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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:37,560 --> 00:00:39,200          [man] Are you guys                   going to stop ever,         2 00:00:39,200 --> 00:00:40,720           or are you gonna                   keep dancing forever?        3 00:00:40,720 --> 00:00:42,520            I'm gonna keep                  dancing forever, I mean.       4 00:00:42,520 --> 00:00:45,000    Well, at least 'til I remember             where I put my car.         5 00:00:45,040 --> 00:00:48,560          electronic music          6 00:00:48,560 --> 00:00:51,160                [narrator]                    This is the story of women     7 00:00:51,200 --> 00:00:54,680      who hear music in their heads,  8 00:00:54,720 --> 00:00:59,360            of radical sounds           where there was once silence...    9 00:01:00,960 --> 00:01:05,200           ...of dreams enabled                     by technology.           10 00:01:09,160 --> 00:01:12,640              Technology is                    a tremendous liberator.       11 00:01:12,680 --> 00:01:15,040      It blows up power structures.    12 00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:17,360                                   13 00:01:17,360 --> 00:01:20,520        Women are naturally drawn                to electronic music.        14 00:01:20,520 --> 00:01:22,200                                   15 00:01:22,200 --> 00:01:24,000             You didn't have                        to be accepted           16 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:27,520              by any of the                   male-dominated resources--     17 00:01:27,560 --> 00:01:29,160           the radio stations,                  the record companies,        18 00:01:29,200 --> 00:01:31,040         the concert hall venues,      19 00:01:31,040 --> 00:01:33,000        the funding organizations.     20 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:35,440                                   21 00:01:35,440 --> 00:01:37,720         You could make something                 with electronics,          22 00:01:37,720 --> 00:01:41,880        and you can present music             directly to your audience,     23 00:01:41,880 --> 00:01:44,480            and that gives you                   tremendous freedom.         24 00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:46,800                                    25 00:01:46,800 --> 00:01:50,480          But somehow women get              forgotten from that history.    26 00:01:50,480 --> 00:01:51,880                                    27 00:01:53,040 --> 00:01:56,960           The history of women              has been a story of silence,    28 00:01:56,960 --> 00:01:58,640           of breaking through                      the silence...           29 00:01:58,680 --> 00:02:02,600            We shall not be                    robbed any longer.          30 00:02:02,640 --> 00:02:04,160         ...with beautiful noise.      31 00:02:04,160 --> 00:02:07,960                                   32 00:02:19,200 --> 00:02:21,760        This is April 30, 1974,       33 00:02:21,760 --> 00:02:24,160          and we're all here                 at the Bonino Gallery.        34 00:02:24,160 --> 00:02:25,840       [woman] What's your name?      35 00:02:25,840 --> 00:02:29,480       Suzanne Ciani, C-I-A-N-I.                    [laughs]               36 00:02:29,480 --> 00:02:32,480       And I'm going to give...       37 00:02:32,480 --> 00:02:37,480      I'm going to play a concert          on the Buchla synthesizer.      38 00:02:37,480 --> 00:02:40,400         These instruments are             designed by a manufacturer      39 00:02:40,400 --> 00:02:43,080       in Berkeley, California.       40 00:02:43,080 --> 00:02:46,080           They're probably               the most sophisticated system    41 00:02:46,080 --> 00:02:48,480           that's available.          42 00:02:48,480 --> 00:02:50,040     And I think they're sensual.     43 00:02:50,080 --> 00:02:52,080       - May I have a cigarette?                 - They're what?           44 00:02:52,080 --> 00:02:55,280          Sensual. Thank you.         45 00:03:01,040 --> 00:03:05,000        With this new technology,           you could do it all yourself.    46 00:03:05,040 --> 00:03:07,960        So you were the composer.              you were the performer,       47 00:03:07,960 --> 00:03:12,600        you were the sole arbiter                 of your creation.          48 00:03:12,600 --> 00:03:17,640     electronic classical music     49 00:03:23,280 --> 00:03:27,400                                   50 00:03:35,080 --> 00:03:40,120                                   51 00:03:42,600 --> 00:03:45,080                                   52 00:03:45,080 --> 00:03:47,680        And the machine was alive.     53 00:03:47,720 --> 00:03:49,680               It was warm.            54 00:03:49,680 --> 00:03:51,960             It communicated.          55 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:53,560            It was sensitive.          56 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:55,120           You know, you could                      move something           57 00:03:55,160 --> 00:03:58,080          just the littlest bit        58 00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:01,680           and then a whole new               expression would open up.      59 00:04:01,680 --> 00:04:06,440                                   60 00:04:12,960 --> 00:04:18,000                                   61 00:04:24,760 --> 00:04:28,040         One of the most amazing               experiences you can have      62 00:04:28,040 --> 00:04:30,760        is to be in the middle of             this sound that's moving.      63 00:04:30,760 --> 00:04:33,280                                   64 00:04:36,080 --> 00:04:39,120        The thing that I've always           loved about electronic music    65 00:04:39,120 --> 00:04:41,120         is that it's in motion.       66 00:04:41,120 --> 00:04:44,880             It's malleable.           67 00:04:44,880 --> 00:04:48,520        It's a much more open set                    of dynamics.            68 00:04:48,520 --> 00:04:52,560                                   69 00:04:59,960 --> 00:05:03,040        In electronics, you're not            dealing so literally with      70 00:05:03,080 --> 00:05:05,840           the architecture of                   nodes or harmonies,         71 00:05:05,880 --> 00:05:07,840          those building blocks        72 00:05:07,840 --> 00:05:09,480           in classical music.         73 00:05:11,080 --> 00:05:13,720        You're dealing in energy.      74 00:05:13,720 --> 00:05:18,680                                   75 00:05:23,200 --> 00:05:25,800               At the dawn                       of the 20th century,        76 00:05:25,800 --> 00:05:28,160              the world was                       no longer silent.          77 00:05:28,160 --> 00:05:30,960                                   78 00:05:30,960 --> 00:05:34,200        The spirit of modern life                   was a banshee            79 00:05:34,200 --> 00:05:36,560       screeching into the future.     80 00:05:36,560 --> 00:05:39,760                                   81 00:05:39,760 --> 00:05:42,520       Futurists wanted to make art             out of the new energy,       82 00:05:42,560 --> 00:05:47,120            speed, and noise.          83 00:05:47,120 --> 00:05:50,200            How would we begin                   to do such a thing,         84 00:05:50,200 --> 00:05:55,040         to capture the sound of               this electrified world?       85 00:05:55,040 --> 00:05:59,160     electronic classical music     86 00:06:03,240 --> 00:06:06,160          I do very much what                   a diver would do.          87 00:06:06,160 --> 00:06:10,080     I just have to take a chance,               and here I am.            88 00:06:10,080 --> 00:06:13,040                                   89 00:06:13,040 --> 00:06:17,160    See? A hair breadth off and I'm      already on a different note.     90 00:06:17,160 --> 00:06:20,800               Dr. Ray,                        now we'll have fun.         91 00:06:20,840 --> 00:06:22,200             - [chuckles]                     - Now we'll have fun.        92 00:06:22,200 --> 00:06:24,480              Now, here,                    hold your hand over this.      93 00:06:24,480 --> 00:06:28,400        [high-pitched whining]        94 00:06:30,640 --> 00:06:32,400          [whining continues]         95 00:06:32,400 --> 00:06:34,440       It is a fallacy to think                that the instrument         96 00:06:34,480 --> 00:06:36,160           is easy to play.           97 00:06:36,200 --> 00:06:39,240       You know, it is much more           difficult than the violin.      98 00:06:39,240 --> 00:06:42,600       I was a concert violinist              before I played this.        99 00:06:42,600 --> 00:06:46,640           classical music          100 00:06:55,120 --> 00:07:00,080      As young girls, both my sister         and I gave joint concerts      101 00:07:00,120 --> 00:07:04,080            playing the violin              and the piano all over Russia,  102 00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:06,240          then all over Europe.        103 00:07:06,240 --> 00:07:08,200      We played our way to America.    104 00:07:08,200 --> 00:07:10,760                                   105 00:07:16,960 --> 00:07:20,040         I met Professor Theremin              when he came to America       106 00:07:20,080 --> 00:07:21,840      to demonstrate the instrument.  107 00:07:21,840 --> 00:07:23,640           I was fascinated by         108 00:07:23,680 --> 00:07:26,400            the aesthetic part                    of the instrument,         109 00:07:26,440 --> 00:07:29,440       the beauty, and the idea of                playing completely         110 00:07:29,440 --> 00:07:32,120        without touching anything.     111 00:07:32,160 --> 00:07:34,560      I also loved the sound of it.    112 00:07:34,560 --> 00:07:39,080        Professor Theremin became            a great friend and admirer,     113 00:07:39,080 --> 00:07:41,160         and we really worked on       114 00:07:41,160 --> 00:07:43,000             this particular                     instrument together.        115 00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:46,440       I, making my musical wishes                  known to him,            116 00:07:46,440 --> 00:07:49,880                 and he,                    being the genius that he was,    117 00:07:49,880 --> 00:07:52,600              made it work.            118 00:07:52,600 --> 00:07:56,600                                   119 00:07:58,120 --> 00:08:00,840              And we played                     the Nardini Concerto.        120 00:08:00,840 --> 00:08:02,920           We played the whole                   César Franck Sonata,        121 00:08:02,920 --> 00:08:05,760          which was at that time               a rather great surprise       122 00:08:05,760 --> 00:08:07,640           because the Theremin                     was associated           123 00:08:07,640 --> 00:08:09,720        with just little melodies.     124 00:08:09,720 --> 00:08:14,760                                   125 00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:19,560         Suddenly you get someone               who's a total virtuoso       126 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:21,840        and able to make it sound                      in a way              127 00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:24,200            that it had never                      sounded before.           128 00:08:24,200 --> 00:08:28,240                                   129 00:08:47,560 --> 00:08:52,120           "You cannot play air         with hammers," Clara would say.    130 00:08:52,160 --> 00:08:54,240             You have to play                   with butterfly wings.        131 00:08:54,240 --> 00:08:59,240                                   132 00:09:27,400 --> 00:09:31,040                 [Clara]                      I was a freak at the time.     133 00:09:31,040 --> 00:09:34,200      The public had to be won over              into thinking of it         134 00:09:34,200 --> 00:09:38,680        as a real artistic medium                played by an artist,        135 00:09:38,680 --> 00:09:41,360           and I won them over.        136 00:09:49,680 --> 00:09:51,560             A young composer                        said to me,             137 00:09:51,600 --> 00:09:55,680         "It's listening to this                 singing of a soul."         138 00:09:55,680 --> 00:09:58,000              Now isn't that                      a lovely thought,          139 00:09:58,040 --> 00:10:00,840            singing of a soul?         140 00:10:00,880 --> 00:10:06,000  [electronic buzzing and beeping]  141 00:10:11,760 --> 00:10:15,160        The first stage in the           realization of a piece of music  142 00:10:15,160 --> 00:10:17,160            is to construct                   the individual sounds        143 00:10:17,160 --> 00:10:19,640       that we're going to use.       144 00:10:19,640 --> 00:10:21,640    To do this, we can, if we like,               go to these             145 00:10:21,640 --> 00:10:24,080        sound generators here,               electronic generators,        146 00:10:24,120 --> 00:10:27,400       and we listen to three of          the basic electronic sounds.     147 00:10:27,400 --> 00:10:29,240        First, is the simplest                    sound of all,            148 00:10:29,240 --> 00:10:30,720         which is a sine wave.        149 00:10:30,720 --> 00:10:32,120        [high-pitched buzzing]        150 00:10:32,120 --> 00:10:33,840            You can see on                      the oscilloscope,          151 00:10:33,840 --> 00:10:38,240       it has a very simple form           and has a very pure sound.      152 00:10:38,280 --> 00:10:40,080      Now listen to the same note         but with a different quality.    153 00:10:40,080 --> 00:10:42,440        This is a square wave.        154 00:10:43,800 --> 00:10:45,280           It's very square                      on the picture            155 00:10:45,280 --> 00:10:47,040       and perhaps rather harsh                   to listen to.            156 00:10:47,080 --> 00:10:48,760     This is because it has a lot              of high harmonics,          157 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:53,160         and that's what gives             the corners on the picture.     