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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:52,000 {\an8}PUTIN- THE NEW EMPIRE, 2017 POUTINE POUR... TOUJOURS? 2016 [FRENCH] DOCUMENTAL / BIOGRAFÍA / HISTORIA BY JEAN-MICHEL CARRÉ 1 00:00:58,926 --> 00:01:01,492 On the 2015 May 9th, 2 00:01:01,661 --> 00:01:05,764 Moscow commemorates the 70th anniversary of the end of WW2. 3 00:01:06,533 --> 00:01:10,636 The nation pays homage to the 27 million soviet men and women, 4 00:01:10,771 --> 00:01:13,204 and to the bravery of the Red Army. 5 00:01:13,840 --> 00:01:16,241 It was their personal sacrifice that 6 00:01:16,377 --> 00:01:18,677 led to victory over Nazi Germany. 7 00:01:19,646 --> 00:01:21,980 President Putin had invited the Western leaders 8 00:01:22,115 --> 00:01:23,615 to come and pay their respects 9 00:01:23,750 --> 00:01:26,017 to the memory of the nation which 10 00:01:26,152 --> 00:01:28,387 paid the highest toll in this war. 11 00:01:35,095 --> 00:01:38,329 Not a single Western leader has responded to the invitation. 12 00:01:38,333 --> 00:01:42,333 This is a supreme "affront" to Vladimir Putin, (and clearly unfair and inconsiderate indeed to the greatly humanly spirited people of Russia) 13 00:01:42,336 --> 00:01:43,368 one too many; 14 00:01:44,004 --> 00:01:45,871 in his official speech there is no place 15 00:01:46,006 --> 00:01:48,039 for traditional diplomatic rhetoric. 16 00:01:53,080 --> 00:01:59,720 "I congratulate you on the 70th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War. 17 00:01:59,788 --> 00:02:03,688 Today, while celebrating this sacred anniversary date, 18 00:02:03,700 --> 00:02:08,599 we realize the scale of grandiose victory over the Nazis. 19 00:02:08,600 --> 00:02:13,339 We are proud that our fathers and grandfathers made it to overcome, 20 00:02:13,340 --> 00:02:18,900 defeat and destroy this dark force. 21 00:02:20,500 --> 00:02:25,779 Hitler's mad gamble became a hideous lesson for the whole world. 22 00:02:25,780 --> 00:02:29,479 Then, in the 1930s, 23 00:02:29,480 --> 00:02:36,080 enlightened Europe did not instantly see the deadly threat of the Nazi ideology. 24 00:02:36,660 --> 00:02:39,859 And today, with 70 years having passed, 25 00:02:39,860 --> 00:02:43,440 history once again calls upon us to be mindful and vigilant. 26 00:02:43,540 --> 00:02:48,519 We should never forget that such completely misguided ideas of so-called "racial superiority" (actual bigotry) 27 00:02:48,520 --> 00:02:50,960 led to the bloodiest war ever. 28 00:02:51,205 --> 00:02:52,571 Hoorah! 29 00:02:53,607 --> 00:02:56,308 Hoorah! 30 00:02:57,611 --> 00:02:59,945 Hoorah! 31 00:03:00,114 --> 00:03:02,781 Vladimir Putin's speech is delivered in the 32 00:03:02,916 --> 00:03:05,516 presence of the Chinese and Indian presidents. 33 00:03:05,752 --> 00:03:07,752 Between the three of them they represent 34 00:03:07,888 --> 00:03:09,688 nearly a third of the world's wealth. 35 00:03:09,823 --> 00:03:12,223 Tomorrow's allies, against those that 36 00:03:12,359 --> 00:03:14,993 Putin calls, "the strong armed block". 37 00:03:16,563 --> 00:03:19,230 The 70th anniversary of the end of World War II, 38 00:03:19,366 --> 00:03:22,367 the 'Great Patriotic War' as it was called by Stalin, 39 00:03:22,503 --> 00:03:24,803 is celebrated by the people themselves. 40 00:03:24,938 --> 00:03:26,537 From all over Russia, they converge 41 00:03:26,673 --> 00:03:28,240 in Moscow for the 9th of May. 42 00:03:29,660 --> 00:03:31,980 Russian grandeur is contained with one event: 43 00:03:32,020 --> 00:03:34,500 the victory over Hitler in 1945. 44 00:03:34,540 --> 00:03:36,460 and this crucial date is the 45 00:03:36,500 --> 00:03:38,820 turning point of the 20th century. 46 00:03:39,980 --> 00:03:44,580 So all new ideology is based on the past. 47 00:03:44,820 --> 00:03:47,740 From there, the mighty Soviet Union emerged 48 00:03:48,180 --> 00:03:52,220 and a Russia exists that they want restored, 49 00:03:52,500 --> 00:03:54,820 and they are grateful to Vladimir Putin for 50 00:03:54,860 --> 00:03:57,380 stating that it exists and that it is powerful. 51 00:03:57,460 --> 00:03:59,780 And I believe that this is why we have 52 00:03:59,820 --> 00:04:02,140 difficulty in understanding Russia 53 00:04:02,220 --> 00:04:04,380 What we are witnessing, I believe, 54 00:04:04,420 --> 00:04:06,380 is the rebirth of their nation. 55 00:04:07,380 --> 00:04:08,413 - Hoorah! 56 00:04:10,060 --> 00:04:14,060 They are currently trying to rewrite history, 57 00:04:14,220 --> 00:04:17,460 saying America won the war 58 00:04:17,540 --> 00:04:21,980 whereas in fact, it was won by us, Russia, 59 00:04:22,020 --> 00:04:23,500 by the Soviet Union. 60 00:04:24,298 --> 00:04:26,030 Accompanied by a cortège 61 00:04:26,166 --> 00:04:27,665 of 250,000 people 62 00:04:27,801 --> 00:04:29,634 Putin leads what the Russians call 63 00:04:29,770 --> 00:04:32,471 the 'immortal regiment' for the first time. 64 00:04:35,300 --> 00:04:37,820 The force of this initiative is that it does 65 00:04:37,860 --> 00:04:41,380 not emanate from power or State administration 66 00:04:41,420 --> 00:04:43,460 It comes from the hearts of our people. 67 00:04:43,700 --> 00:04:45,660 It expresses our respect towards 68 00:04:45,700 --> 00:04:50,340 the generation which defended the nation. 69 00:04:51,100 --> 00:04:56,100 It demonstrates that we will continue to uphold their values. 70 00:04:56,940 --> 00:04:59,820 But it also conveys our confidence in ourselves, 71 00:05:00,060 --> 00:05:03,340 in our strengths and in the well-being of our children. 72 00:05:03,400 --> 00:05:05,937 The president carries a photograph of his father, 73 00:05:06,073 --> 00:05:07,872 Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin, 74 00:05:08,008 --> 00:05:09,841 one of the millions of soviet soldiers 75 00:05:09,976 --> 00:05:12,144 that fought during World War II. 76 00:05:15,081 --> 00:05:17,315 For Putin, the absence of western leaders 77 00:05:17,451 --> 00:05:18,950 on this historic day 78 00:05:19,086 --> 00:05:23,188 is as much a personal insult as it is to the Russian people. 79 00:05:24,457 --> 00:05:26,858 The previous year, Putin had joined the allies 80 00:05:26,994 --> 00:05:29,828 for the anniversary of the Normandy landings. 81 00:05:34,434 --> 00:05:37,502 But he had not been invited to the commemoration ceremonies 82 00:05:37,637 --> 00:05:40,972 of the liberation of Auschwitz, only a few months later. 83 00:05:42,142 --> 00:05:44,475 The Soviet Union was the only state 84 00:05:44,611 --> 00:05:46,812 actually involved in its liberation. 85 00:05:51,260 --> 00:05:53,380 In my opinion, this is all about 86 00:05:53,420 --> 00:05:55,940 Western short-sighted and sterile arrogance 87 00:05:55,980 --> 00:05:58,980 and this isn't how we might rebuild 88 00:05:59,060 --> 00:06:01,900 a different and intelligent relation 89 00:06:02,380 --> 00:06:04,220 between the West and Russia, 90 00:06:04,260 --> 00:06:07,100 which will have to happen sooner or later. 91 00:06:07,634 --> 00:06:09,834 The flagrant contempt of the West 92 00:06:09,970 --> 00:06:12,269 brings back memories of the past. 93 00:06:13,039 --> 00:06:16,408 After the explosion of joy following the victory of 1945, 94 00:06:16,643 --> 00:06:19,811 the world plunges into a new type of conflict: 95 00:06:20,013 --> 00:06:21,279 the Cold War. 96 00:06:23,650 --> 00:06:25,984 1949 sees the creation of NATO, 97 00:06:26,119 --> 00:06:29,587 grouping numerous Western, mostly European countries. 98 00:06:29,723 --> 00:06:32,324 In the East in 1955, the Warsaw Pact is 99 00:06:32,459 --> 00:06:35,159 formed by the confederates of the USSR. 100 00:06:35,728 --> 00:06:39,297 The propaganda pumped out by the two eastern and western blocks 101 00:06:39,432 --> 00:06:41,432 persistently invites countries to favour 102 00:06:41,568 --> 00:06:43,201 one block or the other. 103 00:06:43,737 --> 00:06:46,004 The Cold War lasts 45 long years, 104 00:06:46,139 --> 00:06:49,007 and sees the birth of many peripheral world conflicts 105 00:06:49,142 --> 00:06:51,443 and the construction of the Iron Curtain 106 00:06:51,578 --> 00:06:53,944 which is 8,500 kilometres long. 107 00:06:54,414 --> 00:06:56,214 It cuts Europe in half. 108 00:06:56,617 --> 00:06:58,049 CHEERING 109 00:06:58,185 --> 00:07:01,419 In 1989 and 1991 the world celebrates the destruction of 110 00:07:01,555 --> 00:07:05,390 the Berlin wall and with it the end of the Iron Curtain. 111 00:07:06,059 --> 00:07:08,993 Hope rises that the world will be re-unified. 112 00:07:09,162 --> 00:07:11,396 The disappearance of the USSR, however, 113 00:07:11,531 --> 00:07:13,932 sees the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact. 114 00:07:14,200 --> 00:07:17,435 NATO, initially designed to oppose the Soviet Union, 115 00:07:17,570 --> 00:07:19,404 continues however to exist. 116 00:07:20,574 --> 00:07:22,307 The Russians are totally traumatised 117 00:07:22,443 --> 00:07:24,375 by what has happened to their nation. 118 00:07:24,511 --> 00:07:27,078 From 300 million inhabitants, the USSR 119 00:07:27,213 --> 00:07:30,481 is now reduced to 140 million overnight. 120 00:07:31,317 --> 00:07:34,886 Yesterday they were the proud citizens of a world super-power, 121 00:07:35,021 --> 00:07:37,822 and in next to no time they had been abandoned, 122 00:07:37,958 --> 00:07:39,991 their state dismembered and subjected 123 00:07:40,127 --> 00:07:42,093 to international supervision. 124 00:07:43,020 --> 00:07:46,740 It was certainly incredible news! 125 00:07:47,260 --> 00:07:54,380 The end of he USSR was a real catastrophe. 126 00:07:57,611 --> 00:08:01,679 I'm not sure we've absorbed the full impact, 127 00:08:02,081 --> 00:08:04,381 the full import of what happened, 128 00:08:04,951 --> 00:08:08,353 but communism died this year. 129 00:08:12,325 --> 00:08:16,962 By the grace of God, America won the Cold War. 130 00:08:18,700 --> 00:08:21,300 I knew I couldn't do anything. 131 00:08:23,300 --> 00:08:26,620 It happened one night! 132 00:08:27,940 --> 00:08:29,660 And then, George Bush declared: 133 00:08:29,700 --> 00:08:32,220 "It's over, we've won." 134 00:08:34,220 --> 00:08:37,220 And indeed, the USSR admitted its defeat 135 00:08:37,260 --> 00:08:39,900 and simply ceased to exist. 136 00:08:40,900 --> 00:08:45,740 One can easily imagine the feelings of a nation 137 00:08:46,380 --> 00:08:49,500 that was once a super power and shared the world with the US, 138 00:08:49,540 --> 00:08:51,740 a nation that controlled vast territories 139 00:08:51,780 --> 00:08:53,940 in different parts of the world 140 00:08:54,860 --> 00:09:01,380 and which had suddenly lost both its influence and territory... 141 00:09:03,700 --> 00:09:07,140 and which had been weakened economically and militarily. 142 00:09:08,381 --> 00:09:11,149 Thanks to the armies of financiers 143 00:09:11,284 --> 00:09:13,751 directed by "marshall" Goldman Sachs, 144 00:09:13,886 --> 00:09:16,921 the former regime is painlessly eradicated. 145 00:09:17,957 --> 00:09:20,124 With the complicity of the new government, 146 00:09:20,260 --> 00:09:23,995 a group of Russian oligarchs, fascinated by power and money, 147 00:09:24,130 --> 00:09:26,030 take over former state companies 148 00:09:26,166 --> 00:09:28,466 and the exploitation of raw materials 149 00:09:28,602 --> 00:09:30,468 for next to nothing. 150 00:09:32,572 --> 00:09:35,407 Russia has become Europe's sick nation. 151 00:09:37,700 --> 00:09:41,140 In fact, nobody emerged victorious from the Cold War. 152 00:09:41,220 --> 00:09:43,460 It was in Moscow that the decision was made 153 00:09:43,500 --> 00:09:44,900 to end this madness. 154 00:09:44,940 --> 00:09:48,100 American economic consultants arrived 155 00:09:48,500 --> 00:09:50,940 and plunged the country into misery. 156 00:09:52,420 --> 00:09:55,580 Much of the Russian resources ended up 157 00:09:55,620 --> 00:09:58,300 in the hands of international companies 158 00:09:58,340 --> 00:10:00,740 linked to Russian oligarchs. 159 00:10:01,580 --> 00:10:03,460 Russia experienced the most 160 00:10:03,500 --> 00:10:05,820 humiliating period in its history. 161 00:10:06,460 --> 00:10:08,540 At the end of the USSR, Russia, 162 00:10:08,780 --> 00:10:11,900 the Russians lost about 40 per cent of purchasing power. 163 00:10:12,860 --> 00:10:13,860 40 per cent! 164 00:10:14,300 --> 00:10:16,500 Look what happens in a European country 165 00:10:16,540 --> 00:10:18,420 if there is a loss of 0.5 per cent. 166 00:10:19,460 --> 00:10:21,620 So it's a massive shock. 167 00:10:24,980 --> 00:10:27,020 When the press conference 168 00:10:27,060 --> 00:10:30,180 with Boris Yeltsin and Clinton took place, 169 00:10:30,380 --> 00:10:35,980 and Yeltsin was a bit drunk and Clinton started laughing, 170 00:10:36,900 --> 00:10:38,740 and it was broadcasted everywhere, 171 00:10:38,820 --> 00:10:42,900 and shook the national consciousness of Russia. 172 00:10:43,380 --> 00:10:46,820 It was the first time in history that an American president 173 00:10:46,860 --> 00:10:50,420 befriended a Russian president so openly. 174 00:10:50,460 --> 00:10:56,060 This accident, which seemed trivial to most, 175 00:10:56,460 --> 00:11:00,020 had a major impact on people like Putin. 176 00:11:00,700 --> 00:11:02,300 Westerners really believed that 177 00:11:02,340 --> 00:11:04,100 they were the masters of the world. 178 00:11:04,140 --> 00:11:07,380 They would impose human rights, democracy 179 00:11:07,420 --> 00:11:10,420 and markets on the world without difficulty. 180 00:11:11,340 --> 00:11:13,820 Bill Clinton, who had presented this 181 00:11:13,900 --> 00:11:15,820 in a seductive and attractive way, 182 00:11:15,860 --> 00:11:17,580 spoke of market democracy. 183 00:11:18,180 --> 00:11:21,660 China had already adopted, not democracy, but market economy. 