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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,667 --> 00:00:04,600 [narrator] In France, a mighty fortress 2 00:00:04,600 --> 00:00:07,033 defeated by a single soldier. 3 00:00:08,233 --> 00:00:10,700 The story that somebody could take it so easily, 4 00:00:10,700 --> 00:00:12,233 it's almost unbelievable. 5 00:00:14,266 --> 00:00:18,533 [narrator] A vacation resort for Nazi sympathizers. 6 00:00:18,533 --> 00:00:22,667 When the Eichhorns create their special little bit 7 00:00:22,667 --> 00:00:27,166 of Nazi Germany, that is the shape of things to come. 8 00:00:28,800 --> 00:00:30,000 [narrator] And a palace home for a crime kingpin. 9 00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:31,000 [narrator] And a palace home for a crime kingpin. 10 00:00:32,133 --> 00:00:34,700 He also trafficked in weapons, 11 00:00:34,700 --> 00:00:38,967 and it's alleged that he practiced torture and extrajudicial executions. 12 00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:42,767 [narrator] Decaying relics. 13 00:00:44,800 --> 00:00:46,800 Ruins of lost worlds. 14 00:00:48,367 --> 00:00:50,900 Sites haunted by the past. 15 00:00:52,033 --> 00:00:55,233 Their secrets waiting to be revealed. 16 00:01:04,767 --> 00:01:07,400 [narrator] In the highlands of Argentina, 17 00:01:07,400 --> 00:01:11,266 there lies an estate built for the rich and powerful. 18 00:01:18,033 --> 00:01:20,400 You've got these beautiful mountains, 19 00:01:20,400 --> 00:01:24,567 and you have nestled in there this beautiful large old building. 20 00:01:25,834 --> 00:01:29,734 You go into this place and it's absolutely sumptuous. 21 00:01:29,734 --> 00:01:30,000 And it's clearly targeted at a rather upmarket clientele. 22 00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:31,000 And it's clearly targeted at a rather upmarket clientele. 23 00:01:36,066 --> 00:01:40,900 [narrator] Details that mark the history of this place are now missing. 24 00:01:40,900 --> 00:01:45,700 If you look up at this arch, you can see that there used to be something 25 00:01:45,700 --> 00:01:49,000 that has clearly been knocked off. 26 00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:53,166 It looks like there was a hasty change to this arch. 27 00:01:53,166 --> 00:01:55,667 Wonder what was there? 28 00:01:55,667 --> 00:01:59,800 [narrator] This site is at the center of a controversial theory, 29 00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:00,000 that an infamous politician faked his death and came here for sanctuary. 30 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:01,000 that an infamous politician faked his death and came here for sanctuary. 31 00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:10,634 Of course, this is complete rubbish and not true at all. 32 00:02:10,634 --> 00:02:15,433 But the fact that that conspiracy theory exists, that people think about this, 33 00:02:15,433 --> 00:02:18,200 gives us a clue to the history of this building. 34 00:02:26,300 --> 00:02:29,834 [narrator] In 1897, this land was an empty meadow... 35 00:02:30,567 --> 00:02:31,000 until one man passed through. 36 00:02:33,700 --> 00:02:36,400 A German tourist comes into Argentina, 37 00:02:36,400 --> 00:02:37,967 and comes to this region 38 00:02:37,967 --> 00:02:41,166 and realizes this is beautiful. 39 00:02:41,166 --> 00:02:44,934 The air is clean, it's just a wonderful space. 40 00:02:44,934 --> 00:02:48,567 And he makes this decision to build a hotel. 41 00:02:48,567 --> 00:02:54,433 [narrator] His hotel was to be the most luxurious in all of Argentina. 42 00:02:54,433 --> 00:02:57,567 [Wawro] And it had huge kitchens, refrigerators 43 00:02:57,567 --> 00:02:59,967 so that the guests could partake 44 00:02:59,967 --> 00:03:00,000 of all the fruits of Argentina. 45 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:01,000 of all the fruits of Argentina. 46 00:03:02,667 --> 00:03:07,233 [narrator] But despite its luxuries, this hotel was losing money. 47 00:03:07,233 --> 00:03:09,166 [Landdeck] The original owners could never get this hotel 48 00:03:09,166 --> 00:03:11,567 profitable enough to make up for their debt, 49 00:03:11,567 --> 00:03:13,967 but they did find someone to buy it from them. 50 00:03:16,166 --> 00:03:20,033 [narrator] In 1912, the hotel came under new management. 51 00:03:22,166 --> 00:03:24,333 It was bought by a married couple 52 00:03:24,333 --> 00:03:26,800 called Walter and Ida Eichhorn. 53 00:03:28,166 --> 00:03:30,000 The Eichhorns were very clever in their business techniques. 54 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:31,000 The Eichhorns were very clever in their business techniques. 55 00:03:31,166 --> 00:03:33,066 They had a lot of great ideas. 56 00:03:33,066 --> 00:03:37,867 They worked in the sophisticated circles of the day, 57 00:03:37,867 --> 00:03:40,934 the more popular and wealthier crowds, 58 00:03:40,934 --> 00:03:44,634 and were able to convince them that Argentina was the place to go 59 00:03:44,634 --> 00:03:48,433 and that Hotel Eden was the only place to stay. 60 00:03:48,433 --> 00:03:52,433 [narrator] Gabriela Sanchez has studied the history of the Eichhorns. 61 00:03:53,166 --> 00:03:54,100 [Sanchez speaking Spanish] 62 00:03:54,100 --> 00:03:55,300 [translator speaking] As time went by, 63 00:03:55,300 --> 00:03:57,400 they modernized it little by little. 64 00:03:59,734 --> 00:04:00,000 That's why the theater was built and shows were organized. 65 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:01,000 That's why the theater was built and shows were organized. 66 00:04:03,700 --> 00:04:07,500 They built the skating rink, the tennis and croquet courts, 67 00:04:07,500 --> 00:04:09,934 and organized promenades on horseback. 68 00:04:11,100 --> 00:04:13,767 The main idea was to make visitors very comfortable. 69 00:04:18,767 --> 00:04:24,600 Germans start to come and stay at the Hotel Eden 70 00:04:25,667 --> 00:04:29,367 because it's one up on their neighbors 71 00:04:29,367 --> 00:04:30,000 who only went to Baden-Baden. 72 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:31,000 who only went to Baden-Baden. 73 00:04:35,367 --> 00:04:38,033 [narrator] The Eichhorns had turned the Hotel Eden 74 00:04:38,033 --> 00:04:41,000 from a failing business to a thriving resort. 75 00:04:41,934 --> 00:04:44,033 But the hotel would start to attract 76 00:04:44,033 --> 00:04:46,500 a very specific kind of clientele. 77 00:04:50,266 --> 00:04:52,233 [Sanchez speaking Spanish] 78 00:04:52,233 --> 00:04:55,333 [translator speaking] This is one of the most expensive rooms at the hotel. 79 00:04:56,467 --> 00:04:58,367 This was the presidential suite, 80 00:04:58,367 --> 00:05:00,000 divided into several rooms, like the walk-in wardrobe and a private bathroom. 81 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:01,000 divided into several rooms, like the walk-in wardrobe and a private bathroom. 82 00:05:06,900 --> 00:05:10,800 All sorts of prominent Germans, you know, went there, 83 00:05:10,800 --> 00:05:13,767 including Albert Einstein, who was there in 1925. 84 00:05:14,934 --> 00:05:16,700 [narrator] But a rumor suggests 85 00:05:16,700 --> 00:05:20,667 that another influential German stayed at the hotel, 86 00:05:20,667 --> 00:05:23,567 a rising star in German politics, 87 00:05:24,500 --> 00:05:25,600 Adolf Hitler. 