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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:06,122 --> 00:00:07,412 VALERY LEGASOV: What is the cost of lies? 2 00:00:10,081 --> 00:00:11,211 Who is to blame? 3 00:00:15,790 --> 00:00:16,870 It doesn't matter. 4 00:00:17,456 --> 00:00:18,916 WOMAN: It doesn't look right. 5 00:00:21,831 --> 00:00:22,961 MAN: We taste metal. 6 00:00:23,581 --> 00:00:25,751 ENGINEER: I think there's graphite on the ground. 7 00:00:26,373 --> 00:00:27,413 You didn't see graphite. 8 00:00:28,039 --> 00:00:31,619 (YELLING) You didn't because it's not there! 9 00:00:33,748 --> 00:00:37,618 We seal off the city. Contain the spread of misinformation. 10 00:00:37,706 --> 00:00:38,916 (APPLAUSE) 11 00:00:39,122 --> 00:00:40,412 (PHONE RINGS) 12 00:00:41,623 --> 00:00:42,753 (MUFFLED GROANING) 13 00:00:44,164 --> 00:00:45,834 (RINGING CONTINUES) 14 00:00:49,331 --> 00:00:51,711 BORIS SHCHERBINA: (ON PHONE) Secretary Gorbachev has appointed a committee 15 00:00:51,790 --> 00:00:54,000 to manage the accident. You're on it. 16 00:01:09,665 --> 00:01:11,615 (wind blowing softly) 17 00:01:11,706 --> 00:01:14,616 (dosimeter clicking faintly) 18 00:01:39,247 --> 00:01:42,287 (man reading poem in Ukrainian, over radio) 19 00:02:02,331 --> 00:02:04,541 (man continues reading poem over radio) 20 00:02:22,665 --> 00:02:25,245 (door opens, closes) 21 00:02:28,122 --> 00:02:30,252 (footsteps approaching) 22 00:02:35,873 --> 00:02:37,543 (turns off radio) 23 00:02:39,373 --> 00:02:41,413 You work too hard. 24 00:02:42,706 --> 00:02:47,326 -Where is everyone? -Oh, they refused to come in. 25 00:02:47,414 --> 00:02:49,924 -Why? -It's Saturday. 26 00:02:53,039 --> 00:02:55,369 -Why did you come in? -I work too hard. 27 00:02:55,456 --> 00:02:57,246 It's boiling in here. 28 00:03:01,956 --> 00:03:04,866 (dosimeter alarm buzzing) 29 00:03:09,539 --> 00:03:10,919 (buzzing stops) 30 00:03:12,081 --> 00:03:14,621 Eight milliroentgen. A leak? 31 00:03:14,706 --> 00:03:15,956 No. 32 00:03:16,873 --> 00:03:19,373 It would've gone off before. It's coming from outside. 33 00:03:19,456 --> 00:03:21,076 The Americans? 34 00:03:22,706 --> 00:03:25,036 (wind blowing) 35 00:03:42,790 --> 00:03:45,120 (machines humming) 36 00:03:49,831 --> 00:03:51,961 (whirring) 37 00:03:52,623 --> 00:03:56,293 (printer clacking) 38 00:04:01,831 --> 00:04:04,331 Iodine 131. 39 00:04:04,414 --> 00:04:08,254 It's not military. It's uranium decay, U-235. 40 00:04:08,331 --> 00:04:09,831 Reactor fuel? 41 00:04:12,373 --> 00:04:16,003 Ignalina. Maybe, uh, 240 kilometers away. 42 00:04:16,081 --> 00:04:18,671 (rotary phone dialing) 43 00:04:23,498 --> 00:04:24,708 (line rings) 44 00:04:24,790 --> 00:04:26,580 Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk 45 00:04:26,665 --> 00:04:29,155 with the Institute of Nuclear En-- 46 00:04:29,247 --> 00:04:30,917 Looking for--? 47 00:04:30,997 --> 00:04:33,957 (man speaking indistinctly over phone) 48 00:04:35,498 --> 00:04:38,118 -All right, stay calm. -Man (over phone): Don't tell me to stay calm. 49 00:04:38,206 --> 00:04:40,156 (man continuing indistinctly) 50 00:04:41,997 --> 00:04:44,787 They're at four. It's not them. 51 00:04:44,873 --> 00:04:47,583 -Who's the next closest? -It's Chernobyl, but that's not possible. 52 00:04:47,665 --> 00:04:49,245 They're 400 kilometers away. 53 00:04:49,331 --> 00:04:51,461 That's too far for eight milliroentgen. 54 00:04:51,539 --> 00:04:53,159 They'd have to be split open. 55 00:04:53,247 --> 00:04:55,367 Maybe they know something. 56 00:04:55,456 --> 00:04:57,576 (rotary phone dialing) 57 00:05:00,456 --> 00:05:02,326 (line ringing) 58 00:05:03,039 --> 00:05:05,669 -Iodine. -Could it be a waste dump? 59 00:05:05,748 --> 00:05:07,118 Khomyuk: No. 60 00:05:07,206 --> 00:05:09,576 We'd be seeing other isotopes. 61 00:05:09,665 --> 00:05:12,745 Nuclear test? Uh, new kind of bomb? 62 00:05:12,831 --> 00:05:16,161 We'd have heard. That's what half our people work on here. 63 00:05:17,623 --> 00:05:22,373 Something with the space program like a satellite or...? 64 00:05:22,456 --> 00:05:24,156 (line ringing) 65 00:05:24,247 --> 00:05:26,367 No one's answering the phone. 66 00:05:28,122 --> 00:05:31,252 (line ringing) 67 00:05:37,289 --> 00:05:38,459 (ringing continues) 68 00:05:38,539 --> 00:05:40,619 (sirens wailing) 69 00:05:46,498 --> 00:05:49,208 -Zinchenko: Get everyone started on an IV. -We don't have enough. 70 00:05:49,289 --> 00:05:51,289 -All the children then. -But we don't have enough! 71 00:05:51,373 --> 00:05:52,793 As many as you can. 72 00:05:52,873 --> 00:05:56,583 -Zinchenko: Where's the old man? -He's set up a burn ward in 16. 73 00:05:57,164 --> 00:06:00,544 (noisy chattering) 74 00:06:10,247 --> 00:06:11,827 What are you doing? What is that? 75 00:06:11,915 --> 00:06:14,035 Milk. It's milk. Much better than water. 76 00:06:14,122 --> 00:06:15,622 No, no, no. Stop. Stop! 77 00:06:15,706 --> 00:06:18,206 -What are you doing? -These are radiation burns! 78 00:06:18,289 --> 00:06:20,499 Their clothes are contaminated! 79 00:06:20,581 --> 00:06:22,081 Help me! 80 00:06:23,206 --> 00:06:24,666 Get it all off. 81 00:06:24,748 --> 00:06:25,828 (moaning) 82 00:06:25,915 --> 00:06:27,955 We're taking it down to the basement. 83 00:06:30,873 --> 00:06:32,503 He was a firefighter from Chernobyl. 84 00:06:32,581 --> 00:06:34,121 Can you stop pushing, please? 85 00:06:34,206 --> 00:06:36,036 (muffled shouting) 86 00:06:36,122 --> 00:06:39,582 -(crowd shouting) -Soldier: We have our orders! 87 00:06:39,665 --> 00:06:42,205 -Disperse! -Hey, there! Get him! 88 00:06:42,289 --> 00:06:44,209 (Lyudmilla shouts indistinctly) 89 00:06:44,289 --> 00:06:46,709 Woman: Why you keeping us out here? 90 00:06:46,790 --> 00:06:48,920 (clamoring) 91 00:06:50,373 --> 00:06:52,293 (clamoring) 92 00:07:40,706 --> 00:07:42,616 (door opens, closes) 93 00:07:42,706 --> 00:07:44,456 Professor Legasov? 94 00:07:44,539 --> 00:07:46,159 Oh, no, not yet. 95 00:07:46,247 --> 00:07:48,577 They're finishing up some other business. It'll be a few more minutes. 96 00:07:48,665 --> 00:07:51,405 -Can I get you some tea? -No, I'm fine. Thank you. 97 00:07:51,498 --> 00:07:54,288 Would you care to read Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's report while you wait? 98 00:07:54,373 --> 00:07:56,163 Certainly. Thank you. 99 00:08:00,206 --> 00:08:03,206 (door opens, closes) 100 00:08:23,831 --> 00:08:25,921 (paper rustles) 101 00:08:35,206 --> 00:08:37,246 (pages rustling) 102 00:08:53,414 --> 00:08:55,084 (door opens) 103 00:08:55,665 --> 00:08:57,745 Kremlin Aide: All right, Professor. They're ready. 