All language subtitles for Jesus His Life s01e03e04 Mary - Caiaphas.eng-en

[dramatic music]

♪

- The story of Jesus

is the greatest story
ever told.

- [shouting]

- Where is he?

♪

male narrator:
For over 2,000 years,

the story of Jesus Christ
has touched the lives

of billions around the globe.

[whip cracking]
- [screaming]

- Jesus felt what we felt.

He faced what we face today.

♪

- If we want to understand
Western history at all,

we must understand
the story of Jesus.

narrator: Now for the first
time, his story is told

through the eyes of those
who knew him best.

- Is that my son?

- Mary the mother of Jesus
is a critical figure

in Christianity today.

- Stay safe.

- But the relationship
between Mary and Jesus

is a complicated one.

- Today this Scripture has been
fulfilled in your hearing.

- He was going to make choices
that were beyond her control.

- This man is no Messiah!

- Mary understood
that Jesus was special,

Jesus had a mission.

Jesus was going to live
his life differently.

♪

- You can't stop them.
- I have to try.

♪

- My name is Mary,
the mother of Jesus.

I've always known

there was a special plan
for my son,

a plan God would
someday reveal.

♪

I've longed for that moment,
and I feared it.

♪

Jesus?

- Jesus?

- We don't know much about
Jesus as a child.

We hear about his birth,

and we hear about
his adult ministry.

But there's only one story
in the Bible

of Jesus
as a young boy.

- Excuse me,
have you seen a little boy?

No?

- All right, come on.

♪

- When Jesus is 12 years old,
Mary and Joseph take him

to Jerusalem to visit
the temple at Passover.

[indistinct chatter]

- Jerusalem would have been
a madhouse at Passover.

You have Jews from all over
the regions of the Roman Empire

here in their holy city
during this time.

- Upon their return,
Joseph and Mary realize

that Jesus isn't among them.
They couldn't find him.

I can't imagine what was going
through their minds.

[dramatic music]

- Jesus.

♪

Jesus!
- Mary.

Come on.
- It's not him.

- Come on.

♪

Tomorrow we will find him.

♪

- Yes.

- Mary knew that Jesus
was the son of God,

that Jesus was potentially
a threat to the Roman Empire.

And so when Jesus disappeared,
it's likely that she was

really concerned about
his well-being.

♪

- My only mission was
to keep Jesus safe.

When he was young,

Joseph and I had to flee
to save his life.

♪

- [shouting]

[all screaming]

♪

- Mary, come on.

Let's go.

- When Jesus was
a very young child,

King Herod tried
to have him killed.

♪

This was known as
the Massacre of the Innocents.

- [shouting]
- No, my son!

- [screaming]

♪

- So to escape certain death,

Mary and Joseph fled to Egypt
with the infant Jesus.

♪

It's only after Herod's death
that they returned

to Galilee and they make
their home in Nazareth.

- This is almost like a
retelling of the Exodus story.

They're coming out of Egypt and
back into the Promised Land.

♪

- After several days of
frantically searching the city,

Mary and Joseph finally turn
to the temple mount.

[distant shouting]

- Now Jesus was gone.
Who was he with?

Why did he leave us?
I didn't understand.

♪

- Jesus!

Have you seen a young boy
running around here?

- Have you seen a little boy?

No one?

- The temple in Jerusalem was
regarded not just as we would

regard a church
or a synagogue today.

It was regarded
as the house of God.

- Look--
- I've asked everyone.

- We will find him.

We're looking for our son,
Jesus.

He's 12.
- Yes, yes.

♪

- Come on.

- When they finally
locate Jesus,

he's up in the temple
apparently holding court

with some of
the religious figures

debating with them,
and they're astonished

at some of the things
he knows.

♪

- Why have you treated us
like this?

- Your mother and I have been
searching everywhere for you.

- Why were you searching
for me.

- Mary is shocked
to find him there,

and he turns around
and sort of says, "Well,

"what did you expect?

"Where did you expect
to find me?

"You should have known that
I had to be here

in my Father's house."

- This is the only story
from the Bible we have

of Jesus as a child.

The whole point is to show
Jesus was special,

even at a young age.

At 12 years old,

there was something
different about him.

- This was the first notion
that Mary had that he was

going to make choices that
were beyond her control

and that were a part of what he
had been called to live out.

♪

- Until now, Joseph and I
had kept Jesus safe

knowing his secret wouldn't
be ours forever.

♪

- The New Testament doesn't
tell us anything more

about Jesus until he's
a grown man.

♪

We don't even know what
happens to Joseph.

The tradition is that he dies

before Jesus begins
his adult ministry.

♪

- Many Christians today would
be surprised to hear

that Jesus had
brothers and sisters,

but it's very clearly
and unambiguously stated

in the New Testament.

♪

- We don't know the names
of Jesus' sisters,

but the Gospels of Matthew
and Mark give us the names

of his brothers:
Simon, Judas, Joses, and James.

- There's a great debate over
whether these brothers

and sisters are actually Jesus'
direct brothers and sisters

biologically from
Mary and Joseph

or stepchildren from Joseph
and another.

- Catholics believe that Mary
was always a virgin,

and so many Catholics believe
these may have been

Joseph's children
from a former marriage.

Protestants have no problem
with Jesus

having natural brothers
and sisters.

♪

We know very little about
what's called

the Hidden Life of Jesus,
which are the years

from 12 to 30.

But we presume him
to be a carpenter

who's been working in Nazareth
all this time.

♪

- Joseph's death
would have had

a significant impact
on Mary.

It would have really shifted
her relationship with Jesus

because now Jesus
as her firstborn son

should have taken the role
of the man of the house.

♪

- Must you leave now?

- I must.

♪

- Jesus left his brothers
to do the job

of supporting the family.

And I think that there
was very likely

some animus between Jesus
and his brothers,

especially James,
precisely because of this.

♪

- I think Jesus left Nazareth
because of a deep-seated call.

He knows his time.

- As his mother,
I've done all I could.

I could see he now had
to leave me.

♪

I didn't know where
or to what,

but I had faith in God
and my son.