88 00:05:27,634 --> 00:05:30,000 One of the really difficult aspects of the early days of the Nazi Party 89 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:31,000 One of the really difficult aspects of the early days of the Nazi Party 90 00:05:32,900 --> 00:05:40,400 was that Hitler was the most engaging speaker the Nazis had. 91 00:05:40,400 --> 00:05:43,700 And he went on speaking tours around Germany 92 00:05:43,700 --> 00:05:49,567 to raise money and gain support for the Nazi Party. 93 00:05:49,567 --> 00:05:55,066 The Eichhorns were just the kind of forward-looking 94 00:05:55,066 --> 00:05:58,266 modern people with money 95 00:05:58,266 --> 00:06:00,000 who Adolf Hitler was trying to latch onto. 96 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:01,000 who Adolf Hitler was trying to latch onto. 97 00:06:02,367 --> 00:06:05,200 [narrator] The Eichhorns invested their own money 98 00:06:05,200 --> 00:06:07,967 into Hitler's National Socialist Party. 99 00:06:07,967 --> 00:06:13,300 The Hotel Eden became an Argentinian outpost for Nazi sympathizers. 100 00:06:14,300 --> 00:06:15,567 [Sanchez speaking Spanish] 101 00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:17,400 [translator speaking] In this area, they had a radio, 102 00:06:17,400 --> 00:06:22,033 a system of antennas where they would listen to the Fuehrer's speeches. 103 00:06:22,033 --> 00:06:25,867 They would gather in the afternoons to listen to them. 104 00:06:25,867 --> 00:06:30,000 [Nusbacher] They would sit in the bar at the Eden Hotel 105 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:30,934 [Nusbacher] They would sit in the bar at the Eden Hotel 106 00:06:30,934 --> 00:06:31,000 and they would drink German wine and eat German food and talk German talk. 107 00:06:37,500 --> 00:06:41,333 They were German heroes drinking German beer 108 00:06:41,333 --> 00:06:45,667 and listening to the greatest German of them all, Hitler. 109 00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:51,800 [narrator] The hotel's entrance was even decorated with Nazi symbols. 110 00:06:56,934 --> 00:07:00,000 The Eichhorns' loyalty was rewarded in 1937, 111 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:01,000 The Eichhorns' loyalty was rewarded in 1937, 112 00:07:01,333 --> 00:07:03,433 on their silver wedding anniversary. 113 00:07:06,433 --> 00:07:07,900 [speaking Spanish] 114 00:07:07,900 --> 00:07:09,734 [translator speaking] This is the main dining room of the hotel. 115 00:07:12,200 --> 00:07:14,400 They had a lot of decorations with flowers. 116 00:07:15,433 --> 00:07:18,266 They loved natural flowers. 117 00:07:18,266 --> 00:07:21,800 They decorated with Christmas-style lighting between pillars. 118 00:07:23,066 --> 00:07:25,634 And they decorated the ceiling as well. 119 00:07:25,634 --> 00:07:27,166 It was really beautiful. 120 00:07:30,767 --> 00:07:31,000 They invite all the best guests 121 00:07:33,333 --> 00:07:36,166 and all sorts of important people from the region 122 00:07:36,166 --> 00:07:38,967 and from Germany to come to the hotel 123 00:07:38,967 --> 00:07:41,133 to celebrate their 25th anniversary. 124 00:07:48,934 --> 00:07:52,433 [narrator] The Eichhorns invited a guest of honor, 125 00:07:52,433 --> 00:07:55,333 the German ambassador to Argentina. 126 00:07:55,333 --> 00:07:58,600 He came with a present from the Fuehrer himself. 127 00:08:09,533 --> 00:08:12,567 [narrator] In the 1930s, a German couple 128 00:08:12,567 --> 00:08:15,333 had turned an Argentinian hotel 129 00:08:15,333 --> 00:08:18,600 into a Nazi vacation hotspot. 130 00:08:18,600 --> 00:08:21,100 On their 25th wedding anniversary, 131 00:08:21,100 --> 00:08:24,000 the German ambassador gave them a present. 132 00:08:25,133 --> 00:08:28,133 And, you know, they get into some sort of dream state 133 00:08:28,133 --> 00:08:30,400 'cause they heard that the German ambassador 134 00:08:30,400 --> 00:08:31,547 is coming from Buenos Aires 135 00:08:31,547 --> 00:08:31,934 is coming from Buenos Aires 136 00:08:31,934 --> 00:08:32,000 with a present from the Fuherer. 137 00:08:34,400 --> 00:08:37,433 [narrator] The Eichhorns received a photograph 138 00:08:37,433 --> 00:08:40,400 in a silver frame with a personal message. 139 00:08:41,800 --> 00:08:45,867 "Mr. and Mrs. Eichhorn, to my comrades in battle 140 00:08:45,867 --> 00:08:48,000 during difficult times, 141 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:51,467 for your silver anniversary, warm wishes, 142 00:08:52,600 --> 00:08:53,767 Adolf Hitler." 143 00:08:55,333 --> 00:08:57,367 For them to receive this gift, 144 00:08:57,367 --> 00:08:59,734 it's going to mean a great deal to them, 145 00:08:59,734 --> 00:09:01,547 and it's going to elevate them politically 146 00:09:01,547 --> 00:09:02,000 and it's going to elevate them politically 147 00:09:03,400 --> 00:09:07,900 that Adolf Hitler is going to think so highly of them to send such a personal gift. 148 00:09:09,667 --> 00:09:11,634 [narrator] During the Second World War, 149 00:09:11,634 --> 00:09:15,333 the Eichhorns boasted of their close friendship with Hitler, 150 00:09:15,333 --> 00:09:17,900 though their pride might have been misplaced. 151 00:09:19,467 --> 00:09:21,133 [Nusbacher] What really happens is this. 152 00:09:21,133 --> 00:09:24,667 No doubt somebody from the German foreign office 153 00:09:24,667 --> 00:09:27,166 goes over to Hitler's office and says, 154 00:09:27,166 --> 00:09:30,333 "Can we have another one of those autographed pictures?" 155 00:09:30,333 --> 00:09:31,547 And Hitler's secretary gets the Fuherer to write a little handwritten note, 156 00:09:31,547 --> 00:09:32,000 And Hitler's secretary gets the Fuherer to write a little handwritten note, 157 00:09:34,700 --> 00:09:38,567 they stick it onto one of a million Hitler pictures, 158 00:09:38,567 --> 00:09:43,166 and they send it in the diplomatic pouch out to Argentina. 159 00:09:43,166 --> 00:09:45,900 That day, that 25th anniversary day 160 00:09:45,900 --> 00:09:48,600 in Argentina was so special 161 00:09:48,600 --> 00:09:51,100 'cause Hitler himself had noticed them. 162 00:09:52,567 --> 00:09:54,533 Great. 163 00:09:54,533 --> 00:09:56,634 [narrator] But their beloved Hitler 164 00:09:56,634 --> 00:10:01,133 didn't deliver the Nazi utopia he promised. 165 00:10:01,133 --> 00:10:01,547 [Wawro] Well, Argentina was always heavily German-influenced. 166 00:10:01,547 --> 00:10:02,000 [Wawro] Well, Argentina was always heavily German-influenced. 167 00:10:04,433 --> 00:10:07,900 They were a natural ally for the Germans in World War II, 168 00:10:07,900 --> 00:10:12,133 so of course, they do not join the Allies when the war breaks out. 169 00:10:12,133 --> 00:10:14,700 So, they grudgingly declare war on Germany 170 00:10:14,700 --> 00:10:18,734 only in 1945 and very half-heartedly. 171 00:10:18,734 --> 00:10:23,600 [narrator] Overnight, the Hotel Eden became an enemy of the state. 172 00:10:23,600 --> 00:10:27,567 The Argentine government seized it as a Nazi stronghold. 173 00:10:27,567 --> 00:10:31,547 The luxury apartments were used as prisons for Japanese diplomats. 174 00:10:31,547 --> 00:10:32,000 The luxury apartments were used as prisons for Japanese diplomats. 