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Tonight, on The
Proof Is Out There.
2
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A 50-year-old UFO mystery.
3
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What did a teenager
photograph in the Swedish sky?
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00:00:07,916 --> 00:00:09,350
We've never heard
of an aircraft
5
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that can do things like this.
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00:00:10,988 --> 00:00:13,458
It's not a
bird, it's not a plane.
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00:00:13,459 --> 00:00:16,231
Is it really a
dinosaur out west?
8
00:00:16,232 --> 00:00:21,041
Could a long lost species
of reptile be hidden in Idaho?
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00:00:21,042 --> 00:00:23,178
A southern
fried horror story,
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00:00:23,179 --> 00:00:26,218
headless goats sacrificed
in a Georgia River.
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00:00:26,219 --> 00:00:28,355
Who is doing this and
why are they doing it?
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And a woman bleeding
from her hands and head.
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Is it a sign from God?
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This mystical phenomena has
been said to be miraculous.
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00:00:40,581 --> 00:00:42,551
Around the
globe are videos.
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00:00:42,552 --> 00:00:44,555
What
are those things?
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It's moving.
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00:00:45,625 --> 00:00:49,598
Photos and sounds
that defy explanation.
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We don't know
where they come from,
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00:00:56,580 --> 00:00:58,215
who made them, or
how they operate.
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What are they?
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Some sort of
bizarre mutation.
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What's exciting
is nobody really knows.
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Extraordinary claims
need extraordinary proof.
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I'm Tony Harris,
and as a journalist
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for more than 30 years,
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I've followed the facts
where they take me.
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Now, I'm bringing that
spirit of investigation
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to the world's strangest
sounds and images.
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We'll analyze each
one with top experts.
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It's a credible case,
it's a credible video.
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And pass a
verdict on what it is.
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This video was clearly faked.
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The proof starts now.
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Good evening and welcome
to The Proof Is Out There.
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When you think of Sweden,
I bet the first thing
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that comes to mind isn't UFOs,
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but the country has a small
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yet intensely dedicated
UFO community.
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We open tonight with one
of their most enduring
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and perplexing cases.
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Ta en titt.
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That means "take a
look" in Swedish.
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At least I sure hope it does.
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It's November 11th, 1973,
in the rural village
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of Pentt äj ä, Sweden.
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14-year-old Ă…ke Lejon is
roaming the countryside
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with his niece's
Instamatic camera
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00:02:17,576 --> 00:02:21,081
when he sees a group of
strange objects in the sky
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00:02:21,082 --> 00:02:23,854
and he's able to capture
one of them on film.
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00:02:24,956 --> 00:02:28,830
In a series of images, Ă…ke
captures a small black speck
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00:02:28,831 --> 00:02:30,767
moving slowly across the sky.
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00:02:30,768 --> 00:02:33,205
He has described it
as a loaf of bread,
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but with more pronounced edges.
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00:02:35,344 --> 00:02:36,779
It had a dark spot on top
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00:02:36,780 --> 00:02:39,351
and continued to turn
and become flatter.
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00:02:39,352 --> 00:02:42,456
The rest of the body, he
says, had a steel gray color
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00:02:42,457 --> 00:02:46,165
and seemingly a slight
yellow glow underneath it,
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00:02:46,166 --> 00:02:47,701
and all of a sudden,
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a triangular object
ejects from the loaf UFO.
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As Ă…ke would later illustrate,
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the triangular craft
flies much faster
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in an arched motion
underneath the loaf
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and in the opposite direction.
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Ă…ke claims it was a
silver white color
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00:03:03,266 --> 00:03:04,869
and seemed like it was glowing.
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00:03:04,870 --> 00:03:08,209
Author and historian Amy
Teitel says Ă…ke's incident
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wasn't as isolated
as it may seem.
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This sighting ties
in with a large number
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00:03:13,386 --> 00:03:16,325
of triangular shaped
UFO sightings in Sweden
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in the early 1970s.
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In the summer of 1970,
triangular phenomena
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00:03:20,769 --> 00:03:23,673
were seen and photographed
over J ämtland.
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00:03:23,674 --> 00:03:25,778
A triangular object
was also seen
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00:03:25,779 --> 00:03:29,986
and followed by a Lansen
aircraft in June of 1971.
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00:03:29,987 --> 00:03:31,655
But out
of all of these,
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Ă…ke's sighting in particular
drew special attention
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from Sweden's burgeoning
UFO community.
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Ă…ke's case was
thoroughly investigated
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by Gutenberg's
Information Center
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for Unidentified Flying Objects.
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00:03:43,614 --> 00:03:46,786
Their member magazine was
known for its meticulous
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00:03:46,787 --> 00:03:49,491
investigation of
aerial phenomena.
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00:03:49,492 --> 00:03:52,230
The investigation revealed
that the negatives
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00:03:52,231 --> 00:03:53,800
hadn't been tampered with.
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The images were authentic and
the UFO was a genuine mystery.
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In the 50 years since,
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ufologists have
spent decades trying
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00:04:02,017 --> 00:04:03,720
to figure out what Ă…ke saw.
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00:04:03,721 --> 00:04:06,826
Because the sighting was
in such a remote location,
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00:04:06,827 --> 00:04:08,963
it's very possible
that what Ă…ke saw
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00:04:08,964 --> 00:04:12,336
was actually a secret military
aircraft being tested.
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00:04:12,337 --> 00:04:15,209
Other militaries have
also tested their aircraft
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00:04:15,210 --> 00:04:18,215
in the same region
above the Norwegian Sea.
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00:04:18,216 --> 00:04:22,156
It's possible that what this is
is actually a Russian aircraft.
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00:04:22,157 --> 00:04:24,795
Ă…ke is 14 years old
when this happens,
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so it's also possible that Ă…ke
didn't understand what he saw.
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00:04:29,071 --> 00:04:32,443
Or it's possible Ă…ke saw
something more mysterious
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00:04:32,444 --> 00:04:34,549
and we don't know what it is.
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00:04:35,618 --> 00:04:38,990
What is so compelling
about these blurry photos
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that we're still talking
about them 50 years later?
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Let's look at the loaf
of bread photos first.
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Each one is a bit different.
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The lighting is different,
the coloring is different.
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00:04:49,512 --> 00:04:52,651
You'd expect to see some
of that in a moving object.
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00:04:52,652 --> 00:04:55,456
And then there's the
triangle image here.
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00:04:55,457 --> 00:04:59,330
Much harder edges,
more aerodynamic,
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almost more menacing.
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Let's see how our experts
take on this 50 year mystery.
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First, we asked Rich Hoffman
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of the Scientific
Coalition for UAP Studies
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if Ă…ke could have stumbled
upon a remote test
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by a secret military aircraft.
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00:05:17,034 --> 00:05:20,039
He's uncertain if we're looking
at a human aircraft at all.
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00:05:20,040 --> 00:05:23,813
You can't really make
out any kind of propulsion.
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No engines, no nothing that's
keeping it up in the air.
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It's the lack of clarity
on the actual photos
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that makes it very hard for us
to determine anything about it.
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00:05:33,266 --> 00:05:34,702
One thing
that could add clarity
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00:05:34,703 --> 00:05:36,839
to the grainy photos
is this collection
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of sketches from
the witness himself.
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Some have pointed out that
the triangular silhouette
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00:05:42,050 --> 00:05:44,354
and the triangle craft he drew
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both resembled the
Saab 37 Viggen jet,
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a Swedish combat aircraft
developed in the 1960s.
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00:05:51,169 --> 00:05:53,338
And that could
have explained this
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00:05:53,339 --> 00:05:55,242
triangular shaped
object if they were
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00:05:55,243 --> 00:05:57,079
flying around in that area.
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00:05:57,080 --> 00:06:00,119
That was very much a double
delta winged aircraft,
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very much like this.
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00:06:01,556 --> 00:06:04,427
But that wouldn't
explain the object's ability
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to morph into different shapes,
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as shown by both Ă…ke's
drawings and photos.
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00:06:09,238 --> 00:06:13,278
Could we be looking at a speck
of dust inside the camera?
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00:06:13,279 --> 00:06:15,015
Well, those would
create the same
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00:06:15,016 --> 00:06:16,652
shape of artifact on each photo,
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00:06:16,653 --> 00:06:20,326
and in these images, the object
is clearly changing shape.
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00:06:20,327 --> 00:06:22,564
So maybe the speck was
something like a gnat
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00:06:22,565 --> 00:06:26,004
that was so close to the camera
that it appeared out of focus.
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00:06:26,005 --> 00:06:29,143
But our photo expert, Andrew
McCarthy, doesn't think so.
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Ă…ke was using an Instamatic,
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00:06:30,949 --> 00:06:33,085
which was a very
popular point and shoot
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film camera at the time.
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00:06:34,321 --> 00:06:37,459
This point and shoot camera
had a very small aperture lens.
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It was designed to be
able to shoot at infinity
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00:06:39,465 --> 00:06:42,604
easily without requiring
any kind of manual focus.
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00:06:42,605 --> 00:06:43,973
If this object is
more out of focus,
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00:06:43,974 --> 00:06:46,880
it'd be more transparent
and have less contrast.