♪

♪

- Is that my son?

[laughing]

- Mom.

- Months passed with no word,

but when I finally
saw Jesus again,

he was different...

You look well.
[laughs]

Happy, surrounded by friends,
a man with a new purpose.

- The very first time that we
know for sure after Jesus

had already begun
collecting disciples

that he saw his mother is
at the wedding feast in Cana.

♪

- Cana is a small village
not far from Nazareth.

♪

And it's important in Jesus'
ministry because

it's the site of Jesus'
first public miracle.

♪

- Mary noticed great changes
in Jesus when she saw him again

at the wedding at Cana.

Jesus had not only gone
and been baptized

and been blessed
by the Holy Spirit,

but he had gone through
the temptations of the desert.

- [breathing heavily]

♪

- He had fought all of those
great struggles and won.

- Peter.

Andrew, John,
Philip.

This is my mother.

- Well, the wedding of Cana
was really the point

where Jesus launched
his ministry.

He's now with a number
of fishermen

who are his disciples.

- It's good to meet you.

- I'm not sure the disciples
were actually invited.

You know, they just might
have come along

kind of like the wedding
crashers, you know?

- You are very welcome here.

I will get you something
to drink,

some wine.

- Mary is quite involved
in the wedding in Cana.

She seems to be close friends
with the bride and the groom.

♪

- Jewish weddings at this time
lasted for several days.

The drinking lasted many days
late into the nights.

- They were one of the rare
occasions where even

a poor family might
celebre in excess.

[suspenseful music]

- Running out of wine

at a first-century
Jewish celebration

would have been embarrassing,

especially at such a family
and communal celebration.

- It could well be that Mary
not only felt responsibility

about the wine itself but also
that this was an opportunity

for her son to make a statement
about his ministry.

♪

- They've run out of wine.

- Mary says to him,
"They've run out of wine,"

as if to say,
"You should really

do something about this."

Jesus' response
is almost snippy.

- Dear woman,
why do you involve me?

- He calls her woman.
He doesn't call her Mother

because Jesus has to act
on the authority

of his Heavenly Father,
not his earthly mother.

- It's not my time yet.

- She's encouraging him
to embrace who he is.

Embrace who he knows he is and
embrace who she knows he is.

- Do whatever he tells you.

♪

- Fill these jars with water.

♪

Now draw some out.

♪

- It was the first public
miracle that Jesus performed.

It let people know there was
something different

about this man Jesus,

and it was the prelude
of many miracles to come.

- Jesus is clearly
different now.

He's the wonder worker.
He's the miracle worker.

He is the Messiah
in front of everyone

and in front of Mary,
his mother, too.

- What did I expect of him?
I didn't know.

But I didn't anticipate
what Jesus would do next.

[uplifting music]

♪

- Mary seems to have moved
the heart of Jesus.

Jesus doesn't seem to be ready
to begin his public ministry

with the first miracle,
and yet Mary says to Jesus,

"This is the time.
Look, these people need you."

[chickens clucking]

- Make me understand the way
of your precepts.

[suspenseful music]

And I will meditate
on your wondrous work.

♪

- This is a pivotal place
in Jesus' ministry,

when the miracles
start to happen.

When he's going to be healing
and teaching and preaching

and start to live
into his calling.

- People are talking.

The drunken believe
what they see.

♪

- And you don't?

- The behavior of Jesus would
have certainly caused

tension with his siblings,
especially James.

He is moving into incredibly
dangerous territory.

♪

- I could see how the changes
in Jesus frightened James.

But I didn't know yet
how others would react.

♪

- People Jesus knew as he was
growing up were Galileans.

So they were provincials
slightly mocked by the grand,

more sophisticated
people in Jerusalem.

♪

They were pious.
They lived simple Jewish lives

and had an ideal dream life
of Jewishness

ruled by a heroic king,
the Messiah.

♪

- When Jesus returns
to Nazareth

having begun his
adult ministry,

he goes and speaks
in the synagogue.

- The spirit of the Lord
is upon me.

Because he has anointed me
to bring good news to the poor.

He has sent me to proclaim
release to the captives

and recovery of sight
to the blind,

to let the oppressed
go free.

- Jesus read from
the Book of Isaiah,

and he talked about the coming
of the Messiah.

And in doing this, he starts
to imply for the first time

that he may himself be
the much longed for Messiah.

- Today this Scripture has been
fulfilled in your hearing.

- Does he even know
what he's saying?

[indistinct chatter]

- He's presenting himself
as a Messiah, as the Messiah,

which they'd been waiting on,
and all of a sudden

it's their--it's the little boy
that grew up down the street?

It's you?
Can't be.

- He's not saying it outright.

But you can't help but hear
what Jesus is saying.

- Is this a joke?
This man is no Messiah!

- The religious scholars
were hearing blasphemy.

And the traditionalists who had
been waiting for a Messiah

who would be a kind similar
to David were upset.

- Truly I tell you no prophet
is accepted in his hometown.

- Please!

- Jesus was surprised
by the reaction.

He says, "A prophet is not
welcome in their hometown--

is not honored
in their hometown,"

which is a fiery response
to come back.

I think he was a bit shocked.

But he continued and pressed
the issue even more,

and they reacted
fairly violently.

[all shouting]

- It gets very extreme
in the synagogue.

His neighbors rise up.

They intend to take
him out to a hill,

throw him off,
and stone him.

[all shouting]

♪

- Now his life is in real
danger because

in the first century,
harsh sentences were

metered out for all sorts
of transgressions.

[all shouting]

- So here's Jesus.

The crowd's pushing him
toward the cliff,

holding him as he is getting
nearer to the edge.

- That would be terrifying.

Now his life is in peril.

- This story leads to a climax

where simply because of Jesus'
presence and conviction

and lack of fear and cowering,

he's able to triumph.

♪

- And Scripture says,

"And he passed through
the multitude."

♪

- He's able to ease himself
out of there,

short of death,
and leaves.

♪

- He was prepared
for rejection,

and he predicted it.