175 00:10:32,734 --> 00:10:35,333 Then, after the war, they give it back to the Eichhorns, 176 00:10:35,333 --> 00:10:38,700 but, you know, all the life has kind of gone out of the Eichhorns. 177 00:10:38,700 --> 00:10:41,500 They were big Nazis, big Nazi sympathizers. 178 00:10:41,500 --> 00:10:44,433 Their dream has gone away, they've gotten old, 179 00:10:44,433 --> 00:10:47,367 they don't want to put any more energy into it. 180 00:10:47,367 --> 00:10:51,533 [narrator] The Eichhorns retired and faded from public life, 181 00:10:51,533 --> 00:10:54,800 but Argentina remained a safe haven for Nazis. 182 00:10:55,934 --> 00:10:59,300 In those post-war years, the Argentinian president 183 00:10:59,300 --> 00:11:01,547 was very sympathetic to the cause of these former German Nazis. 184 00:11:01,547 --> 00:11:02,000 was very sympathetic to the cause of these former German Nazis. 185 00:11:05,133 --> 00:11:08,667 And so, you end up having thousands of these former Nazis 186 00:11:08,667 --> 00:11:12,867 being smuggled out of Germany, coming to Argentina, 187 00:11:12,867 --> 00:11:15,333 often bringing their wealth with them. 188 00:11:15,333 --> 00:11:19,934 And living in Argentina for, absolutely, decades. 189 00:11:26,266 --> 00:11:31,433 [narrator] Today, the story of the Hotel Eden still invites speculation. 190 00:11:31,433 --> 00:11:31,547 [Nusbacher] Because this place used to be owned by Germans, 191 00:11:31,547 --> 00:11:32,000 [Nusbacher] Because this place used to be owned by Germans, 192 00:11:34,467 --> 00:11:37,767 and because they were kind of Nazi, 193 00:11:37,767 --> 00:11:42,200 people say that Hitler snuck out of Germany 194 00:11:42,200 --> 00:11:44,467 and came and stayed in this hotel. 195 00:11:45,400 --> 00:11:48,533 This is nonsense. 196 00:11:48,533 --> 00:11:54,133 Hitler died in his bunker by his own hand, 197 00:11:54,133 --> 00:11:58,300 and he did not end up in Argentina. 198 00:11:59,066 --> 00:12:00,166 The end. 199 00:12:08,033 --> 00:12:10,333 [narrator] On the western shores of Mexico, 200 00:12:10,333 --> 00:12:12,100 in Guerrero state, 201 00:12:12,100 --> 00:12:14,066 a traditional coastal town 202 00:12:14,066 --> 00:12:16,367 is home to an architectural relic. 203 00:12:22,433 --> 00:12:26,200 [Auerbach] This is a place where you have hotels and residences 204 00:12:26,200 --> 00:12:28,600 with a beautiful sea view. 205 00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:31,547 The bay curls round forming this kind of sheltered utopia. 206 00:12:31,547 --> 00:12:32,000 The bay curls round forming this kind of sheltered utopia. 207 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:36,333 [narrator] Above the sands of Zihuatanejo 208 00:12:36,333 --> 00:12:41,000 sits an abandoned complex that echoes ancient Greece. 209 00:12:41,000 --> 00:12:43,900 [Bell] Beyond the gates, there's this unkempt path 210 00:12:43,900 --> 00:12:49,066 with eerie headless statues and fallen columns around it, 211 00:12:49,066 --> 00:12:51,033 and you get the sense that there's something 212 00:12:51,033 --> 00:12:53,734 very sinister in the air here. 213 00:12:53,734 --> 00:12:59,367 The basement is dank and very frightening. 214 00:12:59,367 --> 00:13:01,547 There also appears to be the beginnings of a tunnel. 215 00:13:01,547 --> 00:13:02,000 There also appears to be the beginnings of a tunnel. 216 00:13:03,233 --> 00:13:06,900 What possible need would you have for a tunnel down here? 217 00:13:06,900 --> 00:13:09,300 And where does it lead? 218 00:13:09,300 --> 00:13:14,033 [narrator] But above the dilapidated basement is a home of wonders. 219 00:13:14,033 --> 00:13:16,500 [Wawro] You've got 42 Doric columns 220 00:13:16,500 --> 00:13:19,567 in this Parthenon-shaped structure, 221 00:13:19,567 --> 00:13:24,033 but the place hasn't been wrecked and vandalized. It's still pretty intact. 222 00:13:24,033 --> 00:13:26,200 There's sort of a nimbus of power 223 00:13:26,200 --> 00:13:27,900 that still surrounds the place. 224 00:13:28,900 --> 00:13:30,867 [Auerbach] To the side of the entrance, 225 00:13:30,867 --> 00:13:31,547 these snake-like vines creep through these colossal cages. 226 00:13:31,547 --> 00:13:32,000 these snake-like vines creep through these colossal cages. 227 00:13:36,700 --> 00:13:39,166 What could they possibly have been used for? 228 00:13:45,934 --> 00:13:49,100 [narrator] Rodrigo Campos first visited this complex 229 00:13:49,100 --> 00:13:51,467 back in the 1980s, 230 00:13:51,467 --> 00:13:53,467 when he worked for the local government. 231 00:13:54,133 --> 00:13:57,400 [speaking Spanish] 232 00:13:57,400 --> 00:14:00,333 [translator speaking] I'm taking you to a place that was built 40 years ago 233 00:14:00,333 --> 00:14:01,547 here, in Zihuatanejo. 234 00:14:01,547 --> 00:14:01,934 here, in Zihuatanejo. 235 00:14:04,333 --> 00:14:06,800 A place nobody would expect to find here. 236 00:14:08,066 --> 00:14:09,567 So big and splendid back then, 237 00:14:10,967 --> 00:14:12,934 and this is now completely abandoned. 238 00:14:16,800 --> 00:14:18,367 [narrator] Few people have been allowed 239 00:14:18,367 --> 00:14:21,433 to enter the site since it closed. 240 00:14:21,433 --> 00:14:24,800 [Campos speaking Spanish] 241 00:14:24,800 --> 00:14:27,567 [translator speaking] The construction caught our attention at the very first 242 00:14:27,567 --> 00:14:30,000 because it was also wrapped in a veil of mystery. 243 00:14:31,934 --> 00:14:32,000 No one could enter, for a start. 244 00:14:35,033 --> 00:14:37,400 What are they hiding from? 245 00:14:37,400 --> 00:14:39,200 Why don't they let anybody in? 246 00:14:43,367 --> 00:14:47,734 [narrator] This is the holiday home of Arturo Durazo Moreno, 247 00:14:47,734 --> 00:14:51,400 a Mexican police chief with expensive taste. 248 00:14:52,100 --> 00:14:54,300 [Campos speaking Spanish] 249 00:14:54,300 --> 00:14:56,967 [translator speaking] When this building was finished, it was splendorous. 250 00:15:00,500 --> 00:15:01,547 It had significant high ceilings, 251 00:15:01,547 --> 00:15:02,000 It had significant high ceilings, 252 00:15:03,500 --> 00:15:04,900 massive columns. 253 00:15:06,367 --> 00:15:09,634 There were luxury beds, bathrooms, 254 00:15:09,634 --> 00:15:13,667 toilets, high-quality furniture. 255 00:15:15,166 --> 00:15:20,433 This became a real go-to spot for the high-flying, 256 00:15:20,433 --> 00:15:22,266 decadent set of Mexico, 257 00:15:22,266 --> 00:15:26,100 that could afford to fly in on their helicopters, 258 00:15:26,100 --> 00:15:29,867 or dock their private yachts in the bay below. 259 00:15:29,867 --> 00:15:31,547 He would throw these robe parties, 260 00:15:31,547 --> 00:15:32,000 He would throw these robe parties, 261 00:15:32,700 --> 00:15:37,767 in which famous actors, and even the President's own mistress, 262 00:15:37,767 --> 00:15:41,100 would come to the party wearing just their robes. 263 00:15:42,634 --> 00:15:46,000 [narrator] But Durazo's eccentricities didn't end there. 264 00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:49,667 This was his far-flung shrine to the human form. 265 00:15:50,266 --> 00:15:52,000 [Campos speaking Spanish] 266 00:15:52,000 --> 00:15:54,033 [translator speaking] The frescos show Greek motifs. 