158 00:10:53,200 --> 00:10:57,520       Now a more complex sound               still is white noise.        159 00:10:57,560 --> 00:11:00,160               [static]               160 00:11:00,200 --> 00:11:02,840         We don't always go to             electronic sound generators     161 00:11:02,840 --> 00:11:04,840         for our basic sources                      of sound.              162 00:11:04,840 --> 00:11:08,640      If the sound we want exists          already in real life, say,      163 00:11:08,640 --> 00:11:10,040       we can go and record it.       164 00:11:11,880 --> 00:11:14,600                [ding]                165 00:11:14,600 --> 00:11:17,200        But those basic sounds              aren't really interesting      166 00:11:17,200 --> 00:11:19,120     in their raw state like this.    167 00:11:19,120 --> 00:11:21,200         To make them of value                for a musical piece,         168 00:11:21,200 --> 00:11:23,800         we have to shape them                   and mold them.            169 00:11:23,840 --> 00:11:26,600      We can get the lower sounds            we need from the rhythm       170 00:11:26,640 --> 00:11:28,840       by slowing down the tape.      171 00:11:28,880 --> 00:11:31,160              [low clank]             172 00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:33,000         And the higher sounds              by speeding up the tape.       173 00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:34,800         [high-pitched clank]         174 00:11:34,800 --> 00:11:36,200         And then all we have                to do is cut the notes        175 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:37,560         to the right length.         176 00:11:39,440 --> 00:11:42,440     We can join them together on          a loop and listen to them.      177 00:11:42,440 --> 00:11:46,000      [pulsating rhythm sounding]     178 00:11:46,040 --> 00:11:50,120    And then with the higher notes            of the rhythm, again,        179 00:11:50,120 --> 00:11:52,200             we join them                      together in a loop          180 00:11:52,200 --> 00:11:53,840              and play it                      in synchronization          181 00:11:53,880 --> 00:11:55,520         with the first tape.         182 00:11:55,520 --> 00:11:57,360      [rhythm continues beating]      183 00:11:57,360 --> 00:12:00,200        [high-pitched beating]        184 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:03,200     And over this we can play...     185 00:12:03,200 --> 00:12:08,200        [high-pitched rattling]       186 00:12:08,200 --> 00:12:12,680                                   187 00:12:12,680 --> 00:12:16,680           ethereal music           188 00:12:16,680 --> 00:12:20,000                                   189 00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:22,400       [distorted notes playing]      190 00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:24,680          Using all of these,               we can build up any sound      191 00:12:24,680 --> 00:12:26,720       we can possibly imagine.       192 00:12:26,720 --> 00:12:28,440     We spend quite a lot of time          trying to invent new sound,     193 00:12:28,440 --> 00:12:30,320           sounds that don't                     exist already,            194 00:12:30,320 --> 00:12:33,840     sounds that can't be produced           by musical instruments.       195 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:38,160           [ethereal sounds]          196 00:12:38,200 --> 00:12:41,160          The radio, the radio,                     the radio was            197 00:12:41,200 --> 00:12:44,240         the most important thing                    in my life.             198 00:12:44,240 --> 00:12:45,880                You know,                        there weren't books.        199 00:12:45,880 --> 00:12:49,680       The radio was my education.     200 00:12:49,680 --> 00:12:52,800                                   201 00:12:52,800 --> 00:12:56,120       I was accepted by the Oxford               and the Cambridge          202 00:12:56,160 --> 00:13:00,440           to read mathematics,                which is quite something      203 00:13:00,480 --> 00:13:04,160         for a working-class girl                    in the '50s,            204 00:13:04,160 --> 00:13:08,200           where only one in 10                      were female.            205 00:13:10,200 --> 00:13:13,400                Delia was                     a brilliant mathematician.     206 00:13:13,400 --> 00:13:17,040        She was fascinated by the           inner composition of a sound.    207 00:13:17,040 --> 00:13:18,760           Then she could reach                   into it and decide         208 00:13:18,760 --> 00:13:23,240         what part of that sound                  she wanted to use.         209 00:13:23,240 --> 00:13:28,040                                   210 00:13:32,200 --> 00:13:36,400            I was in Coventry                     during the Blitz.          211 00:13:36,400 --> 00:13:40,080              That was such                      an influence on me.         212 00:13:43,680 --> 00:13:45,200             It's come to me           213 00:13:45,200 --> 00:13:49,240               that my love                    for abstract sounds were      214 00:13:49,240 --> 00:13:53,400      sounds of the air raid siren.              - [siren wailing]          215 00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:56,440         Because that's the sound            you hear and you don't know     216 00:13:56,440 --> 00:14:00,080             the source of it                     as a young child.          217 00:14:00,120 --> 00:14:03,760         It's an abstract sound,                 and it's meaningful,        218 00:14:03,800 --> 00:14:07,520         and then the all clear.       219 00:14:07,560 --> 00:14:11,640       [siren continues wailing]      220 00:14:28,880 --> 00:14:31,440       [explosions in distance]       221 00:14:37,880 --> 00:14:40,480         [narrator] World War II                emptied cities of men.       222 00:14:42,840 --> 00:14:45,320        And in the absence of men,                  women worked.            223 00:14:47,640 --> 00:14:50,360             Freedom was more                      than a feeling.           224 00:14:54,800 --> 00:14:57,440      [man] There isn't much glamour          about this independence.      225 00:14:57,440 --> 00:14:59,440            Women at work are                 getting to look and behave     226 00:14:59,440 --> 00:15:01,120              more like men.           227 00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:04,040        It's not very attractive.      228 00:15:06,000 --> 00:15:10,080    disorienting electronic music  229 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:14,160        Welcome to Tower Folly,              this lonely host house        230 00:15:14,160 --> 00:15:17,160      on the North Downs of Kent.     231 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:18,920        Well, as far as I know,             this house isn't haunted,      232 00:15:18,960 --> 00:15:22,160            and there isn't                 a mad scientist in sight.      233 00:15:22,160 --> 00:15:24,760    This is in fact a music factory        where they can literally       234 00:15:24,800 --> 00:15:28,000           make music out of                   electronic sounds,          235 00:15:28,040 --> 00:15:31,120      and the woman who makes it          has just been awarded a grant    236 00:15:31,160 --> 00:15:34,440     by the Gulbenkian Foundation             to help her research.        237 00:15:34,440 --> 00:15:37,400             She's here at                      her control box.           238 00:15:37,400 --> 00:15:39,560           Miss Daphne Oram.          239 00:15:39,560 --> 00:15:42,200       How did you get involved               in this kind of work?        240 00:15:42,200 --> 00:15:44,480         It dates back really                   to 1944, I think,          241 00:15:44,480 --> 00:15:46,080          when I read a book          242 00:15:46,120 --> 00:15:48,480         which prophesied that               composers in the future       243 00:15:48,520 --> 00:15:51,400        would compose directly                into sound instead of        244 00:15:51,400 --> 00:15:53,280           using orchestral                   instruments, you see.        245 00:15:53,280 --> 00:15:57,160    And well, since then, I've been         working in BBC Studios,       246 00:15:57,160 --> 00:15:58,560            and so I've got                     some little grasp          247 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:01,040      of this sort of equipment.      248 00:16:01,040 --> 00:16:03,800          orchestral music          249 00:16:03,800 --> 00:16:05,560       I was trained as a musician,    250 00:16:05,560 --> 00:16:08,920          and the two sort of               click together, you see.       251 00:16:08,920 --> 00:16:10,680                                   252 00:16:10,680 --> 00:16:12,680                Daphne was                      a very gifted pianist,       253 00:16:12,680 --> 00:16:15,080           and she had secured                   a place for herself         254 00:16:15,080 --> 00:16:18,840      at the Royal Academy of Music,           which she turned down        255 00:16:18,880 --> 00:16:21,120        because she was also very              interested in technology      256 00:16:21,120 --> 00:16:24,200                and wanted                       to work at the BBC.         257 00:16:24,200 --> 00:16:28,120           ethereal music           258 00:16:28,160 --> 00:16:30,360  [Daphne] I was asked to do some                incidental music          259 00:16:30,400 --> 00:16:32,440          for a television play,       260 00:16:32,440 --> 00:16:36,200            and I did this by                     getting together,          261 00:16:36,200 --> 00:16:38,040       in the middle of the night,     262 00:16:38,040 --> 00:16:41,120       all the tape recorders that             I could find in studios,      263 00:16:41,160 --> 00:16:43,240         collecting them together                   in one studio,           264 00:16:43,240 --> 00:16:47,480      and working until they had to         be put back the next morning,    265 00:16:47,480 --> 00:16:49,120          sleeping a little bit                and then coming back in       266 00:16:49,160 --> 00:16:52,200      to do my normal chamber music                     work.                267 00:16:52,240 --> 00:16:57,160      cheerful orchestral music     268 00:16:57,160 --> 00:16:59,360        So then it grew from that.     269 00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:03,000        I was asked to help start             the radiophonic workshop.      270 00:17:03,000 --> 00:17:05,160              [man] Listen.            271 00:17:05,160 --> 00:17:06,760         disorienting music         272 00:17:06,800 --> 00:17:08,800             Without Daphne,                 it would never have started     273 00:17:08,800 --> 00:17:13,720         because BBC did not want            an electronic music studio.     274 00:17:13,720 --> 00:17:16,800       We were just using anything              we could grab hold of.       275 00:17:16,800 --> 00:17:19,080               We had basic                      laboratory equipment        276 00:17:19,080 --> 00:17:22,360       and a pair of tape machines             that had been liberated       277 00:17:22,360 --> 00:17:24,680          at the end of the war.       278 00:17:24,680 --> 00:17:27,080                                   279 00:17:27,080 --> 00:17:30,640       Playwrights were writing in             a surreal kind of style,      280 00:17:30,680 --> 00:17:33,160                which was                        a legacy of the war.        281 00:17:33,160 --> 00:17:36,640            The style required                a different kind of sound.     282 00:17:36,680 --> 00:17:39,760          [man's voice echoing]                     Bird or angel?           283 00:17:39,760 --> 00:17:41,760            [man] This program                    is an experiment.          284 00:17:41,760 --> 00:17:43,360              We think it's                       worth broadcasting         285 00:17:43,400 --> 00:17:45,240          as a perfectly serious                    first attempt            286 00:17:45,240 --> 00:17:48,040           to find out whether                 we can convey a new kind      287 00:17:48,040 --> 00:17:51,040               of emotional                  and intellectual experience     288 00:17:51,080 --> 00:17:55,160         by means of what we call                radiophonic effects.        289 00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:57,080            surreal music           290 00:17:57,120 --> 00:17:59,560          [man] Round and round        291 00:17:59,600 --> 00:18:03,160       like a wind from the ground.    292 00:18:03,160 --> 00:18:05,560             Beats and beats,          293 00:18:05,560 --> 00:18:09,160           it whirls and beats.        294 00:18:09,160 --> 00:18:12,240            [man] It's a sort                      of modern magic.          295 00:18:13,720 --> 00:18:16,440       Some musicians believe that            it can become an art form      296 00:18:16,440 --> 00:18:18,000           complete in itself.         297 00:18:18,000 --> 00:18:20,040          Others are skeptical.        298 00:18:20,040 --> 00:18:21,160          In fact, we've decided                      not to use             299 00:18:21,160 --> 00:18:23,320         the word "music" at all.      300 00:18:23,360 --> 00:18:24,720            [man] This is bad.         301 00:18:24,720 --> 00:18:27,440                                   302 00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:32,160          [narrator] What began                   as a research trip         303 00:18:32,160 --> 00:18:36,000        to the Brussels World Fair           became a fateful pilgrimage.    304 00:18:36,000 --> 00:18:38,480                                   305 00:18:38,480 --> 00:18:42,040           There, Daphne hears                an electronic composition      306 00:18:42,040 --> 00:18:43,720         fed through 350 speakers      307 00:18:43,760 --> 00:18:46,200            with synchronized                        projections.            