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On this special episode of America
Unearthed, we investigate a
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theory about the alleged murder of an
American icon.
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Some images may be disturbing.
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Viewer discretion is advised.
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The history that we were all taught
growing up is wrong.
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My name is Scott Wolter, and I'm a
forensic geologist.
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There's a hidden history in this country
that nobody knows about.
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There are pyramids here, chambers.
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Tombs, inscriptions, they're all over
this country.
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We're going to investigate these
artifacts and sites, and we're going to
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the truth.
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Sometimes history isn't what we've been
told.
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He's one of America's most legendary
explorers, Meriwether Lewis.
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Hand -picked by President Thomas
Jefferson in 1803 to team up with
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to map out the land acquired in the
Louisiana Purchase.
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The area was enormous, reaching from
Louisiana up to what is now Montana.
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Jefferson hoped they'd find a direct
water route to the Pacific, create a map
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the area, and catalog new species of
plants and animals in the region.
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But there has always been some who
believe there was more to their
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I got a call from a journalist friend
who said he had something interesting to
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show me.
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I've got something I want to show you
here.
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Take a look at this. And I borrowed
these books and I want to show them to
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What is this? What you're holding there
is the first edition of the Corps of
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Discovery by Lewis and Clark.
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Really? Yeah. Wow.
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This is amazing.
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Does this chronicle everything that they
saw? Well, see, that's the point. It
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may not chronicle everything.
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What do you mean by that? Well, it means
that there are missing pages in
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Meriwether Lewis's journals.
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Do we have any idea what is in those
missing pages? We don't have any idea
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what's in it, but he could have known
something. He could have found something
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that would be so frightening to that day
and age that somebody
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might want to kill him for it.
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Okay, I know that he died in 1809, and
this would have been about three years
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after they came back from the
expedition.
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I thought it was suicide. That's what
I've always heard. It's the prevailing
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theory. And that's where the evidence
seems to point.
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We do know that Thomas Jefferson tasked
the Corps of Discovery and Lewis and
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Clark with finding out about tribes and
the flora and the fauna in the West.
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But he also tasked them with something
very unusual.
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He said, I want you to look for any
possibility of Welsh settlement.
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In the West.
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Pre -Columbian Welsh?
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Pre -Columbian Welsh. Let's say they
found that.
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Well, if they had that information, if
Meriwether Lewis possessed that in his
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journals and it didn't appear it was
part of the missing, then we'd take the
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whole idea of American colonial history,
our very foundation, and toss it out
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the window.
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Wow. That kind of a discovery could have
gotten Lewis killed.
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You know what we call that?
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It's a shocking theory. Did Thomas
Jefferson send Lewis and Clark on a
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mission? Did the president want them to
find out whether the Welsh were here
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before the original colonists?
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And could whatever Lewis found have led
to his murder?
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Well, this is really fascinating stuff.
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But I'm a geologist.
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I was looking for a geologist because I
think one of the answers rests in a
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stone. And if it's authentic, may
suggest some evidence of pre
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-Columbian Welsh settlement in the
United States.
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It's called the Brandenburg Stone.
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And I'd like you to take a look at that.
Where is the stone?
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In Kentucky.
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After talking to Don, it seems like
there's a lot we actually don't know
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America's most well -known explorer.
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Like whether Meriwether Lewis ended his
own life, or whether someone ended it
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for him.
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If he found evidence the Welsh were in
America in pre -Columbian times, it
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mean they staked a prior claim to the
land.
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Land Jefferson just spent $15 million on
in a move that would double the size of
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the United States.
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The missing journal pages could be a
clue.
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And so could this Brandenburg stone.
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A stone inscribed with what could be a
land claim and possibly written in
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Jerry, what's been the reaction to the
stone? Some people believe the stone is
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ancient. Well, some people dismiss it. I
think it's entirely possible that it's
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an ancient inscription.
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This is an amazing stone, and this
inscription here especially is really
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amazing. You know, a couple things just
right off the bat. This is the first
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time I've ever looked at this stone.
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First of all, these are limestones,
probably oolitic limestones.
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And if you look very closely, you'll see
what looks like little sand grains.
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They're actually sand of limestone, and
they're called oolites. When I look down
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into the grooves, I can see some of
those ooids. So that's an indication of
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weathering. Based on everything I've
seen, we're not looking at a hoax here.
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Does anybody know what this inscription
says?
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It's been translated as a property
boundary, a land claim stone. And if
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the case, then certainly this would
indicate a possible ancient or prior
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If Lewis found something like this,
indicating that other people came to
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America prior to Columbus, prior to this
land acquisition, if they knew
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something about what was in Lewis's
diary, that could have gotten him
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Quite possibly.
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Where this whole thing started for me, a
good friend of mine suggested I come
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and look at this stone after we looked
at Meriwether Lewis's journal.
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Oh, yeah.
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Some of the pages in that journal have
gone missing. And maybe the reason is
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because during the expedition, he found
something that indicated pre -Columbian
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contact.
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This could actually call into question
the whole legitimacy of the United
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States.
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I'm investigating whether famed explorer
Meriwether Lewis was murdered.
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One theory is that his killing was
motivated by evidence he may have
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on his expedition.
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Evidence about voyages to America by the
ancient Welsh.
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It may seem far -fetched, but for
hundreds of years, there have been
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Welsh explorers coming to the New World
prior to Columbus, even intermingling
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with native tribes.
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Some say the Welsh left a land claim
behind in the form of an artifact called
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the Brandenburg Stone.
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I examined this clue and saw evidence of
weathering that takes a long time.
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But now I need to see where it came
from, a place called Paradise Bottom.
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Today, Paradise Bottom is a quarry. The
Brandenburg Stone is oolitic limestone.