♪

He goes back to Nazareth
to try to make clear to them

that something
big is happening,

but he's not expecting much
of a positive response.

♪

- The act of running
Jesus out of town

fits completely
with the Scripture.

The statement that Jesus

is not only prophet
but will become Messiah,

that prophets are not accepted
in their own town.

- He was only beginning
to realize his power.

But now my neighbors saw Jesus
as more than just my son.

♪

And I was afraid for him.

[dramatic music]

♪

- After Jesus spoke
at the synagogue,

some of our neighbors
were angry.

Others were resentful.

They didn't understand.

♪

- I would bet that Mary
got furious about

the reaction
in Nazareth.

Here's her son,
the person that she

has held up,
nurtured,

worked towards being a Messiah,
and yet he's rejected

by her friends, her home,
her family, her neighbors.

♪

- Look, if you're someone
claiming to be

the Messiah in the Galilee,

this is gonna do nothing
but attract Rome.

[footsteps thudding]

- Jesus' claims of being the
Messiah puts not only Jesus

at risk but it puts the entire
village of Nazareth at risk.

We're situated in a world
in which the Romans do not

respond kindly to the idea
of their power,

their kingship,
being challenged by anyone

and for any reason.

[all shouting]

- When Jesus was a little boy,
there was a rebellion

in a town called Sepphoris
near his home in Nazareth.

The Romans sent in
15,000 legionaries.

They massacred the rebels.
They burned the town.

And afterwards they crucified
2,000 Jews.

[dramatic music]

The message was clear.

Rome was the greatest empire
in the world.

And this is what happened
if you rebelled against it.

♪

- I knew they were frightened.

But I prayed that someday
they would embrace my son.

♪

- After Jesus is rejected
in Nazareth,

he heads down to Capernaum
on the Sea of Galilee,

and it's here where
the adult ministry

of Jesus really begins.

- Capernaum is the
international crossroads

into Galilee,

roads coming all the way
from Damascus

through to Egypt.
Huge influx of visitors.

They were people coming from
all different traditions,

all different areas,
and it makes complete sense

that Jesus made an intentional
decision to base in Capernaum

to give the broadest audience
the widest hearing

of his message.

- It's while Jesus is based
in Capernaum that he sought

to travel around the smaller
towns and villages of Galilee,

and his reputation
starts to grow.

He now starts preaching
in earnest

and performing miracles.

- [distant chatter]

- Performing miracles for
Jesus was a dangerous task.

He was doing something
that was going to turn

the world upside down.

He was building this deep
relationship with people,

not just through teaching
of Scripture,

but he was touching
and healing,

walking with,
and speaking with the very

people Rome disrespected.

- [grunting]

- And now people
are listening to him.

His story, his fame,
is spreading everywhere.

[dramatic music]

♪

The ministry of Jesus
is centered

on those who have their backs
against the wall,

those who are marginalized
and dismissed by society,

forgotten by everyone.

♪

- In the Gospel,
a leper comes to Jesus

and asks to be healed.

♪

- Leprosy is mentioned 13
times in the New Testament,

so it's clearly
a very common disease,

a very feared one.

Takes years to kill you,
and there's no cure.

But it also means that
the person who has leprosy

is the most despised figure
in society.

It was widely believed
that it was contagious.

♪

- Leprosy is a bacterial
disease that was

a death sentence
in the ancient world.

♪

- Be clean.

- And yet Jesus reaches out
and touches the leper,

and the leper is healed.

♪

- When Jesus healed a leper,
it shows us that he's concerned

about the marginalized,
those that are cast out.

Lepers you weren't
supposed to touch,

they were seen as unclean.

Yet he went to them,
he loved them,

and he healed them.

♪

- We began to hear stories.
I was proud of Jesus,

but I also feared for my son.

♪

- There has been talk
about Jesus.

They say he's healing the sick.

- Don't, Judas.

- Once Jesus started
performing healings,

once his ministry
started growing,

there was actually a danger
to his family back in Nazareth.

♪

- If Jesus was in danger,
Mary and his brothers

and his sisters were
in danger as well.

♪

- His preaching
is what concerns me.

♪

They're calling him a madman,

and, worse,
a charlatan.

♪

- What else have you heard?

- He even touched a leper.
- Jude, stop.

- He made him clean.
- This is too much.

- He's helping people.
- He behaves like a Baptist.

And they served his head
on a plate.

- If his own brothers
couldn't embrace him...

Jesus.

What would happen
to my son?

♪

- Are the things they say true?

- What do they say?

- That you heal the sick.

♪

- In John's Gospel,
there's a story where

Jesus' brothers confront him
and they want to know

why he doesn't reveal
himself in public.

- Why have you returned?

♪

Do you even care about the
trouble this will bring us?

♪

- I think his family is worried
because they know how

violent the Roman
government can be.

They have seen it before.

And they also know that
the Jewish leaders

could be very vicious too,
when it comes to threatening

their power,
threatening their authority.

♪

- Why don't we leave here
and go to Judea,

where your followers
can see your miracles?

- Finish your food, James.

- No one who wants
to be famous acts in secret.

- My time has not yet come.

♪

- Jesus says over
and over again,

"My time has not yet come,"

and so when his
brothers push him.

It's very easy to read Jesus
as being frustrated

that he has this responsibility
that they don't have,

and that that's a point
of contention in the family.

- You played on the ashes
of Sepphoris.

So you know your words
and deeds put us all in danger.

- Enough.

- I have to wonder if James
was not a supporter of Jesus

out of sibling rivalry.

- In what family is any
brother a supporter

of any other brother when
a brother is walking around

proclaiming to be
the Son of God, right?

♪

- His own brothers couldn't
grasp what Jesus was saying.

And each time he left,
it became harder to explain.

♪

I didn't know what
would come next.

But I knew everything
was changing.

♪

I believe Mary is always
aware of Jesus' calling

and Jesus' character.

His siblings, the
Scriptures aren't so clear.

So I think Mary's the one
that was always there for him,

always locked down,
and always supportive,

and clear on his call.

♪

- With Mary,
there's this tension.