184 00:11:21,700 --> 00:11:23,220 Russia would have to follow. 185 00:11:23,260 --> 00:11:26,020 We thought there would be a few uncooperative countries, 186 00:11:26,060 --> 00:11:28,100 but that they would weaken with speeches, 187 00:11:28,140 --> 00:11:30,260 sanctions, air strikes and so on. 188 00:11:44,020 --> 00:11:46,940 And of course, the West used this weakness. 189 00:11:47,260 --> 00:11:51,100 with the US air strikes on Yugoslavia, 190 00:11:51,180 --> 00:11:56,380 they ignored protests from Russia, sending a clear message: 191 00:11:56,460 --> 00:11:58,940 "You are too weak to be considered." 192 00:11:59,152 --> 00:12:02,420 Without consent from the UN security council, 193 00:12:02,555 --> 00:12:05,256 NATO takes the unilateral decision to send in planes 194 00:12:05,391 --> 00:12:07,425 to bombard the Yugoslavian army 195 00:12:07,560 --> 00:12:10,795 to protect the Albanese populations of Kosovo. 196 00:12:11,664 --> 00:12:13,464 Yeltsin is on his last legs 197 00:12:13,600 --> 00:12:16,200 and Russia proves incapable of preventing 198 00:12:16,336 --> 00:12:19,671 its last European ally from being brought to heel. 199 00:12:23,940 --> 00:12:27,140 The West didn't think it would end, 200 00:12:27,220 --> 00:12:29,740 and that Russia could one day protest 201 00:12:29,780 --> 00:12:33,460 with more strength and determination. 202 00:12:33,780 --> 00:12:35,700 Of course it was a misjudgement! 203 00:12:36,300 --> 00:12:37,740 Then Putin arrived. 204 00:12:37,820 --> 00:12:42,020 He is the man who has borne the humiliations of his country. 205 00:12:43,380 --> 00:12:48,860 Today I have decided to announce 206 00:12:49,860 --> 00:12:56,860 the man who, in my opinion, will be able to consolidate society: 207 00:12:57,180 --> 00:13:00,500 Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. 208 00:13:01,281 --> 00:13:05,316 In August 1998 Vladimir Putin is made prime minister. 209 00:13:05,818 --> 00:13:08,786 A few weeks later, a series of five attacks are made 210 00:13:08,921 --> 00:13:11,689 in Russian towns with over 300 victims. 211 00:13:12,359 --> 00:13:15,593 The government immediately accuses Chechen separatists. 212 00:13:16,380 --> 00:13:19,900 We'll pursue terrorists wherever they might be. 213 00:13:20,100 --> 00:13:24,420 We'll seize them in the toilets if we have to! 214 00:13:24,620 --> 00:13:26,740 That's my final word. 215 00:13:26,839 --> 00:13:29,073 Two terrorists are arrested and 216 00:13:29,208 --> 00:13:31,342 the Kremlin puts a halt to enquiries. 217 00:13:32,479 --> 00:13:35,713 But Russian journalists discover that the terrorists in question 218 00:13:35,848 --> 00:13:38,683 are members of the FSB, former KGB. 219 00:13:40,286 --> 00:13:42,320 This doesn't prevent Prime minister Putin 220 00:13:42,455 --> 00:13:45,222 from sending Russian bombers to bombard Grozny, 221 00:13:45,358 --> 00:13:47,125 the capital of Chechnya. 222 00:13:47,494 --> 00:13:49,660 From the 1st October, it is bombarded 223 00:13:49,795 --> 00:13:51,562 non stop for several months. 224 00:13:52,799 --> 00:13:56,568 Out of the one million inhabitants, 200,000 are killed. 225 00:13:58,070 --> 00:13:59,704 The Russian people are proud 226 00:13:59,839 --> 00:14:01,973 of their prime minister's inflexibility. 227 00:14:02,208 --> 00:14:04,241 Six months later, they elect him 228 00:14:04,377 --> 00:14:06,744 president of the Russian Federation. 229 00:14:07,046 --> 00:14:09,580 Putin quickly imposes his, "vertical of power" 230 00:14:09,716 --> 00:14:11,582 and his, "directed democracy", 231 00:14:11,717 --> 00:14:14,785 excluding oligarchs that show interest in politics 232 00:14:14,921 --> 00:14:17,287 and the media that criticise him. 233 00:14:17,556 --> 00:14:19,157 In the West, countries seem 234 00:14:19,292 --> 00:14:21,492 quite confident in the new president. 235 00:14:21,694 --> 00:14:25,430 The world seems to have entered a period of relative stability. 236 00:14:27,580 --> 00:14:30,860 So the future is now ours and history is over. 237 00:14:31,220 --> 00:14:33,620 It is the end of history due to lack of fighters, 238 00:14:33,660 --> 00:14:35,820 since everyone agrees on the fundamentals. 239 00:14:35,860 --> 00:14:40,180 But then, gradually we begin to realise that things aren't over, 240 00:14:40,340 --> 00:14:43,500 quite the opposite, history is just beginning. 241 00:14:43,649 --> 00:14:45,616 - Right here, right here, stay right here. 242 00:14:45,752 --> 00:14:47,751 - It's terrible, terrible. 243 00:14:48,354 --> 00:14:50,688 I've never seen nothing like it in my life. 244 00:14:51,060 --> 00:14:55,060 Putin has been very affected by the September 11 attacks. 245 00:14:55,900 --> 00:14:59,100 And despite the enmity between the two nations, 246 00:14:59,260 --> 00:15:01,380 he was willing to support the US 247 00:15:01,900 --> 00:15:06,580 and provide assistance during these painful ordeals. 248 00:15:07,420 --> 00:15:10,740 The people of Russia are familiar with terrorism. 249 00:15:11,940 --> 00:15:18,700 We feel very close to the citizens of America. 250 00:15:20,580 --> 00:15:26,860 We understand how they must be feeling today. 251 00:15:28,580 --> 00:15:33,060 In the name of Russia, I want to express our solidarity. 252 00:15:35,001 --> 00:15:37,669 With this declaration Putin also hopes 253 00:15:37,804 --> 00:15:40,371 that the Chechen genocide will be forgotten. 254 00:15:41,140 --> 00:15:44,660 So he took action and he said, "That will justify our moves. 255 00:15:44,700 --> 00:15:48,540 They will stop harassing us via NGOs and the media..." 256 00:15:48,900 --> 00:15:51,940 So maybe there's the possibility of an agreement, 257 00:15:51,980 --> 00:15:53,500 an arrangement whereby Russia, 258 00:15:53,540 --> 00:15:56,580 the new Russia that is taking form, will be fully recognised. 259 00:15:56,620 --> 00:15:58,380 Maybe he thought that at some point. 260 00:15:58,540 --> 00:16:00,820 Today we must proclaim firmly and finally: 261 00:16:01,180 --> 00:16:02,940 The Cold War is over! 262 00:16:07,540 --> 00:16:09,420 As for European integration, 263 00:16:10,140 --> 00:16:12,740 we not only support these processes, 264 00:16:12,980 --> 00:16:15,100 but we look upon them with hope. 265 00:16:15,740 --> 00:16:18,660 We look upon them, as a people who learned 266 00:16:18,700 --> 00:16:20,740 very well the lessons of the Cold War, 267 00:16:20,860 --> 00:16:23,660 and the damaging effects of an ideological occupation. 268 00:16:28,220 --> 00:16:29,220 In response, 269 00:16:30,060 --> 00:16:31,860 at least according to him, 270 00:16:32,380 --> 00:16:35,260 first there was first the American intervention in Iraq: 271 00:16:35,340 --> 00:16:37,620 an illegal military intervention in 272 00:16:37,660 --> 00:16:40,340 an independent and sovereign nation 273 00:16:40,380 --> 00:16:42,020 and lacking the required approval 274 00:16:42,060 --> 00:16:43,580 from the Security Council. 275 00:16:50,140 --> 00:16:54,540 France, Germany, and Russia protested, 276 00:16:54,580 --> 00:16:56,380 but that didn't prevent the US from 277 00:16:56,460 --> 00:16:58,300 carrying out an operation which led 278 00:16:58,340 --> 00:17:00,220 to the death of one million Iraqis. 279 00:17:00,420 --> 00:17:01,820 And then there was Georgia 280 00:17:01,860 --> 00:17:03,900 and the Orange Revolution in Ukraine, 281 00:17:03,940 --> 00:17:06,500 actively supported by the US. 282 00:17:07,300 --> 00:17:09,380 In other words, according to him, 283 00:17:09,420 --> 00:17:12,380 he held out his hand and they spat in his face. 284 00:17:13,766 --> 00:17:17,935 In September 2003, a former Republic of the USSR, 285 00:17:18,070 --> 00:17:21,171 Georgia, is overthrown by the Rose revolution. 286 00:17:22,475 --> 00:17:25,142 With the secret support of the USA and other countries 287 00:17:25,278 --> 00:17:27,277 in search of a Western life-style, 288 00:17:27,413 --> 00:17:29,646 the charismatic, pro-western young leader, 289 00:17:29,782 --> 00:17:31,282 Mikhail Saakashvili, 290 00:17:31,417 --> 00:17:35,286 brings down the old soviet apparatchik Shevardnadze. 291 00:17:40,759 --> 00:17:42,192 This is a velvet revolution, 292 00:17:42,328 --> 00:17:44,362 the greatest day in history of this nation. 293 00:17:44,497 --> 00:17:47,031 Not a shot was fired, not a single shot, 294 00:17:47,166 --> 00:17:50,034 people overwhelmed and really removed 295 00:17:50,169 --> 00:17:52,336 the government by peaceful means, 296 00:17:52,472 --> 00:17:55,706 that's classics you know, really European. I am proud. 297 00:17:55,842 --> 00:17:58,276 The scenario of this colour revolution 298 00:17:58,411 --> 00:18:01,646 reappears again in Ukraine in 2004 with the Orange Revolution 299 00:18:01,781 --> 00:18:05,349 and once more in Kyrgyzstan in 2005 with the Tulip Revolution, 300 00:18:05,484 --> 00:18:07,552 making The Kremlin's interests waver 301 00:18:07,687 --> 00:18:09,687 at the heart of its sphere of influence. 302 00:18:10,340 --> 00:18:12,740 We kept sending messages to the Russians, 303 00:18:12,780 --> 00:18:14,420 saying that we didn't trust them, 304 00:18:14,460 --> 00:18:16,660 that since the Soviet Union had disappeared, 305 00:18:16,700 --> 00:18:17,700 nothing had changed. 306 00:18:17,740 --> 00:18:19,740 Anyway, we had to step into the breach 307 00:18:19,780 --> 00:18:22,380 and drive back Russian influence as far as possible, 308 00:18:22,420 --> 00:18:24,180 because they were dangerous. 309 00:18:24,804 --> 00:18:26,803 During these people's risings 310 00:18:26,939 --> 00:18:30,341 seven countries decide to join NATO once and for all. 311 00:18:32,511 --> 00:18:34,479 Today, we proudly welcome 312 00:18:35,381 --> 00:18:36,681 Bulgaria 313 00:18:38,451 --> 00:18:39,716 Estonia 314 00:18:41,287 --> 00:18:42,587 Latvia 315 00:18:43,656 --> 00:18:44,855 Lithuania 316 00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:48,359 Romania 317 00:18:48,928 --> 00:18:50,161 Slovakia 318 00:18:50,930 --> 00:18:52,196 and Slovenia. 319 00:18:54,501 --> 00:18:56,466 We welcome them into the ranks of the 320 00:18:56,602 --> 00:18:58,936 North Atlantic Treaty Organization 321 00:19:03,780 --> 00:19:06,820 With Russia it was always a question of "NATO against whom?" 322 00:19:06,900 --> 00:19:08,500 There had been a Warsaw pact, 323 00:19:08,540 --> 00:19:10,540 but there was no longer a Warsaw Pact. 324 00:19:10,780 --> 00:19:11,780 Against whom? 325 00:19:12,220 --> 00:19:13,740 Why join NATO? 326 00:19:15,821 --> 00:19:18,522 The expansionist intentions of NATO and Europe 327 00:19:18,658 --> 00:19:20,858 are in total contradiction with the secret, 328 00:19:20,994 --> 00:19:23,260 and unfortunately, verbal agreements 329 00:19:23,396 --> 00:19:25,563 made between Gorbachev and Bush senior 330 00:19:25,698 --> 00:19:27,831 after the collapse of the USSR. 331 00:19:28,600 --> 00:19:31,301 The agreements between the two presidents stipulated 332 00:19:31,437 --> 00:19:34,205 that countries having a common frontier with new Russia 333 00:19:34,340 --> 00:19:36,307 could in no event join NATO. 334 00:19:44,100 --> 00:19:48,860 When the former Baltic states of the USSR 335 00:19:48,940 --> 00:19:51,660 joined NATO in 2004, 336 00:19:53,540 --> 00:19:56,740 NATO called it a 'wave of transformation' 337 00:19:57,780 --> 00:20:01,700 whereas in Russia they called it a 'wave of enlargement'. 338 00:20:02,501 --> 00:20:04,201 This immediately provokes 339 00:20:04,336 --> 00:20:05,936 the reaction of Alexey Pushkov, 340 00:20:06,071 --> 00:20:08,105 spokesman for foreign affairs in the Duma, 341 00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:09,907 the Russian House of parliament. 342 00:20:11,300 --> 00:20:14,180 NATO "amasses" an increasing number of nations 343 00:20:14,220 --> 00:20:16,940 and then the US secretary of defence said: 344 00:20:17,020 --> 00:20:19,260 "Russian forces are at the gates of NATO!" 345 00:20:19,340 --> 00:20:22,420 Yes, because NATO has come from Germany to the Russian border, 346 00:20:22,460 --> 00:20:25,740 but it's NATO that had expanded in the direction of Russia, 347 00:20:25,780 --> 00:20:29,180 that's why we considered it a great danger. 348 00:20:29,529 --> 00:20:32,629 After NATO, it is the European Union's turn 349 00:20:32,765 --> 00:20:35,399 to invite Baltic states and a few other former members 350 00:20:35,535 --> 00:20:37,568 of the Warsaw Pact to join it. 351 00:20:38,980 --> 00:20:41,260 The expansion of a new Europe means the 352 00:20:41,300 --> 00:20:43,660 expansion of an acutely anti-Russian bloc, 353 00:20:43,700 --> 00:20:46,380 which will, in fact, build around Germany. 354 00:20:46,580 --> 00:20:49,020 That's to say that within the European Union 355 00:20:49,060 --> 00:20:53,540 there is an extremely powerful Eastern European bloc, 356 00:20:53,740 --> 00:20:55,620 whose opponent is Russia, 357 00:20:55,660 --> 00:20:57,580 and that's something that counts a lot. 358 00:20:57,940 --> 00:21:01,660 The West was convinced that it could rule the world, 359 00:21:02,340 --> 00:21:04,580 not by military means as previously, 360 00:21:04,620 --> 00:21:06,340 in the age of the empires, 361 00:21:06,500 --> 00:21:10,460 but by combining economic control 362 00:21:10,500 --> 00:21:16,180 and the ideology of universalism. 363 00:21:17,140 --> 00:21:19,820 If the West had collaborated with Putin 364 00:21:19,860 --> 00:21:22,580 in a genuine economic partnership, 365 00:21:22,820 --> 00:21:27,020 today Russia would be a member of NATO and the European Union. 366 00:21:27,580 --> 00:21:30,620 But they didn't want relations based on equality with Russia. 367 00:21:31,140 --> 00:21:34,820 Between 1999 and 2000, Putin was probably the most 368 00:21:34,860 --> 00:21:37,820 pro-European of Russian politicians. 369 00:21:38,780 --> 00:21:43,980 Certainly not the most pro-Western, that hasn't changed. 