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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,266 --> 00:00:07,000 [narrator] A complex that hosted an unlikely Cold War matchup. 2 00:00:09,367 --> 00:00:11,166 [man] It was a real barn burner. 3 00:00:11,166 --> 00:00:15,266 The fact that the Soviets could match them is really quite impressive. 4 00:00:16,900 --> 00:00:19,500 [narrator] A British facility caught up in a battle 5 00:00:19,500 --> 00:00:22,500 between trade unions and the Iron Lady. 6 00:00:24,166 --> 00:00:28,567 She was determined to use every weapon in her arsenal to crush it. 7 00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:33,800 [narrator] And a Gothic tower in Memphis, 8 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:35,567 plagued from its inception. 9 00:00:37,300 --> 00:00:39,967 [woman] This is where they made a crucial mistake, 10 00:00:39,967 --> 00:00:44,200 and it was one that would haunt the building for the rest of its life. 11 00:00:46,667 --> 00:00:49,600 [opening theme music playing] 12 00:00:55,967 --> 00:00:58,967 [narrator] In Vilnius, Lithuania's capital, 13 00:00:58,967 --> 00:01:01,467 a derelict structure evokes memories 14 00:01:01,467 --> 00:01:03,767 of a remarkable sporting moment. 15 00:01:10,166 --> 00:01:11,667 [man] We come across this plaza, 16 00:01:11,667 --> 00:01:14,000 but it's kind of falling apart. 17 00:01:14,900 --> 00:01:17,567 Looming over all of it is a grand building 18 00:01:17,567 --> 00:01:20,100 with a very distinctive design, 19 00:01:20,100 --> 00:01:23,100 almost like a spaceship that's come and landed here. 20 00:01:23,800 --> 00:01:24,967 [man 2] It's concrete. 21 00:01:24,967 --> 00:01:27,367 It's brutalist in style. 22 00:01:27,367 --> 00:01:30,600 It has all the feelings of a Soviet building. 23 00:01:30,600 --> 00:01:35,367 [narrator] Inside, it quickly becomes apparent this is some type of arena. 24 00:01:37,300 --> 00:01:40,000 [man] In some ways, it recalls a little bit, 25 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:43,600 Lincoln Center in New York City, the great concert hall, 26 00:01:43,600 --> 00:01:45,800 or even the Sydney Opera House. 27 00:01:45,800 --> 00:01:49,000 This is a building with real aspirations for greatness. 28 00:01:51,100 --> 00:01:53,567 [narrator] Built to showcase Soviet excellence, 29 00:01:53,567 --> 00:01:59,567 an American billionaire ensured it would host a unique Cold War showdown. 30 00:02:00,600 --> 00:02:02,667 [man 2] Landing deep behind enemy lines, 31 00:02:02,667 --> 00:02:06,166 this group of Americans were treated as heroes. 32 00:02:07,667 --> 00:02:11,200 The players must have thought this was the strangest thing they'd ever seen. 33 00:02:19,367 --> 00:02:21,634 [narrator] July, 1988. 34 00:02:24,100 --> 00:02:25,667 Thousands of Lithuanians 35 00:02:25,667 --> 00:02:29,367 have gathered outside the building, filling the plaza. 36 00:02:33,300 --> 00:02:35,266 [translating from Lithuanian] There were a lot of militias everywhere, 37 00:02:35,266 --> 00:02:36,900 and a few checkpoints. 38 00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:40,000 [narrator] But these aren't protesters. 39 00:02:40,800 --> 00:02:43,367 They're basketball fans. 40 00:02:43,367 --> 00:02:48,467 Desperate to get inside and catch a glimpse of NBA superstars, 41 00:02:48,467 --> 00:02:51,367 making a rare appearance behind the Iron Curtain. 42 00:02:53,600 --> 00:02:56,300 Gintaras Krapikas was one of the lucky ones. 43 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:03,166 We all knew about NBA basketball. 44 00:03:03,166 --> 00:03:06,100 However, we never had the opportunity to watch it. 45 00:03:06,100 --> 00:03:08,567 No television here ever broadcast it. 46 00:03:08,567 --> 00:03:10,166 And it was like a myth. 47 00:03:10,166 --> 00:03:13,700 It was incredible for the fans to be able to watch them play live. 48 00:03:13,700 --> 00:03:16,600 Everyone was just in awe. 49 00:03:19,066 --> 00:03:21,266 [narrator] But how did an NBA team 50 00:03:21,266 --> 00:03:25,834 come to play in this arena during the Cold War? 51 00:03:28,266 --> 00:03:31,467 Its seeds were sown back in the 1920s, 52 00:03:31,467 --> 00:03:36,100 when Lithuanian Americans imported basketball into the country. 53 00:03:37,066 --> 00:03:39,266 Journalist Vidas Maciulis 54 00:03:39,266 --> 00:03:44,133 has been covering the nation's favorite game for 60 years. 55 00:03:46,567 --> 00:03:49,000 [translating from Lithuanian] In Lithuania, we call basketball 56 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:50,266 our second religion. 57 00:03:50,266 --> 00:03:51,567 Everyone loves it. 58 00:03:51,567 --> 00:03:55,367 Everyone respects it, and it's 102 years old. 59 00:03:57,467 --> 00:03:59,567 [narrator] The sport caught on quickly, 60 00:03:59,567 --> 00:04:06,000 and Lithuania was crowned European champions in 1937 and 1939. 61 00:04:06,000 --> 00:04:09,467 But these glory days were soon cut short. 62 00:04:13,867 --> 00:04:17,467 [Sascha] In 1940, shortly after World War 2 had broken out, 63 00:04:17,467 --> 00:04:19,700 the Soviet Union occupied Lithuania, 64 00:04:19,700 --> 00:04:23,367 and the national team was absorbed into the Soviet system. 65 00:04:24,867 --> 00:04:29,200 [narrator] By the mid-1960s, Soviet communism reached its zenith. 66 00:04:31,500 --> 00:04:34,867 [Jim] The Soviets were ahead in spaceflight. 67 00:04:34,867 --> 00:04:39,166 Their political systems seemed to be gaining power around the world. 68 00:04:39,166 --> 00:04:42,066 Their sports teams were some of the best in the world. 69 00:04:44,266 --> 00:04:47,800 The Soviet leaders really wanted to project this image of success 70 00:04:47,800 --> 00:04:50,166 to the rest of the world and to their own citizens. 