All language subtitles for B.W.S10E15.Catching.a.Frilled.Dragon.King.Cobra.Worlds.Deadliest.Venom.Milking.1080p.AMZN.WEB-DL.DD2.0.H.264-playWEB_track3_[eng]

All right, guys.

So right now we're on
location in Darwin, Australia,

and we're trying to make
a video for the "Brave

Wilderness" adventure kit.

This is the reptiles
and amphibians edition.

And our goal is to get a frilled
dragon to sit on top of it

and flare out its frill.

There's a big one on the
back side of this tree.

And with any luck, I'm
going to be able to catch

it and place it on top.

I'm going to try to do
this in a single take.

Here we go.

Now, Mario over here
is scouting for me.

Now, the strategy here
is all about sneaking

up to the trunk of the tree.

I'll look to Mario.

He'll give me the signal
as to how high it is.

And then I jump, swing
my arm around the side,

and make the catch.

Got it.

Whoa!

Look at that.

That is a big boy.

That is a big dragon!

Look at the size of that lizard.

One of the most iconic reptiles
here in all of Australia,

the frilled dragon.

I see you, buddy.

We've got our lizard,
and now it's time to get

the epic shot of this-- oh!

Dragon up on top of the "Brave
Wilderness" adventure kit.

Woo!

How about that for a catch, huh?

That is a good-looking dragon.

OK.

So, let's crouch
down for a second.

I'm trying not to get whipped in
the face by that tail or bitten.

They have really, really,
really sharp teeth.

And I was bitten the other day.

It was not fun.

What I'm going to do,
Mario, is actually

pass the dragon off to you.

Yeah.

Let's see if
we can get it properly

wrangled on top of the box.

I think maybe that-- see that
little pocket right there?

Sure.

Right there?

Let's come right up to that.

Did you get the catch?

Oh, yeah.

This is awesome.

Got it.

Whoa!

This lizard is the only kind
that has a frill like this.

This species is the only
one that has a frill.

They are incredibly
prehistoric-looking.

And you can see that
frill is a big defense,

basically puffing up saying, OK,
you don't want to mess with me.

All right.

I think this spot right here
is probably pretty good.

Set the kit down.

Let's see.

So, I'm going to hand
the lizard off to you.

Be very, very
careful, very careful.

You do not want to get
bitten by this lizard.

There we go.
You got him?

Yep.

And you see on my hand
there actually was already

bitten the other day by one.

Trust me, it's not fun.

I want to try to get
blue sky, if possible.

I can lighten up the
foreground, no problem.

Oh, this'll look sweet.

If we can get him on
top of right there,

I can get those blue
clouds in the background.

Hold on.

I've got to move this stick.

OK.

Man, this is one of the most
challenging parts-- getting

the lizard to actually balance.

Oh, that's-- I'm just going
to snap these pictures.

You're going to have
to stand perfectly still.

Yeah, we cannot move.

I'm in-- I got a great frame.

I'm good.

Ready?

Yup.

That's it.

That's the shot right there.

Oh, my gosh.

This is the coolest shot we
could ever get for the "Brave

Wilderness" adventure kit.

This is perfect.

I'm going to try one
in portrait mode.

Got it.

And that is the frilled dragon.

Good snag.

All right!

Wow.

That's a big one.

Good job, guys.

Well, that's the shot.

That's all we needed,
a beautiful photograph

of a frilled dragon
on top of the "Brave

Wilderness" adventure kit
reptiles and amphibians edition.

The last thing to do is
let the lizard back up

onto the same tree
where we caught it

and maybe get a cool GoPro
shot of it going away.

What do you think?
Sounds good.

All right.

Let's walk back
over to its tree.

A great day out here in the
park picking up B-roll shots

and finally catching
one of these big

dragons to get on
top of the "Brave

Wilderness" adventure kit.

I'm Coyote Peterson.

Be brave.

Stay wild.

We'll see you on
the next location.

All right, ready?
Yup.

Let's try to get a cool
shot of him going up the tree.

So I'm going to let
him kind of grip on.

And you good?

Yep.

One, two, three.

Sweet.
- Dude.

Ripped the camera
and everything.

That was awesome.

- All right.
- Yeah.

- This one's mine.
- Mario.

This is mine.

No!

I want it!

Give me that adventure kit!

If you thought an adult
frilled dragon was cool,

look at the hatchling.

Oh, my goodness!

I didn't know that you
guys found a hatchling.

They were
hanging on in this tree

right underneath our
nose, as they say.

That is so cute!

You know what's better
than a baby frilled dragon?

