All language subtitles for Parenthood.2025.S01E04.1080p.BluRay.x264-ATTENBY_track3_[eng]

(bright music)

(bright music continues)

(shell cracking)

(hatchlings squeaking)

(gentle music)

— [David Attenborough] Deep underground,
Amazon turtle hatchlings

are waiting for rain.

(thunder rumbling)

They need just the right amount

to soften the sand to dig themselves free.

(gentle music)

Their mothers are waiting
nearby in the river.

(thunder rumbling)

Too little rain, and they will be trapped.

Too much, and they will drown.

(bright music)

Life cannot exist without water,

but too much or too little
can be disastrous

and it can change in an instant.

If they are to succeed

in spite of fresh water's
constant changes,

parents everywhere must adapt.

In the Amazon's dry season,
huge sandbanks appear.

In three months' time,
the annual rains will return

and submerge the banks once more.

(water gurgling)

Now is the giant Amazon
river turtle's opportunity

to lay eggs,

but she must get the timing right.

Other turtle mothers are gathering,

waiting to lay their eggs.

(bright music)

This is the biggest gathering

of fresh water turtles on the planet.

(sand rustling)

The exposed banks remind the females

that now is the right time to nest.

When one finds a place that suits her,

she lays nearly 100 eggs
a metre beneath the surface.

(sand rustling) (bright music)

She has made her best guess

as to the right time to nest this year.

Now, she needs the rain
to match her predictions.

(insects chirping)

Six weeks pass.

The sun has baked the sand
above the eggs

into a protective crust,

but the rainclouds arrive early.

(Ominous music)

In two of the past five years,

early rain drowned most of the hatchlings.

(water splashing) (thunder roaring)

This is not good.

(Suspenseful music)

As the rain falls,
the river starts to rise.

(water splashing)

The babies have hatched,

but they can't yet dig themselves free.

First, they must wait,

while they absorb part of their yolk sac.

(thunder rumbling)

The river continues to rise,

and before the eggs have all hatched,

some nests start to flood.

(water splashing)

The sand is getting more
and more waterlogged.

(Suspenseful music)

They can't wait any longer.

(hatchlings squeaking)

(sand rustling)

Three days after hatching,

the baby turtles see
sunlight for the first time.

(gentle music)

But their mother's job is not done yet.

Waiting offshore, they call.

(turtles croaking)

It seems as if the mother's song

guides the hatchlings to
safety amongst the adults.

(sand rustling) (uplifting music)

(birds chirping)

(uplifting music continues)

This year, many mothers
got their timing right,

and over 2 million hatchlings emerge.

(uplifting music continues)

(hatchlings squeaking)

As the hatchlings join
their mothers in the water,

they add their voices to the chorus.

(hatchlings squeaking)

(turtles croaking)

When fresh water flows are reliable,

parents are able to give their young

an excellent start in life.

But even when water levels are stable,

they may still be dangers
for young animals.

(insects chirping)

(birds squawking)

(Suspenseful music)

(water splashing)

In a steaming swamp in South Carolina,

hungry mouths gather

around the perfect home

for a family of swamp canaries.

(birds chirping)

These parents have
chosen an excellent site,

a slim tree surrounded by water.

(gentle music)

Nests like these are difficult to reach

from land, water, or air

for anything but a small bird.

Useful to protect baby chicks.

(birds chirping)

Up to seven of them in a nest.

(pensive music)

As well as feeding their young,

the parents keep their nests clean

by removing the chicks' droppings...

iN poo bags.

(playful music)

(birds chirping)

(birds chirping)

Caring for as many chicks
as this is a two-bird job.

(playful music)

(chicks chirping)

(Suspenseful music)

A small nest may be safe,

but chicks can quickly
grow too big for it.

Leaving their tower will require them

to take their first flight,

but the moat around their
castle is now a major obstacle.

Predators lurk waiting for an easy meal.

(Ominous music)

It is at least 10 metres
from the nearest tree.

Ready or not,

time to leave the nest.

(wings fluttering) (birds chirping)

The first hatched are the
strongest, and they lead the way.

Later hatched chicks
are smaller and weaker.

(Ominous music)

(wings fluttering)

(water splashing)

The water is no place for a chick,

but there's nothing his parents can do.

(water splashing)

Although he's made it to
the tree, he's still in danger.

But now, his parents can help,

using rewards.

(Suspenseful music)

Bit by bit, they coax him higher.

(wings fluttering)

Just a few more steps.