267 00:15:57,867 --> 00:16:00,200 Everything was dedicated to naked men and women. 268 00:16:02,467 --> 00:16:03,867 It was erotic. 269 00:16:07,800 --> 00:16:11,934 The upstairs bedrooms were the venue for numerous orgies. 270 00:16:11,934 --> 00:16:14,100 With their mirrored ceilings, 271 00:16:14,100 --> 00:16:17,233 I'll leave it to you to imagine the indulgences 272 00:16:17,233 --> 00:16:19,834 that the guests enjoyed in these rooms. 273 00:16:19,834 --> 00:16:21,400 It gets darker than that. 274 00:16:21,400 --> 00:16:24,600 If you look closer, you see satanic images, 275 00:16:24,600 --> 00:16:25,834 images of violence, 276 00:16:25,834 --> 00:16:28,867 and they kind of radiate a sinister feel. 277 00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:31,547 [narrator] The graphic imagery depicts fictional violence, 278 00:16:31,547 --> 00:16:32,000 [narrator] The graphic imagery depicts fictional violence, 279 00:16:34,834 --> 00:16:39,900 but this building began in the aftermath of a real war. 280 00:16:39,900 --> 00:16:43,500 In 1968, a conflict between the government 281 00:16:43,500 --> 00:16:46,967 and guerrilla groups reached a violent peak 282 00:16:46,967 --> 00:16:50,800 when state-funded forces launched a massacre. 283 00:16:50,800 --> 00:16:54,233 This paramilitary force opened fire on a large group 284 00:16:54,233 --> 00:16:56,700 of peaceful student protesters in Mexico City, 285 00:16:56,700 --> 00:17:01,333 killing hundreds and forcing thousands to flee in terror for their lives. 286 00:17:01,333 --> 00:17:01,547 During this period, people on the state payroll 287 00:17:01,547 --> 00:17:02,000 During this period, people on the state payroll 288 00:17:04,700 --> 00:17:09,033 practiced disappearances, kidnappings, torture, 289 00:17:09,033 --> 00:17:13,300 illegal imprisonment, and even extrajudicial execution. 290 00:17:14,300 --> 00:17:16,333 [narrator] One of the architects of this war 291 00:17:16,333 --> 00:17:19,467 lived on top of the hill in his Greek palace. 292 00:17:20,667 --> 00:17:23,767 [Bell] This is the Parthenon of the Mexican thug 293 00:17:23,767 --> 00:17:28,800 and infamous chief of police, Arturo Durazo Moreno, 294 00:17:28,800 --> 00:17:31,547 otherwise known as "El Negro," or "The Black." 295 00:17:31,547 --> 00:17:32,000 otherwise known as "El Negro," or "The Black." 296 00:17:33,300 --> 00:17:35,567 [Wawro] El Negro was the childhood friend 297 00:17:35,567 --> 00:17:39,934 of Lopez Portillo, the long-serving president of Mexico. 298 00:17:39,934 --> 00:17:42,266 When he was a kid, he got bullied in school, 299 00:17:42,266 --> 00:17:44,834 and El Negro was his protector. 300 00:17:44,834 --> 00:17:48,166 So, of course, when Lopez Portillo becomes President of Mexico, 301 00:17:48,166 --> 00:17:51,066 he makes El Negro the Chief of the Mexico City police. 302 00:17:55,233 --> 00:17:57,967 [narrator] El Negro could capitalize on the chaos 303 00:17:57,967 --> 00:18:01,200 and exploit the perks of his new job. 304 00:18:01,200 --> 00:18:01,547 The Parthenon became his lair. 305 00:18:01,547 --> 00:18:02,000 The Parthenon became his lair. 306 00:18:16,500 --> 00:18:19,967 [narrator] In the 1970s, a crime kingpin 307 00:18:19,967 --> 00:18:22,266 held high office in the Mexican government. 308 00:18:23,533 --> 00:18:26,834 His seat of power was his $15-million home, 309 00:18:27,367 --> 00:18:28,467 the Parthenon. 310 00:18:28,467 --> 00:18:31,133 This guy was earning $1,000 a month 311 00:18:31,133 --> 00:18:32,900 as Chief of the Mexico City police. 312 00:18:33,400 --> 00:18:34,967 You do the math. 313 00:18:34,967 --> 00:18:37,152 [Auerbach] So, where did the money come from? 314 00:18:37,152 --> 00:18:37,767 [Auerbach] So, where did the money come from? 315 00:18:37,767 --> 00:18:38,000 Extortion, corruption, intimidation, embezzlement. 316 00:18:41,567 --> 00:18:43,100 That's where. 317 00:18:43,100 --> 00:18:47,567 [narrator] Durazo turned the Mexico City police force into a mafia. 318 00:18:47,567 --> 00:18:49,266 And his coastal retreat 319 00:18:49,266 --> 00:18:51,934 became a hive for his criminal activity. 320 00:18:54,533 --> 00:18:58,066 [Bell] Cocaine was the glamour drug of the 1970s, 321 00:18:58,066 --> 00:18:59,634 and El Negro stepped in 322 00:18:59,634 --> 00:19:03,200 to supply this sought-after powder. 323 00:19:03,200 --> 00:19:06,734 And it made him very rich, very quickly. 324 00:19:06,734 --> 00:19:07,152 [Wawro] When you look around this place, 325 00:19:07,152 --> 00:19:08,000 [Wawro] When you look around this place, 326 00:19:08,767 --> 00:19:11,500 you start to see evidence that this guy really was, 327 00:19:11,500 --> 00:19:13,433 you know, a big narco in Mexico. 328 00:19:13,433 --> 00:19:16,000 There's this little compartment under the pool 329 00:19:16,000 --> 00:19:18,567 that can be explained as being for pool maintenance, 330 00:19:18,567 --> 00:19:20,900 but it's obviously a place where he could hide out. 331 00:19:20,900 --> 00:19:24,867 There's a tunnel that leads under the palace and out to the sea. 332 00:19:24,867 --> 00:19:27,033 This was for trafficking cocaine onto boats. 333 00:19:27,033 --> 00:19:30,333 [narrator] El Negro's syndicate suppressed criminal competitors. 334 00:19:31,367 --> 00:19:34,967 He claimed his methods produced results. 335 00:19:34,967 --> 00:19:37,152 [Auerbach] During his time as the head honcho of the police in Mexico, 336 00:19:37,152 --> 00:19:38,000 [Auerbach] During his time as the head honcho of the police in Mexico, 337 00:19:39,433 --> 00:19:41,800 the crime rate dropped substantially. 338 00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:43,500 [narrator] But criminals under his watch 339 00:19:43,500 --> 00:19:46,300 had a serious incentive not to cross the line. 340 00:19:47,233 --> 00:19:49,934 [Campos speaking Spanish] 341 00:19:49,934 --> 00:19:52,133 [translator speaking] I'm going to show you something that will surprise you 342 00:19:52,133 --> 00:19:53,967 when you see what it really was. 343 00:19:59,567 --> 00:20:01,934 This place looks like a house for a small family. 344 00:20:03,133 --> 00:20:04,867 What do you think it is protecting? 345 00:20:08,934 --> 00:20:10,834 Some lions. 346 00:20:10,834 --> 00:20:13,233 Some lions who had a quite comfortable stay. 347 00:20:18,567 --> 00:20:19,767 People said that, in this cage, 348 00:20:19,767 --> 00:20:21,934 people were threatened they would be put in there. 349 00:20:23,000 --> 00:20:24,800 "They're going to send you to the lions," 350 00:20:24,800 --> 00:20:26,433 they used to say as a sick joke. 351 00:20:32,867 --> 00:20:37,152 In January of 1982, several tortured bodies of Colombian bank robbers 352 00:20:37,152 --> 00:20:38,000 In January of 1982, several tortured bodies of Colombian bank robbers 353 00:20:38,834 --> 00:20:41,200 turned up on the banks of the Tula River, 354 00:20:41,200 --> 00:20:44,467 and it became painfully obvious 355 00:20:44,467 --> 00:20:48,667 that it was really torture and intimidation and violence 356 00:20:48,667 --> 00:20:51,367 that was keeping the criminal element in check. 357 00:20:51,367 --> 00:20:55,634 People began to ask more serious questions about Durazo and his methods. 358 00:20:57,166 --> 00:21:01,467 [narrator] Later that year, El Negro's friend, President Portillo, 359 00:21:01,467 --> 00:21:04,033 was succeeded by Miguel de la Madrid. 