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And that's what I'm looking for here.
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If the stone is really a Welsh land
claim, whoever carved it would have used
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local rock.
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I'm meeting with Lee Pennington, who
knows exactly where the Brandenburg
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was found.
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And maybe a little something about how
it figures into the mystery of
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Lewis's death.
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I understand you're an expert on the
Brandenburg Stone.
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Well, I've been researching it over the
past 20 years, so I do know a little bit
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about it. Okay.
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I'm also investigating it, and it's
possible tied to the death of Meriwether
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Lewis. Well, certainly could have a
connection.
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Okay. My understanding is that the
Brandenburg Stone was found somewhere
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here where this quarry is now.
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00:11:08,870 --> 00:11:12,870
The Brandenburg Stone evidently rolled
down from the top of this bluff to the
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edge of the road there. I want to see...
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If the stone that I've looked at matches
the rock that's here.
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Well, you know, Lee, I wanted to ask
you.
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what your thoughts were about pre
-Columbian Welsh that came to America.
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I think that's the very group that
carved the Vandenberg Stone.
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Information that I discovered in Wales
indicates that in the 6th century, the
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fleet of 700 ships came to this
continent.
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And I think that group of people
intermingled with the Mandans.
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The Mandan were a Native American tribe
who lived along the Missouri River and
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eventually settled in the Dakotas.
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For hundreds of years, some people have
remarked that they have European
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features and that they spoke Welsh.
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What about some hard, physical, tangible
evidence? Well, we got one thing in
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particular with the Mandans, where those
boats that they had, the bull boats,
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are identical with the coracles in
Wales. Both were made with animal hides
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stretched over wooden frames.
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Well, that's interesting, Leah.
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Maybe all of that stuff proves that
there was an early Welsh visit that came
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North America hundreds of years before
Columbus. Well, certainly one piece of
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the puzzle.
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This is what we're looking for. It's a
very specific, unique kind of limestone.
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It's an oolitic limestone, and when you
look closely on a broken surface, you
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will see a little rounded grain.
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All right, Lee, let's find a match.
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I think we got it. I can say with
reasonable certainty that whoever carved
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Brandenburg Stone found a rock in this
vicinity and carved it. But I tell you
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what now has suddenly become very
important is we really need to
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that inscription says.
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If everything that we've talked about,
the rock is here, the Brandenburg Stone,
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the Welsh, if that's all connecting
here, it's possible that Meriwether
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found some of that evidence.
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And if he did...
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Could that be a reason why some people,
perhaps factions within our government,
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would want him murdered?
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Well, I certainly think it was murder.
The circumstances surrounding his death
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is just the farthest thing from suicide
from my perspective.
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He was shot twice. It's difficult for a
person committing suicide to shoot
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himself once and then turn around and
shoot himself again, with his old guns
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especially. And there's this business of
the missing pages.
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of the diary if there was something
there that he found on on that
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perhaps evidence of the wells wouldn't
be a shock to me at all that there were
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people at the highest levels of our
government that could have been behind
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murder of one of america's greatest and
most beloved heroes
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Hey, Don.
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Hey, Scott. I just wanted to know how
things are going down in Kentucky for
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Well, I tell you what, everything's
going great here. I had a chance to look
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the Brandenburg Stone, and it's very
interesting.
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It does show some evidence of
weathering.
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That's exciting.
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Hey, is there anything I can do to help?
Well, I tell you what there is.
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I'm wondering if you can help me figure
out what the inscription says.
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I did take some photos, and I will send
them to you, and if you can help me out,
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that'd be great. I will.
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If there's any connection between
Meriwether Lewis's death and possible
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-Columbian wells coming here, I'm going
to get to the bottom of it.
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I'm investigating the death of famous
explorer Meriwether Lewis.
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I've learned that Thomas Jefferson asked
Lewis to look for evidence the Welsh
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made it to America before Columbus.
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I think there's reason to believe Lewis
might have found that evidence and wrote
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about it in his journal, pages of which
mysteriously disappeared.
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If Lewis did find evidence the Welsh
were here, It might be motive for his
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murder because it would call into
question the ownership of the early
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colonies and the land Jefferson bought
in the Louisiana Purchase.
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Land that Lewis set out to explore right
from this very spot.
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I'm looking into the death of Meriwether
Lewis.
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And some people believe that he was
murdered. Others think that he took his
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life. Well, you've certainly come to the
right place because it was here at the
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Falls of the Ohio in October of 1803
that Lewis and Clark met to form one of
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most famous partnerships in American
history.
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Why don't we go on down towards the
falls? Sounds good.
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00:16:55,870 --> 00:16:58,210
They set off down the Ohio and up the
Mississippi.
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00:16:58,550 --> 00:17:02,630
Eventually, in 1804, they went up the
Missouri River. They wintered with the
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Mandan Indian.
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And then the next year, 1805, they go
all the way to the Pacific Ocean.
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Can you imagine back then what was going
through the minds of these guys before
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they took off? I mean, for all they
knew, there was a good chance they were
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never coming back.
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Well, they didn't know that. They may
never come back. They were going into
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unknown, the wilderness. They didn't
know what would be around the next bend
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the river, over the next mountain. And
to think that they did come back, all
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except one man. And he died of natural
causes.
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00:17:29,480 --> 00:17:32,560
Yeah. It's incredible how successful it
really was. Yeah.
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What were some of the motivations in
Thomas Jefferson's mind behind the Lewis
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00:17:39,300 --> 00:17:40,300
and Clark expedition?
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Well, he very quietly had $2 ,500
appropriated for the expedition. And
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00:17:47,140 --> 00:17:50,760
actually before the Louisiana Purchase
was made.