71 00:04:51,467 --> 00:04:53,300 [narrator] And they embarked on a series 72 00:04:53,300 --> 00:04:56,367 of ambitious projects across its empire. 73 00:04:57,600 --> 00:05:03,700 Here in Lithuania, construction began in 1965 on this, 74 00:05:03,700 --> 00:05:07,467 the Vilnius Palace of Concerts and Sports. 75 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:11,800 It hosted a range of events and sports, 76 00:05:11,800 --> 00:05:14,467 including the country's beloved basketball. 77 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:20,767 [speaking in Lithuanian] 78 00:05:21,567 --> 00:05:23,767 I see the main V.I.P stand. 79 00:05:23,767 --> 00:05:26,800 I was there many times. 80 00:05:29,266 --> 00:05:32,000 [narrator] Sitting alongside Soviet leaders, 81 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:35,166 it wasn't always the most relaxed atmosphere. 82 00:05:39,367 --> 00:05:41,433 We were too reserved to clap. 83 00:05:43,867 --> 00:05:46,867 We were too shy to cheer for the team that we supported. 84 00:05:48,100 --> 00:05:50,767 And we were afraid to cheer for the musical band. 85 00:05:56,500 --> 00:05:59,300 [Sascha] In the 1980s, with the Cold War beginning to thaw, 86 00:05:59,300 --> 00:06:01,767 the Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, 87 00:06:01,767 --> 00:06:03,600 instituted a series of reforms 88 00:06:03,600 --> 00:06:05,800 that promoted a new level of transparency 89 00:06:05,800 --> 00:06:08,867 and openness across the Soviet Union. 90 00:06:10,567 --> 00:06:14,500 [Jim] Gorbachev chose to release the pressure where he could, 91 00:06:14,500 --> 00:06:19,066 almost like letting some steam out of a boiler that's close to exploding. 92 00:06:19,066 --> 00:06:21,900 So he began to allow cultural exchanges. 93 00:06:22,867 --> 00:06:24,700 [narrator] In the United States, 94 00:06:24,700 --> 00:06:28,467 Ted Turner, a media mogul and owner of the Atlanta Hawks, 95 00:06:28,467 --> 00:06:31,367 was closely watching international affairs. 96 00:06:32,500 --> 00:06:36,667 [Jim] Turner was a real character, real entrepreneur. 97 00:06:36,667 --> 00:06:41,467 With CNN, he invented the whole idea of 24-hour cable news. 98 00:06:41,467 --> 00:06:44,266 And he had a real idealistic streak. 99 00:06:44,266 --> 00:06:49,166 And he especially was focused on doing what he could 100 00:06:49,166 --> 00:06:54,367 to sort of bridge this divide between the West and the Soviet Union. 101 00:06:54,367 --> 00:06:58,367 [Sascha] In 1988, The Atlanta Hawks set off to cross the Iron Curtain 102 00:06:58,367 --> 00:07:00,467 and play a series of three exhibition matches 103 00:07:00,467 --> 00:07:02,500 against the Soviet national team. 104 00:07:04,300 --> 00:07:08,567 [narrator] The second of the three matches would take place here. 105 00:07:08,567 --> 00:07:12,000 Excitement spread throughout the basketball crazed nation. 106 00:07:17,200 --> 00:07:18,867 I couldn't believe it. 107 00:07:18,867 --> 00:07:21,300 I started looking for tickets very early 108 00:07:21,300 --> 00:07:24,100 because I realized what it meant to Lithuania 109 00:07:24,100 --> 00:07:26,166 and what it meant for basketball. 110 00:07:26,166 --> 00:07:27,600 And I did well because the tickets 111 00:07:27,600 --> 00:07:29,567 were almost impossible to come by. 112 00:07:33,100 --> 00:07:36,066 [narrator] Although the arena only held 5000, 113 00:07:36,066 --> 00:07:40,567 over a million people competed for tickets. 114 00:07:40,567 --> 00:07:42,667 [Jim] In fact, it said that they went 115 00:07:42,667 --> 00:07:46,567 for the equivalent of a month's wages on the black market. 116 00:07:46,567 --> 00:07:51,600 So the authorities decided to also sell tickets to the practice sessions, 117 00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:55,166 and the citizens of Vilnius just packed the stands, 118 00:07:55,166 --> 00:07:58,500 watching these players practice in absolute silence. 119 00:07:58,500 --> 00:08:01,200 It was as if they were in church. 120 00:08:01,200 --> 00:08:05,667 The players must have thought this was the strangest thing they'd ever seen. 121 00:08:05,667 --> 00:08:08,367 [narrator] On July 27th 1988, 122 00:08:08,367 --> 00:08:11,100 the two teams stepped out onto this court 123 00:08:11,100 --> 00:08:14,000 for the much anticipated showdown. 124 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:19,066 It would prove a classic encounter, won by a slam dunking legend. 125 00:08:31,266 --> 00:08:33,166 [narrator] In July 1988, 126 00:08:33,166 --> 00:08:36,100 NBA stars of the Atlanta Hawks, 127 00:08:36,100 --> 00:08:38,200 found themselves behind the Iron Curtain, 128 00:08:38,200 --> 00:08:42,867 playing a series of exhibition games in the USSR. 129 00:08:42,867 --> 00:08:47,867 Game 2 was held in the basketball mad country of Lithuania. 130 00:08:51,467 --> 00:08:53,000 [Jim] It was a real barn burner. 131 00:08:54,767 --> 00:08:57,066 This is a real hard fought competition. 132 00:08:57,066 --> 00:09:00,767 This Soviet team, these guys were not pushovers. 133 00:09:00,767 --> 00:09:02,367 [narrator] On the Atlanta Hawks, 134 00:09:02,367 --> 00:09:04,867 was All Star Dominique Wilkins, 135 00:09:04,867 --> 00:09:08,600 one of the greatest slam dunkers in NBA history. 136 00:09:12,467 --> 00:09:15,100 There were moments where our jaws dropped, 137 00:09:15,100 --> 00:09:18,567 because we were so impressed by the opportunities created, 138 00:09:18,567 --> 00:09:21,400 the bravery and the athleticism 139 00:09:21,400 --> 00:09:23,567 that we haven't seen or faced before. 140 00:09:27,700 --> 00:09:30,000 [Sascha] The Soviet team just kept coming back. 141 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:34,266 They were known for their extraordinary level of physical condition. 