308 00:18:46,200 --> 00:18:50,240      dark, disorienting music      309 00:18:50,240 --> 00:18:52,040                                   310 00:18:52,080 --> 00:18:55,680        Electronic music was more               than just incidental.        311 00:18:55,720 --> 00:19:00,560             It was the sound                       of the future.           312 00:19:00,560 --> 00:19:04,160                                   313 00:19:04,160 --> 00:19:06,640         The radiophonic workshop                 was concentrating          314 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:09,320       somewhat on the drama side,     315 00:19:09,320 --> 00:19:12,000       and I wanted to concentrate                on the music side.         316 00:19:12,000 --> 00:19:13,840        So I set up my own studio.     317 00:19:13,840 --> 00:19:17,800                                   318 00:19:17,800 --> 00:19:19,600             She was a woman,                       in the 1950s,            319 00:19:19,600 --> 00:19:21,160              set up her own           320 00:19:21,160 --> 00:19:23,840               independent                     electronic music studio.      321 00:19:23,840 --> 00:19:25,600       It's extraordinarily brave.     322 00:19:25,600 --> 00:19:28,720                                   323 00:19:28,720 --> 00:19:31,040    [man] Now Miss Oram, how do you         go about manufacturing        324 00:19:31,080 --> 00:19:32,320          this sort of sound?         325 00:19:32,320 --> 00:19:33,880        Well, let me introduce        326 00:19:33,880 --> 00:19:36,040        this little electronic                   generator here,           327 00:19:36,040 --> 00:19:38,000            which produces                     a sound like this.          328 00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:40,240      [fluctuating tone sounding]     329 00:19:40,240 --> 00:19:42,640          Now I made a little                   loop of tape here          330 00:19:42,640 --> 00:19:45,440        with varying pure tones                      on it.                331 00:19:45,480 --> 00:19:47,160         [high-pitched tones]         332 00:19:47,160 --> 00:19:50,600      Now if I then put a little            artificial reverberation       333 00:19:50,600 --> 00:19:52,200      on that, I think you'll see     334 00:19:52,240 --> 00:19:54,040         we're just beginning                   to get somewhere           335 00:19:54,040 --> 00:19:55,280            with the music.           336 00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:59,400     [electronic tones shimmering]    337 00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:21,120                                   338 00:20:49,520 --> 00:20:51,240         [man] So now what are                 you going with this         339 00:20:51,240 --> 00:20:53,960       three-and-a-half thousand             pounds that you've got?       340 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:55,760             Well, this is                     very exciting to me         341 00:20:55,800 --> 00:20:59,080      because I have ideas for a         piece of electronic equipment,    342 00:20:59,080 --> 00:21:02,360         not quite like this.              In this case, the composer,     343 00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:05,680       we're going to be able to              feed in drawn symbols        344 00:21:05,680 --> 00:21:09,800     straight into the equipment,         and out will come the sounds.    345 00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:13,240         [sound reverberating]        346 00:21:13,240 --> 00:21:16,040               I have a new                     technique completely,        347 00:21:16,080 --> 00:21:19,680          one that I've evolved                    over the years,           348 00:21:19,720 --> 00:21:22,400          which I call oramics.        349 00:21:22,400 --> 00:21:26,960        And that is using graphic              representation of sound.      350 00:21:26,960 --> 00:21:29,400                                   351 00:21:29,400 --> 00:21:32,240            There seems to be                  no real notation system       352 00:21:32,240 --> 00:21:34,360           in electronic music.        353 00:21:34,400 --> 00:21:37,680        I wanted a system where I            could graphically represent     354 00:21:37,680 --> 00:21:41,560          what I wanted and give                 that representation,        355 00:21:41,600 --> 00:21:43,960           that musical score,                  in fact, to a machine        356 00:21:44,000 --> 00:21:47,400       and have from it the sound.     357 00:21:47,400 --> 00:21:52,480                                   358 00:21:57,600 --> 00:21:59,120         This idea of drawn sound      359 00:21:59,160 --> 00:22:02,040             is a sound that                     comes from nowhere.         360 00:22:02,080 --> 00:22:06,080           It's a sound that is               synthesized from nothing,      361 00:22:06,080 --> 00:22:08,040         but she's not the ghost                   in the machine.           362 00:22:08,040 --> 00:22:10,440        Her hands are all over it.     363 00:22:10,440 --> 00:22:14,520                                   364 00:22:25,880 --> 00:22:28,880         The composer wants to            project something of himself.    365 00:22:28,880 --> 00:22:33,160      The great works of art are          a projection of a human mind.    366 00:22:33,160 --> 00:22:37,200      And unless this machine can          accept and produce exactly      367 00:22:37,200 --> 00:22:40,360            this projection                of the composer's thought,      368 00:22:40,400 --> 00:22:43,440        then I think it's just            a machine and I can quite see    369 00:22:43,480 --> 00:22:47,640          why people can get               frightened at the thought.      370 00:24:18,240 --> 00:24:22,160          Pierre Schaeffer said,             "In between noise and music,    371 00:24:22,200 --> 00:24:24,800            "there is the hand                    of the musician."          372 00:24:24,800 --> 00:24:29,440           [speaking French]          373 00:24:29,440 --> 00:24:30,480                 Stop.                374 00:25:17,200 --> 00:25:21,760       [narrator] Eliane dreamt of           an unreal, impalpable music     375 00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:24,840        appearing and fading away                    like clouds             376 00:25:24,840 --> 00:25:27,040         in the blue summer sky.       377 00:25:27,040 --> 00:25:32,120                                   378 00:27:54,480 --> 00:27:58,040        [man] Greenwich Village is             mostly a state of mind.       379 00:27:58,040 --> 00:27:59,600                                   380 00:27:59,600 --> 00:28:03,000               The Village                      in the '50s had to be        381 00:28:03,040 --> 00:28:06,640       the most exciting, wonderful              place in the world.         382 00:28:06,640 --> 00:28:10,360           It was unbelievable,                 like Paris in the 20s.       383 00:28:10,360 --> 00:28:14,160                                   384 00:28:14,160 --> 00:28:19,160         We were married in '48,             and Louis' cousin brought us    385 00:28:19,160 --> 00:28:23,440           a tape recorder for                    a wedding present.         386 00:28:23,480 --> 00:28:25,880             I think we were                 the only ones in the country    387 00:28:25,880 --> 00:28:28,040            with that machine.         388 00:28:28,040 --> 00:28:31,560          We had all the artists             in The Village coming to us     389 00:28:31,560 --> 00:28:34,120           for recording work.         390 00:28:34,120 --> 00:28:36,320            surreal music           391 00:28:36,360 --> 00:28:40,600        I remember my first birth                     in water.              392 00:28:40,600 --> 00:28:43,200            I sway and float,          393 00:28:43,200 --> 00:28:46,480         stand on boneless toes,       394 00:28:46,480 --> 00:28:49,800              listening for                        distant sounds,           395 00:28:49,840 --> 00:28:54,760         sounds beyond the reach                    of human ears.           396 00:28:54,760 --> 00:28:57,120                                   397 00:28:57,160 --> 00:29:00,120                We started                       a recording studio.         398 00:29:00,120 --> 00:29:03,400           We built almost all                 the equipment ourselves       399 00:29:03,400 --> 00:29:06,160              because there                       wasn't any to buy.         400 00:29:06,200 --> 00:29:09,000       [man] The great American boy                is hard at work           401 00:29:09,040 --> 00:29:13,320           inventing, creating,                  building something.         402 00:29:13,320 --> 00:29:16,560         And the desire to build                and create new things        403 00:29:16,560 --> 00:29:18,240       is the energy that develops     404 00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:20,560         industrious, dependable       405 00:29:20,560 --> 00:29:23,640          citizens of tomorrow.        406 00:29:23,640 --> 00:29:25,640             It was exciting                       because you were          407 00:29:25,640 --> 00:29:27,360          building these things                and you're experimenting      408 00:29:27,360 --> 00:29:29,000        with the electronic media.     409 00:29:29,040 --> 00:29:31,120          [electronic sounds]         410 00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:35,760       [narrator] Louis made sounds         by overloading circuit boards,  411 00:29:35,800 --> 00:29:40,040      which Bebe then processed and          manipulated to create music.    412 00:29:40,040 --> 00:29:41,440                                   413 00:29:41,440 --> 00:29:43,400        To the writer, Anais Nin,      414 00:29:43,400 --> 00:29:45,000        it sounded like a molecule     415 00:29:45,000 --> 00:29:48,800           had stubbed its toe.        416 00:29:48,800 --> 00:29:53,400              And we started                working on avant-garde films.    417 00:29:53,400 --> 00:29:55,040             That's what this                       was all about,           418 00:29:55,040 --> 00:29:57,240           was the avant-garde.        419 00:30:08,480 --> 00:30:12,400       The sense of wonder and awe,    420 00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:14,280            the beauty coming                     from the circuits.         421 00:30:14,280 --> 00:30:18,440      I mean, we would just sit back          and let them take over.       422 00:30:18,440 --> 00:30:22,520                                   423 00:30:29,520 --> 00:30:33,240              These circuits                     are not instruments.        424 00:30:33,240 --> 00:30:35,600           They are performers.        425 00:30:35,600 --> 00:30:37,280          [Bebe] We would record       426 00:30:37,280 --> 00:30:41,240             everything that                  came out of the circuits.      427 00:30:41,240 --> 00:30:44,080              I spent hours                      and hours and hours         428 00:30:44,120 --> 00:30:46,880       listening to all that stuff.              - [Louis] Oh, yeah.         429 00:30:46,920 --> 00:30:48,240             Well, later you                       went through...           430 00:30:48,280 --> 00:30:49,120             - [laughs] Days.                      - Miles of tape.          431 00:30:49,120 --> 00:30:51,160               [Bebe] Yeah.            432 00:30:51,160 --> 00:30:54,240       [Louis] Incredible, and she           could hold it in her memory.    433 00:30:54,280 --> 00:30:55,840               - But also--                 - She could remember where to    434 00:30:55,840 --> 00:30:58,440         go for a certain feeling                   in the sound.            435 00:30:58,440 --> 00:31:01,800                                   436 00:31:01,840 --> 00:31:05,240            Bebe had a formal                     musical education.         437 00:31:05,240 --> 00:31:08,360             She made most of                the compositional decisions     438 00:31:08,360 --> 00:31:12,680       while Louis dealt more with          the technical side of things.    439 00:31:12,680 --> 00:31:15,040                                   440 00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:17,080               The Barrons'                      greatest achievement        441 00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:20,800            was with the music                  for Forbidden Planet.        442 00:31:20,800 --> 00:31:25,680          It was the first movie            with an all-electronic score.    443 00:31:25,680 --> 00:31:28,160                                   444 00:31:28,200 --> 00:31:31,960           The pride and joy of              that period was in coming up    445 00:31:32,000 --> 00:31:34,280              with the music                       for the monster.          446 00:31:34,280 --> 00:31:35,760                                   447 00:31:35,800 --> 00:31:40,600               We were just                       beside ourselves.          448 00:31:40,640 --> 00:31:45,080          Suddenly, this circuit                  started generating         449 00:31:45,120 --> 00:31:47,680         the most complex sounds.      450 00:31:47,680 --> 00:31:49,480                                   451 00:31:49,480 --> 00:31:53,120           The dying of Morbius        452 00:31:53,120 --> 00:31:56,440           was the actual dying                    of the circuits.          453 00:31:56,480 --> 00:32:00,560    [high-pitching whirring sounds]  454 00:32:27,680 --> 00:32:29,480                 We would                      have a credit that said,      455 00:32:29,520 --> 00:32:33,160           "Electronic music by                Louis and Bebe Barron."       456 00:32:33,160 --> 00:32:35,880        But a memo was circulated               among the executives.        457 00:32:35,880 --> 00:32:38,200          How would the American               Federation of Musicians       458 00:32:38,200 --> 00:32:42,520         respond to a credit that               says electronic music?       459 00:32:44,240 --> 00:32:46,040      The Musicians' Union would not  460 00:32:46,080 --> 00:32:50,400           allow the soundtrack                to be considered music.       