370 00:21:44,540 --> 00:21:48,820 But certainly the most pro-European in Russian history. 371 00:21:49,980 --> 00:21:52,300 At the Munich conference in 2007, 372 00:21:52,500 --> 00:21:55,900 Putin expressed his feelings on the US with clarity. 373 00:21:55,980 --> 00:21:57,860 He couldn't wait until 2012. 374 00:21:58,140 --> 00:22:00,180 What is a unipolar world? 375 00:22:00,940 --> 00:22:05,220 No matter how one tries to embellish this term, 376 00:22:05,380 --> 00:22:08,860 in reality it means only one thing: one centre of authority, 377 00:22:09,300 --> 00:22:14,100 one centre of force and one centre of decision-making, 378 00:22:14,380 --> 00:22:16,900 of a unique sovereign. 379 00:22:18,500 --> 00:22:24,340 Ultimately it would be fatal for those within such a system, 380 00:22:24,660 --> 00:22:27,380 because it destroys itself from within. 381 00:22:36,956 --> 00:22:40,324 Harasho, harasho. I run this freakin' show. 382 00:22:40,726 --> 00:22:43,994 You think I can't speak English? There's nothing I don't know. 383 00:22:44,130 --> 00:22:47,764 I know that World War 3 nobody wants to see 384 00:22:47,900 --> 00:22:51,268 so please EU and USA don't mothersuckers mess with me. 385 00:22:51,404 --> 00:22:53,504 Oh, Yes I Ken 386 00:22:53,639 --> 00:22:55,339 'cause I'm the president... 387 00:22:55,474 --> 00:22:57,674 In the Munich speech of 2007 388 00:22:57,809 --> 00:22:59,876 Putin pronounces his first violent diatribe 389 00:23:00,012 --> 00:23:01,445 on western policies. 390 00:23:02,081 --> 00:23:04,214 There is no immediate follow up as until now 391 00:23:04,350 --> 00:23:06,150 Putin has only concentrated on putting 392 00:23:06,285 --> 00:23:08,352 Russian domestic affairs in order. 393 00:23:08,821 --> 00:23:10,921 But Russia has strategic interests. 394 00:23:11,290 --> 00:23:14,324 Like The United States and other principal western countries, 395 00:23:14,460 --> 00:23:16,226 Russia must now prove its capacity 396 00:23:16,362 --> 00:23:18,028 to influence other countries. 397 00:23:18,164 --> 00:23:20,630 Because what counts is a sphere of influence 398 00:23:20,766 --> 00:23:22,566 each large nation has in the world. 399 00:23:23,940 --> 00:23:29,580 For Russia, security interests come before economic interests. 400 00:23:29,940 --> 00:23:32,820 In this context, the relations between Russia 401 00:23:33,460 --> 00:23:36,380 and the US, Europe and NATO countries, 402 00:23:36,580 --> 00:23:40,100 are the subject of constant debate 403 00:23:40,340 --> 00:23:44,140 Russians feel scorned, surrounded, 404 00:23:44,620 --> 00:23:47,540 threatened with irreparable destabilisation 405 00:23:47,900 --> 00:23:52,220 and Westerners believe that Putin is increasingly a bit autocratic, 406 00:23:52,598 --> 00:23:55,699 Putin is pressed by the liberals in his inner circle 407 00:23:55,835 --> 00:23:57,501 and the West is beginning to weigh 408 00:23:57,637 --> 00:24:00,003 on Russia economically and needs reassuring. 409 00:24:00,439 --> 00:24:02,840 He tells his Prime Minister, Dmitri Medvedev, 410 00:24:02,975 --> 00:24:05,843 a renowned moderate, to run for president. 411 00:24:06,778 --> 00:24:08,145 Vladimir Putin is playing a 412 00:24:08,280 --> 00:24:10,380 political game of musical chairs. 413 00:24:10,749 --> 00:24:12,349 For four or eight years, he will 414 00:24:12,484 --> 00:24:14,418 replace Medvedev as prime minister, 415 00:24:14,554 --> 00:24:16,920 with in mind, a subsequent return to power, 416 00:24:17,056 --> 00:24:18,822 while to all appearances submitting 417 00:24:18,957 --> 00:24:21,292 to the rules of the constitution. 418 00:24:23,062 --> 00:24:26,430 In large Russian towns President Medvedev's liberal policies, 419 00:24:26,565 --> 00:24:29,199 inspired by the West, raise the hopes of 420 00:24:29,335 --> 00:24:31,969 the Russian middle classes for change. 421 00:24:34,974 --> 00:24:36,974 But an event reveals the tension between 422 00:24:37,109 --> 00:24:39,142 the two ruling heads of the country. 423 00:24:39,411 --> 00:24:41,779 In August 2008, Georgia bombards a 424 00:24:41,914 --> 00:24:44,247 province on the Russian frontier. 425 00:24:44,716 --> 00:24:48,585 President Medvedev, Chief of the Armed forces, fails to react. 426 00:24:49,221 --> 00:24:51,188 On air, in front of the whole nation, 427 00:24:51,323 --> 00:24:54,191 Putin curtly reminds him of his responsibilities? 428 00:24:55,780 --> 00:24:57,980 I think it would be wise that you 429 00:24:58,020 --> 00:25:00,100 give an order to the War Tribunal 430 00:25:00,700 --> 00:25:02,100 Of course I shall do that 431 00:25:02,234 --> 00:25:04,668 Putin feels obliged to take on the role 432 00:25:04,804 --> 00:25:06,236 of Chief of the Armed Forces, 433 00:25:06,371 --> 00:25:08,839 a role normally incumbent on the president. 434 00:25:09,274 --> 00:25:12,142 Medvedev remains sovereign in the economic field. 435 00:25:12,278 --> 00:25:14,311 His job is to reassure investors, 436 00:25:14,446 --> 00:25:16,714 but the West takes advantage of his weaknesses 437 00:25:16,849 --> 00:25:18,949 rather than dialoguing with him 438 00:25:19,251 --> 00:25:21,618 During the sub-prime crisis in 2008, 439 00:25:21,754 --> 00:25:23,520 Medvedev is unable to prevent the 440 00:25:23,656 --> 00:25:25,589 massive flight of American capital. 441 00:25:25,757 --> 00:25:27,791 The Russian stock exchange plunges 442 00:25:27,927 --> 00:25:29,894 and shuts down several times. 443 00:25:35,000 --> 00:25:36,232 FIRING 444 00:25:36,368 --> 00:25:39,636 But 2011 looks like being the year of every danger. 445 00:25:40,272 --> 00:25:42,239 During the Libyan crisis Russia fails 446 00:25:42,374 --> 00:25:45,408 to use its veto in the UN Security council. 447 00:25:45,844 --> 00:25:48,145 But Putin quickly realises that the supposedly 448 00:25:48,281 --> 00:25:51,014 humanitarian Franco-British coalition 449 00:25:51,150 --> 00:25:54,551 has the ultimate aim of physically eliminating Gaddafi. 450 00:25:55,487 --> 00:25:59,857 Medvedev doesn't see this coming and Russia loses a key ally. 451 00:26:05,197 --> 00:26:07,430 Putin now clearly knows what he wants 452 00:26:07,566 --> 00:26:10,066 and has himself easily nominated by his party 453 00:26:10,202 --> 00:26:13,270 to be the candidate for the next presidential election. 454 00:26:13,606 --> 00:26:16,272 In the parliamentary elections of 2011 455 00:26:16,441 --> 00:26:18,341 Putin's party is victorious, 456 00:26:18,577 --> 00:26:20,644 but the opposition denounces significant 457 00:26:20,779 --> 00:26:23,046 electoral frauds and takes to the streets. 458 00:26:23,248 --> 00:26:24,915 They are the biggest demonstrations 459 00:26:25,050 --> 00:26:26,683 since Putin's arrival in power. 460 00:26:30,580 --> 00:26:32,220 Take the square! 461 00:26:32,380 --> 00:26:35,660 Prevent these rats from gaining power! 462 00:26:46,138 --> 00:26:49,472 Prime minister Putin sees the ghost of a colour revolution, 463 00:26:49,608 --> 00:26:51,542 gliding over his own country. 464 00:26:53,713 --> 00:26:57,380 We just witnessed fraud in the Duma election in Russia, 465 00:26:57,516 --> 00:27:01,185 including efforts to halt the election monitoring 466 00:27:01,700 --> 00:27:03,940 The first thing the Secretary of State 467 00:27:04,220 --> 00:27:05,940 does is to criticize the elections, 468 00:27:06,020 --> 00:27:08,420 even if she still hasn't received any proof from 469 00:27:08,460 --> 00:27:12,620 the monitoring international organisations. 470 00:27:12,940 --> 00:27:15,300 She is addressing some people in particular 471 00:27:15,340 --> 00:27:17,380 and is sending them a message. 472 00:27:17,540 --> 00:27:20,460 The message was received and people have started 473 00:27:20,500 --> 00:27:25,220 to take steps, with the support of the State Department 474 00:27:25,380 --> 00:27:32,700 According to the Kremlin, the intelligentsia deceived them. 475 00:27:33,260 --> 00:27:36,780 They were ungrateful and were rejected from society. 476 00:27:37,380 --> 00:27:39,260 Robber! Robber! 477 00:27:42,620 --> 00:27:44,020 She is here anyway! 478 00:27:44,620 --> 00:27:49,780 We gave them plasma TV's, holidays in Turkey or Fiji 479 00:27:49,820 --> 00:27:52,300 we allowed them to buy houses abroad, 480 00:27:52,340 --> 00:27:54,580 to do whatever they wanted in bed 481 00:27:54,620 --> 00:27:56,940 and even to criticise us in their blogs 482 00:27:56,980 --> 00:27:58,700 and little radio stations, 483 00:27:58,740 --> 00:28:02,660 to drink lattes, buy a Mercedes or a Ford, 484 00:28:02,700 --> 00:28:06,340 to use all the new gadgets, including the iPhone. 485 00:28:06,460 --> 00:28:07,860 And what do they do? 486 00:28:07,900 --> 00:28:11,300 They took the iPhones they had bought thanks to us 487 00:28:12,260 --> 00:28:15,660 and they went to Bolotnaya square and tweeted: 488 00:28:15,740 --> 00:28:18,020 "Down with Putin! It's all crap!" 489 00:28:18,163 --> 00:28:20,497 I mean you can imagine a conversation with Putin, 490 00:28:20,633 --> 00:28:23,199 you know he was Prime Minister after he was president 491 00:28:23,335 --> 00:28:25,835 then one day says "Vladimir, you think 492 00:28:25,971 --> 00:28:28,938 you'd like to be president again? I think I would actually. 493 00:28:30,208 --> 00:28:31,909 Why don't we just go announce it, 494 00:28:32,044 --> 00:28:34,510 we'll tell Dimitri that he could be Prime Minister. 495 00:28:34,646 --> 00:28:38,515 Excellent, excellent idea. We have a process, yes? 496 00:28:46,659 --> 00:28:49,492 One month later in March 2012, 497 00:28:49,795 --> 00:28:51,662 Putin has the satisfaction of winning 498 00:28:51,797 --> 00:28:54,063 the presidential election in the first round 499 00:28:54,199 --> 00:28:56,232 with 63 per cent of the votes. 500 00:28:56,835 --> 00:29:00,237 His prime minister will be? Dmitri Medvedev. 501 00:29:02,340 --> 00:29:09,380 Thank you to all those who said yes to Great Russia. 502 00:29:10,620 --> 00:29:12,100 I salute you comrades! 503 00:29:13,060 --> 00:29:16,980 We salute you Comrade President of the Russian Federation. 504 00:29:17,620 --> 00:29:19,980 Hoorah! Hoorah! Hoorah! 505 00:29:23,829 --> 00:29:25,962 Putin is well and truly back. 506 00:29:26,098 --> 00:29:29,065 He is not less authoritarian, he is more so. 507 00:29:29,200 --> 00:29:32,235 He is not less conservative, he is more so. 508 00:29:32,437 --> 00:29:35,405 He is not less militaristic, he is more so. 509 00:29:35,808 --> 00:29:37,508 All this is confidently asserted, 510 00:29:37,643 --> 00:29:40,077 coherent, and part of his global vision. 511 00:29:40,379 --> 00:29:43,447 It's exactly what a large number of Russians want to hear. 512 00:29:43,682 --> 00:29:46,115 Putin, at last clearly spells it out. 513 00:29:46,251 --> 00:29:49,086 "Russia will become a great power again." 514 00:29:50,140 --> 00:29:54,860 I keep hearing it said that "Russia should have the respect its entitled to" 515 00:29:55,260 --> 00:29:56,420 Why should anyone think otherwise? 516 00:29:57,140 --> 00:30:00,220 Who? Who would think otherwise? 517 00:30:01,220 --> 00:30:02,500 So it's really just a rhetorical question. 518 00:30:03,101 --> 00:30:04,067 Yes, but... 519 00:30:06,940 --> 00:30:10,100 "How can we demonstrate that we are a great power?" 520 00:30:10,340 --> 00:30:14,180 To begin with in the 2000s, his strategy was 521 00:30:14,220 --> 00:30:17,860 to reach out to the United States and to Europe and say: 522 00:30:17,980 --> 00:30:19,940 "We are Europeans". 523 00:30:20,420 --> 00:30:22,660 But faced with the failure of this policy 524 00:30:22,700 --> 00:30:25,380 he creates a new concept of international relations, 525 00:30:25,420 --> 00:30:27,660 viewed as a new imperialism, but it isn't. 526 00:30:27,700 --> 00:30:29,980 It's a new concept of international relations, 527 00:30:30,020 --> 00:30:31,900 which is not the same thing. 528 00:30:32,397 --> 00:30:34,798 The master of the Kremlin launches 529 00:30:34,933 --> 00:30:37,601 a vast enterprise of strategic reconstruction. 530 00:30:38,003 --> 00:30:39,903 His priority is to displace his great 531 00:30:40,038 --> 00:30:42,038 country's economic centre of gravity. 532 00:30:42,741 --> 00:30:46,376 In the search of a new ally, he sets sail for the East: 533 00:30:46,845 --> 00:30:49,146 His first port of visit is China. 534 00:30:51,460 --> 00:30:54,780 From 2004 he had begun to participate 535 00:30:54,820 --> 00:30:56,420 with the Shanghai group, 536 00:30:56,660 --> 00:30:59,220 a group invented by China and not at all by Russia, 537 00:30:59,260 --> 00:31:01,420 which was composed only of Asiatic states. 538 00:31:01,460 --> 00:31:04,220 He entered the BRICS, the ASEAN, 539 00:31:04,260 --> 00:31:07,420 into the entire system of extra-European alliances 540 00:31:07,460 --> 00:31:10,580 where, in fact, Russia seemed a workable player. 541 00:31:10,900 --> 00:31:14,380 In 2012, an important event occurred: 542 00:31:15,420 --> 00:31:19,900 The moment he became president, 543 00:31:20,340 --> 00:31:23,740 Putin inaugurated his mandate with a State visit to China. 544 00:31:25,060 --> 00:31:27,460 Putin believes that Europe wants to 545 00:31:27,500 --> 00:31:30,180 impose its (controversial) ideological conformity ideas on Russia. 546 00:31:30,740 --> 00:31:35,340 and Putin prefers to trade harmlessly with China, 547 00:31:35,860 --> 00:31:39,060 who do not seek to impose themselves, and instead simply cooperate with Russians, 548 00:31:39,100 --> 00:31:42,260 even though he actually of course approves of what are European values. 549 00:31:42,620 --> 00:31:45,500 Our economic goals have similarity of course. 550 00:31:45,540 --> 00:31:48,020 We are both large economic countries 551 00:31:48,060 --> 00:31:49,860 and compete with similar economic growth aspirations. 552 00:31:49,900 --> 00:31:54,660 We both hope to become successful 553 00:31:54,700 --> 00:31:58,300 in this competitive world environment. 