104 00:08:58,997 --> 00:09:00,787 Professor Legasov? 105 00:09:25,915 --> 00:09:28,115 Gorbachev: You have my support. 106 00:09:34,456 --> 00:09:36,366 Gorbachev: Thank you all for your duty to this commission. 107 00:09:36,456 --> 00:09:39,536 We will begin with Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's briefing, 108 00:09:39,623 --> 00:09:43,253 and then we will discuss next steps if necessary. 109 00:09:43,331 --> 00:09:45,211 Thank you, comrade General Secretary. 110 00:09:45,289 --> 00:09:49,409 I'm pleased to report that the situation in Chernobyl is stable. 111 00:09:49,498 --> 00:09:52,868 Military and civilian patrols have secured the region, 112 00:09:52,956 --> 00:09:55,116 and Colonel General Pikalov, 113 00:09:55,206 --> 00:09:58,036 who commands troops specializing in chemical hazards, 114 00:09:58,122 --> 00:10:00,162 has been dispatched to the plant. 115 00:10:00,247 --> 00:10:02,787 In terms of radiation, plant director Bryukhanov 116 00:10:02,873 --> 00:10:06,213 reports no more than 3.6 roentgen. 117 00:10:06,289 --> 00:10:08,579 I'm told it's the equivalent of a chest X-ray. 118 00:10:08,665 --> 00:10:11,745 So if you're overdue for a check-up... 119 00:10:11,831 --> 00:10:14,541 -And foreign press? -Totally unaware. 120 00:10:14,623 --> 00:10:17,253 KGB First Deputy Chairman Charkov assures me 121 00:10:17,331 --> 00:10:20,411 that we have successfully protected our security interests. 122 00:10:20,498 --> 00:10:22,868 Gorbachev: Good. Very good. 123 00:10:22,956 --> 00:10:25,536 Well, it seems like it's well in hand, so... 124 00:10:26,706 --> 00:10:29,576 if there's nothing else, meeting adjourned. 125 00:10:30,539 --> 00:10:32,369 -No! -(pounds table) 126 00:10:34,039 --> 00:10:36,159 Pardon me? 127 00:10:36,247 --> 00:10:38,577 Uh, we can't adjourn. 128 00:10:38,665 --> 00:10:41,035 This is Professor Legasov of the Kurchatov Institute. 129 00:10:41,122 --> 00:10:43,002 Professor, if you have any concerns, 130 00:10:43,081 --> 00:10:45,081 feel free to address them with me later. 131 00:10:45,164 --> 00:10:49,004 I can't. I am sorry. I'm so sorry. 132 00:10:49,081 --> 00:10:52,121 Page three, the section on casualties. 133 00:10:52,206 --> 00:10:53,326 Uh... 134 00:10:53,414 --> 00:10:56,254 "A fireman was severely burned on his hand 135 00:10:56,331 --> 00:10:58,711 "by a chunk of smooth, black mineral 136 00:10:58,790 --> 00:11:01,120 on the ground, outside the reactor building." 137 00:11:01,206 --> 00:11:03,286 Smooth, black mineral-- graphite. 138 00:11:03,373 --> 00:11:06,083 There's-There's graphite on the ground. 139 00:11:08,247 --> 00:11:11,327 Well, there was a... a tank explosion. There's debris. 140 00:11:11,414 --> 00:11:14,294 -Of what importance--? -There's only one place in the entire facility 141 00:11:14,373 --> 00:11:17,583 where you will find graphite: inside the core. 142 00:11:17,665 --> 00:11:19,325 If there's graphite on the ground outside, 143 00:11:19,414 --> 00:11:21,624 it means it wasn't a control system tank that exploded. 144 00:11:21,706 --> 00:11:24,206 It was the reactor core. It's open! (inhales) 145 00:11:27,414 --> 00:11:30,004 Um, Comrade Shcherbina? 146 00:11:30,081 --> 00:11:32,251 Comrade General Secretary, I can assure you 147 00:11:32,331 --> 00:11:34,041 that Professor Legasov is mistaken. 148 00:11:34,122 --> 00:11:36,502 Bryukhanov reports that the reactor core is intact. 149 00:11:36,581 --> 00:11:39,001 -And as for the radiation-- -Yes, 3.6 roentgen, 150 00:11:39,081 --> 00:11:41,751 which, by the way, is not the equivalent of one chest X-ray, 151 00:11:41,831 --> 00:11:44,081 but rather 400 chest X-rays. 152 00:11:44,164 --> 00:11:46,414 That number's been bothering me for a different reason, though. 153 00:11:46,498 --> 00:11:50,458 It's also the maximum reading on low-limit dosimeters. 154 00:11:50,539 --> 00:11:53,289 They gave us the number they had. 155 00:11:53,373 --> 00:11:56,123 I think the true number is much, much higher. 156 00:11:56,206 --> 00:11:58,916 If I'm right, this fireman was holding the equivalent 157 00:11:58,997 --> 00:12:01,037 of four million chest X-rays in his hand. 158 00:12:01,122 --> 00:12:03,502 Professor Legasov, there's no place for alarmist hysteria-- 159 00:12:03,581 --> 00:12:05,541 It's not alarmist if it's a fact! 160 00:12:05,623 --> 00:12:08,923 Well, I don't hear any facts at all. 161 00:12:08,997 --> 00:12:11,537 All I hear is a man I don't know 162 00:12:11,623 --> 00:12:14,713 engaging in conjecture in direct contradiction 163 00:12:14,790 --> 00:12:16,920 to what has been reported by party officials. 164 00:12:16,997 --> 00:12:20,367 I'm, uh... I apologize. 165 00:12:20,456 --> 00:12:22,866 I didn't mean, uh... 166 00:12:22,956 --> 00:12:26,576 (clears throat) Please, may I express my concern 167 00:12:26,665 --> 00:12:29,665 as calmly and as respectfully as I-- 168 00:12:29,748 --> 00:12:32,828 -Professor Legasov-- -Gorbachev: Boris. 169 00:12:33,873 --> 00:12:35,713 I will allow it. 170 00:12:44,748 --> 00:12:46,668 Legasov: Um... 171 00:12:48,164 --> 00:12:50,964 An RBMK reactor 172 00:12:51,039 --> 00:12:55,249 uses uranium 235 as fuel. 173 00:12:55,331 --> 00:13:00,121 Every atom of U-235 is like a bullet 174 00:13:00,206 --> 00:13:02,326 traveling at nearly the speed of light, 175 00:13:02,414 --> 00:13:04,924 penetrating everything in its path: 176 00:13:04,997 --> 00:13:08,117 woods, metal, concrete, flesh. 177 00:13:08,206 --> 00:13:11,286 Every gram of U-235 holds 178 00:13:11,373 --> 00:13:14,253 over a billion trillion of these bullets. 179 00:13:14,331 --> 00:13:15,791 That's in one gram. 180 00:13:15,873 --> 00:13:19,163 Now, Chernobyl holds over three million grams, 181 00:13:19,247 --> 00:13:21,867 and right now, it is on fire. 182 00:13:21,956 --> 00:13:26,286 Winds will carry radioactive particles across the entire continent, 183 00:13:26,373 --> 00:13:28,293 rain will bring them down on us. 184 00:13:28,373 --> 00:13:31,463 That's three million billion trillion bullets 185 00:13:31,539 --> 00:13:35,499 in the... in the air we breathe, 186 00:13:35,581 --> 00:13:38,831 the water we drink, the food we eat. 187 00:13:40,498 --> 00:13:44,828 Most of these bullets will not stop firing for 100 years. 188 00:13:44,915 --> 00:13:48,205 Some of them, not for 50,000 years. 