> 01:08:26,309
BUT TAKE A GOOD LOOK AT THAT
2489
01:08:26,309 --> 01:08:28,587
LITTLE DISCLAIMER.
2490
01:08:28,587 --> 01:08:30,106
IF IT DOESN'T PREVENT HEART
2491
01:08:30,106 --> 01:08:31,797
DISEASE, WHY ON EARTH WOULD YOU
2492
01:08:31,797 --> 01:08:33,833
TAKE SUCH A POWERFUL DRUG?
2493
01:08:33,833 --> 01:08:35,145
>> THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO
2494
01:08:35,145 --> 01:08:38,700
BENEFIT FOR WOMEN OF ANY AGE IN
2495
01:08:38,700 --> 01:08:39,977
TAKING STATINS.
2496
01:08:39,977 --> 01:08:41,772
I MEAN, STATINS ARE A WASTE OF
2497
01:08:41,772 --> 01:08:42,704
MONEY FOR WOMEN.
2498
01:08:42,704 --> 01:08:43,774
>> THERE ARE SOME REAL PROBLEMS
2499
01:08:43,774 --> 01:08:45,569
WITH TAKING STATINS -- MEMORY
2500
01:08:45,569 --> 01:08:47,916
LOSS, MUSCLE PROBLEMS,
2501
01:08:47,916 --> 01:08:49,539
OSTEOPOROSIS IN WOMEN.
2502
01:08:49,539 --> 01:08:50,505
I MEAN, THERE ARE A LOT OF
2503
01:08:50,505 --> 01:08:51,955
REASONS THAT YOU WOULDN'T WANT
2504
01:08:51,955 --> 01:08:53,232
TO TAKE STATIN DRUGS.
2505
01:08:53,232 --> 01:08:55,096
>> AND LOW CHOLESTEROL IS A
2506
01:08:55,096 --> 01:08:57,754
PREDICTOR FOR DEPRESSION,
2507
01:08:57,754 --> 01:09:00,136
SUICIDE, VIOLENT BEHAVIOR,
2508
01:09:00,136 --> 01:09:01,861
STROKES, AND CANCER.
2509
01:09:01,861 --> 01:09:03,035
IT'S MUCH BETTER TO HAVE HIGH
2510
01:09:03,035 --> 01:09:03,932
CHOLESTEROL THAN LOWER
2511
01:09:03,932 --> 01:09:04,795
CHOLESTEROL.
2512
01:09:04,795 --> 01:09:06,556
>> LIKE MOST PEOPLE, I LOVE THE
2513
01:09:06,556 --> 01:09:07,729
TASTE OF FAT.
2514
01:09:07,729 --> 01:09:09,455
HUMAN BEINGS CAN'T LIVE WITHOUT
2515
01:09:09,455 --> 01:09:11,147
PROTEIN, AND IN NATURE, PROTEIN
2516
01:09:11,147 --> 01:09:13,390
IS USUALLY SURROUNDED WITH FAT.
2517
01:09:13,390 --> 01:09:15,081
MAYBE MOTHER NATURE ACTUALLY
2518
01:09:15,081 --> 01:09:16,600
KNEW WHAT SHE WAS DOING.
2519
01:09:16,600 --> 01:09:18,292
MAYBE THERE'S A REASON LOW-FAT
2520
01:09:18,292 --> 01:09:19,741
DIETS ALWAYS MADE ME FEEL
2521
01:09:19,741 --> 01:09:20,501
DEPRESSED.
2522
01:09:20,501 --> 01:09:22,503
>> THE BRAIN IS BASICALLY MADE
2523
01:09:22,503 --> 01:09:23,297
OF FAT.
2524
01:09:23,297 --> 01:09:24,332
THEY SAY YOU'RE A FAT HEAD.
2525
01:09:24,332 --> 01:09:25,540
THEY WERE NOT KIDDING.
2526
01:09:25,540 --> 01:09:26,955
AND WHEN YOU GO ON A DIET THAT
2527
01:09:26,955 --> 01:09:28,336
ELIMINATES MOST FAT, TAKES YOU
2528
01:09:28,336 --> 01:09:30,304
DOWN TO, SAY, 10% OF FAT, YOU
2529
01:09:30,304 --> 01:09:32,961
HAVE BASICALLY ROBBED THE BODY
2530
01:09:32,961 --> 01:09:34,653
OF THE RAW MATERIALS THAT ARE
2531
01:09:34,653 --> 01:09:38,139
NECESSARY FOR IT TO BE HAPPY.
2532
01:09:38,139 --> 01:09:41,142
>> THERE'S PROBABLY NO
2533
01:09:41,142 --> 01:09:42,971
COINCIDENCE THAT BACK A COUPLE
2534
01:09:42,971 --> 01:09:44,559
OF DECADES AGO, WHEN THE LOW-FAT
2535
01:09:44,559 --> 01:09:46,630
DIET WAS THE REAL RAGE, IF YOU
2536
01:09:46,630 --> 01:09:47,804
WENT TO BOOKSTORES, WHAT YOU
2537
01:09:47,804 --> 01:09:49,150
SAW IS ALL THESE BOOKS ON
2538
01:09:49,150 --> 01:09:50,600
LOW-FAT DIETING, AND YOU SAW ALL
2539
01:09:50,600 --> 01:09:51,911
THESE BOOKS ON DEPRESSION
2540
01:09:51,911 --> 01:09:53,430
BECAUSE EVERYBODY WAS DEPRESSED.
2541
01:09:53,430 --> 01:09:54,949
>> WHEN I LOAD UP ON PROTEINS
2542
01:09:54,949 --> 01:09:56,675
AND ANIMAL FATS, I DON'T FEEL
2543
01:09:56,675 --> 01:09:59,229
HUNGRY AND I DO FEEL GOOD, SO
2544
01:09:59,229 --> 01:10:00,989
ON THIS DIET, I'M IGNORING THE
2545
01:10:00,989 --> 01:10:01,921
EXPERTS.
2546
01:10:01,921 --> 01:10:05,097
EXPERTS.
LOOK AT ALL THAT SATURATED FAT.
2547
01:10:05,097 --> 01:10:14,071
LOOK AT ALL THAT SATURATED FAT.
2548
01:10:14,071 --> 01:10:18,248
THIS IS MY PASSOVER DINNER
2549
01:10:18,248 --> 01:10:21,424
FROM JACK IN THE BOX.
2550
01:10:21,424 --> 01:10:25,876
FROM JACK IN THE BOX.
SOURDOUGH CHICKEN SANDWICH.
2551
01:10:25,876 --> 01:10:58,254
SOURDOUGH CHICKEN SANDWICH.
2552
01:10:58,254 --> 01:10:59,324
HERE'S THE GOOD THING ABOUT
2553
01:10:59,324 --> 01:11:00,325
BEING MIDDLE-AGED.
2554
01:11:00,325 --> 01:11:01,878
DO I KNOW THESE SUNGLASSES LOOK
2555
01:11:01,878 --> 01:11:02,948
RIDICULOUS?
2556
01:11:02,948 --> 01:11:03,880
YES.
2557
01:11:03,880 --> 01:11:06,572
DO I CARE? NO.
2558
01:11:06,572 --> 01:11:07,780
MY 2-YEAR-OLD DIDN'T FEEL LIKE
2559
01:11:07,780 --> 01:11:09,817
SLEEPING LAST NIGHT, SO I HAD TO
2560
01:11:09,817 --> 01:11:11,301
GET UP WITH HER A FEW TIMES, AND
2561
01:11:11,301 --> 01:11:13,096
I ENDED UP SLEEPING IN TOO LATE
2562
01:11:13,096 --> 01:11:15,167
TO GET BREAKFAST.
2563
01:11:15,167 --> 01:11:16,202
THAT'S THE BAD NEWS.
2564
01:11:16,202 --> 01:11:17,618
THE GOOD NEWS IS, IT'S GONNA BE
2565
01:11:17,618 --> 01:11:19,896
A BIG LUNCH.
2566
01:11:19,896 --> 01:11:21,311
>> WELCOME TO JACK IN THE BOX.
2567
01:11:21,311 --> 01:11:22,312
HOW CAN I HELP YOU?
2568
01:11:22,312 --> 01:11:23,727
>> A BACON ULTIMATE CHEESEBURGER
2569
01:11:23,727 --> 01:11:26,696
AND A DIET SODA, PLEASE.
2570
01:11:26,696 --> 01:11:29,561
MEDIUM DIET COKE, MAKE THAT.
2571
01:11:29,561 --> 01:11:31,010
>> A BACON ULTIMATE CHEESEBURGER
2572
01:11:31,010 --> 01:11:32,080
AND A MEDIUM DIET COKE?
2573
01:11:32,080 --> 01:11:32,978
>> THAT'S RIGHT.
2574
01:11:32,978 --> 01:11:34,290
>> PLEASE COME TO THE NEXT
2575
01:11:34,290 --> 01:11:35,670
WINDOW.
2576
01:11:35,670 --> 01:11:37,327
>> GO ON A SHOPPING TRIP AT YOUR
2577
01:11:37,327 --> 01:11:38,846
LOCAL NATURAL-FOOD STORE, AND
2578
01:11:38,846 --> 01:11:40,123
YOU'LL FIND THE SHELVES
2579
01:11:40,123 --> 01:11:41,814
JAM-PACKED WITH PROCESSED
2580
01:11:41,814 --> 01:11:43,954
VEGETABLE OILS, BUT WHAT EXACTLY
2581
01:11:43,954 --> 01:11:45,680
IS NATURAL ABOUT THEM?
2582
01:11:45,680 --> 01:11:47,199
WOULD HUMAN BEINGS LIVING IN THE
2583
01:11:47,199 --> 01:11:49,512
WILD EVER CONSUME OILS THAT CAME
2584
01:11:49,512 --> 01:11:51,479
FROM SOYBEANS OR CORN?
2585
01:11:51,479 --> 01:11:53,032
>> WE'VE NEVER HAD THESE IN THE
2586
01:11:53,032 --> 01:11:54,655
HUMAN DIET IN THE HISTORY OF THE
2587
01:11:54,655 --> 01:11:55,276
WORLD.
2588
01:11:55,276 --> 01:11:56,277
>> WHERE DO YOU GET FAT FROM
2589
01:11:56,277 --> 01:11:57,105
CORN?
2590
01:11:57,105 --> 01:11:58,590
IF YOU TAKE CORN AND PUT IT IN A
2591
01:11:58,590 --> 01:12:00,316
THING AND SQUEEZE IT, YOU DON'T
2592
01:12:00,316 --> 01:12:01,800
GET CORN FAT OUT OF IT, YOU
2593
01:12:01,800 --> 01:12:02,594
DON'T GET CORN OIL.
2594
01:12:02,594 --> 01:12:04,527
YOU'VE GOT TO CHEMICALLY EXTRACT
2595
01:12:04,527 --> 01:12:06,080
THE OIL FROM CORN TO GET IT.
2596
01:12:06,080 --> 01:12:07,392
>> UNTIL THAT PROCESS WAS
2597
01:12:07,392 --> 01:12:08,945
DEVELOPED, YOU DIDN'T HAVE ALL
2598
01:12:08,945 --> 01:12:10,878
OF THESE VEGETABLE -- SOYBEAN
2599
01:12:10,878 --> 01:12:12,949
OIL AND CORN OIL AND COTTONSEED
2600
01:12:12,949 --> 01:12:14,468
OIL AND ALL THESE THINGS.
2601
01:12:14,468 --> 01:12:15,917
HUMANS DIDN'T EAT THAT STUFF.
2602
01:12:15,917 --> 01:12:17,263
>> THE STUDIES THAT CAME IN ON
2603
01:12:17,263 --> 01:12:18,713
THE CORN OIL SHOWED THAT IT WAS
2604
01:12:18,713 --> 01:12:20,750
A DISASTER, THAT IT CAUSED
2605
01:12:20,750 --> 01:12:21,337
CANCER.
2606
01:12:21,337 --> 01:12:23,960
IF YOU GAVE CARCINOGENS TO RATS
2607
01:12:23,960 --> 01:12:25,341
WHO WERE FED CORN OIL, THEY
2608
01:12:25,341 --> 01:12:26,721
DEVELOPED CANCER.
2609
01:12:26,721 --> 01:12:28,344
IF THE RATS WERE FED COCONUT OIL
2610
01:12:28,344 --> 01:12:29,345
OR TALLOW, THEY DIDN'T GET
2611
01:12:29,345 --> 01:12:30,207
CANCER.
2612
01:12:30,207 --> 01:12:31,933
>> AND IT'S NOT JUST CANCER.
2613
01:12:31,933 --> 01:12:33,556
AFTER THE EXPERTS CONVINCED
2614
01:12:33,556 --> 01:12:35,212
MILLIONS OF AMERICANS TO SWITCH
2615
01:12:35,212 --> 01:12:36,524
FROM BUTTER AND LARD TO
2616
01:12:36,524 --> 01:12:38,250
MARGARINE AND VEGETABLE OILS,
2617
01:12:38,250 --> 01:12:40,079
HEART DISEASE WENT UP.
2618
01:12:40,079 --> 01:12:41,771
HOW CAN THAT BE?
2619
01:12:41,771 --> 01:12:43,807
AFTER ALL, VEGETABLE OILS ARE
2620
01:12:43,807 --> 01:12:45,361
CHOLESTEROL FREE.
2621
01:12:45,361 --> 01:12:47,328
>> WE, AS HUMANS, ARE NOT USED
2622
01:12:47,328 --> 01:12:49,088
TO EATING THOSE FATS IN THE
2623
01:12:49,088 --> 01:12:50,020
QUANTITIES THAT WE'VE BEEN
2624
01:12:50,020 --> 01:12:50,676
EATING THEM.
2625
01:12:50,676 --> 01:12:52,920
I MEAN, THAT'S WHAT'S CALLED AN
2626
01:12:52,920 --> 01:12:53,990
OMEGA-6 FAT.
2627
01:12:53,990 --> 01:12:55,716
OMEGA-6 FATS ARE
2628
01:12:55,716 --> 01:12:57,096
PRO-INFLAMMATORY -- THEY CAUSE
2629
01:12:57,096 --> 01:12:57,925
INFLAMMATION.
2630
01:12:57,925 --> 01:12:59,167
WE NEED SOME OF THEM, BUT WE
2631
01:12:59,167 --> 01:13:00,376
DON'T NEED A WHOLE LOT OF THEM.
2632
01:13:00,376 --> 01:13:01,998
>> BUT WE DO EAT A WHOLE LOT OF
2633
01:13:01,998 --> 01:13:03,586
THEM, AND THOSE UNNATURAL FATS
2634
01:13:03,586 --> 01:13:05,208
CAN CAUSE THE INFLAMMATION THAT
2635
01:13:05,208 --> 01:13:06,830
LEADS TO HEART DISEASE,
2636
01:13:06,830 --> 01:13:08,763
ESPECIALLY THE MOST UNNATURAL
2637
01:13:08,763 --> 01:13:10,489
FAT OF ALL -- PARTIALLY
2638
01:13:10,489 --> 01:13:12,353
HYDROGENATED VEGETABLE OILS,
2639
01:13:12,353 --> 01:13:15,080
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS TRANS FATS.
2640
01:13:15,080 --> 01:13:16,253
>> IT GIVES YOU THE COOKING
2641
01:13:16,253 --> 01:13:17,185
PROPERTIES YOU NEED, THE
2642
01:13:17,185 --> 01:13:18,877
FLAKINESS IN BISCUITS AND THE
2643
01:13:18,877 --> 01:13:20,292
CHEWINESS IN BREAD AND THE
2644
01:13:20,292 --> 01:13:21,431
THINGS THAT YOU LOOK FOR FROM A
2645
01:13:21,431 --> 01:13:24,089
SATURATED FAT, BUT IT DOESN'T
2646
01:13:24,089 --> 01:13:25,608
BEHAVE AS A SATURATED FAT IN THE
2647
01:13:25,608 --> 01:13:26,056
BODY.