She knows Jesus is the Messiah,
but she's his mother.

She wants to guide him
and protect him,

but she knows he has
a greater purpose.

♪

- Love your enemies.
Do good to those who hate you.

♪

Bless those who curse you.

- In Galilee,
Jesus begins preaching

and performing miracles.

And in the same way that his
hometown rejected him,

people in Capernaum
start to follow

and pay attention to Jesus.

- If someone slaps you
on one cheek,

you turn to them
the other also.

♪

- The Sermon on the Mount
is the most important speech

that Jesus makes in the Bible.

- Do to others as you would
have them to do you.

- It speaks to desires
and ethics, you know,

that many nations have
attempted, uh,

to write into some
of their own policy.

♪

- Do not judge.
You will not be judged.

Forgive and you
will be forgiven.

♪

- What Jesus taught was quite
different from other Jewish

prophets at the time:
love your neighbor,

not just your Jewish neighbor,
but your enemy.

Love your enemy.

This was a message
long before its time,

and that message helped
shape a new world.

♪

- This was in itself
a revolutionary

and radical message,
and its implication

was threatening
to the establishment

and to the ruling class.

♪

- Tell me.
- He's in trouble.

♪

- When I saw Andrew,
I knew it had to be bad news.

- It started out as a debate
at the synagogue in Capernaum,

and it got out of hand.

- In Capernaum,
Jesus encounters a man

who has a withered hand.

And Jesus understands
this is an opportunity

to heal a man.

But the healing takes place
on a Sabbath.

- The Pharisees feel that this
is not legal,

that he shouldn't
be doing this.

But Jesus' attitude is that
it is good.

- He openly defied a Pharisee?

What was he thinking?

- Pharisees regarded
themselves

as guardians of the faith.

They weren't necessarily
Jesus' natural enemies,

in fact, but they were part
of the establishment

he was taking on.

- I had no choice.
I needed to be with my son.

♪

- Look around.
You can't stop him.

- I have to try.

- Mary and Jesus' family
hurry to Capernaum

because they're afraid that
the Romans or the authorities

are going to do something
bad to Jesus.

- When Mary and Jesus' family
hear about his miracles

in Capernaum,
they basically perform

a modern-day intervention.

- It would have taken Jesus'
family a couple of days

to travel the 40 miles
from Nazareth to Capernaum.

And when they arrived,
they would have seen

the street thronged
with people all there

to witss his
miraculous works.

- [grunting]

- In the Gospel of Matthew...

[knocking]

The Pharisees bring a blind
and mute man to Jesus,

saying that he's possessed
by a devil.

- It is a question of what
Jesus is going to do.

♪

- Can he heal him?
How is he going to heal him?

Should he heal him?
by what power will he do it?

- The situation
becomes volatile.

It's clear that the Pharisees
are out to get him,

bringing him people
to exorcise,

to see what he's going to do,
particularly on the Sabbath.

♪

[all shouting]

♪

[both grunting]

♪

In front of
the assembled crowd,

Jesus draws the evil spirit
out from the man,

and the man is cured.

♪

Jesus heals this man
who's blind, mute,

possessed by demons.
The crowd are amazed.

They hail him as
the new son of David,

basically, the Messiah.

The Pharisees,
on the other hand,

are not so impressed.

- [shouting]

- The Pharisees say,
"Is he someone who

"is in league with Beelzebub,
with the demons themselves?

This is why he's able
to heal this man."

This is fascinating in that
this is a moment

that's orchestrated
by the Pharisees

to raise this very question
of Jesus' identity,

authority,
and power.

- The charge was being made
that Jesus was actually

in association with the devil.

And Jesus' family
are worried about this.

- You brood of vipers.

How can you who are evil
say anything that is good?

For the mouth speaks
what the heart is full of.

- I don't think the Gospels
are very fair

to the Pharisees.

The Gospels are written
to portray the Pharisees

as the bad guys.

- A good man brings good
things out of the good

stored up in him.

And an evil man brings evil
things out of the evil

stored up in him.

But I tell you that everyone
will be brought to account

on the day of judgment...

♪

To every empty word spoke.

[cheering]

- He's out of his mind.

- But to me Jesus had never
been more clear.

♪

Jesus would fulfill
his destiny,

no matter the sacrifice.

- As I watched Jesus
perform miracles,

I realized his mission
had begun.

♪

- It's at Capernaum that Jesus
says one of the harshest

things about his family
recorded in the Bible.

- Peter!

♪

- Master, it's your mother
and brother.

♪

- Jesus is told, "Your mother
and your brothers are here."

And Jesus says...

- Who are my mother
and my brothers?

♪

- Here.

Here are my mother
and my brothers.

[cheering]

Whoever does the will of God
is my brother.

And sister.

♪

And mother!
- That's right!

- This is Jesus saying

traditional family ties
don't matter.

What matters
is this new family,

this new kingdom,
this new discipleship

of following me,

and that must have hurt
Mary and James.

♪

- I think Capernaum
is a turning point for Jesus

and his family.

He's making clear that
his pathway

is for him alone.

But I believe that Mary
understood that Jesus

was special.
Jesus had a mission.

Jesus was going to live his
life differently

than the rest of her children.

And I think Mary understood
that he was moving forward

in his ministry.

♪

[door creaking]

♪

- He's my brother,
and I fear for him.

♪

I can't understand
why he's doing this.

Why he would put us
in this kind of danger.

- He will.

♪

- James' story
is really fascinating.

He remains antagonistic
as far as we can tell

to Jesus throughout
his public ministry.

But after the crucifixion
and resurrection,

he sees his brother risen.

And it transforms him.

He even in the end
becomes the leader

of the Jerusalem church.

♪

- Mary knows that Jesus
is someone very special.

She knows that he plays this
huge role in God's plan.

And she might even think
of him as God incarnate

and the Messiah that
was promised to the Jews.

That said,
she's conflicted

about what that means
for her relationship

with her son.

She doesn't want to let him go.

She doesn't want him
to be in danger.

And she certainly doesn't
want him to die.

♪

- We are going up to Jerusalem.

