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{\an8}PUTIN- THE NEW EMPIRE, 2017
POUTINE POUR... TOUJOURS?
2016 [FRENCH]
DOCUMENTAL / BIOGRAFÍA / HISTORIA
BY JEAN-MICHEL CARRÉ
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On the 2015 May 9th,
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Moscow commemorates the 70th anniversary of the end of WW2.
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The nation pays homage to the 27 million soviet men and women,
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and to the bravery of the Red Army.
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It was their personal sacrifice that
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led to victory over Nazi Germany.
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President Putin had invited the Western leaders
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to come and pay their respects
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to the memory of the nation which
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paid the highest toll in this war.
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Not a single Western leader has
responded to the invitation.
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This is a supreme "affront" to Vladimir Putin,
(and clearly unfair and inconsiderate indeed to the greatly humanly spirited people of Russia)
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one too many;
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in his official speech there is no place
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for traditional diplomatic rhetoric.
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"I congratulate you on the 70th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War.
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Today, while celebrating this sacred anniversary date,
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we realize the scale of grandiose victory over the Nazis.
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We are proud that our fathers and grandfathers made it to overcome,
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defeat and destroy this dark force.
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Hitler's mad gamble became a hideous lesson for the whole world.
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Then, in the 1930s,
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enlightened Europe did not instantly see the deadly threat of the Nazi ideology.
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And today, with 70 years having passed,
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history once again calls upon us
to be mindful and vigilant.
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We should never forget that such completely misguided
ideas of so-called "racial superiority" (actual bigotry)
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led to the bloodiest war ever.
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Hoorah!
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Hoorah!
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Hoorah!
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Vladimir Putin's speech is delivered in the
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presence of the Chinese and Indian presidents.
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Between the three of them they represent
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nearly a third of the world's wealth.
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Tomorrow's allies,
against those that
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Putin calls,
"the strong armed block".
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00:03:16,563 --> 00:03:19,230
The 70th anniversary of the end of World War II,
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the 'Great Patriotic War'
as it was called by Stalin,
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00:03:22,503 --> 00:03:24,803
is celebrated by the
people themselves.
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From all over Russia,
they converge
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in Moscow for the 9th of May.
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Russian grandeur is
contained with one event:
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the victory over Hitler in 1945.
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and this crucial date is the
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turning point of
the 20th century.
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So all new ideology
is based on the past.
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From there, the mighty
Soviet Union emerged
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and a Russia exists that
they want restored,
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and they are grateful
to Vladimir Putin for
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00:03:54,860 --> 00:03:57,380
stating that it exists
and that it is powerful.
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And I believe that this is why we have
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difficulty in
understanding Russia
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What we are witnessing,
I believe,
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is the rebirth of their nation.
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- Hoorah!
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00:04:10,060 --> 00:04:14,060
They are currently trying
to rewrite history,
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saying America won the war
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whereas in fact, it was
won by us, Russia,
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by the Soviet Union.
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00:04:24,298 --> 00:04:26,030
Accompanied by a cortège
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of 250,000 people
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Putin leads what the
Russians call
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the 'immortal regiment'
for the first time.
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The force of this
initiative is that it does
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not emanate from power
or State administration
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It comes from the
hearts of our people.
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It expresses our
respect towards
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the generation which
defended the nation.
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It demonstrates that we will
continue to uphold their values.
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But it also conveys our
confidence in ourselves,
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in our strengths and in the
well-being of our children.
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The president carries a
photograph of his father,
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Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin,
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one of the millions
of soviet soldiers
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00:05:09,976 --> 00:05:12,144
that fought during World War II.
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For Putin, the absence
of western leaders
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on this historic day
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is as much a personal insult as
it is to the Russian people.
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The previous year, Putin
had joined the allies
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for the anniversary of
the Normandy landings.
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But he had not been invited to
the commemoration ceremonies
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of the liberation of Auschwitz,
only a few months later.
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The Soviet Union
was the only state
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actually involved
in its liberation.
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In my opinion, this
is all about
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Western short-sighted
and sterile arrogance
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and this isn't how
we might rebuild
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a different and
intelligent relation
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between the West and Russia,
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which will have to
happen sooner or later.
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00:06:07,634 --> 00:06:09,834
The flagrant
contempt of the West
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brings back memories
of the past.
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After the explosion of joy
following the victory of 1945,
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the world plunges into a
new type of conflict:
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the Cold War.
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1949 sees the creation of NATO,
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grouping numerous Western,
mostly European countries.
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In the East in 1955,
the Warsaw Pact is
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formed by the
confederates of the USSR.
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The propaganda pumped out by the
two eastern and western blocks
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persistently invites
countries to favour
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one block or the other.
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The Cold War lasts
45 long years,
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and sees the birth of many
peripheral world conflicts
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and the construction
of the Iron Curtain
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which is 8,500 kilometres long.
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It cuts Europe in half.
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CHEERING
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In 1989 and 1991 the world
celebrates the destruction of
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the Berlin wall and with it
the end of the Iron Curtain.
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Hope rises that the world
will be re-unified.
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00:07:09,162 --> 00:07:11,396
The disappearance of
the USSR, however,
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00:07:11,531 --> 00:07:13,932
sees the dissolution
of the Warsaw Pact.
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NATO, initially designed to
oppose the Soviet Union,
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00:07:17,570 --> 00:07:19,404
continues however to exist.
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The Russians are
totally traumatised
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by what has happened
to their nation.
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From 300 million
inhabitants, the USSR
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00:07:27,213 --> 00:07:30,481
is now reduced to 140
million overnight.
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Yesterday they were the proud
citizens of a world super-power,
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and in next to no time
they had been abandoned,
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00:07:37,958 --> 00:07:39,991
their state dismembered
and subjected
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00:07:40,127 --> 00:07:42,093
to international supervision.
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00:07:43,020 --> 00:07:46,740
It was certainly
incredible news!
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00:07:47,260 --> 00:07:54,380
The end of he USSR was
a real catastrophe.
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I'm not sure we've
absorbed the full impact,
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00:08:02,081 --> 00:08:04,381
the full import
of what happened,
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00:08:04,951 --> 00:08:08,353
but communism died this year.
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00:08:12,325 --> 00:08:16,962
By the grace of God,
America won the Cold War.
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I knew I couldn't do anything.
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It happened one night!
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And then, George Bush declared:
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"It's over, we've won."
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And indeed, the USSR
admitted its defeat
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and simply ceased to exist.
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One can easily imagine
the feelings of a nation
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that was once a super power and
shared the world with the US,
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00:08:49,540 --> 00:08:51,740
a nation that controlled
vast territories
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in different parts of the world
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00:08:54,860 --> 00:09:01,380
and which had suddenly lost both
its influence and territory...
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00:09:03,700 --> 00:09:07,140
and which had been weakened
economically and militarily.
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00:09:08,381 --> 00:09:11,149
Thanks to the armies
of financiers
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00:09:11,284 --> 00:09:13,751
directed by "marshall"
Goldman Sachs,
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00:09:13,886 --> 00:09:16,921
the former regime is
painlessly eradicated.
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00:09:17,957 --> 00:09:20,124
With the complicity of
the new government,
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00:09:20,260 --> 00:09:23,995
a group of Russian oligarchs,
fascinated by power and money,
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00:09:24,130 --> 00:09:26,030
take over former state companies
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00:09:26,166 --> 00:09:28,466
and the exploitation
of raw materials
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for next to nothing.
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00:09:32,572 --> 00:09:35,407
Russia has become
Europe's sick nation.
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In fact, nobody emerged
victorious from the Cold War.
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It was in Moscow that
the decision was made
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to end this madness.
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American economic
consultants arrived
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00:09:48,500 --> 00:09:50,940
and plunged the
country into misery.
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Much of the Russian
resources ended up
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in the hands of
international companies
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00:09:58,340 --> 00:10:00,740
linked to Russian oligarchs.
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00:10:01,580 --> 00:10:03,460
Russia experienced the most
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00:10:03,500 --> 00:10:05,820
humiliating period
in its history.
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00:10:06,460 --> 00:10:08,540
At the end of the USSR, Russia,
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00:10:08,780 --> 00:10:11,900
the Russians lost about
40 per cent of purchasing power.
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00:10:12,860 --> 00:10:13,860
40 per cent!
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00:10:14,300 --> 00:10:16,500
Look what happens in
a European country
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if there is a loss
of 0.5 per cent.
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00:10:19,460 --> 00:10:21,620
So it's a massive shock.
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00:10:24,980 --> 00:10:27,020
When the press conference
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00:10:27,060 --> 00:10:30,180
with Boris Yeltsin and
Clinton took place,
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00:10:30,380 --> 00:10:35,980
and Yeltsin was a bit drunk
and Clinton started laughing,
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00:10:36,900 --> 00:10:38,740
and it was broadcasted
everywhere,
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00:10:38,820 --> 00:10:42,900
and shook the national
consciousness of Russia.
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00:10:43,380 --> 00:10:46,820
It was the first time in history
that an American president
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befriended a Russian
president so openly.
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00:10:50,460 --> 00:10:56,060
This accident, which
seemed trivial to most,
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had a major impact on
people like Putin.
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00:11:00,700 --> 00:11:02,300
Westerners really believed that
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00:11:02,340 --> 00:11:04,100
they were the masters
of the world.
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00:11:04,140 --> 00:11:07,380
They would impose human
rights, democracy
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00:11:07,420 --> 00:11:10,420
and markets on the world
without difficulty.
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00:11:11,340 --> 00:11:13,820
Bill Clinton, who
had presented this
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00:11:13,900 --> 00:11:15,820
in a seductive and
attractive way,
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00:11:15,860 --> 00:11:17,580
spoke of market democracy.
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00:11:18,180 --> 00:11:21,660
China had already adopted, not
democracy, but market economy.
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00:11:21,700 --> 00:11:23,220
Russia would have to follow.
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00:11:23,260 --> 00:11:26,020
We thought there would be a
few uncooperative countries,
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00:11:26,060 --> 00:11:28,100
but that they would
weaken with speeches,
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00:11:28,140 --> 00:11:30,260
sanctions, air strikes and so on.
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00:11:44,020 --> 00:11:46,940
And of course, the West
used this weakness.
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00:11:47,260 --> 00:11:51,100
with the US air strikes
on Yugoslavia,
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00:11:51,180 --> 00:11:56,380
they ignored protests from
Russia, sending a clear message:
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00:11:56,460 --> 00:11:58,940
"You are too weak
to be considered."
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00:11:59,152 --> 00:12:02,420
Without consent from the
UN security council,
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00:12:02,555 --> 00:12:05,256
NATO takes the unilateral
decision to send in planes
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00:12:05,391 --> 00:12:07,425
to bombard the Yugoslavian army
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00:12:07,560 --> 00:12:10,795
to protect the Albanese
populations of Kosovo.
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00:12:11,664 --> 00:12:13,464
Yeltsin is on his last legs
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00:12:13,600 --> 00:12:16,200
and Russia proves
incapable of preventing
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00:12:16,336 --> 00:12:19,671
its last European ally from
being brought to heel.
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00:12:23,940 --> 00:12:27,140
The West didn't
think it would end,
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00:12:27,220 --> 00:12:29,740
and that Russia could
one day protest
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00:12:29,780 --> 00:12:33,460
with more strength
and determination.
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00:12:33,780 --> 00:12:35,700
Of course it was a misjudgement!
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00:12:36,300 --> 00:12:37,740
Then Putin arrived.
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00:12:37,820 --> 00:12:42,020
He is the man who has borne the
humiliations of his country.
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00:12:43,380 --> 00:12:48,860
Today I have decided to announce
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00:12:49,860 --> 00:12:56,860
the man who, in my opinion, will
be able to consolidate society:
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00:12:57,180 --> 00:13:00,500
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin.
208
00:13:01,281 --> 00:13:05,316
In August 1998 Vladimir Putin
is made prime minister.
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00:13:05,818 --> 00:13:08,786
A few weeks later, a series
of five attacks are made
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00:13:08,921 --> 00:13:11,689
in Russian towns with
over 300 victims.
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00:13:12,359 --> 00:13:15,593
The government immediately
accuses Chechen separatists.
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00:13:16,380 --> 00:13:19,900
We'll pursue terrorists
wherever they might be.
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00:13:20,100 --> 00:13:24,420
We'll seize them in the
toilets if we have to!
214
00:13:24,620 --> 00:13:26,740
That's my final word.
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00:13:26,839 --> 00:13:29,073
Two terrorists are
arrested and
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00:13:29,208 --> 00:13:31,342
the Kremlin puts a
halt to enquiries.
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00:13:32,479 --> 00:13:35,713
But Russian journalists discover
that the terrorists in question
218
00:13:35,848 --> 00:13:38,683
are members of the
FSB, former KGB.
219
00:13:40,286 --> 00:13:42,320
This doesn't prevent
Prime minister Putin
220
00:13:42,455 --> 00:13:45,222
from sending Russian
bombers to bombard Grozny,
221
00:13:45,358 --> 00:13:47,125
the capital of Chechnya.
222
00:13:47,494 --> 00:13:49,660
From the 1st October,
it is bombarded
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00:13:49,795 --> 00:13:51,562
non stop for several months.
224
00:13:52,799 --> 00:13:56,568
Out of the one million
inhabitants, 200,000 are killed.
225
00:13:58,070 --> 00:13:59,704
The Russian people are proud
226
00:13:59,839 --> 00:14:01,973
of their prime minister's
inflexibility.
227
00:14:02,208 --> 00:14:04,241
Six months later, they elect him
228
00:14:04,377 --> 00:14:06,744
president of the
Russian Federation.
229
00:14:07,046 --> 00:14:09,580
Putin quickly imposes
his, "vertical of power"
230
00:14:09,716 --> 00:14:11,582
and his, "directed democracy",
231
00:14:11,717 --> 00:14:14,785
excluding oligarchs that
show interest in politics
232
00:14:14,921 --> 00:14:17,287
and the media that
criticise him.
233
00:14:17,556 --> 00:14:19,157
In the West, countries seem
234
00:14:19,292 --> 00:14:21,492
quite confident in
the new president.
235
00:14:21,694 --> 00:14:25,430
The world seems to have entered
a period of relative stability.
236
00:14:27,580 --> 00:14:30,860
So the future is now ours
and history is over.
237
00:14:31,220 --> 00:14:33,620
It is the end of history
due to lack of fighters,
238
00:14:33,660 --> 00:14:35,820
since everyone agrees
on the fundamentals.
239
00:14:35,860 --> 00:14:40,180
But then, gradually we begin to
realise that things aren't over,
240
00:14:40,340 --> 00:14:43,500
quite the opposite, history
is just beginning.
241
00:14:43,649 --> 00:14:45,616
- Right here, right
here, stay right here.
242
00:14:45,752 --> 00:14:47,751
- It's terrible, terrible.
243
00:14:48,354 --> 00:14:50,688
I've never seen nothing
like it in my life.
244
00:14:51,060 --> 00:14:55,060
Putin has been very affected
by the September 11 attacks.
245
00:14:55,900 --> 00:14:59,100
And despite the enmity
between the two nations,
246
00:14:59,260 --> 00:15:01,380
he was willing to support the US
247
00:15:01,900 --> 00:15:06,580
and provide assistance
during these painful ordeals.
248
00:15:07,420 --> 00:15:10,740
The people of Russia are
familiar with terrorism.
