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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:40,059 --> 00:00:42,800 Anytime any of us are working on anything, 2 00:00:43,560 --> 00:00:48,180 I think it's very difficult to predict what the outcome of that work product 3 00:00:48,180 --> 00:00:49,180 will be. 4 00:00:50,600 --> 00:00:57,140 Sometimes a project gets lucky. In the case of Night of the Living Dead, I 5 00:00:57,140 --> 00:00:59,440 the project and we got very lucky. 6 00:01:01,960 --> 00:01:04,420 They're coming to get you, Barbara. 7 00:01:05,260 --> 00:01:07,880 Usually Night of the Living Dead is talked of in... 8 00:01:08,810 --> 00:01:13,130 regards to its relation to previous zombie movies, but it doesn't actually 9 00:01:13,130 --> 00:01:14,290 the word zombie. 10 00:01:20,010 --> 00:01:24,250 I mean, one of the problems with pre -Night of the Living Dead zombie films 11 00:01:24,250 --> 00:01:25,510 what to do with zombies. 12 00:01:26,150 --> 00:01:30,490 And so you get movies like White Zombie or I Walked with a Zombie or Plague of 13 00:01:30,490 --> 00:01:34,630 the Zombies, which are all about the evil people who exploit zombies rather 14 00:01:34,630 --> 00:01:37,230 zombies themselves, who are walking furniture. 15 00:01:38,040 --> 00:01:40,960 Now when people say zombies, it means something different. 16 00:01:41,200 --> 00:01:47,260 I didn't see one of the most famous zombie films. I walked with a zombie 17 00:01:47,260 --> 00:01:49,120 relatively recently. 18 00:01:51,280 --> 00:01:57,060 That, I'm afraid, I'm sorry to say, doesn't stand up awfully well today 19 00:01:57,060 --> 00:02:03,360 because the lead zombie is little more than a catatonic woman, completely 20 00:02:03,360 --> 00:02:05,380 harmless. She doesn't eat anyone. 21 00:02:06,249 --> 00:02:13,090 Romero changed the rules and Night of the Living Dead was a 22 00:02:13,090 --> 00:02:17,430 very, very important film. There's no doubt about it. I think it makes as much 23 00:02:17,430 --> 00:02:21,430 sense to relate Night of the Living Dead to... 24 00:02:23,670 --> 00:02:29,130 Invisible Invaders or The Last Man on Earth, which is an Italian film based on 25 00:02:29,130 --> 00:02:33,930 an American novel, I Am Legend, as it does to relate it to White Zombie or 26 00:02:33,930 --> 00:02:35,870 of the Zombies or even Plague of the Zombies. 27 00:02:36,090 --> 00:02:38,270 Those are kind of a different thing. 28 00:02:40,960 --> 00:02:46,160 The notion of the zombie apocalypse, the flesh -eating ghouls, the idea of an 29 00:02:46,160 --> 00:02:50,920 infection, all of those come from other stories. They're sort of from vampire 30 00:02:50,920 --> 00:02:54,760 stories. That's what Richard Matheson in I Am Legend does with it. 31 00:02:55,000 --> 00:02:59,480 And if you look at most zombie apocalypse movies, zombies are like the 32 00:02:59,640 --> 00:03:04,700 They could be an earthquake or a hurricane or a volcano. 33 00:03:05,580 --> 00:03:07,980 for all the difference that would make to the plot. 34 00:03:08,200 --> 00:03:14,000 And that distinguishes them from most monsters who have some kind of human, 35 00:03:14,120 --> 00:03:18,840 moral, relatable dimension. Maybe it's what makes zombies the nightmare 36 00:03:18,840 --> 00:03:19,920 for our time. 37 00:03:26,620 --> 00:03:30,480 Okay, an admittedly hokey premise. 38 00:03:31,420 --> 00:03:34,060 Recently dead people coming back to life. 39 00:03:34,300 --> 00:03:35,300 However... 40 00:03:35,590 --> 00:03:42,470 If such a phenomenon could happen, how would it play out and affect the lives 41 00:03:42,470 --> 00:03:48,310 of the people around them? And that we tried to depict as we thought people 42 00:03:48,310 --> 00:03:49,310 might react. 43 00:03:49,330 --> 00:03:55,010 And that strategy and that storytelling, certainly in the case of Night of the 44 00:03:55,010 --> 00:03:56,190 Living Dead, did pay off. 45 00:04:03,050 --> 00:04:09,310 Romero's Night of the Living Dead was a superlative horror film and I 46 00:04:09,310 --> 00:04:15,910 can still remember distinctly seeing it in a cinema in London's 47 00:04:15,910 --> 00:04:17,029 Piccadilly in 1970. 48 00:04:17,450 --> 00:04:24,290 I remember that it seemed so real that just for a 49 00:04:24,290 --> 00:04:30,250 moment when I came out of the cinema I expected to see zombies walking down 50 00:04:30,250 --> 00:04:35,000 Piccadilly. And then, of course, I clicked back into reality, and I felt 51 00:04:35,000 --> 00:04:40,520 that was the mark of a truly great horror film. 52 00:04:41,800 --> 00:04:44,420 Johnny, you're still afraid. 53 00:04:45,040 --> 00:04:46,600 Stop it now, I mean it. 54 00:04:47,120 --> 00:04:53,380 It was our first attempt at a narrative feature film, and we wanted that to be 55 00:04:53,380 --> 00:04:59,120 portrayed in a way that was as realistic as possible. 56 00:05:03,630 --> 00:05:10,470 Night of the living dead. The dead who live on living 57 00:05:10,470 --> 00:05:11,470 flesh. 58 00:05:12,310 --> 00:05:17,550 Associated theaters were the first theaters that played Night of the Living 59 00:05:17,550 --> 00:05:23,790 Dead. And George Stern, who was one of two cousins who operated Associated 60 00:05:23,790 --> 00:05:27,830 Theaters, the night after it opened in their theaters, 61 00:05:28,940 --> 00:05:34,420 called and he said, you boys are going to make a million dollars with this 62 00:05:34,420 --> 00:05:40,680 picture because we have never seen a first night turnout for 63 00:05:40,680 --> 00:05:46,120 what actually was a drive -in movie, a neighborhood theater movie. 64 00:05:46,480 --> 00:05:52,500 And in his experience, he knew right from the very beginning that there was 65 00:05:52,500 --> 00:05:55,940 something special about this film, so much so. 66 00:05:56,800 --> 00:06:02,360 that he picked up the phone and he called his exhibition counterparts in 67 00:06:02,360 --> 00:06:08,320 Philadelphia and Cleveland and Cincinnati, Dayton, Columbus, and other 68 00:06:08,400 --> 00:06:15,200 and said to his exhibition compatriots, you have to book 69 00:06:15,200 --> 00:06:21,160 this picture, we are doing, our opening night business was phenomenal, and 70 00:06:21,160 --> 00:06:25,560 ultimately that connection from the, 71 00:06:26,360 --> 00:06:31,220 a man who was responsible for the Pittsburgh exhibition, spread through 72 00:06:31,220 --> 00:06:36,140 movie business like wildfire. So it did pretty much right from the jump. 73 00:06:37,220 --> 00:06:42,540 Get launched into something more than just, oh, it's just another drive -in 74 00:06:42,540 --> 00:06:43,540 movie. 75 00:06:48,420 --> 00:06:54,880 It was everything that we got was from hero worship to... 76 00:06:55,320 --> 00:07:02,200 People thought that we were satanically inspired and that we had made a 77 00:07:02,200 --> 00:07:08,880 movie of absolutely no social redeeming value and that we had no place 78 00:07:08,880 --> 00:07:11,280 as movie artists, as film artists. 79 00:07:11,660 --> 00:07:13,900 And everything in between. 80 00:07:15,400 --> 00:07:22,120 I personally did not pay 81 00:07:22,120 --> 00:07:28,380 as much attention to other films that came in the close footprint 82 00:07:28,380 --> 00:07:30,360 of Night of the Living Dead. 83 00:07:30,620 --> 00:07:37,120 But I did know that Night of the Living Dead, although we certainly could not 84 00:07:37,120 --> 00:07:43,040 have planned for or predicted it to be so groundbreaking, it was. 85 00:07:50,440 --> 00:07:53,320 Night of the Living Dead essentially creates its own 86 00:07:58,450 --> 00:08:04,230 Zombie movies started to hit home, and in between Night of the Living Dead and 87 00:08:04,230 --> 00:08:09,110 before we got to, like, Romero's opus of Dawn of the Dead, you had the Spanish 88 00:08:09,110 --> 00:08:14,230 -produced movie, Living Dead at Manchester Morgue, there was the Amanda 89 00:08:14,230 --> 00:08:15,550 'Othorio's Blind Dead. 90 00:08:16,240 --> 00:08:20,300 I think there's four or five of those. A beautiful young girl is trapped by the 91 00:08:20,300 --> 00:08:21,300 evil forces. 