189 00:13:48,289 --> 00:13:51,999 Yes, and, uh, this concern 190 00:13:52,081 --> 00:13:56,251 stems entirely from the description of a rock? 191 00:14:00,539 --> 00:14:01,919 Yes. 192 00:14:04,247 --> 00:14:05,537 Hmm. 193 00:14:08,623 --> 00:14:10,413 Comrade Shcherbina... 194 00:14:11,456 --> 00:14:13,786 I want you to go to Chernobyl. 195 00:14:13,873 --> 00:14:16,003 You take a look at the reactor, you personally, 196 00:14:16,081 --> 00:14:17,921 and you report directly back to me. 197 00:14:17,997 --> 00:14:20,207 A wise decision, comrade General Secretary-- 198 00:14:20,289 --> 00:14:22,869 Gorbachev: And take Professor Legasov with you. 199 00:14:23,748 --> 00:14:25,078 Shcherbina: Uh... (chuckles) 200 00:14:25,164 --> 00:14:28,294 Forgive me, comrade General Secretary, but I-- 201 00:14:28,373 --> 00:14:30,753 Do you know how a nuclear reactor works? 202 00:14:32,790 --> 00:14:34,160 -No. -Gorbachev: No. 203 00:14:34,247 --> 00:14:37,367 Well, then how will you know what you're looking at? 204 00:14:37,456 --> 00:14:39,496 Meeting adjourned. 205 00:14:57,956 --> 00:15:00,116 (helicopter blades whupping) 206 00:15:38,539 --> 00:15:40,119 How does a nuclear reactor work? 207 00:15:40,206 --> 00:15:43,156 -What? -Shcherbina: It's a simple question. 208 00:15:44,498 --> 00:15:46,328 It's hardly a simple answer. 209 00:15:46,414 --> 00:15:50,334 Of course, you presume I'm too stupid to understand. 210 00:15:50,414 --> 00:15:53,714 So I'll restate: Tell me how a nuclear reactor works, 211 00:15:53,790 --> 00:15:56,670 or I'll have one of these soldiers throw you out of the helicopter. 212 00:16:06,790 --> 00:16:10,620 A nuclear reactor makes electricity with steam. 213 00:16:10,706 --> 00:16:14,246 The steam turns a turbine which generates electricity. 214 00:16:14,331 --> 00:16:16,291 Where a typical power plant 215 00:16:16,373 --> 00:16:18,253 makes steam by burning coal, 216 00:16:18,331 --> 00:16:20,671 a nuclear plant... 217 00:16:25,831 --> 00:16:30,411 In a nuclear plant, we use something called fission. 218 00:16:30,498 --> 00:16:36,458 We take an unstable element like uranium 235, 219 00:16:36,539 --> 00:16:38,499 which has too many neutrons. 220 00:16:38,581 --> 00:16:41,411 -A neutron is, uh-- -The bullet. 221 00:16:43,414 --> 00:16:45,214 Yes, the bullet. 222 00:16:46,039 --> 00:16:48,869 So, bullets are flying off of the uranium. 223 00:16:48,956 --> 00:16:50,286 Now... 224 00:16:50,373 --> 00:16:55,213 if we put enough uranium atoms close together, 225 00:16:55,289 --> 00:16:59,669 the bullets from one atom will eventually strike another atom. 226 00:16:59,748 --> 00:17:02,828 The force of this impact splits that atom apart, 227 00:17:02,915 --> 00:17:06,205 releasing a tremendous amount of energy, fission. 228 00:17:06,289 --> 00:17:09,039 -And the graphite? -Ah, yes. 229 00:17:09,122 --> 00:17:13,002 The neutrons are actually traveling so fast-- we call this "flux"-- 230 00:17:13,081 --> 00:17:17,871 it's relatively unlikely that the uranium atoms will ever hit one another. 231 00:17:17,956 --> 00:17:22,916 In RBMK reactors, we surround the fuel rods with graphite 232 00:17:22,997 --> 00:17:27,997 to moderate, slow down, the neutron flux. 233 00:17:31,456 --> 00:17:33,156 Good. 234 00:17:33,247 --> 00:17:36,287 I know how a nuclear reactor works. 235 00:17:37,831 --> 00:17:40,291 Now I don't need you. 236 00:17:42,915 --> 00:17:45,075 (helicopter blades womping) 237 00:17:49,414 --> 00:17:52,294 (noisy chattering) 238 00:17:56,790 --> 00:17:58,580 (voices clamoring) 239 00:17:58,665 --> 00:18:02,245 -Can you help me? I need to find my husband. -No. Not now. 240 00:18:06,206 --> 00:18:07,706 -Mikhail! -Lyudmilla. 241 00:18:07,790 --> 00:18:09,370 -(infant screaming) -Take her. 242 00:18:09,456 --> 00:18:11,286 Take her away from here, please. 243 00:18:11,373 --> 00:18:14,003 -Get away from them! You want to get sick? Go! -Mikhail: Oh my God. 244 00:18:14,081 --> 00:18:15,411 Please take her, please take her. 245 00:18:15,498 --> 00:18:17,248 -(infant screaming) -Please take her, please. 246 00:18:17,331 --> 00:18:19,711 Please! Please! 247 00:18:19,790 --> 00:18:21,500 Please take her! 248 00:18:26,831 --> 00:18:29,541 Excuse me, I am Vasily Ignatenko's wife. 249 00:18:29,623 --> 00:18:32,923 He's a fireman. Ignatenko. 250 00:18:32,997 --> 00:18:36,497 Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary Fire and Rescue Unit. 251 00:18:36,581 --> 00:18:39,501 I need to find him. Please. 252 00:18:42,623 --> 00:18:44,213 Major Burov: Ignatenko... 253 00:18:44,289 --> 00:18:46,789 He's being transported by helicopter to Moscow. 254 00:18:46,873 --> 00:18:48,673 Hospital number six. 255 00:18:48,748 --> 00:18:50,868 Why, is he all right? Can I see him? 256 00:18:50,956 --> 00:18:52,456 You want to see him? Go to Moscow. 257 00:18:52,539 --> 00:18:54,829 But they're not letting us leave here. 258 00:18:57,373 --> 00:18:59,673 Tell them Major Burov allows it. 259 00:19:01,206 --> 00:19:04,206 -Oh. When are they taking him? -Now. 260 00:19:06,706 --> 00:19:09,666 (helicopter blades whupping) 261 00:19:34,997 --> 00:19:37,037 Pilot: We're approaching the power plant. 262 00:19:42,915 --> 00:19:44,865 Legasov (mutters): What have they done? 263 00:19:45,956 --> 00:19:47,996 Can you see inside? 264 00:19:48,081 --> 00:19:50,921 I don't have to. Look. 265 00:19:50,997 --> 00:19:52,917 That's graphite on the roof. 266 00:19:52,997 --> 00:19:55,327 The whole building's been blown open. 267 00:19:55,414 --> 00:19:56,674 The core's exposed! 268 00:19:56,748 --> 00:19:58,668 I can't see how you can tell that from here. 269 00:19:58,748 --> 00:20:00,158 Oh, for God's sakes. 270 00:20:00,247 --> 00:20:01,667 Look at that glow! 271 00:20:01,748 --> 00:20:04,408 That's radiation ionizing the air! 272 00:20:04,498 --> 00:20:06,118 Well, if we can't see, we don't know. 273 00:20:06,206 --> 00:20:07,826 Get us directly over the building! 274 00:20:07,956 --> 00:20:09,536 -Boris, if we fly... -Don't you use my name! 275 00:20:09,623 --> 00:20:11,923 ...directly over an open reactor, we'll be dead within a week! 276 00:20:11,997 --> 00:20:13,457 Dead! 277 00:20:14,414 --> 00:20:15,624 Pilot: Sir? 278 00:20:15,706 --> 00:20:18,786 Get us over that building, or I'll have you shot! 279 00:20:19,456 --> 00:20:21,616 (indistinct radio transmission) 280 00:20:22,456 --> 00:20:24,496 If you fly directly over that core, I promise you, 281 00:20:24,581 --> 00:20:27,331 by tomorrow morning, you'll be begging for that bullet. 282 00:20:34,331 --> 00:20:35,921 (grunts) 283 00:21:11,289 --> 00:21:14,789 (muffled chatter, laughter) 284 00:21:15,331 --> 00:21:17,541 Perhaps if you came back another day. 285 00:21:22,539 --> 00:21:24,919 Just wonderful. 