249
00:15:11,940 --> 00:15:18,700
We feel very close to the
citizens of America.
250
00:15:20,580 --> 00:15:26,860
We understand how they
must be feeling today.
251
00:15:28,580 --> 00:15:33,060
In the name of Russia, I want
to express our solidarity.
252
00:15:35,001 --> 00:15:37,669
With this declaration
Putin also hopes
253
00:15:37,804 --> 00:15:40,371
that the Chechen genocide
will be forgotten.
254
00:15:41,140 --> 00:15:44,660
So he took action and he said,
"That will justify our moves.
255
00:15:44,700 --> 00:15:48,540
They will stop harassing us
via NGOs and the media..."
256
00:15:48,900 --> 00:15:51,940
So maybe there's the
possibility of an agreement,
257
00:15:51,980 --> 00:15:53,500
an arrangement whereby Russia,
258
00:15:53,540 --> 00:15:56,580
the new Russia that is taking
form, will be fully recognised.
259
00:15:56,620 --> 00:15:58,380
Maybe he thought
that at some point.
260
00:15:58,540 --> 00:16:00,820
Today we must proclaim
firmly and finally:
261
00:16:01,180 --> 00:16:02,940
The Cold War is over!
262
00:16:07,540 --> 00:16:09,420
As for European integration,
263
00:16:10,140 --> 00:16:12,740
we not only support
these processes,
264
00:16:12,980 --> 00:16:15,100
but we look upon them with hope.
265
00:16:15,740 --> 00:16:18,660
We look upon them, as
a people who learned
266
00:16:18,700 --> 00:16:20,740
very well the lessons
of the Cold War,
267
00:16:20,860 --> 00:16:23,660
and the damaging effects of
an ideological occupation.
268
00:16:28,220 --> 00:16:29,220
In response,
269
00:16:30,060 --> 00:16:31,860
at least according to him,
270
00:16:32,380 --> 00:16:35,260
first there was first the
American intervention in Iraq:
271
00:16:35,340 --> 00:16:37,620
an illegal military
intervention in
272
00:16:37,660 --> 00:16:40,340
an independent and
sovereign nation
273
00:16:40,380 --> 00:16:42,020
and lacking the
required approval
274
00:16:42,060 --> 00:16:43,580
from the Security Council.
275
00:16:50,140 --> 00:16:54,540
France, Germany, and
Russia protested,
276
00:16:54,580 --> 00:16:56,380
but that didn't
prevent the US from
277
00:16:56,460 --> 00:16:58,300
carrying out an
operation which led
278
00:16:58,340 --> 00:17:00,220
to the death of one
million Iraqis.
279
00:17:00,420 --> 00:17:01,820
And then there was Georgia
280
00:17:01,860 --> 00:17:03,900
and the Orange
Revolution in Ukraine,
281
00:17:03,940 --> 00:17:06,500
actively supported by the US.
282
00:17:07,300 --> 00:17:09,380
In other words,
according to him,
283
00:17:09,420 --> 00:17:12,380
he held out his hand and
they spat in his face.
284
00:17:13,766 --> 00:17:17,935
In September 2003, a former
Republic of the USSR,
285
00:17:18,070 --> 00:17:21,171
Georgia, is overthrown
by the Rose revolution.
286
00:17:22,475 --> 00:17:25,142
With the secret support of
the USA and other countries
287
00:17:25,278 --> 00:17:27,277
in search of a
Western life-style,
288
00:17:27,413 --> 00:17:29,646
the charismatic,
pro-western young leader,
289
00:17:29,782 --> 00:17:31,282
Mikhail Saakashvili,
290
00:17:31,417 --> 00:17:35,286
brings down the old soviet
apparatchik Shevardnadze.
291
00:17:40,759 --> 00:17:42,192
This is a velvet revolution,
292
00:17:42,328 --> 00:17:44,362
the greatest day in
history of this nation.
293
00:17:44,497 --> 00:17:47,031
Not a shot was fired,
not a single shot,
294
00:17:47,166 --> 00:17:50,034
people overwhelmed
and really removed
295
00:17:50,169 --> 00:17:52,336
the government by
peaceful means,
296
00:17:52,472 --> 00:17:55,706
that's classics you know,
really European. I am proud.
297
00:17:55,842 --> 00:17:58,276
The scenario of this
colour revolution
298
00:17:58,411 --> 00:18:01,646
reappears again in Ukraine in
2004 with the Orange Revolution
299
00:18:01,781 --> 00:18:05,349
and once more in Kyrgyzstan in
2005 with the Tulip Revolution,
300
00:18:05,484 --> 00:18:07,552
making The Kremlin's
interests waver
301
00:18:07,687 --> 00:18:09,687
at the heart of its
sphere of influence.
302
00:18:10,340 --> 00:18:12,740
We kept sending messages
to the Russians,
303
00:18:12,780 --> 00:18:14,420
saying that we
didn't trust them,
304
00:18:14,460 --> 00:18:16,660
that since the Soviet
Union had disappeared,
305
00:18:16,700 --> 00:18:17,700
nothing had changed.
306
00:18:17,740 --> 00:18:19,740
Anyway, we had to
step into the breach
307
00:18:19,780 --> 00:18:22,380
and drive back Russian
influence as far as possible,
308
00:18:22,420 --> 00:18:24,180
because they were dangerous.
309
00:18:24,804 --> 00:18:26,803
During these people's risings
310
00:18:26,939 --> 00:18:30,341
seven countries decide to
join NATO once and for all.
311
00:18:32,511 --> 00:18:34,479
Today, we proudly welcome
312
00:18:35,381 --> 00:18:36,681
Bulgaria
313
00:18:38,451 --> 00:18:39,716
Estonia
314
00:18:41,287 --> 00:18:42,587
Latvia
315
00:18:43,656 --> 00:18:44,855
Lithuania
316
00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:48,359
Romania
317
00:18:48,928 --> 00:18:50,161
Slovakia
318
00:18:50,930 --> 00:18:52,196
and Slovenia.
319
00:18:54,501 --> 00:18:56,466
We welcome them into
the ranks of the
320
00:18:56,602 --> 00:18:58,936
North Atlantic
Treaty Organization
321
00:19:03,780 --> 00:19:06,820
With Russia it was always a
question of "NATO against whom?"
322
00:19:06,900 --> 00:19:08,500
There had been a Warsaw pact,
323
00:19:08,540 --> 00:19:10,540
but there was no
longer a Warsaw Pact.
324
00:19:10,780 --> 00:19:11,780
Against whom?
325
00:19:12,220 --> 00:19:13,740
Why join NATO?
326
00:19:15,821 --> 00:19:18,522
The expansionist intentions
of NATO and Europe
327
00:19:18,658 --> 00:19:20,858
are in total contradiction
with the secret,
328
00:19:20,994 --> 00:19:23,260
and unfortunately,
verbal agreements
329
00:19:23,396 --> 00:19:25,563
made between Gorbachev
and Bush senior
330
00:19:25,698 --> 00:19:27,831
after the collapse of the USSR.
331
00:19:28,600 --> 00:19:31,301
The agreements between the
two presidents stipulated
332
00:19:31,437 --> 00:19:34,205
that countries having a common
frontier with new Russia
333
00:19:34,340 --> 00:19:36,307
could in no event join NATO.
334
00:19:44,100 --> 00:19:48,860
When the former Baltic
states of the USSR
335
00:19:48,940 --> 00:19:51,660
joined NATO in 2004,
336
00:19:53,540 --> 00:19:56,740
NATO called it a 'wave
of transformation'
337
00:19:57,780 --> 00:20:01,700
whereas in Russia they called
it a 'wave of enlargement'.
338
00:20:02,501 --> 00:20:04,201
This immediately provokes
339
00:20:04,336 --> 00:20:05,936
the reaction of Alexey Pushkov,
340
00:20:06,071 --> 00:20:08,105
spokesman for foreign
affairs in the Duma,
341
00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:09,907
the Russian House of parliament.
342
00:20:11,300 --> 00:20:14,180
NATO "amasses" an increasing
number of nations
343
00:20:14,220 --> 00:20:16,940
and then the US secretary
of defence said:
344
00:20:17,020 --> 00:20:19,260
"Russian forces are at
the gates of NATO!"
345
00:20:19,340 --> 00:20:22,420
Yes, because NATO has come from
Germany to the Russian border,
346
00:20:22,460 --> 00:20:25,740
but it's NATO that had expanded
in the direction of Russia,
347
00:20:25,780 --> 00:20:29,180
that's why we considered
it a great danger.
348
00:20:29,529 --> 00:20:32,629
After NATO, it is the
European Union's turn
349
00:20:32,765 --> 00:20:35,399
to invite Baltic states and
a few other former members
350
00:20:35,535 --> 00:20:37,568
of the Warsaw Pact to join it.
351
00:20:38,980 --> 00:20:41,260
The expansion of a
new Europe means the
352
00:20:41,300 --> 00:20:43,660
expansion of an acutely
anti-Russian bloc,
353
00:20:43,700 --> 00:20:46,380
which will, in fact,
build around Germany.
354
00:20:46,580 --> 00:20:49,020
That's to say that
within the European Union
355
00:20:49,060 --> 00:20:53,540
there is an extremely powerful
Eastern European bloc,
356
00:20:53,740 --> 00:20:55,620
whose opponent is Russia,
357
00:20:55,660 --> 00:20:57,580
and that's something
that counts a lot.
358
00:20:57,940 --> 00:21:01,660
The West was convinced that
it could rule the world,
359
00:21:02,340 --> 00:21:04,580
not by military means
as previously,
360
00:21:04,620 --> 00:21:06,340
in the age of the empires,
361
00:21:06,500 --> 00:21:10,460
but by combining
economic control
362
00:21:10,500 --> 00:21:16,180
and the ideology
of universalism.
363
00:21:17,140 --> 00:21:19,820
If the West had
collaborated with Putin
364
00:21:19,860 --> 00:21:22,580
in a genuine economic
partnership,
365
00:21:22,820 --> 00:21:27,020
today Russia would be a member
of NATO and the European Union.
366
00:21:27,580 --> 00:21:30,620
But they didn't want relations
based on equality with Russia.
367
00:21:31,140 --> 00:21:34,820
Between 1999 and 2000, Putin
was probably the most
368
00:21:34,860 --> 00:21:37,820
pro-European of
Russian politicians.
369
00:21:38,780 --> 00:21:43,980
Certainly not the most
pro-Western, that hasn't changed.
370
00:21:44,540 --> 00:21:48,820
But certainly the most
pro-European in Russian history.
371
00:21:49,980 --> 00:21:52,300
At the Munich
conference in 2007,
372
00:21:52,500 --> 00:21:55,900
Putin expressed his feelings
on the US with clarity.
373
00:21:55,980 --> 00:21:57,860
He couldn't wait until 2012.
374
00:21:58,140 --> 00:22:00,180
What is a unipolar world?
375
00:22:00,940 --> 00:22:05,220
No matter how one tries
to embellish this term,
376
00:22:05,380 --> 00:22:08,860
in reality it means only one
thing: one centre of authority,
377
00:22:09,300 --> 00:22:14,100
one centre of force and one
centre of decision-making,
378
00:22:14,380 --> 00:22:16,900
of a unique sovereign.
379
00:22:18,500 --> 00:22:24,340
Ultimately it would be fatal for
those within such a system,
380
00:22:24,660 --> 00:22:27,380
because it destroys
itself from within.
381
00:22:36,956 --> 00:22:40,324
Harasho, harasho. I run
this freakin' show.
382
00:22:40,726 --> 00:22:43,994
You think I can't speak English?
There's nothing I don't know.
383
00:22:44,130 --> 00:22:47,764
I know that World War 3
nobody wants to see
384
00:22:47,900 --> 00:22:51,268
so please EU and USA don't
mothersuckers mess with me.
385
00:22:51,404 --> 00:22:53,504
Oh, Yes I Ken
386
00:22:53,639 --> 00:22:55,339
'cause I'm the president...
387
00:22:55,474 --> 00:22:57,674
In the Munich speech of 2007
388
00:22:57,809 --> 00:22:59,876
Putin pronounces his
first violent diatribe
389
00:23:00,012 --> 00:23:01,445
on western policies.
390
00:23:02,081 --> 00:23:04,214
There is no immediate
follow up as until now
391
00:23:04,350 --> 00:23:06,150
Putin has only
concentrated on putting
392
00:23:06,285 --> 00:23:08,352
Russian domestic
affairs in order.
393
00:23:08,821 --> 00:23:10,921
But Russia has
strategic interests.
394
00:23:11,290 --> 00:23:14,324
Like The United States and other
principal western countries,
395
00:23:14,460 --> 00:23:16,226
Russia must now
prove its capacity
396
00:23:16,362 --> 00:23:18,028
to influence other countries.
397
00:23:18,164 --> 00:23:20,630
Because what counts is
a sphere of influence
398
00:23:20,766 --> 00:23:22,566
each large nation
has in the world.
399
00:23:23,940 --> 00:23:29,580
For Russia, security interests
come before economic interests.
400
00:23:29,940 --> 00:23:32,820
In this context, the
relations between Russia
401
00:23:33,460 --> 00:23:36,380
and the US, Europe
and NATO countries,
402
00:23:36,580 --> 00:23:40,100
are the subject of
constant debate
403
00:23:40,340 --> 00:23:44,140
Russians feel
scorned, surrounded,
404
00:23:44,620 --> 00:23:47,540
threatened with irreparable
destabilisation
405
00:23:47,900 --> 00:23:52,220
and Westerners believe that
Putin is increasingly a bit autocratic,
406
00:23:52,598 --> 00:23:55,699
Putin is pressed by the
liberals in his inner circle
407
00:23:55,835 --> 00:23:57,501
and the West is
beginning to weigh
408
00:23:57,637 --> 00:24:00,003
on Russia economically
and needs reassuring.
409
00:24:00,439 --> 00:24:02,840
He tells his Prime
Minister, Dmitri Medvedev,
410
00:24:02,975 --> 00:24:05,843
a renowned moderate,
to run for president.
411
00:24:06,778 --> 00:24:08,145
Vladimir Putin is playing a
412
00:24:08,280 --> 00:24:10,380
political game of
musical chairs.
413
00:24:10,749 --> 00:24:12,349
For four or eight years, he will
414
00:24:12,484 --> 00:24:14,418
replace Medvedev
as prime minister,
415
00:24:14,554 --> 00:24:16,920
with in mind, a subsequent
return to power,
416
00:24:17,056 --> 00:24:18,822
while to all
appearances submitting
417
00:24:18,957 --> 00:24:21,292
to the rules of
the constitution.
418
00:24:23,062 --> 00:24:26,430
In large Russian towns President
Medvedev's liberal policies,
419
00:24:26,565 --> 00:24:29,199
inspired by the West,
raise the hopes of
420
00:24:29,335 --> 00:24:31,969
the Russian middle
classes for change.
421
00:24:34,974 --> 00:24:36,974
But an event reveals
the tension between
422
00:24:37,109 --> 00:24:39,142
the two ruling heads
of the country.
423
00:24:39,411 --> 00:24:41,779
In August 2008,
Georgia bombards a
424
00:24:41,914 --> 00:24:44,247
province on the
Russian frontier.
425
00:24:44,716 --> 00:24:48,585
President Medvedev, Chief of the
Armed forces, fails to react.