92 00:08:21,380 --> 00:08:23,740 No one is safe from their curse. 93 00:08:25,320 --> 00:08:31,640 They touch base with what Romero did. They use bits and pieces of the other 94 00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:35,880 film. And because they're in different contexts and because some of them are 95 00:08:35,880 --> 00:08:39,860 made by sort of interesting filmmakers, they have stuff going on in them. 96 00:08:40,980 --> 00:08:45,460 Imagine, if you will, that something has gone terribly wrong. 97 00:08:48,100 --> 00:08:53,240 Shoot it, man. Now, accept the fact that there's no escaping the horrible 98 00:08:53,240 --> 00:08:54,240 consequences. 99 00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:57,940 George Romero brings back the dead. 100 00:08:58,880 --> 00:09:01,440 Night of the living dead has ended. 101 00:09:02,380 --> 00:09:05,480 Dawn of the dead is here. 102 00:09:05,800 --> 00:09:07,960 Night of the living dead, I saw when I think about it. 103 00:09:25,480 --> 00:09:32,120 When I saw Zombie, I saw it with Dario Argento, who was editing it, 104 00:09:32,360 --> 00:09:33,360 because Dario... 105 00:09:42,530 --> 00:09:49,230 When there is no more room in hell, the dead will walk the earth. 106 00:09:49,450 --> 00:09:51,650 My favorite version of... 107 00:10:12,950 --> 00:10:17,930 So between the American version, the one shot by Romero, and the Italian one, 108 00:10:17,950 --> 00:10:19,070 there's a big difference. 109 00:10:20,240 --> 00:10:25,200 because the girl who is pregnant in the film of Romero is seen every nine months 110 00:10:25,200 --> 00:10:31,720 of pregnancy, while here you see the two who get married, the mention of 111 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:35,280 pregnancy, then we are already at the end, that is, the middle part, which is 112 00:10:35,280 --> 00:10:36,280 the part, let's say, 113 00:10:37,480 --> 00:10:43,680 of stabilization, that is, they live in the supermarket, armored and the zombies 114 00:10:43,680 --> 00:10:48,440 are out, so for a period of time apparently nothing happens, the living 115 00:10:48,440 --> 00:10:53,060 to live within the consumerism, as soon as they manage to consume, the dead are 116 00:10:53,060 --> 00:10:55,300 out and want to enter to be able to consume. 117 00:10:55,720 --> 00:10:58,620 Then at some point the balance breaks and the dead eventually enter. 118 00:10:59,720 --> 00:11:02,820 But while Romero's film has a very high sociological value, 119 00:11:05,040 --> 00:11:09,860 And then it was more of a mass 120 00:11:09,860 --> 00:11:14,120 horror, I don't know how to say it, of a sensation. 121 00:11:26,840 --> 00:11:31,760 Worldwide then the Italians did their usual thing of slipping in into the 122 00:11:31,760 --> 00:11:36,620 and doing their own sort of imitations And you know and it brings us around to 123 00:11:36,620 --> 00:11:40,240 thought she's gonna be flesh eaters or zombie as it's known in the u .s 124 00:11:49,960 --> 00:11:56,920 Zombie 2 was a rip -off, as the Americans call it, on 125 00:11:56,920 --> 00:12:00,700 Zombie, George Romero's film, directed by Dario. 126 00:12:02,420 --> 00:12:09,220 The film by 127 00:12:09,220 --> 00:12:13,880 Fucci came out before Romero's, and above all it was written a year and a 128 00:12:13,880 --> 00:12:14,880 before. 129 00:12:15,040 --> 00:12:21,020 The film Zombie 2 was born in 1978, 130 00:12:23,500 --> 00:12:30,320 more or less in the summer, in June or July, because a producer, who is 131 00:12:30,320 --> 00:12:34,860 now dead, Gianfranco Cuglian, asked me 132 00:12:35,660 --> 00:12:41,500 made me read an Italian comic, Tex Wheeler, where there was an adventure of 133 00:12:41,500 --> 00:12:45,640 in the Valley of Death where he met a kind of living dead. 134 00:12:46,440 --> 00:12:53,420 Then he asked me if it was possible to make a film, a commission between horror 135 00:12:53,420 --> 00:12:54,420 and western. 136 00:12:55,340 --> 00:13:01,160 So I said no, this was not possible, but that it would have been possible to 137 00:13:01,160 --> 00:13:03,980 make a commission between adventure 138 00:13:04,720 --> 00:13:05,900 and horror. 139 00:13:06,280 --> 00:13:10,620 The film is shot with the original title which is The Island of Living Deaths. 140 00:13:10,620 --> 00:13:12,700 In June, when the film is finished, 141 00:13:13,760 --> 00:13:18,800 they have news that Dario Argento is shooting Zombie with Romero. 142 00:13:19,520 --> 00:13:25,840 Then, Ugo Tucci makes a joke, changes the title to 143 00:13:25,840 --> 00:13:30,080 exploit the notoriety of Dario and the film of Romero. 144 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:35,420 because they didn't accept the idea that others would follow a film of theirs 145 00:13:35,420 --> 00:13:42,320 and they sued the Rome Tribunal asking for the change of the 146 00:13:42,320 --> 00:13:47,600 title because they said that Zombie was ours and they couldn't follow our film. 147 00:13:48,320 --> 00:13:54,880 But the Tribunal rejected their request saying that Zombie wasn't a title 148 00:13:54,880 --> 00:13:56,920 invented by them but a common word. 149 00:14:06,069 --> 00:14:12,010 In Italy, Dawn of the Dead was released as Zombie, and Fulci's came out as 150 00:14:12,010 --> 00:14:13,010 Zombie Due. 151 00:14:13,630 --> 00:14:19,390 But if you get past the title, there's really no comparison, because Fulci's in 152 00:14:19,390 --> 00:14:23,610 the Caribbean dealing with voodoo, and Romero's Dawn of the Dead is the 153 00:14:23,610 --> 00:14:26,790 continuation of Night of the Living Dead. I mean, what the hell's going on 154 00:14:27,740 --> 00:14:28,980 Have you ever heard of voodoo? 155 00:14:29,820 --> 00:14:30,820 Voodoo? 156 00:14:30,960 --> 00:14:32,400 Doctor, you gotta be joking. 157 00:14:32,700 --> 00:14:33,639 That's kid stuff. 158 00:14:33,640 --> 00:14:36,060 I mean, voodoo is just plain superstitious bullshit. 159 00:14:59,240 --> 00:15:00,260 So that 160 00:15:00,260 --> 00:15:07,260 stirs back 161 00:15:07,260 --> 00:15:09,140 in something from... 162 00:15:22,390 --> 00:15:25,510 So you can't say it's a sequel. 163 00:15:25,710 --> 00:15:26,710 It's not a sequel. 164 00:15:26,730 --> 00:15:32,370 Casme is a prequel. It's what happens before the events narrated in Romero's 165 00:15:32,370 --> 00:15:33,370 Zombie. 166 00:15:34,120 --> 00:15:40,580 because Fulci decides to set his story in the land of voodoo and black magic, 167 00:15:40,580 --> 00:15:41,359 the Caribbean. 168 00:15:41,360 --> 00:15:45,700 My film, which was an adventure, was shot like a yellow. 169 00:15:46,440 --> 00:15:52,340 And so I wrote this story set in the Caribbean, where I actually did a little 170 00:15:52,340 --> 00:15:56,740 bit on the island of Dr. Moreau and other things, because there was actually 171 00:15:56,740 --> 00:16:02,040 doctor who was more or less crazy, who did experiments and so on, and therefore 172 00:16:02,040 --> 00:16:03,540 has Caribbean legends. 173 00:16:06,120 --> 00:16:13,000 I think the main similarity between the two films 174 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:14,580 is the big siege. 175 00:16:15,690 --> 00:16:16,690 ending. 176 00:16:17,250 --> 00:16:20,310 And that's kind of a common thing in zombie movies. 177 00:16:20,690 --> 00:16:24,510 I mean, you have to find somewhere to kind of hole up. You have to figure out 178 00:16:24,510 --> 00:16:28,850 strategy. And the best strategy seems to be find somewhere you can defend, block 179 00:16:28,850 --> 00:16:29,809 yourself in. 180 00:16:29,810 --> 00:16:34,030 Although it is kind of the worst strategy because as soon as you do that, 181 00:16:34,030 --> 00:16:36,450 just keep coming and they know you're in there. They know there's food in there 182 00:16:36,450 --> 00:16:39,330 and they just kind of mill around aimlessly and they're never going to go 183 00:16:44,360 --> 00:16:49,420 What both films are suggesting is that, you know, there is no stopping the 184 00:16:49,420 --> 00:16:50,279 zombie apocalypse. 