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00:06:46,881 --> 00:06:49,985
So since this is as dark
and as defined as it is,
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00:06:49,986 --> 00:06:52,256
we know that any blur that
we're seeing from this object
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00:06:52,257 --> 00:06:54,862
is most likely caused
by motion blur.
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00:06:54,863 --> 00:06:57,367
So what could
we possibly be seeing?
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00:06:57,368 --> 00:06:59,437
While I don't think
these photos are a hoax,
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there is no plausible
explanation for them.
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00:07:01,876 --> 00:07:04,748
We have no explanation for
why this loaf shaped UFO
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00:07:04,749 --> 00:07:06,184
just hovered for a few minutes
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00:07:06,185 --> 00:07:09,758
and why this triangular shaped
UFO was ejected from it.
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There's just not enough
information in this story
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00:07:12,130 --> 00:07:13,465
to make a conclusion.
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This photo is a true UFO.
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Our verdict?
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We're calling this
a genuine UFO.
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The journalist who
documented Ă…ke's sighting
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concluded there was no reason
to doubt his information.
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He left it to his
readers to decide
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and we leave it to
you, the viewers.
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Now we pivot, from an
old UFO to a new UFA,
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an unidentified flying animal.
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00:07:44,495 --> 00:07:46,599
The fossil records
show that at least
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six different dinosaurs
lived in Idaho
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millions of years ago,
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and this video suggests
that one creature
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from the Cretaceous age might
still be living there today.
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September 4th, 2015.
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Boise, Idaho.
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A pedestrian is walking
on a crisp gray day
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when they notice something
alarming overhead
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and record this.
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A large pterodactyl
like creature
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00:08:10,949 --> 00:08:13,853
with a massive wingspan
glides overhead.
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The wings pull back
then flap several times
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before the animal
soars out of view.
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Let's watch that again.
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There's a notable
triangle shaped face
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leading to a point on
the back of the skull.
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And beyond the massive wings,
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there appear to be two legs.
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We can clearly see
the brownish skin
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as the creature dives then
glides past the trees.
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00:08:34,829 --> 00:08:38,202
Field researcher Ken Gerhard
is excited to see such footage.
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00:08:38,203 --> 00:08:40,941
So this clip is really
near and dear to my heart
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because for decades I have
been actively researching
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accounts of living
pterosaurs or pterodactyls.
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00:08:48,189 --> 00:08:50,827
I've interviewed dozens
of people that swear
195
00:08:50,828 --> 00:08:53,900
that they've seen these
giant flying reptiles,
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not birds.
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00:08:55,003 --> 00:08:57,608
The pterosaurs,
who supposedly went extinct
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65 million years ago,
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00:08:58,910 --> 00:09:01,849
were neither bird nor dinosaur.
200
00:09:01,850 --> 00:09:04,621
70 million years before
birds came on the scene,
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00:09:04,622 --> 00:09:07,727
the first flying vertebrates
were the pterosaurs.
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00:09:07,728 --> 00:09:10,366
And they were a highly
specialized form
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00:09:10,367 --> 00:09:11,802
of flying reptiles.
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00:09:11,803 --> 00:09:14,440
They evolved into these
massive pterodactyls
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00:09:14,441 --> 00:09:16,912
with wingspans up
to 36 feet long,
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00:09:16,913 --> 00:09:20,486
making them the largest
flying animals ever.
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00:09:20,487 --> 00:09:22,156
Pterosaur
fossils have been found
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on every continent
including Antarctica.
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00:09:24,796 --> 00:09:28,536
But how the heck could one
be flying around Idaho today?
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00:09:28,537 --> 00:09:30,974
Gerhardt is reminded
of another sighting,
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00:09:30,975 --> 00:09:34,648
one that became famous in
the days of the Wild West.
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00:09:34,649 --> 00:09:37,152
There's a famous
story from 1890.
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00:09:37,153 --> 00:09:40,527
Cowboys riding in the
Whetstone Mountains
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00:09:40,528 --> 00:09:42,396
sighted this giant creature.
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00:09:42,397 --> 00:09:43,766
They'd supposedly
shoot this thing
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00:09:43,767 --> 00:09:45,670
with their rifles and kill it,
217
00:09:45,671 --> 00:09:47,607
and they brought
it back to town.
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00:09:47,608 --> 00:09:49,545
There was a photograph
which appeared
219
00:09:49,546 --> 00:09:52,784
in the Tombstone Arizona
Epitaph newspaper,
220
00:09:52,785 --> 00:09:56,659
and this photograph
purportedly shows something
221
00:09:56,660 --> 00:09:58,328
that looks exactly
like this animal.
222
00:09:58,329 --> 00:10:00,734
What's really strange though
is that the photograph
223
00:10:00,735 --> 00:10:02,804
seems to have disappeared.
224
00:10:02,805 --> 00:10:04,440
While hundreds
of people claim
225
00:10:04,441 --> 00:10:06,177
to remember seeing this photo,
226
00:10:06,178 --> 00:10:09,050
there's still no physical
evidence of it to this day.
227
00:10:09,051 --> 00:10:12,958
However, a number of strange
photos featuring cowboys
228
00:10:12,959 --> 00:10:15,930
and winged creatures have
surfaced over the years.
229
00:10:15,931 --> 00:10:19,838
Although most, like this
one, were easily proven fake.
230
00:10:19,839 --> 00:10:23,513
If the famous Tombstone
photograph does exist,
231
00:10:23,514 --> 00:10:25,750
it actually does prove
that these animals
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did survive in the modern times.
233
00:10:27,722 --> 00:10:30,125
Gerhardt points
to another possible theory,
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00:10:30,126 --> 00:10:33,700
not from the Old West, but
from a dystopian future.
235
00:10:33,701 --> 00:10:34,969
There are some
people that have
236
00:10:34,970 --> 00:10:37,674
actually tried to
construct drones
237
00:10:37,675 --> 00:10:40,112
that have a very
organic appearance,
238
00:10:40,113 --> 00:10:42,416
resembling birds
or other animals.
239
00:10:42,417 --> 00:10:45,623
In fact, technicians at
New Mexico State University
240
00:10:45,624 --> 00:10:47,560
have been actively
working to build
241
00:10:47,561 --> 00:10:49,297
what's called an ornithopter,
242
00:10:49,298 --> 00:10:52,236
which is essentially a
mechanical flying device
243
00:10:52,237 --> 00:10:55,442
which utilizes wings
like birds and pterosaurs
244
00:10:55,443 --> 00:10:56,745
and other animals.
245
00:10:56,746 --> 00:10:58,415
These
ornithopters are using
246
00:10:58,416 --> 00:11:01,922
actual bird carcasses for
the casings of their machines
247
00:11:01,923 --> 00:11:04,995
as a way to blend in
and monitor wildlife.
248
00:11:04,996 --> 00:11:06,999
Could we be looking
at similar tech?
249
00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:08,903
I think we can't
discount the possibility
250
00:11:08,904 --> 00:11:11,742
that this is in fact a modified
251
00:11:11,743 --> 00:11:14,080
and actually a very
cool looking drone.
252
00:11:14,916 --> 00:11:17,019
Idaho isn't the only place
253
00:11:17,020 --> 00:11:19,324
where sightings like
this have been reported.
254
00:11:19,325 --> 00:11:21,862
In a prior season, we
investigated a supposed
255
00:11:21,863 --> 00:11:23,799
raptor running around Florida,
256
00:11:23,800 --> 00:11:27,039
and a living pterosaur
has allegedly been seen
257
00:11:27,040 --> 00:11:30,479
flying above Papua New Guinea
and its surrounding islands.
258
00:11:30,480 --> 00:11:32,215
As for this Idaho footage,
259
00:11:32,216 --> 00:11:36,825
let's let our experts swoop
in and do their thing.
260
00:11:40,033 --> 00:11:42,336
Wildlife biologist
Stephanie Manka
261
00:11:42,337 --> 00:11:44,575
is skeptical that
what we're seeing here
262
00:11:44,576 --> 00:11:47,012
is a 65 million
year old creature.
263
00:11:47,013 --> 00:11:50,018
If a creature this large
were able to survive,
264
00:11:50,019 --> 00:11:52,690
it would need prey
to survive on,
265
00:11:52,691 --> 00:11:55,262
like cows or calves,
sheep or goats.
266
00:11:55,263 --> 00:11:59,270
Because it would need to hunt
for food across a large area,
267
00:11:59,271 --> 00:12:01,709
it would most likely
be seen by humans
268
00:12:01,710 --> 00:12:04,079
before this one video.
269
00:12:04,080 --> 00:12:06,953
Manka also
suggests that some of these
270
00:12:06,954 --> 00:12:09,825
creatures movements are
anything but organic.
271
00:12:09,826 --> 00:12:12,597
So here it looks
like this pterosaur
272
00:12:12,598 --> 00:12:15,670
is going to dive down,
273
00:12:15,671 --> 00:12:18,943
but then it lifts
its head back again
274
00:12:18,944 --> 00:12:22,884
without really being
able to recover.