2648
01:13:26,056 --> 01:13:27,541
AND THE BODY ACTUALLY WILL TAKE
2649
01:13:27,541 --> 01:13:29,059
IT OUT VERY READILY AND PACK IT
2650
01:13:29,059 --> 01:13:31,752
INTO THE CELL MEMBRANES, WHICH
2651
01:13:31,752 --> 01:13:33,685
THEN BECOME STIFF AND INFLEXIBLE
2652
01:13:33,685 --> 01:13:35,100
AND CAN'T DO THEIR JOB.
2653
01:13:35,100 --> 01:13:37,378
>> THE CENTER FOR SCIENCE IN THE
2654
01:13:37,378 --> 01:13:39,380
PUBLIC INTEREST RECENTLY FILED A
2655
01:13:39,380 --> 01:13:41,417
LAWSUIT AGAINST KFC FOR USING
2656
01:13:41,417 --> 01:13:43,695
TRANS FATS TO FRY CHICKEN, AND
2657
01:13:43,695 --> 01:13:45,248
PRETTY MUCH EVERYONE AGREES THAT
2658
01:13:45,248 --> 01:13:47,664
TRANS FATS ARE BAD NEWS, SO WHY
2659
01:13:47,664 --> 01:13:48,941
DO THE RESTAURANTS EVEN USE
2660
01:13:48,941 --> 01:13:49,494
THEM?
2661
01:13:49,494 --> 01:13:50,736
>> THE OLD McDONALD'S FRENCH
2662
01:13:50,736 --> 01:13:52,082
FRIES, FOR EXAMPLE, WERE COOKED
2663
01:13:52,082 --> 01:13:54,291
IN BEEF TALLOW, WHICH IS A
2664
01:13:54,291 --> 01:13:55,741
SATURATED FAT THAT'S GOT LOTS OF
2665
01:13:55,741 --> 01:13:56,880
STEARIC ACID IN IT.
2666
01:13:56,880 --> 01:13:59,883
STEARIC ACID IS A LONG-CHAIN
2667
01:13:59,883 --> 01:14:01,678
SATURATED FAT THAT'S BEEN SHOWN
2668
01:14:01,678 --> 01:14:04,094
TO ACTUALLY EITHER LOWER OR HAVE
2669
01:14:04,094 --> 01:14:05,371
NO EFFECT ON CHOLESTEROL.
2670
01:14:05,371 --> 01:14:06,718
IT'S A PRETTY INNOCUOUS FAT.
2671
01:14:06,718 --> 01:14:07,753
>> THEY HAD VERY
2672
01:14:07,753 --> 01:14:09,548
WELL-PUBLICIZED, VERY CAREFULLY
2673
01:14:09,548 --> 01:14:11,619
ORCHESTRATED PROTESTS OUTSIDE OF
2674
01:14:11,619 --> 01:14:12,827
McDONALD'S AND THE OTHER
2675
01:14:12,827 --> 01:14:13,725
FAST-FOOD CHAINS.
2676
01:14:13,725 --> 01:14:15,623
>> TOOK OUT PETITIONS AND WENT
2677
01:14:15,623 --> 01:14:18,902
AFTER THEM, AND THEY MADE THEM
2678
01:14:18,902 --> 01:14:19,662
CHANGE.
2679
01:14:19,662 --> 01:14:21,284
AND WHAT THEY MADE THEM CHANGE
2680
01:14:21,284 --> 01:14:22,768
TO, OF COURSE, WAS PARTIALLY
2681
01:14:22,768 --> 01:14:24,874
HYDROGENATED VEGETABLE FAT.
2682
01:14:24,874 --> 01:14:26,531
AND HE CAME UP WITH ONE OF HIS
2683
01:14:26,531 --> 01:14:28,084
PAPERS WHICH SAID, "TRANS FATTY
2684
01:14:28,084 --> 01:14:30,258
ACIDS -- NOT GUILTY AS CHARGED,"
2685
01:14:30,258 --> 01:14:31,984
AND DISTRIBUTED ALL OF THIS.
2686
01:14:31,984 --> 01:14:34,780
HE WAS THE HEAD OF THE CSPI, AND
2687
01:14:34,780 --> 01:14:36,437
THEY'RE STILL IN THEIR JOURNALS.
2688
01:14:36,437 --> 01:14:38,439
IN OTHER WORDS, ALL YOU HAVE TO
2689
01:14:38,439 --> 01:14:39,820
DO IS GO TAKE A LOOK AT IT, AND
2690
01:14:39,820 --> 01:14:41,511
THEY SAID, "TRANS FATTY ACIDS --
2691
01:14:41,511 --> 01:14:43,444
NOT GUILTY AS CHARGED."
2692
01:14:43,444 --> 01:14:45,308
>> SO, THEIR BIG JIHAD TO GET
2693
01:14:45,308 --> 01:14:47,172
RID OF SATURATED FAT ENDED UP
2694
01:14:47,172 --> 01:14:48,725
MAKING EVERYBODY SWITCH TO TRANS
2695
01:14:48,725 --> 01:14:49,208
FATS.
2696
01:14:49,208 --> 01:14:50,831
>> SOMEBODY EVIDENTLY SAID TO
2697
01:14:50,831 --> 01:14:52,384
THEM, "YOU'RE WRONG.
2698
01:14:52,384 --> 01:14:54,420
THERE'S SOMETHING WRONG WITH THE
2699
01:14:54,420 --> 01:14:55,732
TRANS FATTY ACIDS."
2700
01:14:55,732 --> 01:14:57,493
AND THEY DID AN ABOUT-FACE.
2701
01:14:57,493 --> 01:14:59,771
>> NOW THE SAME GROUP, THE CSPI,
2702
01:14:59,771 --> 01:15:01,220
IS GOING AFTER PEOPLE FOR USING
2703
01:15:01,220 --> 01:15:02,808
TRANS FATS, AND THEY'RE ONLY
2704
01:15:02,808 --> 01:15:04,327
USING THE TRANS FATS BECAUSE
2705
01:15:04,327 --> 01:15:05,501
THEY WENT AFTER THEM FOR USING
2706
01:15:05,501 --> 01:15:06,674
THE SATURATED FATS IN THE FIRST
2707
01:15:06,674 --> 01:15:07,123
PLACE.
2708
01:15:07,123 --> 01:15:08,745
>> AND THEY LIED, AND THEY SAID,
2709
01:15:08,745 --> 01:15:10,575
"OH, WE'VE BEEN TELLING YOU ALL
2710
01:15:10,575 --> 01:15:12,473
ALONG THAT THE TRANS FATTY ACIDS
2711
01:15:12,473 --> 01:15:13,992
WERE A PROBLEM."
2712
01:15:13,992 --> 01:15:17,202
AND THEY JUST SIMPLY LIED.
2713
01:15:17,202 --> 01:15:18,686
>> APPARENTLY, BELIEVING THAT
2714
01:15:18,686 --> 01:15:20,239
PEOPLE WERE BASING THEIR DIETS
2715
01:15:20,239 --> 01:15:22,000
ON $10 BUCKETS OF MOVIE
2716
01:15:22,000 --> 01:15:24,416
POPCORN, CSPI SCARED PEOPLE AWAY
2717
01:15:24,416 --> 01:15:26,349
FROM A PERFECTLY NATURAL,
2718
01:15:26,349 --> 01:15:27,661
HEALTHY FAT.
2719
01:15:27,661 --> 01:15:29,110
>> THE STUDY FOUND 70% OF ALL
2720
01:15:29,110 --> 01:15:30,767
THEATERS TESTED STILL POPPING
2721
01:15:30,767 --> 01:15:32,389
WITH HIGH-FAT COCONUT OIL.
2722
01:15:32,389 --> 01:15:34,219
>> THE SCARE WAS INVENTED BY
2723
01:15:34,219 --> 01:15:35,496
CENTER FOR SCIENCE IN THE PUBLIC
2724
01:15:35,496 --> 01:15:37,533
INTEREST, WHO, BY THEIR OWN
2725
01:15:37,533 --> 01:15:40,259
ADMISSION, WAS BEING SUPPORTED
2726
01:15:40,259 --> 01:15:41,916
BY THE SOY INDUSTRY.
2727
01:15:41,916 --> 01:15:43,193
>> IT'S A SATURATED FAT, BUT
2728
01:15:43,193 --> 01:15:44,574
IT'S A GOOD KIND OF SATURATED
2729
01:15:44,574 --> 01:15:44,954
FAT.
2730
01:15:44,954 --> 01:15:46,196
IT'S GOT LAURIC ACID IN IT,
2731
01:15:46,196 --> 01:15:47,543
WHICH IS A GOOD SORT OF
2732
01:15:47,543 --> 01:15:49,406
IMMUNE-ENHANCING SATURATED FAT.
2733
01:15:49,406 --> 01:15:50,235
I MEAN, THERE'S NOTHING IN THE
2734
01:15:50,235 --> 01:15:51,788
WORLD WRONG WITH COCONUT OIL.
2735
01:15:51,788 --> 01:15:53,341
>> THEY WANTED THE MOVIE
2736
01:15:53,341 --> 01:15:54,998
THEATERS TO USE PARTIALLY
2737
01:15:54,998 --> 01:15:56,310
HYDROGENATED SOYBEAN OIL
2738
01:15:56,310 --> 01:15:57,449
INSTEAD OF COCONUT OIL.
2739
01:15:57,449 --> 01:15:58,554
>> AND WHAT DOES IT GET REPLACED
2740
01:15:58,554 --> 01:15:58,830
WITH?
2741
01:15:58,830 --> 01:16:01,591
TRANS FATS THAT ARE MUCH WORSE.
2742
01:16:01,591 --> 01:16:02,972
>> THANKS TO THE EXPERTS, THE
2743
01:16:02,972 --> 01:16:04,698
POLITICIANS, AND THE RADICAL
2744
01:16:04,698 --> 01:16:06,631
VEGETARIAN NUTCASES, WE'VE BEEN
2745
01:16:06,631 --> 01:16:08,287
SCARED AWAY FROM PERFECTLY
2746
01:16:08,287 --> 01:16:10,117
NATURAL ANIMAL FATS THAT KEPT US
2747
01:16:10,117 --> 01:16:12,084
HEALTHY FOR MILLIONS OF YEARS.
2748
01:16:12,084 --> 01:16:13,569
WE SCARED MEN AWAY FROM
2749
01:16:13,569 --> 01:16:15,432
SATURATED FAT, WHICH HELPS TO
2750
01:16:15,432 --> 01:16:17,434
PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE, AND NOW WE
2751
01:16:17,434 --> 01:16:18,608
TAKE VIAGRA.
2752
01:16:18,608 --> 01:16:20,265
WE SCARED PARENTS INTO GIVING
2753
01:16:20,265 --> 01:16:22,060
THEIR KIDS SKIM MILK WHILE THEIR
2754
01:16:22,060 --> 01:16:23,579
BRAINS ARE GROWING, AND NOW
2755
01:16:23,579 --> 01:16:24,856
WE'VE GOT KIDS WHO CAN'T
2756
01:16:24,856 --> 01:16:26,478
CONCENTRATE AND TAKE DRUGS FOR
2757
01:16:26,478 --> 01:16:27,721
A.D.D.
2758
01:16:27,721 --> 01:16:29,723
AND WORSE, THE EXPERTS CONVINCED
2759
01:16:29,723 --> 01:16:31,690
US TO SWITCH TO HIGHLY PROCESSED
2760
01:16:31,690 --> 01:16:33,554
AND COMPLETELY UNNATURAL FATS
2761
01:16:33,554 --> 01:16:35,487
THAT CAUSE INFLAMMATION, WEAKEN
2762
01:16:35,487 --> 01:16:37,351
OUR CELLS, AND MAKE US SICK.
2763
01:16:37,351 --> 01:16:42,080
>> THIS WAS ALL BEING PUSHED AND
2764
01:16:42,080 --> 01:16:44,876
ADVOCATED BY PEOPLE THAT
2765
01:16:44,876 --> 01:16:47,948
AMERICANS TRUSTED -- BY OUR
2766
01:16:47,948 --> 01:16:49,743
GOVERNMENT, BY PEOPLE WEARING
2767
01:16:49,743 --> 01:16:51,676
WHITE COATS, SCIENTISTS AND
2768
01:16:51,676 --> 01:16:52,400
DOCTORS.
2769
01:16:52,400 --> 01:16:54,264
AND THEY WERE WRONG.
2770
01:16:54,264 --> 01:16:56,750
THEY WERE SIMPLY WRONG, AND WE
2771
01:16:56,750 --> 01:16:59,166
ARE REAPING THE WHIRLWIND OF THE
2772
01:16:59,166 --> 01:17:00,892
ARE REAPING THE WHIRLWIND OF THE
CONSEQUENCES TODAY.
2773
01:17:00,892 --> 01:17:10,626
CONSEQUENCES TODAY.
2774
01:17:10,626 --> 01:17:12,213
>> WHAT ARE YOU DOING?
2775
01:17:12,213 --> 01:17:13,421
>> WELL, I THOUGHT PEOPLE WOULD
2776
01:17:13,421 --> 01:17:14,457
WANT TO HEAR THE DETAILS ON
2777
01:17:14,457 --> 01:17:15,423
EXACTLY HOW THIS DIET IS
2778
01:17:15,423 --> 01:17:16,390
AFFECTING OUR SEX LIFE.
2779
01:17:16,390 --> 01:17:17,633
I WAS KIND OF HOPING YOU COULD
2780
01:17:17,633 --> 01:17:21,015
TALK ABOUT THAT.
2781
01:17:21,015 --> 01:17:22,361
>> ARE YOU A MORON?
2782
01:17:22,361 --> 01:17:24,778
>> ARE YOU A MORON?
>> [ LAUGHS ]
2783
01:17:24,778 --> 01:17:31,957
>> [ LAUGHS ]
2784
01:17:31,957 --> 01:17:36,410
>> ♪ SUGAR, SUGAR
2785
01:17:36,410 --> 01:17:40,448
♪ MAKES ME WANT TO BE WITH YOU
2786
01:17:40,448 --> 01:17:44,176
♪ WHEN I SEE YOU, MY DREAMS COME
2787
01:17:44,176 --> 01:17:46,523
TRUE ♪
2788
01:17:46,523 --> 01:17:48,215
>> THE RISE IN HEART DISEASE AND
2789
01:17:48,215 --> 01:17:50,838
ESPECIALLY THE RISE IN OBESITY
2790
01:17:50,838 --> 01:17:53,185
AND DIABETES IS VERY CLEARLY
2791
01:17:53,185 --> 01:17:54,946
ABOUT ONE THING -- IT'S ABOUT
2792
01:17:54,946 --> 01:17:56,050
CARBOHYDRATES.
2793
01:17:56,050 --> 01:17:57,293
>> THAT'S THE BIG PROBLEM THAT
2794
01:17:57,293 --> 01:18:00,261
ALL THESE LOW-FAT PEOPLE HAVE
2795
01:18:00,261 --> 01:18:02,678
HAD WITH THE LOW-FAT DIET
2796
01:18:02,678 --> 01:18:04,196
BECAUSE A LOW-FAT DIET IS A
2797
01:18:04,196 --> 01:18:06,440
HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET, OKAY,
2798
01:18:06,440 --> 01:18:07,406
'CAUSE YOU'VE GOT TO EAT
2799
01:18:07,406 --> 01:18:08,235
SOMETHING, AND FAT AND
2800
01:18:08,235 --> 01:18:09,201
CARBOHYDRATE ARE KIND OF
2801
01:18:09,201 --> 01:18:11,065
INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL.
2802
01:18:11,065 --> 01:18:12,170
WHEN ONE GOES DOWN, THE OTHER
2803
01:18:12,170 --> 01:18:12,929
GOES UP.
2804
01:18:12,929 --> 01:18:14,793
>> WHICH IS EXACTLY WHAT THE
2805
01:18:14,793 --> 01:18:16,381
EXPERTS TOLD US TO DO.
2806
01:18:16,381 --> 01:18:18,486
THE USDA FOOD PYRAMID RECOMMENDS
2807
01:18:18,486 --> 01:18:20,316
A LOW-FAT DIET THAT INCLUDES UP
2808
01:18:20,316 --> 01:18:22,318
TO 11 SERVINGS PER DAY OF
2809
01:18:22,318 --> 01:18:23,250
GRAINS.