142 00:09:34,266 --> 00:09:37,867 After a nail biting match, the buzzer went, ending the game. 143 00:09:37,867 --> 00:09:41,433 And the score was knotted at 92-92. 144 00:09:43,867 --> 00:09:46,567 [Jim] Now it was time for another shock for the American team. 145 00:09:48,867 --> 00:09:50,900 The Soviets thought, "Okay, that's fine. 146 00:09:50,900 --> 00:09:52,867 "The game's a tie. Isn't that nice?" 147 00:09:52,867 --> 00:09:55,600 And the Americans were saying, 148 00:09:55,600 --> 00:09:57,867 "There's no ties in basketball." 149 00:10:00,266 --> 00:10:02,100 [Sascha] Eventually, the Soviets relented, 150 00:10:02,100 --> 00:10:04,567 and they agreed to extend the match into overtime. 151 00:10:06,300 --> 00:10:07,600 [narrator] At this point, 152 00:10:07,600 --> 00:10:11,166 NBA legend Dominique Wilkins took the initiative. 153 00:10:15,567 --> 00:10:16,767 Then in overtime, 154 00:10:16,767 --> 00:10:19,867 their biggest star, Dominique Wilkins, took the ball, 155 00:10:19,867 --> 00:10:22,700 and in a short time scored 8 points. 156 00:10:22,700 --> 00:10:25,266 And after a very intense fight, won the game. 157 00:10:29,800 --> 00:10:32,667 The final score was Hawks, 110. 158 00:10:32,667 --> 00:10:34,767 USSR, 105. 159 00:10:36,900 --> 00:10:40,700 [narrator] The Hawks' victory was a highlight for this facility. 160 00:10:42,667 --> 00:10:46,367 But soon after, the palace became the focal point 161 00:10:46,367 --> 00:10:48,800 for a rising independence movement. 162 00:10:51,100 --> 00:10:54,600 The Soviet house of cards came tumbling down. 163 00:10:58,867 --> 00:11:01,400 [Jim] After the fall of the Soviet Union, 164 00:11:01,400 --> 00:11:04,000 Lithuania is broke. 165 00:11:04,000 --> 00:11:06,500 And they don't have the money to support 166 00:11:06,500 --> 00:11:09,567 their reconstructed national basketball team . 167 00:11:10,867 --> 00:11:13,100 [Sascha] The 1992 Olympics were coming up, 168 00:11:13,100 --> 00:11:16,400 and it was the first time in almost half a century 169 00:11:16,400 --> 00:11:22,300 for Lithuania to play its favorite national sport as an independent country, 170 00:11:22,300 --> 00:11:24,400 Gintaras was one of the players 171 00:11:24,400 --> 00:11:27,133 who answered the fledgling nation's call. 172 00:11:29,567 --> 00:11:33,100 [translating] The team came to play for their country for nothing, 173 00:11:33,100 --> 00:11:35,300 for no salary. 174 00:11:38,767 --> 00:11:40,967 [narrator] As well as playing for free, 175 00:11:40,967 --> 00:11:45,266 the team desperately searched for sponsors to help them fulfill their dreams 176 00:11:45,266 --> 00:11:48,867 of representing their country at the Olympics. 177 00:11:50,767 --> 00:11:55,000 And this becomes kind of a cause celebre for many people in the US. 178 00:11:55,000 --> 00:11:58,500 A lot of NBA players thought very fondly 179 00:11:58,500 --> 00:12:00,166 of the Lithuanians and their team. 180 00:12:00,166 --> 00:12:03,166 So they lobbied to raise money to help them compete. 181 00:12:04,500 --> 00:12:06,100 [Jim] The Grateful Dead, of all bands, 182 00:12:06,100 --> 00:12:09,667 takes an interest in the plight of the Lithuanian team. 183 00:12:09,667 --> 00:12:12,367 They contribute money for new uniforms, 184 00:12:12,367 --> 00:12:16,900 and hire a great designer to design this new kit. 185 00:12:21,367 --> 00:12:24,467 [translating] It was an incredible experience to play for Lithuania, 186 00:12:24,467 --> 00:12:26,867 wearing the T-shirt that said, "Lithuania." 187 00:12:31,266 --> 00:12:34,066 [Sascha] At the Olympics, the Lithuanian team did really well. 188 00:12:34,066 --> 00:12:36,867 They made it all the way to the semi-finals. 189 00:12:36,867 --> 00:12:39,600 [Jim] It's only when they come up against the American Dream Team 190 00:12:39,600 --> 00:12:40,867 that they're defeated. 191 00:12:40,867 --> 00:12:42,800 In the end, they came away with the bronze. 192 00:12:44,867 --> 00:12:47,900 [translating] We had a huge motivation to become better, 193 00:12:47,900 --> 00:12:51,000 and we wanted to show that to the whole world. 194 00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:55,300 Olympic Games and becoming independent gave us that chance. 195 00:13:06,667 --> 00:13:08,166 [narrator] This was a turning point 196 00:13:08,166 --> 00:13:10,867 for Lithuanian basketball players, 197 00:13:10,867 --> 00:13:14,900 proving themselves on an international stage. 198 00:13:14,900 --> 00:13:18,867 Arvydas Sabonis was one of the first Lithuanians 199 00:13:18,867 --> 00:13:20,367 to join the NBA. 200 00:13:21,300 --> 00:13:23,867 First drafted in 1986, 201 00:13:23,867 --> 00:13:27,700 the Soviets refused to let him leave for the US. 202 00:13:27,700 --> 00:13:30,467 It wasn't until nearly a decade later, 203 00:13:30,467 --> 00:13:33,367 that he finally joined the league. 204 00:13:33,367 --> 00:13:38,367 But players like Sabonis helped pave the way for the many Lithuanians, 205 00:13:38,367 --> 00:13:42,367 including his son, to become NBA stars. 206 00:13:43,767 --> 00:13:46,367 And although the palace fell into disrepair 207 00:13:46,367 --> 00:13:49,000 and closed in 2004, 208 00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:50,867 the match against the Atlanta Hawks 209 00:13:50,867 --> 00:13:55,066 is fondly remembered as the high point of this stadium's history. 210 00:13:59,166 --> 00:14:03,100 I was in the peak years as an active athlete, 211 00:14:03,100 --> 00:14:06,567 looking at those players who played like that gives you motivation. 212 00:14:07,567 --> 00:14:10,000 And that match is the most memorable for me. 213 00:14:19,767 --> 00:14:22,300 [narrator] In the English village of Clipstone, 214 00:14:22,300 --> 00:14:24,767 a towering structure stirs memories 215 00:14:24,767 --> 00:14:27,667 of a fateful battle with a powerful leader. 