♪

And the son of man
will be delivered over

to the chief priests
and the scribes.

♪

And they will condemn him
to death.

♪

- The way the New Testament
Gospels tell the story,

Jesus is reconciled
to his fate.

♪

- Jesus travels to Jerusalem
because it's at the epicenter

of Jewish life.

It is the culminating point
of his mission.

It's the place where
he has to go.

♪

- Mary had a vision about who
Jesus was going to be

from the moment she conceived.

And so not only was she
a typical mother

who knows her child well,
but she also had a spiritual

understanding
of who Jesus was.

♪

- I think Mary to Jesus
was his source of life.

His point of creation.
His inspiration.

You know, it's his mother.

And it's the person--without
Joseph in the picture,

she's the matriarch.

She's the one parent.

She's the lifeline for him,

and I think that's where
it starts and it ends.

♪

- I am Mary,
the mother of Jesus.

I've raised my son
and I love him.

But I must let him go.

♪

May God keep him safe.

[woman vocalizing]

[dramatic music]

- The story of Jesus is
the greatest story ever told.

♪

- Get out!

You sinner!

- Where is he?

♪

male announcer:
For over 2,000 years,

the story of Jesus Christ
has touched the lives

of billions around the globe.

[whip cracks]

- [screaming]

- Jesus felt what we felt.

He faced what we face today.

♪

- If we want to understand
Western history at all,

we must understand
the story of Jesus.

announcer:
Now, for the first time,

his story is told
through the eyes

of those who knew him best.

- Now, tell me the truth.

- Caiaphas's high priest
would have regarded himself

as the guardian
of the Jewish people.

[all screaming]

- He has to be sure
that there is not

going to be some kind
of violent rebellion.

- No!

- Jesus starts coming
to the temple

and disrupting him
on his territory.

- Lazarus, come out.

- This is the miracle that
causes those in power to say,

"This man's a problem.

We need to do something
about him."

- I am the resurrection
and the life.

[dramatic music]

♪

♪

[indistinct chatter]

♪

- Did I underestimate
Jesus of Nazareth?

Certainly.

Could I have acted
differently from the start?

Possibly.

I am in charge of keeping
peace and stability in Judea.

No one will be able to say
Caiaphas did nothing.

- Caiaphas is the high priest
of Jerusalem,

high priest of the temple
from 18 to 36 A.D.

♪

- We know a little bit
about Caiaphas,

mainly from the Jewish
Roman historian Josephus.

Caiaphas is the highest-ranking
Jewish official in Judea.

♪

- Son-in-law of former
High Priest Annas,

one of the ruling family.

It was a hereditary role.
They were trying to be rich.

♪

- Caiaphas is central
to the Jesus story

because without Caiaphas,
Jesus can't be arrested.

The gospels tend to paint
Caiaphas as the villain.

In fact, they may paint
a different picture of Caiaphas

than the historical reality.

[indistinct chatter]

♪

- I first became
aware of him--

the man claiming
to be the Messiah--

on Hoshana Rabbah,

one of the most important
days of the year

and the day on which
everything I stand for

had come under threat.

♪

[indistinct chatter]

- The gospels do give us
the sense that Jesus's travel

to Jerusalem
is a preordained path.

He is going to the most
grandiose stage possible

on a set mission
which has a logical conclusion:

arrest, trial, crucifixion.

♪

[horns trumpet]

♪

- Hoshana Rabbah
is the climax

of the Festival
of Tabernacles,

which is one of the major
festivals in Judaism,

and the temple would have been

a pilgrimage site
during this time.

There would have been hundreds
of thousands of people there.

[overlapping chatter]

♪

Hoshana Rabbah is a ceremony

that emphasizes
the importance of water.

♪

- Jerusalem is susceptible
to drought,

you have to pray to God
for the rains to come.

♪

This is Caiaphas's big moment.

Caiaphas is the star
of this festival.

- Oh, lord, deliver us.

Oh, lord, deliver us.

♪

Oh, lord, deliver us.

♪

- Let anyone who is thirsty
come to me and drink.

[crowd murmuring]

- And Jesus decides
to disrupt this festival

because what Jesus
is doing right there is,

again, at the heart
of the authority.

He is reinterpreting
scripture at that moment.

- Whoever believes in me,

out of his heart
shall flow living water.

♪

- Jesus comes up and says,
"Rituals aren't important.

I'm the only one
that can bring eternal life,"

and this makes
Caiaphas furious.

♪

- Malchus!
- Seize him.

♪

- Malchus is described as the
servant of the high priest.

He perhaps is his henchman,
his bodyguard,

somebody that's looking out
for the high priest.

[dramatic music]

♪

- For Caiaphas,
Jesus would have been

just the latest
dangerous preacher

in a long line of them.

♪

- Why did they not arrest him?

♪

- They claim no one has ever
spoken the way this man speaks.

♪

- Caiaphas, as high priest,
would have regarded himself

as the guardian,
the safe-keeper

of the Jewish people
and of the temple itself.

This is a very prestigious
role even though

it's totally tainted
by cooperation with Rome.

♪

- The Roman Empire in the first
century is an immense empire.

♪

It's conquered most of
the Mediterranean world

and a good part
of the Near East as well,

but to the east
of Roman territory

you find the Parthians,
Rome's great enemy.

♪

So the Romans are willing
to grant high priests

in Jerusalem a tremendous
amount of power

if the high priests
can guarantee for them

some kind of safety zone
or some kind of buffer

that will enable them
to protect themselves

against the Parthians
and even anticipate

what the Parthians
might have in store.

♪

- Caiaphas is in
a difficult position

because the Roman authority
with whom he has to work,

Pontius Pilate, had a temper,
that Pilate was someone

maybe you didn't want
to provoke too far.

♪

- Caiaphas.

- Prefect.

- The power dynamic between
Caiaphas and Pilate was simple.

Pilate was in charge.

Pilate had the Roman
legions behind him.

Pilate was the Roman prefect.

He was responsible
for raising the taxes

and keeping the peace.