185 00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:55,480 There is no way to end it. Both films are saying we can't stop this, we can't 186 00:16:55,480 --> 00:17:00,820 fight it. That it is the true apocalypse. There is no happy ending to 187 00:17:00,820 --> 00:17:01,820 these stories. 188 00:17:07,480 --> 00:17:12,000 which is very much linked to the end of Romero and precisely the end, that is, 189 00:17:12,040 --> 00:17:13,680 the zombies on the bridge of Brooklyn. 190 00:17:14,579 --> 00:17:19,640 Because at that moment you see a mass of zombies walking towards a city that at 191 00:17:19,640 --> 00:17:25,380 that moment represented the maximum of consumerism, of these things here, and 192 00:17:25,380 --> 00:17:29,840 therefore obviously reattaches itself to the theme of Romero. 193 00:17:35,180 --> 00:17:38,840 George Romero's Dawn of the Dead was a kind of an allegory about, you know, 194 00:17:38,840 --> 00:17:42,900 the shopping generation and I think the Italians kind of dropped all those 195 00:17:42,900 --> 00:17:47,120 metaphors and went back to more like classic ghost stories and it was all 196 00:17:47,120 --> 00:17:51,400 the mood and the atmosphere and the pacing and the music and it was very 197 00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:55,660 more almost like a gothic horror, sort of the classic horror with, you know, 198 00:17:55,660 --> 00:18:00,240 smoke and fog and much more stylized, I suppose. 199 00:18:01,600 --> 00:18:06,120 What was lost in perhaps more sophisticated narrative. 200 00:18:06,700 --> 00:18:08,760 It's found stylistically. 201 00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:13,080 He's very deliberate in where he places the camera, very deliberate on what you 202 00:18:13,080 --> 00:18:17,480 see. The long lingering shots of somebody getting their eye poked out. 203 00:18:17,480 --> 00:18:21,220 know, he loves watching the eyes getting poked out. Those are very, you know, he 204 00:18:21,220 --> 00:18:22,240 really pays attention. 205 00:18:22,540 --> 00:18:27,640 It's very much about his style. I mean, that lingering shot of the boat coming 206 00:18:27,640 --> 00:18:32,180 into New York Harbor is amazing. I mean, in New York is often used in horror 207 00:18:32,180 --> 00:18:37,080 films. But actually people really forget that New York is on the open ocean. 208 00:18:37,280 --> 00:18:40,640 The harbor is there, but this is the first time that it took an Italian to 209 00:18:40,640 --> 00:18:44,360 in and say, no, New York, you are connected to the ocean where some evil 210 00:18:44,360 --> 00:18:47,200 come up a long way. And he takes his time with that thought. 211 00:18:47,580 --> 00:18:51,560 He understands the space that these people are inhabiting much better than 212 00:18:51,560 --> 00:18:52,399 Romero does. 213 00:18:52,400 --> 00:18:55,740 But then Romero's got the advantage of a really strong story. 214 00:18:56,400 --> 00:18:57,440 Stay where you are, mister. 215 00:18:58,140 --> 00:19:00,560 Put your hands on the deck there. I told you not to move. 216 00:19:01,280 --> 00:19:06,740 Romero's is more of a solid story piece with effects pieces, whereas Fulci's 217 00:19:06,740 --> 00:19:12,060 movie is, after you get to the island, sort of halfway through, it's the 218 00:19:12,060 --> 00:19:14,420 abattoirness of the effects and it's... 219 00:19:15,150 --> 00:19:17,290 you know, the crunchiness of those special effects. 220 00:19:17,490 --> 00:19:21,390 The look of the zombies is interesting in the different types of films. 221 00:19:21,850 --> 00:19:25,550 I mean, the Romero ones, they have this kind of just generic blue or green 222 00:19:25,550 --> 00:19:28,890 paint, and then the closer ones, they've got the more elaborate stuff. 223 00:19:30,310 --> 00:19:35,010 And in Zombie Flash, they look like they've been buried for a long time. 224 00:19:35,010 --> 00:19:37,270 look rotten and rotting. 225 00:19:37,810 --> 00:19:42,070 Their fingers are all sunken and bony, and there's just bits missing off them. 226 00:19:43,960 --> 00:19:48,120 I think that's because in the first two Romero, it's just kind of started. 227 00:19:48,380 --> 00:19:51,020 So they haven't had time to decompose as much. 228 00:19:51,920 --> 00:19:55,260 They do a bit more of that in Day of the Dead. They've kind of been rotting for 229 00:19:55,260 --> 00:19:59,560 a while. But in the Fulci ones, you get the feeling they've been just hanging 230 00:19:59,560 --> 00:20:03,820 around for hundreds of years, most of them. Even the recent ones, it's so hot 231 00:20:03,820 --> 00:20:05,580 and humid and disgusting. 232 00:20:07,050 --> 00:20:10,750 They're falling to bits already and crusty and horrible. 233 00:20:11,010 --> 00:20:13,730 Even if they don't bite you, you don't want them touching you. They're just 234 00:20:13,730 --> 00:20:15,830 horrible. They're really nasty. 235 00:20:16,190 --> 00:20:19,970 They do become much of a muchness in terms of their presence. 236 00:20:20,510 --> 00:20:25,470 The zombies in Romero's films, you're kind of warm to them. I mean, I really 237 00:20:25,470 --> 00:20:29,350 felt for the zombies. And whereas the zombies in the Italian films, they were 238 00:20:29,350 --> 00:20:30,950 kind of just... 239 00:20:31,420 --> 00:20:34,820 They were more like monsters in a classical way. I didn't really warm to 240 00:20:34,820 --> 00:20:38,400 couldn't really see the original person, the original human being before the 241 00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:45,320 zombie. Zombie Flesh Eaters is, I suppose, not without interest. I'll go 242 00:20:45,320 --> 00:20:49,660 far as to say that it's obviously a very stylish film, and you can tell that 243 00:20:49,660 --> 00:20:55,840 from the opening scene, which has been much commented on. I saw it when it was 244 00:20:55,840 --> 00:20:57,500 first released in the cinema. 245 00:20:58,190 --> 00:21:04,450 on a double bill with the toolbox murders and both films were butchered by 246 00:21:04,450 --> 00:21:10,290 british board of film censors which annoyed me intensely i remember that the 247 00:21:10,290 --> 00:21:16,030 audience loved zombie flesh eaters and every time there was an attack by the 248 00:21:16,030 --> 00:21:22,050 zombies they screamed with delight but of course every attack had been ripped 249 00:21:22,050 --> 00:21:24,110 shreds by the censors 250 00:21:31,880 --> 00:21:36,460 You know what? It was better in widescreen, in the cut version, than it 251 00:21:36,460 --> 00:21:41,320 VHS, panned and scanned, and with all the effects in it. Because it's a film 252 00:21:41,320 --> 00:21:43,320 that sort of depends on its look. 253 00:21:43,560 --> 00:21:50,180 I don't think those Italian zombie movies, the horror boom 254 00:21:50,180 --> 00:21:56,040 pictures of the early 80s, were particularly well served by video as a 255 00:21:56,200 --> 00:21:58,940 because they were widescreen. 256 00:21:59,140 --> 00:22:00,580 Oddly enough... 257 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:06,880 George Romero wasn't shooting in widescreen. So Dawn of the Dead really 258 00:22:06,880 --> 00:22:13,060 VHS. And you can see why that really took off through the roof during the 259 00:22:13,060 --> 00:22:14,460 rental era. 260 00:22:14,680 --> 00:22:21,620 Because it had a smaller frame and the look was slightly grottier. And 261 00:22:21,620 --> 00:22:25,700 so it didn't really matter that the image was slightly degraded. But I think 262 00:22:25,700 --> 00:22:27,900 those Italian films lost out a lot. 263 00:22:28,140 --> 00:22:29,900 And it was only really when... 264 00:22:30,600 --> 00:22:35,680 They started coming out, actually probably on Laserdisc first, that people 265 00:22:35,680 --> 00:22:37,040 realised how good they looked. 