216 00:14:33,867 --> 00:14:37,300 [man] We're in the center of England, near the city of Nottingham. 217 00:14:37,300 --> 00:14:39,567 It feels quiet and rural. 218 00:14:41,367 --> 00:14:43,567 [man 2] On what looks like the village green, 219 00:14:43,567 --> 00:14:47,367 are two enormous metal monuments reaching into the sky. 220 00:14:48,767 --> 00:14:51,166 [man] It feels quite odd that these vast structures 221 00:14:51,166 --> 00:14:54,000 are marooned in the middle of a field. 222 00:14:54,000 --> 00:14:58,266 Could this have once been part of a much larger operation? 223 00:15:00,066 --> 00:15:02,900 [narrator] Delving into the bowels of this beast, 224 00:15:02,900 --> 00:15:05,500 a strange sight appears underground. 225 00:15:07,967 --> 00:15:09,667 [man 2] Directly beneath the tower, 226 00:15:09,667 --> 00:15:11,300 is a large circular pad, 227 00:15:11,300 --> 00:15:12,767 possibly concealing something. 228 00:15:14,567 --> 00:15:17,367 [man] Exploring this place, you'd have no idea 229 00:15:17,367 --> 00:15:20,300 of the riches that are buried beneath it, 230 00:15:20,300 --> 00:15:23,567 or the controversies that would surround them. 231 00:15:25,667 --> 00:15:28,500 [man 3] This structure symbolizes one of the greatest 232 00:15:28,500 --> 00:15:31,467 social battles in Britain's history. 233 00:15:31,467 --> 00:15:35,500 It was a brutal fight between capitalism and socialism. 234 00:15:35,500 --> 00:15:37,767 Margaret Thatcher verses the trade unions. 235 00:15:39,900 --> 00:15:43,000 Many have never forgiven the Iron Lady. 236 00:15:53,266 --> 00:15:55,166 [narrator] For nearly 30 years, 237 00:15:55,166 --> 00:15:58,667 Doug Broadfoot relied on this facility for his livelihood. 238 00:16:13,100 --> 00:16:16,767 When Doug first worked here, this was part of an industry 239 00:16:16,767 --> 00:16:19,100 Britain couldn't function without. 240 00:16:23,867 --> 00:16:27,100 Coal had powered the Industrial Revolution, 241 00:16:27,100 --> 00:16:31,233 and hundreds of coal mines were scattered across the land. 242 00:16:33,700 --> 00:16:35,900 [man] So much so, that in the 19th century 243 00:16:35,900 --> 00:16:39,667 it was mining two-thirds of the world's coal. 244 00:16:40,967 --> 00:16:44,033 [narrator] This is the Clipstone colliery. 245 00:16:46,467 --> 00:16:52,567 When it opened in 1922, it proved to be a coal mining powerhouse. 246 00:16:54,400 --> 00:16:58,100 It quickly became one of the most productive mines in Britain, 247 00:16:58,100 --> 00:17:02,367 extracting more than 4000 tons per day by the 1940s. 248 00:17:04,500 --> 00:17:08,166 [narrator] But this was a decade of dramatic change. 249 00:17:11,066 --> 00:17:12,700 In 1947, 250 00:17:12,700 --> 00:17:15,700 as part of the post World War 2 shakeup, 251 00:17:15,700 --> 00:17:18,767 the coal industry was nationalized. 252 00:17:18,767 --> 00:17:22,266 The first day of a new era. 253 00:17:23,400 --> 00:17:26,600 Its new owner was the British government, 254 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:31,367 and they wouldn't always see eye to eye with the powerful trade union, 255 00:17:31,367 --> 00:17:34,834 which represented around a million miners. 256 00:17:37,266 --> 00:17:40,100 [Dominic] The National Union of Mine Workers, or N.U.M, 257 00:17:40,100 --> 00:17:44,400 who had long represented miners across the country, supported the nationalization. 258 00:17:45,667 --> 00:17:49,867 But eventually, the two sides would come to an almighty clash. 259 00:17:51,867 --> 00:17:53,667 [narrator] In the 1950s, 260 00:17:53,667 --> 00:17:58,166 these two giant towers, or head stalks, were installed. 261 00:17:59,567 --> 00:18:02,900 At the time, they were the tallest in Europe 262 00:18:02,900 --> 00:18:05,500 and allowed access to deeper coal seams. 263 00:18:07,100 --> 00:18:09,100 An elevator shaft would take the men 264 00:18:09,100 --> 00:18:12,033 more than 3000 feet underground. 265 00:18:14,467 --> 00:18:18,367 [Rob] The elevator could travel up to 27 miles per hour. 266 00:18:18,367 --> 00:18:22,066 Just imagine hurtling at that speed for that long, 267 00:18:22,066 --> 00:18:24,900 down towards the center of the Earth. 268 00:18:26,567 --> 00:18:28,467 [narrator] And down in the depths, 269 00:18:28,467 --> 00:18:30,867 the conditions were brutal. 270 00:18:32,166 --> 00:18:36,166 You could be killed by cave-ins, dangerous gases, fire. 271 00:18:36,166 --> 00:18:39,100 And even a condition called black lung. 272 00:18:40,266 --> 00:18:42,367 [Doug speaking] 273 00:18:52,367 --> 00:18:56,000 [narrator] Despite digging deeper to save their jobs, 274 00:18:56,000 --> 00:18:58,800 by the 1980s, Doug and his colleagues 275 00:18:58,800 --> 00:19:02,900 were increasingly in fear of the mine closing down. 276 00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:07,100 Coal was being replaced by new energy sources, 277 00:19:07,100 --> 00:19:10,200 such as nuclear, gas, and oil. 278 00:19:11,800 --> 00:19:15,000 [Rob] By 1984, the number of British miners 279 00:19:15,000 --> 00:19:18,600 had fallen from over a million 50 years earlier, 280 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,066 to barely 200,000. 281 00:19:23,000 --> 00:19:25,100 [Luke] As the numbers of unemployed rose, 282 00:19:25,100 --> 00:19:29,367 the miner's union was gradually becoming more radical in its outlook. 283 00:19:30,667 --> 00:19:33,500 [Rob] More and more pits were being closed, 284 00:19:33,500 --> 00:19:37,100 setting the stage for an almighty war between the miners 285 00:19:37,100 --> 00:19:40,767 and a new Prime Minister famous for getting her own way. 286 00:19:44,867 --> 00:19:48,800 In 1979, Margaret Thatcher was elected prime minister. 