There now, he's out of immediate danger.

His parents coax the rest of the chicks

to safe hiding places all over the swamp.

They will continue to feed their
chicks for five more weeks.

Large expanses of fresh water
can be dangerous.

Small pools like this one away
from the main Amazon River

are safer for young animals.

The centre is open and clear,

and the edges provide
plenty of hiding places.

Excellent for a family of cichlids,

provided that the parents
can work together.

A carefully chosen rock
in the centre of the pool

camouflages the eggs.

They are starting to hatch.

Wriggling tails, however,
could attract attention.

(playful music)

But the mother gently picks them up

and puts them out of sight under a leaf.

Father does his best to help,

but he's getting in her way.

While mother is collecting more eggs,

she turns around to find that
her partner is at it again.

Caught in the act.

She clearly wants to
finish the job herself.

(gentle upbeat music)

Working alone,

mother gets every last wriggler
tucked away safely,

but she will need father's help

when their wrigglers become swimmers.

Now, both parents must
guide their offspring

to the edge of the pool
where there's more cover.

First step, navigate through
a shoal of curimbata.

It's a job that requires two adults.

(Suspenseful music)

So, now it's father's chance to help.

(Suspenseful music)

They've made it, all fry accounted for,

but they've hit yet another roadblock.

Cichlids are very territorial

and this family has drifted
into someone else's patch.

Their neighbour has turned dark

showing that he really wants them gone.

(Ominous music)

Worse, he might also be hungry

and regard the fry as a welcome snack.

(Suspenseful music)

By coordinating their attack,

they win the fight.

Finally united, they can
continue to their new home.

It's exactly what they need.

The fry can practise swimming
in the spring's bubbles,

and there are plenty of hiding places.

(gentle upbeat music)

Together, the cichlids have made the most

of all this pool has to
offer their young family.

(birds chirping)

In the jungle, there are
fresh water pools everywhere,

in leaves,

fronds,

and holes in trees.

(bright music)

But pools can have problems.

Big ones are likely to attract predators,

and small ones are likely to dry out.

Parents must find the
pools that are just right.

Meet tinctorius,

a poison dart frog
carrying his tadpole.

He needs a pool for it,

and quickly.

This palm leaf may be convenient,

but it's shallow, and exposed,

and could dry out before
a tadpole could develop.

(gentle music)

So, although he leaves one here,

he continues his search for accommodation

for his remaining three.

They are waiting in a leaf,

which will dry out if
left here much longer.

No time to waste.

One climbs immediately
onto its father's back.

To spread his bets,
he needs a different pool.

A hop,

skip,

and a jump,

and he's found somewhere
deeper, but without much food.

He can still do better.

(water splashing)

Night falls,

and he still needs
to find two more pools.

(frog croaking)

A call echoes through the jungle.

(water gurgling)

(frog croaking)

A milk frog with his tadpoles.

His loud calls are invitations
to milk frog females

to lay their eggs in his pool.

Scientists believe that
when a male tinctorius

hears the calls of milk frog fathers,

he may decide that the milk frog's pool

would suit one of his tadpoles.

The next morning, he sets out again

with another tadpole on his back.

(birds chirping)

There's only one problem.

(Suspenseful music)

The milk frog's pool is 20 metres up.

Getting there with a tadpole on his back

will be a long climb.

(Suspenseful music continues)

(dramatic music)

Undeterred, he starts off again.

(Suspenseful music)

It's a huge effort for the
sake of just one tadpole.

(dramatic music)

Made it,

and he's not bothered
by the milk frog.

Not only will his offspring be safe here,

it'll also have plenty to eat,

because milk frog tadpoles

are good food for tinctorius tadpoles,

but he can't rest just yet.

He still has one last
tadpole, which needs a pool.

(Suspenseful music)

(leaves rustling)

This dad will go to extreme heights

to find the best pools for his tadpoles.

Parents can afford the
pursuit of perfection

where fresh water is plentiful.

However, where fresh water is rare,

parents have fewer options.

The Namibian desert.

Here, there is very little
water for miles around

except in the breast feathers
of this Namaqua sandgrouse.

They are specially adapted

to absorb up to 25 millilitres of water

and that enables his family

to nest in remote corners of the desert.

But the chicks must drink

at least once every day to survive.

So, father must fetch some for them.

(inspiring music)

Almost 20 miles from their nest,

a thin strip of green
indicates standing water.

The male sandgrouse flies to
this water hole every day.