286 00:21:24,997 --> 00:21:27,407 Khomyuk: Deputy Secretary Garanin. 287 00:21:27,498 --> 00:21:31,668 Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 288 00:21:31,748 --> 00:21:33,078 What a pleasure. 289 00:21:33,164 --> 00:21:36,044 -Let me introduce-- -I'm here about Chernobyl. 290 00:21:38,039 --> 00:21:39,459 Such a lovely time. 291 00:21:39,539 --> 00:21:42,869 -Visit again soon. -Chulkov: I will. Thank you. 292 00:21:55,039 --> 00:21:57,999 Garanin: I must tell you, this is why no one likes scientists. 293 00:21:58,081 --> 00:22:00,831 When we have a disease to cure, where are they? 294 00:22:00,915 --> 00:22:04,615 In a lab, noses in their books, and so Grandma dies. 295 00:22:04,706 --> 00:22:05,996 But when there isn't a problem, 296 00:22:06,081 --> 00:22:07,541 they're everywhere, spreading fear. 297 00:22:07,623 --> 00:22:10,003 -I know about Chernobyl. -Oh? 298 00:22:10,081 --> 00:22:12,961 I know that the core is either partially or completely exposed. 299 00:22:13,039 --> 00:22:15,459 -Whatever that means. -And that if you don't immediately 300 00:22:15,539 --> 00:22:18,289 issue iodine tablets and then evacuate this city, 301 00:22:18,373 --> 00:22:21,003 hundreds of thousands of people are going to get cancer, 302 00:22:21,081 --> 00:22:23,411 and God knows how many more will die. 303 00:22:23,498 --> 00:22:25,208 Yes, very good. 304 00:22:25,289 --> 00:22:27,329 There has been an accident at Chernobyl, 305 00:22:27,414 --> 00:22:29,544 but I've been assured there is no problem. 306 00:22:29,623 --> 00:22:31,543 I'm telling you that there is. 307 00:22:31,623 --> 00:22:33,583 I prefer my opinion to yours. 308 00:22:33,665 --> 00:22:36,955 I'm a nuclear physicist. 309 00:22:37,039 --> 00:22:38,619 Before you were Deputy Secretary, 310 00:22:38,706 --> 00:22:40,366 you worked in a shoe factory. 311 00:22:41,498 --> 00:22:45,078 Yes, I worked in a shoe factory. 312 00:22:46,122 --> 00:22:48,252 And now I'm in charge. 313 00:22:50,414 --> 00:22:53,254 "To the workers of the world." 314 00:23:14,956 --> 00:23:17,496 Stable iodine will keep your thyroid 315 00:23:17,581 --> 00:23:19,961 from absorbing radioactive iodine. 316 00:23:21,122 --> 00:23:23,922 Take one a day for as long as they last. 317 00:23:23,997 --> 00:23:25,707 And go east. 318 00:23:25,790 --> 00:23:28,250 Get as far from Minsk as you can. 319 00:24:01,831 --> 00:24:03,501 Fomin: It's overkill. 320 00:24:03,581 --> 00:24:05,501 Pikalov's showing off to make us look bad. 321 00:24:05,581 --> 00:24:08,621 Bryukhanov: It doesn't matter how it looks. 322 00:24:08,706 --> 00:24:10,996 Shcherbina is a pure bureaucrat, 323 00:24:11,081 --> 00:24:13,081 as stupid as he is pigheaded. 324 00:24:13,164 --> 00:24:15,504 We'll tell him the truth in the simplest terms possible. 325 00:24:15,581 --> 00:24:17,291 We'll be fine. 326 00:24:20,831 --> 00:24:22,371 Pikarov! 327 00:24:47,706 --> 00:24:50,576 Comrade Shcherbina, Chief Engineer Fomin, 328 00:24:50,665 --> 00:24:52,615 Colonel General Pikalov, and I 329 00:24:52,706 --> 00:24:53,956 are honored at your arrival. 330 00:24:54,039 --> 00:24:55,289 Deeply, deeply honored. 331 00:24:55,373 --> 00:24:58,333 Naturally, we regret the circumstances of your visit, 332 00:24:58,414 --> 00:25:00,584 but, as you can see, we are making excellent progress 333 00:25:00,665 --> 00:25:02,205 in containing the damage. 334 00:25:02,289 --> 00:25:07,459 We have begun our own inquiry into the cause of the accident, 335 00:25:07,539 --> 00:25:10,539 and I have a list of individuals 336 00:25:10,623 --> 00:25:13,413 who we believe are accountable. 337 00:25:35,456 --> 00:25:36,956 Bryukhanov: Professor Legasov, I understand 338 00:25:37,039 --> 00:25:39,369 you've been saying dangerous things. 339 00:25:39,456 --> 00:25:41,246 Fomin: Very dangerous things. 340 00:25:41,331 --> 00:25:43,671 Apparently, our reactor core exploded. 341 00:25:44,331 --> 00:25:48,581 Please, tell me how an RBMK reactor core explodes. 342 00:25:50,456 --> 00:25:52,786 I'm not prepared to explain it at this time. 343 00:25:52,873 --> 00:25:55,753 As I presumed, he has no answer. 344 00:25:55,831 --> 00:25:58,331 It's disgraceful, really. 345 00:25:58,414 --> 00:26:01,924 To spread disinformation at a time like this. 346 00:26:07,956 --> 00:26:10,666 Why did I see graphite on the roof? 347 00:26:10,748 --> 00:26:12,868 Graphite is only found in the core, 348 00:26:12,956 --> 00:26:16,406 where it's used as a neutron flux moderator. 349 00:26:16,498 --> 00:26:17,918 Correct? 350 00:26:18,873 --> 00:26:22,333 Fomin, why did the Deputy Chairman see graphite on the roof? 351 00:26:23,581 --> 00:26:25,371 Well, that... that can't be. 352 00:26:26,247 --> 00:26:28,917 Comrade Shcherbina, my apologies, but graphite... 353 00:26:28,997 --> 00:26:30,207 that's not possible. 354 00:26:30,289 --> 00:26:32,539 Perhaps you saw burnt concrete. 355 00:26:32,623 --> 00:26:34,413 Now there you made a mistake, 356 00:26:34,498 --> 00:26:37,118 because I may not know much about nuclear reactors, 357 00:26:37,206 --> 00:26:38,826 but I know a lot about concrete. 358 00:26:39,665 --> 00:26:42,155 -Comrade, I assure you-- -I understand. 359 00:26:42,997 --> 00:26:45,617 You think Legasov is wrong. 360 00:26:45,706 --> 00:26:47,666 How shall we prove it? 361 00:26:48,956 --> 00:26:52,206 Our high-range dosimeter just arrived. 362 00:26:52,289 --> 00:26:55,249 We could cover one of our trucks with lead shielding, 363 00:26:55,331 --> 00:26:57,671 mount the dosimeter on the front. 364 00:27:03,456 --> 00:27:06,666 Have one of your men get as close to the fire as he can. 365 00:27:06,748 --> 00:27:08,408 Give him every bit of protection you have. 366 00:27:08,498 --> 00:27:10,788 But understand that even with lead shielding, 367 00:27:10,873 --> 00:27:12,873 it may not be enough. 368 00:27:14,706 --> 00:27:16,576 Then I'll do it myself. 369 00:27:21,247 --> 00:27:23,207 Good. 370 00:28:00,122 --> 00:28:02,212 (tires screech) 371 00:28:05,122 --> 00:28:07,412 (engine revving) 372 00:28:26,706 --> 00:28:28,826 (chains shattering) 373 00:29:20,997 --> 00:29:22,827 He's back. 374 00:29:51,748 --> 00:29:53,958 It's not three roentgen. 375 00:29:54,039 --> 00:29:55,789 It's 15,000. 376 00:29:55,873 --> 00:29:58,543 Bryukhanov: Comrade Shcherbina-- 377 00:29:58,623 --> 00:30:00,083 What does that number mean? 378 00:30:00,164 --> 00:30:02,334 It means the core is open. 379 00:30:02,414 --> 00:30:04,874 It means the fire we're watching with our own eyes 380 00:30:04,956 --> 00:30:06,456 is giving off nearly twice the radiation 381 00:30:06,539 --> 00:30:08,369 released by the bomb in Hiroshima. 