287 00:19:48,800 --> 00:19:51,166 She planned to close inefficient mines, 288 00:19:51,166 --> 00:19:53,967 and begin to depend on cheaper imports. 289 00:19:55,667 --> 00:20:00,867 [Rob] She also believed that trade unions like the N.U.M had too much power. 290 00:20:02,667 --> 00:20:06,200 She became determined to break their influence. 291 00:20:08,100 --> 00:20:09,400 [narrator] Ready for battle. 292 00:20:09,400 --> 00:20:11,100 In March 1984, 293 00:20:11,100 --> 00:20:15,166 Thatcher announced a new wave of pit closures, 294 00:20:15,166 --> 00:20:19,000 with the loss of 20,000 jobs. 295 00:20:19,000 --> 00:20:23,367 It triggered a strike which quickly spread around the country. 296 00:20:25,100 --> 00:20:27,300 Miners arrived at Clipstone, 297 00:20:27,300 --> 00:20:29,667 to find picket lines of strikers, 298 00:20:29,667 --> 00:20:31,367 blocking them from going to work. 299 00:20:33,467 --> 00:20:34,567 [Doug speaking] 300 00:20:52,667 --> 00:20:56,600 [narrator] Initially, three-quarters of miners across the country 301 00:20:56,600 --> 00:20:57,734 joined the strike. 302 00:20:58,867 --> 00:21:02,867 At Clipstone, Doug himself was in the minority 303 00:21:02,867 --> 00:21:05,400 as most chose to continue working. 304 00:21:07,667 --> 00:21:11,667 [Dominic] Thatcher seized on this by idolizing the working miners, 305 00:21:11,667 --> 00:21:15,166 describing them as heroes who simply wanted to go to work 306 00:21:15,166 --> 00:21:18,800 rather than submit to the threats of the strikers. 307 00:21:18,800 --> 00:21:22,667 Reports appear of those who have been intimidated 308 00:21:22,667 --> 00:21:25,700 because they seek to go to their place of work, 309 00:21:25,700 --> 00:21:30,166 -to pursue their occupation and to support their family. -[crowd applauding] 310 00:21:30,166 --> 00:21:32,467 [crowd clamoring] 311 00:21:32,467 --> 00:21:35,467 [narrator] As well as attempting to divide the miners, 312 00:21:35,467 --> 00:21:39,800 Thatcher mobilized an army of police. 313 00:21:39,800 --> 00:21:44,867 The dispute was threatening to escalate into all-out war. 314 00:21:45,567 --> 00:21:47,667 [dramatic instrumental music] 315 00:21:53,467 --> 00:21:55,800 [tense instrumental music] 316 00:21:55,800 --> 00:21:57,400 [narrator] In 1984, 317 00:21:57,400 --> 00:22:00,066 Clipstone coal mine was at the heart 318 00:22:00,066 --> 00:22:03,166 of a battle between British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher 319 00:22:03,166 --> 00:22:07,667 and the coal miners' union, or NUM. 320 00:22:07,667 --> 00:22:12,667 The Iron Lady unleashed an army of police to crush a national strike 321 00:22:12,667 --> 00:22:14,500 and break the pickets. 322 00:22:15,667 --> 00:22:17,900 [Rob] They set up roadblocks throughout Nottinghamshire 323 00:22:17,900 --> 00:22:21,100 to prevent any suspected strikers from traveling. 324 00:22:21,100 --> 00:22:23,500 [tense instrumental music] 325 00:22:23,500 --> 00:22:27,266 [narrator] Clipstone continued to operate under police protection, 326 00:22:27,266 --> 00:22:30,200 and the entire village was locked down. 327 00:22:32,300 --> 00:22:36,400 [Doug speaking] 328 00:22:46,800 --> 00:22:49,567 [Luke] Some criticized Thatcher for using the police 329 00:22:49,567 --> 00:22:51,867 as a paramilitary wing of the state. 330 00:22:53,567 --> 00:22:56,266 [Doug speaking] 331 00:23:05,867 --> 00:23:09,567 [narrator] Scenes of violence played out on TV screens every night, 332 00:23:09,567 --> 00:23:12,367 shocking the British public. 333 00:23:12,367 --> 00:23:14,000 [newsreader] Nearly 300 were arrested 334 00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:17,667 and more than 200 pickets and policemen injured. 335 00:23:17,667 --> 00:23:20,567 But an ugly streak of violence 336 00:23:20,567 --> 00:23:24,300 has disfigured our television screens night after night. 337 00:23:25,800 --> 00:23:29,367 [narrator] Many strikers felt the police were unnecessarily brutal, 338 00:23:29,367 --> 00:23:32,266 with beatings and random arrests, 339 00:23:32,266 --> 00:23:34,367 something Doug personally witnessed. 340 00:23:37,567 --> 00:23:38,800 [Doug speaking] 341 00:24:02,700 --> 00:24:05,300 [tense instrumental music] 342 00:24:05,300 --> 00:24:07,400 [narrator] Thatcher had also changed the law 343 00:24:07,400 --> 00:24:13,166 so that strikers' families were prevented from receiving emergency benefits. 344 00:24:13,166 --> 00:24:15,967 [reporter] The Leightons and other striking families have flocked together 345 00:24:15,967 --> 00:24:18,000 to make sure they have all they need. 346 00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:21,567 [narrator] The families of strikers like Doug 347 00:24:21,567 --> 00:24:25,100 were forced to rely on the NUM's charity soup kitchens. 348 00:24:26,567 --> 00:24:30,200 [Rob] But the union's charity funds had almost run out. 349 00:24:30,200 --> 00:24:34,600 More and more desperate miners were starting to return to work. 350 00:24:36,667 --> 00:24:40,066 [narrator] The strike had lasted an entire year. 351 00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:48,367 In the years after the strike, the pace of closures was accelerated, 352 00:24:48,367 --> 00:24:53,667 with many pit villages falling into deep poverty. 353 00:24:53,667 --> 00:24:58,300 [narrator] Clipstone survived this turbulent period and continued operating, 354 00:24:58,300 --> 00:25:00,400 but with a much smaller workforce, 355 00:25:00,400 --> 00:25:03,567 before closing down in 2003. 356 00:25:08,767 --> 00:25:12,467 Today, there are just a handful of coal mines in Britain 357 00:25:12,467 --> 00:25:15,266 employing less than 500 people. 358 00:25:16,767 --> 00:25:19,967 But Clipstone is set to find new life 359 00:25:19,967 --> 00:25:22,467 as an event center and museum. 