426
00:24:49,221 --> 00:24:51,188
On air, in front of
the whole nation,
427
00:24:51,323 --> 00:24:54,191
Putin curtly reminds him
of his responsibilities?
428
00:24:55,780 --> 00:24:57,980
I think it would
be wise that you
429
00:24:58,020 --> 00:25:00,100
give an order to
the War Tribunal
430
00:25:00,700 --> 00:25:02,100
Of course I shall do that
431
00:25:02,234 --> 00:25:04,668
Putin feels obliged
to take on the role
432
00:25:04,804 --> 00:25:06,236
of Chief of the Armed Forces,
433
00:25:06,371 --> 00:25:08,839
a role normally incumbent
on the president.
434
00:25:09,274 --> 00:25:12,142
Medvedev remains sovereign
in the economic field.
435
00:25:12,278 --> 00:25:14,311
His job is to
reassure investors,
436
00:25:14,446 --> 00:25:16,714
but the West takes advantage
of his weaknesses
437
00:25:16,849 --> 00:25:18,949
rather than dialoguing with him
438
00:25:19,251 --> 00:25:21,618
During the sub-prime
crisis in 2008,
439
00:25:21,754 --> 00:25:23,520
Medvedev is unable
to prevent the
440
00:25:23,656 --> 00:25:25,589
massive flight of
American capital.
441
00:25:25,757 --> 00:25:27,791
The Russian stock
exchange plunges
442
00:25:27,927 --> 00:25:29,894
and shuts down several times.
443
00:25:35,000 --> 00:25:36,232
FIRING
444
00:25:36,368 --> 00:25:39,636
But 2011 looks like being
the year of every danger.
445
00:25:40,272 --> 00:25:42,239
During the Libyan
crisis Russia fails
446
00:25:42,374 --> 00:25:45,408
to use its veto in the
UN Security council.
447
00:25:45,844 --> 00:25:48,145
But Putin quickly realises
that the supposedly
448
00:25:48,281 --> 00:25:51,014
humanitarian
Franco-British coalition
449
00:25:51,150 --> 00:25:54,551
has the ultimate aim of
physically eliminating Gaddafi.
450
00:25:55,487 --> 00:25:59,857
Medvedev doesn't see this coming
and Russia loses a key ally.
451
00:26:05,197 --> 00:26:07,430
Putin now clearly
knows what he wants
452
00:26:07,566 --> 00:26:10,066
and has himself easily
nominated by his party
453
00:26:10,202 --> 00:26:13,270
to be the candidate for the
next presidential election.
454
00:26:13,606 --> 00:26:16,272
In the parliamentary
elections of 2011
455
00:26:16,441 --> 00:26:18,341
Putin's party is victorious,
456
00:26:18,577 --> 00:26:20,644
but the opposition
denounces significant
457
00:26:20,779 --> 00:26:23,046
electoral frauds and
takes to the streets.
458
00:26:23,248 --> 00:26:24,915
They are the biggest
demonstrations
459
00:26:25,050 --> 00:26:26,683
since Putin's arrival in power.
460
00:26:30,580 --> 00:26:32,220
Take the square!
461
00:26:32,380 --> 00:26:35,660
Prevent these rats
from gaining power!
462
00:26:46,138 --> 00:26:49,472
Prime minister Putin sees the
ghost of a colour revolution,
463
00:26:49,608 --> 00:26:51,542
gliding over his own country.
464
00:26:53,713 --> 00:26:57,380
We just witnessed fraud in
the Duma election in Russia,
465
00:26:57,516 --> 00:27:01,185
including efforts to halt
the election monitoring
466
00:27:01,700 --> 00:27:03,940
The first thing the
Secretary of State
467
00:27:04,220 --> 00:27:05,940
does is to criticize
the elections,
468
00:27:06,020 --> 00:27:08,420
even if she still hasn't
received any proof from
469
00:27:08,460 --> 00:27:12,620
the monitoring international
organisations.
470
00:27:12,940 --> 00:27:15,300
She is addressing some
people in particular
471
00:27:15,340 --> 00:27:17,380
and is sending them a message.
472
00:27:17,540 --> 00:27:20,460
The message was received
and people have started
473
00:27:20,500 --> 00:27:25,220
to take steps, with the
support of the State Department
474
00:27:25,380 --> 00:27:32,700
According to the Kremlin, the
intelligentsia deceived them.
475
00:27:33,260 --> 00:27:36,780
They were ungrateful and
were rejected from society.
476
00:27:37,380 --> 00:27:39,260
Robber! Robber!
477
00:27:42,620 --> 00:27:44,020
She is here anyway!
478
00:27:44,620 --> 00:27:49,780
We gave them plasma TV's,
holidays in Turkey or Fiji
479
00:27:49,820 --> 00:27:52,300
we allowed them to
buy houses abroad,
480
00:27:52,340 --> 00:27:54,580
to do whatever
they wanted in bed
481
00:27:54,620 --> 00:27:56,940
and even to criticise
us in their blogs
482
00:27:56,980 --> 00:27:58,700
and little radio stations,
483
00:27:58,740 --> 00:28:02,660
to drink lattes, buy a
Mercedes or a Ford,
484
00:28:02,700 --> 00:28:06,340
to use all the new gadgets,
including the iPhone.
485
00:28:06,460 --> 00:28:07,860
And what do they do?
486
00:28:07,900 --> 00:28:11,300
They took the iPhones they
had bought thanks to us
487
00:28:12,260 --> 00:28:15,660
and they went to Bolotnaya
square and tweeted:
488
00:28:15,740 --> 00:28:18,020
"Down with Putin!
It's all crap!"
489
00:28:18,163 --> 00:28:20,497
I mean you can imagine a
conversation with Putin,
490
00:28:20,633 --> 00:28:23,199
you know he was Prime
Minister after he was president
491
00:28:23,335 --> 00:28:25,835
then one day says
"Vladimir, you think
492
00:28:25,971 --> 00:28:28,938
you'd like to be president
again? I think I would actually.
493
00:28:30,208 --> 00:28:31,909
Why don't we just
go announce it,
494
00:28:32,044 --> 00:28:34,510
we'll tell Dimitri that he
could be Prime Minister.
495
00:28:34,646 --> 00:28:38,515
Excellent, excellent idea.
We have a process, yes?
496
00:28:46,659 --> 00:28:49,492
One month later in March 2012,
497
00:28:49,795 --> 00:28:51,662
Putin has the
satisfaction of winning
498
00:28:51,797 --> 00:28:54,063
the presidential election
in the first round
499
00:28:54,199 --> 00:28:56,232
with 63 per cent of the votes.
500
00:28:56,835 --> 00:29:00,237
His prime minister will
be? Dmitri Medvedev.
501
00:29:02,340 --> 00:29:09,380
Thank you to all those who
said yes to Great Russia.
502
00:29:10,620 --> 00:29:12,100
I salute you comrades!
503
00:29:13,060 --> 00:29:16,980
We salute you Comrade President
of the Russian Federation.
504
00:29:17,620 --> 00:29:19,980
Hoorah! Hoorah! Hoorah!
505
00:29:23,829 --> 00:29:25,962
Putin is well and truly back.
506
00:29:26,098 --> 00:29:29,065
He is not less authoritarian,
he is more so.
507
00:29:29,200 --> 00:29:32,235
He is not less conservative,
he is more so.
508
00:29:32,437 --> 00:29:35,405
He is not less militaristic,
he is more so.
509
00:29:35,808 --> 00:29:37,508
All this is
confidently asserted,
510
00:29:37,643 --> 00:29:40,077
coherent, and part of
his global vision.
511
00:29:40,379 --> 00:29:43,447
It's exactly what a large number
of Russians want to hear.
512
00:29:43,682 --> 00:29:46,115
Putin, at last clearly
spells it out.
513
00:29:46,251 --> 00:29:49,086
"Russia will become a
great power again."
514
00:29:50,140 --> 00:29:54,860
I keep hearing it said that "Russia
should have the respect its entitled to"
515
00:29:55,260 --> 00:29:56,420
Why should anyone think otherwise?
516
00:29:57,140 --> 00:30:00,220
Who? Who would think otherwise?
517
00:30:01,220 --> 00:30:02,500
So it's really just a rhetorical question.
518
00:30:03,101 --> 00:30:04,067
Yes, but...
519
00:30:06,940 --> 00:30:10,100
"How can we demonstrate
that we are a great power?"
520
00:30:10,340 --> 00:30:14,180
To begin with in the
2000s, his strategy was
521
00:30:14,220 --> 00:30:17,860
to reach out to the United
States and to Europe and say:
522
00:30:17,980 --> 00:30:19,940
"We are Europeans".
523
00:30:20,420 --> 00:30:22,660
But faced with the
failure of this policy
524
00:30:22,700 --> 00:30:25,380
he creates a new concept of
international relations,
525
00:30:25,420 --> 00:30:27,660
viewed as a new
imperialism, but it isn't.
526
00:30:27,700 --> 00:30:29,980
It's a new concept of
international relations,
527
00:30:30,020 --> 00:30:31,900
which is not the same thing.
528
00:30:32,397 --> 00:30:34,798
The master of the
Kremlin launches
529
00:30:34,933 --> 00:30:37,601
a vast enterprise of
strategic reconstruction.
530
00:30:38,003 --> 00:30:39,903
His priority is to
displace his great
531
00:30:40,038 --> 00:30:42,038
country's economic
centre of gravity.
532
00:30:42,741 --> 00:30:46,376
In the search of a new ally,
he sets sail for the East:
533
00:30:46,845 --> 00:30:49,146
His first port of
visit is China.
534
00:30:51,460 --> 00:30:54,780
From 2004 he had
begun to participate
535
00:30:54,820 --> 00:30:56,420
with the Shanghai group,
536
00:30:56,660 --> 00:30:59,220
a group invented by China
and not at all by Russia,
537
00:30:59,260 --> 00:31:01,420
which was composed only
of Asiatic states.
538
00:31:01,460 --> 00:31:04,220
He entered the BRICS, the ASEAN,
539
00:31:04,260 --> 00:31:07,420
into the entire system of
extra-European alliances
540
00:31:07,460 --> 00:31:10,580
where, in fact, Russia
seemed a workable player.
541
00:31:10,900 --> 00:31:14,380
In 2012, an important
event occurred:
542
00:31:15,420 --> 00:31:19,900
The moment he became president,
543
00:31:20,340 --> 00:31:23,740
Putin inaugurated his mandate
with a State visit to China.
544
00:31:25,060 --> 00:31:27,460
Putin believes that
Europe wants to
545
00:31:27,500 --> 00:31:30,180
impose its (controversial) ideological
conformity ideas on Russia.
546
00:31:30,740 --> 00:31:35,340
and Putin prefers to trade harmlessly with China,
547
00:31:35,860 --> 00:31:39,060
who do not seek to impose themselves,
and instead simply cooperate with Russians,
548
00:31:39,100 --> 00:31:42,260
even though he actually of course approves
of what are European values.
549
00:31:42,620 --> 00:31:45,500
Our economic goals have similarity of course.
550
00:31:45,540 --> 00:31:48,020
We are both large
economic countries
551
00:31:48,060 --> 00:31:49,860
and compete with similar economic growth aspirations.
552
00:31:49,900 --> 00:31:54,660
We both hope to
become successful
553
00:31:54,700 --> 00:31:58,300
in this competitive world environment.
554
00:32:01,700 --> 00:32:05,060
Europe is a huge
market for Russia.
555
00:32:05,740 --> 00:32:07,740
But Russia has
chosen a different
556
00:32:07,780 --> 00:32:09,620
strategy and turned toward Asia.
557
00:32:09,860 --> 00:32:11,140
Basically it says:
558
00:32:11,500 --> 00:32:15,340
"We are not dependent on Europe,
559
00:32:15,380 --> 00:32:20,100
we have multiple
alternative outlets."
560
00:32:20,180 --> 00:32:25,460
This is what led to signing
agreements with China.
561
00:32:26,845 --> 00:32:28,879
China plays along with Putin
562
00:32:29,014 --> 00:32:30,680
and very quickly
becomes Russia's
563
00:32:30,816 --> 00:32:32,783
most important
commercial partner.
564
00:32:33,252 --> 00:32:35,552
Together, they initiate
military cooperation
565
00:32:35,687 --> 00:32:39,422
and large infrastructure
works such as the silk road.
566
00:32:39,691 --> 00:32:41,257
Amongst all their
joint projects,
567
00:32:41,393 --> 00:32:42,726
the most ambitious one,
568
00:32:42,861 --> 00:32:44,894
carried out with
great discretion,
569
00:32:45,030 --> 00:32:47,763
is to bring down the
hegemony of the dollar.
570
00:32:48,333 --> 00:32:51,401
China and Russia both buy
large quantities of gold,
571
00:32:51,636 --> 00:32:53,970
each using their own currencies.
572
00:32:54,339 --> 00:32:56,205
Their long term
project is to prepare
573
00:32:56,341 --> 00:32:58,475
a fatal blow to the
dollar empire.
574
00:32:59,420 --> 00:33:01,340
There might be a
geopolitical alliance,
575
00:33:01,420 --> 00:33:03,500
short-lived and limited
to few subjects,
576
00:33:03,700 --> 00:33:08,740
an agreement with China to
trump various US projects,
577
00:33:09,500 --> 00:33:12,780
to use the Chinese economy
for specific deeds,
578
00:33:12,860 --> 00:33:14,660
accords, projects.
579
00:33:14,980 --> 00:33:17,660
I cannot fathom to think that
Russia would ever consent
580
00:33:17,700 --> 00:33:19,900
to an alliance against the rest
of Europe.
581
00:33:20,140 --> 00:33:22,820
But it is mired in circumstances, it will potentially
become viewed in such seeming circumstances
582
00:33:23,020 --> 00:33:25,740
where no real alternative was to presents itself
instead.
583
00:33:26,420 --> 00:33:28,900
Right now I have the
impression that
584
00:33:28,940 --> 00:33:33,220
we have stuck our heads in the
jaws of the Chinese tiger.
585
00:33:33,980 --> 00:33:35,860
And this tiger is thinking.
586
00:33:35,900 --> 00:33:38,420
It isn't in their
interest to eat us
587
00:33:39,060 --> 00:33:42,500
so they will just play with us.
588
00:33:43,060 --> 00:33:45,380
When Xi Jinping
became president,
589
00:33:45,460 --> 00:33:48,020
his first foreign visit
took place in Russia.
590
00:33:48,540 --> 00:33:51,260
This reveals the knowledge
and profound determination
591
00:33:51,300 --> 00:33:52,740
of these two heads of state
592
00:33:52,780 --> 00:33:54,700
on the importance
of the relations
593
00:33:54,740 --> 00:33:56,460
between our two countries.
594
00:33:56,601 --> 00:34:00,703
China is an important
diplomatic and economic ally,
595
00:34:01,573 --> 00:34:04,507
but Putin knows it is a
circumstantial alliance.
596
00:34:04,876 --> 00:34:07,877
The Middle Empire is becoming
the major world economy,
597
00:34:08,013 --> 00:34:09,779
one day or another
each country's
598
00:34:09,915 --> 00:34:11,481
interests will diverge.
599
00:34:13,218 --> 00:34:15,185
On a parallel with the
alliance with China,
600
00:34:15,320 --> 00:34:17,854
Putin's dream is to
create a multi-polar world
601
00:34:17,989 --> 00:34:20,924
where Russia will play
a predominant role.