2810
01:18:23,250 --> 01:18:24,838
>> TO BE BASED ON GRAINS IS NOT
2811
01:18:24,838 --> 01:18:28,980
THE NATIVE DIET FOR ANY MAMMAL.
2812
01:18:28,980 --> 01:18:30,429
THERE'S ONLY ONE GROUP OF
2813
01:18:30,429 --> 01:18:31,914
ANIMALS THAT LIVES WELL ON
2814
01:18:31,914 --> 01:18:33,605
GRAINS, AND THAT'S BIRDS.
2815
01:18:33,605 --> 01:18:34,571
>> YOU KNOW, THE USDA FOOD
2816
01:18:34,571 --> 01:18:39,991
PYRAMID IS MORE ABOUT SELLING
2817
01:18:39,991 --> 01:18:42,372
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS THAN IT IS
2818
01:18:42,372 --> 01:18:44,443
ABOUT SELLING HEALTH.
2819
01:18:44,443 --> 01:18:46,791
>> THEY'RE TOTALLY COMMITTED TO
2820
01:18:46,791 --> 01:18:47,930
WHAT CAN BE SOLD IN THE
2821
01:18:47,930 --> 01:18:50,208
COMMODITY MARKETS, SO THAT'S
2822
01:18:50,208 --> 01:18:54,177
WHEAT, CORN, SOYBEANS, SUGAR.
2823
01:18:54,177 --> 01:18:55,938
>> A FEW YEARS AGO, I WENT BACK
2824
01:18:55,938 --> 01:18:57,629
AND PULLED SOME LABELS OFF OF
2825
01:18:57,629 --> 01:18:58,803
FEED SACKS IN A FARMERS'
2826
01:18:58,803 --> 01:19:00,908
CO-OP AND RAN THEM THROUGH MY
2827
01:19:00,908 --> 01:19:02,496
LITTLE NUTRITIONAL COMPUTER, AND
2828
01:19:02,496 --> 01:19:04,015
THERE'S VIRTUALLY NO DIFFERENCE
2829
01:19:04,015 --> 01:19:05,913
IN THE MACRONUTRIENT COMPOSITION
2830
01:19:05,913 --> 01:19:07,812
THAT FARMERS USE TO FEED ANIMALS
2831
01:19:07,812 --> 01:19:09,986
TO FATTEN THEM UP AND THAT THE
2832
01:19:09,986 --> 01:19:11,988
USDA USES TO TELL US HOW TO
2833
01:19:11,988 --> 01:19:13,645
SUPPOSEDLY SLIM DOWN.
2834
01:19:13,645 --> 01:19:15,440
>> IN THE 1990s, THE FOOD AND
2835
01:19:15,440 --> 01:19:17,166
DRUG ADMINISTRATION DECIDED IT
2836
01:19:17,166 --> 01:19:18,926
WAS TIME TO HELP US SLIM DOWN,
2837
01:19:18,926 --> 01:19:20,169
SO THEY ORDERED FOOD
2838
01:19:20,169 --> 01:19:21,584
MANUFACTURERS TO ADOPT A
2839
01:19:21,584 --> 01:19:23,172
STANDARDIZED NUTRITION LABEL
2840
01:19:23,172 --> 01:19:24,621
THAT INCLUDES RECOMMENDED
2841
01:19:24,621 --> 01:19:25,830
SERVINGS OF PROTEIN,
2842
01:19:25,830 --> 01:19:27,590
CARBOHYDRATES, AND FAT.
2843
01:19:27,590 --> 01:19:29,281
FDA COMMISSIONER DAVID KESSLER
2844
01:19:29,281 --> 01:19:31,007
SAID IT WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT
2845
01:19:31,007 --> 01:19:32,698
BATTLE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH HE'D
2846
01:19:32,698 --> 01:19:33,596
EVER WAGED.
2847
01:19:33,596 --> 01:19:35,287
STORIES IN THE MEDIA WERE FULL
2848
01:19:35,287 --> 01:19:36,944
OF HAPPY PREDICTIONS ABOUT HOW
2849
01:19:36,944 --> 01:19:38,566
MUCH SMARTER AMERICANS WERE
2850
01:19:38,566 --> 01:19:40,327
GOING TO EAT THANKS TO ALL THAT
2851
01:19:40,327 --> 01:19:42,432
GOOD GOVERNMENT ADVICE.
2852
01:19:42,432 --> 01:19:43,917
GOOD GOVERNMENT ADVICE.
AND SINCE THEN...
2853
01:19:43,917 --> 01:19:52,684
AND SINCE THEN...
2854
01:19:52,684 --> 01:19:54,272
WELL, MAYBE WE'RE NOT FOLLOWING
2855
01:19:54,272 --> 01:19:56,619
THOSE GUIDELINES, OR MAYBE WE
2856
01:19:56,619 --> 01:19:57,447
ARE.
2857
01:19:57,447 --> 01:19:59,553
THE NUTRITION LABEL THE FDA MADE
2858
01:19:59,553 --> 01:20:01,797
EVERYBODY ADOPT RECOMMENDS 300
2859
01:20:01,797 --> 01:20:04,144
CARBOHYDRATES PER DAY ON A
2860
01:20:04,144 --> 01:20:05,386
2,000-CALORIE DIET.
2861
01:20:05,386 --> 01:20:06,629
IF YOU ATE FOUR CUPS OF
2862
01:20:06,629 --> 01:20:08,286
BROCCOLI, THREE CUPS OF SPINACH,
2863
01:20:08,286 --> 01:20:09,874
TWO CUPS OF PEAS, FIVE CARROTS,
2864
01:20:09,874 --> 01:20:11,185
AND TWO APPLES, YOU WOULD
2865
01:20:11,185 --> 01:20:13,015
CONSUME ABOUT 100 GRAMS OF
2866
01:20:13,015 --> 01:20:14,050
CARBOHYDRATE.
2867
01:20:14,050 --> 01:20:15,914
SO HOW DO YOU GET TO 300?
2868
01:20:15,914 --> 01:20:17,813
>> IT WOULD TAKE A LOT OF
2869
01:20:17,813 --> 01:20:19,055
CAULIFLOWER AND BROCCOLI AND
2870
01:20:19,055 --> 01:20:20,539
CABBAGE AND THOSE KIND OF THINGS
2871
01:20:20,539 --> 01:20:22,645
TO EVER GET YOU TO 300 GRAMS OF
2872
01:20:22,645 --> 01:20:23,646
CARBOHYDRATE.
2873
01:20:23,646 --> 01:20:25,027
YOU CAN DO IT WITH STARCH.
2874
01:20:25,027 --> 01:20:26,614
>> YOU CAN DO IT, YOU KNOW, WITH
2875
01:20:26,614 --> 01:20:28,168
POTATOES, WHICH ARE BASICALLY A
2876
01:20:28,168 --> 01:20:28,858
PURE STARCH.
2877
01:20:28,858 --> 01:20:30,308
YOU CAN DO IT WITH A WHOLE LOT
2878
01:20:30,308 --> 01:20:32,689
OF CORN OR RICE, BUT THOSE ARE
2879
01:20:32,689 --> 01:20:33,829
REALLY STARCHY FOODS.
2880
01:20:33,829 --> 01:20:35,761
AND THE STARCH IN THOSE BREAKS
2881
01:20:35,761 --> 01:20:38,143
DOWN IN THE G.I. TRACT BASICALLY
2882
01:20:38,143 --> 01:20:39,006
TO SUGAR.
2883
01:20:39,006 --> 01:20:40,145
>> THE SPEED AT WHICH A
2884
01:20:40,145 --> 01:20:41,422
PARTICULAR FOOD RAISES YOUR
2885
01:20:41,422 --> 01:20:42,838
BLOOD SUGAR IS MEASURED BY
2886
01:20:42,838 --> 01:20:44,460
SOMETHING KNOWN AS THE GLYCEMIC
2887
01:20:44,460 --> 01:20:45,254
INDEX.
2888
01:20:45,254 --> 01:20:47,359
TABLE SUGAR HAS A GLYCEMIC INDEX
2889
01:20:47,359 --> 01:20:48,636
OF 64.
2890
01:20:48,636 --> 01:20:50,742
COCA-COLA HAS A GLYCEMIC INDEX
2891
01:20:50,742 --> 01:20:52,157
OF 63.
2892
01:20:52,157 --> 01:20:53,987
THE FOODS WE ATE FOR MILLIONS OF
2893
01:20:53,987 --> 01:20:55,540
YEARS ALMOST ALL HAD A LOW
2894
01:20:55,540 --> 01:20:56,921
GLYCEMIC INDEX.
2895
01:20:56,921 --> 01:20:58,750
SO, WHAT ABOUT ALL THOSE WHOLE
2896
01:20:58,750 --> 01:21:00,752
GRAINS THE EXPERTS TELL US
2897
01:21:00,752 --> 01:21:01,995
SHOULD BE THE FOUNDATION OF A
2898
01:21:01,995 --> 01:21:03,444
HEALTHY HUMAN DIET?
2899
01:21:03,444 --> 01:21:05,688
RAISIN BRAN HAS A GLYCEMIC INDEX
2900
01:21:05,688 --> 01:21:07,034
OF 61.
2901
01:21:07,034 --> 01:21:09,381
SHREDDED WHEAT LOGS IN AT 67,
2902
01:21:09,381 --> 01:21:10,935
WHICH MEANS IT SPIKES YOUR BLOOD
2903
01:21:10,935 --> 01:21:12,937
SUGAR FASTER THAN SUGAR DOES.
2904
01:21:12,937 --> 01:21:14,455
AND DEPENDING ON THE BRAND,
2905
01:21:14,455 --> 01:21:16,216
WHOLE-WHEAT BREAD RAISES THE BAR
2906
01:21:16,216 --> 01:21:17,493
TO AROUND 70.
2907
01:21:17,493 --> 01:21:19,391
>> ♪ SUGAR
2908
01:21:19,391 --> 01:21:21,359
>> SO, WHETHER THEY INTENDED TO
2909
01:21:21,359 --> 01:21:23,188
OR NOT, THE FDA AND USDA ARE
2910
01:21:23,188 --> 01:21:24,880
TELLING YOU TO LOAD UP ON
2911
01:21:24,880 --> 01:21:27,296
SUGAR...AND LOTS OF IT.
2912
01:21:27,296 --> 01:21:28,814
>> THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD SUGAR IN
2913
01:21:28,814 --> 01:21:30,644
YOUR BLOOD IF YOU HAVE A NORMAL
2914
01:21:30,644 --> 01:21:32,853
BLOOD SUGAR IS A LITTLE BIT LESS
2915
01:21:32,853 --> 01:21:34,544
THAN ONE TEASPOON.
2916
01:21:34,544 --> 01:21:36,581
300 GRAMS OF CARB THAT COMES AS
2917
01:21:36,581 --> 01:21:38,307
POTATO OR PASTA -- EVEN IF IT'S
2918
01:21:38,307 --> 01:21:39,929
WHOLE-GRAIN PASTA OR WHOLE-GRAIN
2919
01:21:39,929 --> 01:21:42,311
BREAD, THAT CONVERTS TO A CUP
2920
01:21:42,311 --> 01:21:43,829
AND A HALF OF SUGAR.
2921
01:21:43,829 --> 01:21:44,934
IF YOU WERE TO PUT A CUP AND A
2922
01:21:44,934 --> 01:21:46,108
HALF OF SUGAR DIRECTLY INTO YOUR
2923
01:21:46,108 --> 01:21:47,626
BLOOD, YOU'D BE DEAD.
2924
01:21:47,626 --> 01:21:49,318
YOUR BLOOD SUGAR WOULD GO
2925
01:21:49,318 --> 01:21:50,284
SKY-HIGH.
2926
01:21:50,284 --> 01:21:51,907
>> SINCE HIGH BLOOD SUGAR CAN
2927
01:21:51,907 --> 01:21:53,701
KILL YOU, YOUR BODY HAS TO BRING
2928
01:21:53,701 --> 01:21:55,565
IT DOWN, AND THAT'S HOW
2929
01:21:55,565 --> 01:21:57,671
IT DOWN, AND THAT'S HOW
METABOLIC SYNDROME BEGINS.
2930
01:21:57,671 --> 01:22:06,611
METABOLIC SYNDROME BEGINS.
2931
01:22:06,611 --> 01:22:08,820
MOST OF US THINK WE ONLY PUT FAT
2932
01:22:08,820 --> 01:22:10,615
IN OUR FAT CELLS WHEN WE EAT TOO
2933
01:22:10,615 --> 01:22:12,306
MUCH, BUT, AS GARY TAUBES
2934
01:22:12,306 --> 01:22:14,343
EXPLAINS IN "GOOD CALORIES, BAD
2935
01:22:14,343 --> 01:22:16,241
CALORIES," YOUR FAT CELLS ARE
2936
01:22:16,241 --> 01:22:18,243
LIKE RECHARGEABLE FUEL CELLS.
2937
01:22:18,243 --> 01:22:20,073
EVERY TIME YOU EAT, YOUR STORE
2938
01:22:20,073 --> 01:22:20,832
SOME FAT.
2939
01:22:20,832 --> 01:22:22,696
IN BETWEEN MEALS, FAT COMES OUT
2940
01:22:22,696 --> 01:22:24,215
OF YOUR FAT CELLS TO PROVIDE THE
2941
01:22:24,215 --> 01:22:25,457
FUEL FOR YOUR MUSCLES AND
2942
01:22:25,457 --> 01:22:26,079
ORGANS.
2943
01:22:26,079 --> 01:22:27,873
IF YOU'RE NATURALLY THIN, IT'S
2944
01:22:27,873 --> 01:22:29,737
BECAUSE YOU HAVE EFFICIENT FAT
2945
01:22:29,737 --> 01:22:30,462
CELLS.
2946
01:22:30,462 --> 01:22:32,119
FAT GOES IN QUICKLY, AND IT
2947
01:22:32,119 --> 01:22:33,258
COMES OUT EASILY.
2948
01:22:33,258 --> 01:22:35,122
YOUR BODY DOESN'T NEED MUCH FAT
2949
01:22:35,122 --> 01:22:36,572
BECAUSE THE LITTLE BIT OF FAT
2950
01:22:36,572 --> 01:22:38,125
YOU DO HAVE IS A RELIABLE SOURCE
2951
01:22:38,125 --> 01:22:39,161
OF FUEL.
2952
01:22:39,161 --> 01:22:40,956
IF YOU'RE PREDISPOSED TO BE FAT,
2953
01:22:40,956 --> 01:22:42,681
IT'S BECAUSE YOU HAVE GREEDY FAT
2954
01:22:42,681 --> 01:22:43,544
CELLS.
2955
01:22:43,544 --> 01:22:45,167
WHEN YOU EAT, YOU TEND TO STORE
2956
01:22:45,167 --> 01:22:46,582
CALORIES AS FAT INSTEAD OF
2957
01:22:46,582 --> 01:22:48,032
BURNING THEM, AND WHEN YOUR
2958
01:22:48,032 --> 01:22:49,378
OTHER TISSUES NEED THOSE
2959
01:22:49,378 --> 01:22:50,896
CALORIES, THE FAT COMES OUT
2960
01:22:50,896 --> 01:22:53,002
SLOWLY IF IT COMES OUT AT ALL.
2961
01:22:53,002 --> 01:22:54,693
>> WHAT ARE THEY DOING?
2962
01:22:54,693 --> 01:22:56,074
>> DID ONE OF YOU GUYS FORGET TO
2963
01:22:56,074 --> 01:22:57,869
PAY THE FOOD BILL?
2964
01:22:57,869 --> 01:22:59,077
>> ARE YOU GOING TO EAT ALL
2965
01:22:59,077 --> 01:22:59,940
THAT?
2966
01:22:59,940 --> 01:23:02,667
>> THE END USER OF FOOD THAT WE
2967
01:23:02,667 --> 01:23:05,083
EAT ARE OUR INDIVIDUAL CELLS.