360 00:25:29,867 --> 00:25:32,166 In southwest Tennessee, 361 00:25:32,166 --> 00:25:37,800 a monolithic structure towers over a city with a proud musical heritage. 362 00:25:40,166 --> 00:25:42,200 [instrumental country music] 363 00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:46,000 [Hadley] Memphis is a bustling town on the Mississippi River, 364 00:25:46,000 --> 00:25:49,900 and it's filled with country music and blues and jazz. 365 00:25:49,900 --> 00:25:54,000 And it's a really vibrant, happening city. 366 00:25:54,000 --> 00:25:58,567 More than anything, it is known as the birthplace of rock 'n' roll. 367 00:26:03,900 --> 00:26:08,000 Right in the heart of it all is this towering monolith. 368 00:26:08,000 --> 00:26:09,967 It is an imposing structure. 369 00:26:09,967 --> 00:26:13,767 It looks strong and sturdy. 370 00:26:15,100 --> 00:26:19,467 Trying to piece together what this place was used for isn't easy. 371 00:26:19,467 --> 00:26:22,867 There are dentist's chairs, old medical equipment, 372 00:26:22,867 --> 00:26:25,967 signs for attorneys' offices, collection offices, 373 00:26:25,967 --> 00:26:30,166 There's even a bathroom with leopard print wallpaper on the walls. 374 00:26:32,066 --> 00:26:35,100 [narrator] Once known as the Queen of Memphis, 375 00:26:35,100 --> 00:26:39,166 this place attracted rock 'n' roll royalty. 376 00:26:39,166 --> 00:26:42,000 [Stuart] He had a company called Stars Inc. on the 19th floor, 377 00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:45,567 and he was the manager of Elvis Presley and Johnny Cash. 378 00:26:47,100 --> 00:26:48,667 [Michele] This was the biggest, the best, 379 00:26:48,667 --> 00:26:52,200 the most luxurious building Memphis had ever seen. 380 00:26:53,400 --> 00:26:57,000 [narrator] It was designed as a monument to success, 381 00:26:57,000 --> 00:27:02,266 but its founders sowed the seeds of its destruction at its inception. 382 00:27:02,266 --> 00:27:05,066 [Alicia] This is where they made a crucial mistake, 383 00:27:05,066 --> 00:27:09,767 and it was one that would haunt the building for the rest of its life. 384 00:27:09,767 --> 00:27:11,800 [dramatic instrumental music] 385 00:27:16,166 --> 00:27:18,200 [tense instrumental music] 386 00:27:19,567 --> 00:27:21,266 [narrator] Like many locals, 387 00:27:21,266 --> 00:27:26,600 Stuart Harris was drawn to the mystery of this vast, cavernous structure. 388 00:27:27,667 --> 00:27:31,100 He still remembers the day it was closed down. 389 00:27:32,567 --> 00:27:35,567 [Stuart] The building was abandoned when I was nine years old. 390 00:27:37,100 --> 00:27:39,867 And I always wondered what was going on in there. 391 00:27:40,867 --> 00:27:42,967 It stood out to me as being very unique. 392 00:27:42,967 --> 00:27:45,367 It felt almost like a 30-story haunted house. 393 00:27:47,500 --> 00:27:49,667 [narrator] While it looks monolithic, 394 00:27:49,667 --> 00:27:52,867 it's packed full of surprises. 395 00:27:55,300 --> 00:27:58,700 [Stuart] So, after decades of wondering what the inside looked like, 396 00:27:58,700 --> 00:28:01,767 I had an opportunity to visit it. 397 00:28:01,767 --> 00:28:05,333 And it was so mysterious and, in some ways, not at all what I expected. 398 00:28:07,767 --> 00:28:10,200 When it was built, this lobby was neo-Gothic. 399 00:28:10,200 --> 00:28:11,767 It was very grand. 400 00:28:11,767 --> 00:28:16,867 High ceilings, bronze rosettes, leaded glass. 401 00:28:16,867 --> 00:28:18,166 No expense spared. 402 00:28:19,200 --> 00:28:22,467 [narrator] The concept was a city within a city. 403 00:28:23,967 --> 00:28:27,967 An office block that had everything a worker might need, 404 00:28:27,967 --> 00:28:31,467 all housed in one building. 405 00:28:31,467 --> 00:28:36,967 [Stuart] It had a cigar stand, a newsstand, barber shop, beauty shop, 406 00:28:36,967 --> 00:28:41,500 lawyers, dentists, doctors, everything you could possibly imagine. 407 00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:47,700 [narrator] $2.5 million were pumped into its construction, 408 00:28:47,700 --> 00:28:50,467 which began in 1928. 409 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:55,266 Its owners were two wealthy Texans, 410 00:28:55,266 --> 00:28:59,300 Ross S. Sterling and Wyatt Hedrick. 411 00:28:59,300 --> 00:29:01,867 They decided to merge their last names, 412 00:29:01,867 --> 00:29:04,500 and the Sterick Building was born. 413 00:29:06,100 --> 00:29:11,400 900 offices accommodating 5,000 office workers, 414 00:29:11,400 --> 00:29:15,233 spread across 29 floors. 415 00:29:17,667 --> 00:29:20,767 It was born in the Roaring Twenties... 416 00:29:20,767 --> 00:29:22,800 [upbeat jazz music] 417 00:29:22,800 --> 00:29:26,967 ...an era sometimes known as the Jazz Age. 418 00:29:28,266 --> 00:29:30,200 [Hadley] Memphis is absolutely booming, 419 00:29:30,200 --> 00:29:33,467 and it's the center of the cotton trade. 420 00:29:33,467 --> 00:29:37,767 Between 1880 and 1920, over 70% of the cotton in America 421 00:29:37,767 --> 00:29:42,166 was harvested within 200 miles of Memphis. 422 00:29:42,166 --> 00:29:45,166 And that meant a lot of money, and a lot of jobs, 423 00:29:45,166 --> 00:29:48,200 and a lot of new buildings. 424 00:29:48,200 --> 00:29:53,467 [narrator] This real estate boom was seized on by Sterling and Hedrick. 425 00:29:53,467 --> 00:29:57,166 And being Texans, and Texans either go big or go home, 426 00:29:57,166 --> 00:29:59,567 they decided they were gonna make a splash, 427 00:29:59,567 --> 00:30:03,567 and they picked the busiest corner in central downtown, 428 00:30:03,567 --> 00:30:05,900 the corner of Madison and Third Street, 429 00:30:05,900 --> 00:30:07,367 which is now BB King. 430 00:30:09,266 --> 00:30:13,300 One of the things they added were eight high-speed elevators. 