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00:17:51,160 --> 00:17:55,440
Ever since Jefferson was a young man, he
wanted to know what was out west.
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00:17:56,010 --> 00:17:59,790
What was to that unknown beyond the
Mississippi River? What were the native
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00:17:59,790 --> 00:18:03,930
peoples like? Did the native peoples
have agriculture, better plants that
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00:18:03,930 --> 00:18:05,630
actually help the American farmers?
219
00:18:05,970 --> 00:18:11,970
The geography, the geology, even
thoughts of mastodons. You know, were
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00:18:11,970 --> 00:18:14,990
extinct? And then it actually became
national security.
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00:18:15,410 --> 00:18:19,330
And Jefferson had a fear of the British
and coming out of Canada. And what they
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might want to do, would they hem in?
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this young American republic, and keep
them from growing and going all the way
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to the Pacific Ocean.
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00:18:30,020 --> 00:18:35,160
So, Jim, another thing. Many people
believe that Jefferson told Lewis and
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to go looking for evidence of Welsh
contact amongst the natives.
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Did they ever find anything?
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00:18:41,140 --> 00:18:44,440
Well, the legend of the Welsh Indians,
the Mandan Indians.
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And Lewis and Clark never specifically
said that they did find that. Now, when
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they got further west in the Rocky
Mountains among the Flathead Indians,
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the men commented that their dialect
sounded a lot like the Welsh.
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If Lewis and Clark had found evidence of
pre -Columbian Welsh contact and were
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on the way to bringing that back,
couldn't that have strengthened the
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00:19:06,680 --> 00:19:08,260
claim to the western territories?
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00:19:08,540 --> 00:19:12,100
And could that also have made Lewis
possibly a target?
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00:19:12,600 --> 00:19:16,080
Because he had this information in his
journal. Maybe there were people within
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00:19:16,080 --> 00:19:20,120
the U .S. government that wouldn't want
that to come out. What do you think of
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00:19:20,120 --> 00:19:21,120
that? It's a conspiracy.
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00:19:21,800 --> 00:19:23,160
Maybe. And that's a theory.
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00:19:23,460 --> 00:19:28,240
And it could or should be investigated.
I think perhaps there are.
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00:19:28,830 --> 00:19:32,430
missing parts of his journal. Some
things that we know he should have been
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00:19:32,430 --> 00:19:33,850
writing about aren't there.
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00:19:34,050 --> 00:19:37,350
There's some gaps that just don't seem
to hang together.
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00:19:37,570 --> 00:19:41,490
That brings another question. When I
think about his death, you know, was it
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murder? Was it suicide?
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00:19:42,970 --> 00:19:46,690
And could what was in those papers have
led to his death?
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00:19:47,810 --> 00:19:53,730
My own personal opinion is that he had a
breakdown and decided to end his own
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00:19:53,730 --> 00:19:54,730
life.
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00:19:55,340 --> 00:19:59,300
When he comes back from the expedition,
things just don't seem to connect for
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00:19:59,300 --> 00:20:03,820
him. He has just kind of a whole
cascading number of problems.
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00:20:04,280 --> 00:20:08,900
He was drinking too much. He was self
-medicating with the opiates.
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00:20:10,200 --> 00:20:16,140
At Grinders Stand along the Natchez
Trace in Tennessee, about 70 miles
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00:20:16,140 --> 00:20:19,780
of Nashville, he has his final
breakdown.
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00:20:32,750 --> 00:20:37,690
Lewis was shot twice, once in the head
and once in the body. And I've read
255
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part of his skull actually was blown
off. And if he was shot first in the
256
00:20:42,650 --> 00:20:46,210
I have an awful hard time believing
somebody's going to keep going and shoot
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00:20:46,210 --> 00:20:48,330
themselves in the body if their brain's
exposed.
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00:20:48,790 --> 00:20:51,230
But there are people out there who
believe he was murdered.
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00:20:51,590 --> 00:20:52,590
Who is that?
260
00:20:52,910 --> 00:20:53,910
The Lewis family.
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00:21:12,750 --> 00:21:16,410
Was Meriwether Lewis murdered at an inn
on the Natchez Trace?
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00:21:17,150 --> 00:21:22,090
He died in the fall of 1809, just three
years after returning from his
263
00:21:22,090 --> 00:21:23,330
exploration of the West.
264
00:21:23,790 --> 00:21:28,330
If he was killed, could the motive have
been something controversial he found
265
00:21:28,330 --> 00:21:29,330
during his expedition?
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00:21:30,690 --> 00:21:35,090
I've met people who believe that Lewis
did find evidence of pre -Columbian
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00:21:35,090 --> 00:21:40,430
in America, and that he wrote about it
in his journal, pages of which are now
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00:21:40,430 --> 00:21:41,430
missing.
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00:21:41,680 --> 00:21:46,040
If he did find evidence like the
Brandenburg Stone, which some believe is
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00:21:46,040 --> 00:21:49,900
Welsh land claim, it would call into
question the ownership of the land the
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00:21:49,900 --> 00:21:54,620
United States was founded on and could
provide a motive for murder.
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00:21:55,440 --> 00:22:00,100
I've heard that Lewis's own family
members insist their famous relative
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00:22:00,100 --> 00:22:03,380
commit suicide, but was shot dead by
someone else.
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00:22:03,840 --> 00:22:06,460
Can you tell me how you related to
Meriwether Lewis?
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00:22:07,020 --> 00:22:12,880
Well, his sister, Jane Lewis, was my
great -great -great -grandmother. So he
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00:22:12,880 --> 00:22:14,960
my great -great -great -great -uncle.
277
00:22:15,240 --> 00:22:18,600
Okay. Hard to keep up with the great
sometimes. I think I got that, though.