382 00:30:08,456 --> 00:30:10,246 And that's every single hour. 383 00:30:10,331 --> 00:30:13,411 Hour after hour, 20 hours since the explosion, 384 00:30:13,498 --> 00:30:14,958 so 40 bombs worth by now. 385 00:30:15,039 --> 00:30:16,369 Forty-eight more tomorrow. 386 00:30:16,456 --> 00:30:19,286 And it will not stop. Not in a week, not in a month. 387 00:30:19,373 --> 00:30:20,873 It will burn and spread its poison 388 00:30:20,956 --> 00:30:23,666 until the entire continent is dead. 389 00:30:26,790 --> 00:30:29,040 Please escort Comrades Bryukhanov and Fomin 390 00:30:29,122 --> 00:30:31,462 to the local party headquarters. 391 00:30:31,539 --> 00:30:33,079 -Thank you for your service. -Comrade-- 392 00:30:33,164 --> 00:30:34,544 You're excused. 393 00:30:35,581 --> 00:30:37,371 Dyatlov was in charge. 394 00:30:38,247 --> 00:30:40,117 It was Dyatlov! 395 00:30:40,206 --> 00:30:42,826 -Tell me how to put it out. -We'll use helicopters. 396 00:30:42,915 --> 00:30:45,665 -We'll drop water on it like a forest fire. -No, no. You don't understand. 397 00:30:45,748 --> 00:30:48,038 This isn't a fire. 398 00:30:48,122 --> 00:30:49,962 This is a fissioning reactor core 399 00:30:50,039 --> 00:30:52,329 burning at over 2,000 degrees. 400 00:30:52,414 --> 00:30:54,004 The heat will instantly vaporize the water-- 401 00:30:54,081 --> 00:30:57,251 -How do we put it out? -(sighs) 402 00:30:58,456 --> 00:31:00,406 You are dealing with something 403 00:31:00,498 --> 00:31:04,958 that has never occurred on this planet before. 404 00:31:06,915 --> 00:31:08,455 Boron. 405 00:31:09,831 --> 00:31:11,831 Boron and sand. 406 00:31:11,915 --> 00:31:14,535 Well, that'll create problems of its own, 407 00:31:14,623 --> 00:31:16,713 but I-I don't see any other way. 408 00:31:16,790 --> 00:31:18,870 Of course, it's going to take thousands of drops, 409 00:31:18,956 --> 00:31:21,536 because you can't fly the helicopters directly over the core, 410 00:31:21,623 --> 00:31:23,003 so most of it is going to miss. 411 00:31:23,081 --> 00:31:25,211 -How much sand and boron? -(scoffs) Well, I can't be-- 412 00:31:25,289 --> 00:31:29,209 -For God's sake, roughly! -Five thousand tons. 413 00:31:29,289 --> 00:31:32,159 And obviously, we're going to need to evacuate an enormous area-- 414 00:31:32,247 --> 00:31:34,157 Never mind that. Focus on the fire. 415 00:31:34,247 --> 00:31:36,997 I am focusing on the fire. 416 00:31:37,081 --> 00:31:41,211 The wind, it's carrying all that smoke, 417 00:31:41,289 --> 00:31:43,039 all that radiation. 418 00:31:43,122 --> 00:31:46,122 At least evacuate Pripyat. It's three kilometers away. 419 00:31:46,206 --> 00:31:48,116 -That's my decision to make. -Then make it. 420 00:31:48,206 --> 00:31:50,866 -I've been told not to. -Is it or is not-- 421 00:31:50,956 --> 00:31:52,746 I'm in charge here! 422 00:31:52,831 --> 00:31:54,501 This will go much easier if you talk to me 423 00:31:54,581 --> 00:31:55,831 about the things you do understand 424 00:31:55,915 --> 00:31:58,665 and not about the things you do not understand. 425 00:32:02,414 --> 00:32:03,924 Where are you going? 426 00:32:03,997 --> 00:32:07,827 Shcherbina: I'm going to get you 5,000 tons of sand and boron. 427 00:32:15,706 --> 00:32:17,826 There's a hotel. 428 00:32:44,081 --> 00:32:46,211 (phone ringing) 429 00:33:01,581 --> 00:33:03,581 (music playing over speakers) 430 00:33:10,373 --> 00:33:12,833 (woman chattering indistinctly) 431 00:33:13,623 --> 00:33:15,713 I'd prefer one of those. 432 00:33:23,748 --> 00:33:25,578 Woman: Superstitious? 433 00:33:34,414 --> 00:33:36,254 Moscow? 434 00:33:39,706 --> 00:33:42,076 Are you here because of the fire? 435 00:33:46,373 --> 00:33:48,923 Anything we should be worried about? 436 00:33:52,915 --> 00:33:54,285 (sighs) 437 00:33:54,373 --> 00:33:55,963 No. 438 00:34:02,915 --> 00:34:04,285 (glass taps bar twice) 439 00:34:06,456 --> 00:34:07,956 Ah. 440 00:34:20,956 --> 00:34:23,786 (wind blowing) 441 00:34:37,164 --> 00:34:40,414 (trees rustling) 442 00:34:44,665 --> 00:34:46,995 (helicopters whupping) 443 00:34:54,039 --> 00:34:56,209 (indistinct radio transmissions) 444 00:35:00,373 --> 00:35:03,043 Pilot (over radio): We're in position. Approaching drop. 445 00:35:04,164 --> 00:35:06,294 Stasiuk: (over radio): Clear to proceed. 446 00:35:07,665 --> 00:35:10,865 Pilot: Copy. We'll go one by one in rotation. 447 00:35:16,039 --> 00:35:18,159 Remind them about the perimeter. 448 00:35:21,665 --> 00:35:23,825 They cannot fly directly over the fire. 449 00:35:23,915 --> 00:35:26,115 A minimum of a ten-meter perimeter. 450 00:35:26,206 --> 00:35:27,616 Pilot: Ten meter perimeter. Copy. 451 00:35:27,706 --> 00:35:29,246 Lead One, per pre-flight: 452 00:35:29,331 --> 00:35:32,041 maintain minimum ten-meter perimeter. 453 00:35:32,122 --> 00:35:33,212 Lead One: Copy that. 454 00:35:33,289 --> 00:35:35,959 Forty meters... 35... 455 00:35:36,039 --> 00:35:37,289 30... 456 00:35:37,373 --> 00:35:39,543 (radio static crackling) 457 00:35:40,915 --> 00:35:43,115 No, no, no! They're too close! 458 00:35:43,206 --> 00:35:44,996 They can't get over the fire. How are they supposed-- 459 00:35:45,081 --> 00:35:46,961 The wind will have to carry it. 460 00:35:47,039 --> 00:35:49,919 Tell them, they cannot go over the core. 461 00:35:52,331 --> 00:35:53,581 Stasiuk: Lead One is too close. 462 00:35:53,665 --> 00:35:55,535 I repeat, they are too close. 463 00:35:56,206 --> 00:35:58,036 Pilot: Copy. 464 00:35:58,122 --> 00:36:00,962 Lead One, you are inside the perimeter. 465 00:36:01,039 --> 00:36:04,159 Lead One: Did not copy. Signal's breaking up. 466 00:36:04,247 --> 00:36:06,577 (radio static crackling) 467 00:36:06,665 --> 00:36:09,075 Pilot: Lead One? 468 00:36:09,164 --> 00:36:10,754 Do you copy? 469 00:36:10,831 --> 00:36:12,751 Lead One, do you copy? 470 00:36:12,831 --> 00:36:14,961 Lead One, come in. 471 00:36:15,039 --> 00:36:16,829 Do you copy, Lead One? 472 00:36:16,915 --> 00:36:18,615 Lead One! 473 00:36:20,164 --> 00:36:22,754 (helicopter engine whines) 474 00:36:36,456 --> 00:36:39,116 Stasiuk: Sir? What do I tell the others? 475 00:36:41,456 --> 00:36:43,326 Is there any other way, Legasov? 