602
00:34:22,460 --> 00:34:25,361
He revives an ancient
Eurasian ideology.
603
00:34:25,597 --> 00:34:28,231
Moscow would be at the heart
of a new economic hub
604
00:34:28,366 --> 00:34:30,800
consisting of former
soviet republics in Europe
605
00:34:30,935 --> 00:34:34,471
and central Asia, stretching
from Belarus to Siberia
606
00:34:34,606 --> 00:34:37,941
and including Kazakhstan
and if possible Ukraine.
607
00:34:38,210 --> 00:34:41,177
...Kazakhstan, Armenia, and soon
Kyrgyzstan.
608
00:34:41,313 --> 00:34:43,679
Phil, you said it's big,
look at the size of it,
609
00:34:43,815 --> 00:34:47,250
five times bigger than its
neighbour the European Union.
610
00:34:48,940 --> 00:34:54,180
We will continue to cooperate
with Russia, if it wishes,
611
00:34:55,140 --> 00:34:57,820
We shall develop our
close cooperation
612
00:34:57,860 --> 00:35:00,940
with members of the
Eurasian Economic Union.
613
00:35:01,260 --> 00:35:03,740
Belarus will remain
a crucial player
614
00:35:03,780 --> 00:35:06,100
in the post-Soviet
reconstruction.
615
00:35:06,638 --> 00:35:08,471
The aim of this
economic structure
616
00:35:08,606 --> 00:35:11,274
is to show solidarity
and be self sufficient.
617
00:35:12,043 --> 00:35:14,277
Open to the rest of the
world it would become
618
00:35:14,412 --> 00:35:17,681
the turntable for relations
between Europe and Asia.
619
00:35:20,318 --> 00:35:22,218
One of these
countries, Kazakhstan
620
00:35:22,354 --> 00:35:24,120
is particularly important:
621
00:35:24,556 --> 00:35:28,158
it's new capital Astana, with
its avant-guard architecture,
622
00:35:28,293 --> 00:35:30,593
is constructed at the
heart of the Steppes
623
00:35:30,728 --> 00:35:33,830
and has been chosen as the
future capital of Eurasia.
624
00:35:34,232 --> 00:35:37,234
For the last 26 years this
former soviet republic
625
00:35:37,369 --> 00:35:39,870
has been run by the
dictator Nazarbayev.
626
00:35:41,340 --> 00:35:45,108
Very close to Putin, he acts
as a mediator with Turkey.
627
00:35:46,411 --> 00:35:49,979
Kazakhstan is immense and
extremely rich in raw materials:
628
00:35:50,114 --> 00:35:52,482
gas, petrol, uranium.
629
00:35:53,018 --> 00:35:54,517
The country shares a frontier
630
00:35:54,653 --> 00:35:58,521
of 7000 kilometres with
Russia and 150 with China.
631
00:35:59,357 --> 00:36:01,557
Its geographic position
would be perfectly
632
00:36:01,693 --> 00:36:04,027
central as the
capital of Eurasia.
633
00:36:05,740 --> 00:36:08,500
Clearly, Russia's objective
is based on volunteering,
634
00:36:08,540 --> 00:36:11,620
on reconstructing a
geopolitical body
635
00:36:11,660 --> 00:36:15,540
of roughly 200
million inhabitants,
636
00:36:16,580 --> 00:36:19,180
which would have
military cooperation,
637
00:36:19,220 --> 00:36:21,260
common economic cooperation
638
00:36:21,380 --> 00:36:24,580
simply in order to influence
the course of events,
639
00:36:24,660 --> 00:36:27,220
in the same way
that Europe plans
640
00:36:27,260 --> 00:36:29,380
to influence with 500 million,
641
00:36:29,460 --> 00:36:32,060
alongside the Kazakhs, the
Kirghizs, the Belarusians
642
00:36:32,100 --> 00:36:34,460
and with the Ukrainians
if it had been possible
643
00:36:34,500 --> 00:36:35,400
but that didn't work.
644
00:36:35,527 --> 00:36:37,260
Apart
from the very strong
645
00:36:37,395 --> 00:36:40,229
cultural and economic link that
unites Russia and Ukraine,
646
00:36:40,365 --> 00:36:43,199
the second greatest economic
power of the former USSR,
647
00:36:43,335 --> 00:36:46,469
Ukraine also holds an essential
geo-strategic position.
648
00:36:46,605 --> 00:36:48,638
as far as Europe is concerned.
649
00:36:49,541 --> 00:36:51,074
But neither the United States
650
00:36:51,209 --> 00:36:53,976
nor present European
leaders see it that way.
651
00:36:54,446 --> 00:36:56,379
In the end, Ukraine,
which could have
652
00:36:56,515 --> 00:36:58,548
been a bridge between
the two worlds,
653
00:36:58,683 --> 00:37:01,484
is driven to choose
between one or the other.
654
00:37:03,260 --> 00:37:07,180
In 2014, the European Union
signed an agreement with Ukraine
655
00:37:07,220 --> 00:37:10,780
signifying, "you are dealing
with us, and not with Russia,"
656
00:37:10,820 --> 00:37:12,540
which was a declaration of war.
657
00:37:12,940 --> 00:37:17,540
Now, in one move, the
EU decided to enter
658
00:37:17,580 --> 00:37:22,860
the customs territory
of Russian via Ukraine.
659
00:37:23,380 --> 00:37:25,780
Is that how things
should be done?
660
00:37:26,420 --> 00:37:29,140
And when we suggested
holding consultations,
661
00:37:29,300 --> 00:37:31,820
we were told it
wasn't our business.
662
00:37:32,060 --> 00:37:36,540
Is that how we should solve
the problems of Russia?
663
00:37:36,980 --> 00:37:39,420
The European Union demonstrated
664
00:37:39,460 --> 00:37:42,380
an abysmal lack of understanding.
665
00:37:42,980 --> 00:37:44,780
And it is very responsible.
666
00:37:45,020 --> 00:37:47,820
I mean,
the European Union's misfortunes,
667
00:37:47,860 --> 00:37:49,980
which are perceived with Brexit
668
00:37:50,820 --> 00:37:53,940
stem from that,
from its ignorance of the people.
669
00:37:54,340 --> 00:37:58,500
The Association agreement will modify the rules of the game
670
00:37:58,540 --> 00:38:01,900
and will transform Ukraine into a country
671
00:38:01,940 --> 00:38:05,660
with a European
policy and economy
672
00:38:06,260 --> 00:38:08,540
This will pose a terrible
threat to Putin,
673
00:38:08,660 --> 00:38:12,180
because our people
are very close.
674
00:38:13,700 --> 00:38:18,180
And the outcome of Ukraine embracing a European development
675
00:38:18,380 --> 00:38:21,300
will be an unbearable scenario for Putin.
676
00:38:21,566 --> 00:38:23,900
Subject to pressure from the Kremlin,
677
00:38:24,035 --> 00:38:26,101
Viktor Yanukovych, elected
after the failure
678
00:38:26,237 --> 00:38:28,838
of the leaders of the
Orange revolution, in 2010,
679
00:38:28,974 --> 00:38:30,873
finally, but not surprisingly,
680
00:38:31,008 --> 00:38:32,875
turns his back on
Europe and joins
681
00:38:33,011 --> 00:38:35,045
The Customs Union with Russia.
682
00:38:37,916 --> 00:38:40,216
The sudden about-turn
of President Yanukovych
683
00:38:40,352 --> 00:38:43,319
provokes public protest
in Kiev the capital.
684
00:38:43,588 --> 00:38:46,122
Thousands of people
take to the streets.
685
00:38:46,291 --> 00:38:50,159
At first the movement is pacific
as in the orange revolution,
686
00:38:50,528 --> 00:38:52,495
but Yanukovych's
repression is enforced
687
00:38:52,630 --> 00:38:54,230
by the Ukrainian special forces
688
00:38:54,366 --> 00:38:56,399
and paramilitary and nationalist groups
689
00:38:56,535 --> 00:38:58,968
turn it into a military confrontation.
690
00:38:59,537 --> 00:39:02,605
The series of decisions taken
by Moscow, Kiev or Brussels
691
00:39:02,741 --> 00:39:04,707
only succeed in
plunging the world
692
00:39:04,843 --> 00:39:06,810
into a new trial of strength.
693
00:39:12,020 --> 00:39:14,380
Yanukovych destroyed the Ukrainian army.
694
00:39:14,420 --> 00:39:16,740
However,
he was able to develop internal troops
695
00:39:16,780 --> 00:39:18,940
which were forced
to fight against
696
00:39:19,020 --> 00:39:20,940
internal enemies, meaning us.
697
00:39:20,980 --> 00:39:22,900
We stood no chance of winning.
698
00:39:25,260 --> 00:39:26,540
But we did!
699
00:39:29,734 --> 00:39:32,468
On 21st of February 2014
700
00:39:32,870 --> 00:39:35,705
after several weeks of bloodshed on Maidan,
701
00:39:35,841 --> 00:39:39,509
the opposition takes advantage
of Viktor Yanukovych's flight
702
00:39:39,644 --> 00:39:41,144
to invest parliament.
703
00:39:43,660 --> 00:39:48,980
The protests in Kiev were a brutal awakening for Putin.
704
00:39:50,140 --> 00:39:53,100
They showed that in Ukraine,
which is like a mini-Russia,
705
00:39:53,140 --> 00:39:55,940
people can demonstrate
and simply dismiss
706
00:39:55,980 --> 00:39:59,260
a regime that isn't
even communist,
707
00:39:59,980 --> 00:40:06,740
in a country with no gulag and
where nobody dies of hunger.
708
00:40:07,220 --> 00:40:09,580
Whatever people might say,
709
00:40:09,660 --> 00:40:13,260
we are all fully aware
710
00:40:13,580 --> 00:40:17,140
of the staged events that
took place on Maidan.
711
00:40:17,620 --> 00:40:21,220
The media coverage, the
support of the politicians...
712
00:40:21,380 --> 00:40:23,700
it demonstrates the
full involvement
713
00:40:23,740 --> 00:40:25,620
of the USA and of Europeans
714
00:40:25,700 --> 00:40:27,540
in a coup d'etat and an
715
00:40:27,580 --> 00:40:30,100
anti-constitutional
seizure of power.
716
00:40:31,495 --> 00:40:35,197
The United states no longer
even makes any effort to hide.
717
00:40:35,566 --> 00:40:38,201
Victoria Nuland, the US
vice secretary of state
718
00:40:38,336 --> 00:40:41,037
openly distributes
sandwiches on Maidan.
719
00:40:41,372 --> 00:40:43,740
A few weeks earlier in a
telephone conversation
720
00:40:43,875 --> 00:40:47,376
intercepted by the Russians, to
her foreign affairs colleague,
721
00:40:47,512 --> 00:40:49,646
she had cracked: "Fuck Europe""
722
00:40:51,949 --> 00:40:54,317
Putin fears that if he
does not react quickly,
723
00:40:54,452 --> 00:40:55,885
Ukraine will join NATO
724
00:40:56,020 --> 00:40:58,687
and partially compromise
his Eurasian project.
725
00:40:59,323 --> 00:41:02,191
The entire future of
Putin's Russia is perhaps
726
00:41:02,327 --> 00:41:05,261
secretly at stake behind
the Kremlin doors.
727
00:41:08,967 --> 00:41:11,000
The new government of Ukraine,
728
00:41:11,235 --> 00:41:14,671
has recently announced its plans
729
00:41:14,873 --> 00:41:16,405
to join NATO.
730
00:41:16,841 --> 00:41:20,710
Just imagine, say,
that in the 1980s,
731
00:41:21,112 --> 00:41:26,548
the Warsaw Pact had expanded
through much of Latin America,
732
00:41:27,051 --> 00:41:32,188
uh, Mexico announced its plans
to join the Warsaw Pact.
733
00:41:33,091 --> 00:41:35,391
How would the United
States have reacted?
734
00:41:35,694 --> 00:41:37,659
Putin takes a trip to Crimea,
735
00:41:37,795 --> 00:41:39,762
an autonomous
province of Ukraine,
736
00:41:39,898 --> 00:41:41,664
where 90 per cent
of the inhabitants
737
00:41:41,799 --> 00:41:43,332
are Russian speakers.
738
00:41:43,534 --> 00:41:46,268
Former territory of Tsarist
Russia and the USSR,
739
00:41:46,404 --> 00:41:48,671
Russia has many vested
interests there
740
00:41:48,806 --> 00:41:50,707
and owns the naval
base of Sevastopol
741
00:41:50,842 --> 00:41:53,543
with unique control
over the Black Sea.
742
00:41:56,140 --> 00:41:58,380
Mindful of my responsibility
to preserve the
743
00:41:58,420 --> 00:42:00,660
life and security of the
citizens of Crimea,
744
00:42:00,740 --> 00:42:02,340
I call upon the President of the
745
00:42:02,380 --> 00:42:04,180
Russian Federation,
Vladimir Putin
746
00:42:04,220 --> 00:42:06,980
in order to maintain peace and
security in the territory
747
00:42:07,020 --> 00:42:08,280
of the autonomous
Republic of Crimea.
748
00:42:08,660 --> 00:42:10,626
After several days of silence,
749
00:42:10,762 --> 00:42:12,428
Putin improvises a
counter-offensive
750
00:42:12,563 --> 00:42:15,932
that will mark a turning
point in east-west relations
751
00:42:17,420 --> 00:42:20,460
Ukraine says Russia
declared war.
752
00:42:20,860 --> 00:42:24,780
European leaders are meeting
in Brussels at this moment.
753
00:42:25,060 --> 00:42:27,860
Respond to Russian
intervention in Crimea
754
00:42:28,180 --> 00:42:30,100
And the Russians who
are now attempting
755
00:42:30,140 --> 00:42:31,700
to recuperate military bases...
756
00:42:31,980 --> 00:42:35,460
Armed men with no
formal identification...
757
00:42:35,700 --> 00:42:36,900
Who are these men?
758
00:42:36,940 --> 00:42:38,740
They are wearing
combat fatigues,
759
00:42:38,780 --> 00:42:40,020
which appear to be new,
760
00:42:40,060 --> 00:42:41,300
where do they come from?
761
00:42:41,380 --> 00:42:42,380
Russian?
762
00:42:42,940 --> 00:42:44,460
No answer.
763
00:42:44,896 --> 00:42:47,864
These are events that we
would consider unthinkable
764
00:42:47,999 --> 00:42:50,767
in the 21st century in
the European continent.
765
00:42:54,339 --> 00:42:57,106
Russian troops are deployed
in the Crimean Peninsula.
766
00:42:57,241 --> 00:42:59,508
Heavily armed, yet
surprisingly relaxed,
767
00:42:59,644 --> 00:43:01,310
the green men
tranquilly go about
768
00:43:01,445 --> 00:43:03,579
neutralising the regular
Ukrainian army,
769
00:43:03,715 --> 00:43:05,548
in what could be
called a particularly
770
00:43:05,683 --> 00:43:07,383
unspectacular power grab.
771
00:43:10,100 --> 00:43:13,100
The Russians fired warning
shots in the air.
772
00:43:16,060 --> 00:43:17,820
You're being filmed
by journalists!
773
00:43:18,300 --> 00:43:19,580
The US are with us!
774
00:43:20,940 --> 00:43:22,660
Calm own, stop this chaos!