2968
01:23:05,083 --> 01:23:06,326
IT DOESN'T MATTER IF IT GOES IN
2969
01:23:06,326 --> 01:23:07,016
OUR MOUTH.
2970
01:23:07,016 --> 01:23:08,466
IF IT DOESN'T GET TO THOSE
2971
01:23:08,466 --> 01:23:10,295
CELLS, WE STARVE.
2972
01:23:10,295 --> 01:23:12,263
WE STARVE AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL.
2973
01:23:12,263 --> 01:23:14,058
>> AND SO YOU DO EXACTLY WHAT
2974
01:23:14,058 --> 01:23:15,921
YOUR BODY IS TELLING YOU TO DO.
2975
01:23:15,921 --> 01:23:16,853
>> COME ON! EAT SOMETHING!
2976
01:23:16,853 --> 01:23:18,200
>> EAT A STEAK, WILL YA?
2977
01:23:18,200 --> 01:23:19,649
>> YOU EAT MORE.
2978
01:23:19,649 --> 01:23:21,168
IN OTHER WORDS, YOU'RE NOT
2979
01:23:21,168 --> 01:23:22,687
GETTING FAT BECAUSE YOU'RE
2980
01:23:22,687 --> 01:23:24,447
EATING MORE, YOU'RE EATING MORE
2981
01:23:24,447 --> 01:23:26,380
BECAUSE YOU'RE GETTING FAT.
2982
01:23:26,380 --> 01:23:28,658
REMEMBER, MOTHER NATURE ISN'T
2983
01:23:28,658 --> 01:23:29,418
STUPID.
2984
01:23:29,418 --> 01:23:31,144
IF YOUR FAT CELLS ARE SLOW TO
2985
01:23:31,144 --> 01:23:32,904
RELEASE THEIR FUEL, YOUR BODY
2986
01:23:32,904 --> 01:23:34,526
ACTUALLY WORKS TO MAKE THEM
2987
01:23:34,526 --> 01:23:35,217
BIGGER.
2988
01:23:35,217 --> 01:23:36,666
AND THEY KEEP ON GETTING BIGGER
2989
01:23:36,666 --> 01:23:37,909
UNTIL THEY CAN RELEASE THE
2990
01:23:37,909 --> 01:23:39,773
ENERGY THAT YOUR BODY NEEDS.
2991
01:23:39,773 --> 01:23:41,292
THAT COULD MEAN GAINING A LITTLE
2992
01:23:41,292 --> 01:23:42,810
WEIGHT, OR IT COULD MEAN GAINING
2993
01:23:42,810 --> 01:23:43,570
A LOT.
2994
01:23:43,570 --> 01:23:45,330
IT ALL DEPENDS ON HOW SLOWLY
2995
01:23:45,330 --> 01:23:47,056
YOUR FAT CELLS RELEASE THEIR
2996
01:23:47,056 --> 01:23:48,057
FAT.
2997
01:23:48,057 --> 01:23:49,714
MOST OF US WEREN'T BORN WITH
2998
01:23:49,714 --> 01:23:51,302
GREEDY FAT CELLS, BUT WE CAN
2999
01:23:51,302 --> 01:23:53,373
CERTAINLY MAKE THEM THAT WAY.
3000
01:23:53,373 --> 01:23:54,581
WHEN YOU EAT TOO MANY
3001
01:23:54,581 --> 01:23:56,100
CARBOHYDRATES, YOU RAISE YOUR
3002
01:23:56,100 --> 01:23:56,893
BLOOD SUGAR.
3003
01:23:56,893 --> 01:23:58,585
SINCE HIGH BLOOD SUGAR IS TOXIC,
3004
01:23:58,585 --> 01:24:00,449
YOUR BODY RELEASES INSULIN TO
3005
01:24:00,449 --> 01:24:01,484
BRING IT DOWN.
3006
01:24:01,484 --> 01:24:03,176
BUT YOUR BODY CAN ONLY BURN A
3007
01:24:03,176 --> 01:24:04,970
LITTLE BIT OF SUGAR AT A TIME.
3008
01:24:04,970 --> 01:24:06,765
SO, WHAT HAPPENS TO THE REST OF
3009
01:24:06,765 --> 01:24:07,387
IT?
3010
01:24:07,387 --> 01:24:08,767
>> YOUR STORAGE SITES FOR
3011
01:24:08,767 --> 01:24:10,321
CARBOHYDRATE ARE LIMITED, AND
3012
01:24:10,321 --> 01:24:11,805
WE'VE GOT UNLIMITED STORAGE
3013
01:24:11,805 --> 01:24:12,702
PLACES FOR FAT.
3014
01:24:12,702 --> 01:24:14,428
SO THE BODY ENDS UP JUST
3015
01:24:14,428 --> 01:24:16,499
CONVERTING THE CARBOHYDRATE TO
3016
01:24:16,499 --> 01:24:17,121
FAT.
3017
01:24:17,121 --> 01:24:18,674
>> AND AFTER BRINGING DOWN YOUR
3018
01:24:18,674 --> 01:24:20,089
BLOOD SUGAR, INSULIN DOES ITS
3019
01:24:20,089 --> 01:24:21,435
OTHER JOB.
3020
01:24:21,435 --> 01:24:23,541
IT TELLS YOUR BODY TO STORE FAT.
3021
01:24:23,541 --> 01:24:26,164
>> INSULIN STIMULATES AN ENZYME
3022
01:24:26,164 --> 01:24:28,132
CALLED LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE THAT
3023
01:24:28,132 --> 01:24:30,065
SENDS FAT INTO THE FAT CELLS.
3024
01:24:30,065 --> 01:24:32,067
SO IF INSULIN IS ELEVATED, THIS
3025
01:24:32,067 --> 01:24:33,723
LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE IS REALLY
3026
01:24:33,723 --> 01:24:35,518
ACTIVATED, AND IT'S SENDING FAT
3027
01:24:35,518 --> 01:24:37,279
LIKE CRAZY INTO THE FAT CELLS.
3028
01:24:37,279 --> 01:24:38,314
SO IF YOU EAT A LOT OF
3029
01:24:38,314 --> 01:24:39,764
CARBOHYDRATES, YOUR INSULIN GOES
3030
01:24:39,764 --> 01:24:41,076
UP, YOU'RE STORING FAT IN THE
3031
01:24:41,076 --> 01:24:42,249
FAT CELL.
3032
01:24:42,249 --> 01:24:43,526
>> WHEN YOU HAVE A HEALTHY
3033
01:24:43,526 --> 01:24:44,838
METABOLISM, IT ONLY TAKES A
3034
01:24:44,838 --> 01:24:46,253
LITTLE BIT OF INSULIN TO BRING
3035
01:24:46,253 --> 01:24:47,772
YOUR BLOOD SUGAR DOWN, AND THEN
3036
01:24:47,772 --> 01:24:49,222
EVERYTHING GOES BACK TO NORMAL.
3037
01:24:49,222 --> 01:24:51,845
BUT OVER TIME, THAT CAN CHANGE.
3038
01:24:51,845 --> 01:24:53,260
>> THE CELLS CAN BECOME
3039
01:24:53,260 --> 01:24:54,917
RESISTANT TO THE EFFECTS OF
3040
01:24:54,917 --> 01:24:55,573
INSULIN.
3041
01:24:55,573 --> 01:24:57,333
IN ESSENCE, WHEN THAT HAPPENS,
3042
01:24:57,333 --> 01:24:58,990
INSULIN IS TALKING, BUT THE
3043
01:24:58,990 --> 01:25:00,681
CELLS JUST AREN'T LISTENING.
3044
01:25:00,681 --> 01:25:01,648
AND SO THEY DON'T GET THE
3045
01:25:01,648 --> 01:25:02,718
MESSAGE FROM INSULIN, SO THEY
3046
01:25:02,718 --> 01:25:03,857
DON'T DO WHAT THEY'RE SUPPOSED
3047
01:25:03,857 --> 01:25:05,030
TO DO.
3048
01:25:05,030 --> 01:25:06,722
>> HELLO?
3049
01:25:06,722 --> 01:25:08,310
>> STOP HITTING ME.
3050
01:25:08,310 --> 01:25:10,312
>> I'M NOT HITTING YOU.
3051
01:25:10,312 --> 01:25:11,899
>> STOP HITTING ME.
3052
01:25:11,899 --> 01:25:13,246
>> I'M NOT HITTING YOU.
3053
01:25:13,246 --> 01:25:15,248
>> AND SO YOUR BODY DOES WHAT IT
3054
01:25:15,248 --> 01:25:16,111
HAS TO DO.
3055
01:25:16,111 --> 01:25:17,664
IT STARTS PRODUCING MORE
3056
01:25:17,664 --> 01:25:18,354
INSULIN.
3057
01:25:18,354 --> 01:25:19,735
>> YOU FINALLY REACH THE POINT
3058
01:25:19,735 --> 01:25:21,046
TO WHERE YOUR INSULIN IS HIGH
3059
01:25:21,046 --> 01:25:22,427
JUST TO KEEP YOUR SUGAR NORMAL,
3060
01:25:22,427 --> 01:25:23,773
EVEN IF YOU'RE NOT EATING ANY
3061
01:25:23,773 --> 01:25:24,188
SUGAR.
3062
01:25:24,188 --> 01:25:25,879
AND THEN, WHEN THAT HAPPENS,
3063
01:25:25,879 --> 01:25:27,501
THEN IT'S STARTING TO DRIVE
3064
01:25:27,501 --> 01:25:29,158
STUFF INTO THE FAT CELLS.
3065
01:25:29,158 --> 01:25:30,539
AND THEN YOU'VE REACH THIS POINT
3066
01:25:30,539 --> 01:25:31,954
WHERE, ALL OF A SUDDEN -- BAM --
3067
01:25:31,954 --> 01:25:33,921
YOU GET FAT.
3068
01:25:33,921 --> 01:25:35,509
>> AND YOU GET FAT EVEN THOUGH
3069
01:25:35,509 --> 01:25:37,201
YOU'RE EATING THE SAME NUMBER OF
3070
01:25:37,201 --> 01:25:38,926
CALORIES YOU ALWAYS DID, BECAUSE
3071
01:25:38,926 --> 01:25:41,343
NOW YOU HAVE GREEDY FAT CELLS.
3072
01:25:41,343 --> 01:25:43,414
SO YOU DO WHAT THE EXPERTS HAVE
3073
01:25:43,414 --> 01:25:44,898
ALWAYS TOLD US TO DO.
3074
01:25:44,898 --> 01:25:47,003
YOU GO ON A LOW-FAT, LOW-CALORIE
3075
01:25:47,003 --> 01:25:48,971
DIET SO YOU CAN BURN YOUR OWN
3076
01:25:48,971 --> 01:25:50,248
BODY FAT FOR FUEL.
3077
01:25:50,248 --> 01:25:51,767
JUST ONE LITTLE PROBLEM --
3078
01:25:51,767 --> 01:25:53,493
IF TOO MANY CARBOHYDRATES ARE
3079
01:25:53,493 --> 01:25:55,288
KEEPING YOUR INSULIN HIGH, THE
3080
01:25:55,288 --> 01:25:57,152
INSULIN IS TELLING YOUR BODY TO
3081
01:25:57,152 --> 01:25:59,084
STORE THE FAT INSTEAD OF BURNING
3082
01:25:59,084 --> 01:25:59,706
IT.
3083
01:25:59,706 --> 01:26:01,156
NOW YOU'RE REALLYSTARVING
3084
01:26:01,156 --> 01:26:01,708
INSIDE.
3085
01:26:01,708 --> 01:26:02,743
>> ...ALL THAT FOR YOURSELF FOR?
3086
01:26:02,743 --> 01:26:03,744
COME ON, YOU BIG DICK, WHAT DO
3087
01:26:03,744 --> 01:26:04,538
YOU THINK YOU'RE DOING?
3088
01:26:04,538 --> 01:26:05,436
WHAT'S THE MATTER WITH YOU?
3089
01:26:05,436 --> 01:26:06,747
I'M HUNGRY DOWN HERE.
3090
01:26:06,747 --> 01:26:08,646
>> SO, ONCE AGAIN, YOUR BODY
3091
01:26:08,646 --> 01:26:10,234
DOES WHAT IT HAS TO DO.
3092
01:26:10,234 --> 01:26:12,408
IT SLOWS DOWN YOUR METABOLISM.
3093
01:26:12,408 --> 01:26:13,754
YOU STOP LOSING WEIGHT.
3094
01:26:13,754 --> 01:26:15,411
YOU GET TIRED, AND THEN YOU DO
3095
01:26:15,411 --> 01:26:17,033
THINGS LIKE DRIVE AROUND THE
3096
01:26:17,033 --> 01:26:18,794
PARKING LOT, LOOKING FOR A CLOSE
3097
01:26:18,794 --> 01:26:20,002
PARKING SPACE.
3098
01:26:20,002 --> 01:26:21,831
>> SO, YOU KNOW, SO MANY OF MY
3099
01:26:21,831 --> 01:26:23,695
PATIENTS COME IN FOLLOWING THAT
3100
01:26:23,695 --> 01:26:25,559
ADVICE, WHERE THEY SAY, "WELL, I
3101
01:26:25,559 --> 01:26:27,906
KNOW IT CAN'T BE ABOUT MY DIET,
3102
01:26:27,906 --> 01:26:30,254
BECAUSE I'M EATING A GOOD DIET."
3103
01:26:30,254 --> 01:26:31,531
AND I SAY, "WHAT DID YOU HAVE
3104
01:26:31,531 --> 01:26:32,773
FOR BREAKFAST THIS MORNING?"
3105
01:26:32,773 --> 01:26:34,016
AND THEY SAY, "WELL, I ATE A
3106
01:26:34,016 --> 01:26:37,226
BOWL OF SPECIAL K, AND I USED
3107
01:26:37,226 --> 01:26:38,676
LOW-FAT MILK.
3108
01:26:38,676 --> 01:26:40,298
AND THEN I HAD TWO PIECES OF
3109
01:26:40,298 --> 01:26:41,506
WHOLE-WHEAT TOAST."
3110
01:26:41,506 --> 01:26:43,646
AND TO BREAK YOUR FAST IN THE
3111
01:26:43,646 --> 01:26:45,476
MORNING WITH ALL OF THAT
3112
01:26:45,476 --> 01:26:47,754
INSULIN-PRODUCING, HIGH-GLYCEMIC
3113
01:26:47,754 --> 01:26:49,790
DIET IS GONNA SHUT DOWN YOUR
3114
01:26:49,790 --> 01:26:51,344
METABOLISM AND IS THE
3115
01:26:51,344 --> 01:26:53,311
PRESCRIPTION FOR MAKING YOU
3116
01:26:53,311 --> 01:26:53,725
FAT.
3117
01:26:53,725 --> 01:26:55,313
>> AND THEN THEY END UP BEING,
3118
01:26:55,313 --> 01:26:56,970
IN MOST CASES, LARGER THAN THEY
3119
01:26:56,970 --> 01:26:58,385
WERE WHEN THEY STARTED OUT,
3120
01:26:58,385 --> 01:27:01,043
WITH A LOWER METABOLIC RATE.
3121
01:27:01,043 --> 01:27:02,665
>> AND IT FRUSTRATES SO MANY
3122
01:27:02,665 --> 01:27:04,184
PEOPLE BECAUSE THEY DO IT
3123
01:27:04,184 --> 01:27:05,806
AND THEY FAIL, AND THEN THEY
3124
01:27:05,806 --> 01:27:07,636
THINK THEYFAILED.
3125
01:27:07,636 --> 01:27:09,500
AND THEY DIDN'T FAIL.
3126
01:27:09,500 --> 01:27:10,570
THE DIET FAILED.
3127
01:27:10,570 --> 01:27:12,192
>> THE NEXT TIME YOU FEEL LIKE
3128
01:27:12,192 --> 01:27:13,883
INDULGING IN THE USUAL PREJUDICE
3129
01:27:13,883 --> 01:27:15,264
AGAINST FAT PEOPLE, HERE'S
3130
01:27:15,264 --> 01:27:16,714
SOMETHING TO KEEP IN MIND.