360 00:21:05,233 --> 00:21:07,152 The new president began what he called 361 00:21:07,152 --> 00:21:07,700 The new president began what he called 362 00:21:07,700 --> 00:21:08,000 "moral renovation" and a war on corruption. 363 00:21:11,200 --> 00:21:14,066 For El Negro, the game was up. 364 00:21:14,066 --> 00:21:17,333 [narrator] To avoid arrest, Durazo fled the country. 365 00:21:17,333 --> 00:21:19,700 [Wawro] He just abandoned his places like the Parthenon, 366 00:21:19,700 --> 00:21:22,867 leaves, like, dozens of expensive automobiles. 367 00:21:22,867 --> 00:21:25,533 And he goes off to the United States hoping that, 368 00:21:25,533 --> 00:21:27,567 you know, he won't be charged there. 369 00:21:27,567 --> 00:21:29,800 [narrator] After two years on the run, 370 00:21:29,800 --> 00:21:32,367 El Negro was finally arrested 371 00:21:32,367 --> 00:21:35,367 and sentenced to 25 years in a Mexican prison. 372 00:21:36,133 --> 00:21:37,152 The Parthenon was abandoned. 373 00:21:37,152 --> 00:21:38,000 The Parthenon was abandoned. 374 00:21:39,133 --> 00:21:42,200 [speaking Spanish] 375 00:21:42,200 --> 00:21:43,400 [translator speaking] "What's happened?" 376 00:21:43,400 --> 00:21:45,967 I asked myself. "Was there a storm?" 377 00:21:45,967 --> 00:21:49,834 Almost all the sculptures were broken on the ground, headless. 378 00:21:51,333 --> 00:21:52,967 There was no grass in the garden. 379 00:21:54,300 --> 00:21:55,734 The pool was a dunghill. 380 00:21:56,834 --> 00:21:58,400 There was no maintenance at all. 381 00:21:59,700 --> 00:22:02,400 People looted everything. 382 00:22:02,400 --> 00:22:06,400 [narrator] El Negro would serve only eight years in prison before his release. 383 00:22:07,967 --> 00:22:08,000 He died in 2000, 384 00:22:10,033 --> 00:22:12,567 but his reputation and brutality 385 00:22:12,567 --> 00:22:15,433 remain vivid in the minds of many Mexicans. 386 00:22:24,100 --> 00:22:28,767 Today, El Negro's Parthenon is a towering memorial 387 00:22:28,767 --> 00:22:31,900 to a time of dirty war and corruption. 388 00:22:31,900 --> 00:22:35,667 Its walls of power may be proof of an illicit past, 389 00:22:35,667 --> 00:22:37,152 but the local government hopes it will be repurposed 390 00:22:37,152 --> 00:22:38,000 but the local government hopes it will be repurposed 391 00:22:39,533 --> 00:22:43,000 to serve the local community it once excluded. 392 00:22:48,233 --> 00:22:50,000 [narrator] In the French countryside, 393 00:22:50,000 --> 00:22:53,033 a concrete structure erupts from the ground. 394 00:22:59,066 --> 00:23:02,600 [Mitchell] The landscape is broken by this strange, five-sided shape. 395 00:23:02,600 --> 00:23:06,800 There are these bizarre metal protuberances coming up, 396 00:23:06,800 --> 00:23:07,152 some of them look like helmets. 397 00:23:07,152 --> 00:23:08,000 some of them look like helmets. 398 00:23:08,767 --> 00:23:12,100 [Nusbacher] As you come close to this construction, 399 00:23:12,100 --> 00:23:18,033 you can see massive poured-concrete fortifications. 400 00:23:18,033 --> 00:23:20,000 You can't build this in the Middle Ages. 401 00:23:20,000 --> 00:23:22,433 You can't build this in the Renaissance. 402 00:23:22,433 --> 00:23:25,233 This building, this construction 403 00:23:25,233 --> 00:23:29,600 is all an artifact of the Industrial Revolution 404 00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:31,567 and of the 19th and 20th centuries. 405 00:23:33,133 --> 00:23:37,152 [narrator] The walls hold the clues to this structure's past. 406 00:23:37,152 --> 00:23:37,900 [narrator] The walls hold the clues to this structure's past. 407 00:23:37,900 --> 00:23:38,000 [Selwood] You can see the remains of battle all around. 408 00:23:40,567 --> 00:23:43,367 Clearly, a huge fight took place here, 409 00:23:43,367 --> 00:23:45,433 but the question is, who won? 410 00:23:47,834 --> 00:23:50,967 [narrator] This place sits 20 miles from the border 411 00:23:50,967 --> 00:23:53,066 of another European superpower. 412 00:23:54,767 --> 00:24:00,734 This spot is clearly going to be key terrain 413 00:24:00,734 --> 00:24:04,400 in any conflict between Germany and France. 414 00:24:09,233 --> 00:24:11,133 [narrator] This structure was once called 415 00:24:11,133 --> 00:24:14,033 the most powerful fortress in the world, 416 00:24:14,033 --> 00:24:17,467 but it was captured by a commando team like no other. 417 00:24:31,367 --> 00:24:35,900 [narrator] February 1916, the Battle of Verdun. 418 00:24:40,066 --> 00:24:42,300 [Nusbacher] The fighting around Verdun 419 00:24:42,300 --> 00:24:45,634 was one of the most drawn-out episodes 420 00:24:45,634 --> 00:24:48,166 of the First World War. 421 00:24:48,166 --> 00:24:51,359 And between February and December, over 11 months of 1916, 422 00:24:51,359 --> 00:24:52,000 And between February and December, over 11 months of 1916, 423 00:24:54,333 --> 00:24:58,033 700,000 people are killed 424 00:24:58,033 --> 00:25:00,467 in and around the city of Verdun. 425 00:25:02,033 --> 00:25:04,834 [narrator] German strategy was to force France 426 00:25:04,834 --> 00:25:08,233 to pour its resources into historic Verdun. 427 00:25:08,233 --> 00:25:12,100 The most important fortification was Fort Douaumont. 428 00:25:13,900 --> 00:25:16,400 [Selwood] As strong and as impregnable. 429 00:25:16,400 --> 00:25:18,533 And Fort Douaumont was impregnable. 430 00:25:18,533 --> 00:25:21,133 It could house over 1,000 soldiers, 431 00:25:21,133 --> 00:25:21,359 and its walls were eight feet thick 432 00:25:21,359 --> 00:25:22,000 and its walls were eight feet thick 433 00:25:23,634 --> 00:25:26,300 and made of steel-reinforced concrete. 434 00:25:26,300 --> 00:25:27,734 [narrator] Douaumont was considered 435 00:25:27,734 --> 00:25:31,166 the strongest military defense in the world, 436 00:25:31,166 --> 00:25:34,700 but on February 25th, the fort was lost. 437 00:25:36,166 --> 00:25:39,867 Patricia Piatek has come to the place where the takeover began. 438 00:25:41,767 --> 00:25:43,000 [Piatek speaking French] 439 00:25:43,033 --> 00:25:44,834 [translator speaking] The fort was surrounded by a ditch 440 00:25:44,834 --> 00:25:47,700 eight meters deep and ten meters wide. 441 00:25:47,700 --> 00:25:51,100 This artillery allowed the fort to be defended 442 00:25:51,100 --> 00:25:51,359 if attackers passed over the grasses. 443 00:25:51,359 --> 00:25:52,000 if attackers passed over the grasses. 444 00:25:54,800 --> 00:25:56,467 [Selwood] A French soldier was manning his post, 445 00:25:56,467 --> 00:25:59,600 and he saw Germans come rushing across no-man's-land. 446 00:25:59,600 --> 00:26:02,767 [narrator] The French soldier fired, but he missed. 447 00:26:02,767 --> 00:26:04,600 The Germans made it to the wall. 448 00:26:05,667 --> 00:26:10,033 Ten minutes later, Fort Douaumont was captured. 449 00:26:10,033 --> 00:26:13,233 A fortification this massive, this impressive, 450 00:26:13,233 --> 00:26:16,400 you would think that this would be a long-involved campaign, 451 00:26:16,400 --> 00:26:18,200 all sorts of bloodshed. 452 00:26:18,200 --> 00:26:20,033 And so, the story that somebody 453 00:26:20,033 --> 00:26:21,359 could take it so easily, it's almost unbelievable. 