775
00:43:23,660 --> 00:43:25,980
Calm this crowd, major.
776
00:43:27,540 --> 00:43:30,260
It's not a crowd, we
are all soldiers!
777
00:43:43,340 --> 00:43:44,700
Honey, I can't talk to you.
778
00:43:46,190 --> 00:43:48,991
Once the green men have
installed themselves in Crimea,
779
00:43:49,126 --> 00:43:52,028
nothing more can be an
obstacle to Putin's plans.
780
00:43:52,297 --> 00:43:55,765
And yet, according to the
Budapest accords of 1994,
781
00:43:55,900 --> 00:43:57,599
the Russian intrusion
is considered
782
00:43:57,735 --> 00:43:59,368
as illegal by the west.
783
00:43:59,804 --> 00:44:02,604
The Crimean parliament invokes
the people's right to
784
00:44:02,740 --> 00:44:06,041
dispose of their own future
and votes for independence.
785
00:44:06,611 --> 00:44:09,111
A referendum is
immediately organised.
786
00:44:09,680 --> 00:44:11,179
The Crimeans that do vote,
787
00:44:11,315 --> 00:44:14,917
vote 96 per cent in favour of
an annexation with Russia.
788
00:44:15,286 --> 00:44:17,152
Crimea is highly strategic.
789
00:44:17,721 --> 00:44:19,822
Possessing it means,
amongst other things,
790
00:44:19,957 --> 00:44:23,025
controlling the oil pipelines
that cross the Black sea.
791
00:44:24,162 --> 00:44:28,297
In less than a month, Ukraine
has definitively lost Crimea.
792
00:44:29,367 --> 00:44:31,434
For a large number of
the Russian people
793
00:44:31,569 --> 00:44:33,669
the annexation is
reuniting with a land
794
00:44:33,804 --> 00:44:37,040
that is historically and
sentimentally Russian.
795
00:44:40,020 --> 00:44:42,900
I've a tendency to
believe that everything
796
00:44:42,940 --> 00:44:45,340
this government is doing is
incompetent somehow
797
00:44:46,180 --> 00:44:48,180
However, my first
emotional reaction
798
00:44:48,220 --> 00:44:50,620
when we retrieved Crimea
799
00:44:52,700 --> 00:44:54,420
was one of patriotic relief and the
800
00:44:54,460 --> 00:44:56,740
sentiment that it was so fulfilling,
801
00:44:56,780 --> 00:45:00,340
because Crimea re-became
integral part of Russia.
802
00:45:00,940 --> 00:45:04,540
The re-joining with Russia of
its Crimean territory was presented
803
00:45:04,580 --> 00:45:08,860
as an action in defence of this Russian
population, who are the Crimeans,
804
00:45:08,900 --> 00:45:13,660
portraying an image of
a paternalistic state
805
00:45:13,700 --> 00:45:15,940
safeguarding its people.
806
00:45:17,700 --> 00:45:19,940
Among us are
representatives of the
807
00:45:19,980 --> 00:45:22,300
Republic of Crimea
and Sevastopol,
808
00:45:23,180 --> 00:45:24,460
citizens of Russia,
809
00:45:25,300 --> 00:45:27,620
residents of Crimea
and Sevastopol!
810
00:45:31,180 --> 00:45:33,220
It was presented
and experienced as
811
00:45:33,260 --> 00:45:35,340
a retrieval of an
historic justice.
812
00:45:35,620 --> 00:45:37,780
The anti-Putin ranks
actually emptied
813
00:45:37,820 --> 00:45:39,460
with the annexation of Crimea.
814
00:45:39,900 --> 00:45:43,260
All this led to a huge wave of
support among Russian people,
815
00:45:43,780 --> 00:45:46,460
who instantly forgot
the malfunctioning
816
00:45:46,500 --> 00:45:51,260
governance of Putin
and the Kremlin.
817
00:45:51,900 --> 00:45:54,220
Crimea is one of
numerous examples
818
00:45:54,300 --> 00:45:56,900
of the victory of
the Russian army.
819
00:45:57,140 --> 00:46:01,020
We had all grown up with
classics of Russian literature,
820
00:46:01,700 --> 00:46:03,100
Dacha of Sevastopol,
821
00:46:03,180 --> 00:46:05,820
the heroic death of
Makarov the academician.
822
00:46:05,900 --> 00:46:11,300
All this concerns Crimea and
is part of our education.
823
00:46:11,620 --> 00:46:17,180
Crimea was won by Russia, repelling the
Ottoman Turks at a high cost in Russian lives.
824
00:46:17,708 --> 00:46:20,442
At the UN Security
Council, a resolution
825
00:46:20,578 --> 00:46:23,379
proposing to condemn Russian
policies in Crimea...
826
00:46:23,860 --> 00:46:26,620
...a negative veto vote of the
permanent members...
827
00:46:27,051 --> 00:46:28,684
changes nothing.
828
00:46:28,819 --> 00:46:32,688
Russia uses its veto, and
China cautiously abstains.
829
00:46:36,900 --> 00:46:42,100
After a long and bitter journey,
830
00:46:42,860 --> 00:46:44,620
Crimea and Sevastopol
831
00:46:45,260 --> 00:46:48,140
have returned safely
to their motherland,
832
00:46:52,580 --> 00:46:56,380
and to their home port,
833
00:46:56,540 --> 00:46:57,780
Russia!
834
00:47:02,220 --> 00:47:07,500
♫ Russia is our sacred state, ♫
835
00:47:07,940 --> 00:47:13,620
♫ Russia, our beloved country ♫
836
00:47:14,100 --> 00:47:20,980
♫ A mighty will, a great glory, ♫
837
00:47:21,460 --> 00:47:27,700
♫ Yours forever for all time, ♫
838
00:47:28,740 --> 00:47:34,060
♫ Be glorious, our free
Motherland... ♫
839
00:47:35,980 --> 00:47:39,580
I like that he promotes powerful
things like peace, love,
840
00:47:40,220 --> 00:47:44,700
traditional Russian art,
traditional Russian values.
841
00:47:44,940 --> 00:47:49,860
Even more important here is
that the babushka is valued,
842
00:47:49,900 --> 00:47:53,580
her house is warm, the wood
is cut, the sky is clear.
843
00:47:53,940 --> 00:47:55,620
In short, all is well!
844
00:47:56,540 --> 00:47:59,820
What I like about President Putin is
the protective instinct, the power
845
00:48:01,340 --> 00:48:04,220
and force emanating from his core.
846
00:48:04,500 --> 00:48:05,980
In general, to me,
847
00:48:06,340 --> 00:48:10,260
in his policies, his body,
848
00:48:10,340 --> 00:48:15,580
his whole image
represents strength.
849
00:48:21,500 --> 00:48:23,780
It is true that
Vladimir Putin is
850
00:48:23,820 --> 00:48:26,140
very popular in
Russia and abroad.
851
00:48:27,260 --> 00:48:30,860
The majority of Russians have a
really positive opinion of him.
852
00:48:32,540 --> 00:48:35,740
This mythology has finally
turned against us,
853
00:48:35,780 --> 00:48:38,540
I am afraid that Putin began
to believe in his own myth.
854
00:48:38,580 --> 00:48:40,540
So many newspapers
claim he is the
855
00:48:40,620 --> 00:48:42,940
most influential man
in the world...
856
00:48:43,020 --> 00:48:46,100
the most this and
the most that...
857
00:48:46,260 --> 00:48:49,420
So now he believes it!
858
00:48:49,940 --> 00:48:52,140
The man in the street
believes everything
859
00:48:52,180 --> 00:48:53,940
the state television tells him,
860
00:48:53,980 --> 00:48:55,340
He loves anyone who has
861
00:48:55,380 --> 00:48:57,380
"President of the
Russian federation"
862
00:48:57,420 --> 00:48:58,980
written on his business card,
863
00:48:59,020 --> 00:49:01,100
or "Emperor of the
Russian Federation".
864
00:49:02,060 --> 00:49:06,340
He's a man who respects his own power
and rejects weakness.
865
00:49:07,540 --> 00:49:09,940
We are victorious people!
866
00:49:10,260 --> 00:49:13,300
It is in our genes,
our genetic code!
867
00:49:13,620 --> 00:49:16,260
It is passed down from
generation to generation.
868
00:49:16,380 --> 00:49:17,740
We will win this time too.
869
00:49:17,900 --> 00:49:20,020
I ask you: are we going to win?
870
00:49:26,397 --> 00:49:29,932
In June 2015, Putin's
popularity rating
871
00:49:30,067 --> 00:49:31,800
verges on 90 per cent.
872
00:49:32,470 --> 00:49:34,269
There is an adhesion
amongst even the
873
00:49:34,405 --> 00:49:36,271
most fervent members
of the opposition
874
00:49:36,407 --> 00:49:38,340
but Nationalism wins the day.
875
00:49:38,910 --> 00:49:40,843
Eduard Limonov is one of them,
876
00:49:40,978 --> 00:49:42,845
but also Sergei Udaltsov,
877
00:49:42,980 --> 00:49:47,015
a hero of the important anti
Putin demonstrations in 2011,
878
00:49:47,150 --> 00:49:49,851
for which he paid 4 and
a half years in prison.
879
00:49:50,087 --> 00:49:51,854
Like many Russians
they too salute
880
00:49:51,989 --> 00:49:54,322
the result of the
referendum in Crimea.
881
00:49:54,958 --> 00:49:58,427
It is the start of a Putin-mania
which is still vibrant today.
882
00:49:58,860 --> 00:50:02,820
A man like Putin, who
isn't unkind to me
883
00:50:08,340 --> 00:50:10,820
A man like Putin, who
won't run away!
884
00:50:11,020 --> 00:50:13,460
A man like Putin,
full of strength!
885
00:50:13,820 --> 00:50:16,340
A man like Putin, who
doesn't drink,
886
00:50:16,780 --> 00:50:19,380
I want a man like Putin,
who would never run away.
887
00:50:19,780 --> 00:50:22,140
A man like Putin,
who wouldn't hurt me,
888
00:50:22,780 --> 00:50:25,500
A man like Putin, who doesnt
run from a fight
889
00:50:31,260 --> 00:50:33,900
'Putin Victor', 'Putin Victorious',
890
00:50:34,100 --> 00:50:36,220
His power has matured.
891
00:50:36,420 --> 00:50:38,700
This means that, today,
892
00:50:38,740 --> 00:50:40,540
everything he touches
turns to gold,
893
00:50:40,580 --> 00:50:43,060
with such popularity, with
a population so united,
894
00:50:43,100 --> 00:50:44,000
he can do whatever he wants.
895
00:50:44,208 --> 00:50:46,108
After his power grab in Crimea
896
00:50:46,243 --> 00:50:48,444
Putin has managed to pull
the country together
897
00:50:48,579 --> 00:50:50,612
but he has also disrupted
the power balance
898
00:50:50,747 --> 00:50:52,081
between Russia and the West.
899
00:50:52,216 --> 00:50:54,249
The United States
reacts in consequence.
900
00:50:54,451 --> 00:50:56,485
Today is a reminder
that the United States
901
00:50:56,620 --> 00:50:57,920
means what it says
902
00:50:58,589 --> 00:51:00,755
and we will rally the
international community
903
00:51:00,891 --> 00:51:02,291
in standing up
904
00:51:02,427 --> 00:51:05,261
for the rights and freedom
of people around the world.
905
00:51:05,996 --> 00:51:07,263
Today,
906
00:51:07,565 --> 00:51:10,132
and building on the measures
we announced two weeks ago,
907
00:51:10,267 --> 00:51:12,334
the United States is
imposing new sanctions
908
00:51:12,470 --> 00:51:14,503
in key sectors of the
Russian economy.
909
00:51:14,772 --> 00:51:16,404
The rouble plummets.
910
00:51:16,540 --> 00:51:18,474
The GDP drops by 6 cent.
911
00:51:19,076 --> 00:51:21,377
Numerous sanctions hit
the country hard.
912
00:51:21,512 --> 00:51:23,278
They mainly affect
the middle classes
913
00:51:23,414 --> 00:51:24,780
and the rural community.
914
00:51:24,949 --> 00:51:28,016
But natural resources and
in particular, oil and gas,
915
00:51:28,151 --> 00:51:30,820
are strangely not concerned
by the sanctions.
916
00:51:31,155 --> 00:51:33,121
A sign of the
generalised hypocrisy
917
00:51:33,257 --> 00:51:35,791
in both Russian and
Western policies.
918
00:51:37,294 --> 00:51:40,596
The issue is that Russia is the
biggest supplier of Europe
919
00:51:40,731 --> 00:51:44,232
and there is no other country
or group of countries
920
00:51:44,401 --> 00:51:49,371
that can replace the volume of
Russia's exports to Europe.
921
00:51:49,840 --> 00:51:54,843
So in other words, Europe
will always depend on Russia
922
00:51:54,978 --> 00:51:57,479
and Russia will be...
will remain the biggest
923
00:51:57,615 --> 00:51:59,348
supplier of gas to Europe.
924
00:52:05,322 --> 00:52:08,991
No-one can support an all
out, economic confrontation.
925
00:52:09,693 --> 00:52:12,027
Weakened, but supported
by his electorate,
926
00:52:12,162 --> 00:52:15,497
Putin acts as if he is
unperturbed by the sanctions,
927
00:52:15,633 --> 00:52:17,665
as for example when
France refuses to
928
00:52:17,801 --> 00:52:19,635
deliver the two
Mistral war ships,
929
00:52:19,770 --> 00:52:22,505
that Russia had already
partly paid for.
930
00:52:23,820 --> 00:52:31,340
Quite frankly, it has no effect
on our position of defence.
931
00:52:32,780 --> 00:52:37,220
We have mainly made contracts
to support our associates
932
00:52:40,980 --> 00:52:48,580
and provide work for
their shipyards.
933
00:52:49,620 --> 00:52:53,580
We will not impose penalties
934
00:52:56,340 --> 00:53:00,580
or excessive fines.
935
00:53:01,540 --> 00:53:06,780
We simply want our
costs to be covered.
936
00:53:07,860 --> 00:53:10,580
Foreigners will never
understand Russia.
937
00:53:10,980 --> 00:53:14,060
We want to thank you
for your sanctions.
938
00:53:14,380 --> 00:53:17,780
We will increase production as
instructed by our president.
939
00:53:18,020 --> 00:53:21,300
We are pro-active against such sabotage.
940
00:53:21,940 --> 00:53:23,420
We say to you amiably:
941
00:53:23,500 --> 00:53:25,100
we need nothing more from you
as we do for our own
942
00:53:25,140 --> 00:53:27,740
McDonald's quality food is not
to the taste standards of Russians.
943
00:53:28,260 --> 00:53:31,780
You have worn yourselves out
imposing your sanctions.
944
00:53:32,420 --> 00:53:35,020
We will impose a total
embargo on you!
945
00:53:35,279 --> 00:53:36,745
With pride rediscovered,
946
00:53:36,881 --> 00:53:39,548
the Russian people remain
united behind their leader.
947
00:53:41,540 --> 00:53:44,380
The US and NATO now understand
948
00:53:45,100 --> 00:53:48,020
that we have no need
for other nations,
949
00:53:49,180 --> 00:53:52,420
We don't steal
from anybody,
950
00:53:53,060 --> 00:53:55,700
but we shall retake all land which
is ultimately "our own".