266 00:22:37,380 --> 00:22:43,940 We were in the midst of the so -called video nasty scare, and the director of 267 00:22:43,940 --> 00:22:49,080 public prosecutions had decided that Zombie Flesh Eaters, along with many 268 00:22:49,080 --> 00:22:55,440 films, was obscene, and what developed was an underground movement of 269 00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:57,600 aficionados who would pass... 270 00:22:58,970 --> 00:23:03,310 illegal videotapes from one to the other. It was a very exciting thing to 271 00:23:03,310 --> 00:23:08,570 course, because you could, in theory, be prosecuted if you were found with these 272 00:23:08,570 --> 00:23:10,130 obscene materials on you. 273 00:23:10,430 --> 00:23:17,110 And that was when I first saw the uncut zombie flesh eaters complete 274 00:23:17,110 --> 00:23:21,470 with the scene probably it's most famous for, where... 275 00:23:21,950 --> 00:23:26,250 The woman has her eyeball skewered on a wood splinter. That had been cut 276 00:23:26,250 --> 00:23:30,730 completely from the original British release, so that was astonishing. 277 00:23:31,190 --> 00:23:35,810 We'd seen a lot of films around that time where they do the build -up and 278 00:23:35,810 --> 00:23:37,690 they cut away and then they show the aftermath. 279 00:23:37,990 --> 00:23:41,870 So we were kind of used to that cinematic language where you cut away 280 00:23:41,870 --> 00:23:42,990 the after -effects. 281 00:23:43,720 --> 00:23:47,680 So we were not expecting them to show the entire thing. 282 00:23:48,180 --> 00:23:52,280 So it kind of took us by surprise that we weren't thinking, oh, my God, 283 00:23:52,340 --> 00:23:55,800 Rubberhead. So as soon as it appeared, half the people in the audience looked 284 00:23:55,800 --> 00:23:58,840 away. The rest of us were watching, going, wow, cool effect. 285 00:23:59,160 --> 00:24:04,000 I think there's a moment where it goes from being one of the most upsetting 286 00:24:04,000 --> 00:24:07,880 things you're ever going to see in a cinema to, oh, that's Rubber. 287 00:24:09,580 --> 00:24:15,560 the sensor cut actually snips out the rubber effect so you get enough you get 288 00:24:15,560 --> 00:24:21,240 the idea you get the upsetting bit but by removing the fakey punch line it's 289 00:24:21,240 --> 00:24:27,280 actually a much more yeah um seriously disturbing moment for me i mean i 290 00:24:27,280 --> 00:24:31,440 prefer the uncut version to that over the cut version purely because 291 00:24:32,360 --> 00:24:36,560 I must admit, I'm a bit of a sucker for gore. For me, that was like, wow, how 292 00:24:36,560 --> 00:24:40,800 did they do that? And it's one of those things that I've got to put my hand up 293 00:24:40,800 --> 00:24:44,760 and I think I must have watched it a hundred times, frame by frame, just to 294 00:24:44,760 --> 00:24:48,160 how that special effect was done. 295 00:24:48,720 --> 00:24:53,000 Practical special effects, you cannot beat it. And the Italians, hats off to 296 00:24:53,000 --> 00:24:55,460 them. They were the best at it. 297 00:25:00,200 --> 00:25:04,340 I remember the discussions between him and the director of the autograph, 298 00:25:04,860 --> 00:25:07,220 because to be able to have a fire, 299 00:25:08,490 --> 00:25:14,370 to have the change of fire on the screen that entered, they needed 300 00:25:14,370 --> 00:25:20,490 a particular lens, because they had to pass, I don't remember now, maybe it's 301 00:25:20,490 --> 00:25:26,030 stupid, from a certain type to a 9, and so we needed a transducer, I remember 302 00:25:26,030 --> 00:25:30,350 this thing, the user said, you have to use a transducer because otherwise I 303 00:25:30,350 --> 00:25:31,350 don't have it on fire. 304 00:25:32,090 --> 00:25:34,090 So he was a great technician. 305 00:25:35,450 --> 00:25:36,810 I designed the scene, 306 00:25:37,870 --> 00:25:43,010 I described it in detail, but he did it perfectly. 307 00:25:43,790 --> 00:25:50,210 I'm almost sure that I'm not sure that any other director would have done it as 308 00:25:50,210 --> 00:25:51,210 well as him. 309 00:25:51,890 --> 00:25:55,630 I think only Lucio could have done it that way. 310 00:25:57,410 --> 00:26:01,810 I think he made a film, among other things, with one of his best, in my 311 00:26:01,890 --> 00:26:06,470 because it is distressing, claustrophobic. 312 00:26:06,920 --> 00:26:11,360 all the part set on the island, where the action really takes place. 313 00:26:12,820 --> 00:26:19,380 It's a kind of terrible western horror, where the 314 00:26:19,380 --> 00:26:25,380 deaths come back live, there are some beautiful special effects by Giannetto 315 00:26:25,380 --> 00:26:27,120 Rossi, there are some actors... 316 00:26:44,110 --> 00:26:49,910 Another standout piece in Zombie Fleshy has got to be the scene where Aretha 317 00:26:49,910 --> 00:26:50,990 Gray is diving. 318 00:26:56,040 --> 00:26:59,980 Producers of Piranha 3D think they have cornered the market in underwater 319 00:26:59,980 --> 00:27:06,300 topless ballet, but Zombie Fleshy just got their way before this with a very 320 00:27:06,300 --> 00:27:12,540 long, slightly unnecessary, gratuitous, nearly naked woman swimming around for 321 00:27:12,540 --> 00:27:16,200 no apparent reason. And then all of a sudden a bull shark comes in as well. 322 00:27:16,480 --> 00:27:18,560 It's such a clever scene because... 323 00:27:18,840 --> 00:27:22,520 you think the shark is going to get her and that's kind of presented as the 324 00:27:22,520 --> 00:27:25,760 threat and there's lots of ominous shots of the shark and you think that's going 325 00:27:25,760 --> 00:27:28,820 to be the thing that gets her and then it's a kind of a classic bait and switch 326 00:27:28,820 --> 00:27:31,560 the zombie appears and now there's a zombie and a shark 327 00:27:48,750 --> 00:27:51,490 who is a Mexican specialized in shark scenes. 328 00:27:52,310 --> 00:27:57,270 And I bought 30 minutes of sharks and I don't know what to do. 329 00:27:58,050 --> 00:28:05,030 So see if you can invent something so that I can use these 330 00:28:05,030 --> 00:28:06,030 20 minutes. 331 00:28:06,230 --> 00:28:12,030 The thing can only work if we turn it around, that is, the white shark, the 332 00:28:12,030 --> 00:28:15,850 fearsome white shark, goes to bite and instead it is bitten. 333 00:28:24,580 --> 00:28:30,600 It's a very clever writing trick where you have two threats, but then one of 334 00:28:30,600 --> 00:28:36,660 threats is used to combat the other threat. So it's a very nice kind of neat 335 00:28:36,660 --> 00:28:37,660 around it. 336 00:28:40,680 --> 00:28:44,360 That's got to be one of the best things I've ever seen in a zombie film. A 337 00:28:44,360 --> 00:28:49,440 zombie is wrestling a shark, which is amazing. It took Romero how many films 338 00:28:49,440 --> 00:28:50,440 get his zombies underwater? 339 00:28:50,780 --> 00:28:53,080 He didn't do it to Land of the Dead. 340 00:28:53,320 --> 00:28:58,340 And here, already, you've got a zombie wrestling a shark. It's a brilliant 341 00:28:58,340 --> 00:29:02,960 device, just showing how outrageous it can be. And this is not too far off the 342 00:29:02,960 --> 00:29:04,340 time of Jaws as well. 343 00:29:05,710 --> 00:29:10,690 are on people's minds so you know the italians are really looking at 344 00:29:10,690 --> 00:29:15,590 that's happening an american film is saying how can we pull out something for 345 00:29:15,590 --> 00:29:21,050 it's so crazy and so stupid it doesn't really make much sense you know but i 346 00:29:21,050 --> 00:29:24,330 love the idea that there's millions of zombies under the sea attacking sharks 347 00:29:24,330 --> 00:29:25,330 you know 348 00:29:34,800 --> 00:29:39,540 It's done very well and I think it's one of the highlights of the film. 349 00:29:44,640 --> 00:29:51,520 Zombie 2 went very well, just like Zombie 1, 350 00:29:51,720 --> 00:29:57,620 but the Italian production noticed that a film with zombies was sold quite well 351 00:29:57,620 --> 00:29:58,620 abroad. 