461 00:32:50,400 --> 00:32:53,240                                   462 00:32:53,240 --> 00:32:56,200      They were afraid that someday          their jobs would be replaced    463 00:32:56,200 --> 00:33:00,080         by machines, and so they               would have none of it.       464 00:33:00,080 --> 00:33:04,560         That's why it's credited            as "electronic tonalities."     465 00:33:04,560 --> 00:33:09,080                                   466 00:33:09,080 --> 00:33:12,160         [Bebe] It was so awful.       467 00:33:12,160 --> 00:33:17,040              We were barely                  acknowledged as composers.     468 00:33:20,040 --> 00:33:25,120                                   469 00:33:44,880 --> 00:33:46,800            Prior to Dr. Who,          470 00:33:46,800 --> 00:33:50,400        there's a lot of distaste                of electronic music.        471 00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:54,240             Delia's music is                     absolutely crucial         472 00:33:54,240 --> 00:33:57,680               in changing                         that perception.          473 00:33:57,680 --> 00:34:00,520            [Delia] It's like                  a lighthouse, isn't it?       474 00:34:00,560 --> 00:34:03,040        I wonder what it's like up             there in a thunderstorm.      475 00:34:03,080 --> 00:34:06,000         Think of being up there                  on a starry night,         476 00:34:06,000 --> 00:34:08,000            with all the world                      at your feet.            477 00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:10,400              You get people                      who are writing in         478 00:34:10,440 --> 00:34:13,280          saying, "What is this?                   How is it made?"          479 00:34:13,280 --> 00:34:15,800          Imagine what life must                    have been like           480 00:34:15,800 --> 00:34:17,920             before samplers,                    before synthesizers,        481 00:34:17,960 --> 00:34:20,640            before sequencers?         482 00:34:20,640 --> 00:34:23,160       It took her 40 days to make             the "Doctor Who" theme.       483 00:34:23,200 --> 00:34:24,800                 40 days.              484 00:34:26,440 --> 00:34:29,040                                   485 00:34:29,080 --> 00:34:32,120             She would sample                    a green lamp shade,         486 00:34:32,160 --> 00:34:35,160         speed it up, reverse it,      487 00:34:35,160 --> 00:34:38,280       and just completely changed             the nature of the sound.      488 00:34:38,280 --> 00:34:43,320                                   489 00:34:47,440 --> 00:34:49,720                 This was                       a documentary program        490 00:34:49,760 --> 00:34:53,480         about the Tuareg tribe,       491 00:34:53,480 --> 00:34:56,240        the Tuareg tribe of nomads     492 00:34:56,240 --> 00:34:59,040          in the Sahara desert.        493 00:34:59,040 --> 00:35:02,440              In the piece,                       I tried to convey          494 00:35:02,440 --> 00:35:05,040       the distance of the horizon     495 00:35:05,080 --> 00:35:08,160            and the heat haze,         496 00:35:08,160 --> 00:35:13,160           the strand of camels              wandering across the desert.    497 00:35:13,160 --> 00:35:16,600         That, in fact, was made                  from square waves          498 00:35:16,600 --> 00:35:21,360         put through every filter               I could possibly find.       499 00:35:21,360 --> 00:35:26,440                                   500 00:35:39,400 --> 00:35:41,080           There must be a God.        501 00:35:41,080 --> 00:35:42,840             ethereal music          502 00:35:42,880 --> 00:35:44,120                 Oh, yes.              503 00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:49,200                                   504 00:35:51,560 --> 00:35:53,360         Delia Derbyshire created      505 00:35:53,360 --> 00:35:56,320  some very, very beautiful things          and some things that had      506 00:35:56,320 --> 00:35:58,240         a kind of a very strange               and unearthly quality        507 00:35:58,240 --> 00:36:00,760       that couldn't quite be got,      I think, by normal musical means  508 00:36:00,760 --> 00:36:03,160        and yet didn't sound as if     509 00:36:03,200 --> 00:36:06,520         they were electronically                   manufactured.            510 00:36:06,520 --> 00:36:11,480                                   511 00:36:11,480 --> 00:36:16,120              Some of it was                  worked out mathematically.     512 00:36:16,120 --> 00:36:19,200                                   513 00:36:19,200 --> 00:36:20,880        I've tried to get into it      514 00:36:20,880 --> 00:36:23,680         a feeling of simplicity       515 00:36:23,680 --> 00:36:26,600             and loneliness,           516 00:36:26,600 --> 00:36:28,960           of a man on a moon.         517 00:36:28,960 --> 00:36:34,000                                   518 00:36:39,160 --> 00:36:41,880         [Neil Armstrong] That's              one small step for man...      519 00:36:43,680 --> 00:36:47,880              one giant leap                         for mankind.            520 00:36:47,880 --> 00:36:49,360                                   521 00:36:49,400 --> 00:36:51,720               She created                        a kind of pathway          522 00:36:51,760 --> 00:36:54,320          for electronic music.        523 00:36:54,360 --> 00:36:57,760        I did all sorts of things             I was told I couldn't do.      524 00:36:57,760 --> 00:37:02,640         I think I've always been            a very independent thinker.     525 00:37:25,840 --> 00:37:27,160                [narrator]                     While the work of women       526 00:37:27,160 --> 00:37:29,120          like Delia and Daphne        527 00:37:29,120 --> 00:37:31,920         came from the deafening                  sounds of wartime,         528 00:37:31,960 --> 00:37:35,080       it was the chilling silence                 of the Cold War           529 00:37:35,080 --> 00:37:38,600             that took others                to the limits of listening.     530 00:37:42,080 --> 00:37:46,040        The bomb scare psychology                that was inculcated,        531 00:37:46,040 --> 00:37:48,160          that had a big effect                     on the artists           532 00:37:48,160 --> 00:37:50,640            that were emerging                      at that time.            533 00:37:50,640 --> 00:37:55,560           guitar rock music         534 00:37:55,560 --> 00:37:59,120          Everybody was pushing                 for opening things up,       535 00:37:59,120 --> 00:38:02,320          a kind of way through                 all the terrible stuff       536 00:38:02,320 --> 00:38:04,160            that was going on                 in the world at the time.      537 00:38:04,200 --> 00:38:06,160          So there was a lot of                  political motivation        538 00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:07,600        behind what we were doing.     539 00:38:07,640 --> 00:38:10,880          [crowd] Peace now!                  Peace now! Peace now!        540 00:38:13,520 --> 00:38:15,000          The effect was to say,       541 00:38:15,000 --> 00:38:18,640            okay, we've got                     to break through           542 00:38:18,640 --> 00:38:22,400         anything that was rigid,            anything that was limiting,     543 00:38:22,400 --> 00:38:24,280             and try to move                       things forward.           544 00:38:24,280 --> 00:38:28,360       [electronic warp sounds]       545 00:38:32,040 --> 00:38:35,280       The music scene was evolving    546 00:38:35,320 --> 00:38:37,120          into an area that was        547 00:38:37,160 --> 00:38:40,760         very fresh and exciting.      548 00:38:40,760 --> 00:38:44,680                                   549 00:38:44,680 --> 00:38:47,080            First time I heard                  live electronic music        550 00:38:47,080 --> 00:38:49,040             was early '60s.           551 00:38:49,040 --> 00:38:52,080           Pauline was on stage                   with an accordion.         552 00:38:52,080 --> 00:38:55,000       The room was exploding with      a sound that was ear-splitting.    553 00:38:55,000 --> 00:38:59,720         I had never experienced             that kind of volume before.     554 00:38:59,720 --> 00:39:04,600                                   555 00:39:13,240 --> 00:39:14,600             I can't remember                       when I wasn't            556 00:39:14,640 --> 00:39:17,360          interested in sounds.        557 00:39:17,360 --> 00:39:21,960        I remember particularly           things like riding in the car    558 00:39:22,000 --> 00:39:25,200     with my parents for instance,           maybe in the backseat,        559 00:39:25,240 --> 00:39:27,600          listening to the sound                     of the motor            560 00:39:27,600 --> 00:39:30,280        and listening to the sound              of my parents' voices        561 00:39:30,320 --> 00:39:32,640      being modulated by the motor.    562 00:39:32,640 --> 00:39:35,680         [indistinct modulated                  voices speaking]           563 00:39:35,720 --> 00:39:38,400          Listening to my father              turn his shortwave radio,      564 00:39:38,440 --> 00:39:42,200        listening to the whistles                and pops and static.        565 00:39:42,200 --> 00:39:44,160              I mean, I was                     always fascinated with       566 00:39:44,200 --> 00:39:46,640          the in-between sounds                    in the stations,          567 00:39:46,680 --> 00:39:47,880         just tuning in between.       568 00:39:47,880 --> 00:39:49,360              I loved that.            569 00:39:51,200 --> 00:39:53,200     [car radio changing stations]    570 00:39:53,200 --> 00:39:54,440           I credit my mother.         571 00:39:56,000 --> 00:39:57,360             For my birthday,          572 00:39:57,360 --> 00:39:58,760     she sent me a tape recorder,     573 00:39:58,760 --> 00:40:00,680          and that was a very                   significant event          574 00:40:00,680 --> 00:40:03,880          because nobody had                tape recorders, you know.      575 00:40:03,880 --> 00:40:05,400          It was in the 50s.          576 00:40:05,400 --> 00:40:07,440            [marching style                      music playing]            577 00:40:11,400 --> 00:40:13,200           I began to record--         578 00:40:13,240 --> 00:40:16,200         do field recording from                 my apartment window.        579 00:40:16,200 --> 00:40:17,440          [tram bell dinging]         580 00:40:19,640 --> 00:40:23,120             And then in 1959                     got started making         581 00:40:23,120 --> 00:40:25,960           a tape piece called                    Time Perspectives.         582 00:40:27,440 --> 00:40:31,400                                    583 00:40:40,240 --> 00:40:43,120      The tape recorder that I had,           it was possible to record      584 00:40:43,120 --> 00:40:47,160           by hand winding the                   tape in record mode.        585 00:40:47,200 --> 00:40:49,440         That gave me a variable                 speed so I could do         586 00:40:49,440 --> 00:40:51,840             some interesting                     things with that.          587 00:40:51,840 --> 00:40:56,080                                    588 00:40:56,080 --> 00:40:59,200          And I used the bathtub                  for reverberation          589 00:40:59,200 --> 00:41:03,200  and cardboard tubes as filters.    590 00:41:03,240 --> 00:41:06,640        I'd put microphones in the           tube and then record sounds     591 00:41:06,640 --> 00:41:08,440            through the tube.          592 00:41:08,440 --> 00:41:11,320                                    593 00:41:21,080 --> 00:41:24,520                                    594 00:41:29,920 --> 00:41:32,560           Eventually, I met up                 with a group of people       595 00:41:32,600 --> 00:41:34,200           who were interested                      in new music,            596 00:41:36,440 --> 00:41:38,640               which led to                        the founding of           597 00:41:38,640 --> 00:41:41,200            the San Francisco                     Tape Music Center.         598 00:41:44,200 --> 00:41:46,040            The San Francisco                     Tape Music Center          599 00:41:46,040 --> 00:41:49,200            was not associated                   with an institution.        600 00:41:49,240 --> 00:41:52,600        So it was friends brought              together what equipment       601 00:41:52,600 --> 00:41:54,440            they had to share.         602 00:41:57,400 --> 00:41:59,480            Our sense of what                       we were doing            603 00:41:59,480 --> 00:42:03,480        at that point was opening                a place where poets,        604 00:42:03,480 --> 00:42:08,320           painters, film, and                electronic or tape music,      605 00:42:08,360 --> 00:42:09,760         where all this stuff                    could be done.            606 00:42:11,560 --> 00:42:13,800              It was a sense                      of individuality.          607 00:42:13,840 --> 00:42:15,720             Nobody wanted to                    be like anyone else         608 00:42:15,760 --> 00:42:18,160              and everybody                      was very supportive         609 00:42:18,160 --> 00:42:20,120            of what everybody                      else was doing.           610 00:42:22,640 --> 00:42:24,400                                    611 00:42:24,400 --> 00:42:27,960          My interest was always                 in live performance         612 00:42:27,960 --> 00:42:31,520        and I started to find out             ways to use tape recorders     613 00:42:31,520 --> 00:42:33,440       and perform live with them,     614 00:42:33,440 --> 00:42:36,600           and that was making                   a tape delay system,        615 00:42:36,600 --> 00:42:38,480               which allows                         me to maintain           616 00:42:38,520 --> 00:42:41,080              that physical                    contact with the sound.       