951
00:54:00,604 --> 00:54:02,838
Despite the massive
support of the population,
952
00:54:02,973 --> 00:54:06,108
Putin continues his repressive
policies towards the opposition
953
00:54:06,244 --> 00:54:08,110
and groups whose
values he considers
954
00:54:08,245 --> 00:54:10,345
incompatible with his policies.
955
00:54:14,260 --> 00:54:17,900
Putin's policy is very
harsh domestically
956
00:54:17,940 --> 00:54:20,860
with regards to any
opposition or uprising.
957
00:54:20,940 --> 00:54:23,020
This might seem
surprising because he is
958
00:54:23,060 --> 00:54:26,700
very powerful and
overwhelmingly popular
959
00:54:27,020 --> 00:54:28,340
Why does he do this?
960
00:54:28,500 --> 00:54:32,820
I think it's due to a
profound fear of disorder.
961
00:54:34,140 --> 00:54:37,020
Putin has the impression that
he's sitting on a volcano,
962
00:54:37,060 --> 00:54:39,300
He feels it because
he knows that
963
00:54:39,340 --> 00:54:41,620
he is witnessing a
changing society,
964
00:54:41,980 --> 00:54:45,500
a changing world, in which
he is trying to adapt,
965
00:54:45,540 --> 00:54:47,340
and he is succeeding
with regards to
966
00:54:47,380 --> 00:54:48,540
international politics.
967
00:54:48,580 --> 00:54:51,820
But how does one govern a society in the
egalitarian minded 21st century?
968
00:54:52,140 --> 00:54:54,020
Not by using old regime methods.
969
00:54:55,700 --> 00:54:58,020
In this respect he still is a man with
knowledge of historical values,
970
00:54:58,140 --> 00:55:01,340
so he responds accordingly - everyone
does - with their own history in mind.
971
00:55:01,380 --> 00:55:03,300
He reacts with his experiential
endowment:
972
00:55:03,340 --> 00:55:05,420
including unquestionably authoritarian
seeming tactics
973
00:55:05,460 --> 00:55:07,820
the Soviet era was previously
certainly no stranger to employing
974
00:55:08,100 --> 00:55:10,980
In Russia, the notion of force and
power,
975
00:55:11,380 --> 00:55:15,420
of power and even absolute power
976
00:55:15,500 --> 00:55:17,260
are not unthinkable as required.
977
00:55:19,660 --> 00:55:21,980
For those who exalt Putin,
978
00:55:22,260 --> 00:55:27,940
they think that power even in civil society means
at times some measure of autocracy too.
979
00:55:28,540 --> 00:55:31,420
One man who decides everything,
and takes action...
980
00:55:31,740 --> 00:55:34,500
We can refer to the presence
of of political opponents
981
00:55:34,540 --> 00:55:41,140
but it's impossible to speak of
organised opposition forces,
982
00:55:41,420 --> 00:55:43,460
they don't exist.
983
00:55:44,940 --> 00:55:51,060
The aim of the
Kremlin's policies is
984
00:55:52,020 --> 00:55:57,460
to nip in the bud any indication or form of
particular kinds of political opposition.
985
00:55:58,255 --> 00:56:01,022
During the night of
27th February 2015,
986
00:56:01,391 --> 00:56:03,825
Boris Nemtsov, one of the
most staunch members
987
00:56:03,961 --> 00:56:05,660
of the opposition, is killed,
988
00:56:05,795 --> 00:56:08,163
only a few yards
from the Kremlin.
989
00:56:08,332 --> 00:56:10,331
The regime's violence
is so fierce
990
00:56:10,467 --> 00:56:12,801
that the opposition
has no hesitation
991
00:56:12,936 --> 00:56:15,070
in accusing Vladimir Putin.
992
00:56:19,060 --> 00:56:21,460
Boris Nemtsov dedicated
his life to that.
993
00:56:21,500 --> 00:56:23,780
He unmasked criminals,
994
00:56:23,820 --> 00:56:27,260
it is said that this is why "they" hated
him and gave the order to kill him.
995
00:56:27,620 --> 00:56:29,420
We are continuing the fight,
996
00:56:31,060 --> 00:56:34,380
our fight for Russia to become an
even more democratic seeming State,
997
00:56:34,420 --> 00:56:36,900
in which all people will have the
same rights and
998
00:56:36,940 --> 00:56:39,180
political freedom of a more liberal minded
egalitarian quality.
999
00:56:41,331 --> 00:56:43,431
But a video filmed
in a hotel room,
1000
00:56:43,567 --> 00:56:46,968
equipped with the usual FSB
secret service technology,
1001
00:56:47,137 --> 00:56:48,970
is broadcast on television.
1002
00:56:49,339 --> 00:56:52,107
The very same Mikhail
Kasyanov is filmed
1003
00:56:52,242 --> 00:56:55,677
in close detail with his
mistress and personal assistant.
1004
00:56:56,113 --> 00:56:58,346
Apart from the sexual
details of the video,
1005
00:56:58,482 --> 00:57:01,416
Kasyanov speaks of the other
leaders of his opposition group
1006
00:57:01,552 --> 00:57:03,551
in extremely insulting terms.
1007
00:57:04,087 --> 00:57:06,188
The video undermines
his credibility
1008
00:57:06,323 --> 00:57:08,757
and shatters his fragile
contestation of Putin.
1009
00:57:10,140 --> 00:57:14,580
Today, only 5 to 7 per
cent of the Russian people
1010
00:57:14,900 --> 00:57:19,660
consider themselves anti-Putin.
1011
00:57:20,540 --> 00:57:26,940
The majority of the Russian
population do not believe
1012
00:57:27,460 --> 00:57:35,180
that freedom of speech is an
indicator of development.
1013
00:57:38,660 --> 00:57:40,940
It's not that they don't want it.
1014
00:57:40,980 --> 00:57:43,780
It's just that they don't consider they
are missing out under Putin
1015
00:57:43,820 --> 00:57:44,820
That's all.
1016
00:57:48,532 --> 00:57:50,532
Liberal individualism,
such as that
1017
00:57:50,668 --> 00:57:52,901
experienced at the
fall of the USSR,
1018
00:57:53,036 --> 00:57:57,172
was for the Russians synonymous
with division and even chaos.
1019
00:57:57,608 --> 00:57:59,341
The present cohesion
of the nation
1020
00:57:59,476 --> 00:58:01,409
evokes harmony and security.
1021
00:58:02,312 --> 00:58:05,380
Putin offers the Russians
an all powerful chief
1022
00:58:05,515 --> 00:58:08,917
and unconditional values
to devote themselves to.
1023
00:58:09,619 --> 00:58:13,789
After strength, religion is
the system's second linchpin.
1024
00:58:15,420 --> 00:58:19,100
In the Soviet system, we were
educated by the Communist Party
1025
00:58:19,500 --> 00:58:22,020
which offered us a
ready made morality,
1026
00:58:22,140 --> 00:58:24,260
we knew what was
good, what was bad
1027
00:58:24,300 --> 00:58:27,660
and people's lives were
guided, which is reassuring.
1028
00:58:28,260 --> 00:58:30,380
Total freedom is very unsettling
1029
00:58:30,660 --> 00:58:33,140
and for Putin the prevailing Church,
1030
00:58:33,180 --> 00:58:36,180
which has been restored
in all its splendour
1031
00:58:36,700 --> 00:58:39,500
and with its traditional
authoritarianism,
1032
00:58:39,740 --> 00:58:42,700
has the merit of being
a reasonable guide for society.
1033
00:58:50,420 --> 00:58:53,260
For Russian people,
denying the orthodox
1034
00:58:53,300 --> 00:58:56,780
religion would mean denying
too much embedded history,
1035
00:58:57,180 --> 00:58:59,700
its own seeming related traditions
1036
00:59:01,620 --> 00:59:06,300
but in fact, if the Soviet
Union ended in disaster,
1037
00:59:06,940 --> 00:59:12,980
it's also because it rejected
this specific religious ideology.
1038
00:59:14,020 --> 00:59:16,940
In order to gain support
among the people,
1039
00:59:17,100 --> 00:59:18,780
it seems needed to profess
religious orthodoxy
1040
00:59:18,940 --> 00:59:21,180
because Russian cultural relics
are inclusive of orthodox
1041
00:59:21,220 --> 00:59:24,860
and orthodoxy has been at the roots
of Russian state religious practice.
1042
00:59:25,020 --> 00:59:28,740
Without orthodoxy, the tzar
would simply be impossible,
1043
00:59:28,780 --> 00:59:31,460
he would just be destroyed!
1044
00:59:35,620 --> 00:59:38,820
In the space of one generation,
an atheist country has,
1045
00:59:38,860 --> 00:59:43,460
without difficulty, become
a religious country.
1046
00:59:51,180 --> 00:59:52,900
This is part of
the vast ensemble
1047
00:59:52,980 --> 00:59:54,940
that might be called
power in Russia.
1048
00:59:55,020 --> 00:59:57,700
It has become
increasingly present in
1049
00:59:57,940 --> 01:00:00,660
the public sectors
and public debates.
1050
01:00:02,540 --> 01:00:05,860
Vladimir Putin focused on
the church to represent
1051
01:00:06,020 --> 01:00:09,420
a moral authority that
would guide Russia
1052
01:00:09,460 --> 01:00:12,700
along a path of collective
adherence to values
1053
01:00:12,740 --> 01:00:15,100
which would be those of
the state and society.
1054
01:00:15,300 --> 01:00:19,180
Today, many countries are
reviewing their moral standards,
1055
01:00:19,300 --> 01:00:21,300
seeking to abolish their historical
seeming norms and traditions
1056
01:00:21,340 --> 01:00:23,780
and the differences between nations and
cultures. ("Cancel culture" etc.)
1057
01:00:23,900 --> 01:00:25,980
And we are aware that
throughout the world
1058
01:00:26,020 --> 01:00:28,540
an increasing number of
people support our approach
1059
01:00:28,580 --> 01:00:30,660
which aims to protect Russia's
traditional values.
1060
01:00:31,500 --> 01:00:34,180
Of course, it involves a
conservative approach.
1061
01:00:34,300 --> 01:00:36,260
The intent is to avoid the recurrence
1062
01:00:36,300 --> 01:00:38,180
of chaos and of a primitive state.
1063
01:00:41,300 --> 01:00:43,540
I would say that it's really the
1064
01:00:43,580 --> 01:00:45,780
centre of an ideological conflict,
1065
01:00:45,820 --> 01:00:47,900
in inverted commas,
between a kind of
1066
01:00:47,940 --> 01:00:51,260
Russian conservatism and
a Western liberalism
1067
01:00:51,620 --> 01:00:57,580
where we Westerners have a
tendency to view Putinism
1068
01:00:58,780 --> 01:01:00,820
as something rather
out of fashion,
1069
01:01:00,860 --> 01:01:02,660
outdated, and conservative,
1070
01:01:02,820 --> 01:01:05,740
and that Putinism upholds
conservatism and says:
1071
01:01:05,780 --> 01:01:08,060
"It's you, the Western leaders
1072
01:01:08,260 --> 01:01:12,940
who are out of touch with Human reality
1073
01:01:13,140 --> 01:01:14,600
and with your own best people."
1074
01:01:14,738 --> 01:01:16,838
In his ideological
counter-attack,
1075
01:01:16,973 --> 01:01:18,773
Putin supports parties
that denounce
1076
01:01:18,908 --> 01:01:22,243
the supranatural aspects
of the European Union.
1077
01:01:23,013 --> 01:01:24,779
They share a very
conservative vision
1078
01:01:24,915 --> 01:01:26,681
on standards of behaviour,
1079
01:01:26,850 --> 01:01:29,083
in particular concerning
homosexuality,
1080
01:01:29,219 --> 01:01:30,819
the family and religion.
1081
01:01:32,289 --> 01:01:35,357
Like Putin, they loudly
denounce western universalism,
1082
01:01:35,526 --> 01:01:37,258
which can only lead
to the crumbling
1083
01:01:37,394 --> 01:01:39,594
of the social fabric
and decadence.
1084
01:01:42,031 --> 01:01:44,332
If Putin supports the
nationalist parties,
1085
01:01:44,467 --> 01:01:47,903
paradoxically, he also supports
the leaders of a radical left,
1086
01:01:48,238 --> 01:01:51,039
where his anti-liberal
views find an echo.
1087
01:01:51,308 --> 01:01:54,475
His shadow hangs over
the whole Greek crisis.
1088
01:01:55,011 --> 01:01:56,711
Putin is a seducer,
1089
01:01:57,547 --> 01:02:01,283
for some he has become,
"Putin, the bearer of hope".
1090
01:02:03,420 --> 01:02:07,020
As these parties
gain popularity,
1091
01:02:07,660 --> 01:02:10,900
in both France and other
European countries,
1092
01:02:11,460 --> 01:02:16,900
it is beneficial for
Putin's strategy,
1093
01:02:16,980 --> 01:02:19,060
a strategy which
consists of dividing
1094
01:02:19,100 --> 01:02:22,020
Europe by all possible means,
1095
01:02:23,340 --> 01:02:27,300
The aim is to distance
Europe from the US.
1096
01:02:27,780 --> 01:02:30,820
and exploit the divergences
between European countries.
1097
01:02:31,100 --> 01:02:33,260
The weaker a European
government is,
1098
01:02:33,300 --> 01:02:35,500
the better it will be for Putin.
1099
01:02:38,855 --> 01:02:41,923
At a time when party leaders who
support the same values as him
1100
01:02:42,059 --> 01:02:44,392
cut themselves off
in their xenophobia,
1101
01:02:44,527 --> 01:02:46,261
Putin claims he
will free the world
1102
01:02:46,396 --> 01:02:47,962
from the shock of civilisations
1103
01:02:48,097 --> 01:02:50,364
and protect it from
new wars of religion.
1104
01:02:50,633 --> 01:02:54,202
After being the grave digger
of post totalitarian utopias,
1105
01:02:54,337 --> 01:02:58,039
he is now attired as the Grand
organiser of world peace.
1106
01:03:14,657 --> 01:03:17,425
A turn around which may
appear astonishing for Putin
1107
01:03:17,561 --> 01:03:21,029
who presented himself as
pro-European and even pro-NATO
1108
01:03:21,164 --> 01:03:23,064
when he first came to power.
1109
01:03:24,100 --> 01:03:26,220
Putin considered it necessary to
1110
01:03:26,260 --> 01:03:28,940
reassess the organisation
of the world
1111
01:03:29,060 --> 01:03:30,900
and this conviction
emerged when he
1112
01:03:30,940 --> 01:03:33,180
became aware that
geopolitics has changed,
1113
01:03:33,300 --> 01:03:35,780
that global equilibriums
are no longer the same,
1114
01:03:35,860 --> 01:03:38,220
that Europe is no longer
decisive in the world,
1115
01:03:38,300 --> 01:03:39,340
that's finished.
1116
01:03:39,500 --> 01:03:42,220
That economically seeming, inertia
seems inexorably heading towards Asia,
1117
01:03:42,660 --> 01:03:44,020
due to the assimilated power of China,
1118
01:03:44,060 --> 01:03:45,860
over too the expansion of the Muslim
world,
1119
01:03:46,020 --> 01:03:49,140
and this is where Putin
moved from a potential,
1120
01:03:49,180 --> 01:03:52,900
pragmatic threat, to a
political redefinition.