352 00:29:59,150 --> 00:30:04,710 It was easy to make money, and it was also easy to make money, because you 353 00:30:04,710 --> 00:30:09,610 had to take ten pieces, cover them with blood and go. 354 00:30:10,810 --> 00:30:15,610 So there were a series of productions, but much smaller, that in Italy 355 00:30:15,610 --> 00:30:22,210 practically had no success, no follow -up, because they were mainly aimed at 356 00:30:22,210 --> 00:30:25,310 sales abroad, films made with very little money. 357 00:30:25,950 --> 00:30:30,810 because the zombie trick allows you to shoot with little expense. 358 00:30:34,230 --> 00:30:41,230 After that, given the success of that scene, then Lucio 359 00:30:41,230 --> 00:30:44,510 got involved, because it's a bit like the zombie thing. 360 00:30:45,250 --> 00:30:48,370 It was like saying... 361 00:30:48,940 --> 00:30:51,060 Let's repeat the things that happened. 362 00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:57,140 Since the audience wants zombies, since the audience wants the eye, let's give 363 00:30:57,140 --> 00:30:58,140 it to them. 364 00:30:58,520 --> 00:31:03,300 And so there was some repetitiveness, which is what, in my opinion, destroyed 365 00:31:03,300 --> 00:31:04,580 our cinema. 366 00:31:11,240 --> 00:31:16,200 really the floodgates opened and as the whole slew you know uh with fucci with 367 00:31:16,200 --> 00:31:19,720 the beyond and city live and dead at the house by the cemetery 368 00:32:05,970 --> 00:32:10,210 You can see the progression between 369 00:32:11,580 --> 00:32:15,260 Zombie flesh eaters, then City of the Living Dead, then The Beyond, then House 370 00:32:15,260 --> 00:32:16,219 by the Cemetery. 371 00:32:16,220 --> 00:32:22,860 You can see they become more abstract, more peculiar, more pretentious and 372 00:32:22,860 --> 00:32:25,560 arty in a way that I sort of respond to. 373 00:32:26,420 --> 00:32:32,700 Maybe less coherent as narrative and maybe less effective as exploitation. 374 00:32:39,340 --> 00:32:45,160 I actually believe Fulci had a bit of fun with his zombie quartet because 375 00:32:45,160 --> 00:32:50,360 the pure zombie movie of zombie flesh eaters, in City of the Living Dead you 376 00:32:50,360 --> 00:32:54,380 teleporting zombies blink and they're not there, open your eyes and if you 377 00:32:54,380 --> 00:32:58,040 them, that's it, they'll bite your neck off. There's a whole lot of stuff in 378 00:32:58,040 --> 00:33:01,280 City of the Living Dead that is sort of random, isn't there? 379 00:33:02,640 --> 00:33:08,040 Even the way the characters are regarded as utterly disposable. 380 00:33:14,000 --> 00:33:21,000 Then if you go to The Beyond, which is a masterpiece in its own right, if 381 00:33:21,000 --> 00:33:24,040 you actually look at the history of that movie, it was never going to be a 382 00:33:24,040 --> 00:33:24,759 zombie movie. 383 00:33:24,760 --> 00:33:29,400 It was because the German backers wanted zombies, and zombies were so popular 384 00:33:29,400 --> 00:33:35,240 that Fulci was almost forced to write the scenes at the end of the movie in 385 00:33:35,240 --> 00:33:39,160 hospital where you've got Warbeck and Catriona running around to please the 386 00:33:39,160 --> 00:33:40,400 German audience. 387 00:33:41,500 --> 00:33:46,180 If that film wasn't actually co -produced in Germany, what would that 388 00:33:46,180 --> 00:33:48,680 been? A haunted house picture, maybe? 389 00:33:54,500 --> 00:34:01,480 The UK marketing on House by the Cemetery, can anyone escape the 390 00:34:01,480 --> 00:34:05,460 zombies? Well, we all know there's only one zombie in House by the Cemetery. 391 00:34:06,250 --> 00:34:10,710 and he's kind of not your typical zombie because why would he stay in the cellar 392 00:34:10,710 --> 00:34:14,909 because if it was me i'd be coming up the stairs breaking into the house and 393 00:34:14,909 --> 00:34:18,850 eating the whole household not waiting for them to come down the stairs and 394 00:34:18,850 --> 00:34:19,850 me 395 00:34:36,190 --> 00:34:39,650 key two important figures even if different from each other like the 396 00:34:39,650 --> 00:34:44,550 frankenstein or the doctor frankenstein and freud obviously joining them 397 00:34:44,550 --> 00:34:48,790 together because he hated us psychoanalysis and therefore I had to do 398 00:34:48,790 --> 00:34:53,510 unnecessary slander, which he also did other times in his thrillers in his 399 00:34:53,510 --> 00:35:00,310 precisely at the psychoanalysis however freudstein is actually a living dead but 400 00:35:00,310 --> 00:35:04,330 at the same time it is a creature now supernatural because who is 401 00:35:05,870 --> 00:35:12,810 He has a voice almost like a child, but he has a repellent body composed 402 00:35:12,810 --> 00:35:19,130 of pieces, practically a kind of human mosaic with pieces of corpses that he 403 00:35:19,130 --> 00:35:22,830 obviously rips off to his own victims. 404 00:35:23,270 --> 00:35:27,830 It's not a zombie movie, in the purest sense of the word, because in that 405 00:35:27,830 --> 00:35:30,270 Fulci had already made 406 00:35:31,130 --> 00:35:35,310 Fear in the State of Wind Deaths and The Beyond, which are, on the other hand, 407 00:35:35,390 --> 00:35:41,970 other zombie movies, more linear, definitely more defined 408 00:35:41,970 --> 00:35:43,410 within their genre. 409 00:35:47,630 --> 00:35:52,590 Zombie II, on the other hand, is a film that has remained, of all those, the 410 00:35:52,590 --> 00:35:59,430 first of its kind. And it's the best, in my opinion. Some others are beautiful, 411 00:35:59,670 --> 00:36:00,670 very beautiful. 412 00:36:00,890 --> 00:36:02,870 But I think they're always incomplete. 413 00:36:03,530 --> 00:36:09,910 Maybe they lack a clear idea of what they wanted to do, or they didn't let 414 00:36:09,910 --> 00:36:11,190 them do everything. 415 00:36:11,690 --> 00:36:17,330 The producers often intervene in these productions and forced them to change 416 00:36:17,330 --> 00:36:22,690 things. The result isn't as perfect as Zombie 2, which is a great film and 417 00:36:22,690 --> 00:36:23,930 beautiful to watch. 418 00:36:30,380 --> 00:36:37,200 Certainly, when I was honored for the Cannibal 419 00:36:37,200 --> 00:36:43,300 Holocaust, I was invited to all the festivals, I went to the conventions, 420 00:36:43,300 --> 00:36:48,280 entered a world that didn't belong to me, a world that I didn't know, because 421 00:36:48,280 --> 00:36:54,400 I've never been a follower of zombie movies or horror movies, absolutely not. 422 00:36:55,100 --> 00:37:01,920 But I began to see them, I was forced to see them at the beginning and 423 00:37:01,920 --> 00:37:06,900 I understood the bravery of one and the other director. 424 00:37:07,360 --> 00:37:13,980 For example, I found the films of Fulci extraordinarily better than many 425 00:37:13,980 --> 00:37:18,180 zombie films made by... 426 00:37:18,990 --> 00:37:22,370 by other directors who are unqualifiable. 427 00:37:22,810 --> 00:37:28,790 I like everything about Fulci, apart from being a great friend, he was a 428 00:37:28,790 --> 00:37:34,230 director who, wherever he put his hands, pulled something good out, even in the 429 00:37:34,230 --> 00:37:35,230 comic. 430 00:37:35,570 --> 00:37:41,570 He is someone who has written films that are in the history of Italian cinema, 431 00:37:41,570 --> 00:37:45,870 so I can't say anything bad about Fulci. 432 00:37:46,560 --> 00:37:47,560 I love him. 433 00:37:48,820 --> 00:37:55,040 I also went to see his zombie movies, because he has a different hand. 434 00:37:55,560 --> 00:38:00,500 It's an element of elegance, of turning it into a real job. 435 00:38:05,640 --> 00:38:07,480 Elegance, that's the important thing. 436 00:38:07,760 --> 00:38:09,300 Never being lazy. 437 00:38:10,540 --> 00:38:13,780 Always following the path of... 438 00:38:14,200 --> 00:38:17,560 films, even with little budget, but to do it well. 439 00:38:17,940 --> 00:38:24,860 Clearly after Zombie 2, which had a notable success in Italy and abroad, as 440 00:38:24,860 --> 00:38:31,500 said before, distributors and Italian producers continue on this false line, 441 00:38:31,540 --> 00:38:37,240 on this path, launched by Fulci. 