(Sandgrouse chirping)

Here he joins a flock of
other thirsty sandgrouse,

but they all know better than
to head straight to the water.

(wings fluttering)

First, they settle at a safe distance.

(Ominous music)

Hidden among the rocks,

the flocks' many eyes
scan for lurking threats,

because when fresh water is rare,

it can be used by some as a trap.

A lanner falcon,

a booted eagle,

and an African hawk eagle

have all taken up positions
around the water hole.

(Ominous music)

(Sandgrouse chirping)

Despite the threats, some sandgrouse

decide to take their chance.

Parents are vulnerable at the water.

They need at least five minutes in a pond

to saturate their feathers.

The more cautious birds wait to see

what happens to the first group.

(Ominous music)

(Sandgrouse chirping)

The lanner picks a target.

(Suspenseful music)

He misses.

The booted eagle sees her chance.

(wings fluttering)
(Sandgrouse chirping)

Together, they keep the flock in the air,

a spectacle visible from all around.

Especially to a male,
judging when it's safe

to collect water for his chicks.

(Suspenseful music)
(Sandgrouse chirping)

Birds of prey seldom stop,

(wings fluttering)

until they make a catch.

(Sandgrouse chirping)

Even now, going alone could be fatal.

He must stick with the group.

(Ominous music)

There's no one left in the air.

If the predators are
concentrating on eating,

now could be the sandgrouse's opportunity.

(wings fluttering)

But they have overlooked someone.

The hawk eagle.

To soak their feathers,

parents must wade deeper into the pool.

(Suspenseful music)

In their desperation for water,

no one notices the eagle's approach.

(Ominous music)

(wings fluttering)
(Sandgrouse chirping)

The father must hold his nerve.

He has not yet collected enough water.

(Ominous music)

(water splashing)

Missed.

(uplifting music)
(wings fluttering)

This father wings his way home,

breast feathers fully loaded with water.

He will have to repeat
this journey every day

for the next eight weeks

until his chicks are ready

to visit the water hole for themselves.

(chicks chirping)

For now,

they can enjoy a good long drink.

The water's presence here

has enabled these parents to succeed.

However, when fresh water isn't reliable,

the journey to parenthood
itself can be laborious.

(waves crashing)

In the Caribbean, five miles upstream

lies a near perfect nursery pool.

Food here is plentiful

and the water tumbling
from the falls above

keeps it clear and oxygenated.

After five months at sea,

a tri-tri goby has climbed 300 metres

to reach this pool and start a family.

His partner is ready to lay her eggs.

(playful music)

Pebbles arranged in the right way

will alter the flow of the current,

creating good conditions for eggs.

His activities attract attention.

(playful music)

Rival males are eager
to take over his nest.

He will have to fight,
if he's to become a father.

Good riddance.

But one thing he can't fight

is the weather.

(thunder rumbling)

A once in a lifetime storm is brewing.

(water splashing)

(wind rustling)

(waterfall rumbling)

Below the fall, the increase in water

has turned the gentle flow
into a whirlpool.

(river rumbling)

The torrent has flushed
him miles back downstream,

but he still has a chance
to become a father,

if he can manage to climb
once again to his nursery pool.

He hasn't done anything like
this since he was a young fish,

and it shows.

(gentle music)

He's a lot bulkier than
when he was younger.

Climbing 300 metres again

won't be easy in his current condition.

Juveniles with boundless
energy dart past him.

Other adults try

and fail.

He pushes on,

but the closer he gets to his pool,

the stronger the current.

(waterfall rumbling)

(Ominous music)

With one final push,

he makes it.

(playful music)

But the pool is unrecognisable.

The storm has scattered all
his carefully selected pebbles.

So, he starts work to
create another nursery.

(gravel rustling)

If he is to become a parent
however, he will need stability.

When fresh water is not stable,
parents must quickly adapt

to ensure a future for their young.

Thailand.

These still waters should offer

a secure foundation for the
family of a lily trotter.

(birds hooting)

Long toes spread his
weight across the lily pads

as he searches for insects
amongst the greenery,

but he also has a special and urgent job.

(upbeat music)

He's building a floating nest.

A messy pile of pond
leaves will have to do.

He must hurry back to his egg.

He misguidedly built his first nest

in the busiest part of the lake.

Boats come so close that
his egg risks being crushed.

He has decided to move to
a quieter neighbourhood.

(upbeat music)

Building a new nest was easy.

Moving an egg without hands
was significantly harder.

Other lily trotters carry
their eggs with their beaks.