554 00:32:01,700 --> 00:32:05,060 Europe is a huge market for Russia. 555 00:32:05,740 --> 00:32:07,740 But Russia has chosen a different 556 00:32:07,780 --> 00:32:09,620 strategy and turned toward Asia. 557 00:32:09,860 --> 00:32:11,140 Basically it says: 558 00:32:11,500 --> 00:32:15,340 "We are not dependent on Europe, 559 00:32:15,380 --> 00:32:20,100 we have multiple alternative outlets." 560 00:32:20,180 --> 00:32:25,460 This is what led to signing agreements with China. 561 00:32:26,845 --> 00:32:28,879 China plays along with Putin 562 00:32:29,014 --> 00:32:30,680 and very quickly becomes Russia's 563 00:32:30,816 --> 00:32:32,783 most important commercial partner. 564 00:32:33,252 --> 00:32:35,552 Together, they initiate military cooperation 565 00:32:35,687 --> 00:32:39,422 and large infrastructure works such as the silk road. 566 00:32:39,691 --> 00:32:41,257 Amongst all their joint projects, 567 00:32:41,393 --> 00:32:42,726 the most ambitious one, 568 00:32:42,861 --> 00:32:44,894 carried out with great discretion, 569 00:32:45,030 --> 00:32:47,763 is to bring down the hegemony of the dollar. 570 00:32:48,333 --> 00:32:51,401 China and Russia both buy large quantities of gold, 571 00:32:51,636 --> 00:32:53,970 each using their own currencies. 572 00:32:54,339 --> 00:32:56,205 Their long term project is to prepare 573 00:32:56,341 --> 00:32:58,475 a fatal blow to the dollar empire. 574 00:32:59,420 --> 00:33:01,340 There might be a geopolitical alliance, 575 00:33:01,420 --> 00:33:03,500 short-lived and limited to few subjects, 576 00:33:03,700 --> 00:33:08,740 an agreement with China to trump various US projects, 577 00:33:09,500 --> 00:33:12,780 to use the Chinese economy for specific deeds, 578 00:33:12,860 --> 00:33:14,660 accords, projects. 579 00:33:14,980 --> 00:33:17,660 I cannot fathom to think that Russia would ever consent 580 00:33:17,700 --> 00:33:19,900 to an alliance against the rest of Europe. 581 00:33:20,140 --> 00:33:22,820 But it is mired in circumstances, it will potentially become viewed in such seeming circumstances 582 00:33:23,020 --> 00:33:25,740 where no real alternative was to presents itself instead. 583 00:33:26,420 --> 00:33:28,900 Right now I have the impression that 584 00:33:28,940 --> 00:33:33,220 we have stuck our heads in the jaws of the Chinese tiger. 585 00:33:33,980 --> 00:33:35,860 And this tiger is thinking. 586 00:33:35,900 --> 00:33:38,420 It isn't in their interest to eat us 587 00:33:39,060 --> 00:33:42,500 so they will just play with us. 588 00:33:43,060 --> 00:33:45,380 When Xi Jinping became president, 589 00:33:45,460 --> 00:33:48,020 his first foreign visit took place in Russia. 590 00:33:48,540 --> 00:33:51,260 This reveals the knowledge and profound determination 591 00:33:51,300 --> 00:33:52,740 of these two heads of state 592 00:33:52,780 --> 00:33:54,700 on the importance of the relations 593 00:33:54,740 --> 00:33:56,460 between our two countries. 594 00:33:56,601 --> 00:34:00,703 China is an important diplomatic and economic ally, 595 00:34:01,573 --> 00:34:04,507 but Putin knows it is a circumstantial alliance. 596 00:34:04,876 --> 00:34:07,877 The Middle Empire is becoming the major world economy, 597 00:34:08,013 --> 00:34:09,779 one day or another each country's 598 00:34:09,915 --> 00:34:11,481 interests will diverge. 599 00:34:13,218 --> 00:34:15,185 On a parallel with the alliance with China, 600 00:34:15,320 --> 00:34:17,854 Putin's dream is to create a multi-polar world 601 00:34:17,989 --> 00:34:20,924 where Russia will play a predominant role. 602 00:34:22,460 --> 00:34:25,361 He revives an ancient Eurasian ideology. 603 00:34:25,597 --> 00:34:28,231 Moscow would be at the heart of a new economic hub 604 00:34:28,366 --> 00:34:30,800 consisting of former soviet republics in Europe 605 00:34:30,935 --> 00:34:34,471 and central Asia, stretching from Belarus to Siberia 606 00:34:34,606 --> 00:34:37,941 and including Kazakhstan and if possible Ukraine. 607 00:34:38,210 --> 00:34:41,177 ...Kazakhstan, Armenia, and soon Kyrgyzstan. 608 00:34:41,313 --> 00:34:43,679 Phil, you said it's big, look at the size of it, 609 00:34:43,815 --> 00:34:47,250 five times bigger than its neighbour the European Union. 610 00:34:48,940 --> 00:34:54,180 We will continue to cooperate with Russia, if it wishes, 611 00:34:55,140 --> 00:34:57,820 We shall develop our close cooperation 612 00:34:57,860 --> 00:35:00,940 with members of the Eurasian Economic Union. 613 00:35:01,260 --> 00:35:03,740 Belarus will remain a crucial player 614 00:35:03,780 --> 00:35:06,100 in the post-Soviet reconstruction. 615 00:35:06,638 --> 00:35:08,471 The aim of this economic structure 616 00:35:08,606 --> 00:35:11,274 is to show solidarity and be self sufficient. 617 00:35:12,043 --> 00:35:14,277 Open to the rest of the world it would become 618 00:35:14,412 --> 00:35:17,681 the turntable for relations between Europe and Asia. 619 00:35:20,318 --> 00:35:22,218 One of these countries, Kazakhstan 620 00:35:22,354 --> 00:35:24,120 is particularly important: 621 00:35:24,556 --> 00:35:28,158 it's new capital Astana, with its avant-guard architecture, 622 00:35:28,293 --> 00:35:30,593 is constructed at the heart of the Steppes 623 00:35:30,728 --> 00:35:33,830 and has been chosen as the future capital of Eurasia. 624 00:35:34,232 --> 00:35:37,234 For the last 26 years this former soviet republic 625 00:35:37,369 --> 00:35:39,870 has been run by the dictator Nazarbayev. 626 00:35:41,340 --> 00:35:45,108 Very close to Putin, he acts as a mediator with Turkey. 627 00:35:46,411 --> 00:35:49,979 Kazakhstan is immense and extremely rich in raw materials: 628 00:35:50,114 --> 00:35:52,482 gas, petrol, uranium. 629 00:35:53,018 --> 00:35:54,517 The country shares a frontier 630 00:35:54,653 --> 00:35:58,521 of 7000 kilometres with Russia and 150 with China. 631 00:35:59,357 --> 00:36:01,557 Its geographic position would be perfectly 632 00:36:01,693 --> 00:36:04,027 central as the capital of Eurasia. 633 00:36:05,740 --> 00:36:08,500 Clearly, Russia's objective is based on volunteering, 634 00:36:08,540 --> 00:36:11,620 on reconstructing a geopolitical body 635 00:36:11,660 --> 00:36:15,540 of roughly 200 million inhabitants, 636 00:36:16,580 --> 00:36:19,180 which would have military cooperation, 637 00:36:19,220 --> 00:36:21,260 common economic cooperation 638 00:36:21,380 --> 00:36:24,580 simply in order to influence the course of events, 639 00:36:24,660 --> 00:36:27,220 in the same way that Europe plans 640 00:36:27,260 --> 00:36:29,380 to influence with 500 million, 641 00:36:29,460 --> 00:36:32,060 alongside the Kazakhs, the Kirghizs, the Belarusians 642 00:36:32,100 --> 00:36:34,460 and with the Ukrainians if it had been possible 643 00:36:34,500 --> 00:36:35,400 but that didn't work. 644 00:36:35,527 --> 00:36:37,260 Apart from the very strong 645 00:36:37,395 --> 00:36:40,229 cultural and economic link that unites Russia and Ukraine, 646 00:36:40,365 --> 00:36:43,199 the second greatest economic power of the former USSR, 647 00:36:43,335 --> 00:36:46,469 Ukraine also holds an essential geo-strategic position. 648 00:36:46,605 --> 00:36:48,638 as far as Europe is concerned. 649 00:36:49,541 --> 00:36:51,074 But neither the United States 650 00:36:51,209 --> 00:36:53,976 nor present European leaders see it that way. 651 00:36:54,446 --> 00:36:56,379 In the end, Ukraine, which could have 652 00:36:56,515 --> 00:36:58,548 been a bridge between the two worlds, 653 00:36:58,683 --> 00:37:01,484 is driven to choose between one or the other. 654 00:37:03,260 --> 00:37:07,180 In 2014, the European Union signed an agreement with Ukraine 655 00:37:07,220 --> 00:37:10,780 signifying, "you are dealing with us, and not with Russia," 656 00:37:10,820 --> 00:37:12,540 which was a declaration of war. 657 00:37:12,940 --> 00:37:17,540 Now, in one move, the EU decided to enter 658 00:37:17,580 --> 00:37:22,860 the customs territory of Russian via Ukraine. 659 00:37:23,380 --> 00:37:25,780 Is that how things should be done? 660 00:37:26,420 --> 00:37:29,140 And when we suggested holding consultations, 661 00:37:29,300 --> 00:37:31,820 we were told it wasn't our business. 662 00:37:32,060 --> 00:37:36,540 Is that how we should solve the problems of Russia? 663 00:37:36,980 --> 00:37:39,420 The European Union demonstrated 664 00:37:39,460 --> 00:37:42,380 an abysmal lack of understanding. 665 00:37:42,980 --> 00:37:44,780 And it is very responsible. 666 00:37:45,020 --> 00:37:47,820 I mean, the European Union's misfortunes, 667 00:37:47,860 --> 00:37:49,980 which are perceived with Brexit 668 00:37:50,820 --> 00:37:53,940 stem from that, from its ignorance of the people. 669 00:37:54,340 --> 00:37:58,500 The Association agreement will modify the rules of the game 670 00:37:58,540 --> 00:38:01,900 and will transform Ukraine into a country 671 00:38:01,940 --> 00:38:05,660 with a European policy and economy 672 00:38:06,260 --> 00:38:08,540 This will pose a terrible threat to Putin, 673 00:38:08,660 --> 00:38:12,180 because our people are very close. 674 00:38:13,700 --> 00:38:18,180 And the outcome of Ukraine embracing a European development 675 00:38:18,380 --> 00:38:21,300 will be an unbearable scenario for Putin. 676 00:38:21,566 --> 00:38:23,900 Subject to pressure from the Kremlin, 677 00:38:24,035 --> 00:38:26,101 Viktor Yanukovych, elected after the failure 678 00:38:26,237 --> 00:38:28,838 of the leaders of the Orange revolution, in 2010, 679 00:38:28,974 --> 00:38:30,873 finally, but not surprisingly, 680 00:38:31,008 --> 00:38:32,875 turns his back on Europe and joins 681 00:38:33,011 --> 00:38:35,045 The Customs Union with Russia. 682 00:38:37,916 --> 00:38:40,216 The sudden about-turn of President Yanukovych 683 00:38:40,352 --> 00:38:43,319 provokes public protest in Kiev the capital. 684 00:38:43,588 --> 00:38:46,122 Thousands of people take to the streets. 685 00:38:46,291 --> 00:38:50,159 At first the movement is pacific as in the orange revolution, 686 00:38:50,528 --> 00:38:52,495 but Yanukovych's repression is enforced 687 00:38:52,630 --> 00:38:54,230 by the Ukrainian special forces 688 00:38:54,366 --> 00:38:56,399 and paramilitary and nationalist groups 689 00:38:56,535 --> 00:38:58,968 turn it into a military confrontation. 690 00:38:59,537 --> 00:39:02,605 The series of decisions taken by Moscow, Kiev or Brussels 691 00:39:02,741 --> 00:39:04,707 only succeed in plunging the world 692 00:39:04,843 --> 00:39:06,810 into a new trial of strength. 693 00:39:12,020 --> 00:39:14,380 Yanukovych destroyed the Ukrainian army. 694 00:39:14,420 --> 00:39:16,740 However, he was able to develop internal troops 695 00:39:16,780 --> 00:39:18,940 which were forced to fight against 696 00:39:19,020 --> 00:39:20,940 internal enemies, meaning us. 697 00:39:20,980 --> 00:39:22,900 We stood no chance of winning. 698 00:39:25,260 --> 00:39:26,540 But we did! 699 00:39:29,734 --> 00:39:32,468 On 21st of February 2014 700 00:39:32,870 --> 00:39:35,705 after several weeks of bloodshed on Maidan, 701 00:39:35,841 --> 00:39:39,509 the opposition takes advantage of Viktor Yanukovych's flight 702 00:39:39,644 --> 00:39:41,144 to invest parliament. 703 00:39:43,660 --> 00:39:48,980 The protests in Kiev were a brutal awakening for Putin. 704 00:39:50,140 --> 00:39:53,100 They showed that in Ukraine, which is like a mini-Russia, 705 00:39:53,140 --> 00:39:55,940 people can demonstrate and simply dismiss 706 00:39:55,980 --> 00:39:59,260 a regime that isn't even communist, 707 00:39:59,980 --> 00:40:06,740 in a country with no gulag and where nobody dies of hunger. 708 00:40:07,220 --> 00:40:09,580 Whatever people might say, 709 00:40:09,660 --> 00:40:13,260 we are all fully aware 710 00:40:13,580 --> 00:40:17,140 of the staged events that took place on Maidan. 711 00:40:17,620 --> 00:40:21,220 The media coverage, the support of the politicians... 712 00:40:21,380 --> 00:40:23,700 it demonstrates the full involvement 713 00:40:23,740 --> 00:40:25,620 of the USA and of Europeans 714 00:40:25,700 --> 00:40:27,540 in a coup d'etat and an 715 00:40:27,580 --> 00:40:30,100 anti-constitutional seizure of power. 716 00:40:31,495 --> 00:40:35,197 The United states no longer even makes any effort to hide. 717 00:40:35,566 --> 00:40:38,201 Victoria Nuland, the US vice secretary of state 718 00:40:38,336 --> 00:40:41,037 openly distributes sandwiches on Maidan. 719 00:40:41,372 --> 00:40:43,740 A few weeks earlier in a telephone conversation 720 00:40:43,875 --> 00:40:47,376 intercepted by the Russians, to her foreign affairs colleague, 721 00:40:47,512 --> 00:40:49,646 she had cracked: "Fuck Europe"" 722 00:40:51,949 --> 00:40:54,317 Putin fears that if he does not react quickly, 723 00:40:54,452 --> 00:40:55,885 Ukraine will join NATO 724 00:40:56,020 --> 00:40:58,687 and partially compromise his Eurasian project. 725 00:40:59,323 --> 00:41:02,191 The entire future of Putin's Russia is perhaps 726 00:41:02,327 --> 00:41:05,261 secretly at stake behind the Kremlin doors. 727 00:41:08,967 --> 00:41:11,000 The new government of Ukraine, 728 00:41:11,235 --> 00:41:14,671 has recently announced its plans 729 00:41:14,873 --> 00:41:16,405 to join NATO. 730 00:41:16,841 --> 00:41:20,710 Just imagine, say, that in the 1980s, 731 00:41:21,112 --> 00:41:26,548 the Warsaw Pact had expanded through much of Latin America, 732 00:41:27,051 --> 00:41:32,188 uh, Mexico announced its plans to join the Warsaw Pact. 733 00:41:33,091 --> 00:41:35,391 How would the United States have reacted? 734 00:41:35,694 --> 00:41:37,659 Putin takes a trip to Crimea, 735 00:41:37,795 --> 00:41:39,762 an autonomous province of Ukraine, 736 00:41:39,898 --> 00:41:41,664 where 90 per cent of the inhabitants 737 00:41:41,799 --> 00:41:43,332 are Russian speakers. 