3131
01:27:16,714 --> 01:27:19,234
MY WIFE HAS ALWAYS BEEN THIN,
3132
01:27:19,234 --> 01:27:21,166
AND SHE'S THE FIRST TO ADMIT IT
3133
01:27:21,166 --> 01:27:22,616
HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH
3134
01:27:22,616 --> 01:27:23,479
DISCIPLINE.
3135
01:27:23,479 --> 01:27:25,412
WHEN SHE AND I SIT DOWN FOR A
3136
01:27:25,412 --> 01:27:27,276
MEAL, WE BOTH DO EXACTLY THE
3137
01:27:27,276 --> 01:27:29,382
SAME THING -- WE EAT UNTIL WE'RE
3138
01:27:29,382 --> 01:27:30,900
NOT HUNGRY ANYMORE.
3139
01:27:30,900 --> 01:27:32,971
I GOT FAT AND STAYED FAT BECAUSE
3140
01:27:32,971 --> 01:27:35,008
I WAS LIVING ON FOODS THAT TOLD
3141
01:27:35,008 --> 01:27:37,113
MY BODY TO STORE THE CALORIES IN
3142
01:27:37,113 --> 01:27:39,184
MY FAT CELLS, WHICH JUST MADE ME
3143
01:27:39,184 --> 01:27:40,324
HUNGRIER.
3144
01:27:40,324 --> 01:27:42,015
IN SOME PEOPLE, THE FAT CELLS
3145
01:27:42,015 --> 01:27:43,637
AND THE OTHER TISSUES BECOME
3146
01:27:43,637 --> 01:27:45,363
INSULIN-RESISTANT AT ABOUT THE
3147
01:27:45,363 --> 01:27:46,122
SAME RATE.
3148
01:27:46,122 --> 01:27:47,745
THE GOOD NEWS IS, THEY DON'T
3149
01:27:47,745 --> 01:27:48,573
GAIN WEIGHT.
3150
01:27:48,573 --> 01:27:50,230
THE BAD NEWS IS, INSULIN
3151
01:27:50,230 --> 01:27:52,267
RESISTANCE CAN KILL YOU EVEN IF
3152
01:27:52,267 --> 01:27:53,337
YOU'RE SKINNY.
3153
01:27:53,337 --> 01:27:54,924
>> DEMANDING OF YOUR PANCREAS
3154
01:27:54,924 --> 01:27:56,443
THAT IT PRODUCE EVER-GREATER
3155
01:27:56,443 --> 01:27:58,134
AMOUNTS OF INSULIN TO KEEP YOUR
3156
01:27:58,134 --> 01:27:59,826
BLOOD SUGAR NORMAL IS ULTIMATELY
3157
01:27:59,826 --> 01:28:01,345
GOING TO CAUSE WHAT'S CAUSED
3158
01:28:01,345 --> 01:28:02,656
BETA CELL BURNOUT.
3159
01:28:02,656 --> 01:28:04,140
FINALLY, THE PANCREAS IS
3160
01:28:04,140 --> 01:28:05,832
PRODUCING ALL IT CAN PRODUCE,
3161
01:28:05,832 --> 01:28:07,558
AND THAT'S NOT ENOUGH ANYMORE.
3162
01:28:07,558 --> 01:28:09,145
AND WHEN THAT HAPPENS, THE
3163
01:28:09,145 --> 01:28:10,802
BETA CELLS GET DAMAGED, THEY
3164
01:28:10,802 --> 01:28:12,597
CAN'T PRODUCE ANYMORE, AND YOUR
3165
01:28:12,597 --> 01:28:13,564
BLOOD SUGAR GOES UP.
3166
01:28:13,564 --> 01:28:14,979
AND NOW YOU'VE BECOME, FRANKLY,
3167
01:28:14,979 --> 01:28:15,497
DIABETIC.
3168
01:28:15,497 --> 01:28:17,084
>> AND ONCE YOUR BLOOD SUGAR
3169
01:28:17,084 --> 01:28:18,569
GOES OUT OF CONTROL, IT CAN
3170
01:28:18,569 --> 01:28:20,295
DAMAGE YOUR ARTERIES AND LEAD TO
3171
01:28:20,295 --> 01:28:21,226
HEART DISEASE.
3172
01:28:21,226 --> 01:28:23,470
AND YET THE EXPERTS KEEP TELLING
3173
01:28:23,470 --> 01:28:25,541
US TO STAY AWAY FROM FAT AND
3174
01:28:25,541 --> 01:28:27,371
LOAD UP ON CARBOHYDRATES.
3175
01:28:27,371 --> 01:28:28,820
ON THEIR WEBSITE, CSPI
3176
01:28:28,820 --> 01:28:30,581
ENCOURAGES PARENTS TO CUT THE
3177
01:28:30,581 --> 01:28:32,445
FAT FROM THEIR KIDS' DIETS AND
3178
01:28:32,445 --> 01:28:34,205
FEED THEM STARCHY FOODS, LIKE
3179
01:28:34,205 --> 01:28:35,724
WHOLE-WHEAT CRACKERS AND
3180
01:28:35,724 --> 01:28:36,552
GRAPE-NUTS.
3181
01:28:36,552 --> 01:28:38,485
>> GRAPE-NUTS HAVE A GLYCEMIC
3182
01:28:38,485 --> 01:28:39,555
INDEX OF 64...
3183
01:28:39,555 --> 01:28:41,385
>> ♪ SUGAR
3184
01:28:41,385 --> 01:28:43,041
>> ...WHICH MAKE THEM MORE
3185
01:28:43,041 --> 01:28:43,835
FATTENING.
3186
01:28:43,835 --> 01:28:45,561
IF YOU WERE TO EAT A BOWL OF
3187
01:28:45,561 --> 01:28:47,322
GRAPE-NUTS, THE CALORIES ARE
3188
01:28:47,322 --> 01:28:49,013
ABOUT THE SAME AS EATING AN
3189
01:28:49,013 --> 01:28:50,601
EXTRA-LARGE SNICKERS BAR.
3190
01:28:50,601 --> 01:28:52,534
>> ♪ SUGAR
3191
01:28:52,534 --> 01:28:54,605
>> WE WERE ALL SUBJECTS IN A
3192
01:28:54,605 --> 01:28:56,917
GIANT EXPERIMENT, THE HYPOTHESIS
3193
01:28:56,917 --> 01:28:58,988
OF WHICH WAS THAT FAT IS BAD
3194
01:28:58,988 --> 01:29:00,265
FOR US.
3195
01:29:00,265 --> 01:29:02,060
AND NOW HERE WE ALL ARE, AT THE
3196
01:29:02,060 --> 01:29:03,752
END OF THIS GIANT EXPERIMENT.
3197
01:29:03,752 --> 01:29:05,201
TYPE-2 DIABETES IS AT A
3198
01:29:05,201 --> 01:29:07,031
SCREAMINGLY HIGH RATE, AND WAY,
3199
01:29:07,031 --> 01:29:08,791
WAY MORE PEOPLE ARE OVERWEIGHT
3200
01:29:08,791 --> 01:29:09,861
THAN USED TO BE.
3201
01:29:09,861 --> 01:29:10,966
>> GRANDMOTHER COULD TELL YOU
3202
01:29:10,966 --> 01:29:12,105
THAT THAT DIET WOULD MAKE YOU
3203
01:29:12,105 --> 01:29:13,002
FAT.
3204
01:29:13,002 --> 01:29:15,419
SHE KNEW THAT POTATOES AND BREAD
3205
01:29:15,419 --> 01:29:16,765
WERE FATTENING.
3206
01:29:16,765 --> 01:29:19,423
WE ALL KNEW IT UNTIL MODERN
3207
01:29:19,423 --> 01:29:21,321
NUTRITION TOLD US OTHERWISE.
3208
01:29:21,321 --> 01:29:22,564
>> WHICH IS WHY I'M
3209
01:29:22,564 --> 01:29:24,255
INTENTIONALLY IGNORING WHAT
3210
01:29:24,255 --> 01:29:25,670
MODERN NUTRITION SAYS.
3211
01:29:25,670 --> 01:29:27,465
I'M EATING LOTS OF PROTEIN AND
3212
01:29:27,465 --> 01:29:29,364
PLENTY OF FAT, BUT I'M LIMITING
3213
01:29:29,364 --> 01:29:31,124
MY CARBOHYDRATES TO ABOUT 100
3214
01:29:31,124 --> 01:29:33,126
MY CARBOHYDRATES TO ABOUT 100
GRAMS PER DAY.
3215
01:29:33,126 --> 01:29:45,034
GRAMS PER DAY.
3216
01:29:45,034 --> 01:29:47,105
BECAUSE MY DOCTOR WAS GOING ON
3217
01:29:47,105 --> 01:29:49,280
VACATION, I SHORTENED MY 30-DAY
3218
01:29:49,280 --> 01:29:51,351
DIET TO 28 DAYS AND WENT TO MY
3219
01:29:51,351 --> 01:29:52,697
POST-DIET CHECKUP.
3220
01:29:52,697 --> 01:29:54,872
I SHOWED MY DOCTOR WHAT I'D BEEN
3221
01:29:54,872 --> 01:29:57,046
EATING, WHICH INCLUDED 15 DOUBLE
3222
01:29:57,046 --> 01:29:58,703
OR TRIPLE CHEESEBURGERS,
3223
01:29:58,703 --> 01:30:00,878
19 SAUSAGE PATTIES, 52 EGGS, AND
3224
01:30:00,878 --> 01:30:02,431
A DOZEN SERVINGS OF FRIED
3225
01:30:02,431 --> 01:30:03,121
CHICKEN.
3226
01:30:03,121 --> 01:30:05,607
HE WAS NOT EXACTLY HAPPY WITH MY
3227
01:30:05,607 --> 01:30:06,470
CHOICES.
3228
01:30:06,470 --> 01:30:07,850
>> LET'S STEP UP HERE AND SEE
3229
01:30:07,850 --> 01:30:10,163
WHAT DAMAGE YOU'VE DONE.
3230
01:30:10,163 --> 01:30:12,441
OKAY, I HAVE NO IDEA WHY THIS
3231
01:30:12,441 --> 01:30:13,373
IS.
3232
01:30:13,373 --> 01:30:14,616
YOU LOST WEIGHT.
3233
01:30:14,616 --> 01:30:15,962
[ CHUCKLES ]
3234
01:30:15,962 --> 01:30:22,589
YOU LOST WEIGHT.
3235
01:30:22,589 --> 01:30:25,247
194, I BELIEVE, AND A QUARTER.
3236
01:30:25,247 --> 01:30:25,834
>> MM-HMM.
3237
01:30:25,834 --> 01:30:27,283
>> IF YOU MOVE AWAY, I CAN SEE
3238
01:30:27,283 --> 01:30:29,803
BETTER.
3239
01:30:29,803 --> 01:30:32,565
YEP.
3240
01:30:32,565 --> 01:30:34,429
>> SO, I LOST ALMOST 12?
3241
01:30:34,429 --> 01:30:35,637
>> LET ME SEE.
3242
01:30:35,637 --> 01:30:40,158
THINK SO.
3243
01:30:40,158 --> 01:30:42,437
12 1/4.
3244
01:30:42,437 --> 01:30:43,921
WHAT DID YOU DRINK?
3245
01:30:43,921 --> 01:30:45,405
>> EITHER DIET COKE OR ICED TEA
3246
01:30:45,405 --> 01:30:45,992
OR WATER.
3247
01:30:45,992 --> 01:30:46,510
>> OKAY.
3248
01:30:46,510 --> 01:30:49,547
YOUR TOTAL CHOLESTEROL WAS 231.
3249
01:30:49,547 --> 01:30:50,824
>> MM-HMM.
3250
01:30:50,824 --> 01:30:53,413
>> IT'S NOW 222.
3251
01:30:53,413 --> 01:30:55,277
NOW, BEFORE YOU THINK THAT
3252
01:30:55,277 --> 01:30:57,382
THAT'S A DECREMENT, IF I WOULD
3253
01:30:57,382 --> 01:30:59,454
CHECK THE SAME SAMPLE TWO AND
3254
01:30:59,454 --> 01:31:01,594
THREE TIMES, WE WOULD HAVE THAT
3255
01:31:01,594 --> 01:31:02,491
KIND OF VARIANCE.
3256
01:31:02,491 --> 01:31:03,319
>> OKAY.
3257
01:31:03,319 --> 01:31:05,598
>> OKAY, SO, THAT, TO ME, DIDN'T
3258
01:31:05,598 --> 01:31:11,051
CHANGE.
3259
01:31:11,051 --> 01:31:13,053
>> WHAT'S THAT LOOK?
3260
01:31:13,053 --> 01:31:15,677
>> IT'S 28.2.
3261
01:31:15,677 --> 01:31:17,472
I DON'T LIKE WHAT YOU'RE PROVING
3262
01:31:17,472 --> 01:31:19,853
HERE.
3263
01:31:19,853 --> 01:31:21,959
>> I-I DIDN'T WRITE IT THE LAST
3264
01:31:21,959 --> 01:31:23,892
TIME, BUT I BELIEVE YOU -- 31.2,
3265
01:31:23,892 --> 01:31:24,962
WHICH WAS HIGH.
3266
01:31:24,962 --> 01:31:25,583
>> MM-HMM.
3267
01:31:25,583 --> 01:31:29,276
>> AND, UH, YOU WENT TO 28.2.
3268
01:31:29,276 --> 01:31:30,657
AND THAT'S EATING A LOT OF JUNK.
3269
01:31:30,657 --> 01:31:34,730
>> MM-HMM.
3270
01:31:34,730 --> 01:31:36,974
>> SO, YOU -- I BELIEVE YOU'VE
3271
01:31:36,974 --> 01:31:38,838
PROVED YOUR POINT.
3272
01:31:38,838 --> 01:31:41,979
SEE, BUT YOU DID IT WITH AN EYE
3273
01:31:41,979 --> 01:31:43,187
TOWARDS AN END.
3274
01:31:43,187 --> 01:31:44,153
>> MM-HMM.
3275
01:31:44,153 --> 01:31:44,637
>> OKAY?
3276
01:31:44,637 --> 01:31:45,914
YOU HAD AN IDEA WHAT YOU WERE
3277
01:31:45,914 --> 01:31:46,328
DOING.
3278
01:31:46,328 --> 01:31:47,605
YOU KNEW WHAT YOU WERE DOING,
3279
01:31:47,605 --> 01:31:48,917
AND IN SPITE OF THAT, YOU WERE
3280
01:31:48,917 --> 01:31:49,883
ABLE TO DO SOMETHING.
3281
01:31:49,883 --> 01:31:51,471
I'M IMPRESSED.
3282
01:31:51,471 --> 01:31:52,990
AND I WOULD AGREE WITH YOU.
3283
01:31:52,990 --> 01:31:54,612
THERE'S MORE TO IT THAN JUST,
3284
01:31:54,612 --> 01:31:57,408
YOU KNOW, NO FAST FOOD.
3285
01:31:57,408 --> 01:31:58,443
>> DO YOU EVER WAKE UP IN THE
3286
01:31:58,443 --> 01:31:59,375
MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT AND GO,
3287
01:31:59,375 --> 01:32:00,411
"CHEESEBURGER, CHEESEBURGER"?
3288
01:32:00,411 --> 01:32:01,481
>> YEAH, EVERY NIGHT -- ALMOST
3289
01:32:01,481 --> 01:32:01,964
EVERY NIGHT.
3290
01:32:01,964 --> 01:32:03,000
I GET, LIKE, THE SHAKES AND
3291
01:32:03,000 --> 01:32:04,173
WITHDRAWALS, THEN I START, LIKE,
3292
01:32:04,173 --> 01:32:04,795
HITTING PEOPLE.
3293
01:32:04,795 --> 01:32:05,520
>> I'VE DONE THAT.
3294
01:32:05,520 --> 01:32:06,693
>> I NEED CHICKEN NUGGETS OR --
3295
01:32:06,693 --> 01:32:07,867
>> NOW, SEE, I THOUGHT I WAS THE
3296
01:32:07,867 --> 01:32:08,350
ONLY ONE.