1121
01:03:53,597 --> 01:03:55,497
Within Russia there exists
1122
01:03:55,632 --> 01:03:57,232
a mosaic of peoples and cultures
1123
01:03:57,367 --> 01:03:58,899
that makes it a
model of cohesion
1124
01:03:59,035 --> 01:04:00,669
for bordering countries.
1125
01:04:00,938 --> 01:04:02,870
At the present time,
Europe is obsessed
1126
01:04:03,006 --> 01:04:05,072
with the question of identity.
1127
01:04:05,208 --> 01:04:07,508
Putin proposes an
alternative based
1128
01:04:07,643 --> 01:04:09,878
on tolerance and
multiculturalism,
1129
01:04:10,280 --> 01:04:13,048
where Islam holds its
own specific place.
1130
01:04:15,140 --> 01:04:18,060
When you notice how polite to the
orthodox religious movement Putin is,
1131
01:04:18,620 --> 01:04:22,260
it's astonishing to
see him fraternising
1132
01:04:22,300 --> 01:04:24,300
in such a way with
other religions.
1133
01:04:24,340 --> 01:04:25,540
That's what's important.
1134
01:04:25,620 --> 01:04:28,380
It's impossible to understand
if you forget that Russia
1135
01:04:28,460 --> 01:04:31,260
is also a multi-religious sect country.
1136
01:04:32,260 --> 01:04:35,540
The construction of even the
first mosque in Moscow
1137
01:04:35,740 --> 01:04:38,820
displays a tolerance
to show that Islam
1138
01:04:38,860 --> 01:04:40,620
was one of Soviet era significant
religious influence in some parts.
1139
01:04:40,777 --> 01:04:43,278
On this
basis, Putin considers
1140
01:04:43,413 --> 01:04:45,613
that Russia has a
historic mission to fulfil
1141
01:04:45,749 --> 01:04:49,384
as mediator between the
Western and the Muslim worlds.
1142
01:04:51,620 --> 01:04:53,980
Russia too has always been a multi-ethnic
1143
01:04:54,020 --> 01:04:55,820
and even somewhat multi-religious country.
1144
01:04:55,940 --> 01:04:57,500
We created it like this.
1145
01:04:58,100 --> 01:05:02,180
The mutual cultural, traditional
and religious enrichment
1146
01:05:02,420 --> 01:05:09,460
is the strength and originality
of our common country, Russia.
1147
01:05:11,274 --> 01:05:14,141
By promoting the idea of
a multicultural world,
1148
01:05:14,277 --> 01:05:16,978
Putin's aim is to fight
radical Islamism,
1149
01:05:17,113 --> 01:05:19,413
which he considers a
threat for his own country
1150
01:05:19,549 --> 01:05:21,249
and for the rest of the world.
1151
01:05:21,918 --> 01:05:23,618
He hasn't forgotten
how the Soviets
1152
01:05:23,753 --> 01:05:25,353
were routed out of Afghanistan,
1153
01:05:25,489 --> 01:05:27,054
when the prestigious
Red Army was
1154
01:05:27,190 --> 01:05:29,324
beaten to the ground
by the Mujahideen.
1155
01:05:29,593 --> 01:05:32,693
Or again in Chechnya,
after the war against Putin,
1156
01:05:32,829 --> 01:05:35,363
the Wahhabites, backed
by Saudi Arabia,
1157
01:05:35,498 --> 01:05:38,232
planned to found a
Caucasian emirate.
1158
01:05:38,635 --> 01:05:42,403
So Islam, yes, but
not just any Islam,
1159
01:05:42,872 --> 01:05:45,439
one that would accept to
exist with other religions
1160
01:05:45,575 --> 01:05:47,108
and submit to the state,
1161
01:05:47,410 --> 01:05:48,810
to a powerful state.
1162
01:05:52,282 --> 01:05:54,916
After Tunisia, Egypt
and and Libya,
1163
01:05:55,285 --> 01:05:59,020
Syria is shaken in its turn
by a wave of contestation.
1164
01:06:00,156 --> 01:06:03,123
The repression is
ferocious and immediate.
1165
01:06:03,693 --> 01:06:05,660
Bashar al-Assad is at the head
1166
01:06:05,795 --> 01:06:08,730
of a multi-confessional
but despotic state
1167
01:06:09,166 --> 01:06:11,866
and a key ally for
Putin in the region.
1168
01:06:17,020 --> 01:06:19,940
Russia is a highly
influential nation in Syria,
1169
01:06:20,100 --> 01:06:22,580
the alliance dates
back to the '70s
1170
01:06:23,300 --> 01:06:25,460
and is a military and
political alliance.
1171
01:06:25,540 --> 01:06:29,100
Cynically but incredulously though, somehow considered by
a few as an arms market for Russian weapons but most of all,
1172
01:06:29,140 --> 01:06:31,460
it's the only place outside Russia
1173
01:06:31,700 --> 01:06:33,500
where it has maintained its bases
out of need.
1174
01:06:33,540 --> 01:06:35,940
Particularly since it lies
on the Mediterranean,
1175
01:06:35,980 --> 01:06:38,260
which is fundamental
for the Russians.
1176
01:06:38,500 --> 01:06:40,940
But this view has
shifted because
1177
01:06:40,980 --> 01:06:43,700
it corresponds to a
period when Westerners
1178
01:06:43,740 --> 01:06:47,020
still impertinently regarded Russia as somehow
without real insignificance on stage.
1179
01:06:47,700 --> 01:06:50,220
"What we're about to do in
Syria won't please them,
1180
01:06:50,300 --> 01:06:51,620
but we don't give a damn."
1181
01:06:51,780 --> 01:06:56,580
For example, when we observe the
Middle East and North Africa,
1182
01:06:57,140 --> 01:06:59,660
we witness the
terrible consequences
1183
01:06:59,700 --> 01:07:03,140
of this forced standardization
1184
01:07:03,740 --> 01:07:04,940
It's unbelievable.
1185
01:07:06,020 --> 01:07:09,380
But unfortunately, it
wasn't really a lesson
1186
01:07:09,460 --> 01:07:12,620
to many Western politicians.
1187
01:07:12,660 --> 01:07:15,900
There are still a lot
of them promoting a
1188
01:07:15,980 --> 01:07:19,700
globalisation based
on a unique model.
1189
01:07:21,438 --> 01:07:25,039
It is in the Middle east, at the
heart of Islamic fundamentalism,
1190
01:07:25,175 --> 01:07:27,841
that Putin plans
to defend his model.
1191
01:07:28,411 --> 01:07:30,344
While the West defends
the Arab Spring
1192
01:07:30,480 --> 01:07:32,480
and the people's
dream for democracy,
1193
01:07:32,616 --> 01:07:35,716
the head of the Kremlin
defends authoritarian regimes
1194
01:07:35,851 --> 01:07:39,287
that he sees as bastions
against radical Islamism.
1195
01:07:40,980 --> 01:07:42,500
We need to distinguish the
1196
01:07:42,540 --> 01:07:44,540
philosophical idea
of universalism,
1197
01:07:44,980 --> 01:07:48,380
which is indisputable, and the
methods used to impose it.
1198
01:07:48,900 --> 01:07:53,780
When this situation occurred
during the Arab Spring,
1199
01:07:54,340 --> 01:07:57,380
many Westerners thought,
this is great,
1200
01:07:57,980 --> 01:08:00,380
it will finally show
that Arabs and Muslims
1201
01:08:00,420 --> 01:08:03,220
are able to develop their own theocracy
- yet seeming democracy of a sort,
1202
01:08:03,300 --> 01:08:04,980
so we must apparently support this
idea.
1203
01:08:05,060 --> 01:08:08,660
So in Syria, we will be on
the right side of history.
1204
01:08:09,060 --> 01:08:11,180
We will be on the side of good
1205
01:08:11,460 --> 01:08:15,660
and we must establish "democracy" (Islamic
theocracy in actuality) rapidly in Syria at all costs.
1206
01:08:16,180 --> 01:08:17,580
And there we see Westerners,
1207
01:08:17,620 --> 01:08:19,740
in particular Americans
and the French,
1208
01:08:19,780 --> 01:08:22,020
very supportive, desiring and
1209
01:08:22,060 --> 01:08:24,740
announcing the collapse
of the regime,
1210
01:08:25,340 --> 01:08:28,420
which was visibly a cruel
and repressive regime.
1211
01:08:28,700 --> 01:08:32,700
So it was announced, but it
didn't quite work that way.
1212
01:08:33,100 --> 01:08:35,860
Many Christians in Syria
thought, "Be careful,
1213
01:08:35,900 --> 01:08:38,540
it's a cruel regime but the
next one will be worse,
1214
01:08:39,020 --> 01:08:40,500
because it will be Islamists"
1215
01:08:40,540 --> 01:08:42,660
And the French and other
European countries
1216
01:08:42,700 --> 01:08:44,660
said "No they will be
Syrian democrats."
1217
01:08:44,700 --> 01:08:47,780
And others replied, "We would
like them to be Syrian democrats
1218
01:08:47,820 --> 01:08:50,060
but there's little chance
of them succeeding.
1219
01:08:50,300 --> 01:08:53,580
All of Saddam Hussein's
followers, his officers,
1220
01:08:53,980 --> 01:08:57,860
his bodyguards and even those
who gained from the system,
1221
01:08:58,140 --> 01:09:01,420
the soldiers or security guards,
1222
01:09:01,940 --> 01:09:03,700
were sent home.
1223
01:09:04,180 --> 01:09:07,820
Obviously, this was a
boon for radical groups,
1224
01:09:08,260 --> 01:09:11,700
who could try to integrate them.
1225
01:09:11,940 --> 01:09:16,140
They turned up with their
fighting expertise,
1226
01:09:16,300 --> 01:09:21,980
and created a powerful core
amidst these radical groups.
1227
01:09:22,580 --> 01:09:24,860
...the order of the
day has been adopted.
1228
01:09:24,994 --> 01:09:27,962
Putin can perhaps win the
diplomatic war in Syria
1229
01:09:28,098 --> 01:09:31,099
but using his veto at the UN
and blocking the situation
1230
01:09:31,234 --> 01:09:34,101
has enabled the rise in power
of Islamist extremists
1231
01:09:34,236 --> 01:09:37,404
brought to Syria to fight
the opposition to Assad.
1232
01:09:37,773 --> 01:09:40,641
The consequence is a
minority group of jihadists
1233
01:09:40,776 --> 01:09:43,911
who in less than a year have
become a powerful army,
1234
01:09:44,047 --> 01:09:46,948
capable of acting outside
their territory.
1235
01:09:49,852 --> 01:09:52,820
The West, led by the
United States and France,
1236
01:09:52,955 --> 01:09:55,456
is ready intervene to
help the rebellion
1237
01:09:55,592 --> 01:09:58,826
and destitute Assad In
the name of human rights.
1238
01:09:59,295 --> 01:10:01,262
Posing as the defender of peace,
1239
01:10:01,397 --> 01:10:04,966
Russia merely blocks all UN
resolutions in that direction.
1240
01:10:05,935 --> 01:10:08,836
For Putin and his allies,
Western interference
1241
01:10:08,972 --> 01:10:12,807
is directly responsible for
the chaos in Iraq and Libya.
1242
01:10:15,411 --> 01:10:16,744
- Those against?
1243
01:10:20,416 --> 01:10:22,517
- The United States is disgusted
1244
01:10:23,053 --> 01:10:25,386
that a couple members
of this council
1245
01:10:25,689 --> 01:10:27,188
continue to prevent us
1246
01:10:27,691 --> 01:10:30,425
from fulfilling our
sole purpose here,
1247
01:10:31,194 --> 01:10:34,229
addressing an ever
deepening crisis in Syria
1248
01:10:35,098 --> 01:10:36,531
and a growing threat
1249
01:10:36,833 --> 01:10:39,267
to regional peace and security.
1250
01:10:40,940 --> 01:10:42,860
In the same way as the Russians,
1251
01:10:43,580 --> 01:10:46,260
we found ourselves faced
with structural antagonism.
1252
01:10:46,340 --> 01:10:49,340
The US didn't want China
to become a force
1253
01:10:49,420 --> 01:10:52,460
capable of challenging
their global hegemony.
1254
01:10:52,940 --> 01:10:55,540
So the US deployed
various measures of
1255
01:10:55,580 --> 01:10:57,980
coercion and
containment upon China.
1256
01:11:00,657 --> 01:11:02,623
Russia is unfairly excluded from the G8
1257
01:11:02,758 --> 01:11:04,925
after the rejoining with Crimea.
1258
01:11:05,127 --> 01:11:07,995
One year later, Vladimir
Putin gets his revenge
1259
01:11:08,131 --> 01:11:11,866
when he reunites 15 heads of
state during a double summit
1260
01:11:12,001 --> 01:11:15,202
of the BRICS and the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation.
1261
01:11:15,571 --> 01:11:17,905
European and American
authorities have
1262
01:11:18,040 --> 01:11:20,174
repeatedly announced
that Vladimir Putin
1263
01:11:20,309 --> 01:11:22,043
was politically isolated,
1264
01:11:22,612 --> 01:11:25,780
but it would seem they have
failed to reach their goal.
1265
01:11:29,100 --> 01:11:32,260
1,300 dead and hundreds of
wounded is be the latest figure
1266
01:11:32,300 --> 01:11:33,900
of the chemical weapon attack
1267
01:11:33,940 --> 01:11:36,460
led by the Syrian regime
in an area of Damascus.
1268
01:11:36,700 --> 01:11:40,540
Children are crying, holding
rags over their mouths and noses
1269
01:11:41,060 --> 01:11:43,000
Behind me, somebody is
yelling: "God is great!"
1270
01:11:43,299 --> 01:11:45,432
That we are ready to
move forward together...
1271
01:11:45,568 --> 01:11:47,601
From the outset
of the conflict,
1272
01:11:47,737 --> 01:11:50,904
the Obama administration warned
that the use of chemical weapons
1273
01:11:51,040 --> 01:11:52,840
was a limit not to be crossed;
1274
01:11:52,975 --> 01:11:55,376
and that a chemical attack
by the Syrian government
1275
01:11:55,512 --> 01:11:58,279
would result in an immediate
riposte from the Pentagon.
1276
01:11:59,548 --> 01:12:02,783
Putin obtains the Syrian
disarmament of this arsenal,
1277
01:12:03,052 --> 01:12:04,985
his first diplomatic victory.
1278
01:12:05,354 --> 01:12:09,123
He is now a credible partner,
if not yet on equal grounds.
1279
01:12:09,993 --> 01:12:12,427
Moscow has obtained a
victory on the ground,
1280
01:12:12,562 --> 01:12:14,962
but the regular Syrian
army is retreating
1281
01:12:15,098 --> 01:12:18,099
despite the Russian military
experts at their side.
1282
01:12:18,401 --> 01:12:21,469
Armed factions and
combatants are multiplying.
1283
01:12:21,604 --> 01:12:23,237
and ISIS and Al Nusra are
1284
01:12:23,372 --> 01:12:25,505
rapidly amplifying their numbers
1285
01:12:25,641 --> 01:12:29,043
to the detriment of the
democratic opposition to Assad.
1286
01:12:32,460 --> 01:12:34,460
...one of the key organisations.
1287
01:12:34,580 --> 01:12:36,540
The Americans have
armed a significant
1288
01:12:36,580 --> 01:12:39,500
faction of the opposition.