- Caiaphas is in
a difficult position

because in many ways
he's the religious leader,

the spiritual leader
of his people.

Hey, he's in
an occupied territory.

As a religious leader,
if something goes awry,

he's gonna be
held accountable.

- How did your festival go?

- Hoshana Rabbah?

Yes, very good.

- Any other problems
I should know about?

- No.

As long as I ensure
that he hears of no problems,

he lets us live undisturbed.

It's a balancing act,

one I perform
with great care, precision.

♪

For now things are peaceful,

but I know how quickly
that could change.

[all shouting]

[somber music]

♪

- We're told by the Roman
Jewish historian Josephus

that a few years
into Caiaphas's tenure

as high priest and
a few months into Pilate's

posting as governor,
Caiaphas witnessed the horrors

of what Pilate
was capable of doing.

♪

- Pilate decides that he wants
to build an aqueduct

to bring fresh water
into Jerusalem,

only he decides to do that
with funds from the temple.

[all shouting]

- The Jews were
incredibly sensitive

about the use of Jewish funds
in the temple

for Roman projects,
for un-Jewish projects.

[all shouting]

- And so this causes
an uprising,

and so Pilate sends in
his soldiers in plainclothes.

[dramatic music]

♪

[all screaming]

♪

- It's a bloodbath.

[all shouting, screaming]

♪

♪

It would have made Caiaphas,
rightly,

extremely cautious
in dealing with the Romans.

[all screaming]

- Caiaphas's memory
of the brutality of Rome...

♪

and the potential for Rome

to revisit brutality
upon the city of Jerusalem

invariably affects how he looks
at Jesus of Nazareth.

♪

- Jesus, he had his followers,

but they were a minority.

I had no cause for concern.

How was I to know
this Jesus was different?

♪

- No, no, stay.

- Bethany's a village
just outside Jerusalem.

Jesus had connections there,

and it was an easy place
to get into Jerusalem from.

♪

- Judas.

- Strategic place
when you think about Jesus

wanting to have a base
of operations, a base of rest.

- [indistinct]

- And if trouble arose
and things got hot

inside the city,
it was a good place to lie low.

- This is where he could find

a space to experience
normal daily living.

- [sighs]

- Jesus not only had
Galilean disciples.

He had Judean disciples,

and they were chiefly located
in Bethany.

They involved
a particular family,

Lazarus, Mary, and Martha.

- Later that day
a Samaritan came by,

and he saw the man suffering
by the side of the road,

and he crossed over,
and he helped him.

- Jesus's friends,
Mary and Martha of Bethany,

were two women who probably
had a fair amount of means.

They were women who devoted
much of their resources

of time and money
to Jesus's ministry.

They probably traveled
a fair amount with him,

and certainly
when he was in town,

they welcomed him
in their home.

- Which of these three do you
think was the neighbor

to the man who fell
into the hands of the robbers?

♪

- The good Samaritan?

- Yes, Mary.

- The evidence as we have
it historically

is that nobody before Jesus
had female disciples,

so Jesus is the first Jew
to do this,

and the way he treats
those women is not different

from the way he treats
his male disciples.

- In the Gospel of John,
we learn that Mary and Martha

have a brother, Lazarus,

and he seems to be
a very close friend of Jesus.

♪

- Lazarus.

- Jesus.
- [laughs]

- It's unclear
how Jesus and Lazarus

became such good friends,

but he is described in the
gospels in very strong terms,

as "hon phileis" is the Greek,
"he whom you love."

So this is obviously
a very close friend of Jesus.

- Good to see you.
- You too.

- I hear you're doing well.

- The Gospel of John tells us

that Jesus loved Lazarus.

It shows us that Jesus

had friends outside
the 12 disciples.

It reminds us
of Jesus's humanity.

♪

- Lazarus is important to him

and for the events
that will ensue.

♪

- Jesus grew bolder.

He kept coming into the city,

where he was growing
a reputation as a healer.

♪

- [indistinct shouting]

- In the Gospel of John,

you find Jesus making
multiple trips to Jerusalem

and in open conflict with
the Jewish authorities there.

[indistinct shouting]

- When Jesus visits Jerusalem
on this occasion,

I think he knows that he's
putting himself in some danger.

- Please.

Please, sir, please.

- Almost everybody
in the ancient world

believed that disability
or sickness

was somehow
a direct consequence

of having angered God.

- Please? Sir.

Please, help me.
Please, sir.

♪

Please, help me.

♪

- Rabbi?

Who is it who sinned for
this man to be born blind?

Was it him or his parents?

- Neither this man
nor his parents sinned.

This happened
so that the works of God

might be displayed in him.

♪

- The disciples
are connecting the fact

that this man is blind

with some sort
of punishment from God,

and Jesus
reacts against that.

He says, "No, the reason
why this man is blind

is in order
to bring glory to God."

[gentle music]

♪

Jesus spits in the ground,
makes clay,

and puts the clay
on the blind man's eyes,

asks him then to go and wash
in the Pool of Siloam.

- Go.

- This is the way
that ancient healers

often performed healings.

♪

- The healing of the blind man
by the Pool of Siloam

is a controversial act
because number one,

Jesus performs
it on the Sabbath, right?

So there's a question
of what is proper to be done

or not done
on the Sabbath day.

♪

- This would have been seen

as a very provocative
act on the Sabbath.

♪

- [gasps]

♪

[laughs]

- Bring him to me.

- [laughs]

- The man is dragged into
religious court as a result.

♪

- Jesus's tricks
delighted people.

Where's the harm in that,
you may ask.

♪

How is it you
received your sight?

- The man they call Jesus
healed me so I could see.

- Clearly this man
was never blind.

Go fetch his parents so that
they may expose his lies.

♪

- We end up having his parents
introduced into the equation

and being questioned
by the authorities.

♪

- Is this your son?

- Yes, sir.

- Are you going to tell me,
as he does,

that he was born blind?

If so, how is it
that he now sees?

- We know he's our son,

and we know
he was born blind,

but how he can see now

or who opened his eyes,
we don't know.

- Caiaphas,
he is highly upset.