3297
01:32:08,350 --> 01:32:08,868
>> YEAH. NO.
3298
01:32:08,868 --> 01:32:10,352
>> DON'T GET ME WRONG.
3299
01:32:10,352 --> 01:32:12,285
A FAST-FOOD DIET IS NOT A GOOD
3300
01:32:12,285 --> 01:32:12,803
DIET.
3301
01:32:12,803 --> 01:32:14,770
A GOOD DIET WOULD INCLUDE A LOT
3302
01:32:14,770 --> 01:32:16,531
MORE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.
3303
01:32:16,531 --> 01:32:18,498
BUT IF I CAN EAT FAST FOOD EVERY
3304
01:32:18,498 --> 01:32:20,051
MEAL FOR 28 DAYS AND LOSE
3305
01:32:20,051 --> 01:32:21,777
WEIGHT, THEN MOST PEOPLE CAN
3306
01:32:21,777 --> 01:32:23,572
CERTAINLY EAT FAST FOOD A FEW
3307
01:32:23,572 --> 01:32:25,367
TIMES A WEEK WITHOUT BECOMING
3308
01:32:25,367 --> 01:32:26,264
OBESE.
3309
01:32:26,264 --> 01:32:27,852
I WAS HAPPY TO LOSE THE 12
3310
01:32:27,852 --> 01:32:29,440
POUNDS, BUT I WASN'T QUITE
3311
01:32:29,440 --> 01:32:30,717
FINISHED WITH DIETS.
3312
01:32:30,717 --> 01:32:32,477
WHILE RESEARCHING THIS FILM, I
3313
01:32:32,477 --> 01:32:34,272
WAS SURPRISED TO LEARN THAT THE
3314
01:32:34,272 --> 01:32:36,102
LIPID HYPOTHESIS MIGHT BE A LOAD
3315
01:32:36,102 --> 01:32:36,896
OF BALONEY.
3316
01:32:36,896 --> 01:32:38,863
SO, WITH A LITTLE ENCOURAGEMENT
3317
01:32:38,863 --> 01:32:40,727
FROM DR. EADES, I DECIDED TO
3318
01:32:40,727 --> 01:32:42,660
CONDUCT A ONE-MAN EXPERIMENT.
3319
01:32:42,660 --> 01:32:44,662
FOR A SOLID MONTH, I CUT ALL THE
3320
01:32:44,662 --> 01:32:46,664
SUGAR AND STARCH OUT OF MY DIET,
3321
01:32:46,664 --> 01:32:48,528
AND I WENT ON A SATURATED-FAT
3322
01:32:48,528 --> 01:32:49,425
PIG-OUT.
3323
01:32:49,425 --> 01:32:51,013
FOR BREAKFAST, I ATE TWO OR
3324
01:32:51,013 --> 01:32:52,877
THREE EGGS FRIED IN BUTTER EVERY
3325
01:32:52,877 --> 01:32:54,465
DAY, WITH PLENTY OF BACON.
3326
01:32:54,465 --> 01:32:55,915
WHEN I WAS TRAVELING, I ATE
3327
01:32:55,915 --> 01:32:57,468
SAUSAGE McMUFFINS WITHOUT THE
3328
01:32:57,468 --> 01:32:58,573
MUFFINS.
3329
01:32:58,573 --> 01:33:00,436
FOR LUNCH, I HAD CHEESEBURGERS
3330
01:33:00,436 --> 01:33:02,024
WITHOUT BUNS, COVERED WITH
3331
01:33:02,024 --> 01:33:03,957
PLENTY OF ONIONS FRIED IN -- YOU
3332
01:33:03,957 --> 01:33:05,580
GUESSED IT -- COCONUT OIL.
3333
01:33:05,580 --> 01:33:07,685
FOR DINNER, I HAD NICELY MARBLED
3334
01:33:07,685 --> 01:33:09,480
STEAKS OR POLISH SAUSAGES.
3335
01:33:09,480 --> 01:33:11,516
MY FAVORITE SNACK WAS SHREDDED
3336
01:33:11,516 --> 01:33:13,449
CHEESE FRIED IN COCONUT OIL.
3337
01:33:13,449 --> 01:33:15,106
I ALSO ATE PLENTY OF FRUIT
3338
01:33:15,106 --> 01:33:16,832
COVERED WITH HEAVY CREAM AND
3339
01:33:16,832 --> 01:33:18,420
LOTS OF GREEN VEGETABLES
3340
01:33:18,420 --> 01:33:20,318
PRACTICALLY SWIMMING IN BUTTER.
3341
01:33:20,318 --> 01:33:21,975
DURING THAT SAME MONTH, I HAD A
3342
01:33:21,975 --> 01:33:23,598
BIG PROGRAMMING PROJECT WITH A
3343
01:33:23,598 --> 01:33:25,289
TIGHT DEADLINE, SO I SPENT A LOT
3344
01:33:25,289 --> 01:33:26,946
OF NIGHTS WORKING UNTIL 2:00 IN
3345
01:33:26,946 --> 01:33:28,085
THE MORNING.
3346
01:33:28,085 --> 01:33:29,880
BUT I NEVER FELT EXHAUSTED.
3347
01:33:29,880 --> 01:33:31,847
IN FACT, MY ENERGY AND MY MOOD
3348
01:33:31,847 --> 01:33:33,159
WERE GREAT.
3349
01:33:33,159 --> 01:33:34,885
AT THE END OF THAT MONTH, I HAD
3350
01:33:34,885 --> 01:33:36,576
YET ANOTHER CHOLESTEROL TEST.
3351
01:33:36,576 --> 01:33:37,957
THE RESULTS?
3352
01:33:37,957 --> 01:33:40,028
WELL, LET'S JUST SAY SOMEBODY
3353
01:33:40,028 --> 01:33:41,926
HAS SOME EXPLAINING TO DO.
3354
01:33:41,926 --> 01:33:44,273
MY OVERALL CHOLESTEROL DROPPED,
3355
01:33:44,273 --> 01:33:45,792
AND MY HDL SHOT UP.
3356
01:33:45,792 --> 01:33:47,138
THE EXPERTS WHO THINK
3357
01:33:47,138 --> 01:33:49,037
CHOLESTEROL IS IMPORTANT TELL US
3358
01:33:49,037 --> 01:33:50,866
TO WATCH OUR CHOLESTEROL RATIO,
3359
01:33:50,866 --> 01:33:52,627
WHICH IS CALCULATED BY DIVIDING
3360
01:33:52,627 --> 01:33:54,249
YOUR TOTAL CHOLESTEROL BY YOUR
3361
01:33:54,249 --> 01:33:55,491
HDL.
3362
01:33:55,491 --> 01:33:57,355
AFTER A SOLID MONTH OF EATING
3363
01:33:57,355 --> 01:33:59,219
EVERYTHING THE EXPERTS SAY IS
3364
01:33:59,219 --> 01:34:00,704
BAD FOR YOUR HEART, MY
3365
01:34:00,704 --> 01:34:02,533
CHOLESTEROL RATIO DROPPED TO
3366
01:34:02,533 --> 01:34:04,052
3.27.
3367
01:34:04,052 --> 01:34:06,779
ACCORDING TO THE EXPERTS, THAT'S
3368
01:34:06,779 --> 01:34:08,021
OUTSTANDING.
3369
01:34:08,021 --> 01:34:09,851
WHEN I THINK OF ALL THE TIMES I
3370
01:34:09,851 --> 01:34:11,749
HAD LOW-FAT CEREAL WHEN I REALLY
3371
01:34:11,749 --> 01:34:13,406
WANTED BACON AND EGGS, OR A
3372
01:34:13,406 --> 01:34:15,166
SKINLESS CHICKEN BREAST WHEN I
3373
01:34:15,166 --> 01:34:16,858
REALLY WANTED A JUICY STEAK,
3374
01:34:16,858 --> 01:34:19,792
WELL, IT KIND OF PISSES ME OFF.
3375
01:34:19,792 --> 01:34:21,517
SO, LET'S REVIEW.
3376
01:34:21,517 --> 01:34:23,209
WHO TOLD AMERICANS TO AVOID
3377
01:34:23,209 --> 01:34:25,038
SATURATED FATS, WHICH MAKE YOU
3378
01:34:25,038 --> 01:34:26,833
FEEL FULL AND HAPPY AND DON'T
3379
01:34:26,833 --> 01:34:28,801
SPIKE YOUR BLOOD SUGAR, AND TOLD
3380
01:34:28,801 --> 01:34:30,699
US INSTEAD TO EAT LOTS AND LOTS
3381
01:34:30,699 --> 01:34:32,425
OF CARBOHYDRATES, WHICH DO SPIKE
3382
01:34:32,425 --> 01:34:33,978
YOUR BLOOD SUGAR AND MAKE YOU
3383
01:34:33,978 --> 01:34:35,635
HUNGRY AGAIN SOON AFTER EATING
3384
01:34:35,635 --> 01:34:36,463
THEM?
3385
01:34:36,463 --> 01:34:38,017
YOUR GOVERNMENT.
3386
01:34:38,017 --> 01:34:39,604
WHO CUT FUNDING FOR P.E.
3387
01:34:39,604 --> 01:34:41,572
PROGRAMS AND EVEN, ACCORDING TO
3388
01:34:41,572 --> 01:34:43,401
JOHN BANZHAF, DOESN'T PROVIDE
3389
01:34:43,401 --> 01:34:45,093
ENOUGH PLAYGROUNDS IN MANY
3390
01:34:45,093 --> 01:34:45,680
AREAS?
3391
01:34:45,680 --> 01:34:47,026
YOUR GOVERNMENT.
3392
01:34:47,026 --> 01:34:48,786
WHO PUSHED TRANS FATS INTO THE
3393
01:34:48,786 --> 01:34:50,443
FAST-FOOD RESTAURANTS RIGHT
3394
01:34:50,443 --> 01:34:52,238
AROUND THE TIME MORE AMERICANS
3395
01:34:52,238 --> 01:34:53,618
WERE EATING FAST FOOD?
3396
01:34:53,618 --> 01:34:56,242
THE GUY FROM CSPI!
3397
01:34:56,242 --> 01:34:57,830
SO, WHO DOES MORGAN SPURLOCK
3398
01:34:57,830 --> 01:34:59,383
BLAME FOR AMERICA'S GROWING
3399
01:34:59,383 --> 01:35:02,041
WAISTLINE?
3400
01:35:02,041 --> 01:35:03,870
RONALD McDONALD.
3401
01:35:03,870 --> 01:35:05,700
AND WHO DO THE FOOD EVANGELISTS
3402
01:35:05,700 --> 01:35:07,494
WANT TO SWOOP IN AND SOLVE THIS
3403
01:35:07,494 --> 01:35:08,219
PROBLEM?
3404
01:35:08,219 --> 01:35:09,531
[ BOING! ]
3405
01:35:09,531 --> 01:35:11,395
YOUR GOVERNMENT.
3406
01:35:11,395 --> 01:35:12,879
>> THAT REMINDS ME THAT THE ONLY
3407
01:35:12,879 --> 01:35:14,260
SAVING GRACE OF GOVERNMENT IS
3408
01:35:14,260 --> 01:35:15,468
THAT THEY'RE INCOMPETENT,
3409
01:35:15,468 --> 01:35:16,814
BECAUSE IF THEY COULD DO WHAT
3410
01:35:16,814 --> 01:35:18,298
THEY REALLY WANTED, IT WOULD BE
3411
01:35:18,298 --> 01:35:19,437
HORRIBLE FOR ALL OF US.
3412
01:35:19,437 --> 01:35:21,094
>> AND NOW FOR THE ONE QUESTION
3413
01:35:21,094 --> 01:35:22,233
THAT REALLY MATTERS.
3414
01:35:22,233 --> 01:35:24,028
WHO DECIDES TO DRINK 44-OUNCE
3415
01:35:24,028 --> 01:35:25,720
SODAS AND EAT BIG BOWLS OF
3416
01:35:25,720 --> 01:35:27,583
SUGARY CEREAL AND LARGE ORDERS
3417
01:35:27,583 --> 01:35:29,378
OF FRIES, AND THEN GO HOME AND
3418
01:35:29,378 --> 01:35:31,242
SIT IN FRONT OF THE TV AND EAT
3419
01:35:31,242 --> 01:35:32,865
MORE SUGAR AND MORE STARCH
3420
01:35:32,865 --> 01:35:34,798
INSTEAD OF TAKING UP A SPORT OR
3421
01:35:34,798 --> 01:35:37,179
JUST GOING FOR A LONG WALK?
3422
01:35:37,179 --> 01:35:38,802
YOU DO.
3423
01:35:38,802 --> 01:35:42,288
AND IF THAT'S YOUR CHOICE...
3424
01:35:42,288 --> 01:35:44,255
>> SO IT IS -- AND I THINK, FOR
3425
01:35:44,255 --> 01:35:46,223
THE MOST PART -- A VERY SINCERE
3426
01:35:46,223 --> 01:35:49,191
BLINDNESS...
3427
01:35:49,191 --> 01:35:52,298
TO THE POSSIBILITY THAT OTHER
3428
01:35:52,298 --> 01:35:54,610
PEOPLE MIGHT JUST HAVE DIFFERENT
3429
01:35:54,610 --> 01:35:56,060
VALUES AND PREFERENCES THAN THEY
3430
01:35:56,060 --> 01:35:56,889
DO...
3431
01:35:56,889 --> 01:35:57,993
>> I LOVE HAMBURGERS.
3432
01:35:57,993 --> 01:35:59,339
I LOVE FRENCH FRIES.
3433
01:35:59,339 --> 01:35:59,892
I LOVE COKE.
3434
01:35:59,892 --> 01:36:00,789
I LOVE TO GO IN THERE.
3435
01:36:00,789 --> 01:36:01,928
AND YOU KNOW, THERE ARE TIMES
3436
01:36:01,928 --> 01:36:02,998
WHEN I EAT THESE MEALS, EVEN
3437
01:36:02,998 --> 01:36:04,172
THOUGH I KNOW THAT THIS IS NOT
3438
01:36:04,172 --> 01:36:05,414
THE HEALTHIEST FOOD FOR ME TO BE
3439
01:36:05,414 --> 01:36:05,967
EATING.
3440
01:36:05,967 --> 01:36:07,347
>> ...AND THAT, IN A FREE
3441
01:36:07,347 --> 01:36:08,555
SOCIETY, THAT'S OKAY.
3442
01:36:08,555 --> 01:36:10,626
YOU KNOW, IT'S ALL RIGHT.
3443
01:36:10,626 --> 01:36:12,111
>> ♪ WELL, I'M LYSINE, BROMIDE,
3444
01:36:12,111 --> 01:36:12,594
VAR-- ♪
3445
01:36:12,594 --> 01:36:13,837
[ RECORD SCRATCHES ]
3446
01:36:13,837 --> 01:36:14,941
>> WAIT A MINUTE.
3447
01:36:14,941 --> 01:36:16,598
THAT WAS THREE YEARS AGO, SO
3448
01:36:16,598 --> 01:36:18,151
LET'S DO SOME CATCHING UP.
3449
01:36:18,151 --> 01:36:19,843
BY THE TIME I FINISHED MAKING
3450
01:36:19,843 --> 01:36:21,258
THIS DOCUMENTARY, I WAS
3451
01:36:21,258 --> 01:36:22,984
FASCINATED WITH NUTRITION AND
3452
01:36:22,984 --> 01:36:24,226
HEALTH, SO I KEPT ON
3453
01:36:24,226 --> 01:36:25,089
RESEARCHING.
3454
01:36:25,089 --> 01:36:26,642
I'VE READ DOZENS OF BOOKS AND
3455
01:36:26,642 --> 01:36:28,127
HUNDREDS OF STUDIES, AND I'VE
3456
01:36:28,127 --> 01:36:29,645
INTERVIEWED QUITE A FEW MORE
3457
01:36:29,645 --> 01:36:31,233
DOCTORS AND RESEARCHERS WHO SAY
3458
01:36:31,233 --> 01:36:33,580
THE LOW-FAT, HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE
3459
01:36:33,580 --> 01:36:35,928
DIET RECOMMENDED BY THE USDA IS
3460
01:36:35,928 --> 01:36:37,481
A LOAD OF BALONEY.