275
00:12:22,885 --> 00:12:25,624
It would need more
distance from the ground
276
00:12:25,625 --> 00:12:27,193
to go back up again.
277
00:12:27,194 --> 00:12:29,865
They're not able
to defy gravity,
278
00:12:29,866 --> 00:12:33,071
and it definitely makes me
question if this is real.
279
00:12:33,072 --> 00:12:36,010
So could this
be a taxidermied drone,
280
00:12:36,011 --> 00:12:39,483
like the ones being created at
New Mexico State University?
281
00:12:39,484 --> 00:12:42,891
The idea of using real birds
as drones is enthralling,
282
00:12:42,892 --> 00:12:46,999
but although birds do
have a hinge right here,
283
00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:50,272
their wings don't bend
upwards like that.
284
00:12:50,273 --> 00:12:54,915
That would be like me being
able to bend my elbow backwards.
285
00:12:54,916 --> 00:12:57,854
This is not
anatomically correct.
286
00:12:57,855 --> 00:13:02,597
This isn't a drone and
a taxidermied bird.
287
00:13:02,598 --> 00:13:03,866
Our next
stop was to see
288
00:13:03,867 --> 00:13:06,237
what video forensic
analyst Michael Primeau
289
00:13:06,238 --> 00:13:08,743
could tell us about
this aerial enigma.
290
00:13:08,744 --> 00:13:10,613
A software program
created this file,
291
00:13:10,614 --> 00:13:12,249
not a digital video camera.
292
00:13:12,250 --> 00:13:14,119
This video definitely
appears to be processed.
293
00:13:14,120 --> 00:13:16,357
There's no direct
source of light
294
00:13:16,358 --> 00:13:19,998
that in theory would
produce these tonal values
295
00:13:19,999 --> 00:13:21,301
underneath the wings.
296
00:13:21,302 --> 00:13:23,272
So that would be
more of an indication
297
00:13:23,273 --> 00:13:26,277
that something was changed on
the underside of those wings.
298
00:13:26,278 --> 00:13:28,215
Although Primeau
thinks this is a fake,
299
00:13:28,216 --> 00:13:31,688
even he has to admit it's
a pretty impressive one.
300
00:13:31,689 --> 00:13:34,093
The metadata and structural
analysis doesn't give us
301
00:13:34,094 --> 00:13:37,033
any kinda indication as to
what program may have done this
302
00:13:37,034 --> 00:13:38,267
or how it was done.
303
00:13:38,268 --> 00:13:41,408
This could very well be
one of the best CGI videos
304
00:13:41,409 --> 00:13:43,078
that I have ever analyzed.
305
00:13:46,218 --> 00:13:48,922
Our verdict, based
on Manka's observations
306
00:13:48,923 --> 00:13:50,660
and Primeau's video analysis,
307
00:13:50,661 --> 00:13:52,330
we're calling this a hoax.
308
00:13:52,331 --> 00:13:55,035
But be warned, now
that AI has entered
309
00:13:55,036 --> 00:13:57,072
the field of photo manipulation,
310
00:13:57,073 --> 00:13:59,878
generating fakes like
this will soon be as easy
311
00:13:59,879 --> 00:14:01,549
as typing a sentence.
312
00:14:01,550 --> 00:14:06,058
We'll do our best to stay one
step ahead of the charlatans.
313
00:14:09,064 --> 00:14:11,502
Our next story
is a strange one,
314
00:14:11,503 --> 00:14:14,741
and it includes graphic
images of mutilated animals
315
00:14:14,742 --> 00:14:16,846
some might find disturbing.
316
00:14:16,847 --> 00:14:18,916
Viewer discretion is
certainly advised,
317
00:14:18,917 --> 00:14:21,822
but viewer attention
is encouraged.
318
00:14:21,823 --> 00:14:22,758
2018.
319
00:14:22,858 --> 00:14:24,394
We are in my home
state of Georgia
320
00:14:24,395 --> 00:14:27,132
in the town of Austell,
just outside Atlanta.
321
00:14:27,133 --> 00:14:29,170
This is the area where
the Chattahoochee River
322
00:14:29,171 --> 00:14:31,340
runs underneath the
I-20 Interstate.
323
00:14:31,341 --> 00:14:34,279
Jason Ulseth, the
Chattahoochee River keeper,
324
00:14:34,280 --> 00:14:36,986
documents anything that
doesn't belong here.
325
00:14:36,987 --> 00:14:39,357
This certainly qualifies.
326
00:14:39,358 --> 00:14:42,362
There's not one,
not two, not three,
327
00:14:42,363 --> 00:14:45,804
but many, many dead
goats floating downstream
328
00:14:45,805 --> 00:14:47,406
or washed up on riverbeds.
329
00:14:47,407 --> 00:14:49,677
And take a closer
look, if you can.
330
00:14:49,678 --> 00:14:52,282
They're all missing their heads.
331
00:14:52,283 --> 00:14:55,890
This was something that
was clearly decapitated
332
00:14:55,891 --> 00:14:57,493
and then purposely put
in the Chattahoochee,
333
00:14:57,494 --> 00:14:59,932
which we've never
ever seen that before.
334
00:14:59,933 --> 00:15:01,501
Knowing that
somebody had brutally
335
00:15:01,502 --> 00:15:04,073
cut the head off of this
animal and purposely
336
00:15:04,074 --> 00:15:06,779
dumped it in the river
is pretty unsettling.
337
00:15:06,780 --> 00:15:08,281
And this
wasn't a one-time thing.
338
00:15:08,282 --> 00:15:10,318
It's become a nearly
daily occurrence.
339
00:15:10,319 --> 00:15:12,056
Now, I've
seen it thousands
340
00:15:12,057 --> 00:15:13,525
and thousands of times.
341
00:15:13,526 --> 00:15:15,797
I mean, I see so many of 'em, I
don't even slow the boat down.
342
00:15:15,798 --> 00:15:17,332
Anthropologist
Kathy Strain
343
00:15:17,333 --> 00:15:20,105
says some suggested a
large local predator
344
00:15:20,106 --> 00:15:21,473
could be to blame.
345
00:15:21,474 --> 00:15:26,283
In 2019, a 13 foot alligator
was found near Atlanta.
346
00:15:26,284 --> 00:15:29,223
It was so large that people
thought it was a hoax,
347
00:15:29,224 --> 00:15:31,728
but after the Georgia
Department of Natural Resources
348
00:15:31,729 --> 00:15:35,235
came in, they verified that
it was a real alligator.
349
00:15:35,236 --> 00:15:38,141
It's very likely that if a
goat was there on the shoreline
350
00:15:38,142 --> 00:15:40,513
and they were hungry, they
would clearly go for it.
351
00:15:40,514 --> 00:15:42,951
Others on the
internet are reminded
352
00:15:42,952 --> 00:15:45,089
of other similar
livestock mutilations,
353
00:15:45,090 --> 00:15:48,194
an alleged hallmark
of alien activity.
354
00:15:48,195 --> 00:15:51,902
In 2016 in Brazelton,
which is near Atlanta,
355
00:15:51,903 --> 00:15:53,271
cows were found bloodless,
356
00:15:53,272 --> 00:15:55,576
but they had these
neat little circles
357
00:15:55,577 --> 00:15:57,580
carved into their rear ends.
358
00:15:57,581 --> 00:16:00,686
Usually aliens are the ones
that are blamed for this.
359
00:16:00,687 --> 00:16:04,093
That might explain what it
is that we are seeing here.
360
00:16:04,094 --> 00:16:06,397
Journalist
MJ Banias discusses
361
00:16:06,398 --> 00:16:08,334
another theory
circulating the web
362
00:16:08,335 --> 00:16:10,239
about who could be responsible,
363
00:16:10,240 --> 00:16:12,544
practitioners of SanterĂa.
364
00:16:12,545 --> 00:16:15,248
SanterĂa originates
in the Afro-Caribbean,
365
00:16:15,249 --> 00:16:17,052
Latin American part of the world
366
00:16:17,053 --> 00:16:20,626
and essentially involves
the sacrifice of animals
367
00:16:20,627 --> 00:16:22,229
for various mystical reasons,
368
00:16:22,230 --> 00:16:24,300
like bringing good luck.
369
00:16:24,301 --> 00:16:27,238
Down in Florida,
similar incidents
370
00:16:27,239 --> 00:16:30,547
have occurred wherein supposed
practitioners of SanterĂa
371
00:16:30,548 --> 00:16:33,485
left the remnants of
sacrificed animals
372
00:16:33,486 --> 00:16:35,723
along railroad
tracks for good luck.
373
00:16:35,724 --> 00:16:38,695
Whoever is doing this needs
a significant amount of luck
374
00:16:38,696 --> 00:16:40,800
if they have to sacrifice
this many goats.
375
00:16:40,801 --> 00:16:44,841
So who would have the
ability to fund the purchase
376
00:16:44,842 --> 00:16:46,277
or theft of these goats?