454 00:26:21,359 --> 00:26:22,000 could take it so easily, it's almost unbelievable. 455 00:26:30,600 --> 00:26:35,533 If you ask a staff college audience the question, 456 00:26:35,533 --> 00:26:38,767 "What do you need in order to attack 457 00:26:38,767 --> 00:26:41,734 a well-entrenched enemy, like a fortress?" 458 00:26:41,734 --> 00:26:45,800 The textbook answer is you need six-to-one. 459 00:26:47,433 --> 00:26:49,867 [narrator] But Fort Douaumont was captured 460 00:26:49,867 --> 00:26:51,359 by a single German soldier. 461 00:26:51,359 --> 00:26:52,000 by a single German soldier. 462 00:26:52,100 --> 00:26:54,900 The soldier had not only dodged a sniper's bullet, 463 00:26:54,900 --> 00:26:58,266 he'd also singlehandedly overrun a machine gun nest 464 00:26:58,266 --> 00:27:01,667 and locked its entire crew in a classroom. 465 00:27:01,667 --> 00:27:03,767 This inevitably poses the question, 466 00:27:03,767 --> 00:27:06,367 how on Earth did one person do this? 467 00:27:06,367 --> 00:27:08,667 Well, there are several versions of the story. 468 00:27:09,867 --> 00:27:12,433 [Piatek speaking French] 469 00:27:12,433 --> 00:27:15,166 [translator speaking] Let's say the enemy is facing us. 470 00:27:15,166 --> 00:27:17,333 The captain of the lookouts would then alert 471 00:27:17,333 --> 00:27:20,000 the machine gun turret soldier, 472 00:27:20,000 --> 00:27:21,359 who would then fire on the enemy. 473 00:27:21,359 --> 00:27:21,867 who would then fire on the enemy. 474 00:27:24,800 --> 00:27:27,033 [narrator] But when Germans approach the fort, 475 00:27:27,033 --> 00:27:29,300 the lookout made a mistake. 476 00:27:29,300 --> 00:27:33,867 A French infantryman thought he saw something, 477 00:27:33,867 --> 00:27:35,467 shot at it... 478 00:27:36,700 --> 00:27:41,233 Realized that he didn't want to shoot other Frenchmen, 479 00:27:41,233 --> 00:27:43,734 and put his rifle down. 480 00:27:43,734 --> 00:27:48,100 [narrator] It gave the Germans the opportunity they needed to get inside. 481 00:27:48,934 --> 00:27:50,300 [speaking French] 482 00:27:50,300 --> 00:27:51,359 [translator speaking] We are now right here, 483 00:27:51,359 --> 00:27:51,767 [translator speaking] We are now right here, 484 00:27:51,767 --> 00:27:52,000 in front of the northeast casemate. 485 00:27:54,100 --> 00:27:56,934 This is where the German army entered the fort. 486 00:27:59,233 --> 00:28:02,734 [narrator] Three soldiers searched the fort for French infantry. 487 00:28:02,734 --> 00:28:06,533 One was a Sergeant Felix Kunze. 488 00:28:06,533 --> 00:28:08,934 He made a discovery inside a briefing room. 489 00:28:09,734 --> 00:28:11,200 [Piatek speaking French] 490 00:28:11,233 --> 00:28:13,300 [translator speaking] When the German soldier arrived in this room, 491 00:28:13,300 --> 00:28:15,734 he discovered many French soldiers. 492 00:28:15,734 --> 00:28:17,934 He pointed at them with his firearm 493 00:28:17,934 --> 00:28:21,359 when a shell fell on this casemate. 494 00:28:21,359 --> 00:28:21,634 when a shell fell on this casemate. 495 00:28:21,634 --> 00:28:22,000 [narrator] The explosion sent a shockwave that took out all the lights. 496 00:28:25,967 --> 00:28:29,300 So, as soon as the lights go out, he dives out of the room, 497 00:28:30,200 --> 00:28:33,634 slams the door, bolts the door, 498 00:28:33,634 --> 00:28:38,700 and the Frenchmen are all locked in when the lights come on. 499 00:28:38,700 --> 00:28:42,433 [narrator] With a large part of the French garrison locked in the classroom, 500 00:28:42,433 --> 00:28:45,567 the Germans claimed Fort Douaumont for themselves. 501 00:28:46,533 --> 00:28:48,333 It really does seem like an extraordinary 502 00:28:48,333 --> 00:28:50,967 military achievement, taking this vast fort 503 00:28:50,967 --> 00:28:51,359 without a single shot being fired. 504 00:28:51,359 --> 00:28:52,000 without a single shot being fired. 505 00:28:52,800 --> 00:28:54,700 But, in fact, there's a wider context. 506 00:28:56,500 --> 00:28:59,567 [narrator] The previous year, France reassigned 507 00:28:59,567 --> 00:29:02,266 most of its forces out of its forts. 508 00:29:03,367 --> 00:29:06,533 Fort Douaumont was an acceptable loss. 509 00:29:08,266 --> 00:29:10,934 [Nusbacher] When the Germans win Fort Douaumont, 510 00:29:10,934 --> 00:29:14,433 it is not a great German victory. 511 00:29:14,433 --> 00:29:18,767 It is simply a repositioning of forces, 512 00:29:18,767 --> 00:29:21,359 which the Germans mistake for success. 513 00:29:21,359 --> 00:29:22,000 which the Germans mistake for success. 514 00:29:26,066 --> 00:29:28,634 [narrator] Sergeant Kunze and his small squad 515 00:29:28,634 --> 00:29:31,467 capture the most powerful fortress in the world, 516 00:29:32,367 --> 00:29:34,867 but Kunze had a secret. 517 00:29:44,900 --> 00:29:48,400 [narrator] In 1916, France's Fort Douaumont 518 00:29:48,400 --> 00:29:51,667 was captured in an audacious raid. 519 00:29:51,667 --> 00:29:54,734 The German high command held a victory parade. 520 00:29:56,500 --> 00:29:59,000 [Nusbacher] The achievement of the German army 521 00:29:59,000 --> 00:30:01,066 in winning this fortress 522 00:30:01,834 --> 00:30:04,266 is something that the Germans 523 00:30:04,266 --> 00:30:07,133 really want to use in propaganda 524 00:30:07,133 --> 00:30:08,009 to energize the rest of the German army to beat the French. 525 00:30:08,009 --> 00:30:09,000 to energize the rest of the German army to beat the French. 526 00:30:12,800 --> 00:30:16,367 [narrator] But they gave the medal to the wrong man 527 00:30:16,367 --> 00:30:19,767 because Sergeant Kunze left something out of his report. 528 00:30:20,967 --> 00:30:22,066 [Piatek speaking French] 529 00:30:22,066 --> 00:30:23,767 [translator speaking] It was here, in this room, 530 00:30:23,767 --> 00:30:25,600 where the German soldier discovered 531 00:30:25,600 --> 00:30:27,667 the French army's eating quarters. 532 00:30:29,767 --> 00:30:32,467 [Mitchell] Once the French soldiers were locked into that classroom, 533 00:30:32,467 --> 00:30:36,066 Kunze then came upon the kitchen or mess hall, 534 00:30:36,066 --> 00:30:38,009 and he was famished, he was absolutely famished. 535 00:30:38,009 --> 00:30:38,867 and he was famished, he was absolutely famished. 536 00:30:38,867 --> 00:30:39,000 And so, when he came upon this food, 537 00:30:41,100 --> 00:30:43,467 he takes this moment to eat it. 538 00:30:43,467 --> 00:30:46,967 [Nusbacher] And Kunze is really worried 539 00:30:46,967 --> 00:30:50,934 that he is going to get in trouble 540 00:30:50,934 --> 00:30:57,433 for having paused to eat all the good French food down in the French canteen. 541 00:30:58,467 --> 00:31:02,300 So, for years after the First World War, 542 00:31:02,300 --> 00:31:06,300 Sergeant Kunze doesn't tell anybody 543 00:31:06,300 --> 00:31:08,009 that he was the guy who got into the fortress first. 544 00:31:08,009 --> 00:31:09,000 that he was the guy who got into the fortress first. 545 00:31:11,467 --> 00:31:16,133 [narrator] Germany held onto Fort Douaumont for another eight months. 546 00:31:16,133 --> 00:31:18,900 It's one reason that Verdun became 547 00:31:18,900 --> 00:31:20,900 the longest land battle in history. 