This one has adopted a different method.

One that takes a lot longer.

(upbeat music continues)

At last.

Now, he must settle his egg
into this perfect new home

in his perfect new neighbourhood.

But in trying to avoid one threat

he hasn't noticed another.

(wings fluttering)

Caterpillars have invaded
the lake almost overnight.

(sombre music)

They don't have any predators here.

His precious chick has
hatched into devastation.

(sombre music)

The insects that live amongst the lilies

are harder to find,

let alone catch,

and the caterpillars
are completely inedible.

His chick needs food.

Once again, he will have
to find somewhere better.

Lily trotters aren't built for this,

but walking is their only option.

The chick can't yet fly.

(sombre music)

(insects chirping)

These are the last remaining
lilies in the lake.

(sombre music)

It's not perfect,

but there are plenty of
insects for his chick.

Here, it can thrive.

(gentle music)

Lily trotters are not the only parents

who must settle for less than
perfect in our changing world.

(wind whooshing)

In East Africa, as the climate heats,

rainfall is becoming less predictable.

(elephant grumbling)

This elephant matriarch
has kept her family alive

throughout two years of drought.

(birds chirping) (flies buzzing)

She's leading them to the last
flowing water she knows of,

the Ewaso Nyiro River.

This is the only place for miles around,

which still has any water
or food for grazing animals.

Until rain and good
grazing return elsewhere,

this is an oasis for the whole family.

(elephants grumbling)

(elephants trumpeting)

They haven't drunk for days.

This is a chance for a mother

to demonstrate good trunk technique.

(water splashing)

Her calf certainly needs the tutorial.

Step one, get water into your trunk.

Step two, get water from
your trunk to your mouth.

(gentle music)

Sometimes it's easier to
take a more direct route.

These days spent in the cool, calm river,

are much needed relief for
the whole elephant family.

(elephants trumpeting)

(elephant grumbling)

But the elephants are not the
only travellers seeking refuge.

(sombre music)

(cattle bellowing)

The elephant matriarch decides

that it's not safe enough for
trunk lessons to continue.

Wild elephants and human beings
usually avoid one another.

Each is too dangerous to the other.

In this drought, however,
they have no choice,

but to share the river and the grass

until rain returns.

(cattle bellowing) (bells ringing)

Weeks pass.

Herders and elephants
crisscross the river

in search of any grazing that remains.

So many mouths to feed
takes a toll on the land

stripping it bare.

(sand rustling)

At last, the elephant matriarch

senses something familiar on the horizon.

Rain is falling on the distant mountains

that feed the river.

(elephant grumbling)

This should be a good sign,

but the hotter the air,
the more moisture it stores.

(thunder rumbling)

So when, after a long hot drought,

rain finally comes,

there is much more of it.

The distant deluge
runs off the parched earth

and becomes a flash flood.

(river rumbling)

(cattle bellowing)

The herds have been caught out

split apart by the sudden flood.

(cattle bellowing)

The herders have no choice,

but to cross and keep
their livestock together.

The elephant family has
also been caught out

trapped on the wrong side of the river.

(Ominous music)

To follow the rain to fresh grazing,

the matriarch must find a way to cross,

while keeping the youngest safe.

(river rumbling)

She tests the current with her trunk,

assessing whether or not

the youngest can manage the crossing.

(elephant snorting)

The flow seems gentle enough on this side,

but the current runs swifter
near the opposite bank.

(water splashing)

(elephant grumbling)

As the current gets faster,

the adults use their bodies
to shield the calves.

(Suspenseful music)

As the family enters the
swiftest part of the river,

a calf loses its footing.

(calf snorting)

(calf grunting)

So far, the matriarch has
kept her family together,

but now, she has a decision to make.

Press on towards fresh grazing

or turn back to keep her calves safe.

(elephants grumbling)

She has decided the risks of crossing

have become greater than
the pangs of hunger.

(gentle music)

The matriarch has protected
her youngest from this flood,

but as the world gets hotter,

droughts and floods are
becoming more intense,

(elephant trumpeting)

destabilising life for parents everywhere.

Already we are adapting to
changing fresh water patterns,

(cattle bellowing)

but we can choose

to give the next generation
a better future,

a world with more reliable fresh water.

What a gift.

(river rumbling)

As the climate heats,

rainfall is becoming
less reliable everywhere.

There is often too much or too
little and at the wrong time.

A significant challenge
for the "Parenthood" crews,

while filming the series.