3461
01:36:37,481 --> 01:36:38,965
YES, A LOT OF THE SO-CALLED
3462
01:36:38,965 --> 01:36:40,553
EXPERTS STILL BELIEVE IN THE
3463
01:36:40,553 --> 01:36:42,072
LIPID HYPOTHESIS, BUT EVERY
3464
01:36:42,072 --> 01:36:43,590
YEAR, THERE'S MORE AND MORE
3465
01:36:43,590 --> 01:36:45,144
EVIDENCE THAT THEY'RE WRONG.
3466
01:36:45,144 --> 01:36:46,559
HERE'S WHAT ONE GROUP OF
3467
01:36:46,559 --> 01:36:48,181
RESEARCHERS HAD TO SAY AFTER
3468
01:36:48,181 --> 01:36:49,976
GOING BACK AND EXAMINING ALL THE
3469
01:36:49,976 --> 01:36:51,184
RELEVANT STUDIES.
3470
01:36:51,184 --> 01:36:53,324
THERE'S NO SIGNIFICANT EVIDENCE
3471
01:36:53,324 --> 01:36:55,188
FOR CONCLUDING THAT DIETARY
3472
01:36:55,188 --> 01:36:57,397
SATURATED FAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH
3473
01:36:57,397 --> 01:36:59,399
AN INCREASED RISK OF CORONARY
3474
01:36:59,399 --> 01:37:01,539
HEART DISEASE OR CARDIOVASCULAR
3475
01:37:01,539 --> 01:37:02,713
DISEASE.
3476
01:37:02,713 --> 01:37:04,059
MEANWHILE, THERE HAVE BEEN
3477
01:37:04,059 --> 01:37:05,336
SEVERAL CLINICAL STUDIES
3478
01:37:05,336 --> 01:37:06,890
COMPARING DIETS THAT ARE LOW IN
3479
01:37:06,890 --> 01:37:08,512
CARBOHYDRATES VERSUS DIETS THAT
3480
01:37:08,512 --> 01:37:09,927
ARE LOW IN BOTH CALORIES AND
3481
01:37:09,927 --> 01:37:10,479
FAT.
3482
01:37:10,479 --> 01:37:11,618
AND GUESS WHAT.
3483
01:37:11,618 --> 01:37:13,724
THE LOW-CARBOHYDRATE DIETS KEEP
3484
01:37:13,724 --> 01:37:15,036
COMING OUT ON TOP.
3485
01:37:15,036 --> 01:37:16,934
PEOPLE NOT ONLY LOSE MORE WEIGHT
3486
01:37:16,934 --> 01:37:18,798
WITHOUT COUNTING CALORIES, THEY
3487
01:37:18,798 --> 01:37:20,627
ALSO IMPROVE THEIR RISK FACTORS
3488
01:37:20,627 --> 01:37:22,457
FOR HEART DISEASE AND METABOLIC
3489
01:37:22,457 --> 01:37:24,735
SYNDROME MORE THAN PEOPLE WHO GO
3490
01:37:24,735 --> 01:37:26,047
ON LOW-FAT DIETS.
3491
01:37:26,047 --> 01:37:27,980
AS A RESULT, MORE DOCTORS AND
3492
01:37:27,980 --> 01:37:30,051
SCIENTISTS ARE COMING AROUND TO
3493
01:37:30,051 --> 01:37:32,053
THE SAME CONCLUSION -- DIETARY
3494
01:37:32,053 --> 01:37:34,227
FAT WAS NEVER THE PROBLEM.
3495
01:37:34,227 --> 01:37:36,678
THE PROBLEM IS TOO MANY REFINED
3496
01:37:36,678 --> 01:37:38,197
CARBOHYDRATES.
3497
01:37:38,197 --> 01:37:39,819
AND THAT MESSAGE IS FINALLY
3498
01:37:39,819 --> 01:37:41,372
STARTING TO SHOW UP IN THE
3499
01:37:41,372 --> 01:37:43,996
MAINSTREAM MEDIA.
3500
01:37:43,996 --> 01:37:45,618
SO, AM I STILL ON A LOW-CARB
3501
01:37:45,618 --> 01:37:46,067
DIET?
3502
01:37:46,067 --> 01:37:48,345
YES, BUT WITH SOME IMPORTANT
3503
01:37:48,345 --> 01:37:49,242
CHANGES.
3504
01:37:49,242 --> 01:37:51,106
WHEN I WAS SHOOTING "FAT HEAD,"
3505
01:37:51,106 --> 01:37:53,005
MY MAIN FOCUS WAS ON LIMITING MY
3506
01:37:53,005 --> 01:37:54,696
CARBOHYDRATES TO AROUND 100
3507
01:37:54,696 --> 01:37:55,662
GRAMS PER DAY.
3508
01:37:55,662 --> 01:37:57,319
SO IF I COULD EAT A HAMBURGER
3509
01:37:57,319 --> 01:37:59,149
BUN OR SOME FRIED-CHICKEN STRIPS
3510
01:37:59,149 --> 01:38:00,875
WITHOUT GOING OVER THE LIMIT,
3511
01:38:00,875 --> 01:38:02,186
THAT WAS OKAY WITH ME.
3512
01:38:02,186 --> 01:38:03,567
AND FOR SOME TIME AFTER
3513
01:38:03,567 --> 01:38:04,913
FINISHING "FAT HEAD," I
3514
01:38:04,913 --> 01:38:06,777
CONTINUED EATING WHAT I NOW CALL
3515
01:38:06,777 --> 01:38:08,399
LOW-CARB JUNK FOODS --
3516
01:38:08,399 --> 01:38:09,884
LOW-CARB BREAD, LOW-CARB
3517
01:38:09,884 --> 01:38:11,644
ICE CREAM, LOW-CARB PASTA,
3518
01:38:11,644 --> 01:38:13,370
LOW-CARB DESSERT BARS, AND
3519
01:38:13,370 --> 01:38:14,095
SO ON.
3520
01:38:14,095 --> 01:38:16,028
WELL, NOT ANYMORE.
3521
01:38:16,028 --> 01:38:17,581
IN THE PAST COUPLE OF YEARS,
3522
01:38:17,581 --> 01:38:19,272
I'VE BECOME AWARE OF RESEARCHERS
3523
01:38:19,272 --> 01:38:20,825
AND AUTHORS WHO PROMOTE WHAT
3524
01:38:20,825 --> 01:38:22,379
THEY CALL A PRIMAL DIET, OR A
3525
01:38:22,379 --> 01:38:23,863
PALEO DIET.
3526
01:38:23,863 --> 01:38:25,830
THE IDEA BEHIND THESE DIETS IS
3527
01:38:25,830 --> 01:38:27,902
BASED ON EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY.
3528
01:38:27,902 --> 01:38:29,973
AND IN A NUTSHELL, IT GOES LIKE
3529
01:38:29,973 --> 01:38:30,594
THIS.
3530
01:38:30,594 --> 01:38:32,561
YES, YOU MAY TALK ON A CELLPHONE
3531
01:38:32,561 --> 01:38:34,253
AND SURF THE INTERNET, BUT,
3532
01:38:34,253 --> 01:38:35,910
GENETICALLY, YOU'RE ALMOST
3533
01:38:35,910 --> 01:38:37,877
EXACTLY THE SAME AS YOUR CAVEMAN
3534
01:38:37,877 --> 01:38:38,671
ANCESTORS.
3535
01:38:38,671 --> 01:38:40,259
WHEN YOU EAT MODERN PROCESSED
3536
01:38:40,259 --> 01:38:41,950
FOODS THAT YOUR ANCESTORS NEVER
3537
01:38:41,950 --> 01:38:43,710
WOULD HAVE EATEN, THERE'S A GOOD
3538
01:38:43,710 --> 01:38:45,436
CHANCE THOSE FOODS WILL MAKE YOU
3539
01:38:45,436 --> 01:38:47,197
SICK, BECAUSE, GENETICALLY,
3540
01:38:47,197 --> 01:38:49,268
WE'RE JUST NOT ADAPTED TO EATING
3541
01:38:49,268 --> 01:38:49,854
THEM.
3542
01:38:49,854 --> 01:38:51,477
AND BESIDES SUGAR, ONE OF THE
3543
01:38:51,477 --> 01:38:53,099
MOST MODERN AND MOST DAMAGING
3544
01:38:53,099 --> 01:38:56,516
FOODS WE CONSUME TODAY IS WHEAT.
3545
01:38:56,516 --> 01:38:58,173
>> WHAT WE HAVE TODAY CALLED
3546
01:38:58,173 --> 01:39:00,072
WHEAT IS NOT WHAT WE THINK OF --
3547
01:39:00,072 --> 01:39:01,418
THAT IS, THIS 4 1/2-,
3548
01:39:01,418 --> 01:39:03,316
5-FOOT-TALL PLANT THAT STANDS UP
3549
01:39:03,316 --> 01:39:04,973
TO YOUR SHOULDERS ON A GROWN
3550
01:39:04,973 --> 01:39:05,801
ADULT.
3551
01:39:05,801 --> 01:39:08,735
IT IS A 2-FOOT-TALL, SHORT,
3552
01:39:08,735 --> 01:39:11,359
STOCKY PLANT THAT HAS A VERY
3553
01:39:11,359 --> 01:39:13,740
LARGE SEEDHEAD, A VERY THICK
3554
01:39:13,740 --> 01:39:16,260
STALK, BUT YIELDS ABOUT TENFOLD
3555
01:39:16,260 --> 01:39:17,641
MORE PER ACRE.
3556
01:39:17,641 --> 01:39:19,401
SO, THIS WAS INTRODUCED IN THE
3557
01:39:19,401 --> 01:39:19,850
'70s.
3558
01:39:19,850 --> 01:39:20,989
IT CAUGHT ON GRADUALLY.
3559
01:39:20,989 --> 01:39:22,301
MANY FARMERS, BY THE WAY,
3560
01:39:22,301 --> 01:39:23,854
THOUGHT THIS THING LOOKED WEIRD
3561
01:39:23,854 --> 01:39:25,269
AND DIDN'T WANT TO GROW IT IN
3562
01:39:25,269 --> 01:39:26,477
THE LATE '70s.
3563
01:39:26,477 --> 01:39:28,721
BUT ONCE THEY SAW THE INCREDIBLE
3564
01:39:28,721 --> 01:39:30,895
INCREASE IN YIELD, THEY RAPIDLY
3565
01:39:30,895 --> 01:39:33,001
EMBRACED IT IN THE EARLY '80s,
3566
01:39:33,001 --> 01:39:36,004
SUCH THAT, BY 1985, WHEN YOU
3567
01:39:36,004 --> 01:39:37,764
WENT TO THE GROCERY STORE AND
3568
01:39:37,764 --> 01:39:39,456
BOUGHT BREAD, COOKIES, CAKES,
3569
01:39:39,456 --> 01:39:41,251
PRETZELS, CRACKERS -- ANYTHING
3570
01:39:41,251 --> 01:39:43,011
MADE OF WHEAT -- VIRTUALLY ALL
3571
01:39:43,011 --> 01:39:44,909
OF IT CAME FROM THIS HIGH-YIELD,
3572
01:39:44,909 --> 01:39:47,774
SEMI-DWARF STRAIN.
3573
01:39:47,774 --> 01:39:49,259
>> OKAY, SO TODAY'S WHEAT ISN'T
3574
01:39:49,259 --> 01:39:50,743
THE SAME AS YOUR GRANDMOTHER'S
3575
01:39:50,743 --> 01:39:51,537
WHEAT.
3576
01:39:51,537 --> 01:39:52,779
SO WHAT?
3577
01:39:52,779 --> 01:39:54,954
>> YOU CANNOT CHANGE A PLANT TO
3578
01:39:54,954 --> 01:39:57,163
THIS INCREDIBLE DEGREE, OFTEN
3579
01:39:57,163 --> 01:39:59,131
USING BIZARRE AND EXTREME
3580
01:39:59,131 --> 01:40:01,581
TECHNIQUES, WITHOUT CHANGING ITS
3581
01:40:01,581 --> 01:40:03,411
UNDERLYING GENETICS AND
3582
01:40:03,411 --> 01:40:04,619
BIOCHEMISTRY.
3583
01:40:04,619 --> 01:40:06,552
WE KNOW THAT MULTIPLE PROTEINS
3584
01:40:06,552 --> 01:40:08,105
IN WHEAT -- THE GLIADIN
3585
01:40:08,105 --> 01:40:10,038
PROTEINS, THE GLUTEN PROTEINS,
3586
01:40:10,038 --> 01:40:11,936
THE LECTIN PROTEINS, PROBABLY
3587
01:40:11,936 --> 01:40:13,559
THE GLUTENIN PROTEINS -- THERE
3588
01:40:13,559 --> 01:40:15,078
ARE A WHOLE LONG LIST OF NEW
3589
01:40:15,078 --> 01:40:16,355
PROTEINS THAT ARE JUST
3590
01:40:16,355 --> 01:40:17,873
DIFFERENT, PERHAPS BY A FEW
3591
01:40:17,873 --> 01:40:19,151
AMINO ACIDS, BUT AS ANY
3592
01:40:19,151 --> 01:40:20,876
ALLERGIST WILL TELL YOU, IT JUST
3593
01:40:20,876 --> 01:40:22,326
TAKES A SHIFT OF A COUPLE,
3594
01:40:22,326 --> 01:40:24,018
THREE, A HANDFUL OF AMINO ACIDS
3595
01:40:24,018 --> 01:40:25,847
IN A PROTEIN, AND IT CAN MAKE A
3596
01:40:25,847 --> 01:40:27,642
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NO REACTION
3597
01:40:27,642 --> 01:40:28,988
AND A FATAL REACTION.
3598
01:40:28,988 --> 01:40:30,472
SO WE KNOW THAT THERE HAVE BEEN
3599
01:40:30,472 --> 01:40:31,887
EXTENSIVE CHANGES INTRODUCED
3600
01:40:31,887 --> 01:40:33,027
INTO THE WHEAT PLANT.
3601
01:40:33,027 --> 01:40:34,752
NOW WE'RE SEEING THE DOWNSTREAM
3602
01:40:34,752 --> 01:40:35,546
CONSEQUENCE.
3603
01:40:35,546 --> 01:40:37,100
WE'RE SEEING THIS INCREDIBLE
3604
01:40:37,100 --> 01:40:38,549
SURGE IN DISEASES.
3605
01:40:38,549 --> 01:40:39,999
I WOULDN'T HAVE EVEN THOUGHT TO
3606
01:40:39,999 --> 01:40:41,380
PUT TWO AND TWO TOGETHER UNTIL
3607
01:40:41,380 --> 01:40:42,691
WE SAW WHAT HAPPENED WHEN WE
3608
01:40:42,691 --> 01:40:44,624
TOOK WHEAT OUT OF THE DIET.
3609
01:40:44,624 --> 01:40:46,178
>> WHEN I STOPPED EATING WHEAT
3610
01:40:46,178 --> 01:40:47,558
AND OTHER GRAINS, I WAVED
3611
01:40:47,558 --> 01:40:49,008
GOODBYE TO SEVERAL ANNOYING
3612
01:40:49,008 --> 01:40:50,354
HEALTH PROBLEMS.
3613
01:40:50,354 --> 01:40:52,115
SO I'M STILL ON A LOW-CARB DIET,
3614
01:40:52,115 --> 01:40:53,702
BUT IT'S A DIET BASED ON
3615
01:40:53,702 --> 01:40:55,980
UNPROCESSED, WHOLE FOODS --
3616
01:40:55,980 --> 01:40:58,224
MEATS, EGGS, SEAFOOD, FRUITS,
3617
01:40:58,224 --> 01:40:59,881
VEGETABLES, AND NUTS, WITH A
3618
01:40:59,881 --> 01:41:01,572
LITTLE BIT OF FULL-FAT DAIRY.