548 00:31:27,800 --> 00:31:31,033 Three hundred thousand soldiers were killed at Verdun, 549 00:31:32,166 --> 00:31:34,634 the result of a German strategy 550 00:31:34,634 --> 00:31:36,600 that ultimately cost them the war. 551 00:31:37,867 --> 00:31:38,009 The Germans were there to make the French fight and die. 552 00:31:38,009 --> 00:31:39,000 The Germans were there to make the French fight and die. 553 00:31:43,300 --> 00:31:46,800 The Germans don't need to take Verdun, 554 00:31:46,800 --> 00:31:49,533 they just have to fight Verdun. 555 00:31:51,033 --> 00:31:53,500 But they lose the plot, 556 00:31:53,500 --> 00:31:57,200 they try to win the battle at Verdun. 557 00:31:59,100 --> 00:32:01,367 And it's one of the reasons they lost the war. 558 00:32:09,600 --> 00:32:12,867 [narrator] On the east coast of Hawaii's oldest island, 559 00:32:12,867 --> 00:32:14,100 Kauai, 560 00:32:14,100 --> 00:32:17,266 an abandoned structure has been reclaimed by nature. 561 00:32:22,600 --> 00:32:24,667 [Landdeck] This is a gorgeous place. 562 00:32:24,667 --> 00:32:27,533 There's trees, there's lagoons, 563 00:32:27,533 --> 00:32:30,800 but then there's all these buildings that are abandoned, 564 00:32:30,800 --> 00:32:32,567 they're falling into disrepair. 565 00:32:32,567 --> 00:32:35,233 And the question is, what is this place? 566 00:32:36,800 --> 00:32:38,009 Lush palm trees have taken over this site, 567 00:32:38,009 --> 00:32:39,000 Lush palm trees have taken over this site, 568 00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:42,533 making it a green oasis. 569 00:32:43,433 --> 00:32:45,500 Tucked away amongst the greenery 570 00:32:45,500 --> 00:32:47,734 are what look to be bungalows. 571 00:32:48,767 --> 00:32:50,533 [Wise] As you enter the structure, 572 00:32:50,533 --> 00:32:53,500 one of the first things you notice is the murals. 573 00:32:53,500 --> 00:32:55,767 They're very colorful, lining all the walls. 574 00:32:57,033 --> 00:33:02,233 The elaborate architecture of this complex makes you feel 575 00:33:02,233 --> 00:33:05,867 that, at its height, this was probably a beautiful place. 576 00:33:05,867 --> 00:33:08,009 But now, all that remains is eerie silence. 577 00:33:08,009 --> 00:33:09,000 But now, all that remains is eerie silence. 578 00:33:10,033 --> 00:33:14,600 Fans of the big screen may feel like they know this place from somewhere. 579 00:33:14,600 --> 00:33:17,400 [Jasper] All of Hollywood would stay here, you know? 580 00:33:17,400 --> 00:33:20,634 Sinatra, John Wayne, Elvis. 581 00:33:20,634 --> 00:33:25,233 As you walk around, you can see that it was once quite lavish, 582 00:33:25,233 --> 00:33:28,700 even though today it is in great disrepair. 583 00:33:28,700 --> 00:33:31,567 [narrator] But to this day, the rundown site attracts 584 00:33:31,567 --> 00:33:34,467 rock-and-roll aficionados from around the globe, 585 00:33:34,467 --> 00:33:36,834 following in the footsteps of their king. 586 00:33:38,000 --> 00:33:38,009 And all his fans, and there are a zillion of them, 587 00:33:38,009 --> 00:33:39,000 And all his fans, and there are a zillion of them, 588 00:33:42,500 --> 00:33:44,300 they all come here. 589 00:33:44,300 --> 00:33:48,133 [narrator] This site has become a mecca for Elvis fans, 590 00:33:48,133 --> 00:33:50,533 but something happened to turn it to ruin. 591 00:33:58,233 --> 00:34:01,767 [narrator] The buildings here stand inches above the waterline, 592 00:34:03,400 --> 00:34:06,734 but this swamp is holy land. 593 00:34:06,734 --> 00:34:08,009 [Gutierrez-Romine] This area lies at the mouth of the Wailua River, 594 00:34:08,009 --> 00:34:09,000 [Gutierrez-Romine] This area lies at the mouth of the Wailua River, 595 00:34:10,400 --> 00:34:13,600 and this river holds a special significance 596 00:34:13,600 --> 00:34:15,600 to the people of Kauai. 597 00:34:16,567 --> 00:34:19,100 To this day, the native people of Kauai 598 00:34:19,100 --> 00:34:21,834 believe that this spot is sacred. 599 00:34:23,333 --> 00:34:27,400 [narrator] This land was once part of the Hawaiian Kingdom, 600 00:34:27,400 --> 00:34:31,400 but in 1890, it was bought by a private investor. 601 00:34:34,500 --> 00:34:37,300 I've been coming here every day for almost 30 years now. 602 00:34:38,600 --> 00:34:39,000 [narrator] In the 1990s, Bob Jasper 603 00:34:41,266 --> 00:34:43,233 visited these buildings frequently. 604 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:48,233 [Jasper] We are at the most famous abandoned building 605 00:34:49,300 --> 00:34:51,166 in the whole South Pacific. 606 00:34:52,333 --> 00:34:54,300 Welcome to the Coco Palms Resort. 607 00:34:58,934 --> 00:35:01,433 [narrator] The Coco Palms was a hotel, 608 00:35:01,433 --> 00:35:06,734 the dream of a businessman called Lyle Lowell Guslander. 609 00:35:06,734 --> 00:35:08,009 Guslander, or Gus, as he was known around the times, 610 00:35:08,009 --> 00:35:09,000 Guslander, or Gus, as he was known around the times, 611 00:35:10,066 --> 00:35:13,133 was very smart, very active. 612 00:35:13,133 --> 00:35:15,967 He was known as a little rough around the edges, 613 00:35:15,967 --> 00:35:20,600 maybe a little bit of a tough guy, but he was very ambitious. 614 00:35:20,600 --> 00:35:22,834 [narrator] But despite Gus' ambition, 615 00:35:22,834 --> 00:35:25,500 he couldn't run the hotel on his own. 616 00:35:25,500 --> 00:35:31,100 It had 24 rooms, it had five employees and two guests. 617 00:35:31,100 --> 00:35:37,000 So, it was a far cry from this luxury resort that Gus had envisioned. 618 00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:38,009 [narrator] If the Coco Palms was going to be a success, 619 00:35:38,009 --> 00:35:39,000 [narrator] If the Coco Palms was going to be a success, 620 00:35:40,533 --> 00:35:42,934 Gus needed help. 621 00:35:42,934 --> 00:35:46,767 [Jasper] He knew a very intelligent woman named Grace Buscher. 622 00:35:46,767 --> 00:35:52,200 He asked Grace if she would come and operate his hotel. 623 00:35:52,200 --> 00:35:55,700 [Gutierrez-Romine] Together, the pair set about to transform 624 00:35:55,700 --> 00:35:59,667 this little lodge into what they expected 625 00:35:59,667 --> 00:36:02,433 guests' Hawaiian fantasies to look like. 626 00:36:04,467 --> 00:36:07,266 [narrator] Gus and Grace embarked on a mission 627 00:36:07,266 --> 00:36:08,009 to make the Coco Palms into the hotel of dreams. 628 00:36:08,009 --> 00:36:09,000 to make the Coco Palms into the hotel of dreams. 629 00:36:11,200 --> 00:36:14,433 But today, that dream lies in ruins. 630 00:36:25,467 --> 00:36:29,100 [narrator] In 1953, Grace Buscher was appointed 631 00:36:29,100 --> 00:36:33,166 to transform the fortunes of the Coco Palms Resort. 632 00:36:33,166 --> 00:36:35,133 [Wise] At the time, Grace was 43, 633 00:36:35,133 --> 00:36:37,367 had no prior hotel-running experience. 634 00:36:37,367 --> 00:36:40,533 She was a non-Hawaiian, originally from Pennsylvania, 635 00:36:40,533 --> 00:36:42,467 with no background in Hawaiian culture. 636 00:36:42,467 --> 00:36:44,867 [narrator] What Grace lacked in experience, 637 00:36:44,867 --> 00:36:47,233 she made up for in guile. 