278
00:22:19,340 --> 00:22:21,620
What does the family think about his
death?
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00:22:22,120 --> 00:22:25,260
Pretty much the family thinks that he
would have been murdered.
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00:22:25,620 --> 00:22:27,900
You don't think he committed suicide?
No, we don't.
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00:22:33,740 --> 00:22:36,940
What do you know about some of the
circumstances that led up to his death?
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00:22:37,280 --> 00:22:43,580
Well, after he came back from the
expedition in 1806, he did get started
283
00:22:43,580 --> 00:22:49,240
trying to publish the journals into a
book. But he really didn't get that far
284
00:22:49,240 --> 00:22:55,100
along with it. Sure. He was carrying his
journals and going to Washington, which
285
00:22:55,100 --> 00:22:56,660
put him on the natural trace.
286
00:22:56,880 --> 00:23:02,900
He stopped at a place called the
Grinders Stand, which was run by the
287
00:23:03,390 --> 00:23:06,670
Mrs. Grinder gave him a place to stay
for the night.
288
00:23:08,890 --> 00:23:15,790
In the middle of the night, the
innkeeper heard several shots and found
289
00:23:15,790 --> 00:23:16,970
next morning dead.
290
00:23:21,330 --> 00:23:25,210
There were no first -hand witnesses that
actually saw the...
291
00:23:25,680 --> 00:23:32,540
His death or the shots ring out? No, she
heard the shots, but she did not see
292
00:23:32,540 --> 00:23:34,240
them actually occur.
293
00:23:34,520 --> 00:23:38,780
And so she did not know who actually
pulled the trigger.
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00:23:39,540 --> 00:23:43,660
So what are the things make you think it
wasn't a suicide?
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00:23:44,100 --> 00:23:47,660
Well, one thing, there were two shots or
maybe three.
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00:23:49,000 --> 00:23:54,960
One was to the head, which by some
accounts partially took his brain out,
297
00:23:54,960 --> 00:23:59,420
abdomen wound, which is kind of strange
for someone committing suicide.
298
00:24:01,140 --> 00:24:03,540
He was overheard talking.
299
00:24:03,800 --> 00:24:08,780
He may have been talking to someone
else, or maybe he was just practicing
300
00:24:08,780 --> 00:24:13,760
he was going to say when he got to
Washington, or, you know, we really
301
00:24:13,760 --> 00:24:15,800
know exactly what he was saying.
302
00:24:18,650 --> 00:24:22,350
Elements at high levels in our
government, possibly even as high as
303
00:24:22,350 --> 00:24:25,690
Jefferson, may have been involved in the
conspiracy to kill Lewis.
304
00:24:25,910 --> 00:24:30,890
Well, it's possible there was political
intrigue. Some people suggest that he
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00:24:30,890 --> 00:24:35,170
found evidence that the Welsh came to
America prior to Columbus and placed a
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00:24:35,170 --> 00:24:35,929
land claim.
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00:24:35,930 --> 00:24:40,490
That might have been a reason for people
to want to silence him. If that were
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00:24:40,490 --> 00:24:45,250
the case, I could see where that would
be a problem for some people. A possible
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00:24:45,250 --> 00:24:49,160
motive. Has your family done anything to
try to get to the bottom of this, maybe
310
00:24:49,160 --> 00:24:51,920
an autopsy or exhuming his body?
311
00:24:52,500 --> 00:24:56,680
The family has tried to have the body
exhumed.
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00:24:57,020 --> 00:25:03,800
The National Park Service is in charge
of the land here, but to this point they
313
00:25:03,800 --> 00:25:06,380
have refused to allow us to exhume the
body.
314
00:25:07,600 --> 00:25:09,340
I look at this, I see that pillar.
315
00:25:09,700 --> 00:25:12,420
It's a broken pillar, and I'm sure that
means something to you.
316
00:25:12,660 --> 00:25:18,360
Well, the broken pillar is to represent
the life cut short, because Lewis's life
317
00:25:18,360 --> 00:25:20,000
was definitely cut short.
318
00:25:20,460 --> 00:25:26,260
Was he not also a Freemason? Yes, he
was. He had joined, I think, 1796.
319
00:25:26,660 --> 00:25:33,180
In fact, when he went to St. Louis, he
founded a Mason's Lodge in St. Louis.
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00:25:33,180 --> 00:25:34,820
first lodge in St. Louis. Yes.
321
00:25:35,660 --> 00:25:39,880
I don't really know that much about the
Masonic practices, but I understand that
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00:25:39,880 --> 00:25:43,680
his apron is in Helena, Montana, at the
lodge there.
323
00:25:43,920 --> 00:25:49,600
It's reported that he had it with him at
the time of his death, and there appear
324
00:25:49,600 --> 00:25:51,060
to be bloodstains on it.
325
00:25:51,260 --> 00:25:56,600
That's really important, because maybe
if this thing was tested, we might be
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00:25:56,600 --> 00:25:59,780
able to find something out, for example,
if there was a struggle. If we could
327
00:25:59,780 --> 00:26:03,140
get access to it and test it, we could
do DNA on it.
328
00:26:05,260 --> 00:26:08,800
another person other than his blood, we
might be able to get to the bottom of
329
00:26:08,800 --> 00:26:10,260
this mystery once and for all.
330
00:26:51,600 --> 00:26:52,600
Oh, hey, guys.
331
00:26:52,820 --> 00:26:56,260
Reid Gardner. Hi, Reid. The Grand
Secretary and the Curator of the Museum.
332
00:26:56,480 --> 00:26:57,480
Nice to meet you.