3619
01:41:01,572 --> 01:41:03,471
I ONLY EAT FAST FOOD ON RARE
3620
01:41:03,471 --> 01:41:05,611
OCCASIONS, AND WHEN I DO, I SKIP
3621
01:41:05,611 --> 01:41:07,647
THE HAMBURGER BUNS COMPLETELY.
3622
01:41:07,647 --> 01:41:10,581
MY LIFESTYLE HAS ALSO CHANGED.
3623
01:41:10,581 --> 01:41:12,273
WHEN I WAS MAKING "FAT HEAD," I
3624
01:41:12,273 --> 01:41:13,895
LIVED IN BURBANK, CALIFORNIA,
3625
01:41:13,895 --> 01:41:15,793
RIGHT NEXT TO LOS ANGELES.
3626
01:41:15,793 --> 01:41:17,347
WHEN MY DAUGHTERS STARTED
3627
01:41:17,347 --> 01:41:18,900
SCHOOL, I ASKED MYSELF A
3628
01:41:18,900 --> 01:41:19,625
QUESTION.
3629
01:41:19,625 --> 01:41:21,868
DO I WANT MY KIDS TO GROW UP TO
3630
01:41:21,868 --> 01:41:23,007
BE L.A. KIDS?
3631
01:41:23,007 --> 01:41:25,286
WOULD I WANT TO GROW UP HERE?
3632
01:41:25,286 --> 01:41:27,184
SO WE MOVED ACROSS THE COUNTRY
3633
01:41:27,184 --> 01:41:29,186
TO A SMALL TOWN IN TENNESSEE AND
3634
01:41:29,186 --> 01:41:31,154
EVENTUALLY BOUGHT A SMALL FARM.
3635
01:41:31,154 --> 01:41:33,087
WE'VE STARTED RAISING MORE OF
3636
01:41:33,087 --> 01:41:34,985
OUR OWN FOOD, AND WE SHOP FOR
3637
01:41:34,985 --> 01:41:36,676
EGGS IN OUR OWN HENHOUSE.
3638
01:41:36,676 --> 01:41:38,954
THE EGGS ARE DELICIOUS.
3639
01:41:38,954 --> 01:41:40,749
BOTH OF MY DAUGHTERS LIVE ON
3640
01:41:40,749 --> 01:41:42,648
DIETS THAT ARE HIGH IN FAT AND
3641
01:41:42,648 --> 01:41:44,650
RELATIVELY LOW IN CARBOHYDRATES.
3642
01:41:44,650 --> 01:41:46,548
OF COURSE, THAT MEANS WE'RE
3643
01:41:46,548 --> 01:41:48,723
FEEDING THEM ALMOST EXACTLY THE
3644
01:41:48,723 --> 01:41:50,932
OPPOSITE OF THE DIET RECOMMENDED
3645
01:41:50,932 --> 01:41:51,933
BY THE USDA.
3646
01:41:51,933 --> 01:41:53,452
THE RESULT?
3647
01:41:53,452 --> 01:41:55,385
BOTH OF MY GIRLS ARE LEAN AND
3648
01:41:55,385 --> 01:41:57,283
STRONG AND ENERGETIC, THEY'RE
3649
01:41:57,283 --> 01:41:59,251
ALMOST NEVER SICK, AND THEY'VE
3650
01:41:59,251 --> 01:42:01,045
NEVER HAD A SINGLE CAVITY.
3651
01:42:01,045 --> 01:42:02,978
AND THEY SOMEHOW MANAGE TO GET
3652
01:42:02,978 --> 01:42:04,773
STRAIGHT A's IN SCHOOL, EVEN
3653
01:42:04,773 --> 01:42:06,810
THOUGH THE EXPERTS SAY KIDS NEED
3654
01:42:06,810 --> 01:42:08,674
LOTS OF CARBOHYDRATES TO FUEL
3655
01:42:08,674 --> 01:42:10,089
THEIR BRAINS.
3656
01:42:10,089 --> 01:42:11,711
I DON'T GO FOR LONG WALKS AT
3657
01:42:11,711 --> 01:42:13,541
NIGHT ANYMORE BECAUSE, FRANKLY,
3658
01:42:13,541 --> 01:42:15,336
I'M AFRAID, IF I WALK AROUND OUR
3659
01:42:15,336 --> 01:42:16,992
FIELDS AFTER DARK, I'LL TRIP
3660
01:42:16,992 --> 01:42:18,822
OVER A ROCK OR STEP ON SOMETHING
3661
01:42:18,822 --> 01:42:20,306
WITH FANGS.
3662
01:42:20,306 --> 01:42:22,377
SO NOW I GET IN MY WALKING BY
3663
01:42:22,377 --> 01:42:24,310
PLAYING DISC GOLF ON MY OWN
3664
01:42:24,310 --> 01:42:24,931
LAND.
3665
01:42:24,931 --> 01:42:26,416
MY DAUGHTER SARA IS GETTING
3666
01:42:26,416 --> 01:42:27,969
PRETTY GOOD AT THE GAME, AND
3667
01:42:27,969 --> 01:42:30,144
I'M, UH, NOT BAD.
3668
01:42:30,144 --> 01:42:31,938
I ALSO GO TO A GYM ONCE A WEEK
3669
01:42:31,938 --> 01:42:33,457
AND LIFT WEIGHTS, USING A
3670
01:42:33,457 --> 01:42:35,114
SLOW-MOTION TRAINING METHOD
3671
01:42:35,114 --> 01:42:36,667
RECOMMENDED BY PEOPLE LIKE
3672
01:42:36,667 --> 01:42:38,773
FITNESS TRAINER FRED HAHN AND
3673
01:42:38,773 --> 01:42:40,499
DR. DOUG McGUFF.
3674
01:42:40,499 --> 01:42:42,156
THANKS TO THE BETTER DIET AND
3675
01:42:42,156 --> 01:42:43,985
THE BETTER WORKOUTS, I'M LEANER
3676
01:42:43,985 --> 01:42:45,711
AND STRONGER THAN I'VE BEEN IN
3677
01:42:45,711 --> 01:42:46,332
DECADES.
3678
01:42:46,332 --> 01:42:48,403
I KNOW I'M NEVER GONNA WIN ANY
3679
01:42:48,403 --> 01:42:50,198
HOT-BODY COMPETITIONS, BUT
3680
01:42:50,198 --> 01:42:52,200
CONSIDERING THAT I'M 54 YEARS
3681
01:42:52,200 --> 01:42:54,237
OLD AND SPENT MOST OF MY ADULT
3682
01:42:54,237 --> 01:42:56,239
LIFE AS A FAT GUY, I'M PRETTY
3683
01:42:56,239 --> 01:42:57,723
HAPPY WHERE I ENDED UP.
3684
01:42:57,723 --> 01:42:59,449
I'VE ALSO BEEN EXTREMELY HAPPY
3685
01:42:59,449 --> 01:43:01,278
TO READ THE STORIES THAT SOME OF
3686
01:43:01,278 --> 01:43:02,728
THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE SEEN
3687
01:43:02,728 --> 01:43:04,523
"FAT HEAD" HAVE SHARED WITH ME.
3688
01:43:04,523 --> 01:43:06,249
ALMOST EVERY WEEK, I HEAR FROM
3689
01:43:06,249 --> 01:43:07,871
VIEWERS WHO TELL ME HOW THEY
3690
01:43:07,871 --> 01:43:09,700
WERE INSPIRED TO CUT WAY BACK ON
3691
01:43:09,700 --> 01:43:11,461
SUGAR AND STARCH AND GO BACK TO
3692
01:43:11,461 --> 01:43:13,152
EATING FOODS THAT ARE HIGH IN
3693
01:43:13,152 --> 01:43:15,706
SATURATED FAT -- MEATS, EGGS,
3694
01:43:15,706 --> 01:43:17,432
BUTTER, AND SO FORTH.
3695
01:43:17,432 --> 01:43:19,193
AFTER CHANGING THEIR DIETS, THEY
3696
01:43:19,193 --> 01:43:20,918
ENDED UP LOSING A LOT OF WEIGHT
3697
01:43:20,918 --> 01:43:22,644
AND DRASTICALLY IMPROVING THEIR
3698
01:43:22,644 --> 01:43:24,025
HEALTH.
3699
01:43:24,025 --> 01:43:25,820
TO BE PERFECTLY HONEST, MAKING A
3700
01:43:25,820 --> 01:43:27,373
DOCUMENTARY ON A SHOESTRING
3701
01:43:27,373 --> 01:43:29,064
BUDGET TURNED OUT TO BE A LOT
3702
01:43:29,064 --> 01:43:30,756
HARDER THAN I THOUGHT IT WOULD
3703
01:43:30,756 --> 01:43:31,343
BE.
3704
01:43:31,343 --> 01:43:32,999
BUT WHEN I SEE PICTURES LIKE
3705
01:43:32,999 --> 01:43:34,691
THESE, I KNOW IT WAS WORTH ALL
3706
01:43:34,691 --> 01:43:35,933
THE EFFORT.
3707
01:43:35,933 --> 01:43:37,625
>> ♪ WELL, I'M LYSINE, BROMIDE,
3708
01:43:37,625 --> 01:43:38,971
VARIOUS INSECTICIDES ♪
3709
01:43:38,971 --> 01:43:40,800
♪ BLUE DYE NUMBER 9
3710
01:43:40,800 --> 01:43:43,493
♪ I'M 20 DIFFERENT ACIDS AND
3711
01:43:43,493 --> 01:43:45,633
13 ALKALINES ♪
3712
01:43:45,633 --> 01:43:47,082
♪ I'M DEXTROSE, GLYCERIN,
3713
01:43:47,082 --> 01:43:48,981
AND SACCHARINE, MONOSODIUM
3714
01:43:48,981 --> 01:43:50,085
GLUTAMATE ♪
3715
01:43:50,085 --> 01:43:52,640
♪ AND A COUPLE GRAMS OF OAT BRAN
3716
01:43:52,640 --> 01:43:54,711
I INGESTED BY MISTAKE ♪
3717
01:43:54,711 --> 01:43:57,438
♪ SO PUT ME IN A BEAKER AND
3718
01:43:57,438 --> 01:43:59,750
LET HER RUN SOME TESTS ON ME ♪
3719
01:43:59,750 --> 01:44:02,097
♪ WITH THE TOXINS IN MY BODY,
3720
01:44:02,097 --> 01:44:04,790
I'M A WALKING PHARMACY ♪
3721
01:44:04,790 --> 01:44:06,930
♪ I'M SHOPPING FOR MY COFFIN,
3722
01:44:06,930 --> 01:44:11,693
BUT DON'T SHED ME ANY TEARS ♪
3723
01:44:11,693 --> 01:44:13,557
♪ 'CAUSE ACCORDING TO THE
3724
01:44:13,557 --> 01:44:15,559
EXPERTS, I'VE BEEN DEAD FOR
3725
01:44:15,559 --> 01:44:18,907
SEVERAL YEARS ♪
3726
01:44:18,907 --> 01:44:20,495
♪ NOW, I'M PROBABLY JUST
3727
01:44:20,495 --> 01:44:24,085
A VICTIM OF MY WEAK HEREDITY ♪
3728
01:44:24,085 --> 01:44:26,225
♪ MY GRANDPA LOVED HIS WHISKEY,
3729
01:44:26,225 --> 01:44:28,814
CIGARETTES, AND HAM AND CHEESE ♪
3730
01:44:28,814 --> 01:44:31,092
♪ HE HAD BACON, EGGS, AND COFFEE
3731
01:44:31,092 --> 01:44:33,715
EVERY DAY HE WAS ALIVE ♪
3732
01:44:33,715 --> 01:44:35,510
♪ AND HIS DIET FINALLY KILLED
3733
01:44:35,510 --> 01:44:38,513
HIM AT THE AGE OF 95 ♪
3734
01:44:38,513 --> 01:44:40,619
♪ SO PUT ME IN A BEAKER AND
3735
01:44:40,619 --> 01:44:43,277
LET HER RUN SOME TESTS ON ME ♪
3736
01:44:43,277 --> 01:44:45,382
♪ WITH THE TOXINS IN MY BODY,
3737
01:44:45,382 --> 01:44:48,178
I'M A WALKING PHARMACY ♪
3738
01:44:48,178 --> 01:44:50,249
♪ I'M SHOPPING FOR MY COFFIN,
3739
01:44:50,249 --> 01:44:54,909
BUT DON'T SHED ME ANY TEARS ♪
3740
01:44:54,909 --> 01:44:56,945
♪ 'CAUSE ACCORDING TO THE
3741
01:44:56,945 --> 01:44:58,568
EXPERTS, I'VE BEEN DEAD FOR
3742
01:44:58,568 --> 01:45:02,503
SEVERAL YEARS ♪
3743
01:45:02,503 --> 01:45:04,332
♪ NOW, MY HEALTH-FOOD FRIEND WAS
3744
01:45:04,332 --> 01:45:05,333
NATURAL ♪
3745
01:45:05,333 --> 01:45:08,094
♪ IN HIS BODY, MIND, AND SOUL
3746
01:45:08,094 --> 01:45:10,856
♪ HE ONLY ATE ORGANIC FOODS
3747
01:45:10,856 --> 01:45:13,203
♪ FROM A NATURAL EARTHEN BOWL
3748
01:45:13,203 --> 01:45:15,895
♪ BUT THERE WAS BOTULISM IN THAT
3749
01:45:15,895 --> 01:45:19,036
NATURAL GARDEN HE HAD PLOWED ♪
3750
01:45:19,036 --> 01:45:21,936
♪ HE DIED OF NATURAL CAUSES, AND
3751
01:45:21,936 --> 01:45:25,008
HIS FRIENDS WERE VERY PROUD ♪
3752
01:45:25,008 --> 01:45:26,181
YOU KNOW WHAT THEY SAID AT HIS
3753
01:45:26,181 --> 01:45:27,528
FUNERAL, DON'T YOU?
3754
01:45:27,528 --> 01:45:31,911
"BOY, HE SURE LOOKS NATURAL."
3755
01:45:31,911 --> 01:45:34,051
♪ NOW, KIM JONG-IL SOLD CHEMICAL
3756
01:45:34,051 --> 01:45:36,640
BOMBS TO HIS BUDDIES IN IRAN ♪
3757
01:45:36,640 --> 01:45:38,332
♪ BUT IF THEY SHOOT THEM AT OUR
3758
01:45:38,332 --> 01:45:40,610
ALLIES, BOY, WE'VE GOT A SECRET
3759
01:45:40,610 --> 01:45:41,265
PLAN ♪
3760
01:45:41,265 --> 01:45:42,612
♪ THEY'RE GONNA GIVE ME A BIG
3761
01:45:42,612 --> 01:45:44,890
OLD CIGAR, PUT ME IN SOME
3762
01:45:44,890 --> 01:45:46,305
BOMBER'S LOAD ♪
3763
01:45:46,305 --> 01:45:47,824
♪ THEN, THEY'LL LIGHT ME UP AND
3764
01:45:47,824 --> 01:45:49,481
KICK ME OUT, AND THEY'RE TOAST
3765
01:45:49,481 --> 01:45:51,137
WHEN I EXPLODE ♪
3766
01:45:51,137 --> 01:45:55,763
[ EXPLOSION ]
3767
01:45:55,763 --> 01:45:58,041
♪ SO PUT ME IN A BEAKER AND
3768
01:45:58,041 --> 01:46:00,630
LET HER RUN SOME TESTS ON ME ♪
3769
01:46:00,630 --> 01:46:02,735
♪ WITH THE TOXINS IN MY BODY,
3770
01:46:02,735 --> 01:46:05,393
I'M A WALKING PHARMACY ♪
3771
01:46:05,393 --> 01:46:07,533
♪ I'M SHOPPING FOR MY COFFIN,
3772
01:46:07,533 --> 01:46:12,296
BUT DON'T SHED ME ANY TEARS ♪
3773
01:46:12,296 --> 01:46:14,126
♪ 'CAUSE ACCORDING TO THE
3774
01:46:14,126 --> 01:46:15,990
EXPERTS, I'VE BEEN DEAD FOR
3775
01:46:15,990 --> 01:46:17,647
EXPERTS, I'VE BEEN DEAD FOR
SEVERAL YEARS ♪
231734
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