738 00:41:43,534 --> 00:41:46,268 Former territory of Tsarist Russia and the USSR, 739 00:41:46,404 --> 00:41:48,671 Russia has many vested interests there 740 00:41:48,806 --> 00:41:50,707 and owns the naval base of Sevastopol 741 00:41:50,842 --> 00:41:53,543 with unique control over the Black Sea. 742 00:41:56,140 --> 00:41:58,380 Mindful of my responsibility to preserve the 743 00:41:58,420 --> 00:42:00,660 life and security of the citizens of Crimea, 744 00:42:00,740 --> 00:42:02,340 I call upon the President of the 745 00:42:02,380 --> 00:42:04,180 Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin 746 00:42:04,220 --> 00:42:06,980 in order to maintain peace and security in the territory 747 00:42:07,020 --> 00:42:08,280 of the autonomous Republic of Crimea. 748 00:42:08,660 --> 00:42:10,626 After several days of silence, 749 00:42:10,762 --> 00:42:12,428 Putin improvises a counter-offensive 750 00:42:12,563 --> 00:42:15,932 that will mark a turning point in east-west relations 751 00:42:17,420 --> 00:42:20,460 Ukraine says Russia declared war. 752 00:42:20,860 --> 00:42:24,780 European leaders are meeting in Brussels at this moment. 753 00:42:25,060 --> 00:42:27,860 Respond to Russian intervention in Crimea 754 00:42:28,180 --> 00:42:30,100 And the Russians who are now attempting 755 00:42:30,140 --> 00:42:31,700 to recuperate military bases... 756 00:42:31,980 --> 00:42:35,460 Armed men with no formal identification... 757 00:42:35,700 --> 00:42:36,900 Who are these men? 758 00:42:36,940 --> 00:42:38,740 They are wearing combat fatigues, 759 00:42:38,780 --> 00:42:40,020 which appear to be new, 760 00:42:40,060 --> 00:42:41,300 where do they come from? 761 00:42:41,380 --> 00:42:42,380 Russian? 762 00:42:42,940 --> 00:42:44,460 No answer. 763 00:42:44,896 --> 00:42:47,864 These are events that we would consider unthinkable 764 00:42:47,999 --> 00:42:50,767 in the 21st century in the European continent. 765 00:42:54,339 --> 00:42:57,106 Russian troops are deployed in the Crimean Peninsula. 766 00:42:57,241 --> 00:42:59,508 Heavily armed, yet surprisingly relaxed, 767 00:42:59,644 --> 00:43:01,310 the green men tranquilly go about 768 00:43:01,445 --> 00:43:03,579 neutralising the regular Ukrainian army, 769 00:43:03,715 --> 00:43:05,548 in what could be called a particularly 770 00:43:05,683 --> 00:43:07,383 unspectacular power grab. 771 00:43:10,100 --> 00:43:13,100 The Russians fired warning shots in the air. 772 00:43:16,060 --> 00:43:17,820 You're being filmed by journalists! 773 00:43:18,300 --> 00:43:19,580 The US are with us! 774 00:43:20,940 --> 00:43:22,660 Calm own, stop this chaos! 775 00:43:23,660 --> 00:43:25,980 Calm this crowd, major. 776 00:43:27,540 --> 00:43:30,260 It's not a crowd, we are all soldiers! 777 00:43:43,340 --> 00:43:44,700 Honey, I can't talk to you. 778 00:43:46,190 --> 00:43:48,991 Once the green men have installed themselves in Crimea, 779 00:43:49,126 --> 00:43:52,028 nothing more can be an obstacle to Putin's plans. 780 00:43:52,297 --> 00:43:55,765 And yet, according to the Budapest accords of 1994, 781 00:43:55,900 --> 00:43:57,599 the Russian intrusion is considered 782 00:43:57,735 --> 00:43:59,368 as illegal by the west. 783 00:43:59,804 --> 00:44:02,604 The Crimean parliament invokes the people's right to 784 00:44:02,740 --> 00:44:06,041 dispose of their own future and votes for independence. 785 00:44:06,611 --> 00:44:09,111 A referendum is immediately organised. 786 00:44:09,680 --> 00:44:11,179 The Crimeans that do vote, 787 00:44:11,315 --> 00:44:14,917 vote 96 per cent in favour of an annexation with Russia. 788 00:44:15,286 --> 00:44:17,152 Crimea is highly strategic. 789 00:44:17,721 --> 00:44:19,822 Possessing it means, amongst other things, 790 00:44:19,957 --> 00:44:23,025 controlling the oil pipelines that cross the Black sea. 791 00:44:24,162 --> 00:44:28,297 In less than a month, Ukraine has definitively lost Crimea. 792 00:44:29,367 --> 00:44:31,434 For a large number of the Russian people 793 00:44:31,569 --> 00:44:33,669 the annexation is reuniting with a land 794 00:44:33,804 --> 00:44:37,040 that is historically and sentimentally Russian. 795 00:44:40,020 --> 00:44:42,900 I've a tendency to believe that everything 796 00:44:42,940 --> 00:44:45,340 this government is doing is incompetent somehow 797 00:44:46,180 --> 00:44:48,180 However, my first emotional reaction 798 00:44:48,220 --> 00:44:50,620 when we retrieved Crimea 799 00:44:52,700 --> 00:44:54,420 was one of patriotic relief and the 800 00:44:54,460 --> 00:44:56,740 sentiment that it was so fulfilling, 801 00:44:56,780 --> 00:45:00,340 because Crimea re-became integral part of Russia. 802 00:45:00,940 --> 00:45:04,540 The re-joining with Russia of its Crimean territory was presented 803 00:45:04,580 --> 00:45:08,860 as an action in defence of this Russian population, who are the Crimeans, 804 00:45:08,900 --> 00:45:13,660 portraying an image of a paternalistic state 805 00:45:13,700 --> 00:45:15,940 safeguarding its people. 806 00:45:17,700 --> 00:45:19,940 Among us are representatives of the 807 00:45:19,980 --> 00:45:22,300 Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol, 808 00:45:23,180 --> 00:45:24,460 citizens of Russia, 809 00:45:25,300 --> 00:45:27,620 residents of Crimea and Sevastopol! 810 00:45:31,180 --> 00:45:33,220 It was presented and experienced as 811 00:45:33,260 --> 00:45:35,340 a retrieval of an historic justice. 812 00:45:35,620 --> 00:45:37,780 The anti-Putin ranks actually emptied 813 00:45:37,820 --> 00:45:39,460 with the annexation of Crimea. 814 00:45:39,900 --> 00:45:43,260 All this led to a huge wave of support among Russian people, 815 00:45:43,780 --> 00:45:46,460 who instantly forgot the malfunctioning 816 00:45:46,500 --> 00:45:51,260 governance of Putin and the Kremlin. 817 00:45:51,900 --> 00:45:54,220 Crimea is one of numerous examples 818 00:45:54,300 --> 00:45:56,900 of the victory of the Russian army. 819 00:45:57,140 --> 00:46:01,020 We had all grown up with classics of Russian literature, 820 00:46:01,700 --> 00:46:03,100 Dacha of Sevastopol, 821 00:46:03,180 --> 00:46:05,820 the heroic death of Makarov the academician. 822 00:46:05,900 --> 00:46:11,300 All this concerns Crimea and is part of our education. 823 00:46:11,620 --> 00:46:17,180 Crimea was won by Russia, repelling the Ottoman Turks at a high cost in Russian lives. 824 00:46:17,708 --> 00:46:20,442 At the UN Security Council, a resolution 825 00:46:20,578 --> 00:46:23,379 proposing to condemn Russian policies in Crimea... 826 00:46:23,860 --> 00:46:26,620 ...a negative veto vote of the permanent members... 827 00:46:27,051 --> 00:46:28,684 changes nothing. 828 00:46:28,819 --> 00:46:32,688 Russia uses its veto, and China cautiously abstains. 829 00:46:36,900 --> 00:46:42,100 After a long and bitter journey, 830 00:46:42,860 --> 00:46:44,620 Crimea and Sevastopol 831 00:46:45,260 --> 00:46:48,140 have returned safely to their motherland, 832 00:46:52,580 --> 00:46:56,380 and to their home port, 833 00:46:56,540 --> 00:46:57,780 Russia! 834 00:47:02,220 --> 00:47:07,500 ♫ Russia is our sacred state, ♫ 835 00:47:07,940 --> 00:47:13,620 ♫ Russia, our beloved country ♫ 836 00:47:14,100 --> 00:47:20,980 ♫ A mighty will, a great glory, ♫ 837 00:47:21,460 --> 00:47:27,700 ♫ Yours forever for all time, ♫ 838 00:47:28,740 --> 00:47:34,060 ♫ Be glorious, our free Motherland... ♫ 839 00:47:35,980 --> 00:47:39,580 I like that he promotes powerful things like peace, love, 840 00:47:40,220 --> 00:47:44,700 traditional Russian art, traditional Russian values. 841 00:47:44,940 --> 00:47:49,860 Even more important here is that the babushka is valued, 842 00:47:49,900 --> 00:47:53,580 her house is warm, the wood is cut, the sky is clear. 843 00:47:53,940 --> 00:47:55,620 In short, all is well! 844 00:47:56,540 --> 00:47:59,820 What I like about President Putin is the protective instinct, the power 845 00:48:01,340 --> 00:48:04,220 and force emanating from his core. 846 00:48:04,500 --> 00:48:05,980 In general, to me, 847 00:48:06,340 --> 00:48:10,260 in his policies, his body, 848 00:48:10,340 --> 00:48:15,580 his whole image represents strength. 849 00:48:21,500 --> 00:48:23,780 It is true that Vladimir Putin is 850 00:48:23,820 --> 00:48:26,140 very popular in Russia and abroad. 851 00:48:27,260 --> 00:48:30,860 The majority of Russians have a really positive opinion of him. 852 00:48:32,540 --> 00:48:35,740 This mythology has finally turned against us, 853 00:48:35,780 --> 00:48:38,540 I am afraid that Putin began to believe in his own myth. 854 00:48:38,580 --> 00:48:40,540 So many newspapers claim he is the 855 00:48:40,620 --> 00:48:42,940 most influential man in the world... 856 00:48:43,020 --> 00:48:46,100 the most this and the most that... 857 00:48:46,260 --> 00:48:49,420 So now he believes it! 858 00:48:49,940 --> 00:48:52,140 The man in the street believes everything 859 00:48:52,180 --> 00:48:53,940 the state television tells him, 860 00:48:53,980 --> 00:48:55,340 He loves anyone who has 861 00:48:55,380 --> 00:48:57,380 "President of the Russian federation" 862 00:48:57,420 --> 00:48:58,980 written on his business card, 863 00:48:59,020 --> 00:49:01,100 or "Emperor of the Russian Federation". 864 00:49:02,060 --> 00:49:06,340 He's a man who respects his own power and rejects weakness. 865 00:49:07,540 --> 00:49:09,940 We are victorious people! 866 00:49:10,260 --> 00:49:13,300 It is in our genes, our genetic code! 867 00:49:13,620 --> 00:49:16,260 It is passed down from generation to generation. 868 00:49:16,380 --> 00:49:17,740 We will win this time too. 869 00:49:17,900 --> 00:49:20,020 I ask you: are we going to win? 870 00:49:26,397 --> 00:49:29,932 In June 2015, Putin's popularity rating 871 00:49:30,067 --> 00:49:31,800 verges on 90 per cent. 872 00:49:32,470 --> 00:49:34,269 There is an adhesion amongst even the 873 00:49:34,405 --> 00:49:36,271 most fervent members of the opposition 874 00:49:36,407 --> 00:49:38,340 but Nationalism wins the day. 875 00:49:38,910 --> 00:49:40,843 Eduard Limonov is one of them, 876 00:49:40,978 --> 00:49:42,845 but also Sergei Udaltsov, 877 00:49:42,980 --> 00:49:47,015 a hero of the important anti Putin demonstrations in 2011, 878 00:49:47,150 --> 00:49:49,851 for which he paid 4 and a half years in prison. 879 00:49:50,087 --> 00:49:51,854 Like many Russians they too salute 880 00:49:51,989 --> 00:49:54,322 the result of the referendum in Crimea. 881 00:49:54,958 --> 00:49:58,427 It is the start of a Putin-mania which is still vibrant today. 882 00:49:58,860 --> 00:50:02,820 A man like Putin, who isn't unkind to me 883 00:50:08,340 --> 00:50:10,820 A man like Putin, who won't run away! 884 00:50:11,020 --> 00:50:13,460 A man like Putin, full of strength! 885 00:50:13,820 --> 00:50:16,340 A man like Putin, who doesn't drink, 886 00:50:16,780 --> 00:50:19,380 I want a man like Putin, who would never run away. 887 00:50:19,780 --> 00:50:22,140 A man like Putin, who wouldn't hurt me, 888 00:50:22,780 --> 00:50:25,500 A man like Putin, who doesnt run from a fight 889 00:50:31,260 --> 00:50:33,900 'Putin Victor', 'Putin Victorious', 890 00:50:34,100 --> 00:50:36,220 His power has matured. 891 00:50:36,420 --> 00:50:38,700 This means that, today, 892 00:50:38,740 --> 00:50:40,540 everything he touches turns to gold, 893 00:50:40,580 --> 00:50:43,060 with such popularity, with a population so united, 894 00:50:43,100 --> 00:50:44,000 he can do whatever he wants. 895 00:50:44,208 --> 00:50:46,108 After his power grab in Crimea 896 00:50:46,243 --> 00:50:48,444 Putin has managed to pull the country together 897 00:50:48,579 --> 00:50:50,612 but he has also disrupted the power balance 898 00:50:50,747 --> 00:50:52,081 between Russia and the West. 899 00:50:52,216 --> 00:50:54,249 The United States reacts in consequence. 900 00:50:54,451 --> 00:50:56,485 Today is a reminder that the United States 901 00:50:56,620 --> 00:50:57,920 means what it says 902 00:50:58,589 --> 00:51:00,755 and we will rally the international community 903 00:51:00,891 --> 00:51:02,291 in standing up 904 00:51:02,427 --> 00:51:05,261 for the rights and freedom of people around the world. 905 00:51:05,996 --> 00:51:07,263 Today, 906 00:51:07,565 --> 00:51:10,132 and building on the measures we announced two weeks ago, 907 00:51:10,267 --> 00:51:12,334 the United States is imposing new sanctions 908 00:51:12,470 --> 00:51:14,503 in key sectors of the Russian economy. 909 00:51:14,772 --> 00:51:16,404 The rouble plummets. 910 00:51:16,540 --> 00:51:18,474 The GDP drops by 6 cent. 911 00:51:19,076 --> 00:51:21,377 Numerous sanctions hit the country hard. 912 00:51:21,512 --> 00:51:23,278 They mainly affect the middle classes 913 00:51:23,414 --> 00:51:24,780 and the rural community. 914 00:51:24,949 --> 00:51:28,016 But natural resources and in particular, oil and gas, 915 00:51:28,151 --> 00:51:30,820 are strangely not concerned by the sanctions. 916 00:51:31,155 --> 00:51:33,121 A sign of the generalised hypocrisy 917 00:51:33,257 --> 00:51:35,791 in both Russian and Western policies. 918 00:51:37,294 --> 00:51:40,596 The issue is that Russia is the biggest supplier of Europe 919 00:51:40,731 --> 00:51:44,232 and there is no other country or group of countries 920 00:51:44,401 --> 00:51:49,371 that can replace the volume of Russia's exports to Europe. 921 00:51:49,840 --> 00:51:54,843 So in other words, Europe will always depend on Russia 922 00:51:54,978 --> 00:51:57,479 and Russia will be... will remain the biggest 923 00:51:57,615 --> 00:51:59,348 supplier of gas to Europe. 924 00:52:05,322 --> 00:52:08,991 No-one can support an all out, economic confrontation. 