333
00:26:57,520 --> 00:26:59,940
I'm Scott Tom Chisholm, Grand Master of
Masons in Montana.
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00:27:00,700 --> 00:27:04,940
So my understanding is Meriwether Lewis
was a Mason at the time of the
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00:27:04,940 --> 00:27:09,820
expedition. So would that make him the
first Freemason into what is now
336
00:27:10,180 --> 00:27:15,680
Yes, I think that's true. It's been
recorded that he was initiated in 1796
337
00:27:15,680 --> 00:27:16,679
his first degree.
338
00:27:16,680 --> 00:27:17,700
What is the mission?
339
00:27:18,360 --> 00:27:22,920
of Freemasons. In the general sense,
it's a fraternal organization that first
340
00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:29,260
organized. modern versions of
Freemasonry developed in the late 1700s
341
00:27:29,260 --> 00:27:31,220
that traveled with the colonial concept.
342
00:27:31,460 --> 00:27:35,620
And it really took off in the Americas
because it fit the designs of the early
343
00:27:35,620 --> 00:27:37,860
nation and even the colonies at that
time.
344
00:27:38,100 --> 00:27:42,520
I'm here investigating the death of
Meriwether Lewis, and I see the painting
345
00:27:42,520 --> 00:27:47,180
the wall there. And I understand that
his Masonic apron is here. Yes, that's
346
00:27:47,180 --> 00:27:49,740
correct. Why is that significant to a
Freemason?
347
00:27:50,220 --> 00:27:55,280
Well, the apron is the badge of a
Freemason. Every Mason, once he becomes
348
00:27:55,280 --> 00:27:58,780
master Mason, receives an apron. And
much later, they may acquire, through
349
00:27:58,780 --> 00:28:02,640
means, a more decorative apron. The one
that you're implying about, the long
350
00:28:02,640 --> 00:28:08,480
Meriwether Lewis, was reportedly folded
in a pocket of Meriwether Lewis when he
351
00:28:08,480 --> 00:28:09,299
met his demise.
352
00:28:09,300 --> 00:28:11,880
And is it true that there's bloodstains
on it? There are.
353
00:28:15,200 --> 00:28:18,360
Wow. Pretty amazing, isn't it? Yeah, I
mean, it...
354
00:28:18,590 --> 00:28:21,650
It's really something. I've heard so
much about it. To see it for the first
355
00:28:21,650 --> 00:28:23,050
time, it's really amazing.
356
00:28:23,630 --> 00:28:26,050
Back in the 70s, we did have it tested.
357
00:28:26,650 --> 00:28:31,450
And at that time, they were only able to
determine there was human blood and
358
00:28:31,450 --> 00:28:32,450
deer blood on it.
359
00:28:32,570 --> 00:28:37,740
Wow. This apron represents one of
America's greatest murder mysteries.
360
00:28:38,020 --> 00:28:43,880
And what I would really like to be able
to do, with your permission, is to take
361
00:28:43,880 --> 00:28:48,840
a sample of this blood. I think we can
answer this question about how did this
362
00:28:48,840 --> 00:28:49,840
man die.
363
00:28:50,980 --> 00:28:53,340
I'm not certain that that's a good idea.
364
00:28:54,910 --> 00:28:59,170
I'm comfortable with that. You know, you
can see on the left side there, when
365
00:28:59,170 --> 00:29:03,310
they did the testing in the 70s, they
literally picked up the apron, held it
366
00:29:03,310 --> 00:29:08,190
over a beaker, and poured water through
the blood to collect the sample. You can
367
00:29:08,190 --> 00:29:10,590
see that there's the stain on the side.
368
00:29:10,810 --> 00:29:15,710
Well, that was back in the 70s. All we
need to do is take a very fine swab and
369
00:29:15,710 --> 00:29:19,790
barely touch the surface and collect
some of the blood. Yeah, but as Grand
370
00:29:19,790 --> 00:29:23,730
Master of Masons in Montana, I'm
responsible for all of these artifacts
371
00:29:23,730 --> 00:29:24,730
museum.
372
00:29:26,350 --> 00:29:30,630
This is quite an undertaking you're
asking of us here. We certainly wouldn't
373
00:29:30,630 --> 00:29:34,590
want to send it out either because, I
mean, this is over 200 years ago. It is
374
00:29:34,590 --> 00:29:36,650
extremely fragile and delicate.
375
00:29:36,970 --> 00:29:41,450
Oh, I can appreciate that. And believe
me, I understand and I respect your
376
00:29:41,450 --> 00:29:44,870
concerns. This is a critical piece of
American history right here.
377
00:29:45,130 --> 00:29:50,490
If you're willing to grant me permission
to test the blood on this apron, we
378
00:29:50,490 --> 00:29:54,170
finally have a chance to get the history
straight about whether or not.
379
00:29:54,430 --> 00:29:55,830
Meriwether Lewis was murdered.
380
00:30:30,380 --> 00:30:33,700
Well, as you guys know, there are many
people that believe that Meriwether
381
00:30:33,700 --> 00:30:34,700
took his own life.
382
00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:39,580
But there's a lot of evidence that I've
seen and people that believe that he may
383
00:30:39,580 --> 00:30:40,319
have been murdered.
384
00:30:40,320 --> 00:30:42,440
And that's the question we're trying to
answer here.
385
00:30:42,720 --> 00:30:47,880
And really, the key, I think, is in the
blood. This testing I'm talking about is
386
00:30:47,880 --> 00:30:53,080
not invasive. All we would do is take a
swab and just get a small sample.
387
00:30:54,100 --> 00:30:56,380
It could get us the answer that we're
looking for.