377
00:16:46,278 --> 00:16:49,050
A lot of local press and
a lot of investigators
378
00:16:49,051 --> 00:16:51,153
have pointed to
potential drug cartels
379
00:16:51,154 --> 00:16:53,457
that are engaging
in this practice.
380
00:16:53,458 --> 00:16:57,165
It's no secret that Pablo
Escobar would run drugs
381
00:16:57,166 --> 00:16:59,538
from Miami, Florida
into Atlanta, Georgia.
382
00:16:59,539 --> 00:17:02,276
So if there are
drug cartels vying
383
00:17:02,277 --> 00:17:04,179
for territorial dominance,
384
00:17:04,180 --> 00:17:06,084
any little bit of luck can help.
385
00:17:08,155 --> 00:17:11,093
Whatever is going
on, it needs to stop.
386
00:17:11,094 --> 00:17:13,833
This river is drinking
water for 5 million people.
387
00:17:13,834 --> 00:17:16,705
The water is much less
polluted than it used to be,
388
00:17:16,706 --> 00:17:19,443
thanks in part to the
river keepers organization.
389
00:17:19,444 --> 00:17:22,149
But this has the potential
to turn things back around,
390
00:17:22,150 --> 00:17:24,386
both environmentally
and socially.
391
00:17:24,387 --> 00:17:26,391
No one wants to
see a headless goat
392
00:17:26,392 --> 00:17:28,328
while they're paddling
down the river.
393
00:17:28,329 --> 00:17:30,699
Let's see if our
experts have any ideas.
394
00:17:34,074 --> 00:17:36,645
First, wildlife
biologist Stephanie Manka
395
00:17:36,646 --> 00:17:39,951
considers if this could be the
work of a killer alligator.
396
00:17:39,952 --> 00:17:41,320
From the way these goats look,
397
00:17:41,321 --> 00:17:44,093
it doesn't really look like
they're taken by a predator.
398
00:17:44,094 --> 00:17:46,632
It just seems like the
head has been cut off.
399
00:17:46,633 --> 00:17:50,071
It doesn't seem like
it's been ripped or torn.
400
00:17:50,072 --> 00:17:52,175
Also, if it were an alligator,
401
00:17:52,176 --> 00:17:55,048
I would expect there to
be tears across the body,
402
00:17:55,049 --> 00:17:57,319
like tearing from
pulling the fur
403
00:17:57,320 --> 00:17:59,691
as it tried to
consume the animal.
404
00:17:59,692 --> 00:18:03,431
And why would a predator
only take their heads?
405
00:18:03,432 --> 00:18:05,302
So if it's not a gator,
406
00:18:05,303 --> 00:18:08,875
could alien activity explain
these creepy corpses?
407
00:18:08,876 --> 00:18:10,946
I have a hard time believing
408
00:18:10,947 --> 00:18:13,451
that this was caused by aliens.
409
00:18:13,452 --> 00:18:15,489
It doesn't seem
like there was any
410
00:18:15,490 --> 00:18:18,394
sort of advanced
technology or lasers
411
00:18:18,395 --> 00:18:20,365
to make a precise cut.
412
00:18:20,366 --> 00:18:22,637
To me this cut looks
like it could have been
413
00:18:22,638 --> 00:18:25,242
easily done by a
human with a knife.
414
00:18:25,243 --> 00:18:27,681
The heads were almost,
like, hacked away.
415
00:18:27,682 --> 00:18:29,416
As for SanterĂa,
416
00:18:29,417 --> 00:18:31,989
we consulted with
professor of social ethics,
417
00:18:31,990 --> 00:18:33,358
Miguel De La Torre,
418
00:18:33,359 --> 00:18:35,730
whose parents were
practitioners of SanterĂa.
419
00:18:35,731 --> 00:18:39,671
This, I don't believe is
part of a traditional way
420
00:18:39,672 --> 00:18:42,544
of sacrificing
animals in SanterĂa.
421
00:18:42,545 --> 00:18:45,248
Whoever was doing this
really didn't know
422
00:18:45,249 --> 00:18:46,651
what they were doing.
423
00:18:46,652 --> 00:18:50,560
It's not really the way
the religion operates.
424
00:18:50,561 --> 00:18:53,297
You may do a sacrifice
once in your life
425
00:18:53,298 --> 00:18:55,669
when you have a
specific problem,
426
00:18:55,670 --> 00:18:57,841
but you shouldn't
be killing a goat
427
00:18:57,842 --> 00:18:59,644
a couple of times a week.
428
00:18:59,645 --> 00:19:01,582
De La Torre
says these headless goats
429
00:19:01,583 --> 00:19:04,654
are just the latest in a long
line of animal mutilations
430
00:19:04,655 --> 00:19:07,594
mistakenly blamed
on SanterĂa culture.
431
00:19:07,595 --> 00:19:12,402
You see movies that stereotype
an entire Caribbean people
432
00:19:12,403 --> 00:19:15,408
as being less
than, when in fact,
433
00:19:15,409 --> 00:19:17,278
this is a religious tradition
434
00:19:17,279 --> 00:19:19,450
that have lasted for centuries.
435
00:19:19,451 --> 00:19:22,523
This has nothing to do
with SanterĂa at all.
436
00:19:22,524 --> 00:19:24,861
I have no idea what it could be.
437
00:19:28,536 --> 00:19:31,809
Our verdict, unexplained
animal slaughter.
438
00:19:32,277 --> 00:19:33,112
We're not totally
sure why these goats
439
00:19:33,346 --> 00:19:34,247
We're not totally
sure why these goats
440
00:19:34,414 --> 00:19:36,316
keep ending up
headless in the river,
441
00:19:36,317 --> 00:19:38,255
but we agree with our experts
442
00:19:38,256 --> 00:19:40,191
that these cuts
appear to be performed
443
00:19:40,192 --> 00:19:42,429
by some untrained human hand.
444
00:19:42,430 --> 00:19:46,539
Whatever's going on, we
can only pray it stops.
445
00:19:50,313 --> 00:19:53,084
We've never done
a story on stigmata,
446
00:19:53,085 --> 00:19:54,821
the alleged appearance of wounds
447
00:19:54,822 --> 00:19:57,694
on the bodies of devout
Christians that correspond
448
00:19:57,695 --> 00:20:00,398
to the crucifixion
wounds of Jesus Christ.
449
00:20:00,399 --> 00:20:02,803
While the phenomenon
has been a central part
450
00:20:02,804 --> 00:20:04,774
of Christian mysticism
for centuries,
451
00:20:04,775 --> 00:20:09,183
we just never saw any footage
of it worth investigating.
452
00:20:09,184 --> 00:20:10,619
Until now.
453
00:20:10,620 --> 00:20:13,692
It's 1987 in a suburb
of Damascus, Syria,
454
00:20:13,693 --> 00:20:16,898
23-year-old Myrna
Nazzour is experiencing
455
00:20:16,899 --> 00:20:18,300
a strange affliction.
456
00:20:18,301 --> 00:20:19,638
If you're squeamish about blood,
457
00:20:19,639 --> 00:20:22,577
you might want to
cover your eyes.
458
00:20:22,578 --> 00:20:25,381
With the cameras rolling,
Myrna lies in bed
459
00:20:25,382 --> 00:20:27,821
as blood pours out
in a cross shape
460
00:20:27,822 --> 00:20:30,192
across her forehead
and down her nose.
461
00:20:30,193 --> 00:20:34,400
There are also painful bloody
cuts on the palms of her hands
462
00:20:34,401 --> 00:20:35,903
and the tops of her feet.
463
00:20:35,904 --> 00:20:39,877
Myrna says these mysterious
marks first appeared in 1983
464
00:20:39,878 --> 00:20:42,818
when she was 19 years
old and a new bride.
465
00:20:56,512 --> 00:20:59,083
Myrna says that
after this first incident,
466
00:20:59,084 --> 00:21:01,253
these strange wounds
appeared again
467
00:21:01,254 --> 00:21:03,390
on the next four Holy Thursdays,
468
00:21:03,391 --> 00:21:06,431
when the Orthodox and
Catholic Easters lined up,
469
00:21:06,432 --> 00:21:09,470
each time lasting for
only about three hours.
470
00:21:24,869 --> 00:21:26,972
Author Alexis
Brooks says many believe
471
00:21:26,973 --> 00:21:30,045
that what Myrna has
experienced over the years
472
00:21:30,046 --> 00:21:32,348
is an example of stigmata.
473
00:21:32,349 --> 00:21:35,989
The term stigmata
basically is a process
474
00:21:35,990 --> 00:21:41,835
in which individuals can
exude blood from their hands,
475
00:21:41,836 --> 00:21:44,707
the crown of their
head or forehead.
476
00:21:44,708 --> 00:21:46,678
These wounds
correspond with the wounds
477
00:21:46,679 --> 00:21:49,283
Christ received from
being nailed to the cross
478
00:21:49,284 --> 00:21:50,619
by his hands and feet,
479
00:21:50,620 --> 00:21:53,525
and being forced to wear a
crown of thorns on his head,
480
00:21:53,526 --> 00:21:54,894
according to the Bible.
481
00:21:54,895 --> 00:21:57,466
The phenomenon has been
noted throughout history.