925 00:52:09,693 --> 00:52:12,027 Weakened, but supported by his electorate, 926 00:52:12,162 --> 00:52:15,497 Putin acts as if he is unperturbed by the sanctions, 927 00:52:15,633 --> 00:52:17,665 as for example when France refuses to 928 00:52:17,801 --> 00:52:19,635 deliver the two Mistral war ships, 929 00:52:19,770 --> 00:52:22,505 that Russia had already partly paid for. 930 00:52:23,820 --> 00:52:31,340 Quite frankly, it has no effect on our position of defence. 931 00:52:32,780 --> 00:52:37,220 We have mainly made contracts to support our associates 932 00:52:40,980 --> 00:52:48,580 and provide work for their shipyards. 933 00:52:49,620 --> 00:52:53,580 We will not impose penalties 934 00:52:56,340 --> 00:53:00,580 or excessive fines. 935 00:53:01,540 --> 00:53:06,780 We simply want our costs to be covered. 936 00:53:07,860 --> 00:53:10,580 Foreigners will never understand Russia. 937 00:53:10,980 --> 00:53:14,060 We want to thank you for your sanctions. 938 00:53:14,380 --> 00:53:17,780 We will increase production as instructed by our president. 939 00:53:18,020 --> 00:53:21,300 We are pro-active against such sabotage. 940 00:53:21,940 --> 00:53:23,420 We say to you amiably: 941 00:53:23,500 --> 00:53:25,100 we need nothing more from you as we do for our own 942 00:53:25,140 --> 00:53:27,740 McDonald's quality food is not to the taste standards of Russians. 943 00:53:28,260 --> 00:53:31,780 You have worn yourselves out imposing your sanctions. 944 00:53:32,420 --> 00:53:35,020 We will impose a total embargo on you! 945 00:53:35,279 --> 00:53:36,745 With pride rediscovered, 946 00:53:36,881 --> 00:53:39,548 the Russian people remain united behind their leader. 947 00:53:41,540 --> 00:53:44,380 The US and NATO now understand 948 00:53:45,100 --> 00:53:48,020 that we have no need for other nations, 949 00:53:49,180 --> 00:53:52,420 We don't steal from anybody, 950 00:53:53,060 --> 00:53:55,700 but we shall retake all land which is ultimately "our own". 951 00:54:00,604 --> 00:54:02,838 Despite the massive support of the population, 952 00:54:02,973 --> 00:54:06,108 Putin continues his repressive policies towards the opposition 953 00:54:06,244 --> 00:54:08,110 and groups whose values he considers 954 00:54:08,245 --> 00:54:10,345 incompatible with his policies. 955 00:54:14,260 --> 00:54:17,900 Putin's policy is very harsh domestically 956 00:54:17,940 --> 00:54:20,860 with regards to any opposition or uprising. 957 00:54:20,940 --> 00:54:23,020 This might seem surprising because he is 958 00:54:23,060 --> 00:54:26,700 very powerful and overwhelmingly popular 959 00:54:27,020 --> 00:54:28,340 Why does he do this? 960 00:54:28,500 --> 00:54:32,820 I think it's due to a profound fear of disorder. 961 00:54:34,140 --> 00:54:37,020 Putin has the impression that he's sitting on a volcano, 962 00:54:37,060 --> 00:54:39,300 He feels it because he knows that 963 00:54:39,340 --> 00:54:41,620 he is witnessing a changing society, 964 00:54:41,980 --> 00:54:45,500 a changing world, in which he is trying to adapt, 965 00:54:45,540 --> 00:54:47,340 and he is succeeding with regards to 966 00:54:47,380 --> 00:54:48,540 international politics. 967 00:54:48,580 --> 00:54:51,820 But how does one govern a society in the egalitarian minded 21st century? 968 00:54:52,140 --> 00:54:54,020 Not by using old regime methods. 969 00:54:55,700 --> 00:54:58,020 In this respect he still is a man with knowledge of historical values, 970 00:54:58,140 --> 00:55:01,340 so he responds accordingly - everyone does - with their own history in mind. 971 00:55:01,380 --> 00:55:03,300 He reacts with his experiential endowment: 972 00:55:03,340 --> 00:55:05,420 including unquestionably authoritarian seeming tactics 973 00:55:05,460 --> 00:55:07,820 the Soviet era was previously certainly no stranger to employing 974 00:55:08,100 --> 00:55:10,980 In Russia, the notion of force and power, 975 00:55:11,380 --> 00:55:15,420 of power and even absolute power 976 00:55:15,500 --> 00:55:17,260 are not unthinkable as required. 977 00:55:19,660 --> 00:55:21,980 For those who exalt Putin, 978 00:55:22,260 --> 00:55:27,940 they think that power even in civil society means at times some measure of autocracy too. 979 00:55:28,540 --> 00:55:31,420 One man who decides everything, and takes action... 980 00:55:31,740 --> 00:55:34,500 We can refer to the presence of of political opponents 981 00:55:34,540 --> 00:55:41,140 but it's impossible to speak of organised opposition forces, 982 00:55:41,420 --> 00:55:43,460 they don't exist. 983 00:55:44,940 --> 00:55:51,060 The aim of the Kremlin's policies is 984 00:55:52,020 --> 00:55:57,460 to nip in the bud any indication or form of particular kinds of political opposition. 985 00:55:58,255 --> 00:56:01,022 During the night of 27th February 2015, 986 00:56:01,391 --> 00:56:03,825 Boris Nemtsov, one of the most staunch members 987 00:56:03,961 --> 00:56:05,660 of the opposition, is killed, 988 00:56:05,795 --> 00:56:08,163 only a few yards from the Kremlin. 989 00:56:08,332 --> 00:56:10,331 The regime's violence is so fierce 990 00:56:10,467 --> 00:56:12,801 that the opposition has no hesitation 991 00:56:12,936 --> 00:56:15,070 in accusing Vladimir Putin. 992 00:56:19,060 --> 00:56:21,460 Boris Nemtsov dedicated his life to that. 993 00:56:21,500 --> 00:56:23,780 He unmasked criminals, 994 00:56:23,820 --> 00:56:27,260 it is said that this is why "they" hated him and gave the order to kill him. 995 00:56:27,620 --> 00:56:29,420 We are continuing the fight, 996 00:56:31,060 --> 00:56:34,380 our fight for Russia to become an even more democratic seeming State, 997 00:56:34,420 --> 00:56:36,900 in which all people will have the same rights and 998 00:56:36,940 --> 00:56:39,180 political freedom of a more liberal minded egalitarian quality. 999 00:56:41,331 --> 00:56:43,431 But a video filmed in a hotel room, 1000 00:56:43,567 --> 00:56:46,968 equipped with the usual FSB secret service technology, 1001 00:56:47,137 --> 00:56:48,970 is broadcast on television. 1002 00:56:49,339 --> 00:56:52,107 The very same Mikhail Kasyanov is filmed 1003 00:56:52,242 --> 00:56:55,677 in close detail with his mistress and personal assistant. 1004 00:56:56,113 --> 00:56:58,346 Apart from the sexual details of the video, 1005 00:56:58,482 --> 00:57:01,416 Kasyanov speaks of the other leaders of his opposition group 1006 00:57:01,552 --> 00:57:03,551 in extremely insulting terms. 1007 00:57:04,087 --> 00:57:06,188 The video undermines his credibility 1008 00:57:06,323 --> 00:57:08,757 and shatters his fragile contestation of Putin. 1009 00:57:10,140 --> 00:57:14,580 Today, only 5 to 7 per cent of the Russian people 1010 00:57:14,900 --> 00:57:19,660 consider themselves anti-Putin. 1011 00:57:20,540 --> 00:57:26,940 The majority of the Russian population do not believe 1012 00:57:27,460 --> 00:57:35,180 that freedom of speech is an indicator of development. 1013 00:57:38,660 --> 00:57:40,940 It's not that they don't want it. 1014 00:57:40,980 --> 00:57:43,780 It's just that they don't consider they are missing out under Putin 1015 00:57:43,820 --> 00:57:44,820 That's all. 1016 00:57:48,532 --> 00:57:50,532 Liberal individualism, such as that 1017 00:57:50,668 --> 00:57:52,901 experienced at the fall of the USSR, 1018 00:57:53,036 --> 00:57:57,172 was for the Russians synonymous with division and even chaos. 1019 00:57:57,608 --> 00:57:59,341 The present cohesion of the nation 1020 00:57:59,476 --> 00:58:01,409 evokes harmony and security. 1021 00:58:02,312 --> 00:58:05,380 Putin offers the Russians an all powerful chief 1022 00:58:05,515 --> 00:58:08,917 and unconditional values to devote themselves to. 1023 00:58:09,619 --> 00:58:13,789 After strength, religion is the system's second linchpin. 1024 00:58:15,420 --> 00:58:19,100 In the Soviet system, we were educated by the Communist Party 1025 00:58:19,500 --> 00:58:22,020 which offered us a ready made morality, 1026 00:58:22,140 --> 00:58:24,260 we knew what was good, what was bad 1027 00:58:24,300 --> 00:58:27,660 and people's lives were guided, which is reassuring. 1028 00:58:28,260 --> 00:58:30,380 Total freedom is very unsettling 1029 00:58:30,660 --> 00:58:33,140 and for Putin the prevailing Church, 1030 00:58:33,180 --> 00:58:36,180 which has been restored in all its splendour 1031 00:58:36,700 --> 00:58:39,500 and with its traditional authoritarianism, 1032 00:58:39,740 --> 00:58:42,700 has the merit of being a reasonable guide for society. 1033 00:58:50,420 --> 00:58:53,260 For Russian people, denying the orthodox 1034 00:58:53,300 --> 00:58:56,780 religion would mean denying too much embedded history, 1035 00:58:57,180 --> 00:58:59,700 its own seeming related traditions 1036 00:59:01,620 --> 00:59:06,300 but in fact, if the Soviet Union ended in disaster, 1037 00:59:06,940 --> 00:59:12,980 it's also because it rejected this specific religious ideology. 1038 00:59:14,020 --> 00:59:16,940 In order to gain support among the people, 1039 00:59:17,100 --> 00:59:18,780 it seems needed to profess religious orthodoxy 1040 00:59:18,940 --> 00:59:21,180 because Russian cultural relics are inclusive of orthodox 1041 00:59:21,220 --> 00:59:24,860 and orthodoxy has been at the roots of Russian state religious practice. 1042 00:59:25,020 --> 00:59:28,740 Without orthodoxy, the tzar would simply be impossible, 1043 00:59:28,780 --> 00:59:31,460 he would just be destroyed! 1044 00:59:35,620 --> 00:59:38,820 In the space of one generation, an atheist country has, 1045 00:59:38,860 --> 00:59:43,460 without difficulty, become a religious country. 1046 00:59:51,180 --> 00:59:52,900 This is part of the vast ensemble 1047 00:59:52,980 --> 00:59:54,940 that might be called power in Russia. 1048 00:59:55,020 --> 00:59:57,700 It has become increasingly present in 1049 00:59:57,940 --> 01:00:00,660 the public sectors and public debates. 1050 01:00:02,540 --> 01:00:05,860 Vladimir Putin focused on the church to represent 1051 01:00:06,020 --> 01:00:09,420 a moral authority that would guide Russia 1052 01:00:09,460 --> 01:00:12,700 along a path of collective adherence to values 1053 01:00:12,740 --> 01:00:15,100 which would be those of the state and society. 1054 01:00:15,300 --> 01:00:19,180 Today, many countries are reviewing their moral standards, 1055 01:00:19,300 --> 01:00:21,300 seeking to abolish their historical seeming norms and traditions 1056 01:00:21,340 --> 01:00:23,780 and the differences between nations and cultures. ("Cancel culture" etc.) 1057 01:00:23,900 --> 01:00:25,980 And we are aware that throughout the world 1058 01:00:26,020 --> 01:00:28,540 an increasing number of people support our approach 1059 01:00:28,580 --> 01:00:30,660 which aims to protect Russia's traditional values. 1060 01:00:31,500 --> 01:00:34,180 Of course, it involves a conservative approach. 1061 01:00:34,300 --> 01:00:36,260 The intent is to avoid the recurrence 1062 01:00:36,300 --> 01:00:38,180 of chaos and of a primitive state. 1063 01:00:41,300 --> 01:00:43,540 I would say that it's really the 1064 01:00:43,580 --> 01:00:45,780 centre of an ideological conflict, 1065 01:00:45,820 --> 01:00:47,900 in inverted commas, between a kind of 1066 01:00:47,940 --> 01:00:51,260 Russian conservatism and a Western liberalism 1067 01:00:51,620 --> 01:00:57,580 where we Westerners have a tendency to view Putinism 1068 01:00:58,780 --> 01:01:00,820 as something rather out of fashion, 1069 01:01:00,860 --> 01:01:02,660 outdated, and conservative, 1070 01:01:02,820 --> 01:01:05,740 and that Putinism upholds conservatism and says: 1071 01:01:05,780 --> 01:01:08,060 "It's you, the Western leaders 1072 01:01:08,260 --> 01:01:12,940 who are out of touch with Human reality 1073 01:01:13,140 --> 01:01:14,600 and with your own best people." 1074 01:01:14,738 --> 01:01:16,838 In his ideological counter-attack, 1075 01:01:16,973 --> 01:01:18,773 Putin supports parties that denounce 1076 01:01:18,908 --> 01:01:22,243 the supranatural aspects of the European Union. 1077 01:01:23,013 --> 01:01:24,779 They share a very conservative vision 1078 01:01:24,915 --> 01:01:26,681 on standards of behaviour, 1079 01:01:26,850 --> 01:01:29,083 in particular concerning homosexuality, 1080 01:01:29,219 --> 01:01:30,819 the family and religion. 1081 01:01:32,289 --> 01:01:35,357 Like Putin, they loudly denounce western universalism, 1082 01:01:35,526 --> 01:01:37,258 which can only lead to the crumbling 1083 01:01:37,394 --> 01:01:39,594 of the social fabric and decadence. 1084 01:01:42,031 --> 01:01:44,332 If Putin supports the nationalist parties, 1085 01:01:44,467 --> 01:01:47,903 paradoxically, he also supports the leaders of a radical left, 1086 01:01:48,238 --> 01:01:51,039 where his anti-liberal views find an echo. 1087 01:01:51,308 --> 01:01:54,475 His shadow hangs over the whole Greek crisis. 1088 01:01:55,011 --> 01:01:56,711 Putin is a seducer, 1089 01:01:57,547 --> 01:02:01,283 for some he has become, "Putin, the bearer of hope". 1090 01:02:03,420 --> 01:02:07,020 As these parties gain popularity, 1091 01:02:07,660 --> 01:02:10,900 in both France and other European countries, 1092 01:02:11,460 --> 01:02:16,900 it is beneficial for Putin's strategy, 1093 01:02:16,980 --> 01:02:19,060 a strategy which consists of dividing 1094 01:02:19,100 --> 01:02:22,020 Europe by all possible means, 1095 01:02:23,340 --> 01:02:27,300 The aim is to distance Europe from the US. 1096 01:02:27,780 --> 01:02:30,820 and exploit the divergences between European countries. 1097 01:02:31,100 --> 01:02:33,260 The weaker a European government is, 1098 01:02:33,300 --> 01:02:35,500 the better it will be for Putin. 1099 01:02:38,855 --> 01:02:41,923 At a time when party leaders who support the same values as him 1100 01:02:42,059 --> 01:02:44,392 cut themselves off in their xenophobia, 1101 01:02:44,527 --> 01:02:46,261 Putin claims he will free the world 1102 01:02:46,396 --> 01:02:47,962 from the shock of civilisations 1103 01:02:48,097 --> 01:02:50,364 and protect it from new wars of religion. 