388
00:30:56,920 --> 00:31:02,460
We're referring to an artifact that is
not only family heritage, a Montana
389
00:31:02,460 --> 00:31:06,460
artifact. This is something that belongs
to the nation. This is a national
390
00:31:06,460 --> 00:31:10,800
artifact that you're talking about. And
I appreciate your point that this is an
391
00:31:10,800 --> 00:31:11,800
American treasure.
392
00:31:11,840 --> 00:31:16,480
But I also think it's important for
Americans and the world to know what
393
00:31:16,480 --> 00:31:21,460
happened to this man. And if it was
murder, why was he murdered? And this is
394
00:31:21,460 --> 00:31:25,540
critical test that we can perform that
might be able to help us answer this
395
00:31:25,540 --> 00:31:26,540
question.
396
00:31:27,169 --> 00:31:29,790
Testing can be done on site. We can do
it right here, yeah.
397
00:31:32,190 --> 00:31:37,350
Well, I think as Grand Master, in
speaking for everybody in Montana
398
00:31:37,350 --> 00:31:41,130
of the respect that's due to the history
of the artifact, and more importantly,
399
00:31:41,310 --> 00:31:45,410
the honor that's due to Meriwether Lewis
as a Freemason, I'll grant you
400
00:31:45,410 --> 00:31:46,590
permission to take your samples.
401
00:31:47,070 --> 00:31:49,890
Thank you. Thank you so much. This is
great.
402
00:32:12,140 --> 00:32:16,420
With the blood sample from the apron
sent off to the lab, we finally have a
403
00:32:16,420 --> 00:32:18,620
chance to shed more light on Lewis's
death.
404
00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:25,000
If he shot himself, it stands to reason
only his blood would be on the apron.
405
00:32:25,360 --> 00:32:29,880
But if he was shot during a struggle,
someone else's blood might be on there
406
00:32:29,880 --> 00:32:34,000
too. Either way, it's a clue to the
mystery surrounding his death.
407
00:32:35,600 --> 00:32:38,240
Another clue may be the Brandenburg
Stone.
408
00:32:38,650 --> 00:32:42,990
an artifact thought to prove that the
ancient Welsh claimed the New World long
409
00:32:42,990 --> 00:32:43,990
before Columbus.
410
00:32:44,970 --> 00:32:49,550
My analysis of the stone's weathering
suggests it could have been carved
411
00:32:49,550 --> 00:32:54,770
1492, but there's no way to get a more
precise date because it was taken out of
412
00:32:54,770 --> 00:32:57,710
its original environment and its
provenance isn't clear.
413
00:32:58,150 --> 00:33:02,450
But understanding what the stone says
and the language it was written in could
414
00:33:02,450 --> 00:33:06,870
help me prove whether this was the kind
of evidence Jefferson asked Lewis to
415
00:33:06,870 --> 00:33:07,870
discover.
416
00:33:11,530 --> 00:33:15,330
I've got a lot to tell you. I've got a
lot to tell you, but I want you to go
417
00:33:15,330 --> 00:33:16,470
first. Okay.
418
00:33:16,730 --> 00:33:23,250
I just got back from Montana, where I
was able to obtain a sample of blood
419
00:33:23,250 --> 00:33:25,490
Meriwether Lewis' Masonic apron.
420
00:33:25,770 --> 00:33:31,640
Wow. We sent that sample of blood off to
the Lakehead Paleo DNA lab in Thunder
421
00:33:31,640 --> 00:33:36,300
Bay, and we're hoping that when those
results come back, if there's a second
422
00:33:36,300 --> 00:33:41,400
person, somebody else's blood that is on
that Masonic apron, it could indicate
423
00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:45,660
that there was somebody else in that
room the night he died.
424
00:33:46,240 --> 00:33:47,240
Unbelievable.
425
00:33:49,960 --> 00:33:52,540
I've got the translation of the stone.
426
00:33:53,500 --> 00:33:58,560
It says, toward trying to promote
immunity, divide the land we are spread
427
00:33:58,560 --> 00:34:01,800
purely between offspring is wisdom.
428
00:34:02,260 --> 00:34:03,260
Divide the land?
429
00:34:03,460 --> 00:34:05,520
This sounds to me like a land claim,
Doc.
430
00:34:08,800 --> 00:34:09,800
Here's the problem.
431
00:34:10,520 --> 00:34:11,900
It's not ancient Welsh.
432
00:34:12,420 --> 00:34:19,199
It's not? No. It is in a language called
Cobran, and it was invented in the 18th
433
00:34:19,199 --> 00:34:20,199
century.
434
00:34:21,449 --> 00:34:25,690
It was invented by a guy named Edward
Williams. He was a Welsh poet.
435
00:34:26,290 --> 00:34:33,050
And he also was, and you won't like
this, one of Wales' greatest
436
00:34:33,050 --> 00:34:34,190
forgers.
437
00:34:35,150 --> 00:34:39,870
So this is not ancient Welsh.
438
00:34:40,270 --> 00:34:46,489
Well, let me add one more point. Edward
Williams was also a man given to getting
439
00:34:46,489 --> 00:34:48,770
high on laudanum.
440
00:34:49,320 --> 00:34:52,139
And that is basically liquid heroin.
441
00:34:53,480 --> 00:34:54,480
Really?
442
00:34:55,320 --> 00:35:00,880
This is a crazy story. It looks like we
can't use this artifact as part of our
443
00:35:00,880 --> 00:35:03,320
evidence of this possible Welsh contact.
444
00:35:03,720 --> 00:35:08,140
Just because this does not appear to be
authentic doesn't mean the Welsh weren't
445
00:35:08,140 --> 00:35:12,660
here because there is other information,
eyewitness accounts from explorers that
446
00:35:12,660 --> 00:35:15,820
ran into Indian nations that had...