476 00:36:43,414 --> 00:36:46,834 (distant helicopters thrumming) 477 00:36:51,956 --> 00:36:53,826 Send the next one in. 478 00:36:55,247 --> 00:36:57,287 Tell them to approach from the west. 479 00:36:58,373 --> 00:37:01,503 Stasiuk: Lead Two, approach from the west. 480 00:37:20,081 --> 00:37:22,211 (phone ringing) 481 00:37:22,289 --> 00:37:24,919 Marina: Kurchatov Institute Laboratory Four. 482 00:37:24,997 --> 00:37:29,457 (over phone): Marina Gruzinskaya, it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk. 483 00:37:31,665 --> 00:37:34,245 Oh, yes, how nice of you to phone. 484 00:37:34,331 --> 00:37:36,251 -It's been too long. - It has. 485 00:37:36,331 --> 00:37:38,921 I was actually calling about our friend. 486 00:37:38,997 --> 00:37:41,247 -You know, the one in the country. - Oh, yes, of course. 487 00:37:41,331 --> 00:37:45,081 I wanted to see how he's doing. It's so hot there right now. 488 00:37:45,164 --> 00:37:47,584 Yes, it's extremely hot, 489 00:37:47,665 --> 00:37:48,995 but his nephews are flying down, 490 00:37:49,081 --> 00:37:51,081 and they always bring cool weather. 491 00:37:51,164 --> 00:37:52,794 Oh? Which nephews? 492 00:37:53,539 --> 00:37:57,579 Simka, who's 14, and little Boris, who's five. 493 00:37:57,665 --> 00:37:58,865 Well, that's wonderful. 494 00:37:58,956 --> 00:38:00,746 Though children can make you even hotter 495 00:38:00,831 --> 00:38:02,581 when they're crawling all over you. 496 00:38:02,665 --> 00:38:04,075 Maybe I should visit them. 497 00:38:04,164 --> 00:38:05,964 No, they don't want visitors. 498 00:38:06,039 --> 00:38:08,329 I'm sorry, um, I have to get back to work. 499 00:38:08,414 --> 00:38:10,834 It's very busy right now. Goodbye. 500 00:38:13,665 --> 00:38:16,205 They're dropping sand and boron on the fire. 501 00:38:17,206 --> 00:38:18,746 It's what I would do. 502 00:38:20,539 --> 00:38:22,249 Yes, I'm sure it is. 503 00:38:44,539 --> 00:38:46,209 Dmitri: Where are you going? 504 00:38:47,247 --> 00:38:48,707 Chernobyl. 505 00:38:53,498 --> 00:38:56,158 (door opens, closes) 506 00:38:56,247 --> 00:38:59,037 It's been smooth. Twenty drops. 507 00:38:59,122 --> 00:39:01,292 (distant helicopters thrumming) 508 00:39:05,081 --> 00:39:06,541 What? 509 00:39:09,373 --> 00:39:12,413 There are 50,000 people in this city. 510 00:39:12,498 --> 00:39:17,118 (sighs) Professor Ilyin, who's also on the commission, 511 00:39:17,206 --> 00:39:20,076 says the radiation isn't high enough to evacuate. 512 00:39:20,164 --> 00:39:21,834 Ilyin isn't a physicist. 513 00:39:21,915 --> 00:39:24,915 Well, he's a medical doctor. If he says it's safe, it's safe. 514 00:39:24,997 --> 00:39:27,457 -Not if they stay here. -We're staying here. 515 00:39:27,539 --> 00:39:31,959 Yes, we are, and we'll be dead in five years. 516 00:39:32,039 --> 00:39:34,289 (distant helicopters thrumming) 517 00:39:39,915 --> 00:39:42,365 I'm sorry, I... 518 00:39:42,456 --> 00:39:43,996 I'm sorry. 519 00:40:05,039 --> 00:40:06,959 (phone rings) 520 00:40:10,331 --> 00:40:12,461 (phone rings) 521 00:40:15,623 --> 00:40:18,003 (phone rings) 522 00:40:20,997 --> 00:40:22,327 (phone rings) 523 00:40:22,414 --> 00:40:23,714 Shcherbina. 524 00:40:24,456 --> 00:40:26,616 (distant helicopters thrumming) 525 00:40:29,039 --> 00:40:31,289 (man speaking indistinctly over phone) 526 00:40:35,164 --> 00:40:36,504 Thank you. 527 00:40:42,665 --> 00:40:46,535 A nuclear plant in Sweden has detected radiation 528 00:40:46,623 --> 00:40:49,713 and identified it as a byproduct of our fuel. 529 00:40:50,831 --> 00:40:53,501 The Americans took satellite photos. 530 00:40:54,456 --> 00:40:57,746 The reactor building, the smoke, the fire. 531 00:40:57,831 --> 00:40:59,371 (sighs) 532 00:41:00,456 --> 00:41:02,366 Shcherbina: The whole world knows. 533 00:41:08,956 --> 00:41:11,536 The wind has been blowing toward Germany. 534 00:41:12,956 --> 00:41:15,536 They're not letting children play outside... 535 00:41:17,414 --> 00:41:19,004 in Frankfurt. 536 00:41:21,373 --> 00:41:23,543 (boys chattering outside) 537 00:41:30,623 --> 00:41:32,503 Want a smoke? 538 00:41:47,915 --> 00:41:50,495 Peter Jennings: There has been a nuclear accident in the Soviet Union 539 00:41:50,581 --> 00:41:52,331 and the Soviets have admitted that it happened. 540 00:41:52,414 --> 00:41:53,964 The Soviet version is this: 541 00:41:54,039 --> 00:41:55,459 One of the atomic reactors 542 00:41:55,539 --> 00:41:58,119 at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant near the city of Kiev 543 00:41:58,206 --> 00:42:00,786 was damaged, and there is speculation in Moscow 544 00:42:00,873 --> 00:42:03,083 that people were injured and may have died. 545 00:42:03,164 --> 00:42:06,294 The Soviets may have been fairly quick to acknowledge the accident 546 00:42:06,373 --> 00:42:09,673 because evidence in the form of mild nuclear radiation 547 00:42:09,748 --> 00:42:13,788 had already reached beyond the Soviet borders to Scandinavia. 548 00:42:46,748 --> 00:42:52,158 (woman announcing over loudspeaker, in foreign language) 549 00:42:54,790 --> 00:42:56,960 (announcement continuing) 550 00:43:09,997 --> 00:43:12,457 (announcement continuing) 551 00:43:13,164 --> 00:43:15,214 (alarms blaring) 552 00:43:21,331 --> 00:43:23,501 (announcement continuing) 553 00:43:44,706 --> 00:43:47,536 (announcement continuing) 554 00:44:06,539 --> 00:44:08,709 (announcement continuing) 555 00:44:19,373 --> 00:44:21,503 (girl crying) 556 00:44:22,498 --> 00:44:24,868 (announcement continuing) 557 00:44:55,247 --> 00:44:58,457 (announcement continuing) 558 00:45:25,706 --> 00:45:28,326 (siren wailing) 559 00:45:30,331 --> 00:45:32,461 (announcement continuing) 560 00:45:47,790 --> 00:45:52,000 (announcement continuing) 561 00:45:55,039 --> 00:45:57,159 (announcement fading) 562 00:46:12,331 --> 00:46:14,501 (distant helicopters thrumming) 563 00:46:28,414 --> 00:46:30,834 I said turn around. This is a restricted zone. 564 00:46:30,915 --> 00:46:35,285 -I'm from the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. -Do you have permission? 565 00:46:35,373 --> 00:46:37,623 Listen to me, I need to speak to someone urgently. 566 00:46:37,706 --> 00:46:40,076 Turn around right now, or I'll arrest you. 567 00:46:40,164 --> 00:46:41,924 If you arrest me, you should take me 568 00:46:41,997 --> 00:46:44,207 to the highest possible authority. 569 00:46:48,706 --> 00:46:51,246 Legasov: We have to start a radiological survey. 570 00:46:51,331 --> 00:46:55,541 Sector by sector, on foot, dosimeters in hand. 571 00:46:57,164 --> 00:46:58,924 Are you all right? 572 00:47:01,539 --> 00:47:02,869 Of course. 