All of the religious leaders,

instead of excited
that he can see,

they say, "Who sinned?"

This man and his parents,

say something about
this man named Jesus.

He's a sinner, isn't he?

He's someone who speaks
against the Torah

and against tradition,

and the blind man's
answer is astounding.

♪

- Now tell me the truth.

♪

- All I know is
that I was blind,

but now I see.

♪

- The answer is so powerful
by the blind man.

He says, "I really don't care
about your religious framework.

"I'm not concerned
about your theology.

"What I do know
is I was blind,

and now I see."

- Clearly you were steeped
in sin at birth.

How dare you lecture us!

♪

Throw these sinners out.

♪

Heal a blind man?
Ridiculous.

But I knew that so many
could fall for his tricks,

I couldn't ignore him.

I had to counter
this hysteria with reason.

I knew he was dangerous.

- Clearly you were steeped
in sin at birth.

How dare you lecture us!

Throw these sinners out.

♪

- Caiaphas has
a couple of options.

One is to ignore him,

but as the Jesus movement
gets bigger,

he can no longer do that,

especially when Jesus
starts coming to the temple

and disrupting him
on his territory.

♪

- The temple had been built
by Herod the Great,

and it was one of the great
buildings of the ancient world.

♪

- In the first century,

you have many groups
that see themselves

as practicing a particular
brand of Judaism

that they believe to be
correct and proper.

The Pharisees are
one such group.

- If you are the messiah,
just say it.

- In the story
of John's Gospel,

some Pharisees challenge Jesus

to prove that he is
the messiah.

- The works that I do in
my father's name show who I am.

♪

- The questions that
the Pharisees are raising,

a lot of contemporary people
don't realize,

are actually
legitimate questions.

- My sheep hear me.

I know them,
and they follow me.

I give them eternal life,
and they will never perish.

- In response he does
something kind of remarkable.

He doesn't prove
that he's the messiah.

He actually goes beyond that,
and he says

that he and the father,
that is God, are one.

♪

- I have shown you many good
works from the father.

♪

For which of these
are you going to stone me?

♪

- It is not for your good work
that we are going to stone you,

but for blasphemy.

[overlapping shouting]

- Get out!
- Get out!

- When he's accused of this,

Jesus is in
a perilous situation.

♪

- It's a blasphemous thing

to say that you
yourself are God,

and the punishment
for blasphemy

is actually stoning,
so what they are doing

is perfectly within the legal
rights of Jewish law.

♪

- Arrest them! Go!

♪

- The truth of the matter
is that Jesus

had not followed the dictates

about how to win friends
and influence people.

- Go!
- This way!

- Here.
- He had aggravated them.

♪

- Come on!

♪

- Come, come.

♪

♪

- A riot at the temple,
the holiest place in Judea.

It was an insult.

Jesus didn't know
what he was risking.

♪

Find him and bring him
to me, alive.

♪

Enough was enough.

I had to arrest him.

♪

- Caiaphas is old enough
to have seen what happens

when the Jews rebelled
against Roman power.

♪

- When Caiaphas
is a young boy,

Herod the Great dies.

There was a period
of instability.

This instability led to Jewish
rebellions against Rome.

Rome doesn't like this.

They sent in two legions
of soldiers,

about 10,000 troops,
to crush this rebellion.

[chaotic chatter]

- I was just a boy.

I'd been told to stay indoors,
but I was bored.

There was a lizard
on the wall,

and I chased it
out to the gates.

- They rounded up the rebels.

They crucified 2,000 people.

The buildings around
the temple were set on fire.

The temple was looted.

[chaotic shouting]

♪

I can still hear
their screams.

[all screaming]

I still remember the smell.

[all screaming]

I cannot let that
happen again.

♪

- Caiaphas is often depicted
as kind of a pantomime villain,

but I think
the historical reality

is a bit deeper than that.

He sees himself as the
defender of the Jewish faith,

of the Jewish people.

♪

♪

- Please, let me help.

♪

- There is no time.

♪

♪

- Bring him out.

♪

Where is he?
- Not there.

- Where is he?
Stay here. Keep watch.

- [panting]

♪

- Of course I was disappointed
Malchus couldn't find him,

but we had sent
a strong message.

♪

If Jesus stepped foot
in Jerusalem again...

♪

...he would be arrested.

♪

♪

- This was a close call
during Jesus's ministry

where he had to actually flee
the temple and got away.

♪

Jesus and his disciples
actually flee

all the way east
across the River Jordan.

♪

♪

- Here.

♪

- This is where he was
with John the Baptist.

It's isolated.
It's in the desert.

It's away from
the Jewish authorities,

and so he leads
his disciples to there,

♪

♪

And it's while Jesus
is across the Jordan...

- Lazarus?

- That his good friend Lazarus
has become very sick.

- Can you hear me?

♪

- All illness
in the ancient world

was potentially
life-threatening.

Even in the city of Rome
at this time,

only about half the population
ever made it to the age of ten.

♪

- They know that he's likely
not to get well.

There isn't a lot they can do
for him except call for Jesus,

the miracle worker,
who's their friend,

who they know
loves their brother.

♪

- So should he die, it would
only be two women living alone,

and that's a precarious
and vulnerable situation

in a male-dominated society.

♪

- One of the things
that Mary and Martha

must have been thinking is,
"Where is Jesus?"

They have this friend who has
been proven as a wonder worker,

who has healed other people,

and they're probably desperate
to have Jesus come

and see their brother
and heal him.

♪

- They send
a messenger to Jesus...

♪

...that in fact reaches him
before Lazarus has died.

♪

- Jesus is faced
with a tough decision

when he learns that
his friend Lazarus is ill.

- We must go back, all right?

Lazarus will die
unless you cure him, master.

- Look, if we leave now,
we can be back by dawn.

- Let's go back to camp.
Let's pack it up.

♪

- If he goes back
to Jerusalem,

there will probably be
an attempt to arrest him,

and if he stays
across the Jordan,

his friend Lazarus
will probably die.

- Lazarus's sickness
will not end in death.