638 00:36:47,233 --> 00:36:48,242 She moved into the cheapest room at the Coco Palms, 639 00:36:48,242 --> 00:36:49,000 She moved into the cheapest room at the Coco Palms, 640 00:36:50,967 --> 00:36:54,433 but her first challenge was against a powerful foe. 641 00:36:56,166 --> 00:36:59,000 [Jasper] All along the front of the hotel here, 642 00:36:59,000 --> 00:37:01,400 right out here where you see this big ditch, 643 00:37:01,967 --> 00:37:03,734 were the tracks, 644 00:37:03,734 --> 00:37:05,734 and the train would go by here 645 00:37:05,734 --> 00:37:08,233 who knows how many times a day. 646 00:37:08,233 --> 00:37:11,800 [imitates honking] Blowing its horn. 647 00:37:11,800 --> 00:37:16,266 [narrator] Customers complained and Grace was losing money. 648 00:37:16,266 --> 00:37:18,242 But the train was carrying sugarcane, part of a billion-dollar industry. 649 00:37:18,242 --> 00:37:19,000 But the train was carrying sugarcane, part of a billion-dollar industry. 650 00:37:23,433 --> 00:37:26,667 [Jasper] Well, this is just irritating Grace to death, 651 00:37:26,667 --> 00:37:29,500 so one day, at 3:00 in the morning, 652 00:37:29,500 --> 00:37:32,700 Grace took a chair out, set it on the tracks, 653 00:37:32,700 --> 00:37:36,200 sat down in the chair, and said, "That's it. 654 00:37:36,200 --> 00:37:39,667 Until your boss tells me you're not going to blow 655 00:37:39,667 --> 00:37:42,900 the horn anymore at 3:00 in the morning, I ain't moving!" 656 00:37:44,066 --> 00:37:46,100 And that was Grace, and she got her way. 657 00:37:47,266 --> 00:37:48,242 [narrator] Grace fought the sugar company and won. 658 00:37:48,242 --> 00:37:49,000 [narrator] Grace fought the sugar company and won. 659 00:37:51,200 --> 00:37:53,800 It was the first in a line of victories. 660 00:37:54,767 --> 00:37:57,066 When rooms were infested with frogs, 661 00:37:57,066 --> 00:38:00,467 she rebranded them "the frog rooms." 662 00:38:00,467 --> 00:38:04,333 Grace even devised the famous tiki torch ceremony, 663 00:38:04,333 --> 00:38:07,834 which has become a staple of the Hawaiian vacation. 664 00:38:07,834 --> 00:38:10,133 But soon, the hotel was besieged 665 00:38:10,133 --> 00:38:13,033 by another billion-dollar industry, 666 00:38:13,033 --> 00:38:15,634 one which left its mark. 667 00:38:15,634 --> 00:38:18,242 [Jasper] This-- This is a very special place. 668 00:38:18,242 --> 00:38:18,900 [Jasper] This-- This is a very special place. 669 00:38:20,033 --> 00:38:22,433 [narrator] Written in cement are the words 670 00:38:22,433 --> 00:38:26,133 "Pagan Love Song, filmed at the Coco Palms." 671 00:38:28,066 --> 00:38:33,066 That starred Esther Williams, Howard Keel, Rita Moreno. 672 00:38:33,066 --> 00:38:37,000 And as far as Hawaii and the traditions, 673 00:38:37,000 --> 00:38:40,567 that did a pretty good job of showing it, 674 00:38:40,567 --> 00:38:43,400 and they left something behind for us, 675 00:38:43,400 --> 00:38:46,133 which we found etched in the cement. 676 00:38:48,400 --> 00:38:49,000 [narrator] Pagan Love Song was the start 677 00:38:50,567 --> 00:38:54,133 of a long relationship between Coco Palms and Hollywood. 678 00:38:55,700 --> 00:38:59,533 Elvis shot one movie here, and that was Blue Hawaii. 679 00:38:59,533 --> 00:39:03,900 But that was his most successful movie, it was huge. 680 00:39:03,900 --> 00:39:06,867 It not only helped put Coco Palms on the map, 681 00:39:06,867 --> 00:39:09,100 it helped put Hawaii on the map. 682 00:39:09,100 --> 00:39:10,834 It was a huge deal for the hotel. 683 00:39:12,667 --> 00:39:17,433 We're going into bungalow 56. 684 00:39:17,433 --> 00:39:18,242 Every time Elvis was here, this is the bungalow he stayed in. 685 00:39:18,242 --> 00:39:19,000 Every time Elvis was here, this is the bungalow he stayed in. 686 00:39:21,734 --> 00:39:24,000 Well, he was a creature of habit, 687 00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:28,266 and whenever he came back, he wanted bungalow 56. 688 00:39:28,266 --> 00:39:30,800 And what Elvis wanted, Elvis got. 689 00:39:31,300 --> 00:39:32,867 That was Grace. 690 00:39:32,900 --> 00:39:37,667 She took care of Hollywood, Hollywood came here and took care of her. 691 00:39:37,667 --> 00:39:39,667 [narrator] By the time Grace retired, 692 00:39:39,667 --> 00:39:42,834 nine movies had been shot at the resort. 693 00:39:42,834 --> 00:39:46,533 Guests included Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, 694 00:39:47,767 --> 00:39:48,242 and the Von Trapp Family Singers. 695 00:39:48,242 --> 00:39:49,000 and the Von Trapp Family Singers. 696 00:39:50,934 --> 00:39:54,634 But in 1992, the Coco Palms suffered 697 00:39:54,634 --> 00:39:58,033 a disaster that even Grace couldn't fix. 698 00:40:02,000 --> 00:40:04,834 [Jasper] You know, Hurricane Iniki was out there, 699 00:40:04,834 --> 00:40:09,700 but it was 400 miles south of Hawaii and it was headed west. 700 00:40:09,700 --> 00:40:13,834 Nobody's paying any attention to it, right? 701 00:40:13,834 --> 00:40:18,242 That thing just took a 90-degree turn and here she comes. 702 00:40:18,242 --> 00:40:18,967 That thing just took a 90-degree turn and here she comes. 703 00:40:18,967 --> 00:40:19,000 It just-- It's as if God took this perfect 400-mile-across storm, 704 00:40:26,800 --> 00:40:29,734 "Let me see, where's the center of Kauai? 705 00:40:29,734 --> 00:40:31,533 It's right there!" 706 00:40:33,567 --> 00:40:35,300 He then slammed it right on us, 707 00:40:35,300 --> 00:40:38,300 and this thing was unbelievable. 708 00:40:38,300 --> 00:40:43,266 [narrator] 160-mile-per-hour winds swept through the island. 709 00:40:43,266 --> 00:40:47,333 Steven Spielberg filmed footage for his movie, Jurassic Park, 710 00:40:47,333 --> 00:40:48,242 but the Coco Palms was destroyed. 711 00:40:48,242 --> 00:40:49,000 but the Coco Palms was destroyed. 712 00:40:51,600 --> 00:40:54,233 [Jasper] This place sat here empty for 13 years. 713 00:40:55,767 --> 00:41:03,767 So, sadly, Iniki had a devastating impact on this hotel in the long run. 714 00:41:03,767 --> 00:41:06,967 We're the only island in Hawaii to ever be hit with a hurricane. 715 00:41:06,967 --> 00:41:08,667 We've been hit with three of them. 716 00:41:14,333 --> 00:41:17,467 [narrator] Today, the Coco Palms sits in limbo 717 00:41:17,467 --> 00:41:18,242 as Hawaiians debate its future. 718 00:41:18,242 --> 00:41:19,000 as Hawaiians debate its future. 719 00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:25,033 At the moment, there are plans again to develop and refurbish the site, 720 00:41:25,033 --> 00:41:29,333 but there are native Hawaiians who do claim the property as their own. 721 00:41:29,333 --> 00:41:31,500 [Gutierrez-Romine] Some might say that it's fitting 722 00:41:31,500 --> 00:41:35,066 that nature is reclaiming this spot 723 00:41:35,066 --> 00:41:38,367 where humans tried to build upon sacred lands, 724 00:41:38,367 --> 00:41:41,667 and that it should just be left alone. 725 00:41:41,667 --> 00:41:45,400 But only time will tell what's in store for this place. 726 00:41:45,400 --> 00:41:47,934 [Jasper] The current owners would still like to see it be a hotel. 727 00:41:47,934 --> 00:41:48,242 Other people have other things 728 00:41:48,242 --> 00:41:49,000 Other people have other things 729 00:41:50,900 --> 00:41:52,533 they'd like to see done with it, 730 00:41:52,533 --> 00:41:55,100 a park or a cultural center. 731 00:41:57,166 --> 00:41:58,266 Who knows? 69148

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