What?

Oh.

Two baby frilled dragons.

Two baby frilled dragons.

Check that out.

Oh, my gosh.

They're so cute!

Oh, man.

It's climbing
right on my finger.

Twinsies.

So Mario, why are we
finding babies right now?

It's hatching season.

Yeah.

So, at this point, they're
hanging out in these smaller

trees, and they like the
vegetation that's a little

thinner since they're smaller.

They hang out on the
stems and the branches.

Are these babies
at threat from the adults?

Like would an adult frilled
dragon eat the babies?

An adult will
eat one of these.

However, look at
that camouflage.

We were actually standing
underneath this tree

for several minutes.

And basically, I just saw
a little bit of movement.

I was like, oh, what's that?

And it was a little frilly.

On our
days off, guys, we

are always constantly working.

And the fact that there are
frilled dragons in this park

gives us the perfect opportunity
to get some of that really good

cryptic B-roll that we're
always after and, of course,

the opportunity to pick
up a few extra photographs

for the memory collection.

There you go.

Look at that little guy.

So little.

Today is
the ultimate snake

venom milking comparison, the
moment we have been waiting for.

Comparing the king of
snakes, the king cobra,

the largest elapid in the
world, to the largest viper

in the world, the gaboon viper.

Both of these snakes
are considered

deadly, neither of which I
have ever worked with before.

But today, Carl and Mara are
going to show us exactly what

it takes to milk these snakes.

I'm intimidated, guys,
and I haven't even

seen the snakes yet.

Where do you want to start?

Cobra or gaboon viper?

Yeah.

So what's that old saying?
"Go big or go home."

Let's start with the king.

I think that's a good place.

This is a young king.

She's a female.

She's about 4 and 1/2 years old.

She's only about 10.5 feet.

Hold on a second.

"Only about 10.5 feet"?

For a king cobra,
that's not big, right?

So, in fact, king cobras
are dimorphic by size.

So males get much
larger than females.

OK.

So a male king
cobra is 16 feet.

But a female king
cobra, typically

not more than about 11 or so.

Now, if it does jump off
the table, where do I go?

Because we're in a very
tight quarter room.

Anywhere that the king is not.

- Anywhere that the king is not?
- Yeah.

OK.

OK, guys.

Here we go.

This is going
to get exciting.

I didn't even know
it was right there.

Oh!

Look at that.

Wow, that is a big snake.

So there she is.

You can hear her starting to
move just a little bit of air.

- Whoa!
- Good.

And hissing.

And hissing.

And now she's basically saying,
stay away from me, you know?

And she's trying to gauge
what's happening right now.

So we're going to move
her here in just a second.

That's a
dangerous little

jack-in-the-box right there.

It's just like, oh, cobra
pops out right in your face.

You bet.

I don't want to distract Carl.

I know I keep talking,
but he has to stay so

incredibly focused right now.

OK.

I'm behind you to
take the snake.

I think this is just a
good opportunity for a second

to give you a sense
how remarkably shy

even the most dangerous
snakes in the world are.

Yes.

So you can see she doesn't
want anything to do with us.

She's thinking, leave me alone.

I was in a dark, quiet space.

Why are you agitating me?

And I think this is
a great sense of,

I don't want any part of you.

You just let me be.

Unfortunately, we have
an agreement here,

and she's got to come
out and pay the rent.

So, we're going to catch her.

The speed.

It's unbelievable
how fast the snake

comes in and out of that box.

I'm going to get Carl just a
little bit more space here.

Oh, big snake.

Hold on a second.

See, here she is.

Good.

Come on in.

- I'm coming on over.
- Come on in.

Good.

And full pressure applied.

OK.
Good.

Come this way.
Come this way.

Look at the
size of the snake.

Twice the size of the table.

It's grabbing onto the camera.
OK.

Hold on one second.

Hold on one second
and let her go.

I'm letting go.

It's the king's
show right now.

Don't worry about the camera.

You're OK.

Got it.

Mara, are you still here?

Yup.

Hold on one second.

Good.

I've got full
pressure on her.

Move her back.

Whoa!

Look at the speed!

Carl is faster than the cobra.

Wow.

Mara, now what do
you need me to do?

So this hand here.

Oh, my gosh.

This snake is so big.

And you can already
feel that vent open,

so you're going to want
to hold it shut so you

just keep yourself clean.
- Right here?

Yep.

And you might have
to fold your--

Wow!

That is me holding a king cobra.

My goodness.

This snake is so big
around, I can't even get

my hand all the way around it.

Beautiful, huh?

That is crazy.