617 00:42:41,120 --> 00:42:43,840        [high pitched whirring]       618 00:42:43,840 --> 00:42:48,040      orchestral music playing      619 00:43:21,760 --> 00:43:24,240                  How do                      you exercise the canon of      620 00:43:24,240 --> 00:43:27,840       classical music of misogyny     621 00:43:27,840 --> 00:43:31,880          with two oscillators,              a turntable, and tape delay?    622 00:43:36,240 --> 00:43:38,880        Feminism was at the center              of what she was doing,       623 00:43:38,880 --> 00:43:41,840       and it's strange because it           seems like if the boys' club    624 00:43:41,880 --> 00:43:44,240         is going to pick a token             woman, you would not pick      625 00:43:44,280 --> 00:43:46,720              a woman who is                       that outspoken.           626 00:43:50,920 --> 00:43:52,680          Pauline was conscious                    of the fact that          627 00:43:52,680 --> 00:43:54,440            she was different.         628 00:43:54,440 --> 00:43:57,400             She had a streak                 of a revolutionary in her.     629 00:44:01,040 --> 00:44:02,800          Pauline, it was hard,                       you know,              630 00:44:02,800 --> 00:44:04,200               she had come                         out in the 50s           631 00:44:04,200 --> 00:44:08,040             and here she was                       a woman, gay,            632 00:44:08,080 --> 00:44:10,080            avant-garde music,         633 00:44:10,120 --> 00:44:12,560           each thing by itself                     would be hard,           634 00:44:12,600 --> 00:44:14,800            but she had three                   things that were hard        635 00:44:14,800 --> 00:44:16,360           and women composers         636 00:44:16,360 --> 00:44:18,360              were not being                     performed, you know.        637 00:44:18,360 --> 00:44:21,040                                    638 00:44:24,000 --> 00:44:25,560       [man] You wrote an editorial    639 00:44:25,600 --> 00:44:27,040          to the New York Times                      once called             640 00:44:27,040 --> 00:44:28,680             "Don't Call Them                     'Lady' Composers"          641 00:44:28,680 --> 00:44:30,200        - [Pauline] That's right.                  - Tell us about           642 00:44:30,200 --> 00:44:32,120              when you wrote                        that and why.            643 00:44:32,160 --> 00:44:35,080       [Pauline] I just want to be            introduced as a composer.      644 00:44:35,080 --> 00:44:37,240            That has caused me                    to use that title          645 00:44:37,280 --> 00:44:39,440               and to start                          to point out            646 00:44:39,440 --> 00:44:42,520        how hard it was for women               to be taken seriously        647 00:44:42,520 --> 00:44:45,120          as creators of music.        648 00:44:49,000 --> 00:44:52,560                                    649 00:45:02,400 --> 00:45:06,200                                    650 00:45:13,720 --> 00:45:17,600                [narrator]                     Go out walking at night.      651 00:45:17,640 --> 00:45:20,800       Tread so quietly the bottoms           of your feet become ears.      652 00:45:24,440 --> 00:45:26,680             Working with an                     all-women ensemble,         653 00:45:26,680 --> 00:45:29,560       instructions like these were             intended to encourage        654 00:45:29,560 --> 00:45:31,320             deep listening.           655 00:45:37,440 --> 00:45:42,240                                    656 00:45:48,120 --> 00:45:49,440         [Pauline] I was alarmed       657 00:45:49,480 --> 00:45:51,160              as many were,                           of course,             658 00:45:51,200 --> 00:45:53,200          with the Vietnam War,        659 00:45:53,240 --> 00:45:56,880      and I began to seek some ways             of working with sound        660 00:45:56,920 --> 00:46:01,160        that I could discover more            of a kind of inner peace.      661 00:46:12,600 --> 00:46:16,520         I found myself listening                   to long sounds           662 00:46:16,520 --> 00:46:18,920            and becoming more                       interested in            663 00:46:18,920 --> 00:46:21,200             what the sounds                        did themselves           664 00:46:21,200 --> 00:46:22,880            than what I would                       do with them.            665 00:46:24,360 --> 00:46:29,120       And as this work proceeded,     666 00:46:29,160 --> 00:46:31,280       I began to become interested    667 00:46:31,280 --> 00:46:33,800      in what the kind of listening    668 00:46:33,800 --> 00:46:37,160          I was doing did to me        669 00:46:37,200 --> 00:46:39,960      and my own internal processes.  670 00:46:40,000 --> 00:46:42,920                                    671 00:46:47,880 --> 00:46:50,120           [woman] Does it have                  social and political        672 00:46:50,160 --> 00:46:51,440         implications to you,         673 00:46:51,480 --> 00:46:52,640           the kind of music                     that you write?           674 00:46:52,680 --> 00:46:54,120               Oh, yes.               675 00:46:54,120 --> 00:46:56,000                Well...               676 00:46:56,000 --> 00:46:59,560              I feel that                      one's interactions,         677 00:46:59,560 --> 00:47:03,760        the way one relates in an             organization of any kind,      678 00:47:03,760 --> 00:47:05,360         is political and social       679 00:47:05,360 --> 00:47:07,200           and very important.         680 00:47:09,600 --> 00:47:13,440      The path that I hope to be on            is one where the energy       681 00:47:13,440 --> 00:47:18,480        that comes out of the work             that I do is beneficial       682 00:47:18,480 --> 00:47:20,840               to others as                        well as myself.           683 00:47:20,840 --> 00:47:23,920           I want my work to be                  mutually beneficial.        684 00:47:23,920 --> 00:47:26,320            I'm not interested                   in making an object         685 00:47:26,320 --> 00:47:28,720        of art and entertainment.      686 00:47:28,720 --> 00:47:31,160         I'm interested in making              something that helps me       687 00:47:31,160 --> 00:47:34,720          to grow and expand and               change as an individual       688 00:47:36,160 --> 00:47:38,480             and in relation                          to others.             689 00:47:40,680 --> 00:47:45,720                                    690 00:47:52,080 --> 00:47:53,960           [narrator] Pauline's                   preoccupation with         691 00:47:53,960 --> 00:47:57,800         how we hear and feel the            sounds within and around us     692 00:47:57,840 --> 00:48:01,000              were shared by                   Maryanne Amacher at MIT,      693 00:48:01,040 --> 00:48:03,240             who was sounding                       out the city.            694 00:48:03,240 --> 00:48:06,200         [high-pitch whirring]        695 00:48:15,400 --> 00:48:17,840            I had installed a                         microphone             696 00:48:17,840 --> 00:48:21,600            in eight locations                   at the Boston Harbor        697 00:48:21,600 --> 00:48:24,240            in the New England                      Fish Exchange            698 00:48:24,240 --> 00:48:27,240               connected to                        telephone links.          699 00:48:30,200 --> 00:48:32,440           It was very nice to                  come in late at night        700 00:48:32,440 --> 00:48:34,080          at 1:00 in the morning       701 00:48:34,120 --> 00:48:37,160           and just turn on the                mixer and have the sound      702 00:48:37,160 --> 00:48:40,720         coming from the distant              night when I liked it best     703 00:48:40,760 --> 00:48:43,280           because I could hear              patterns in various shapes.     704 00:48:45,280 --> 00:48:47,160          - [seagulls squawking]              - [high-pitched whirring]      705 00:48:49,640 --> 00:48:52,840         I realized, my, there's                a tone of this place.        706 00:48:52,880 --> 00:48:55,240       There's a whole undercurrent                that exists here          707 00:48:55,280 --> 00:48:59,000             that makes this                  recognizable in some way.      708 00:48:59,040 --> 00:49:01,160            It wasn't hard to                   analyze it in Boston.        709 00:49:01,160 --> 00:49:04,000        It was like a low F sharp.     710 00:49:04,000 --> 00:49:06,600            Then other places,                  for example, New York,       711 00:49:06,600 --> 00:49:08,520           it was like a low E.        712 00:49:08,520 --> 00:49:12,720                [rumbling]             713 00:49:12,720 --> 00:49:15,520         It wasn't that I wanted               the sounds of the birds       714 00:49:15,520 --> 00:49:18,640       or the sounds of the harbor             or any of these sounds,       715 00:49:18,640 --> 00:49:23,000      I really wanted to experience            and learn about hearing.      716 00:49:28,320 --> 00:49:30,040      [man] When people say to you,            "Yeah, but is it music?"      717 00:49:30,040 --> 00:49:31,480              After you say,                         "Yes it is,"            718 00:49:31,520 --> 00:49:33,280                how do you                         expand on that?           719 00:49:33,280 --> 00:49:36,200         [Maryanne] Well, I think       that's sort of an old question.    720 00:49:36,240 --> 00:49:38,600       Much of our music, classical              pop, has this beat,         721 00:49:38,640 --> 00:49:41,520             has this gallop,                       has this trot.           722 00:49:41,520 --> 00:49:45,560       I'm interested in music that            communicates some ideas,      723 00:49:45,560 --> 00:49:48,320             [eerie echoing]           724 00:49:48,360 --> 00:49:51,160        finding places where there              is space and dimension       725 00:49:51,160 --> 00:49:52,880              to the sound,            726 00:49:52,880 --> 00:49:55,920        sounds very, very far away                and very close up.         727 00:50:00,200 --> 00:50:02,720           Maryanne was really                      interested in            728 00:50:02,760 --> 00:50:04,960          contemporary science.        729 00:50:05,000 --> 00:50:07,400       She had been very interested               in muon research,          730 00:50:07,400 --> 00:50:11,640        these particles that speed              through the universe.        731 00:50:11,640 --> 00:50:14,440            She was constantly                      thinking about           732 00:50:14,440 --> 00:50:18,720        intersections of science,                  life, and sound.          733 00:50:25,120 --> 00:50:27,160                Her house                          was incredible.           734 00:50:27,200 --> 00:50:29,880         It was in breathtakingly                   bad condition.           735 00:50:31,680 --> 00:50:33,600              There was this                          whole rack             736 00:50:33,600 --> 00:50:35,600            full of these sine                     wave oscillators          737 00:50:35,640 --> 00:50:37,760               straight out                       of a physics lab.          738 00:50:40,040 --> 00:50:42,040             And there's this                    woman sitting there         739 00:50:42,040 --> 00:50:45,520        with this really intense,                   buzzy energy.            740 00:50:45,520 --> 00:50:49,120                                    741 00:50:49,120 --> 00:50:51,560               She'd have a                     rock-and-roll attitude       742 00:50:51,560 --> 00:50:53,480          towards, "I'm going to                make this whole house        743 00:50:53,480 --> 00:50:56,640        "vibrate and come alive."      744 00:50:58,960 --> 00:51:03,960       [frequencies reverberating]     745 00:51:26,760 --> 00:51:30,280              She wanted to                      develop an extremely        746 00:51:30,280 --> 00:51:33,120            rigorous approach                       to listening,            747 00:51:34,640 --> 00:51:37,400          to activating sights,        748 00:51:37,400 --> 00:51:41,720          to thinking outside of              composition as it's known.     749 00:51:41,720 --> 00:51:45,240                                    750 00:51:45,240 --> 00:51:47,440             She didn't want                        to push around           751 00:51:47,440 --> 00:51:50,280         dead white men's notes.       752 00:51:50,280 --> 00:51:53,720                                    753 00:51:56,720 --> 00:51:59,680               I wanted to                           create music            754 00:51:59,680 --> 00:52:02,400       where the listener actually     755 00:52:02,440 --> 00:52:05,360          had vivid experiences                    of contributing.          756 00:52:07,600 --> 00:52:11,160            In composing, I am                  conscious of the tones       757 00:52:11,200 --> 00:52:14,720             that you make in                   response to the tones        758 00:52:14,760 --> 00:52:16,200          that a musician plays.       759 00:52:21,280 --> 00:52:23,480          One of the phenomenon               she was most interested in     760 00:52:23,480 --> 00:52:25,400        was otoacoustic emission.      761 00:52:25,400 --> 00:52:27,240             She referred to                      them as ear tones.         762 00:52:28,880 --> 00:52:31,720       If you have two frequencies             and they sound together,      763 00:52:31,720 --> 00:52:34,720         the ear and the mind try              to sort of resolve them.      764 00:52:34,720 --> 00:52:37,120           There is an emergent                      third pitch.            