447
00:35:17,009 --> 00:35:22,090
European features, light skin, light
hair, sometimes blue eyes, particularly
448
00:35:22,090 --> 00:35:23,350
Mandan nation.
449
00:35:23,830 --> 00:35:28,430
But let me ask you about this. What do
you think about the whole Welsh theory?
450
00:35:28,570 --> 00:35:32,370
I've been looking at that for quite some
time, but there's no real way to know
451
00:35:32,370 --> 00:35:36,390
for sure because there is not a lot of
evidence that exists to this day.
452
00:35:37,050 --> 00:35:38,370
Have you heard of John Dee?
453
00:35:38,750 --> 00:35:42,830
Absolutely. I've heard of John D. His
name has come up a number of times in my
454
00:35:42,830 --> 00:35:47,290
investigations. I know him very well.
Well, John D., based on the research
455
00:35:47,290 --> 00:35:52,690
I've done, may have been responsible for
the claim that the Welsh arrived in the
456
00:35:52,690 --> 00:35:55,990
New World prior to Columbus's discovery.
457
00:35:56,570 --> 00:36:02,870
And his motives were primarily political
because being from the British Empire,
458
00:36:03,170 --> 00:36:07,150
he wanted to be able to establish that
there was a British claim.
459
00:36:08,010 --> 00:36:10,490
in the New World before Spain.
460
00:36:10,990 --> 00:36:15,330
To hear you talk about that doesn't
surprise me at all. But what we can be
461
00:36:15,330 --> 00:36:18,010
specific about are these DNA results.
462
00:36:18,330 --> 00:36:22,450
If we get results back that say that
there was somebody else's blood on that
463
00:36:22,450 --> 00:36:26,550
Masonic apron, that could very well mean
that someone else was there when
464
00:36:26,550 --> 00:36:30,230
Meriwether Lewis died, and maybe that's
the person that killed him. I've talked
465
00:36:30,230 --> 00:36:34,510
to some forensic pathologists who say
that if the sequence of events was a
466
00:36:34,510 --> 00:36:40,690
gunshot to the head, And that failing to
work, losing, according to some people,
467
00:36:40,750 --> 00:36:45,330
a portion of his skull, exposing his
brain, and then shooting himself below
468
00:36:45,330 --> 00:36:50,450
sternum, a gut shot, in other words,
that that doesn't seem realistic.
469
00:36:51,420 --> 00:36:54,380
We're never going to be able to know for
sure. Did he shoot himself in the head,
470
00:36:54,480 --> 00:36:58,360
the stomach? We'll never know which came
first. So that is why these test
471
00:36:58,360 --> 00:37:01,480
results on the blood with the DNA are so
important.
472
00:37:01,700 --> 00:37:05,700
It may be the only piece of physical
evidence that we're ever going to have
473
00:37:05,700 --> 00:37:10,040
help us try to figure out what happened
in the death of one of America's most
474
00:37:10,040 --> 00:37:11,040
important heroes.
475
00:37:44,560 --> 00:37:45,259
Hey, Keith.
476
00:37:45,260 --> 00:37:47,760
Oh, Scott. Good to see you again. Good
to see you, too.
477
00:37:48,180 --> 00:37:52,840
These test results that we're about to
get could open the door to a whole host
478
00:37:52,840 --> 00:37:56,280
of questions about what happened the
night Meriwether Lewis died.
479
00:37:56,920 --> 00:38:01,380
You brought your family results, right?
Yes, I was given a copy of the profile
480
00:38:01,380 --> 00:38:04,120
of his family for comparison purposes.
481
00:38:04,620 --> 00:38:08,480
You realize if these test results come
back indicating that the blood is
482
00:38:08,480 --> 00:38:10,100
somebody other than your relative,
483
00:38:11,030 --> 00:38:15,870
That's a big deal. Either way, I think
it might raise more questions than the
484
00:38:15,870 --> 00:38:19,550
exhuming of the body might be the only
course left.
485
00:38:40,750 --> 00:38:44,390
Well, Steve, you're going to look at
these results to compare with what you
486
00:38:44,570 --> 00:38:48,490
So are you going to be able to tell us
if there's a match with this family?
487
00:38:48,790 --> 00:38:53,430
Yes, what I'm looking for is an exact
match of the unique profile.
488
00:38:53,750 --> 00:38:55,190
Well, Keith, are you ready?
489
00:38:55,630 --> 00:39:01,090
I'm ready to find out. You've got your
family record there? Great. I have my
490
00:39:01,090 --> 00:39:04,410
results right here of the apron, and
I'll make a comparison.
491
00:39:23,050 --> 00:39:25,310
So the faces are not a match.
492
00:39:25,730 --> 00:39:26,730
What?
493
00:39:27,490 --> 00:39:32,450
This means that the Lewis family member
is not related to the profile that we
494
00:39:32,450 --> 00:39:33,610
recovered from the apron.
495
00:39:33,870 --> 00:39:37,230
Wait a minute, wait a minute. So you're
saying this is not Mary Weather Lewis's
496
00:39:37,230 --> 00:39:39,270
blood? Yes, that's correct.
497
00:39:40,470 --> 00:39:42,330
Well, we do have more information.
498
00:39:42,950 --> 00:39:49,570
We analyzed two swabs, and on each swab,
we got different DNA
499
00:39:49,570 --> 00:39:54,900
profiles. Different human? Different
human. The first swab contained one
500
00:39:54,900 --> 00:39:58,920
individual, but the second swab was a
mixture, meaning there's more than one
501
00:39:58,920 --> 00:40:00,300
individual's DNA present.
502
00:40:00,560 --> 00:40:01,560
What?