♪

- Did Jesus know
what was about to happen?

Was it in his plan?

Because if it was,
this was an extreme situation

that he's about to put
his best friend through.

♪

- Even though
he's his close friend,

he's not willing to divert
from the path

that's laid out before him
as he understands it.

[somber music]

♪

♪

- [sobs]

♪

- The normal practice
of early Jews

involves wrap him
in a winding sheet

with retarding spices or myrrh

so that the body
can be visited

for a considerable
period of time,

usually a week
after it has died.

Then after the flesh
has decayed,

you come back
about a year later,

and you disassemble
the skeleton,

and you put it in a bone box
called an ossuary.

♪

♪

♪

- Jesus is dealing
with the pressure

and the pull of what
the father demands of him,

of what God demands of him,
and he waits.

He waits
until it is hopeless

in the eyes
of everyone else.

- Lazarus is dead.

♪

But I am going there
to wake him up.

♪

- If only Jesus
had stayed away.

♪

♪

- From what we can tell,
early Jews believed

that the spirit
of the deceased

stayed with the body
for three days.

After three days,
Elvis had left the building.

The spirit had gone
to wherever it's going to go,

either into paradise
or somewhere else.

So this man
is four days dead,

and there's no hope
of him coming back.

♪

- So there's a sense that
Jesus wants people to know

that Lazarus is truly dead
before he performs his miracle.

♪

- If you had been here,
my brother would not have died.

♪

- Your brother will rise again.

- I know he will rise again,

in the resurrection
of the last day.

- Martha misunderstands
what he's saying because,

like many first-century Jews,

she had a belief
in the resurrection,

so she sort of thinks
he's talking about

this end of days
or apocalyptic resurrection.

♪

- I am the resurrection
and life.

The one who believes
in me will live

even though they die.

Do you believe this?

- I believe you are
the messiah,

the son of God.

♪

- And this is Jesus revealing
a central tenet

of Christianity
to Martha, a woman,

by saying that faith in him

means that death is vanquished.

♪

- Where is Mary?

- Martha comes,
and Jesus responds

as a teacher, talking about,

"I am the resurrection
and the life."

In his encounter with Mary,

Jesus responds in a way
that looks very human.

- Lord, if you had been here,

my brother
would not have died.

- [sighs]

- When Jesus sees Mary,

how grief-stricken she is,

he himself starts to weep.

♪

It reminds us that
Jesus is a human person

with human friends
and human emotions,

and he is distraught
at the death of his friend

and wants to do
something about it.

♪

- "Jesus wept,"
is the shortest verse

in the New Testament

but speaks
to the long tradition

of human suffering.

- [sobbing]

- Jesus experiences
the pain and tragedy

and the grief of a loving
and caring savior.

- Where have you laid him?

- Come and see, my Lord.

♪

- I think that as Jesus
approaches Lazarus's tomb,

Mary and Martha
are simply expecting him

to join in the mourners.

[somber music]

♪

- Take away the stone.

- What does Martha say?

"Lord, let's not
open the tomb.

There will be a bad smell."

She's not expecting
resurrection on the spot

even when they go to the tomb.

♪

- Did I not tell you
that if you believe,

you will see the glory of God?

♪

♪

♪

♪

Lazarus, come out.

[dramatic music]

♪

[crowd gasps]

♪

♪

- What was going through
the mind of Mary and Martha

when they saw their brother
raised from the dead?

They were probably
stupefied beyond words.

- Unbind him.
Let him go.

- This is one reason
Jesus has to say to the crowd,

"Untie him and let him go."

They probably were so shocked,
they couldn't even move.

♪

♪

- And because Lazarus was sick
and eventually died,

Jewish theology would
have understood that

this was what God ordained.

So when Jesus
resurrected Lazarus,

he was essentially overturning
what God ordained,

which says that maybe
his claims

that he is the son of God
are believable,

and that made him
an enormous threat

to the religious
establishment.

♪

- Spies are sent by
the high priest to Bethany

to watch Jesus.

They want to know who he is,

what he's doing,
what his powers are,

what his intentions are.

They do this
because they feel

that their authority
in Jerusalem is threatened.

♪

- In the Gospel of John,
this is the miracle

that causes those
in power to say,

"This man is a problem.

We need to do something
about him."

- This is a major shift,
the raising of Lazarus.

This places Jesus
on the trajectory of death.

[all shouting]
- Messiah! Messiah! Messiah!

Messiah! Messiah!

- Raising the dead?

How did he do it?

He is not a sorcerer.

He is a man.

♪

A man made
of flesh and blood,

and I must not
be frightened of him.

♪

- Messiah! Messiah!

♪

♪

♪

- So Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin
gathered together

to come up with a way
to put a stop to Jesus.

[ominous music]

- If we let him
go on like this,

everyone will believe in him,

and then the Romans will come
and take away--

- The Sanhedrin is a group
of Jewish elders

that make decisions
on behalf of the Jews.

- And he has
many followers now.

- They are arguing
about Jesus,

some who believe that this is
an act of blasphemy.

Others are raising questions,
"Well, is he not a prophet?"

There is not agreement
on what is going on.

- He has given us
no reason to fear...

- This miracle would have
frightened them, I think,

because it means that Jesus
had authority even over death,

even somebody who was truly,
well and truly dead,

not just swooned in a tomb.

- If we come down
too hard on him,

we may risk precipitating
an uprising.

- Perhaps we should
listen to--

- Enough!

- Caiaphas makes the hard call,
"We must get rid of him."

- We must act decisively
because we cannot allow

the actions of one man
to destroy an entire nation.

- As the leader of the entire
Jerusalem elite,

he has to be sure
that there is not going to be

some kind of violent rebellion.

- He wants to avoid
bloodshed at all costs,

and to silence one man
is a small price to pay,

in his eyes,

in order to avoid the bloodshed
of thousands of people.

♪

- I've seen many pretenders
in the past,

radicals looking
for their moment,

but they didn't last.

I assumed this Jesus
was no different.

♪

He must be stopped
no matter what.

♪

But what if I've
left it too late?

♪

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