765 00:52:39,400 --> 00:52:41,760       She can compose these outer             things that will produce      766 00:52:41,800 --> 00:52:43,240            this inner thing.          767 00:52:43,280 --> 00:52:45,400                                    768 00:52:45,440 --> 00:52:47,040         She would refer to it as      769 00:52:47,040 --> 00:52:48,560              ghost writing                     the listener's music.        770 00:52:53,240 --> 00:52:55,240            The first time one                   encounters her music        771 00:52:55,240 --> 00:52:58,120             and the way that                 it dances inside your ear      772 00:52:58,120 --> 00:53:01,080        is this light bulb moment.     773 00:53:01,080 --> 00:53:02,520        You can actually play with     774 00:53:02,520 --> 00:53:04,640             the physicality                       of the listener.          775 00:53:06,680 --> 00:53:10,840       [eerie frequencies echoing]     776 00:53:13,200 --> 00:53:14,480         [high-pitched frequency                       ringing]              777 00:53:19,400 --> 00:53:23,240      Merce Cunningham commissioned               a piece from her.          778 00:53:25,080 --> 00:53:26,920             You'd hear this                       very high pitch.          779 00:53:29,680 --> 00:53:31,560              And then there                      would be thunder,          780 00:53:31,600 --> 00:53:33,440          [thunder rumbling]          781 00:53:33,440 --> 00:53:36,600        beautiful thunder recorded              in stereoscopic sound        782 00:53:36,600 --> 00:53:38,880         that would shift across                      the room.              783 00:53:43,160 --> 00:53:46,800             And when it hit,                 there would be this array      784 00:53:46,800 --> 00:53:49,800           of other frequencies                   that would happen.         785 00:53:49,800 --> 00:53:51,720       It was very, very beautiful.    786 00:53:53,600 --> 00:53:58,440                                    787 00:54:11,000 --> 00:54:16,040         [high-pitched frequency                       ringing]              788 00:54:25,400 --> 00:54:28,200          [narrator] The idea of            a slowly evolving composition    789 00:54:28,240 --> 00:54:30,200         that alters the listener      790 00:54:30,200 --> 00:54:34,440        also fired the imagination                of Eliane Radigue.         791 00:54:37,800 --> 00:54:41,720                                    792 00:54:52,200 --> 00:54:55,680                                    793 00:55:23,440 --> 00:55:25,560            When I met Eliane,         794 00:55:25,600 --> 00:55:28,680        she had been working with              the Buchla synthesizer,       795 00:55:28,680 --> 00:55:31,840           yet this piece that                  she wrote, Chry-ptus,        796 00:55:31,840 --> 00:55:35,000             sounded nothing                        like a Buchla.           797 00:55:37,440 --> 00:55:41,680                                    798 00:56:19,480 --> 00:56:21,680              We're talking                      with Eliane Radigue         799 00:56:21,680 --> 00:56:23,480          who's here from Paris.       800 00:56:23,480 --> 00:56:25,560           Are you working with                   both synthesizers          801 00:56:25,560 --> 00:56:27,440            and tape recording                        processes?             802 00:56:27,480 --> 00:56:31,000                   Yes,                          the ARP synthesizer         803 00:56:31,040 --> 00:56:33,920          and the tape recorder.       804 00:56:37,040 --> 00:56:40,440           My main involvement                 with music is to work on      805 00:56:40,440 --> 00:56:43,240              slow changing                         of the sounds.           806 00:56:43,240 --> 00:56:44,880          [Charles] So in a way,       807 00:56:44,880 --> 00:56:46,640        you're working with time?      808 00:56:46,680 --> 00:56:49,160              [Eliane] Yes,                    my last work, Adnos II,       809 00:56:49,160 --> 00:56:53,240           is 75 minutes long,               and it couldn't be shorter.     810 00:56:53,240 --> 00:56:55,840       It just goes like a stream.     811 00:56:55,840 --> 00:56:59,640                                    812 00:57:07,040 --> 00:57:10,880                                    813 00:57:13,600 --> 00:57:15,800            I should say that                     this music I make          814 00:57:15,800 --> 00:57:17,560         is not so much welcome,       815 00:57:17,560 --> 00:57:19,360             except by a few                      people, of course.         816 00:57:19,360 --> 00:57:21,040       There is nothing in between.    817 00:57:21,040 --> 00:57:23,440             People likes it,                       or not at all.           818 00:57:23,440 --> 00:57:25,520       For the music establishment,    819 00:57:25,520 --> 00:57:27,640             they think that                     I don't make music.         820 00:57:27,680 --> 00:57:29,720            That's not music.          821 00:57:29,720 --> 00:57:32,720       [Charles] Oh, still arguing               about that, are we?         822 00:57:32,760 --> 00:57:34,760            [Eliane laughing]          823 00:57:34,760 --> 00:57:38,560           Our music was meant                    to be listened to          824 00:57:38,600 --> 00:57:40,800         in a different way than                 how you'd listen to,        825 00:57:40,800 --> 00:57:43,040            like, a pop song.          826 00:57:43,040 --> 00:57:45,400              In a pop song                      you're listening for        827 00:57:45,400 --> 00:57:47,680       melodies, harmonies, lyrics.    828 00:57:47,680 --> 00:57:50,840           In her music, you're                   listening not just         829 00:57:50,840 --> 00:57:53,480         for the things that are                changing in the sound,       830 00:57:53,480 --> 00:57:55,360             but for the way                     that the experience         831 00:57:55,400 --> 00:57:57,800      is changing your disposition.    832 00:57:57,840 --> 00:58:02,240                                    833 00:58:18,440 --> 00:58:21,800                                    834 00:58:32,040 --> 00:58:33,560          [crowd chattering]          835 00:59:08,720 --> 00:59:12,040                                   836 00:59:36,280 --> 00:59:39,440         [synthesizer playing]        837 00:59:39,480 --> 00:59:41,320                 I'll                        make it start very dull       838 00:59:41,360 --> 00:59:43,400           and then get very                    bright like that.          839 00:59:43,400 --> 00:59:45,680          It sounds more like                   a trumpet sound.           840 00:59:45,680 --> 00:59:49,960         [synthesizer playing]        841 00:59:58,480 --> 01:00:00,240                                   842 01:00:00,240 --> 01:00:02,160      And I'll add a little echo.     843 01:00:02,160 --> 01:00:05,280         [synthesizer playing]        844 01:00:05,280 --> 01:00:08,160         The transgressive act of      845 01:00:08,160 --> 01:00:11,080  recontextualizing these classic    846 01:00:11,080 --> 01:00:13,400        Western art music tropes,      847 01:00:13,440 --> 01:00:18,280      that takes a lot of strength,               humor, and vision.         848 01:00:22,200 --> 01:00:23,640                 Up until                            that moment,            849 01:00:23,680 --> 01:00:25,520             electronic music                      had this promise          850 01:00:25,520 --> 01:00:28,080        of a different vocabulary,              a different language,        851 01:00:28,120 --> 01:00:31,520             a new paradigm,                    a new way of working.        852 01:00:33,680 --> 01:00:36,240            Switched-On Bach,                    the way it impacted         853 01:00:36,240 --> 01:00:39,080        the public's consciousness     854 01:00:39,080 --> 01:00:42,440        of what a synthesizer was,     855 01:00:42,440 --> 01:00:44,240       was completely retroactive.     856 01:00:46,800 --> 01:00:50,280          Everybody thought that               these things were about       857 01:00:50,280 --> 01:00:53,000           replicating sounds.         858 01:00:53,000 --> 01:00:55,560                                    859 01:00:55,560 --> 01:00:58,560         To me, electronic music                     wasn't about            860 01:00:58,560 --> 01:01:00,760           making baroque music        861 01:01:00,800 --> 01:01:02,760            with new timbres.          862 01:01:02,760 --> 01:01:04,920            It was a different                      kind of music.           863 01:01:07,200 --> 01:01:10,040               You just had                      the Summer of Love.         864 01:01:10,040 --> 01:01:13,560            Everything we knew                  was being thrown out,        865 01:01:13,560 --> 01:01:15,360             [crowd shouting]          866 01:01:15,400 --> 01:01:17,560      and it was a whole new world.    867 01:01:17,600 --> 01:01:19,520             Electronics were                    part of that world.         868 01:01:20,880 --> 01:01:23,120           - What are they?               - Oh, these are patch cords.     869 01:01:23,120 --> 01:01:26,920    This is-- these are the things            that route the signal        870 01:01:26,920 --> 01:01:29,800        from one little module            to another to get the sound.     871 01:01:29,800 --> 01:01:32,160       You can patch it a lot of           different ways and the way      872 01:01:32,200 --> 01:01:35,640           you patch it will                 determine what you get.       873 01:01:35,680 --> 01:01:38,840          It's like creating                     an instrument.            874 01:01:38,840 --> 01:01:40,200              Do you know                    before you put them in        875 01:01:40,200 --> 01:01:42,040            what it's going                      to sound like?            876 01:01:42,040 --> 01:01:44,600          Well, you're always                going towards an idea.        877 01:01:44,600 --> 01:01:47,440     That's what makes you put the       patch cords in certain places.    878 01:01:47,440 --> 01:01:50,880         Part of an instrument                  is what it can do          879 01:01:50,920 --> 01:01:53,000           and part of it is                   what you do to it.          880 01:01:53,000 --> 01:01:55,640      The other part of music of              course is the motion         881 01:01:55,640 --> 01:01:58,080     and the personal involvement             that a musician gives        882 01:01:58,080 --> 01:01:59,680          to his instrument,          883 01:01:59,680 --> 01:02:01,800         and that's something                 that I happen to feel        884 01:02:01,840 --> 01:02:03,760             and have with                        synthesizers.            885 01:02:03,760 --> 01:02:06,200       So I play the synthesizer                  the same way             886 01:02:06,200 --> 01:02:08,760          somebody else would                 play cello or violin.        887 01:02:08,760 --> 01:02:11,200         [arpeggiator ringing]        888 01:02:11,200 --> 01:02:14,840                                   889 01:02:14,840 --> 01:02:17,480            For a classically                      trained pianist           890 01:02:17,480 --> 01:02:19,800             to turn her back                       on a keyboard,           891 01:02:19,840 --> 01:02:21,360               she's crazy.            892 01:02:21,400 --> 01:02:24,160           It was like learning                     a new language           893 01:02:24,160 --> 01:02:26,120         via the means of cutting                out your own tongue.        894 01:02:27,560 --> 01:02:28,920           Yeah, I can sing                        out of tune             895 01:02:28,920 --> 01:02:30,360      and it'll still be in tune      896 01:02:30,360 --> 01:02:32,200         because it depends on                  what I'm playing.          897 01:02:32,200 --> 01:02:34,960     This is all the pitch so you         don't have to really be able     898 01:02:35,000 --> 01:02:37,280          to sing to do this.         899 01:02:37,280 --> 01:02:39,240            So, it's great.                        it's great.             900 01:02:39,280 --> 01:02:40,680         Hello, hello, hello.         901 01:02:40,720 --> 01:02:42,600       I couldn't get a record deal    902 01:02:42,600 --> 01:02:44,440       because the record companies              were not interested         903 01:02:44,440 --> 01:02:46,240              in a woman who                        did not sing.            904 01:02:46,240 --> 01:02:47,800              One, one...             905 01:02:47,840 --> 01:02:51,480            Advertising wanted                    to be on the edge.         906 01:02:51,520 --> 01:02:54,280            They were looking                  for something different.      907 01:02:54,280 --> 01:02:56,760           I had total freedom.        908 01:02:56,760 --> 01:02:59,120            Nobody could tell                       me what to do.           909 01:02:59,120 --> 01:03:00,440       They didn't know what I did.    910 01:03:00,440 --> 01:03:05,200                                    911 01:03:09,600 --> 01:03:12,480          [man] The new Clairol                custom care coon brush.       912 01:03:15,240 --> 01:03:18,080            Atari is going to                   turn your head around.       913 01:03:18,080 --> 01:03:19,800                 Big news                          from Covergirl.           914 01:03:19,840 --> 01:03:22,400          There's a whole new                  thick lash mascara.         915 01:03:26,280 --> 01:03:28,480            The landscape that                she must have walked into      916 01:03:28,480 --> 01:03:30,280           must have been like                 something from Mad Men.       917 01:03:30,280 --> 01:03:32,080            I remember Suzanne                 telling me stories like       918 01:03:32,080 --> 01:03:34,880              she'd turn up                        early to set up           919 01:03:34,880 --> 01:03:36,840             all the modular                       gear in studios           920 01:03:36,880 --> 01:03:38,440           and a young engineer                 would come in and go,        921 01:03:38,440 --> 01:03:40,480          "Which mic are you                   going to sing on?"          922 01:03:40,480 --> 01:03:41,760           or, "What are you                 going to sing for us?"        923 01:03:41,800 --> 01:03:43,200             Because those                      stereotypes were           924 01:03:43,240 --> 01:03:45,080           so commonplace in                 studios in those days.        925 01:03:46,880 --> 01:03:49,640           Welcome to Xenon.          