431 00:30:13,300 --> 00:30:18,567 These elevators were manned by eight ladies in dresses and bows 432 00:30:18,567 --> 00:30:20,367 who would greet visitors 433 00:30:20,367 --> 00:30:25,066 and act almost as a concierge to take them to whatever floor they were visiting. 434 00:30:29,767 --> 00:30:34,166 By the '40s and '50s, this building is absolutely at full occupancy. 435 00:30:35,300 --> 00:30:37,266 [narrator] Among these occupants 436 00:30:37,266 --> 00:30:39,667 were some famous rock 'n' rollers, 437 00:30:48,367 --> 00:30:51,000 [narrator] A dilapidated tower in Memphis, 438 00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:53,767 designed as a city within a city, 439 00:30:53,767 --> 00:30:58,100 once hosted an eclectic mix of businesses. 440 00:30:58,100 --> 00:31:01,100 Sterick was home to lots of local radio stations, 441 00:31:01,100 --> 00:31:05,367 and it was also where Bob Neal, a famous early DJ, 442 00:31:05,367 --> 00:31:08,166 had his offices and studios. 443 00:31:09,667 --> 00:31:12,300 He had a company called Stars Inc. on the 19th floor, 444 00:31:12,300 --> 00:31:17,367 and he was the manager of Elvis Presley and Johnny Cash. 445 00:31:17,367 --> 00:31:21,667 [narrator] He set up the King's first live performance here in Memphis 446 00:31:21,667 --> 00:31:23,867 and put on local variety shows 447 00:31:23,867 --> 00:31:27,266 where you can see these soon-to-be global superstars 448 00:31:27,266 --> 00:31:29,567 for just 50 cents a ticket. 449 00:31:31,100 --> 00:31:34,767 [Stuart] Bob helped Elvis found Elvis Presley Enterprises, 450 00:31:34,767 --> 00:31:37,767 and is the managing company of Graceland, 451 00:31:37,767 --> 00:31:41,100 Elvis's mansion in South Memphis. 452 00:31:42,266 --> 00:31:45,467 [narrator] But with Elvis clearly heading for the big time, 453 00:31:45,467 --> 00:31:48,367 Neal, tired of life on the road, 454 00:31:48,367 --> 00:31:51,400 decided not to renew his contract, 455 00:31:51,400 --> 00:31:56,066 and the now-infamous Colonel Tom Parker took over. 456 00:31:58,500 --> 00:32:03,567 Times were good, and the owner of the Empire State Building bought the tower. 457 00:32:05,100 --> 00:32:08,967 But urban depopulation that impacted cities across America 458 00:32:08,967 --> 00:32:11,367 in the 1960s and '70s 459 00:32:11,367 --> 00:32:13,266 was compounded in Memphis 460 00:32:13,266 --> 00:32:18,500 by the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in 1968. 461 00:32:18,500 --> 00:32:21,200 [dramatic instrumental music] 462 00:32:21,200 --> 00:32:25,567 [Alicia] As more people began to leave the city and move to the suburbs 463 00:32:25,567 --> 00:32:28,367 or take their offices elsewhere, 464 00:32:28,367 --> 00:32:33,467 it really began this process of a death by a thousand cuts. 465 00:32:33,467 --> 00:32:37,767 [narrator] In 1973, the bank foreclosed on the property, 466 00:32:37,767 --> 00:32:40,066 and it was taken back by the lender. 467 00:32:41,166 --> 00:32:44,166 This brought attention to the original contract 468 00:32:44,166 --> 00:32:47,967 signed by Sterling and Hedrick in 1926. 469 00:32:49,166 --> 00:32:51,367 And it was far from conventional. 470 00:32:52,767 --> 00:32:56,467 [Hadley] So, incredibly, they didn't buy the land 471 00:32:56,467 --> 00:32:58,166 where their skyscraper would be. 472 00:32:58,166 --> 00:33:02,400 They simply leased it for 99 years. 473 00:33:02,400 --> 00:33:05,200 [Stuart] If anyone wanted to make improvements to this building, 474 00:33:05,200 --> 00:33:09,500 why would they wanna do that when, in 2025, 475 00:33:09,500 --> 00:33:13,066 all of the improvements, every dime they spent on the building, 476 00:33:13,066 --> 00:33:16,500 would go entirely back to the family that owned the land. 477 00:33:16,500 --> 00:33:18,467 No one was willing to make that investment. 478 00:33:19,867 --> 00:33:22,367 [narrator] But Stuart is part of an ownership group 479 00:33:22,367 --> 00:33:26,700 that has managed to break the curse of the 99-year lease. 480 00:33:28,800 --> 00:33:32,000 [Stuart] In 2023, 481 00:33:32,000 --> 00:33:34,300 we were able to come to an agreement with all parties 482 00:33:34,300 --> 00:33:38,100 to dissolve the entire lease structure 483 00:33:38,100 --> 00:33:40,800 and create a fee simple structure of ownership, 484 00:33:40,800 --> 00:33:43,400 so that lease is no longer standing. 485 00:33:43,400 --> 00:33:45,467 [tense instrumental music] 486 00:33:52,767 --> 00:33:57,467 [narrator] Plans are under way to convert the tower into an apartment block 487 00:33:57,467 --> 00:34:01,000 combined with hotels and restaurants. 488 00:34:02,467 --> 00:34:05,266 [Stuart] We really hope that it's gonna be a catalytic project 489 00:34:05,266 --> 00:34:09,200 that really radiates activity from here around the neighborhood, 490 00:34:09,200 --> 00:34:12,767 and really affects the core of downtown Memphis. 491 00:34:12,767 --> 00:34:14,867 [tense instrumental music] 492 00:34:19,467 --> 00:34:23,867 [narrator] On the outskirts of Kuala Terengganu in eastern Malaysia 493 00:34:23,867 --> 00:34:28,266 the bustling urban sprawl quickly gives way to nature. 494 00:34:34,667 --> 00:34:37,500 [Alexis] You don't have to stray too far from the city 495 00:34:37,500 --> 00:34:40,667 before things start getting very remote. 496 00:34:40,667 --> 00:34:43,900 I'm talking hot, dense jungle. 497 00:34:46,266 --> 00:34:49,867 [Sascha] In a small clearing set back from a winding river, 498 00:34:49,867 --> 00:34:53,367 you come across a curious collection of wooden buildings. 499 00:34:55,367 --> 00:34:58,767 [narrator] Seven different structures set on stilts 500 00:34:58,767 --> 00:35:00,867 are connected by walkways. 