1104 01:02:50,633 --> 01:02:54,202 After being the grave digger of post totalitarian utopias, 1105 01:02:54,337 --> 01:02:58,039 he is now attired as the Grand organiser of world peace. 1106 01:03:14,657 --> 01:03:17,425 A turn around which may appear astonishing for Putin 1107 01:03:17,561 --> 01:03:21,029 who presented himself as pro-European and even pro-NATO 1108 01:03:21,164 --> 01:03:23,064 when he first came to power. 1109 01:03:24,100 --> 01:03:26,220 Putin considered it necessary to 1110 01:03:26,260 --> 01:03:28,940 reassess the organisation of the world 1111 01:03:29,060 --> 01:03:30,900 and this conviction emerged when he 1112 01:03:30,940 --> 01:03:33,180 became aware that geopolitics has changed, 1113 01:03:33,300 --> 01:03:35,780 that global equilibriums are no longer the same, 1114 01:03:35,860 --> 01:03:38,220 that Europe is no longer decisive in the world, 1115 01:03:38,300 --> 01:03:39,340 that's finished. 1116 01:03:39,500 --> 01:03:42,220 That economically seeming, inertia seems inexorably heading towards Asia, 1117 01:03:42,660 --> 01:03:44,020 due to the assimilated power of China, 1118 01:03:44,060 --> 01:03:45,860 over too the expansion of the Muslim world, 1119 01:03:46,020 --> 01:03:49,140 and this is where Putin moved from a potential, 1120 01:03:49,180 --> 01:03:52,900 pragmatic threat, to a political redefinition. 1121 01:03:53,597 --> 01:03:55,497 Within Russia there exists 1122 01:03:55,632 --> 01:03:57,232 a mosaic of peoples and cultures 1123 01:03:57,367 --> 01:03:58,899 that makes it a model of cohesion 1124 01:03:59,035 --> 01:04:00,669 for bordering countries. 1125 01:04:00,938 --> 01:04:02,870 At the present time, Europe is obsessed 1126 01:04:03,006 --> 01:04:05,072 with the question of identity. 1127 01:04:05,208 --> 01:04:07,508 Putin proposes an alternative based 1128 01:04:07,643 --> 01:04:09,878 on tolerance and multiculturalism, 1129 01:04:10,280 --> 01:04:13,048 where Islam holds its own specific place. 1130 01:04:15,140 --> 01:04:18,060 When you notice how polite to the orthodox religious movement Putin is, 1131 01:04:18,620 --> 01:04:22,260 it's astonishing to see him fraternising 1132 01:04:22,300 --> 01:04:24,300 in such a way with other religions. 1133 01:04:24,340 --> 01:04:25,540 That's what's important. 1134 01:04:25,620 --> 01:04:28,380 It's impossible to understand if you forget that Russia 1135 01:04:28,460 --> 01:04:31,260 is also a multi-religious sect country. 1136 01:04:32,260 --> 01:04:35,540 The construction of even the first mosque in Moscow 1137 01:04:35,740 --> 01:04:38,820 displays a tolerance to show that Islam 1138 01:04:38,860 --> 01:04:40,620 was one of Soviet era significant religious influence in some parts. 1139 01:04:40,777 --> 01:04:43,278 On this basis, Putin considers 1140 01:04:43,413 --> 01:04:45,613 that Russia has a historic mission to fulfil 1141 01:04:45,749 --> 01:04:49,384 as mediator between the Western and the Muslim worlds. 1142 01:04:51,620 --> 01:04:53,980 Russia too has always been a multi-ethnic 1143 01:04:54,020 --> 01:04:55,820 and even somewhat multi-religious country. 1144 01:04:55,940 --> 01:04:57,500 We created it like this. 1145 01:04:58,100 --> 01:05:02,180 The mutual cultural, traditional and religious enrichment 1146 01:05:02,420 --> 01:05:09,460 is the strength and originality of our common country, Russia. 1147 01:05:11,274 --> 01:05:14,141 By promoting the idea of a multicultural world, 1148 01:05:14,277 --> 01:05:16,978 Putin's aim is to fight radical Islamism, 1149 01:05:17,113 --> 01:05:19,413 which he considers a threat for his own country 1150 01:05:19,549 --> 01:05:21,249 and for the rest of the world. 1151 01:05:21,918 --> 01:05:23,618 He hasn't forgotten how the Soviets 1152 01:05:23,753 --> 01:05:25,353 were routed out of Afghanistan, 1153 01:05:25,489 --> 01:05:27,054 when the prestigious Red Army was 1154 01:05:27,190 --> 01:05:29,324 beaten to the ground by the Mujahideen. 1155 01:05:29,593 --> 01:05:32,693 Or again in Chechnya, after the war against Putin, 1156 01:05:32,829 --> 01:05:35,363 the Wahhabites, backed by Saudi Arabia, 1157 01:05:35,498 --> 01:05:38,232 planned to found a Caucasian emirate. 1158 01:05:38,635 --> 01:05:42,403 So Islam, yes, but not just any Islam, 1159 01:05:42,872 --> 01:05:45,439 one that would accept to exist with other religions 1160 01:05:45,575 --> 01:05:47,108 and submit to the state, 1161 01:05:47,410 --> 01:05:48,810 to a powerful state. 1162 01:05:52,282 --> 01:05:54,916 After Tunisia, Egypt and and Libya, 1163 01:05:55,285 --> 01:05:59,020 Syria is shaken in its turn by a wave of contestation. 1164 01:06:00,156 --> 01:06:03,123 The repression is ferocious and immediate. 1165 01:06:03,693 --> 01:06:05,660 Bashar al-Assad is at the head 1166 01:06:05,795 --> 01:06:08,730 of a multi-confessional but despotic state 1167 01:06:09,166 --> 01:06:11,866 and a key ally for Putin in the region. 1168 01:06:17,020 --> 01:06:19,940 Russia is a highly influential nation in Syria, 1169 01:06:20,100 --> 01:06:22,580 the alliance dates back to the '70s 1170 01:06:23,300 --> 01:06:25,460 and is a military and political alliance. 1171 01:06:25,540 --> 01:06:29,100 Cynically but incredulously though, somehow considered by a few as an arms market for Russian weapons but most of all, 1172 01:06:29,140 --> 01:06:31,460 it's the only place outside Russia 1173 01:06:31,700 --> 01:06:33,500 where it has maintained its bases out of need. 1174 01:06:33,540 --> 01:06:35,940 Particularly since it lies on the Mediterranean, 1175 01:06:35,980 --> 01:06:38,260 which is fundamental for the Russians. 1176 01:06:38,500 --> 01:06:40,940 But this view has shifted because 1177 01:06:40,980 --> 01:06:43,700 it corresponds to a period when Westerners 1178 01:06:43,740 --> 01:06:47,020 still impertinently regarded Russia as somehow without real insignificance on stage. 1179 01:06:47,700 --> 01:06:50,220 "What we're about to do in Syria won't please them, 1180 01:06:50,300 --> 01:06:51,620 but we don't give a damn." 1181 01:06:51,780 --> 01:06:56,580 For example, when we observe the Middle East and North Africa, 1182 01:06:57,140 --> 01:06:59,660 we witness the terrible consequences 1183 01:06:59,700 --> 01:07:03,140 of this forced standardization 1184 01:07:03,740 --> 01:07:04,940 It's unbelievable. 1185 01:07:06,020 --> 01:07:09,380 But unfortunately, it wasn't really a lesson 1186 01:07:09,460 --> 01:07:12,620 to many Western politicians. 1187 01:07:12,660 --> 01:07:15,900 There are still a lot of them promoting a 1188 01:07:15,980 --> 01:07:19,700 globalisation based on a unique model. 1189 01:07:21,438 --> 01:07:25,039 It is in the Middle east, at the heart of Islamic fundamentalism, 1190 01:07:25,175 --> 01:07:27,841 that Putin plans to defend his model. 1191 01:07:28,411 --> 01:07:30,344 While the West defends the Arab Spring 1192 01:07:30,480 --> 01:07:32,480 and the people's dream for democracy, 1193 01:07:32,616 --> 01:07:35,716 the head of the Kremlin defends authoritarian regimes 1194 01:07:35,851 --> 01:07:39,287 that he sees as bastions against radical Islamism. 1195 01:07:40,980 --> 01:07:42,500 We need to distinguish the 1196 01:07:42,540 --> 01:07:44,540 philosophical idea of universalism, 1197 01:07:44,980 --> 01:07:48,380 which is indisputable, and the methods used to impose it. 1198 01:07:48,900 --> 01:07:53,780 When this situation occurred during the Arab Spring, 1199 01:07:54,340 --> 01:07:57,380 many Westerners thought, this is great, 1200 01:07:57,980 --> 01:08:00,380 it will finally show that Arabs and Muslims 1201 01:08:00,420 --> 01:08:03,220 are able to develop their own theocracy - yet seeming democracy of a sort, 1202 01:08:03,300 --> 01:08:04,980 so we must apparently support this idea. 1203 01:08:05,060 --> 01:08:08,660 So in Syria, we will be on the right side of history. 1204 01:08:09,060 --> 01:08:11,180 We will be on the side of good 1205 01:08:11,460 --> 01:08:15,660 and we must establish "democracy" (Islamic theocracy in actuality) rapidly in Syria at all costs. 1206 01:08:16,180 --> 01:08:17,580 And there we see Westerners, 1207 01:08:17,620 --> 01:08:19,740 in particular Americans and the French, 1208 01:08:19,780 --> 01:08:22,020 very supportive, desiring and 1209 01:08:22,060 --> 01:08:24,740 announcing the collapse of the regime, 1210 01:08:25,340 --> 01:08:28,420 which was visibly a cruel and repressive regime. 1211 01:08:28,700 --> 01:08:32,700 So it was announced, but it didn't quite work that way. 1212 01:08:33,100 --> 01:08:35,860 Many Christians in Syria thought, "Be careful, 1213 01:08:35,900 --> 01:08:38,540 it's a cruel regime but the next one will be worse, 1214 01:08:39,020 --> 01:08:40,500 because it will be Islamists" 1215 01:08:40,540 --> 01:08:42,660 And the French and other European countries 1216 01:08:42,700 --> 01:08:44,660 said "No they will be Syrian democrats." 1217 01:08:44,700 --> 01:08:47,780 And others replied, "We would like them to be Syrian democrats 1218 01:08:47,820 --> 01:08:50,060 but there's little chance of them succeeding. 1219 01:08:50,300 --> 01:08:53,580 All of Saddam Hussein's followers, his officers, 1220 01:08:53,980 --> 01:08:57,860 his bodyguards and even those who gained from the system, 1221 01:08:58,140 --> 01:09:01,420 the soldiers or security guards, 1222 01:09:01,940 --> 01:09:03,700 were sent home. 1223 01:09:04,180 --> 01:09:07,820 Obviously, this was a boon for radical groups, 1224 01:09:08,260 --> 01:09:11,700 who could try to integrate them. 1225 01:09:11,940 --> 01:09:16,140 They turned up with their fighting expertise, 1226 01:09:16,300 --> 01:09:21,980 and created a powerful core amidst these radical groups. 1227 01:09:22,580 --> 01:09:24,860 ...the order of the day has been adopted. 1228 01:09:24,994 --> 01:09:27,962 Putin can perhaps win the diplomatic war in Syria 1229 01:09:28,098 --> 01:09:31,099 but using his veto at the UN and blocking the situation 1230 01:09:31,234 --> 01:09:34,101 has enabled the rise in power of Islamist extremists 1231 01:09:34,236 --> 01:09:37,404 brought to Syria to fight the opposition to Assad. 1232 01:09:37,773 --> 01:09:40,641 The consequence is a minority group of jihadists 1233 01:09:40,776 --> 01:09:43,911 who in less than a year have become a powerful army, 1234 01:09:44,047 --> 01:09:46,948 capable of acting outside their territory. 1235 01:09:49,852 --> 01:09:52,820 The West, led by the United States and France, 1236 01:09:52,955 --> 01:09:55,456 is ready intervene to help the rebellion 1237 01:09:55,592 --> 01:09:58,826 and destitute Assad In the name of human rights. 1238 01:09:59,295 --> 01:10:01,262 Posing as the defender of peace, 1239 01:10:01,397 --> 01:10:04,966 Russia merely blocks all UN resolutions in that direction. 1240 01:10:05,935 --> 01:10:08,836 For Putin and his allies, Western interference 1241 01:10:08,972 --> 01:10:12,807 is directly responsible for the chaos in Iraq and Libya. 1242 01:10:15,411 --> 01:10:16,744 - Those against? 1243 01:10:20,416 --> 01:10:22,517 - The United States is disgusted 1244 01:10:23,053 --> 01:10:25,386 that a couple members of this council 1245 01:10:25,689 --> 01:10:27,188 continue to prevent us 1246 01:10:27,691 --> 01:10:30,425 from fulfilling our sole purpose here, 1247 01:10:31,194 --> 01:10:34,229 addressing an ever deepening crisis in Syria 1248 01:10:35,098 --> 01:10:36,531 and a growing threat 1249 01:10:36,833 --> 01:10:39,267 to regional peace and security. 1250 01:10:40,940 --> 01:10:42,860 In the same way as the Russians, 1251 01:10:43,580 --> 01:10:46,260 we found ourselves faced with structural antagonism. 1252 01:10:46,340 --> 01:10:49,340 The US didn't want China to become a force 1253 01:10:49,420 --> 01:10:52,460 capable of challenging their global hegemony. 1254 01:10:52,940 --> 01:10:55,540 So the US deployed various measures of 1255 01:10:55,580 --> 01:10:57,980 coercion and containment upon China. 1256 01:11:00,657 --> 01:11:02,623 Russia is unfairly excluded from the G8 1257 01:11:02,758 --> 01:11:04,925 after the rejoining with Crimea. 1258 01:11:05,127 --> 01:11:07,995 One year later, Vladimir Putin gets his revenge 1259 01:11:08,131 --> 01:11:11,866 when he reunites 15 heads of state during a double summit 1260 01:11:12,001 --> 01:11:15,202 of the BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. 1261 01:11:15,571 --> 01:11:17,905 European and American authorities have 1262 01:11:18,040 --> 01:11:20,174 repeatedly announced that Vladimir Putin 1263 01:11:20,309 --> 01:11:22,043 was politically isolated, 1264 01:11:22,612 --> 01:11:25,780 but it would seem they have failed to reach their goal. 1265 01:11:29,100 --> 01:11:32,260 1,300 dead and hundreds of wounded is be the latest figure 1266 01:11:32,300 --> 01:11:33,900 of the chemical weapon attack 1267 01:11:33,940 --> 01:11:36,460 led by the Syrian regime in an area of Damascus. 1268 01:11:36,700 --> 01:11:40,540 Children are crying, holding rags over their mouths and noses 1269 01:11:41,060 --> 01:11:43,000 Behind me, somebody is yelling: "God is great!" 1270 01:11:43,299 --> 01:11:45,432 That we are ready to move forward together... 1271 01:11:45,568 --> 01:11:47,601 From the outset of the conflict, 1272 01:11:47,737 --> 01:11:50,904 the Obama administration warned that the use of chemical weapons 1273 01:11:51,040 --> 01:11:52,840 was a limit not to be crossed; 1274 01:11:52,975 --> 01:11:55,376 and that a chemical attack by the Syrian government 1275 01:11:55,512 --> 01:11:58,279 would result in an immediate riposte from the Pentagon. 1276 01:11:59,548 --> 01:12:02,783 Putin obtains the Syrian disarmament of this arsenal, 1277 01:12:03,052 --> 01:12:04,985 his first diplomatic victory. 1278 01:12:05,354 --> 01:12:09,123 He is now a credible partner, if not yet on equal grounds. 