926 01:03:49,680 --> 01:03:52,240         More than anybody else,       927 01:03:52,240 --> 01:03:54,640            she built a career         928 01:03:54,640 --> 01:03:57,480        out of making weird music,     929 01:03:57,520 --> 01:04:00,520        which is something I think              everybody aspires to.        930 01:04:00,560 --> 01:04:01,920                 Oh...                931 01:04:01,960 --> 01:04:03,680         She had her own company.      932 01:04:03,680 --> 01:04:04,960           She was able to turn                 her art into something       933 01:04:04,960 --> 01:04:06,680             she can live on.          934 01:04:06,680 --> 01:04:08,840                 - Oh!                             - [echoing]             935 01:04:08,880 --> 01:04:12,000           Don't be afraid.           936 01:04:12,040 --> 01:04:16,640     This is my almost male voice.    937 01:04:16,640 --> 01:04:18,720          [audience laughing]         938 01:04:18,760 --> 01:04:20,200            Make the thing                     make noises for us.         939 01:04:20,200 --> 01:04:21,680            - Okay, let's--                    - Now first of all,         940 01:04:21,680 --> 01:04:22,840      why do you have this stuff?     941 01:04:22,840 --> 01:04:24,360       What do you do with this?      942 01:04:24,360 --> 01:04:26,040           Well, this is how                    I make a living.           943 01:04:26,080 --> 01:04:29,640         But I mean, you don't               go door-to-door saying,       944 01:04:29,640 --> 01:04:31,240      I'll make you sound goofy.      945 01:04:31,280 --> 01:04:32,680          Yeah, they call me.                     they call me.            946 01:04:32,680 --> 01:04:34,600         They call you, uh...         947 01:04:37,080 --> 01:04:41,880          [sound building up]         948 01:04:46,280 --> 01:04:48,520        [sound getting louder]        949 01:04:49,680 --> 01:04:51,480            Should I stop?            950 01:04:51,480 --> 01:04:54,240             No, let it go                   for about half an hour.       951 01:04:54,240 --> 01:04:56,400           That's wonderful.          952 01:04:56,400 --> 01:04:58,760              [applause]              953 01:05:01,640 --> 01:05:03,320               It was 1980.            954 01:05:03,320 --> 01:05:05,040            I was hired to do                    a Hollywood feature.        955 01:05:06,960 --> 01:05:09,360       It was a Lily Tomlin movie.     956 01:05:09,360 --> 01:05:13,600            Lily was a woman,                 the head of the production     957 01:05:13,600 --> 01:05:15,920        at Universal was a woman.      958 01:05:15,920 --> 01:05:18,800            So I had two women                  in positions of power.       959 01:05:18,800 --> 01:05:20,600             And guess what?                         I got hired.            960 01:05:20,600 --> 01:05:22,160        Is that package for me?       961 01:05:22,160 --> 01:05:24,600          Mike, it's for me.                      it's for me.             962 01:05:24,600 --> 01:05:27,800          I didn't know I was                    the first woman           963 01:05:27,800 --> 01:05:31,440          to be hired to score a               major Hollywood feature,      964 01:05:31,480 --> 01:05:35,600          and I didn't know that                 it would be 14 years        965 01:05:35,640 --> 01:05:37,040              until another                        woman was hired.          966 01:05:39,640 --> 01:05:42,040            We are casualties          967 01:05:42,040 --> 01:05:44,960          of a day-to-day system       968 01:05:44,960 --> 01:05:48,680              that operates                       without awareness          969 01:05:48,680 --> 01:05:50,400          that we're even there.       970 01:05:50,400 --> 01:05:52,280             Galaxy glue            971 01:05:52,320 --> 01:05:56,320        Life would go to pieces              without galaxy glue         972 01:05:58,120 --> 01:06:00,560        [Lauire] There weren't any      women composers that I knew of.    973 01:06:00,560 --> 01:06:01,960        I had never heard of one.      974 01:06:04,000 --> 01:06:06,360            Composers were old                     white dead men.           975 01:06:08,040 --> 01:06:11,600        It was just not something                 I ever thought of          976 01:06:11,600 --> 01:06:12,800         as something I could do.      977 01:06:14,760 --> 01:06:16,480            When they asked me                     in high school,           978 01:06:16,520 --> 01:06:18,800           "What would you like                 to do with your life?"       979 01:06:18,800 --> 01:06:20,480             I said, "I would                     love to do music."         980 01:06:20,480 --> 01:06:22,560           They said, "Totally                   out of the question.        981 01:06:22,560 --> 01:06:24,920          "You would have needed                to have music lessons        982 01:06:24,920 --> 01:06:27,000       "all during your childhood."    983 01:06:27,000 --> 01:06:30,120            So I did a degree                    in social sciences,         984 01:06:30,160 --> 01:06:34,160       but secretly I really always              wanted to do music.         985 01:06:34,160 --> 01:06:37,840        After I got my bachelor's               and moved to New York,       986 01:06:37,840 --> 01:06:39,800                I thought,                      I'm going to regret it       987 01:06:39,840 --> 01:06:41,680        for the rest of my life if           I don't give it a real try.     988 01:06:44,240 --> 01:06:46,920            - [piano playing]                     - [man vocalizing]         989 01:06:46,960 --> 01:06:51,400        I was taking ear training               and music at Juilliard       990 01:06:51,400 --> 01:06:54,400          and happened to be in                Mike Czajkowski's class.      991 01:06:54,400 --> 01:06:57,840            And he was working                   with Mort Subotnick.        992 01:06:57,840 --> 01:07:00,040           Mike dragged me down                    to Mort's studio          993 01:07:00,040 --> 01:07:03,280        and it was like music went     994 01:07:03,320 --> 01:07:05,000      from black and white to color.  995 01:07:05,040 --> 01:07:07,520                                    996 01:07:07,520 --> 01:07:09,000              I fell in love                    with electronic music.       997 01:07:09,000 --> 01:07:10,320          It completely changed        998 01:07:10,320 --> 01:07:12,000       the way I heard everything.     999 01:07:12,000 --> 01:07:13,840                The sounds                   of the traffic in the street    1000 01:07:13,840 --> 01:07:15,600       no longer sounded the same.     1001 01:07:18,440 --> 01:07:21,280             I always wanted                 to do something in the arts     1002 01:07:21,280 --> 01:07:25,080      that had to do with the real,              authentic experience        1003 01:07:25,080 --> 01:07:27,920             of being alive,                        in contrast to           1004 01:07:27,960 --> 01:07:31,320          the 1950s hypocritical              reality in which I lived,      1005 01:07:31,360 --> 01:07:34,040           in which everything                     was glossed over          1006 01:07:34,080 --> 01:07:35,600          with cotton candy.          1007 01:07:35,600 --> 01:07:38,280                                   1008 01:07:38,280 --> 01:07:40,160        A perfect dinner, Judy.       1009 01:07:40,200 --> 01:07:42,200           And you said she                    couldn't boil water         1010 01:07:42,200 --> 01:07:43,440          without burning it.         1011 01:07:46,600 --> 01:07:49,800         [Laurie] I got involved              in the downtown art scene,     1012 01:07:49,800 --> 01:07:51,880            which is like "try                   anything," you know?        1013 01:07:57,240 --> 01:07:59,760          [dissonant and random                    sounds playing]           1014 01:08:02,960 --> 01:08:07,960      I tackled learning the Buchla            modular analogue system.      1015 01:08:07,960 --> 01:08:10,560      While I could do all kinds of         wonderful things with sounds,    1016 01:08:10,600 --> 01:08:14,800       what I really wanted was the           precision of the computer.     1017 01:08:14,800 --> 01:08:18,560     I got involved with computers                  in music               1018 01:08:18,600 --> 01:08:22,400      out of frustration at other         ways of doing music, in part,    1019 01:08:22,400 --> 01:08:25,480          and also because of               the incredible potential       1020 01:08:25,520 --> 01:08:30,120      that they had for combining         the best of all other worlds,    1021 01:08:30,120 --> 01:08:31,760              let's say.              1022 01:08:31,760 --> 01:08:33,360        The memory, the logic,        1023 01:08:33,360 --> 01:08:35,320        the ability to actually                interact with sound         1024 01:08:35,360 --> 01:08:39,240          in real time began                     to be possible.           1025 01:08:39,240 --> 01:08:41,600         The complete freedom                       to define              1026 01:08:41,600 --> 01:08:44,160     any kind of world you wanted.    1027 01:08:44,160 --> 01:08:45,600                                   1028 01:09:01,920 --> 01:09:05,040           [sounds changing]          1029 01:09:10,200 --> 01:09:12,640              [rumbling]              1030 01:09:16,160 --> 01:09:21,160                                   1031 01:09:59,840 --> 01:10:04,320       Computers back then were the          enemy of the counterculture.    1032 01:10:04,360 --> 01:10:06,440          Computers belonged to               the banks and the military     1033 01:10:06,480 --> 01:10:09,440       and the insurance companies.    1034 01:10:09,440 --> 01:10:13,280       Computer music was the utter            dehumanization of music       1035 01:10:13,320 --> 01:10:15,120               rather than,                       to some few of us,         1036 01:10:15,120 --> 01:10:16,880         the liberation of it.        1037 01:10:16,880 --> 01:10:18,800        Do you mean to tell me             that you haven't heard it?      1038 01:10:18,800 --> 01:10:20,280        No, I haven't heard it.       1039 01:10:20,320 --> 01:10:22,000            Here, play it.            1040 01:10:22,040 --> 01:10:23,600     It's really terrific, Suzie.            Wait 'til you hear it.        1041 01:10:23,640 --> 01:10:25,080          Excuse me, ladies.          1042 01:10:25,120 --> 01:10:26,440       I have a special request.      1043 01:10:27,600 --> 01:10:30,280      [electronic music playing]      1044 01:10:33,720 --> 01:10:38,720                                   1045 01:10:53,920 --> 01:10:57,560              Laurie Spiegel                     was a ukulele player        1046 01:10:57,560 --> 01:10:59,400           among other things.         1047 01:10:59,400 --> 01:11:03,800         She had a sense of music           that is based in folk idioms,    1048 01:11:03,800 --> 01:11:05,800          and Appalachian Grove        1049 01:11:05,800 --> 01:11:08,000          is one of the earliest                computer music pieces        1050 01:11:08,040 --> 01:11:10,680            that anyone would                     want to listen to          1051 01:11:10,680 --> 01:11:13,680             more than once.           1052 01:11:13,680 --> 01:11:15,840            But to think that                      it was all done           1053 01:11:15,840 --> 01:11:18,200        by punching holes in cards     1054 01:11:18,200 --> 01:11:22,120             and running them               through the Bell Labs computer  1055 01:11:22,120 --> 01:11:24,200          is quite astonishing.        1056 01:11:24,200 --> 01:11:27,920                                    1057 01:11:38,800 --> 01:11:40,080     [Laurie] Technology is just,     1058 01:11:40,080 --> 01:11:42,920            it's a natural                      extension of man.          1059 01:11:42,920 --> 01:11:44,480            Man has always                     played with tools.          1060 01:11:44,520 --> 01:11:46,040            Man has always                      developed tools,           1061 01:11:46,080 --> 01:11:48,480           and it is a tool,                       it's not--              1062 01:11:48,480 --> 01:11:50,680          The machine doesn't                   write the music.           1063 01:11:50,680 --> 01:11:52,360         You tell the machine                      what to do,             1064 01:11:52,400 --> 01:11:54,680            and the machine                  is an extension of you.       1065 01:11:54,680 --> 01:11:58,760                                   1066 01:11:58,760 --> 01:12:01,120          Bell Labs was a great,                  great institution.         1067 01:12:02,360 --> 01:12:06,600       Everything changed after the           AT&T divestiture happened.     1068 01:12:06,600 --> 01:12:09,880             Bell Labs became                      product-oriented          1069 01:12:09,880 --> 01:12:11,560        instead of pure research.      1070 01:12:11,560 --> 01:12:12,800           [overlapping voices]        1071 01:12:15,280 --> 01:12:18,640           After I left there,                I was absolutely desolate.     1072 01:12:18,640 --> 01:12:22,080            I had lost my main                     creative medium.          1073 01:12:25,480 --> 01:12:27,320         [man] Laurie Spiegel,        1074 01:12:27,320 --> 01:12:29,120            you have a very                 fascinating new product,       1075 01:12:29,160 --> 01:12:31,560          a software program,                 which you created...         1076 01:12:31,560 --> 01:12:33,000                - Yeah.                     - ...called Music Mouse.       