573 00:47:04,081 --> 00:47:05,411 Comrades-- 574 00:47:05,498 --> 00:47:08,118 The guards arrested this woman at the south checkpoint. 575 00:47:08,206 --> 00:47:12,456 -I'd have put her in a cell-- -But he thought you should know that I know. 576 00:47:12,539 --> 00:47:14,329 I know that your reactor core is exposed. 577 00:47:14,414 --> 00:47:17,334 I know the graphite is on fire, the fuel is melting, 578 00:47:17,414 --> 00:47:19,334 and you're dropping sand and boron on it, 579 00:47:19,414 --> 00:47:22,674 which you probably thought was smart, but you've made a mistake. 580 00:47:22,748 --> 00:47:25,828 Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk, Chief Physicist, 581 00:47:25,915 --> 00:47:28,205 Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 582 00:47:28,289 --> 00:47:31,539 And you are Valery Alexeyevich Legasov? 583 00:47:31,623 --> 00:47:34,163 Smothering the core will put the fire out, 584 00:47:34,247 --> 00:47:37,037 but the temperature will eventually increase-- 585 00:47:37,122 --> 00:47:38,672 Legasov: Believe me, I'm perfectly aware. 586 00:47:38,748 --> 00:47:40,788 But I estimate at least a month 587 00:47:40,873 --> 00:47:42,793 before it melts through the lower concrete pad, 588 00:47:42,873 --> 00:47:44,793 -which gives us time-- -No, you don't have a month. 589 00:47:44,873 --> 00:47:46,583 You have approximately two days. 590 00:47:47,498 --> 00:47:50,708 Yes, the fuel would take a month 591 00:47:50,790 --> 00:47:52,830 to reach the concrete pad here. 592 00:47:52,915 --> 00:47:56,405 But first... it's going to burn through 593 00:47:56,498 --> 00:47:58,868 the biological shield here by Tuesday. 594 00:47:58,956 --> 00:48:01,956 And when it does, it's going to hit these tanks-- 595 00:48:02,039 --> 00:48:03,329 bubbler pools, reservoirs-- 596 00:48:03,414 --> 00:48:06,584 Reservoirs for the ECS. I understand your concern, 597 00:48:06,665 --> 00:48:08,575 but I confirmed it with plant personnel. 598 00:48:08,665 --> 00:48:12,245 -The tanks are nearly empty. -No, they were nearly empty. 599 00:48:12,331 --> 00:48:15,791 Each of these points here, here, and here 600 00:48:15,873 --> 00:48:17,873 all drain to the bubbler pools. 601 00:48:17,956 --> 00:48:20,496 I'm guessing that every pipe in the building ruptured. 602 00:48:20,581 --> 00:48:23,541 And then there are those fire engines that I saw on the way in. 603 00:48:23,623 --> 00:48:25,753 The fire hoses are still connected. 604 00:48:25,831 --> 00:48:28,871 They've been gushing water into the structure this whole time. 605 00:48:28,956 --> 00:48:30,916 The tanks are full. 606 00:48:32,915 --> 00:48:35,455 The tanks are full. 607 00:48:37,997 --> 00:48:40,207 (speaking foreign language) 608 00:49:04,414 --> 00:49:05,674 (door opens) 609 00:49:14,456 --> 00:49:18,746 I have ten minutes, then I'm back on the phone 610 00:49:18,831 --> 00:49:21,751 apologizing to our friends, 611 00:49:21,831 --> 00:49:25,001 apologizing to our enemies. 612 00:49:25,081 --> 00:49:28,411 Our power comes from the perception of our power. 613 00:49:28,498 --> 00:49:32,118 Do you understand the damage this has done? 614 00:49:32,206 --> 00:49:35,406 Do you understand what's at stake? 615 00:49:37,039 --> 00:49:38,369 Boris. 616 00:49:40,456 --> 00:49:44,866 Professor Legasov will deliver our briefing. 617 00:49:46,539 --> 00:49:48,039 There is some good news. 618 00:49:48,122 --> 00:49:50,792 The air drops are working to douse the fire. 619 00:49:50,873 --> 00:49:54,623 There's been a reduction in radionuclide emissions, 620 00:49:54,706 --> 00:49:56,536 but the fire will not be extinguished 621 00:49:56,623 --> 00:49:59,503 for at least another two weeks. 622 00:50:01,414 --> 00:50:04,414 There is also an additional problem. 623 00:50:05,956 --> 00:50:07,706 Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold 624 00:50:07,790 --> 00:50:10,460 simply because it is not on fire. 625 00:50:10,539 --> 00:50:12,159 In fact, the temperature will likely rise 626 00:50:12,247 --> 00:50:14,957 as a result of the blanket of sand we've dropped. 627 00:50:15,039 --> 00:50:17,829 The uranium will melt the sand, 628 00:50:17,915 --> 00:50:19,615 creating a kind of lava 629 00:50:19,706 --> 00:50:22,996 which will begin to melt down through the shield below. 630 00:50:23,081 --> 00:50:24,621 You have made lava? 631 00:50:27,289 --> 00:50:29,409 I anticipated this. 632 00:50:30,915 --> 00:50:33,205 I believed there was time to reinforce 633 00:50:33,289 --> 00:50:35,329 this lower concrete pad 634 00:50:35,414 --> 00:50:36,874 before the lava reached the earth 635 00:50:36,956 --> 00:50:38,496 and contaminated the groundwater. 636 00:50:38,581 --> 00:50:41,671 But as it turned out, I was worried about the wrong thing. 637 00:50:41,748 --> 00:50:43,618 Uh, um... 638 00:50:43,706 --> 00:50:47,286 It was my understanding that these large water tanks 639 00:50:47,373 --> 00:50:49,963 under the reactor were essentially empty. 640 00:50:50,039 --> 00:50:53,119 This is Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute. 641 00:50:53,206 --> 00:50:55,496 Thanks to her insight, we are now aware 642 00:50:55,581 --> 00:50:58,871 that the tanks are, in fact, full. 643 00:50:58,956 --> 00:51:02,826 Of water. Why is that a problem, professor? 644 00:51:04,039 --> 00:51:05,499 (clears throat) 645 00:51:07,122 --> 00:51:08,792 When the lava enters these tanks, 646 00:51:08,873 --> 00:51:11,213 it will instantly superheat and vaporize 647 00:51:11,289 --> 00:51:14,959 approximately 7,000 cubic meters of water, 648 00:51:15,039 --> 00:51:18,539 causing a significant thermal explosion. 649 00:51:18,623 --> 00:51:20,583 How significant? 650 00:51:20,665 --> 00:51:24,535 We estimate between two and four megatons. 651 00:51:24,623 --> 00:51:27,923 Everything within a 30-kilometer radius 652 00:51:27,997 --> 00:51:29,667 will be completely destroyed, 653 00:51:29,748 --> 00:51:33,078 including the three remaining reactors at Chernobyl. 654 00:51:33,164 --> 00:51:36,674 The entirety of the radioactive material in all of the cores 655 00:51:36,748 --> 00:51:39,828 will be ejected at force 656 00:51:39,915 --> 00:51:42,955 and dispersed by a massive shock wave, 657 00:51:43,039 --> 00:51:48,249 which will extend approximately 200 kilometers 658 00:51:48,331 --> 00:51:51,621 and likely be fatal to the entire population of Kiev 659 00:51:51,706 --> 00:51:53,746 as well as a portion of Minsk. 