How intimidating is it to
hold the head like that?

So, you know,
I always think

you're paying close attention
anytime you're working

with big elapids, right?
Yeah.

So we'll allow her
to bite two or three times,

see what we can get.

King cobras, of course,
are ophiophages.

They're snake eaters
almost exclusively.

And although here in
captivity, our group

are readily feeding them rats.

OK.
- OK.

Are you ready for a bite?

I think so.

Are you guys ready to
see the bite happen?

I'm ready to go.
All right.

Let's see how much venom this
snake is going to give us.

So we'll see.

Like I said, we'll have her bite
multiple times and that's it.

Oh, my goodness!

And king cobra
venom, you can see

that deep, beautiful yellow.

And so as you can
see, as she's chewing,

she's injecting a little
more venom each time.

And we're probably looking
at, oh, gosh, 300 or 400

milligrams of dry weight here.

When we think about
20 milligrams of king

cobra venom is a lethal dose.

So, in the case of
400 milligrams there,

you're looking at an awful
lot of lethal doses, right?

We'll see if she can do
it one more time for me.

She's done.

No, there she goes one more.

And she's done.
Wow.

Excellent.

All good?

Thanks.

Everybody's good?
All right.

Back into her cage.

That right there
kills a lot of people.

Now, if you guys thought the
power and the size of the king

cobra was intimidating, wait
until you see the gaboon viper.

This is the world's
largest viper,

and they have fangs that can be
as long as 2 inches in length.

I mean, we're talking
that, if snake bites you,

it's fangs are going
right through your hand.

That's going to be
a little more calm,

I'm guessing, than what
the cobra situation was.

But snakes should fill up a
good portion of the table.

Oh, my goodness.

Look at this snake.

Wow!

Beautiful!

Look at the horns on the
front of that snake's nose.

That is an intimidating
snake right there.

Now, Carl, what is the strike
distance for a viper like this?

Like, am I in the
danger zone right

here or not likely to
launch of the table?

So you're just outside.
No.

OK.

You would be amazed
at how fast a gaboon

viper can go from here to here.

Yeah.

You can't believe it.

In the event somebody
comes across the snake

and they don't get close to
him, he'll remain motionless.

He'll sit there and blend in.

But if you step on a snake
like that, of course,

then things happen very fast.

How dangerous is
the venom of this snake?

I mean, we're about
to get that venom,

but if you were to be bitten,
what are you looking at if you

get, you know, tagged on
the foot or your hand,

how much time do you got?

Big gaboon viper
bite in the wrong place

or particularly if
it hit a vein could

really be problematic quickly.

So anyway, that's kind of a--
that little puff you just saw,

that was just a little bit,
OK, hey, what's going on here?

I'm starting to get
a little agitated.

We're going to
try to avoid that.

OK, great.
- All right.

So we're going to
switch him around.

I'm going to have Mara
change places with you.

OK.

And we're going to switch
him around and we'll catch him.

All right.

And then once, Mara, you've
got the body under control,

that's where I can come in
and hold on to the back side

of the snake?
Yeah.

OK.

Oh, listen to that hiss.

OK, there's no pressure yet.

Perfect.

Don't change anything.
Got him?

Yeah.

Good.

Ho-ho-ho!

Gaboon viper.

This is cool.

I'm not going to talk much.

I got to let Carl
keep his focus.

I got a good hold
on the snake's body.

Oh, my goodness!

Get out of here.

And you get a
sense of that big bite.

Let's see if we can get it
to penetrate one more time.

And--

Wow!

Just wow!

Look at that!

And these snakes will
bite and hold on, right?

They will, exactly, Coyote.
Good.

- You've got it?
- I've got her.

- OK.
- And I'm going back.

OK.
Excellent.

That was probably

the most intimidating
snake I have

ever been a part of milking.

That was awesome, Carl.

You feel good about how
that all just went down?

Yeah, I thought so, right?

So you got a sense of that,
really, they're just placid

right up until the last minute.

And then that bite is
dramatic and rapid, right?

And she gave us a
pretty good yield today.

That's probably 500
milligrams of venom.

And we think on gaboon vipers,
probably about 100 milligrams

or so is probably a lethal dose.

OK.

So that right there could
probably kill about five people.

We think so.
OK.

Now, the power in
that bite, you could

see the whole vial shaking
around as her fangs

were just pow, pow, pow, pow!

That's just it.

I always think so.

You imagine that on a barefoot,
you know, or you imagine

that on a hand, you're reaching
down into a bush or something

like that, and all of
a sudden, you've got

this massive head locked on.