1077 01:12:33,000 --> 01:12:35,040       Can you tell us a little                  bit about that?           1078 01:12:35,040 --> 01:12:38,440      This is actually a program            which turns the Macintosh      1079 01:12:38,480 --> 01:12:40,320          into an instrument                     which you play,           1080 01:12:40,320 --> 01:12:44,400        and unlike traditional                    instruments,             1081 01:12:44,400 --> 01:12:47,440      on the other hand, it uses            the logic of the computer      1082 01:12:47,480 --> 01:12:50,400             supportively                    to musical expression.        1083 01:12:59,680 --> 01:13:01,760  [Laurie] I needed an instrument.  1084 01:13:01,760 --> 01:13:04,880       I wanted something which was         entirely under my own control    1085 01:13:04,880 --> 01:13:06,720             that didn't have                      to be marketable          1086 01:13:06,760 --> 01:13:08,840      or it didn't involve funding.    1087 01:13:08,840 --> 01:13:11,160          It was just something                     entirely mine.           1088 01:13:17,000 --> 01:13:18,400          It's the first time                  I've done something         1089 01:13:18,400 --> 01:13:19,720        essentially for myself        1090 01:13:19,760 --> 01:13:20,760         that I'm just really                   making available           1091 01:13:20,760 --> 01:13:22,200       to anybody who wants it,       1092 01:13:22,240 --> 01:13:23,600           and I hope a lot                   of people really get         1093 01:13:23,600 --> 01:13:25,040             a lot of good                      music out of it.           1094 01:13:25,040 --> 01:13:27,080       Everybody who's using it                 seems to be doing          1095 01:13:27,080 --> 01:13:28,360     something slightly different.    1096 01:13:28,360 --> 01:13:29,840        So I'll be interested,                      you know,              1097 01:13:29,880 --> 01:13:31,560         keeping my ears open                 for whatever you do.         1098 01:13:31,600 --> 01:13:33,000              Mouse ears.             1099 01:13:42,200 --> 01:13:44,200        She wasn't satisfied with      1100 01:13:44,240 --> 01:13:46,760         the given constraints of             what she was working with.     1101 01:13:46,800 --> 01:13:49,200          So she decided to make                  her own software.          1102 01:13:49,200 --> 01:13:52,480            She just embodies                    this idea of agency.        1103 01:13:52,480 --> 01:13:55,240                                    1104 01:13:58,640 --> 01:14:01,040            Her work was very                    much in the lineage         1105 01:14:01,040 --> 01:14:02,800       with the work of Daphne Oram    1106 01:14:02,800 --> 01:14:04,720        because of her engineering     1107 01:14:04,720 --> 01:14:08,640            of a new language                   for producing sounds,        1108 01:14:08,680 --> 01:14:10,680          and the support system                   for other people          1109 01:14:10,680 --> 01:14:12,280        to invent new soundscapes.     1110 01:14:18,040 --> 01:14:20,240            [woman] What's                   the most exciting thing       1111 01:14:20,240 --> 01:14:21,720       about the field for you?       1112 01:14:23,440 --> 01:14:28,000        Well, this is a time at              which many people feel        1113 01:14:28,000 --> 01:14:31,000        that there are a lot of                dead ends in music,         1114 01:14:31,000 --> 01:14:32,120           that there isn't                     a lot more to do.          1115 01:14:32,160 --> 01:14:33,600          This is actually...         1116 01:14:33,640 --> 01:14:36,400        I see this and through                   the technology,           1117 01:14:36,440 --> 01:14:38,640           I experience this                 as quite the opposite.        1118 01:14:38,680 --> 01:14:41,200       This is a period in which      1119 01:14:41,240 --> 01:14:43,400              we realize                      we've only just begun        1120 01:14:43,400 --> 01:14:45,880        to scratch the surface            of what's possible musically.    1121 01:14:45,880 --> 01:14:50,880                                   1122 01:14:53,400 --> 01:14:55,120      [narrator] Through technology,  1123 01:14:55,120 --> 01:14:58,560          voices are amplified,                   silence is broken,         1124 01:14:58,600 --> 01:15:00,440            spaces are shared.         1125 01:15:02,360 --> 01:15:05,040          The music in our head        1126 01:15:05,040 --> 01:15:07,800              can finally be                       heard by others.          1127 01:15:09,520 --> 01:15:10,640            [pigeon cooing]           1128 01:15:16,000 --> 01:15:18,880          [whooshing echoing]         1129 01:15:29,800 --> 01:15:31,600            We were, in a way,         1130 01:15:31,600 --> 01:15:33,800             trying to make a                    bit of a revolution,        1131 01:15:33,800 --> 01:15:35,200           but I don't think we                   would have put it          1132 01:15:35,200 --> 01:15:36,640         in such grandiose terms.      1133 01:15:36,640 --> 01:15:38,800       We were trying to put music     1134 01:15:38,800 --> 01:15:40,200        back in touch with itself.     1135 01:15:42,240 --> 01:15:44,840                                    1136 01:15:47,280 --> 01:15:48,880                And...                1137 01:15:48,880 --> 01:15:51,120                                   1138 01:15:51,160 --> 01:15:54,440                 Okay,                      and this has to go here.       1139 01:15:54,440 --> 01:15:56,040             This is here.            1140 01:15:56,040 --> 01:15:57,120              This is...              1141 01:16:01,040 --> 01:16:03,960                                   1142 01:16:16,240 --> 01:16:20,800        There were really no role            models for female composers     1143 01:16:20,800 --> 01:16:23,000          when I studied music.        1144 01:16:23,000 --> 01:16:24,200                                    1145 01:16:24,240 --> 01:16:27,120      Overall, we are incrementally    1146 01:16:27,160 --> 01:16:28,880         getting more visibility,      1147 01:16:28,880 --> 01:16:31,360        but it's two steps forward                and one step back.         1148 01:16:34,800 --> 01:16:36,960             And to this day                      it kind of irks me         1149 01:16:36,960 --> 01:16:40,080          that when I turn on my               favorite radio station,       1150 01:16:40,080 --> 01:16:42,560        it's just the male parade.     1151 01:16:42,560 --> 01:16:46,800                                    1152 01:16:57,920 --> 01:17:01,160              It is odd that                      electronic music,          1153 01:17:01,160 --> 01:17:04,360        it's generally considered                   a man's field.           1154 01:17:05,760 --> 01:17:09,560             Women have been                     so formative in it.         1155 01:17:11,640 --> 01:17:15,480                                    1156 01:17:19,840 --> 01:17:22,600        There has to be a complete             change of consciousness       1157 01:17:22,600 --> 01:17:24,960              throughout the                        musical field,           1158 01:17:24,960 --> 01:17:28,080        where they could begin to             teach music that's written     1159 01:17:28,080 --> 01:17:31,000        by women, as well as men,      1160 01:17:31,000 --> 01:17:32,880        as well as of all colors,      1161 01:17:32,880 --> 01:17:34,800           and it would effect                     a great change.           1162 01:17:38,360 --> 01:17:42,560        Listening is the basis of              creativity and culture.       1163 01:17:42,600 --> 01:17:46,680       How you're listening is and            how you develop a culture.     1164 01:17:47,960 --> 01:17:50,960           And how a community                     of people listen          1165 01:17:50,960 --> 01:17:53,240             is what creates                        their culture.           1166 01:18:01,720 --> 01:18:06,720                                    1167 01:19:20,360 --> 01:19:25,360                                    1168 01:19:28,240 --> 01:19:30,320          It's quite reassuring                    to realize that           1169 01:19:30,320 --> 01:19:35,080      I wasn't the only woman making         strange electronic music.      1170 01:19:35,120 --> 01:19:37,920               What relates                       all of these women         1171 01:19:37,920 --> 01:19:40,560            is this DIY thing.         1172 01:19:40,560 --> 01:19:42,760          And DIY is interesting             because it doesn't mean that    1173 01:19:42,760 --> 01:19:46,200      you've explicitly, voluntarily         chosen to do it yourself.      1174 01:19:46,200 --> 01:19:49,160           It's that there are                certain barriers in place      1175 01:19:49,160 --> 01:19:51,240             that don't allow                    you to do anything.         1176 01:19:54,880 --> 01:19:57,400       If you don't have the visual    1177 01:19:57,400 --> 01:19:59,000             or the knowledge          1178 01:19:59,000 --> 01:20:01,440        of there being any people      1179 01:20:01,440 --> 01:20:03,480           in the area of work         1180 01:20:03,480 --> 01:20:05,560          that you're interested             in that are similar to you,     1181 01:20:05,600 --> 01:20:09,200           then you don't think              that it's possible for you.     1182 01:20:12,080 --> 01:20:15,160            There is something                psychological that happens     1183 01:20:15,160 --> 01:20:17,600               when you can                   see yourself in the people     1184 01:20:17,600 --> 01:20:19,120        who are being celebrated.      1185 01:20:46,280 --> 01:20:48,480               [exhales]              1186 01:21:08,880 --> 01:21:13,600                                   1187 01:21:19,160 --> 01:21:21,920       Your eyes are set on stun     1188 01:21:21,960 --> 01:21:24,280   You are hotter than the sun     1189 01:21:24,280 --> 01:21:26,040        I love to see you shine      1190 01:21:26,040 --> 01:21:30,320            Because you really                     blow my mind            1191 01:21:33,840 --> 01:21:35,680   Your heart beats like a drum   1192 01:21:35,720 --> 01:21:37,600   It hammers when you're gone     1193 01:21:37,600 --> 01:21:39,800            The terms with you                    and me are up            1194 01:21:39,800 --> 01:21:41,400              Set us free            1195 01:21:43,440 --> 01:21:46,440             Synthesize me           1196 01:21:46,440 --> 01:21:49,480              Hypnotize me           1197 01:21:49,480 --> 01:21:52,920              Humanize me            1198 01:21:52,920 --> 01:21:55,960              Energize me            1199 01:21:55,960 --> 01:21:59,200             Synthesize me           1200 01:21:59,200 --> 01:22:02,360              Hypnotize me           1201 01:22:02,360 --> 01:22:05,200              Humanize me            1202 01:22:05,200 --> 01:22:08,240              Energize me            1203 01:22:19,040 --> 01:22:21,640       Your eyes are set on stun     1204 01:22:21,680 --> 01:22:24,240   You are hotter than the sun     1205 01:22:24,240 --> 01:22:26,200        I love to see you shine      1206 01:22:26,200 --> 01:22:30,320            Because you really                     blow my mind            1207 01:22:34,120 --> 01:22:35,680   Your heart beats like a drum   1208 01:22:35,720 --> 01:22:37,560   It hammers when you're gone     1209 01:22:37,560 --> 01:22:39,880            The terms with you                    and me are up            1210 01:22:39,880 --> 01:22:43,440              Set us free            1211 01:22:43,440 --> 01:22:46,280             Synthesize me           1212 01:22:46,280 --> 01:22:49,520              Hypnotize me           1213 01:22:49,520 --> 01:22:52,480              Humanize me            1214 01:22:52,480 --> 01:22:56,160              Energize me            1215 01:22:56,160 --> 01:22:59,040             Synthesize me           1216 01:22:59,040 --> 01:23:02,480              Hypnotize me           1217 01:23:02,480 --> 01:23:05,440              Humanize me            1218 01:23:05,440 --> 01:23:08,040              Energize me            1219 01:23:25,840 --> 01:23:28,280                I've seen                      the rings of Saturn         1220 01:23:28,280 --> 01:23:31,680   And the craters on the moon     1221 01:23:31,680 --> 01:23:35,000             Oceans of Venus                  in the middle of June        1222 01:23:36,920 --> 01:23:41,280            Mirrors of Mercury               and Mars' electric skies      1223 01:23:43,240 --> 01:23:46,840            Pearls of Neptune                   in Jupiter's eyes          1224 01:23:49,600 --> 01:23:54,320           I heard the old man                  who plays the lake         1225 01:23:54,320 --> 01:23:59,080         Amazing things will make               you want to shake          1226 01:24:06,560 --> 01:24:11,480            A strange planet a               zillion lightyears away       1227 01:24:13,200 --> 01:24:17,840           Through a black hole                across the Milky Way        1228 01:24:22,480 --> 01:24:25,280                                    1229 01:24:25,280 --> 01:24:28,280             Synthesize me           1230 01:24:28,280 --> 01:24:31,560              Hypnotize me           1231 01:24:31,560 --> 01:24:34,400              Humanize me            1232 01:24:34,400 --> 01:24:37,640              Energize me            1233 01:24:37,640 --> 01:24:40,720             Synthesize me           1234 01:24:40,720 --> 01:24:44,280              Hypnotize me           1235 01:24:44,280 --> 01:24:47,200              Humanize me            1236 01:24:47,200 --> 01:24:50,560              Energize me            1237 01:24:50,600 --> 01:24:53,240           Don't patronize me        1238 01:24:53,240 --> 01:24:56,160           Don't glamorize me        1239 01:24:56,200 --> 01:24:59,560           Don't paralyze me         1240 01:24:59,600 --> 01:25:02,880         You can't surprise me       1241 01:25:02,920 --> 01:25:06,200              Harmonize me           1242 01:25:06,240 --> 01:25:09,200              Mesmerize me           1243 01:25:09,240 --> 01:25:12,200              Solarize me            1244 01:25:12,200 --> 01:25:14,960             Synchronize me          1245 01:25:18,320 --> 01:25:23,200             Synthesize me           152210

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