482
00:21:57,467 --> 00:22:01,575
Probably one of the most
famous is St. Francis of Assisi,
483
00:22:01,576 --> 00:22:03,344
who was said to exude blood
484
00:22:03,345 --> 00:22:05,716
from the palms of
his hands as well.
485
00:22:05,717 --> 00:22:07,587
A more
recent reported case
486
00:22:07,588 --> 00:22:09,891
is from the 20th
century in Italy.
487
00:22:09,892 --> 00:22:13,598
In 1918, an Italian priest
by the name of Padre Pio
488
00:22:13,599 --> 00:22:17,172
was said to have blood emerge
from his hands and feet.
489
00:22:17,173 --> 00:22:20,512
Interestingly, it's said
that the blood that emerged
490
00:22:20,513 --> 00:22:23,051
from his hands smelled of roses.
491
00:22:23,052 --> 00:22:26,491
The smell of roses is
the odor of sanctity.
492
00:22:27,761 --> 00:22:30,566
As the debate continues
on the miraculous
493
00:22:30,567 --> 00:22:32,169
nature of these events,
494
00:22:32,170 --> 00:22:35,074
the Vatican has announced
a new dedicated commission
495
00:22:35,075 --> 00:22:38,682
that will investigate mystical
phenomena around the world.
496
00:22:38,683 --> 00:22:41,120
The center will look
into weeping statues
497
00:22:41,121 --> 00:22:45,061
of the Virgin Mary, stigmata,
and other apparitions.
498
00:22:45,062 --> 00:22:47,700
For now, let's see what
our experts conclude
499
00:22:47,701 --> 00:22:50,004
about Myrna's recurring wounds.
500
00:22:53,112 --> 00:22:56,551
First, Dr. Ed Hope considers
if Myrna's condition
501
00:22:56,552 --> 00:22:57,887
could be psychosomatic.
502
00:22:57,888 --> 00:23:00,458
Psychosomatic medicine
deals with medicine
503
00:23:00,459 --> 00:23:02,295
where the symptoms
turn out to be
504
00:23:02,296 --> 00:23:03,933
to do with something
psychological.
505
00:23:03,934 --> 00:23:07,606
It certainly could cause
the symptoms of pain,
506
00:23:07,607 --> 00:23:11,414
but what it's not gonna
cause is this bleeding here.
507
00:23:11,415 --> 00:23:14,119
That would not be
possible just from
508
00:23:14,120 --> 00:23:15,989
a psychological problem.
509
00:23:15,990 --> 00:23:18,060
So since her
condition is clearly physical,
510
00:23:18,061 --> 00:23:21,300
could Myrna be suffering from
a rare medical condition?
511
00:23:21,301 --> 00:23:23,539
One disease that
can cause blood
512
00:23:23,540 --> 00:23:27,278
to come out of nowhere
is hematohidrosis,
513
00:23:27,279 --> 00:23:31,020
which basically means blood
coming from the sweat glands.
514
00:23:31,021 --> 00:23:34,092
The tiny blood vessels
around the sweat ducts
515
00:23:34,093 --> 00:23:36,531
end up breaking open
and the blood ends up
516
00:23:36,532 --> 00:23:38,669
coming out on the
surface of the skin.
517
00:23:38,670 --> 00:23:40,672
I don't think it's
what's going on here
518
00:23:40,673 --> 00:23:43,144
because we can see a direct area
519
00:23:43,145 --> 00:23:46,718
that the blood's coming from
rather than a diffused area
520
00:23:46,719 --> 00:23:49,489
that you'd get if you are
bleeding from your sweat.
521
00:23:49,490 --> 00:23:51,795
So since Myrna
has visible wounds,
522
00:23:51,796 --> 00:23:54,466
is it possible they
were self-inflicted?
523
00:23:54,467 --> 00:23:56,704
We have to think
of the possibility
524
00:23:56,705 --> 00:24:00,111
of a factitious disorder
imposed on oneself.
525
00:24:00,112 --> 00:24:03,250
This is where people
feign medical conditions
526
00:24:03,251 --> 00:24:07,626
in order to get the intention
of medical professionals
527
00:24:07,627 --> 00:24:08,929
and medical care.
528
00:24:08,930 --> 00:24:12,704
Hope says that can be pulled
off using carbolic acid.
529
00:24:12,705 --> 00:24:15,642
There's a highly caustic
and corrosive substance
530
00:24:15,643 --> 00:24:18,748
that would burn the skin and
cause death of the skin tissue.
531
00:24:18,749 --> 00:24:21,387
And Dr. Hope sees
some notable differences
532
00:24:21,388 --> 00:24:25,161
between Myrna's wounds and
those of Christ on the cross.
533
00:24:25,162 --> 00:24:26,698
When we really think about
534
00:24:26,699 --> 00:24:28,902
what Jesus would've
actually experienced,
535
00:24:28,903 --> 00:24:30,672
it would've been
a puncture wound.
536
00:24:30,673 --> 00:24:33,478
He had nails driven
through his hands
537
00:24:33,479 --> 00:24:36,751
rather than this very
thin laceration here,
538
00:24:36,752 --> 00:24:39,122
which looks like
it's been created
539
00:24:39,123 --> 00:24:41,060
by a very small and sharp blade.
540
00:24:41,061 --> 00:24:44,066
And this practice actually
happens in pro wrestling,
541
00:24:44,067 --> 00:24:45,736
called blading or juicing,
542
00:24:45,737 --> 00:24:49,442
where they create very fine
nicks using concealed blades
543
00:24:49,443 --> 00:24:51,548
that create a large blood flow.
544
00:24:51,549 --> 00:24:52,883
But Catholic
miracle researcher
545
00:24:52,884 --> 00:24:55,690
Michael O'Neill points
out that all the evidence
546
00:24:55,691 --> 00:24:57,425
is caught on camera.
547
00:24:57,426 --> 00:25:00,766
Because they know exactly
the dates when it will happen,
548
00:25:00,767 --> 00:25:02,936
and scientists and doctors
have been able to test
549
00:25:02,937 --> 00:25:04,907
and videotape these occurrences,
550
00:25:04,908 --> 00:25:06,911
they can see that
there is no wound
551
00:25:06,912 --> 00:25:09,784
and then the camera
shows the wound appearing
552
00:25:09,785 --> 00:25:11,655
and the wound closing.
553
00:25:11,656 --> 00:25:13,291
There's absolutely no chance
554
00:25:13,292 --> 00:25:16,096
that this is her inflicting
the wounds on her own body.
555
00:25:16,097 --> 00:25:19,402
This seems to be an
authentic case of stigmata.
556
00:25:22,143 --> 00:25:23,243
Our verdict.
557
00:25:23,244 --> 00:25:26,449
The Vatican has thus far
made no official judgment,
558
00:25:26,450 --> 00:25:29,123
but based on the
film documentation
559
00:25:29,124 --> 00:25:31,895
and eyewitness accounts
of Myrna's experiences,
560
00:25:31,896 --> 00:25:34,366
we're deeming this
a possible miracle.
561
00:25:34,367 --> 00:25:38,107
Yet there is still not quite
enough irrefutable evidence
562
00:25:38,108 --> 00:25:42,951
to confirm Myrna's claims
of being marked by God.
563
00:25:46,291 --> 00:25:50,164
Many people continue to wonder
if there could be life on Mars.
564
00:25:50,165 --> 00:25:52,770
But for the red planet to
support life as we know it,
565
00:25:52,771 --> 00:25:55,776
there would need to be
some sort of water source.
566
00:25:55,777 --> 00:25:57,946
Could this next photo prove
567
00:25:57,947 --> 00:26:00,719
that our planetary neighbor
not only has water,
568
00:26:00,720 --> 00:26:02,857
but a whole plumbing system?
569
00:26:02,858 --> 00:26:04,192
It's May 2000 on Mars.
570
00:26:04,193 --> 00:26:08,034
NASA's Mars global surveyor
probe is sending back photos
571
00:26:08,035 --> 00:26:09,938
from its mission
to study and map
572
00:26:09,939 --> 00:26:12,308
the whole surface
of the red planet.
573
00:26:12,309 --> 00:26:14,312
But as researchers are
going through the pictures,
574
00:26:14,313 --> 00:26:18,622
one image is nothing like
anyone could have expected.
575
00:26:18,623 --> 00:26:21,561
In the right corner of
the black and white photo
576
00:26:21,562 --> 00:26:23,297
are what appear
to be several long
577
00:26:23,298 --> 00:26:26,705
tube-like objects embedded
in the sand or rock.
578
00:26:26,706 --> 00:26:28,508
Let's take a closer look.
579
00:26:28,509 --> 00:26:31,180
They feature a series
of parallel ridges
580
00:26:31,181 --> 00:26:33,952
almost like a massive
corrugated pipe.
581
00:26:33,953 --> 00:26:36,891
Former aerospace
engineer Mike Bara,
582
00:26:36,892 --> 00:26:39,931
who has been studying Mars
for more than two decades,
583
00:26:39,932 --> 00:26:42,570
thinks this anomaly
merits further attention.