And so, you know, a gaboon
viper bite, no joke.

Phew!

Well, that was without
question intimidating.

Now we have milked
the king cobra.

We have milked the gaboon viper.

And the next step
in this experiment

is to actually
take a look at both

of these venoms mixed with, of
course, human blood, my blood.

So this next part is going
to get really interesting.

I'm really curious to
see what the difference

will be between elapid venom and
viper venom mixed in with blood.

Yeah, I think we
should see some things

under the microscope.
Hoping so.

OK.

Well, let's head over to
the lab and see what we see.

Sounds great.

Sitting before me here is one
very toxic science experiment.

We have pulled
blood from my body.

And here in these two vials,
we have the cobra venom

and the gaboon viper venom.

To start, we perform a
rudimentary test with three

petri dishes of my blood.

The control has no venom,
while the other two are each

given a small sample of
the respective venoms,

clearly labeled king
cobra and gaboon viper.

After sitting for
several minutes,

we visually noticed coagulation
near the drops of venom,

and a lower blood viscosity near
the outer edges of the dish.

However, to really see the
cellular destruction your body

would be facing if you were
bitten by one of these snakes,

we need to turn
to the microscope.

You have, in advance,
prepared the blood slide.

Now what we're going to do is
add venom to each one of these.

Right.
OK.

Should we start
with the king cobra?

Yeah, let's do it.

OK.

We're going to add just
2 microliters of venom

to the blood here.

And that's basically
just a very small drop.

This is exciting.

King cobra venom
entering into the blood

underneath the microscope.

Oh.

Whoa!

Whoa!

Whoa.

Whoa.

The blood cells are going crazy!

And that's
pretty much instant.

And actually, the
venom is so thick,

it's pulling the blood out
from underneath the slide.

So it's not diffusing in,
it's pulling the blood out.

It's sucking the blood
out from underneath the slide.

This is insanity!

Look at-- the blood
cells are going berserk.

Look what it's doing.

It's actually pulling
in the venom here.

So you can see that yellow venom
on the edge and all this blood

is pulling out of it.

It's created like a current.

Wow!

And so each one
of these moving cells

is just going to
explode, essentially,

in that little
tiny drop of venom.

It is like the red blood
cells are getting magnetized

in towards the venom.

And I wonder if that has
something to do with the thicker

viscosity of the venom.

This is beyond what I
was expecting to see.

King cobra venom contains
neurotoxins that immediately

begin to attack the victim's
central nervous system, which

can lead to paralysis
and, eventually,

cardiovascular collapse.

It also consists of cytotoxins
which cause cell lysis.

This physical breakdown
of the red blood cells

is what you are
witnessing visually,

and the accompanying
pain is unbearable.

Without the administration
of antivenom,

a king cobra bite is a
guaranteed death sentence.

This was a shot
I really wanted to see.

This is like a--

I didn't know if
we could get it but--

- zombie massacre right here.

So that dark red swatch
that we see there

in the middle of the
screen, that's all the blood

cells being lysed out?

Yeah, that's all the
remains of your former blood

cells, yeah.

So, it's kind of like
if they were to go through

like a mincing machine that's
just chopping them apart

and then into a wasteland.

At a cellular level, yeah.

All right.

Now that we have seen the
destructive nature of the king

cobra venom, it is
time to take a look

at the gaboon viper's venom.

Remember, this is
a hemotoxic venom

that's just going to destroy
blood cells left and right.

Ooh!

This is going to be wicked.

Oh!

Wowzers!

So it's just instant.

Instantaneous.

Just two seconds.

Look at that destruction.

Look at the speed.

It is like a rushing
waterfall of red blood cells

going through a paper
shredder that are

just destroying these cells.

Yeah.

Gaboon vipers are
armed with the largest

fangs of any snake.

And with just a single bite,
they can inject a fatal yield

of hemotoxic venom.

What you are seeing visually
is the immediate destruction

of red blood cells and the
inability for the cells

to clot, which
eventually leads to

massive internal hemorrhaging.

A bite from the gaboon
will bring about a slow

and very painful death.

I keep this in mind.

When a snake is
out there hunting

and it bites a prey
item, it needs its venom

to work quickly so that
the prey is immobilized

and it has its meal.

This is proof that
that venom works

incredibly fast to
essentially kill something.

Hunter, thank you
so much for giving

us this up-close look at the
venom under the microscope.

Today's experiment was
beyond my expectations.

So cool.
Thank you.

I'm Coyote Peterson.

Be brave.

Stay wild.

We'll see you on
the next adventure.