442 00:38:47,500 --> 00:38:49,640 This is the same thing that happened to me. 443 00:38:50,020 --> 00:38:56,780 Those who followed me in Cannibal Holocaust, I saw someone who used 444 00:38:56,780 --> 00:39:02,960 the same kind of shooting as in Cannibal Holocaust and I liked it, but then they 445 00:39:02,960 --> 00:39:09,060 used the means to make cannibal porn, zombie cannibal 446 00:39:09,060 --> 00:39:11,720 and all the rest. 447 00:39:13,520 --> 00:39:14,520 I never liked it. 448 00:39:14,640 --> 00:39:21,380 And they made these films that then became a cross between the zombie genre, 449 00:39:21,380 --> 00:39:26,420 cannibal genre. Even the cannibal genre in Italy has never gone well, it has 450 00:39:26,420 --> 00:39:31,440 never achieved results at the box office, but abroad it sold very well. 451 00:39:31,780 --> 00:39:35,580 There were many events and even that did not cost much because you went to a 452 00:39:35,580 --> 00:39:42,300 wild place, you took some local digens, local people and you made the 453 00:39:42,300 --> 00:39:46,660 film. and makes a series of horror movies one after the other. 454 00:39:47,640 --> 00:39:54,300 Zombie Holocaust, for example, directed by Marino Girolami, is a 455 00:39:54,300 --> 00:39:57,980 very atypical zombie, very anomalous, very strange. 456 00:39:58,340 --> 00:40:02,300 I found it very funny because it actually unites the theme of the Mad 457 00:40:02,520 --> 00:40:05,880 that of the cannibals who at that time were very... 458 00:40:06,360 --> 00:40:12,540 very popular in Italy and in general in international genre cinema, and the 459 00:40:12,540 --> 00:40:16,860 theme of zombies that had arrived roughly in those same years. 460 00:40:17,080 --> 00:40:23,600 So, combining three film situations, three different narrative 461 00:40:23,600 --> 00:40:29,880 plots, such as the Mad Doctor who creates terrible monsters, creates the 462 00:40:29,880 --> 00:40:33,960 cannibals himself and the zombies, 463 00:40:45,900 --> 00:40:51,500 just zombies wasn't enough so you have things like zombie holocaust which is a 464 00:40:51,500 --> 00:40:58,140 zombie movie in a cannibal movie and a mad science movie uh yeah it's bluntest 465 00:40:58,140 --> 00:41:01,640 as the erotic knights of the living dead which is a zombie movie in a porno 466 00:41:01,640 --> 00:41:02,640 movie 467 00:41:10,990 --> 00:41:17,790 So, Joy D 'Amato, on the other hand, combined in his own way 468 00:41:17,790 --> 00:41:24,610 two other film elements of that period, two subgenres in some way, 469 00:41:24,730 --> 00:41:31,590 namely the exotic Eros and the zombies, shooting the erotic nights, 470 00:41:31,610 --> 00:41:32,770 the death of the wind. 471 00:41:32,990 --> 00:41:36,450 This is a film also very anchored there. 472 00:41:56,410 --> 00:41:58,530 It's basically a pornography film. 473 00:41:59,000 --> 00:42:02,800 The zombies have very little to do with it. But it's the strangest pornography 474 00:42:02,800 --> 00:42:06,400 film you'd ever seen. Like, if a person just wants to watch porn, they should 475 00:42:06,400 --> 00:42:09,040 not watch this film, because it's incredibly disturbing. 476 00:42:09,440 --> 00:42:13,300 It starts off at a psychiatric hospital, where you think two inmates have just, 477 00:42:13,360 --> 00:42:17,760 you know, gotten together to go at it. Then you go back into the past, and it's 478 00:42:17,760 --> 00:42:21,500 all a porn film. This man wants to buy this island to set up as some sort of 479 00:42:21,500 --> 00:42:25,060 brothel, and you see him, you know, it's got everything a porn film wants. 480 00:42:26,020 --> 00:42:27,480 Explicit shots of sex. 481 00:42:28,040 --> 00:42:32,900 three ways girl on girl on this island and then all of a sudden there's this 482 00:42:32,900 --> 00:42:36,820 other woman who turns out to be a ghost and everybody but two of them get killed 483 00:42:36,820 --> 00:42:41,300 by the zombies the last 20 minutes it's all the zombies the porn goes completely 484 00:42:41,300 --> 00:42:46,460 out the window until the end and the two people who survive go insane and start 485 00:42:46,460 --> 00:42:49,620 fucking on the beach and then they do it again later and they're the two people 486 00:42:49,620 --> 00:42:53,840 we see in the psychiatric hospital it's extremely bizarre like I don't know if 487 00:42:53,840 --> 00:42:57,680 they were trying to market it to zombie horror fans who might want to have a 488 00:42:57,680 --> 00:42:59,700 little bit of porn in with their movie as well. 489 00:43:00,140 --> 00:43:05,180 It's a very strange take on that. Let's throw some zombies into a porn film and 490 00:43:05,180 --> 00:43:06,640 try to get two markets at once. 491 00:43:06,960 --> 00:43:10,660 But people who are into porn but not into horror movies would not like this 492 00:43:10,660 --> 00:43:11,660 film. 493 00:43:15,460 --> 00:43:19,880 A Cannibal Apocalypse, that's an infection movie and it works kind of 494 00:43:19,880 --> 00:43:22,280 zombie picture and it has zombie elements. 495 00:43:22,890 --> 00:43:29,250 in it but it's also a vietnam veteran crazed psychopath movie put it down 496 00:43:29,250 --> 00:43:33,970 it's the only cannibal movie i've ever seen where the virus of being a cannibal 497 00:43:33,970 --> 00:43:38,810 is transferred through the the action of biting someone and i guess that you 498 00:43:38,810 --> 00:43:45,690 know antonio margariti really kind of flipped the genre there sometimes 499 00:43:45,690 --> 00:43:48,350 by the time the movie comes out the 500 00:43:49,210 --> 00:43:54,290 the genre lineage becomes so scrambled that interesting things can happen in 501 00:43:54,290 --> 00:43:55,490 interstices. 502 00:43:56,650 --> 00:44:02,310 And so that was why it was sort of fun at the time to catch up on these movies. 503 00:44:08,070 --> 00:44:09,470 God help us all. 504 00:44:10,270 --> 00:44:15,790 I'm a big fan of Nightmare City, and I think that brought something sort of new 505 00:44:15,790 --> 00:44:16,790 to the genre. 506 00:44:19,950 --> 00:44:24,530 There you got zombies at the airport running around with axes, machetes and 507 00:44:24,530 --> 00:44:25,530 the rest of it. 508 00:44:28,030 --> 00:44:31,350 And the zombies run out and they have guns and they begin attacking. 509 00:44:31,590 --> 00:44:33,770 They are a coordinated force. 510 00:44:34,110 --> 00:44:37,850 So it's not just that the zombies are running, but they obviously have some 511 00:44:37,850 --> 00:44:39,350 level of intelligence. 512 00:44:40,050 --> 00:44:41,850 So again, it's like... 513 00:44:42,220 --> 00:44:43,620 Are they truly zombies? 514 00:44:43,860 --> 00:44:46,720 Well, it doesn't really matter because all we know is that they're attacking 515 00:44:46,720 --> 00:44:50,840 everyone and everybody's going to die. And they go into a television studio 516 00:44:50,840 --> 00:44:55,800 where this dance show or aerobics show is going on and somehow they manage to 517 00:44:55,800 --> 00:44:57,860 get all the way into this building and attack. 518 00:44:58,220 --> 00:45:03,360 That, of course, is reminiscent of Dawn of the Dead, the original film, which 519 00:45:03,360 --> 00:45:06,900 starts off in a moody studio where a scientist is trying to tell everybody we 520 00:45:06,900 --> 00:45:08,640 have to prepare and everybody's ignoring. 521 00:45:08,900 --> 00:45:10,500 So, you know, it's sort of a... 522 00:45:11,100 --> 00:45:14,320 something to that. It's saying, yes, it's invading our media. 523 00:45:17,940 --> 00:45:21,820 If you look back at it after all these years, it actually does, you know, it's 524 00:45:21,820 --> 00:45:25,580 one of the more sort of favourite and fun zombie movies to watch. 525 00:45:25,800 --> 00:45:29,080 Many have been seriously injured and hundreds of lives have been lost. 526 00:45:30,320 --> 00:45:32,820 Nightmare 50, I think, was the first film with zombies that run. 527 00:45:33,320 --> 00:45:37,340 And so, obviously, 28 days later, you know, like 28 weeks later, they picked 528 00:45:37,340 --> 00:45:38,340 on that. And now... 529 00:45:38,680 --> 00:45:42,000 It's kind of like most zombies you see now are running zombies, you know, so I 530 00:45:42,000 --> 00:45:45,580 obviously just love the walking ones. In a way, I find the walking ones more 531 00:45:45,580 --> 00:45:46,580 scary. 