- We've got all kinds of flooding
going on here in Paradise Valley.

Unprecedented flooding, like 100 years

since we've had water
levels this high.

— There's been a drought
here from since December

and we're now in April.

— It is unusual.

Different than any other
year | have seen.

— Sounds like the water levels

are rising quicker than anyone expected.

— Every day it's incrementally
getting hotter and hotter.

We haven't had rain in
the park for about a week

and there's no sign of it
on the horizon,

and we're actually in the
middle of our rainy season.

— Yeah, this is a lot of rain.

Even for Amazonian
standards,

it's beyond anything I've
seen this time of the year.

— It's a bit worrying, really,

because the monsoon
isn't actually

meant to start for
another month.

— [Attenborough] In Northern Kenya,

the rain was especially hard to predict.

The crew were hoping to film elephants

in the height of the wet season,

but when they arrived,
the rains had not yet come.

(insects chirping)

East Africa was in the
grip of a historic drought

and the consequences for both wildlife

and people became clear.

— Right. So, we've just been
filming a group of elephants

that were approaching the river

and they just ran into
a big herd of cattle.

And quite literally, the cows
were blocking the elephants

from even crossing the river.

So, the elephants have
all just turned back.

-— The reality now of filming is one of

watching thousands of cattle

coming through an area
where elephants should be.

How do you deal with 10,000
cattle, as an elephant?

It's a whole level of parenting skills

that they're not equipped to deal with.

— These herders,
these pastoral people,

although they're not
allowed to be in the park,

they just have no choice.

They're all competing
for that little resource.

It's a very difficult time.

— Everybody is looking for it,
for green grass

and good food for the animal,
and water.

So, everybody here is trying

maybe to look for a ways of Survival.

(birds chirping)

— [Attenborough] The lack of
fresh water and grass

has put both people and
elephants under immense pressure.

— In the past, you know,
there was a big threat,

which was elephants being
killed for their ivory,

but today, we see things shifting

into the competition
of space and resources

being the biggest challenge.

It's a conflict that results
into elephants being wounded

or elephants wounding people
or even killing people.

And hence, you know, that
also causing a lot of tension

between the two species.

— So, we got a dead elephant here.

We don't know the cause of death yet.

He was fine literally an hour ago,

and then he's just collapsed.

Very, very sad to see an
elephant go like this.

Especially a bull
who's not even that old.

He was just coming into his prime.

That's very sad.

— [Attenborough] Elephants are
astonishingly social.

A death in the community
can have a big impact.

— Just seems to be trying to scent

and see what happened yesterday.

They're trying to
understand the situation.

(sombre music)

— [Attenborough] The elephants
returned day after day

to visit the body

until it was time to move on.

Drought and conflict

are now leaving many young
elephants without families.

Families who would normally provide them

with protection and important lessons.

So, in their absence,

the community is stepping in
to parent orphaned elephants.

— A lot of babies that
have fallen into wells,

because of searching for
that precious resource,

you know, the water.

(elephant grumbling)

— This baby here, she's called Megus

and she came here as a result
of falling into a well.

When it is dry season,

sometimes they don't come
back for their babies.

So, her mother didn't come back,

and that's why we got
this little baby here.

When baby elephants are in the bush,

they learn so many things
from their mothers,

from their family.

So, as keepers, we are also
teaching them some things.

(gentle music)

— [Attenborough] They teach them
which leaves are good to eat,

make sure they get enough to drink,

and help them to have a good old dust bath

just as their mothers would've done.

— They move into our family.

What | like most is staying
with babies who are stressed,

because I know how to calm them down.

Baby elephants like singing.

They like music, more so
they like pop music so much.

(keepers singing)

(elephants trumpeting)

Reteti has started 2016 August.

Since the beginning, we have released

10 baby elephants back to the wild.

The staff that we have
here, it's 91 of them,

and all of them are from
the local community around.

(keepers chatting)

— Elephants have changed
the life of my community

through employment,

through education,

through women empowerment.

As they grow with your friendship,
they never forget that.

Even when they're big, when they hear you,

when they see you, they
give you some nice kisses.

Holding you like their own family.

(gentle upbeat music)

I'm very privileged to say
| love elephants

and | wish to support them.

— [Attenborough] Reteti Elephant Sanctuary

has demonstrated
what great benefits can come

from protecting wildlife.

(elephant snorting)

While the climate changes
and resources dwindle,

every community can find ways
to support the natural world.

(birds chirping)

(uplifting music)