584
00:26:42,571 --> 00:26:44,038
As a structural engineer,
585
00:26:44,039 --> 00:26:47,913
what I saw was what looked
like a series of repeating,
586
00:26:47,914 --> 00:26:49,984
supporting structural objects
587
00:26:49,985 --> 00:26:52,523
that don't look
entirely natural.
588
00:26:52,524 --> 00:26:55,662
Mike thinks it might
be proof of the existence
589
00:26:55,663 --> 00:26:58,735
of some sort of past
Martian civilization.
590
00:26:58,736 --> 00:27:01,741
It could have been some
sort of hydraulic tube.
591
00:27:01,742 --> 00:27:03,845
It could be a way
of moving water
592
00:27:03,846 --> 00:27:06,618
around the very barren
Martian surface,
593
00:27:06,619 --> 00:27:09,289
or it could have even
been a transport tube.
594
00:27:09,290 --> 00:27:11,293
And when you look at
this as a glass tube,
595
00:27:11,294 --> 00:27:13,364
you see that there's
like a compartment there,
596
00:27:13,365 --> 00:27:16,638
almost like a little train
that got stuck in this corner
597
00:27:16,639 --> 00:27:18,273
and couldn't make the turn
598
00:27:18,274 --> 00:27:21,013
and now it's sort of
encased there forever.
599
00:27:21,014 --> 00:27:23,719
Corrugated
pipes can twist and turn.
600
00:27:23,720 --> 00:27:26,891
So author Jason Martell
says some suggest
601
00:27:26,892 --> 00:27:29,196
this could have been
an ancient aqueduct
602
00:27:29,197 --> 00:27:32,035
that used gravity
to divert water.
603
00:27:32,036 --> 00:27:34,774
NASA recently amazed
the UFO community
604
00:27:34,775 --> 00:27:37,011
with the announcement
that there's evidence
605
00:27:37,012 --> 00:27:39,483
for a contemporary
liquid water movement
606
00:27:39,484 --> 00:27:41,086
on the Martian surface.
607
00:27:41,087 --> 00:27:45,027
NASA says it seems
some dark streaks on Mars
608
00:27:45,028 --> 00:27:47,900
are actually running
water flowing downhill.
609
00:27:47,901 --> 00:27:51,006
Still, others claim these
formations aren't pipes,
610
00:27:51,007 --> 00:27:53,745
but an entirely different
sort of structure.
611
00:27:53,746 --> 00:27:56,517
Could these have been some
type of a transport tube,
612
00:27:56,518 --> 00:27:59,055
also known as pneumatic tubes?
613
00:27:59,056 --> 00:28:02,295
Pressure is used to move objects
through a network of tubes,
614
00:28:02,296 --> 00:28:05,502
possibly from some
type of sentient aliens
615
00:28:05,503 --> 00:28:07,873
that had other
worldly machine parts,
616
00:28:07,874 --> 00:28:11,247
which now lay embedded
in the red planet's dirt.
617
00:28:12,449 --> 00:28:16,056
NASA has been monitoring
Mars since the 1960s,
618
00:28:16,057 --> 00:28:18,628
yet thus far they
haven't been able
619
00:28:18,629 --> 00:28:21,768
to detect any indisputable
signs of life.
620
00:28:21,769 --> 00:28:24,740
Are their cameras
missing the big picture?
621
00:28:24,741 --> 00:28:27,044
Or is the idea of life on Mars
622
00:28:27,045 --> 00:28:29,684
better suited for comic books?
623
00:28:29,685 --> 00:28:32,723
Let's get a better
read from our experts.
624
00:28:35,997 --> 00:28:38,233
To kick us off,
could these be broken
625
00:28:38,234 --> 00:28:42,308
and ancient pneumatic tubes
from an alien transport system?
626
00:28:42,309 --> 00:28:45,481
NASA geologist Dr. Bob
Anderson doubts it.
627
00:28:45,482 --> 00:28:48,622
He says this design would
be needlessly complex.
628
00:28:48,623 --> 00:28:50,659
If you look at modern
transport systems
629
00:28:50,660 --> 00:28:52,796
on Earth today, hyper
trains and stuff,
630
00:28:52,797 --> 00:28:55,001
you don't find these
kind of injunctions here.
631
00:28:55,002 --> 00:28:58,140
Why don't you just run
it directly from A to B?
632
00:28:58,141 --> 00:29:00,779
To be fair, if
these are ancient tubes,
633
00:29:00,780 --> 00:29:02,950
we may only be seeing
fragments of them,
634
00:29:02,951 --> 00:29:05,723
but why haven't they been
seen elsewhere on Mars?
635
00:29:05,724 --> 00:29:08,595
This likely also rules
out them being something
636
00:29:08,596 --> 00:29:10,031
like an aqueduct system.
637
00:29:10,032 --> 00:29:12,536
If this was created
by an alien technology,
638
00:29:12,537 --> 00:29:15,141
I would expect to find
something that dug the hole up.
639
00:29:15,142 --> 00:29:17,411
Any kind of a pumping system
640
00:29:17,412 --> 00:29:19,082
to get the water to go anywhere.
641
00:29:19,083 --> 00:29:21,486
But there's no
parts laid anywhere
642
00:29:21,487 --> 00:29:22,856
that could be in the image.
643
00:29:22,857 --> 00:29:24,727
And also it's located in an area
644
00:29:24,728 --> 00:29:26,329
where you're not
near the polar caps
645
00:29:26,330 --> 00:29:28,033
where most of the
water is on Mars.
646
00:29:28,034 --> 00:29:31,006
Therefore it doesn't even seem
to be in an ideal location.
647
00:29:31,007 --> 00:29:33,244
Yet astrophotographer
Andrew McCarthy
648
00:29:33,245 --> 00:29:35,516
believes that water
does have something
649
00:29:35,517 --> 00:29:36,984
to do with the solution.
650
00:29:36,985 --> 00:29:40,124
I think what we're looking
at here is an ancient riverbed,
651
00:29:40,125 --> 00:29:42,997
either formed from flowing
water or flowing lava,
652
00:29:42,998 --> 00:29:45,835
that carved out this shape
in the Martian terrain.
653
00:29:45,836 --> 00:29:48,440
Meanwhile, these lines
were formed by sand
654
00:29:48,441 --> 00:29:50,512
being brought in by
the Martian atmosphere,
655
00:29:50,513 --> 00:29:54,152
depositing it, much like
sand dunes here on Earth.
656
00:29:54,153 --> 00:29:56,724
And Anderson confirms
this is not the only place
657
00:29:56,725 --> 00:29:58,628
where we see this
on the red planet.
658
00:29:58,629 --> 00:30:01,033
We do know that about
maybe 3 billion years ago,
659
00:30:01,034 --> 00:30:04,038
Mars had a very valid
hydrologic cycle.
660
00:30:04,039 --> 00:30:05,675
We had an ocean, we had streams.
661
00:30:05,676 --> 00:30:08,915
But since Mars has dried up
about 2 billion years ago,
662
00:30:08,916 --> 00:30:10,919
what happens is
that these channels
663
00:30:10,920 --> 00:30:12,690
or these cracks are left behind
664
00:30:12,691 --> 00:30:13,992
and because of the
depression there,
665
00:30:13,993 --> 00:30:15,929
the winds are flowing
down those channels,
666
00:30:15,930 --> 00:30:17,800
forming these beautiful lines.
667
00:30:17,801 --> 00:30:21,272
So we've seen this all
over the surface of Mars.
668
00:30:23,277 --> 00:30:26,216
We have more than scratched
the surface on this one.
669
00:30:26,217 --> 00:30:30,091
And although ancient aqueducts
do sound interesting,
670
00:30:30,092 --> 00:30:32,729
we're going to flow in
a different direction
671
00:30:32,730 --> 00:30:34,332
with our verdict
and say that these
672
00:30:34,333 --> 00:30:37,004
are windblown ripples
in sand dunes.
673
00:30:37,005 --> 00:30:40,177
Well, who knows? In
another 2 billion years,
674
00:30:40,178 --> 00:30:43,952
advanced plumbing systems
may end up on Mars.
675
00:30:43,953 --> 00:30:45,055
Stay tuned.
676
00:30:48,963 --> 00:30:51,934
Minnesota is home to
some large attractions.
677
00:30:51,935 --> 00:30:54,005
Lake Superior, the
Mall of America,
678
00:30:54,006 --> 00:30:56,209
and the legendary Paul Bunion.
679
00:30:56,210 --> 00:31:00,819
But this next local hero is
the most impressive Minnesotan
680
00:31:00,820 --> 00:31:02,956
we have ever
featured on the show.
681
00:31:02,957 --> 00:31:04,325
Hands down.
682
00:31:04,326 --> 00:31:08,067
It's August 2015 in
Stacy, Minnesota.
683
00:31:08,068 --> 00:31:11,172
52-year-old Jeff Dabe is
at home being interviewed
684
00:31:11,173 --> 00:31:14,279
about the unique feature
that sets him apart.
685
00:31:14,280 --> 00:31:17,051
It's nothing new to me,
I mean, it was from birth.