532 00:45:46,800 --> 00:45:51,260 And I'm not quite sure why zombies do run, you know, because most people in 533 00:45:51,260 --> 00:45:55,080 world can't run that fast. So I don't understand why you turn into a zombie 534 00:45:55,080 --> 00:45:56,340 you can suddenly run really fast. 535 00:45:56,660 --> 00:45:59,080 I think maybe if you're a marathon runner zombie, maybe. 536 00:46:05,520 --> 00:46:09,880 What's interesting about the Romero films is that Zombies are pretty much 537 00:46:09,880 --> 00:46:14,560 the same, put in a different context as Romero explores different social and 538 00:46:14,560 --> 00:46:15,560 political situations. 539 00:46:16,020 --> 00:46:19,920 What the Italian zombie films do is they change the zombie. 540 00:46:20,140 --> 00:46:24,260 Like, first, you have just the regular zombie that we all know, slow -moving, 541 00:46:24,260 --> 00:46:28,560 trying to eat your brains. But then with each subsequent film, you know, there's 542 00:46:28,560 --> 00:46:32,460 teleportation, then they have guns, they learn how to use weapons. They change 543 00:46:32,460 --> 00:46:34,280 the zombie. They change the monster. 544 00:46:35,980 --> 00:46:40,080 I think, obviously, once you get into the 80s boom, when there were so many of 545 00:46:40,080 --> 00:46:46,340 these things crowding together in such a brief time, a certain numbing rote 546 00:46:46,340 --> 00:46:47,660 repetition sets in. 547 00:46:47,920 --> 00:46:50,540 You need to hit their heads! I told you! See? Like this! 548 00:46:52,880 --> 00:46:54,340 Get away! 549 00:46:55,040 --> 00:46:59,940 I'm not a big fan of zombie creeping flesh, and to me that was kind of a 550 00:46:59,940 --> 00:47:02,560 of all the other zombie films. 551 00:47:03,360 --> 00:47:06,740 Perhaps it was getting a bit stale, a bit bored, and maybe people realised 552 00:47:07,560 --> 00:47:08,900 No! No! 553 00:47:13,000 --> 00:47:18,500 Another one that jumps to the forefront of my mind is Burial Ground, 554 00:47:18,760 --> 00:47:25,160 with a rather weird Peter Bach playing a young kid, but I think in real life he 555 00:47:25,160 --> 00:47:26,160 was in his 30s. 556 00:47:30,350 --> 00:47:34,990 casting a man who I assume is just extremely small in stature as a boy. 557 00:47:35,530 --> 00:47:40,130 But then I suppose that had to do with the incestuous content of the film and 558 00:47:40,130 --> 00:47:45,650 that sort of misogyny, the child returning to the mother's breast and 559 00:47:45,650 --> 00:47:49,770 devouring the mother. It was mainly shot around one location. 560 00:47:50,150 --> 00:47:55,150 Let's get a few people off the street in to be the main actors and actresses. 561 00:47:55,720 --> 00:47:59,320 And it had some, but you know, it's only saving grace really was it had some, 562 00:47:59,380 --> 00:48:02,780 you know, it had some half decent effects by Gino De Rossi. 563 00:48:05,040 --> 00:48:10,620 And of course, going forward, Romero did Day of the Dead, which for me is, I 564 00:48:10,620 --> 00:48:14,380 personally feel it's the best zombie movie of all time. 565 00:48:16,160 --> 00:48:20,760 Savini's work basically on the special effects, I don't think it has ever been 566 00:48:20,760 --> 00:48:23,020 beaten. It's just grimy and nihilistic. 567 00:48:27,690 --> 00:48:29,010 Apparently he was in the military. 568 00:48:29,930 --> 00:48:31,690 Return a salute and see what he does. 569 00:48:32,610 --> 00:48:36,250 You want me to salute that pile of walking pot? 570 00:48:37,690 --> 00:48:39,190 Salute my ass. 571 00:48:39,510 --> 00:48:46,170 And then really the whole boom really fizzled out and unfortunately Fulci and 572 00:48:46,170 --> 00:48:50,870 Bruno Mattai cobbled together, zombie free. 573 00:48:58,540 --> 00:49:05,260 Zumbi 3 is a film certainly a bit different from the filmography of Fulci 574 00:49:05,260 --> 00:49:11,020 because in reality he did not finish it, that is, it is a film by Fulci for 575 00:49:11,020 --> 00:49:16,500 sure, because most of the shots were made by him in the Philippines. 576 00:49:17,310 --> 00:49:19,390 a horror set in the Philippines. 577 00:49:19,810 --> 00:49:23,550 At that time many films were made in the Philippines, especially Vietnam movies 578 00:49:23,550 --> 00:49:28,250 inspired by American success, such as Rambo, Platoon, Apocalypse Now, etc. 579 00:49:28,530 --> 00:49:33,890 So many Italian directors went there, such as Antonio Margheriti and Bruno 580 00:49:33,890 --> 00:49:34,890 Mattei, for example. 581 00:49:36,310 --> 00:49:43,050 The producer of the film then decides to entrust 582 00:49:43,050 --> 00:49:44,310 additional sequences 583 00:49:45,260 --> 00:49:52,080 because, in his opinion, the film did not reach a full minute, to 584 00:49:52,080 --> 00:49:57,840 Bruno Mattei and Claudio Fragasso, who return to the Philippines to play 585 00:49:58,080 --> 00:50:04,440 They are the scenes of the laboratory, with the men in white shirts, many 586 00:50:04,440 --> 00:50:09,020 shooting scenes, there are also parts of the final scenes. 587 00:50:10,620 --> 00:50:17,160 There are certainly more things, so it is not easy to write completely Zombie 3 588 00:50:17,160 --> 00:50:22,720 in Fulci, but undoubtedly there are very strong, very violent elements, very 589 00:50:22,720 --> 00:50:29,160 recognizable, the head that comes out of the fridge and slashes the throat of a 590 00:50:29,160 --> 00:50:34,200 victim. There is the imprint of the master, you can feel it anyway. 591 00:50:38,730 --> 00:50:44,350 Return of the Living Dead, which was 85, and Zombie 3 in 88, they both show the 592 00:50:44,350 --> 00:50:49,110 cause of, you know, the world being overrun by zombies caused by a chemical 593 00:50:49,110 --> 00:50:53,950 spillage. Return of the Living Dead was a big box office hit, so the Italians on 594 00:50:53,950 --> 00:50:57,670 their sort of tired and sort of almost waning sort of zombie movies obviously 595 00:50:57,670 --> 00:51:03,230 picked up on this and thought, OK, let's chuck the chemical radioactive ash 596 00:51:03,230 --> 00:51:05,350 spillage into our own sort of... 597 00:51:05,760 --> 00:51:09,780 pot of madness and they came out with you know with zombie free which has got 598 00:51:09,780 --> 00:51:16,660 dive bombing seagulls flying heads um it's just it's quite a bizarre movie 599 00:51:16,660 --> 00:51:21,540 in the whole sort of canon of zombie movies then followed Zombie 4 and Zombie 600 00:51:21,900 --> 00:51:25,760 But the weird thing is I've never really got my head around it. Zombie 5 was 601 00:51:25,760 --> 00:51:27,620 actually made before Zombie 4. 602 00:51:27,920 --> 00:51:29,320 So go figure. 603 00:51:29,600 --> 00:51:35,620 It's all to do with the titles and cashing in still on Zombie Due from 604 00:51:39,820 --> 00:51:44,740 I think at that point it just had run its course. But then most... 605 00:51:44,990 --> 00:51:49,170 Films do, even though zombie films are being made today, it's only maybe every 606 00:51:49,170 --> 00:51:51,230 10 years you get one that's actually any good. 607 00:51:51,870 --> 00:51:52,870 Look, Sarah, look. 608 00:51:56,250 --> 00:52:02,050 It wants me. I think today especially, you know, we've invested so much of the 609 00:52:02,050 --> 00:52:05,830 earlier America, not as more recent ones, which unfortunately they've really 610 00:52:05,830 --> 00:52:09,570 gone down in quality, but as early ones we've invested them with so much. 611 00:52:10,220 --> 00:52:14,180 political and social undertone, where the Italian ones, they're just fun. 612 00:52:14,260 --> 00:52:16,920 They're just fun B -movies, but they're really well shot. 613 00:52:17,200 --> 00:52:22,000 They're really cleverly staged. And because they are much more grotesque, 614 00:52:22,000 --> 00:52:26,220 more violent, a lot more blood, and in cases of some of them, a lot more sex, 615 00:52:26,440 --> 00:52:32,060 which is sex not a factor in the Romero, any of the, you know, North American 616 00:52:32,060 --> 00:52:35,000 zombie films, whereas they are in the Italian films. 