660 00:51:53,831 --> 00:51:56,751 The release of radiation will be severe 661 00:51:56,831 --> 00:52:00,081 and will impact all of Soviet Ukraine, 662 00:52:00,164 --> 00:52:03,794 Latvia, Lithuania, Byelorussia, 663 00:52:03,873 --> 00:52:07,123 as well as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 664 00:52:07,206 --> 00:52:09,866 Romania, and most of East Germany. 665 00:52:13,539 --> 00:52:16,409 What do you mean "impact"? 666 00:52:17,206 --> 00:52:19,746 For much of the area, a nearly permanent disruption 667 00:52:19,831 --> 00:52:22,371 of the food and water supply, 668 00:52:22,456 --> 00:52:25,456 a steep increase in the rates of cancer and birth defects. 669 00:52:25,539 --> 00:52:28,999 I don't know how many deaths there will be, but many. 670 00:52:29,081 --> 00:52:30,961 For Byelorussia and the Ukraine, 671 00:52:31,039 --> 00:52:33,369 "impact" means completely uninhabitable 672 00:52:33,456 --> 00:52:36,866 for a minimum of 100 years. 673 00:52:40,706 --> 00:52:44,116 There are more than 50 million people 674 00:52:44,206 --> 00:52:46,956 living in Byelorussia and Ukraine. 675 00:52:47,039 --> 00:52:48,869 Sixty, yes. 676 00:52:53,247 --> 00:52:54,997 And how long before this happens? 677 00:52:55,081 --> 00:52:58,961 Approximately 48 to 72 hours. 678 00:53:02,414 --> 00:53:04,834 But we may have a solution. 679 00:53:04,915 --> 00:53:06,705 We can pump the water from the tanks. 680 00:53:06,790 --> 00:53:10,210 Unfortunately, the tanks are sealed shut by a sluice gate, 681 00:53:10,289 --> 00:53:12,409 and the gate can only be opened manually 682 00:53:12,498 --> 00:53:14,038 from within the duct system itself. 683 00:53:14,122 --> 00:53:17,292 So we need to find three plant workers 684 00:53:17,373 --> 00:53:18,963 who know the facility well enough 685 00:53:19,039 --> 00:53:20,669 to enter the basement here, 686 00:53:20,748 --> 00:53:24,998 find their way through all these duct ways, 687 00:53:25,081 --> 00:53:27,161 get to the sluice gate valve here, 688 00:53:27,247 --> 00:53:31,707 and give us the access we need to pump out the tanks. 689 00:53:31,790 --> 00:53:34,540 Of course, we will need your permission. 690 00:53:34,623 --> 00:53:36,673 My permission for what? 691 00:53:36,748 --> 00:53:39,208 Uh, the water in these ducts, 692 00:53:39,289 --> 00:53:42,119 the level of radioactive contamination-- 693 00:53:42,206 --> 00:53:44,616 They'll likely be dead in a week. 694 00:53:46,373 --> 00:53:50,123 We're asking for your permission to kill three men. 695 00:53:58,289 --> 00:53:59,669 Well... 696 00:53:59,748 --> 00:54:02,328 Comrade Legasov... 697 00:54:02,414 --> 00:54:06,164 (clears throat) all victories inevitably come at a cost. 698 00:54:42,456 --> 00:54:44,536 (dogs panting) 699 00:55:08,915 --> 00:55:11,035 (wind blowing) 700 00:55:31,289 --> 00:55:35,119 Legasov: And open the sluice gate valve... here. 701 00:55:35,206 --> 00:55:37,206 The valve will be difficult to operate, 702 00:55:37,289 --> 00:55:39,119 so we'll need three men 703 00:55:39,206 --> 00:55:42,746 who will need to know the basement layout. 704 00:55:42,831 --> 00:55:46,791 And, of course, any volunteers will be rewarded. 705 00:55:46,873 --> 00:55:51,293 A yearly stipend of 400 rubles. 706 00:55:57,373 --> 00:56:02,333 And, uh, for those of you working in reactors one and two, promotions. 707 00:56:02,414 --> 00:56:06,164 Why are reactors one and two still operating at all? 708 00:56:06,247 --> 00:56:08,327 My friend was a security guard that night, 709 00:56:08,414 --> 00:56:10,004 and, uh, she's now dying. 710 00:56:10,081 --> 00:56:12,711 And we've all heard about the firemen. 711 00:56:12,790 --> 00:56:16,790 And now you want us to swim underneath a burning reactor? 712 00:56:17,581 --> 00:56:19,711 Do you even know how contaminated it is? 713 00:56:19,790 --> 00:56:21,290 (clears throat) 714 00:56:21,790 --> 00:56:23,670 I... I don't have an exact number. 715 00:56:23,748 --> 00:56:26,618 You don't need an exact number to know if it'll kill us. 716 00:56:27,247 --> 00:56:29,157 But you can't even tell us that. 717 00:56:30,456 --> 00:56:32,866 Why should we do this? For what, 400 rubles? 718 00:56:32,956 --> 00:56:34,786 (murmurs in agreement) 719 00:56:36,414 --> 00:56:39,164 You'll do it because it must be done. 720 00:56:43,748 --> 00:56:47,118 You'll do it because nobody else can. 721 00:56:49,456 --> 00:56:53,116 And if you don't, millions will die. 722 00:56:54,289 --> 00:56:57,249 If you tell me that's not enough, I won't believe you. 723 00:56:58,456 --> 00:57:02,536 This is what has always set our people apart. 724 00:57:02,623 --> 00:57:05,833 A thousand years of sacrifice in our veins. 725 00:57:06,665 --> 00:57:09,455 And every generation must know its own suffering. 726 00:57:10,498 --> 00:57:13,248 I spit on the people who did this, 727 00:57:13,331 --> 00:57:15,961 and I curse the price I have to pay. 728 00:57:18,081 --> 00:57:20,501 But I'm making my peace with it, 729 00:57:20,581 --> 00:57:22,331 and now you make yours. 730 00:57:22,414 --> 00:57:25,164 And go into that water. 731 00:57:27,247 --> 00:57:28,917 Because it must be done. 732 00:57:28,997 --> 00:57:31,157 (distant helicopters thrumming) 733 00:57:46,164 --> 00:57:47,714 Ananenko. 734 00:57:52,039 --> 00:57:53,539 Bezpalov. 735 00:57:58,706 --> 00:58:00,536 Baranov. 736 00:58:48,247 --> 00:58:50,407 (distant helicopters thrumming) 737 00:59:55,373 --> 00:59:57,503 (dosimeters clicking) 738 00:59:59,831 --> 01:00:01,961 (door shuts) 739 01:00:05,164 --> 01:00:06,374 (grunts) 740 01:00:53,081 --> 01:00:55,001 (dosimeter clicking) 741 01:01:19,373 --> 01:01:20,413 (grunts) 742 01:01:47,706 --> 01:01:49,536 (dosimeter's clicking grows louder) 743 01:02:03,539 --> 01:02:05,619 (dosimeter crackling loudly) 744 01:02:15,247 --> 01:02:16,617 (grunts) 745 01:02:20,122 --> 01:02:21,832 -(clicking grows louder) -(water gushing) 746 01:02:21,915 --> 01:02:22,955 (grunts urgently) 747 01:02:29,247 --> 01:02:30,747 (grunts) 748 01:02:39,623 --> 01:02:41,793 (dosimeter clicking rapidly) 749 01:02:43,498 --> 01:02:45,788 -(tapping) -(grunting) 750 01:02:50,706 --> 01:02:52,956 (dosimeters clicking loudly, rapidly) 751 01:02:54,665 --> 01:02:55,705 (grunts) 752 01:02:57,706 --> 01:02:59,786 (dosimeters clicking loudly, rapidly) 753 01:02:59,873 --> 01:03:02,123 (men panting) 754 01:03:02,206 --> 01:03:03,156 (tapping) 755 01:03:03,247 --> 01:03:05,077 -(panting) -(tapping) 756 01:03:05,164 --> 01:03:07,334 (loud, rapid clicking continuing) 757 01:03:07,997 --> 01:03:10,247 -(tapping) -(rapid, heavy breathing) 758 01:03:10,331 --> 01:03:11,671 (silence) 53367

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