686
00:31:17,052 --> 00:31:18,555
He looks
like an ordinary guy,
687
00:31:18,556 --> 00:31:20,925
5'8", 260 pounds,
688
00:31:20,926 --> 00:31:23,798
until you see his
arms and hands.
689
00:31:23,799 --> 00:31:27,405
Jeff's hands are a
massive 14 inches round
690
00:31:27,406 --> 00:31:31,046
and his forearms measure
19 inches in circumference.
691
00:31:31,047 --> 00:31:33,183
It's no wonder he's
known as the real life
692
00:31:33,184 --> 00:31:34,987
Popeye the Sailor Man.
693
00:31:34,988 --> 00:31:37,291
Jeff swears he doesn't
take growth hormones
694
00:31:37,292 --> 00:31:39,496
and that his strength
and size are all his own.
695
00:31:39,497 --> 00:31:42,102
It's something he's been
able to take advantage of
696
00:31:42,103 --> 00:31:43,204
since he was young.
697
00:31:57,099 --> 00:31:58,935
Jeff also
picked up arm wrestling
698
00:31:58,936 --> 00:32:00,137
and still competes today.
699
00:32:00,138 --> 00:32:03,076
In 2021, he became
a world champion.
700
00:32:03,077 --> 00:32:05,247
So how does Jeff
have these strong,
701
00:32:05,248 --> 00:32:07,619
massive forearms and hands?
702
00:32:07,620 --> 00:32:10,825
Some suspect he might
have symptoms of gigantism
703
00:32:10,826 --> 00:32:12,262
or acromegaly.
704
00:32:12,263 --> 00:32:14,499
Gigantism is caused
by excessive production
705
00:32:14,500 --> 00:32:16,504
of the growth
hormone in childhood,
706
00:32:16,505 --> 00:32:18,674
whereas acromegaly
is characterized by
707
00:32:18,675 --> 00:32:21,915
excessive production of
the hormone in adulthood.
708
00:32:21,916 --> 00:32:24,152
Both conditions are
typically caused
709
00:32:24,153 --> 00:32:26,658
by a tumor on the
pituitary gland.
710
00:32:26,659 --> 00:32:30,665
Most people will recognize
this next real life Colossus
711
00:32:30,666 --> 00:32:32,535
who had one of these conditions.
712
00:32:32,536 --> 00:32:36,243
Andre Renee Roussimoff,
better known as Andre the Giant,
713
00:32:36,244 --> 00:32:39,282
was diagnosed with
acromegaly in adulthood.
714
00:32:39,283 --> 00:32:41,420
He was so big and so strong
715
00:32:41,421 --> 00:32:45,361
that he actually used to
move cars around as a prank.
716
00:32:45,362 --> 00:32:48,602
Not only that, but
Andre's fingers were so large
717
00:32:48,603 --> 00:32:51,440
that he supposedly couldn't
fit them into the holes
718
00:32:51,441 --> 00:32:54,780
on rotary phones and had
to use a pen to dial.
719
00:32:54,781 --> 00:32:56,216
Jeff can surely relate,
720
00:32:56,217 --> 00:32:58,722
but some wonder if he
could have a different
721
00:32:58,723 --> 00:33:00,257
rare congenital disorder.
722
00:33:00,258 --> 00:33:03,263
Klippel Trenaunay
Syndrome, or KTS.
723
00:33:03,264 --> 00:33:07,038
KTS affects the development
of bones, blood vessels,
724
00:33:07,039 --> 00:33:11,346
skin, muscles, and sometimes
the lymphatic system.
725
00:33:11,347 --> 00:33:14,920
It's characterized by
a port wine birthmark,
726
00:33:14,921 --> 00:33:17,926
a malformed limb,
typically one of the legs,
727
00:33:17,927 --> 00:33:19,864
but sometimes the arms as well,
728
00:33:19,865 --> 00:33:21,768
and vein malformations.
729
00:33:21,769 --> 00:33:24,874
And another theory,
growing up on a farm,
730
00:33:24,875 --> 00:33:26,877
it's possible Jeff
may have been exposed
731
00:33:26,878 --> 00:33:28,882
to radiation out in the fields.
732
00:33:28,883 --> 00:33:30,184
The reason?
733
00:33:30,185 --> 00:33:32,890
Radio isotopes and
radiation have been used
734
00:33:32,891 --> 00:33:34,425
in agriculture for decades,
735
00:33:34,426 --> 00:33:36,363
fertilizers and pest control.
736
00:33:36,364 --> 00:33:40,505
Radiation exposure can
cause congenital disabilities.
737
00:33:40,506 --> 00:33:44,379
Azamat Kazizov was born
in Mailuu-Suu, Kyrgyzstan.
738
00:33:44,380 --> 00:33:47,686
It's essentially built
on radioactive waste.
739
00:33:47,687 --> 00:33:52,394
Kazizov has 12 fingers and 12
toes as a result of exposure
740
00:33:52,395 --> 00:33:55,235
to this radioactive pollution.
741
00:33:56,270 --> 00:34:00,177
On top of using his oversized
limbs to his advantage,
742
00:34:00,178 --> 00:34:02,549
Jeff says he can do
pretty much anything
743
00:34:02,550 --> 00:34:03,918
a regular guy can do,
744
00:34:03,919 --> 00:34:06,356
though he prefers
using a flip phone
745
00:34:06,357 --> 00:34:09,362
since it's easier
for him to operate.
746
00:34:09,363 --> 00:34:12,435
So how did Jeff get his
huge forearms and hands?
747
00:34:12,436 --> 00:34:14,773
Let's see what our
experts have to say.
748
00:34:17,747 --> 00:34:20,885
We first asked anatomy
and anthropology professor
749
00:34:20,886 --> 00:34:23,423
Dr. Jeff Meldrum if
Jeff Dabe suffers
750
00:34:23,424 --> 00:34:25,929
from gigantism or acromegaly.
751
00:34:25,930 --> 00:34:28,434
Oftentimes, this
kind of a condition
752
00:34:28,435 --> 00:34:30,470
will affect a single limb,
753
00:34:30,471 --> 00:34:35,447
but not both limbs in such
a symmetrical fashion.
754
00:34:35,448 --> 00:34:39,221
And tests showed Jeff
did not suffer from
755
00:34:39,222 --> 00:34:42,663
a pituitary form of gigantism.
756
00:34:42,664 --> 00:34:46,169
He has not displayed
any excessive growth
757
00:34:46,170 --> 00:34:49,108
in overall stature and size.
758
00:34:49,109 --> 00:34:52,047
There's only this
disproportionate growth
759
00:34:52,048 --> 00:34:54,720
of just his forearms and hands.
760
00:34:54,721 --> 00:34:58,293
So since it's not
a pituitary gland issue,
761
00:34:58,294 --> 00:35:01,166
Dr. Ed Hope weighs
in on the possibility
762
00:35:01,167 --> 00:35:05,307
this could be Klippel
Trenaunay Syndrome, or KTS.
763
00:35:05,308 --> 00:35:09,616
KTS syndrome as a diagnosis
for Jeff is not a bad one
764
00:35:09,617 --> 00:35:12,388
because he also has
some port wine stains,
765
00:35:12,389 --> 00:35:15,962
but for me, he doesn't fit some
of the other things going on
766
00:35:15,963 --> 00:35:18,033
because he has
both limbs affected
767
00:35:18,034 --> 00:35:21,006
and also he doesn't
have any kind of pain
768
00:35:21,007 --> 00:35:22,576
or loss of function.
769
00:35:22,577 --> 00:35:25,013
Then what about
those environmental factors,
770
00:35:25,014 --> 00:35:27,218
such as exposure to radiation?
771
00:35:27,219 --> 00:35:30,692
Radiation is something
that can damage your DNA,
772
00:35:30,693 --> 00:35:34,032
cause mutation and therefore
lead to excess growth.
773
00:35:34,033 --> 00:35:36,336
But it's not like
the comic books.
774
00:35:36,337 --> 00:35:39,743
You don't get this lovely
perfect structured growth.
775
00:35:39,744 --> 00:35:44,620
You get dysregulated disorder
growth, you get cancers.
776
00:35:44,621 --> 00:35:48,126
Jeff's had no history
of radiation exposure
777
00:35:48,127 --> 00:35:50,799
or any history of acute
radiation syndromes.
778
00:35:50,800 --> 00:35:54,305
He's also got no history
of cancers or cataracts,
779
00:35:54,306 --> 00:35:58,414
which also can be associated
with radiation exposure.
780
00:36:01,655 --> 00:36:05,294
Our verdict, there's no
known scientific explanation
781
00:36:05,295 --> 00:36:06,965
for Jeff's condition.
782
00:36:06,966 --> 00:36:08,768
It's possible he has KTS,
783
00:36:08,769 --> 00:36:11,607
since he's never been
tested for this syndrome,
784
00:36:11,608 --> 00:36:14,445
though he doesn't have
all of the symptoms.
785
00:36:14,446 --> 00:36:16,984
So it seems just as likely
he was simply blessed
786
00:36:16,985 --> 00:36:21,259
with superhuman-like forearms
and hands from birth.