503
00:40:02,060 --> 00:40:07,060
And none of those two profiles were a
match to the Lewis family member.
504
00:40:08,380 --> 00:40:12,140
Keith? I don't know. It's incredible.
505
00:40:12,420 --> 00:40:14,860
You didn't expect that, did you? Not
really, no.
506
00:40:15,580 --> 00:40:18,000
Wow, that's a big deal.
507
00:40:18,380 --> 00:40:23,720
The fact that you've got someone else's
blood, possibly two people. At least
508
00:40:23,720 --> 00:40:28,060
two. At least two. That, to me, really
only points to the night that he died,
509
00:40:28,180 --> 00:40:29,540
that there may have been a struggle.
510
00:40:29,760 --> 00:40:33,240
Didn't Mrs. Grinder say that she heard
what she thought was arguing?
511
00:40:33,780 --> 00:40:34,780
Yes, she did.
512
00:40:35,260 --> 00:40:38,200
Okay. That there may have been some
other people there.
513
00:40:38,480 --> 00:40:39,480
Not necessarily.
514
00:40:39,540 --> 00:40:42,960
It could be two different individuals'
blood. It could mean that...
515
00:40:43,340 --> 00:40:44,760
There was some kind of contamination.
516
00:40:45,040 --> 00:40:49,640
The blood on the apron and somebody else
spitting on it could be from a handler
517
00:40:49,640 --> 00:40:50,479
over time.
518
00:40:50,480 --> 00:40:51,480
Anything is possible.
519
00:40:51,540 --> 00:40:54,980
But the fact is, I mean, there was a lot
of blood on that apron.
520
00:40:55,480 --> 00:41:00,680
And I don't know how, why would he be
carrying around a bloody apron that
521
00:41:00,680 --> 00:41:04,720
somebody else's blood is on? There's no
way a Mason would do that. A Mason would
522
00:41:04,720 --> 00:41:08,640
keep his Masonic apron pristine. It's
one of the most important things to
523
00:41:08,720 --> 00:41:11,340
And to have it spattered with somebody
else's blood.
524
00:41:11,920 --> 00:41:14,060
has to mean it had to have happened that
night.
525
00:41:14,700 --> 00:41:19,300
The accepted story here is that
Meriwether Lewis took his own life. I
526
00:41:19,300 --> 00:41:21,820
believe that before. I sure as heck
don't believe it now.
527
00:41:22,060 --> 00:41:25,300
Right now, I would say it looks like
murder to me.
528
00:41:25,520 --> 00:41:27,460
And if so, there has to be a motive.
529
00:41:27,780 --> 00:41:29,380
And one of the motives...
530
00:41:29,690 --> 00:41:34,990
to me, could possibly be something that
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark found
531
00:41:34,990 --> 00:41:36,050
during their expedition.
532
00:41:36,510 --> 00:41:41,210
Possibly evidence of pre -Columbian
contact. Maybe even evidence of an
533
00:41:41,210 --> 00:41:46,310
land claim that would certainly have
been a motive for him to be killed.
534
00:41:46,570 --> 00:41:49,590
The families always thought that it's
been murder.
535
00:41:50,010 --> 00:41:54,190
And this could be a critical or crucial
point.
536
00:41:54,470 --> 00:41:57,530
Everybody thought and accepted that it
was suicide.
537
00:41:58,140 --> 00:42:00,520
No way. Not in my mind. It was murder.
538
00:42:05,940 --> 00:42:10,900
Many people believe that the death of
famed explorer Meriwether Lewis has
539
00:42:10,900 --> 00:42:12,720
been an American murder mystery.
540
00:42:13,020 --> 00:42:18,860
The circumstances of his death over 200
years ago still lead us to question if
541
00:42:18,860 --> 00:42:21,900
he actually committed suicide or was
murdered.
542
00:42:22,800 --> 00:42:27,520
Lewis had a presidential mandate to
search the American West for evidence of
543
00:42:27,520 --> 00:42:29,980
ancient Welsh presence prior to
Columbus.
544
00:42:30,460 --> 00:42:34,780
Along the way, there were reports of
natives who spoke Welsh and looked
545
00:42:34,780 --> 00:42:40,820
European. And missing sections of
Lewis's journals tell me there is a
546
00:42:40,820 --> 00:42:46,100
motive. I believe that what Lewis
discovered on his expedition could have
547
00:42:46,100 --> 00:42:46,959
him killed.
548
00:42:46,960 --> 00:42:51,310
Now. Testing that I've had carried out
on the blood that stained Lewis's apron
549
00:42:51,310 --> 00:42:54,390
has proven the presence of more than one
DNA profile.
550
00:42:55,030 --> 00:42:58,770
I think someone else had to be there the
night Meriwether Lewis died.
551
00:42:58,990 --> 00:43:03,470
And to me, the only reasonable
explanation is that he was killed for
552
00:43:03,470 --> 00:43:08,510
found out. I believe my investigation
has blown a hole in the history we've
553
00:43:08,510 --> 00:43:13,450
been told about what happened to one of
our nation's most pioneering explorers.
554
00:43:14,070 --> 00:43:16,290
Next time on America Unearthed.
555
00:43:16,540 --> 00:43:18,680
This is really an important group of
artifacts.
556
00:43:20,580 --> 00:43:25,300
That's 800 A .D. I want the answer of
what these things are.
557
00:43:25,580 --> 00:43:26,740
Do you know what that is?
558
00:43:26,980 --> 00:43:28,500
Oh, my God, I can't believe it.
559
00:43:29,680 --> 00:43:34,180
If you have a mysterious artifact or
site I need to see, I want to know about
560
00:43:34,180 --> 00:43:37,420
it. Go to history .com slash unearthed.
51398
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