1289
01:12:39,740 --> 01:12:41,660
Is there a specialist
in Arabic to help
1290
01:12:41,700 --> 01:12:43,620
me with the pronunciation
of the name?
1291
01:12:43,660 --> 01:12:44,820
The Al Nusra Front?
1292
01:12:45,100 --> 01:12:46,500
- That's it, Al Nusra
1293
01:12:47,420 --> 01:12:50,900
This is one of the major Syrian
opposition organisations.
1294
01:12:51,420 --> 01:12:53,540
The US State Department
has confirmed that
1295
01:12:53,580 --> 01:12:56,100
it is a terrorist organisation
linked to Al-Qaeda.
1296
01:12:56,140 --> 01:12:58,100
And the Al Nusra Front
does not deny it.
1297
01:13:01,060 --> 01:13:03,660
Do they want it to merge
with the future government?
1298
01:13:03,700 --> 01:13:04,700
Of course not.
1299
01:13:04,740 --> 01:13:07,460
So are you going to ward
them off like flies?
1300
01:13:07,580 --> 01:13:08,580
No.
1301
01:13:09,619 --> 01:13:11,619
In view of attitude
of the West,
1302
01:13:11,754 --> 01:13:13,620
in September 2015,
1303
01:13:13,923 --> 01:13:18,259
Vladimir Putin decides to go one
step further in his commitment.
1304
01:13:18,962 --> 01:13:21,262
Instead of the triumph of
democracy and progress
1305
01:13:21,397 --> 01:13:25,199
we have violence, poverty,
and social disaster.
1306
01:13:26,836 --> 01:13:28,669
I would like to
ask those who are
1307
01:13:28,804 --> 01:13:30,905
responsible for this situation:
1308
01:13:31,574 --> 01:13:34,308
are you now aware of
what you have done?
1309
01:13:36,045 --> 01:13:38,779
The flag of the Islamic
State has already
1310
01:13:38,915 --> 01:13:41,815
federated tens of
thousands of combatants.
1311
01:13:41,951 --> 01:13:44,751
Among them, former
Iraqi soldiers,
1312
01:13:44,887 --> 01:13:49,690
thrown into the streets in the
wake of the 2003 invasion.
1313
01:13:50,993 --> 01:13:53,627
They are now joined
by members of
1314
01:13:53,762 --> 01:13:56,697
the "moderate Syrian opposition"
1315
01:13:57,933 --> 01:14:04,539
which was armed, trained
and supported by West.
1316
01:14:05,808 --> 01:14:09,076
This is not about the
ambitions of Russia,
1317
01:14:09,812 --> 01:14:11,979
but of the fact that
we will no longer
1318
01:14:12,115 --> 01:14:14,649
tolerate this management
of global affairs.
1319
01:14:18,588 --> 01:14:19,854
Russia ventures,
1320
01:14:19,989 --> 01:14:22,456
for the first time since
the collapse of the USSR,
1321
01:14:22,591 --> 01:14:25,759
to use military force
outside its own domain.
1322
01:14:26,696 --> 01:14:29,830
Fighter planes and helicopters,
of the latest generation,
1323
01:14:29,966 --> 01:14:32,466
brutally invade the
Syrian airspace.
1324
01:14:33,369 --> 01:14:36,103
The Russian army's offensive
is particularly ferocious
1325
01:14:36,238 --> 01:14:37,471
and is massive,
1326
01:14:38,040 --> 01:14:41,542
using carpet bombs, similar
to the ones used in Chechnya,
1327
01:14:41,678 --> 01:14:43,377
the Russian operation targets
1328
01:14:43,512 --> 01:14:45,880
all the forces engaged
against the regime,
1329
01:14:46,015 --> 01:14:48,715
and enables Bashar
al-Assad to re-conquer
1330
01:14:48,851 --> 01:14:51,285
a great number of
lost territories.
1331
01:15:09,580 --> 01:15:12,540
Russian diplomacy is very
much a diplomacy in response
1332
01:15:12,620 --> 01:15:14,900
to what the West might
or might not do.
1333
01:15:15,060 --> 01:15:16,940
I think that the
intervention in Syria
1334
01:15:17,020 --> 01:15:21,620
was largely motivated
by Western delays,
1335
01:15:21,660 --> 01:15:23,700
which lasted for two,
even three years,
1336
01:15:23,740 --> 01:15:25,740
What should we do?
What do we want?
1337
01:15:25,780 --> 01:15:30,380
So for several months, and even
as we speak, we are witnessing
1338
01:15:30,860 --> 01:15:33,340
a form of re-entrance
of Westerners
1339
01:15:33,860 --> 01:15:35,260
into the real world
1340
01:15:35,660 --> 01:15:38,220
And in the real world, they
can't overthrow Assad.
1341
01:15:38,334 --> 01:15:40,267
The efficiency and violence
1342
01:15:40,402 --> 01:15:43,704
of the Russian air strikes force
the Islamic rebels to retreat.
1343
01:15:43,839 --> 01:15:46,140
The numbers of civilian
victims are high
1344
01:15:46,275 --> 01:15:48,542
but Putin obtains a
prestigious victory in
1345
01:15:48,677 --> 01:15:51,445
liberating the antique
jewel of Palmyra.
1346
01:16:09,164 --> 01:16:11,265
With its management of
the Syrian conflict,
1347
01:16:11,400 --> 01:16:13,834
Russia has displayed its
renewed military strength
1348
01:16:13,970 --> 01:16:16,970
and its capacity to assume
the security of its allies.
1349
01:16:17,573 --> 01:16:19,072
In the eyes of the West
1350
01:16:19,208 --> 01:16:22,109
it has confirmed itself
as a major world player.
1351
01:16:32,060 --> 01:16:34,540
Currently, the centre of gravity has
1352
01:16:34,580 --> 01:16:37,740
switched to other region of the world.
1353
01:16:38,500 --> 01:16:40,740
China is "progressing", India is "progressing",
(economically speaking that is)
1354
01:16:40,780 --> 01:16:43,140
Latin America and Africa
are both progressing!
1355
01:16:43,180 --> 01:16:45,020
But Europe is not developing.
1356
01:16:45,100 --> 01:16:49,780
The US is a predominant
but failing force,
1357
01:16:49,900 --> 01:16:51,900
clinging to its possibilities,
1358
01:16:51,940 --> 01:16:54,820
but the wind of change
has already begun.
1359
01:16:56,279 --> 01:16:58,178
Putin has succeeded in placing
1360
01:16:58,314 --> 01:16:59,980
his pieces on the
world chessboard,
1361
01:17:00,115 --> 01:17:02,682
showing he can carry his
weight in crucial conflicts
1362
01:17:02,818 --> 01:17:04,318
and has perhaps avoided an
1363
01:17:04,453 --> 01:17:07,088
open regional conflict
in the Middle East.
1364
01:17:08,090 --> 01:17:09,890
By continuing to arm and support
1365
01:17:10,025 --> 01:17:12,259
Russian speaking
separatists in the Donbass,
1366
01:17:12,395 --> 01:17:14,261
Russia will be present
for a long time
1367
01:17:14,396 --> 01:17:16,530
in Ukraine through a proxy war.
1368
01:17:18,167 --> 01:17:19,934
Far from the Syrian
battle fields,
1369
01:17:20,069 --> 01:17:23,404
Ukrainians continue to fight
for their independence.
1370
01:17:25,060 --> 01:17:28,180
Putin doesn't intend to
obtain major victories
1371
01:17:28,260 --> 01:17:31,100
in Ukraine or to impinge
on its territory.
1372
01:17:31,647 --> 01:17:34,849
A war of which no one can
imagine the conclusion.
1373
01:17:36,340 --> 01:17:41,140
We are a kind of
Christian Taliban.
1374
01:17:41,660 --> 01:17:44,460
I will consider my
mission accomplished
1375
01:17:44,500 --> 01:17:46,900
when I witness the
ruins of the Kremlin.
1376
01:17:51,700 --> 01:17:54,660
I can well understand
that Europe won't help us.
1377
01:17:54,740 --> 01:17:56,620
It has no intention
of helping us
1378
01:17:56,660 --> 01:17:59,380
and to tell the truth, it
has no obligation to do so.
1379
01:18:00,020 --> 01:18:02,820
It is our war, it
is our misfortune.
1380
01:18:16,926 --> 01:18:18,558
The more Russia is
attacked by the
1381
01:18:18,694 --> 01:18:20,494
liberal so-called "intelligentsia" and equally
by such minded Western based politicians,
1382
01:18:20,629 --> 01:18:23,464
the more it relies on populist
movements everywhere.
1383
01:18:23,599 --> 01:18:26,066
Traversing frontiers Vladimir
Putin has even become
1384
01:18:26,201 --> 01:18:28,268
a reference for his worst enemy:
1385
01:18:28,404 --> 01:18:30,437
The United States of America.
1386
01:18:31,006 --> 01:18:32,505
If he says great
things about me,
1387
01:18:32,641 --> 01:18:34,441
I'm gonna say great
things about him.
1388
01:18:34,577 --> 01:18:37,111
I've already said he is
really very much of a leader,
1389
01:18:37,246 --> 01:18:39,680
I mean you can say "oh, isn't
it a terrible thing?"
1390
01:18:39,815 --> 01:18:42,115
The man has a very strong
control over a country,
1391
01:18:42,251 --> 01:18:45,486
he's been a leader far more than
our President has been a leader.
1392
01:18:46,055 --> 01:18:50,257
You called him is brilliant,
outstanding, talented.
1393
01:18:53,380 --> 01:18:56,220
I just said he was a brilliant
and a colourful candidate.
1394
01:18:56,340 --> 01:18:57,580
Don't you think so?
1395
01:18:58,140 --> 01:18:59,140
I do.
1396
01:19:04,306 --> 01:19:06,573
After the collapse of the USSR,
1397
01:19:06,708 --> 01:19:09,509
people thought the world
would now be a unipolar one,
1398
01:19:09,645 --> 01:19:11,545
inducing peace and stability.
1399
01:19:12,047 --> 01:19:14,114
But since then the
myth has dissolved
1400
01:19:14,249 --> 01:19:16,650
and fears have replaced
that conviction.
1401
01:19:23,259 --> 01:19:25,659
Are we going to see a real
disruption of the world order
1402
01:19:25,794 --> 01:19:27,827
at a time when Western
universalism,
1403
01:19:27,963 --> 01:19:29,463
defending humanist values,
1404
01:19:29,598 --> 01:19:31,698
is sowing death and destruction;
1405
01:19:31,834 --> 01:19:34,401
when it is exacerbating
rank social inequalities
1406
01:19:34,537 --> 01:19:35,869
and injustice,
1407
01:19:36,271 --> 01:19:39,440
when it is pushing peoples
towards populist models?
1408
01:19:46,140 --> 01:19:48,260
So, are we going
to witness a major
1409
01:19:48,780 --> 01:19:52,420
realistic policy
resurfacing in the West,
1410
01:19:53,260 --> 01:19:54,740
tied to its own values,
1411
01:19:55,220 --> 01:19:58,180
yet refraining from imposing
it every morning on the world,
1412
01:19:58,540 --> 01:20:01,060
accepting an evolving
partnership,
1413
01:20:01,660 --> 01:20:03,940
whose role would be
to assist Russia,
1414
01:20:04,020 --> 01:20:06,300
to overcome "obsessional complexes"
1415
01:20:06,340 --> 01:20:08,300
and aim for an "alternative" seeming
future?
1416
01:20:08,540 --> 01:20:10,100
This is what we hope for.
1417
01:20:11,938 --> 01:20:13,472
We are glad to
announce billionaire,
1418
01:20:13,774 --> 01:20:15,943
and everybody's
favourite, Donald Trump,
1419
01:20:16,312 --> 01:20:18,779
has won the American presidential
election.
1420
01:20:20,140 --> 01:20:22,420
In wanting to restore
the former Cold War
1421
01:20:22,460 --> 01:20:28,060
and to sustain mental images
of the Cold War before '91,
1422
01:20:28,860 --> 01:20:32,620
we are hindering the analysis
of the prevailing new Cold War.
1423
01:20:33,540 --> 01:20:37,020
You must abandon the framework
of the previous Cold War
1424
01:20:37,060 --> 01:20:39,340
in order to understand
what's happening today,
1425
01:20:39,380 --> 01:20:41,620
which is not about
conflict between two
1426
01:20:41,700 --> 01:20:44,020
superpowers that are
governing the world
1427
01:20:44,060 --> 01:20:46,460
but clearly of a much
more complex world.
1428
01:20:53,580 --> 01:20:56,700
I congratulate Donald
Trump on his victory.
1429
01:20:58,700 --> 01:21:03,900
We paid great attention
to his election campaign.
1430
01:21:05,820 --> 01:21:10,260
We are aware that this will be a difficult task
1431
01:21:10,740 --> 01:21:14,380
in light of the deterioration in our current relations,
1432
01:21:16,420 --> 01:21:18,900
but Russia is willing to reconstruct
1433
01:21:18,940 --> 01:21:21,980
all aspects of our relations.
1434
01:21:32,922 --> 01:21:35,021
Moscow has played an active
1435
01:21:35,157 --> 01:21:37,624
and important role in international negotiations,
1436
01:21:37,759 --> 01:21:41,128
including the accord with Iran to cease nuclear production.
1437
01:21:42,932 --> 01:21:46,066
Could solutions now be found for Syria or Ukraine,
1438
01:21:46,201 --> 01:21:48,568
and other international hotspots?
1439
01:21:48,804 --> 01:21:50,437
This remains to be seen.
1440
01:21:51,774 --> 01:21:54,274
Today, responsibility for the world's future
1441
01:21:54,409 --> 01:21:58,511
lies on the shoulders of the United States,
Europe, China,
1442
01:21:58,880 --> 01:22:00,381
and of course Russia.
1443
01:22:01,817 --> 01:22:03,417
The United States and Russia
1444
01:22:03,552 --> 01:22:05,051
will probably remain enemies forever,
1445
01:22:05,187 --> 01:22:07,220
whoever their leaders may be.
1446
01:22:07,556 --> 01:22:11,959
Maintaining reciprocal hostility
serves their domestic policies.
1447
01:22:14,764 --> 01:22:17,063
China, will methodically and unilaterally
1448
01:22:17,199 --> 01:22:19,899
use its economic power and military strength,
1449
01:22:20,035 --> 01:22:21,601
to establish what it considers
1450
01:22:21,737 --> 01:22:24,471
its zone of influence:
the China Seas.
1451
01:22:25,841 --> 01:22:28,541
Europe is perhaps the only entity capable
1452
01:22:28,677 --> 01:22:31,044
of changing the rules of the game.
1453
01:22:31,247 --> 01:22:34,315
But, without renouncing any
of its fundamental values,
1454
01:22:34,450 --> 01:22:36,917
it has to have the necessary intelligence
1455
01:22:37,052 --> 01:22:38,585
and strength to do so.
1456
01:22:41,656 --> 01:22:42,823
I won't stop
1457
01:22:44,726 --> 01:22:46,660
Until I win...
1458
01:22:52,033 --> 01:22:53,300
Yay! Putin.
1459
01:22:54,034 --> 01:22:58,034
video supplied with sync improvements
and with captions editing by eurohumanist.org
1460
01:22:58,058 --> 01:23:08,058
(originally from itunes USA download facility)
112451
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