787
00:36:21,260 --> 00:36:23,932
But hey, if you've
got it, flaunt it.
788
00:36:27,740 --> 00:36:28,808
Finally tonight,
789
00:36:28,809 --> 00:36:31,981
our boss said we shouldn't
have done this piece,
790
00:36:31,982 --> 00:36:33,518
but we just couldn't resist.
791
00:36:33,519 --> 00:36:35,889
It's out of Alaska,
which is notorious
792
00:36:35,890 --> 00:36:37,693
for anomalous occurrences.
793
00:36:37,694 --> 00:36:40,264
In this case, a body
of water appears
794
00:36:40,265 --> 00:36:42,268
to have a mind of its own.
795
00:36:42,269 --> 00:36:44,840
Or is your mind
playing tricks on you?
796
00:36:44,841 --> 00:36:48,915
It's December 2022,
in Anchorage, Alaska.
797
00:36:48,916 --> 00:36:51,854
A family is driving down
the scenic Seward highway
798
00:36:51,855 --> 00:36:54,425
along the Turnagain
Arm of the cook inlet.
799
00:36:54,426 --> 00:36:56,095
The car is paused for a moment,
800
00:36:56,096 --> 00:36:59,669
but once it accelerates,
something inexplicable happens.
801
00:36:59,670 --> 00:37:01,707
When we start
moving, it looks like
802
00:37:01,708 --> 00:37:05,749
it's still, and then you
can tell it's moving again.
803
00:37:05,750 --> 00:37:08,120
Whenever
the car goes forward,
804
00:37:08,121 --> 00:37:10,725
the waves in the
water seem to freeze.
805
00:37:10,726 --> 00:37:13,564
If it weren't for the brush
going past in the foreground,
806
00:37:13,565 --> 00:37:16,136
it would look almost
like a still photo.
807
00:37:16,137 --> 00:37:17,338
So crazy.
808
00:37:17,339 --> 00:37:19,141
It's probably
just a trick of the eye,
809
00:37:19,142 --> 00:37:21,079
but journalist
Erin McCarthy says
810
00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:23,517
some observers
online have commented
811
00:37:23,518 --> 00:37:27,592
that it looks like the water
is buffering in real life.
812
00:37:27,593 --> 00:37:30,464
Some have theorized that
what we're seeing here
813
00:37:30,465 --> 00:37:32,702
is actually a rendering problem.
814
00:37:32,703 --> 00:37:35,608
Think about when you're
playing a video game
815
00:37:35,609 --> 00:37:37,779
or you're trying to watch
a movie on streaming
816
00:37:37,780 --> 00:37:39,716
and you don't have
enough memory.
817
00:37:39,717 --> 00:37:43,357
And so what you're looking
at kind of buffers,
818
00:37:43,358 --> 00:37:44,893
or struggles to load.
819
00:37:44,894 --> 00:37:47,231
McCarthy says
some speculate that
820
00:37:47,232 --> 00:37:48,601
if that's what we're seeing,
821
00:37:48,602 --> 00:37:51,206
it could be because we're
living in a computer simulation
822
00:37:51,207 --> 00:37:52,809
rather than a 3D reality.
823
00:37:52,810 --> 00:37:55,815
So in video games,
the environment renders
824
00:37:55,816 --> 00:37:57,886
around the characters
as they play.
825
00:37:57,887 --> 00:38:00,457
The theory goes that
the waves are lagging
826
00:38:00,458 --> 00:38:02,629
because we live in a simulation
827
00:38:02,630 --> 00:38:05,902
and the computer program
running the simulation
828
00:38:05,903 --> 00:38:07,806
doesn't have enough memory.
829
00:38:07,807 --> 00:38:09,843
So it's struggling to
render the environment
830
00:38:09,844 --> 00:38:11,114
around the family.
831
00:38:11,582 --> 00:38:13,651
Here's what's blowing my mind.
832
00:38:13,652 --> 00:38:15,454
If the water is
moving to the right
833
00:38:15,455 --> 00:38:17,525
and the camera is
moving to the left,
834
00:38:17,526 --> 00:38:19,630
you'd think it would
appear that the water
835
00:38:19,631 --> 00:38:22,836
is moving faster instead
of becoming still.
836
00:38:22,837 --> 00:38:25,240
But instead of getting
our eyes checked,
837
00:38:25,241 --> 00:38:28,146
I think we should
check with our experts.
838
00:38:31,353 --> 00:38:33,056
Forensic video analyst
Michael Primeau
839
00:38:33,057 --> 00:38:36,362
takes a closer look at the
video to see if it's even real.
840
00:38:36,363 --> 00:38:38,366
I have no concerns
as to whether or not
841
00:38:38,367 --> 00:38:39,803
it was altered or manipulated
842
00:38:39,804 --> 00:38:41,974
because there was
sufficient metadata
843
00:38:41,975 --> 00:38:44,178
as well as structural
information about the file
844
00:38:44,179 --> 00:38:47,752
to identify as well as verify
the device that produced it.
845
00:38:47,753 --> 00:38:49,856
Throughout that analysis
of the metadata,
846
00:38:49,857 --> 00:38:51,793
we also noted the
GPS information
847
00:38:51,794 --> 00:38:54,700
and what we've determined
is this particular location
848
00:38:54,701 --> 00:38:56,804
is at a lookout in
Anchorage, Alaska.
849
00:38:56,805 --> 00:38:58,641
So what this
cell phone captured
850
00:38:58,642 --> 00:39:01,012
and where appears
to be accurate.
851
00:39:01,013 --> 00:39:03,985
Does this mean we're in
a matrix-like simulation
852
00:39:03,986 --> 00:39:05,420
that's buffering?
853
00:39:05,421 --> 00:39:08,327
Theoretical physicist Dr.
Michio Kaku investigates.
854
00:39:08,328 --> 00:39:12,703
The simulation necessary to
create the world of the matrix
855
00:39:12,704 --> 00:39:16,910
far exceeds anything imaginable
with the laws of physics.
856
00:39:16,911 --> 00:39:21,787
Every molecule, every atom has
to be choreographed exactly
857
00:39:21,788 --> 00:39:24,158
to create the world
of the matrix.
858
00:39:24,159 --> 00:39:26,597
And that is far beyond anything
859
00:39:26,598 --> 00:39:28,668
that we can imagine
on the planet Earth.
860
00:39:28,669 --> 00:39:31,206
So physicist Dr.
Matthew Szydagis considers
861
00:39:31,207 --> 00:39:33,711
if this is just an
optical illusion.
862
00:39:33,712 --> 00:39:36,717
In this video, we
see effects caused by
863
00:39:36,718 --> 00:39:39,656
the fact that
motion is relative.
864
00:39:39,657 --> 00:39:43,130
Our brain is going to assume
865
00:39:43,131 --> 00:39:48,373
that the ground is not moving
when the vehicle's not moving,
866
00:39:48,374 --> 00:39:50,878
but will appear to
move when the vehicle
867
00:39:50,879 --> 00:39:54,018
of the person who's shooting
this starts to move.
868
00:39:54,019 --> 00:39:55,589
Primeau says
what we're seeing
869
00:39:55,590 --> 00:39:57,759
is what's known as
the parallax effect,
870
00:39:57,760 --> 00:39:59,963
something we've seen
before with alleged cases
871
00:39:59,964 --> 00:40:01,767
of islands moving
through the water
872
00:40:01,768 --> 00:40:03,604
and planes frozen in the sky.
873
00:40:03,605 --> 00:40:06,677
In order for the parallax
effect to be dramatic,
874
00:40:06,678 --> 00:40:07,979
which is essentially
what we're seeing here,
875
00:40:07,980 --> 00:40:11,052
the speed of the vehicle
has to be almost identical
876
00:40:11,053 --> 00:40:12,823
to the movement of that water.
877
00:40:12,824 --> 00:40:16,496
What we can do here to eliminate
this confusion to the mind
878
00:40:16,497 --> 00:40:17,799
and the perception of motion
879
00:40:17,800 --> 00:40:20,304
is to crop out the
foreground area.
880
00:40:20,305 --> 00:40:23,376
And that's where the human
brain is focusing its attention.
881
00:40:23,377 --> 00:40:25,314
And then we can see
that the body of water
882
00:40:25,315 --> 00:40:26,516
is actually still moving.
883
00:40:26,517 --> 00:40:28,655
It actually never stops moving.
884
00:40:33,331 --> 00:40:35,869
Our verdict, this
may look way cool,
885
00:40:35,870 --> 00:40:39,175
but this is the handy
work of our old friend,
886
00:40:39,176 --> 00:40:41,179
the parallax effect.
887
00:40:41,180 --> 00:40:42,180
Sorry, boss.
888
00:40:42,181 --> 00:40:43,784
And that's our show for tonight.
889
00:40:43,785 --> 00:40:46,489
If you have any cool
videos for us to analyze,
890
00:40:46,490 --> 00:40:47,859
please send them our way
891
00:40:47,860 --> 00:40:51,365
and remember to keep
those cameras rolling.
71307
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