1279 01:12:09,993 --> 01:12:12,427 Moscow has obtained a victory on the ground, 1280 01:12:12,562 --> 01:12:14,962 but the regular Syrian army is retreating 1281 01:12:15,098 --> 01:12:18,099 despite the Russian military experts at their side. 1282 01:12:18,401 --> 01:12:21,469 Armed factions and combatants are multiplying. 1283 01:12:21,604 --> 01:12:23,237 and ISIS and Al Nusra are 1284 01:12:23,372 --> 01:12:25,505 rapidly amplifying their numbers 1285 01:12:25,641 --> 01:12:29,043 to the detriment of the democratic opposition to Assad. 1286 01:12:32,460 --> 01:12:34,460 ...one of the key organisations. 1287 01:12:34,580 --> 01:12:36,540 The Americans have armed a significant 1288 01:12:36,580 --> 01:12:39,500 faction of the opposition. 1289 01:12:39,740 --> 01:12:41,660 Is there a specialist in Arabic to help 1290 01:12:41,700 --> 01:12:43,620 me with the pronunciation of the name? 1291 01:12:43,660 --> 01:12:44,820 The Al Nusra Front? 1292 01:12:45,100 --> 01:12:46,500 - That's it, Al Nusra 1293 01:12:47,420 --> 01:12:50,900 This is one of the major Syrian opposition organisations. 1294 01:12:51,420 --> 01:12:53,540 The US State Department has confirmed that 1295 01:12:53,580 --> 01:12:56,100 it is a terrorist organisation linked to Al-Qaeda. 1296 01:12:56,140 --> 01:12:58,100 And the Al Nusra Front does not deny it. 1297 01:13:01,060 --> 01:13:03,660 Do they want it to merge with the future government? 1298 01:13:03,700 --> 01:13:04,700 Of course not. 1299 01:13:04,740 --> 01:13:07,460 So are you going to ward them off like flies? 1300 01:13:07,580 --> 01:13:08,580 No. 1301 01:13:09,619 --> 01:13:11,619 In view of attitude of the West, 1302 01:13:11,754 --> 01:13:13,620 in September 2015, 1303 01:13:13,923 --> 01:13:18,259 Vladimir Putin decides to go one step further in his commitment. 1304 01:13:18,962 --> 01:13:21,262 Instead of the triumph of democracy and progress 1305 01:13:21,397 --> 01:13:25,199 we have violence, poverty, and social disaster. 1306 01:13:26,836 --> 01:13:28,669 I would like to ask those who are 1307 01:13:28,804 --> 01:13:30,905 responsible for this situation: 1308 01:13:31,574 --> 01:13:34,308 are you now aware of what you have done? 1309 01:13:36,045 --> 01:13:38,779 The flag of the Islamic State has already 1310 01:13:38,915 --> 01:13:41,815 federated tens of thousands of combatants. 1311 01:13:41,951 --> 01:13:44,751 Among them, former Iraqi soldiers, 1312 01:13:44,887 --> 01:13:49,690 thrown into the streets in the wake of the 2003 invasion. 1313 01:13:50,993 --> 01:13:53,627 They are now joined by members of 1314 01:13:53,762 --> 01:13:56,697 the "moderate Syrian opposition" 1315 01:13:57,933 --> 01:14:04,539 which was armed, trained and supported by West. 1316 01:14:05,808 --> 01:14:09,076 This is not about the ambitions of Russia, 1317 01:14:09,812 --> 01:14:11,979 but of the fact that we will no longer 1318 01:14:12,115 --> 01:14:14,649 tolerate this management of global affairs. 1319 01:14:18,588 --> 01:14:19,854 Russia ventures, 1320 01:14:19,989 --> 01:14:22,456 for the first time since the collapse of the USSR, 1321 01:14:22,591 --> 01:14:25,759 to use military force outside its own domain. 1322 01:14:26,696 --> 01:14:29,830 Fighter planes and helicopters, of the latest generation, 1323 01:14:29,966 --> 01:14:32,466 brutally invade the Syrian airspace. 1324 01:14:33,369 --> 01:14:36,103 The Russian army's offensive is particularly ferocious 1325 01:14:36,238 --> 01:14:37,471 and is massive, 1326 01:14:38,040 --> 01:14:41,542 using carpet bombs, similar to the ones used in Chechnya, 1327 01:14:41,678 --> 01:14:43,377 the Russian operation targets 1328 01:14:43,512 --> 01:14:45,880 all the forces engaged against the regime, 1329 01:14:46,015 --> 01:14:48,715 and enables Bashar al-Assad to re-conquer 1330 01:14:48,851 --> 01:14:51,285 a great number of lost territories. 1331 01:15:09,580 --> 01:15:12,540 Russian diplomacy is very much a diplomacy in response 1332 01:15:12,620 --> 01:15:14,900 to what the West might or might not do. 1333 01:15:15,060 --> 01:15:16,940 I think that the intervention in Syria 1334 01:15:17,020 --> 01:15:21,620 was largely motivated by Western delays, 1335 01:15:21,660 --> 01:15:23,700 which lasted for two, even three years, 1336 01:15:23,740 --> 01:15:25,740 What should we do? What do we want? 1337 01:15:25,780 --> 01:15:30,380 So for several months, and even as we speak, we are witnessing 1338 01:15:30,860 --> 01:15:33,340 a form of re-entrance of Westerners 1339 01:15:33,860 --> 01:15:35,260 into the real world 1340 01:15:35,660 --> 01:15:38,220 And in the real world, they can't overthrow Assad. 1341 01:15:38,334 --> 01:15:40,267 The efficiency and violence 1342 01:15:40,402 --> 01:15:43,704 of the Russian air strikes force the Islamic rebels to retreat. 1343 01:15:43,839 --> 01:15:46,140 The numbers of civilian victims are high 1344 01:15:46,275 --> 01:15:48,542 but Putin obtains a prestigious victory in 1345 01:15:48,677 --> 01:15:51,445 liberating the antique jewel of Palmyra. 1346 01:16:09,164 --> 01:16:11,265 With its management of the Syrian conflict, 1347 01:16:11,400 --> 01:16:13,834 Russia has displayed its renewed military strength 1348 01:16:13,970 --> 01:16:16,970 and its capacity to assume the security of its allies. 1349 01:16:17,573 --> 01:16:19,072 In the eyes of the West 1350 01:16:19,208 --> 01:16:22,109 it has confirmed itself as a major world player. 1351 01:16:32,060 --> 01:16:34,540 Currently, the centre of gravity has 1352 01:16:34,580 --> 01:16:37,740 switched to other region of the world. 1353 01:16:38,500 --> 01:16:40,740 China is "progressing", India is "progressing", (economically speaking that is) 1354 01:16:40,780 --> 01:16:43,140 Latin America and Africa are both progressing! 1355 01:16:43,180 --> 01:16:45,020 But Europe is not developing. 1356 01:16:45,100 --> 01:16:49,780 The US is a predominant but failing force, 1357 01:16:49,900 --> 01:16:51,900 clinging to its possibilities, 1358 01:16:51,940 --> 01:16:54,820 but the wind of change has already begun. 1359 01:16:56,279 --> 01:16:58,178 Putin has succeeded in placing 1360 01:16:58,314 --> 01:16:59,980 his pieces on the world chessboard, 1361 01:17:00,115 --> 01:17:02,682 showing he can carry his weight in crucial conflicts 1362 01:17:02,818 --> 01:17:04,318 and has perhaps avoided an 1363 01:17:04,453 --> 01:17:07,088 open regional conflict in the Middle East. 1364 01:17:08,090 --> 01:17:09,890 By continuing to arm and support 1365 01:17:10,025 --> 01:17:12,259 Russian speaking separatists in the Donbass, 1366 01:17:12,395 --> 01:17:14,261 Russia will be present for a long time 1367 01:17:14,396 --> 01:17:16,530 in Ukraine through a proxy war. 1368 01:17:18,167 --> 01:17:19,934 Far from the Syrian battle fields, 1369 01:17:20,069 --> 01:17:23,404 Ukrainians continue to fight for their independence. 1370 01:17:25,060 --> 01:17:28,180 Putin doesn't intend to obtain major victories 1371 01:17:28,260 --> 01:17:31,100 in Ukraine or to impinge on its territory. 1372 01:17:31,647 --> 01:17:34,849 A war of which no one can imagine the conclusion. 1373 01:17:36,340 --> 01:17:41,140 We are a kind of Christian Taliban. 1374 01:17:41,660 --> 01:17:44,460 I will consider my mission accomplished 1375 01:17:44,500 --> 01:17:46,900 when I witness the ruins of the Kremlin. 1376 01:17:51,700 --> 01:17:54,660 I can well understand that Europe won't help us. 1377 01:17:54,740 --> 01:17:56,620 It has no intention of helping us 1378 01:17:56,660 --> 01:17:59,380 and to tell the truth, it has no obligation to do so. 1379 01:18:00,020 --> 01:18:02,820 It is our war, it is our misfortune. 1380 01:18:16,926 --> 01:18:18,558 The more Russia is attacked by the 1381 01:18:18,694 --> 01:18:20,494 liberal so-called "intelligentsia" and equally by such minded Western based politicians, 1382 01:18:20,629 --> 01:18:23,464 the more it relies on populist movements everywhere. 1383 01:18:23,599 --> 01:18:26,066 Traversing frontiers Vladimir Putin has even become 1384 01:18:26,201 --> 01:18:28,268 a reference for his worst enemy: 1385 01:18:28,404 --> 01:18:30,437 The United States of America. 1386 01:18:31,006 --> 01:18:32,505 If he says great things about me, 1387 01:18:32,641 --> 01:18:34,441 I'm gonna say great things about him. 1388 01:18:34,577 --> 01:18:37,111 I've already said he is really very much of a leader, 1389 01:18:37,246 --> 01:18:39,680 I mean you can say "oh, isn't it a terrible thing?" 1390 01:18:39,815 --> 01:18:42,115 The man has a very strong control over a country, 1391 01:18:42,251 --> 01:18:45,486 he's been a leader far more than our President has been a leader. 1392 01:18:46,055 --> 01:18:50,257 You called him is brilliant, outstanding, talented. 1393 01:18:53,380 --> 01:18:56,220 I just said he was a brilliant and a colourful candidate. 1394 01:18:56,340 --> 01:18:57,580 Don't you think so? 1395 01:18:58,140 --> 01:18:59,140 I do. 1396 01:19:04,306 --> 01:19:06,573 After the collapse of the USSR, 1397 01:19:06,708 --> 01:19:09,509 people thought the world would now be a unipolar one, 1398 01:19:09,645 --> 01:19:11,545 inducing peace and stability. 1399 01:19:12,047 --> 01:19:14,114 But since then the myth has dissolved 1400 01:19:14,249 --> 01:19:16,650 and fears have replaced that conviction. 1401 01:19:23,259 --> 01:19:25,659 Are we going to see a real disruption of the world order 1402 01:19:25,794 --> 01:19:27,827 at a time when Western universalism, 1403 01:19:27,963 --> 01:19:29,463 defending humanist values, 1404 01:19:29,598 --> 01:19:31,698 is sowing death and destruction; 1405 01:19:31,834 --> 01:19:34,401 when it is exacerbating rank social inequalities 1406 01:19:34,537 --> 01:19:35,869 and injustice, 1407 01:19:36,271 --> 01:19:39,440 when it is pushing peoples towards populist models? 1408 01:19:46,140 --> 01:19:48,260 So, are we going to witness a major 1409 01:19:48,780 --> 01:19:52,420 realistic policy resurfacing in the West, 1410 01:19:53,260 --> 01:19:54,740 tied to its own values, 1411 01:19:55,220 --> 01:19:58,180 yet refraining from imposing it every morning on the world, 1412 01:19:58,540 --> 01:20:01,060 accepting an evolving partnership, 1413 01:20:01,660 --> 01:20:03,940 whose role would be to assist Russia, 1414 01:20:04,020 --> 01:20:06,300 to overcome "obsessional complexes" 1415 01:20:06,340 --> 01:20:08,300 and aim for an "alternative" seeming future? 1416 01:20:08,540 --> 01:20:10,100 This is what we hope for. 1417 01:20:11,938 --> 01:20:13,472 We are glad to announce billionaire, 1418 01:20:13,774 --> 01:20:15,943 and everybody's favourite, Donald Trump, 1419 01:20:16,312 --> 01:20:18,779 has won the American presidential election. 1420 01:20:20,140 --> 01:20:22,420 In wanting to restore the former Cold War 1421 01:20:22,460 --> 01:20:28,060 and to sustain mental images of the Cold War before '91, 1422 01:20:28,860 --> 01:20:32,620 we are hindering the analysis of the prevailing new Cold War. 1423 01:20:33,540 --> 01:20:37,020 You must abandon the framework of the previous Cold War 1424 01:20:37,060 --> 01:20:39,340 in order to understand what's happening today, 1425 01:20:39,380 --> 01:20:41,620 which is not about conflict between two 1426 01:20:41,700 --> 01:20:44,020 superpowers that are governing the world 1427 01:20:44,060 --> 01:20:46,460 but clearly of a much more complex world. 1428 01:20:53,580 --> 01:20:56,700 I congratulate Donald Trump on his victory. 1429 01:20:58,700 --> 01:21:03,900 We paid great attention to his election campaign. 1430 01:21:05,820 --> 01:21:10,260 We are aware that this will be a difficult task 1431 01:21:10,740 --> 01:21:14,380 in light of the deterioration in our current relations, 1432 01:21:16,420 --> 01:21:18,900 but Russia is willing to reconstruct 1433 01:21:18,940 --> 01:21:21,980 all aspects of our relations. 1434 01:21:32,922 --> 01:21:35,021 Moscow has played an active 1435 01:21:35,157 --> 01:21:37,624 and important role in international negotiations, 1436 01:21:37,759 --> 01:21:41,128 including the accord with Iran to cease nuclear production. 1437 01:21:42,932 --> 01:21:46,066 Could solutions now be found for Syria or Ukraine, 1438 01:21:46,201 --> 01:21:48,568 and other international hotspots? 1439 01:21:48,804 --> 01:21:50,437 This remains to be seen. 1440 01:21:51,774 --> 01:21:54,274 Today, responsibility for the world's future 1441 01:21:54,409 --> 01:21:58,511 lies on the shoulders of the United States, Europe, China, 1442 01:21:58,880 --> 01:22:00,381 and of course Russia. 1443 01:22:01,817 --> 01:22:03,417 The United States and Russia 1444 01:22:03,552 --> 01:22:05,051 will probably remain enemies forever, 1445 01:22:05,187 --> 01:22:07,220 whoever their leaders may be. 1446 01:22:07,556 --> 01:22:11,959 Maintaining reciprocal hostility serves their domestic policies. 1447 01:22:14,764 --> 01:22:17,063 China, will methodically and unilaterally 1448 01:22:17,199 --> 01:22:19,899 use its economic power and military strength, 1449 01:22:20,035 --> 01:22:21,601 to establish what it considers 1450 01:22:21,737 --> 01:22:24,471 its zone of influence: the China Seas. 1451 01:22:25,841 --> 01:22:28,541 Europe is perhaps the only entity capable 1452 01:22:28,677 --> 01:22:31,044 of changing the rules of the game. 1453 01:22:31,247 --> 01:22:34,315 But, without renouncing any of its fundamental values, 1454 01:22:34,450 --> 01:22:36,917 it has to have the necessary intelligence 1455 01:22:37,052 --> 01:22:38,585 and strength to do so. 1456 01:22:41,656 --> 01:22:42,823 I won't stop 1457 01:22:44,726 --> 01:22:46,660 Until I win... 1458 01:22:52,033 --> 01:22:53,300 Yay! Putin. 1459 01:22:54,034 --> 01:22:58,034 video supplied with sync improvements and with captions editing by eurohumanist.org 1460 01:22:58,058 --> 01:23:08,058 (originally from itunes USA download facility) 112451

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