617 00:52:35,320 --> 00:52:40,100 We don't take them any sort of serious political or social way that we do with 618 00:52:40,100 --> 00:52:43,480 Romero films. To us, they're just fun, fun horror movies. 619 00:52:49,260 --> 00:52:55,420 There are a little clump of movies that exist on their own, but that's how 620 00:52:55,420 --> 00:53:01,100 Italian exploitation cinema seemed to work. One year, everybody would make 621 00:53:01,100 --> 00:53:02,100 crime films. 622 00:53:02,260 --> 00:53:04,700 The next year, everybody would make cannibal films. 623 00:53:05,290 --> 00:53:08,170 Then they'd make, you know, Nazi exploitation films. 624 00:53:08,390 --> 00:53:11,590 Then there'd be zombie films. Then they went on to something else. I think it 625 00:53:11,590 --> 00:53:16,690 was Mad Max movies came after. Or was it Conan imitations? But anyway, there's 626 00:53:16,690 --> 00:53:21,750 these sort of tent poles and everybody, yeah, all the people we now think of as 627 00:53:21,750 --> 00:53:26,930 Italian exploitation auteurs would go and make one of these pictures or one or 628 00:53:26,930 --> 00:53:27,930 two. 629 00:53:30,910 --> 00:53:34,550 There wasn't... 630 00:53:34,840 --> 00:53:37,860 that much attention being paid to them when they came out. 631 00:53:39,140 --> 00:53:44,840 I mean, in a way, one of the sad things that happened was by the time there was 632 00:53:44,840 --> 00:53:50,840 an organised fandom, by the time people were writing about these films, the boom 633 00:53:50,840 --> 00:53:51,718 had died. 634 00:53:51,720 --> 00:53:55,080 There had been a whole bunch of zombie booms. You know, we've had Shaun of the 635 00:53:55,080 --> 00:53:58,320 Dead, we've had The Walking Dead, we've had... 636 00:53:58,650 --> 00:54:03,330 28 Days Later and The Door of the Dead remake, Zombieland, and yet there are no 637 00:54:03,330 --> 00:54:08,050 Italian filmmakers out there able to revive the Italian boom. 638 00:54:08,370 --> 00:54:12,370 I mean, all subsequent zombie movies, I think they look back to these films 639 00:54:12,370 --> 00:54:13,710 sometimes. You can see... 640 00:54:14,760 --> 00:54:18,780 I mean, one of the things I find strange is that Zack Snyder's Dawn of the Dead 641 00:54:18,780 --> 00:54:25,620 is as influenced by Italian zombie movies as by Romero's films, partly 642 00:54:25,620 --> 00:54:28,600 because one of the things he does is completely strip out any notion of 643 00:54:28,600 --> 00:54:34,220 political or social context and just kind of gets gruesome and miserable. And 644 00:54:34,220 --> 00:54:35,220 think that... 645 00:54:35,600 --> 00:54:40,800 Yeah, he relates maybe to demons is the urtext of that. 646 00:54:41,460 --> 00:54:45,440 Yeah, a bunch of awful people get mashed on by monsters. 647 00:54:46,180 --> 00:54:52,060 But yeah, I don't think that it was ever going to be something that would last. 648 00:54:56,340 --> 00:54:57,980 There's just something about zombies. 649 00:54:58,560 --> 00:55:00,820 There's just something wrong and weird about them. 650 00:55:01,060 --> 00:55:02,720 And also like vampires. 651 00:55:03,600 --> 00:55:07,680 The biggest threat from a zombie, the thing that you don't want to happen, is 652 00:55:07,680 --> 00:55:11,140 become one of them. And that's the worst thing. It's not that they'll kill you. 653 00:55:12,420 --> 00:55:14,420 They will turn you into one of them. 654 00:55:14,760 --> 00:55:18,700 And that's more frightening. If you're trapped in a building and there's 100 655 00:55:18,700 --> 00:55:22,940 tigers outside, the worst that can happen is they kill you. With the 656 00:55:22,940 --> 00:55:26,800 outside, even one of them, a tiny bite or a scratch... 657 00:55:27,160 --> 00:55:30,040 and you're going to become one of them, and you'll either become one of them 658 00:55:30,040 --> 00:55:34,440 straight away, or you'll have this kind of long, lingering, living death, where 659 00:55:34,440 --> 00:55:38,040 you know you're going to turn at some point, and everyone's kind of watching 660 00:55:38,040 --> 00:55:41,280 with their fingers on their guns, ready, and you know that they're going to have 661 00:55:41,280 --> 00:55:41,959 to kill you. 662 00:55:41,960 --> 00:55:45,780 Or you're going to have to kill your best friend, or your wife, or your dad. 663 00:55:46,640 --> 00:55:51,580 And I think that's the thing that keeps them exciting and scary and interesting. 664 00:55:56,200 --> 00:56:01,940 One of the things that happens in the Italian zombie pictures that was later 665 00:56:01,940 --> 00:56:08,800 taken up by the rise of zombie video games 666 00:56:08,800 --> 00:56:12,560 and then the films based on Resident Evil, House of the Dead, that kind of 667 00:56:12,560 --> 00:56:18,260 thing, is the idea that zombies become cannon fodder. They become the 668 00:56:18,260 --> 00:56:21,420 perfect modern version of what... 669 00:56:21,710 --> 00:56:26,850 a certain type of matinee western used to use apaches for and what world war ii 670 00:56:26,850 --> 00:56:31,050 films use nazis for they look like people but you're allowed to kill them 671 00:56:31,050 --> 00:56:34,330 you don't have to feel bad about it i 672 00:56:34,330 --> 00:56:39,910 kind of uh 673 00:56:41,000 --> 00:56:46,860 got tired of zombies i have to say uh zombies have been um in my view 674 00:56:46,860 --> 00:56:53,760 overexposed since romero changed the rules of the game and although i've 675 00:56:53,760 --> 00:56:59,660 to keep up with them um and i have seen the rest of the romero films i have to 676 00:56:59,660 --> 00:57:06,360 say um They've never had the same impact as that first film, and I suppose it's 677 00:57:06,360 --> 00:57:12,740 inevitable. To me, especially now, it seems as though people are just 678 00:57:12,740 --> 00:57:19,000 desperate to try and alter the formula, but without 679 00:57:19,000 --> 00:57:25,180 much success, without that huge impact that Night of the Living Dead had. 680 00:57:26,280 --> 00:57:29,460 Forty -some years later, people are still... 681 00:57:30,480 --> 00:57:36,440 making movies about it, about zombies, doing interviews about it, and doing 682 00:57:36,440 --> 00:57:39,180 scholarly critiques of zombies. 683 00:57:42,570 --> 00:57:47,310 I've kept in touch with the zombie genre and I have to say I'm not really very 684 00:57:47,310 --> 00:57:49,650 impressed with what people have been doing. 685 00:57:49,990 --> 00:57:55,350 They've been trying to introduce zombies into other environments and it hasn't 686 00:57:55,350 --> 00:57:59,710 been entirely successful. I'm talking about films like Zombie Strippers and 687 00:57:59,710 --> 00:58:02,090 Zombies of Mass Destruction. 688 00:58:02,590 --> 00:58:07,030 I don't think it's just me. I think these are films that are very unpopular 689 00:58:07,030 --> 00:58:07,769 the fans. 690 00:58:07,770 --> 00:58:11,310 They like the idea of the films but when they go and see them... 691 00:58:11,720 --> 00:58:12,718 They're disappointed. 692 00:58:12,720 --> 00:58:18,900 And I have to say that anyone coming to zombie flesh eaters for the first time 693 00:58:18,900 --> 00:58:25,500 is probably not going to be disappointed. I think it's a film that 694 00:58:25,500 --> 00:58:29,660 goods. I think it's got its problems. I think it's got some pretty ridiculous 695 00:58:29,660 --> 00:58:32,700 dialogue and some ludicrous scenes. 696 00:58:32,960 --> 00:58:39,060 But ultimately, I think it's a satisfying zombie film. It's a stylish 697 00:58:39,540 --> 00:58:45,200 Lucio Fulci. He isn't the greatest horror director in the history of 698 00:58:45,200 --> 00:58:51,120 he's one of the greats. And I think it's very important to see one of his best 699 00:58:51,120 --> 00:58:57,180 films as it was meant to be seen, a pristine print, uncut. 64993

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