501 00:35:02,300 --> 00:35:05,567 [Alexis] The construction looks old-fashioned, 502 00:35:05,567 --> 00:35:09,367 but the fact that it's made of timber makes it really hard to date it. 503 00:35:11,500 --> 00:35:13,367 [narrator] In this tropical climate, 504 00:35:13,367 --> 00:35:18,000 nature is rapidly reclaiming what once belonged to the jungle. 505 00:35:19,667 --> 00:35:22,000 [Katherine] So, some of the planks have rotted away. 506 00:35:22,000 --> 00:35:23,767 The structure is starting to collapse. 507 00:35:24,967 --> 00:35:28,300 And it's just really hard to tell what it was used for. 508 00:35:30,767 --> 00:35:32,367 [Lucienne Loh] However, when you enter the building, 509 00:35:32,367 --> 00:35:35,166 there are surprising signs of modernity. 510 00:35:35,166 --> 00:35:38,367 You look around and you see beautifully tiled bathrooms, 511 00:35:38,367 --> 00:35:41,700 a fridge, even an air conditioning unit. 512 00:35:41,700 --> 00:35:45,200 It's also filled with the remnants of what looks to be, perhaps, 513 00:35:45,200 --> 00:35:47,767 some textile industry. 514 00:35:47,767 --> 00:35:50,200 [Katherine] This was much more than just a home. 515 00:35:50,200 --> 00:35:54,166 This was one man's dream to safeguard his nation's heritage. 516 00:35:55,166 --> 00:35:57,500 [narrator] But when tragedy struck, 517 00:35:57,500 --> 00:35:59,867 his vision was shattered. 518 00:36:05,166 --> 00:36:07,266 [intriguing instrumental music] 519 00:36:10,767 --> 00:36:13,100 [Syed Mohd Hanafiah] I first came here in 1992. 520 00:36:14,166 --> 00:36:16,300 There was nothing but the jungle. 521 00:36:20,600 --> 00:36:22,800 [narrator] Syed Hanafiah is a carpenter 522 00:36:22,800 --> 00:36:27,200 and helped construct this complex with Tengku Ismail, 523 00:36:27,200 --> 00:36:30,834 the man behind a bold and unusual vision. 524 00:36:33,266 --> 00:36:37,567 [Hanafiah] Tengku Ismail was warm and friendly to the people, 525 00:36:37,567 --> 00:36:41,467 approachable and very easy to talk to. 526 00:36:43,900 --> 00:36:46,367 [narrator] He may have been a man of the people, 527 00:36:46,367 --> 00:36:48,266 but he came from royalty. 528 00:36:50,000 --> 00:36:52,867 Tengku actually means prince, which is what he was. 529 00:36:52,867 --> 00:36:56,500 He was a prince of the local Terengganu royal family. 530 00:36:58,667 --> 00:37:02,500 [narrator] While his great grandfather, Sultan Zainal Abidin III 531 00:37:02,500 --> 00:37:05,266 had ruled over the entire Terengganu province, 532 00:37:05,266 --> 00:37:09,100 Ismail was far removed from the direct line to the throne. 533 00:37:10,166 --> 00:37:12,567 [Alexis] Tengku Ismail was born in the 1950s, 534 00:37:12,567 --> 00:37:15,967 and being the second cousin to the ruling sultan, 535 00:37:15,967 --> 00:37:19,266 you know, he was in no danger of becoming king. 536 00:37:19,266 --> 00:37:21,767 But he still grew up with all the trappings 537 00:37:21,767 --> 00:37:25,166 of being in an aristocratic family. 538 00:37:25,166 --> 00:37:30,300 [narrator] That included living in his great grandfather's royal palace. 539 00:37:30,300 --> 00:37:35,266 There, he fell in love with the traditional Malay architecture and culture, 540 00:37:35,266 --> 00:37:37,467 including songket, 541 00:37:37,467 --> 00:37:41,166 a traditional cloth sewn in silk or cotton, 542 00:37:41,166 --> 00:37:44,467 then highlighted with gold or silver thread 543 00:37:44,467 --> 00:37:48,200 to create a silky metallic fabric. 544 00:37:48,200 --> 00:37:55,266 [Alexis] In 1970, that passion took him to the Osaka Expo in Japan, 545 00:37:55,266 --> 00:37:57,767 where he not only represented Malaysia, 546 00:37:57,767 --> 00:38:03,166 but he also displayed the songket cloth for the world. 547 00:38:03,166 --> 00:38:08,567 [narrator] While in Japan, he took the opportunity to visit the Nijo-jo Palace, 548 00:38:08,567 --> 00:38:11,266 built in 1603. 549 00:38:11,266 --> 00:38:14,166 It was a transformative moment. 550 00:38:14,166 --> 00:38:16,467 [Loh] He was so impressed by what he saw 551 00:38:16,467 --> 00:38:18,700 and the way that these wooden structures were preserved 552 00:38:18,700 --> 00:38:21,900 that he decided he would do the same thing for his own cultural heritage. 553 00:38:21,900 --> 00:38:24,900 [intriguing instrumental music] 554 00:38:27,367 --> 00:38:29,667 [Hanafiah] Tengku Ismail once lamented to me 555 00:38:29,667 --> 00:38:33,700 that the traditional Terengganu houses were going extinct. 556 00:38:33,700 --> 00:38:35,900 He wanted to preserve them. 557 00:38:40,467 --> 00:38:45,266 [narrator] So, he decided to salvage traditional Terengganu homes 558 00:38:45,266 --> 00:38:47,767 and unify them into one structure. 559 00:38:47,767 --> 00:38:51,367 to imitate an 18th century royal palace, 560 00:38:51,367 --> 00:38:54,700 just like the one he grew up in. 561 00:38:54,700 --> 00:38:59,767 The ambitious project was called Pura Tanjung Sabtu, 562 00:38:59,767 --> 00:39:02,567 which is a combination of the local village name 563 00:39:02,567 --> 00:39:05,100 and the word for palace. 564 00:39:05,100 --> 00:39:08,600 In 1992, he began scouring Terengganu 565 00:39:08,600 --> 00:39:11,200 for these traditional wooden houses. 566 00:39:12,667 --> 00:39:17,467 These very old houses are put together with no nails, no screws. 567 00:39:17,467 --> 00:39:22,400 It's just been all cut and built by very skilled workers. 568 00:39:22,400 --> 00:39:26,100 So, what he has to do is take them all apart, 569 00:39:26,100 --> 00:39:28,166 transport them to his space 570 00:39:28,166 --> 00:39:29,800 and, then, put them all together. 571 00:39:31,100 --> 00:39:35,000 [Sascha] So, the carpenters have to be extremely skilled 572 00:39:35,000 --> 00:39:37,166 at cutting the different wooden pieces, 573 00:39:37,166 --> 00:39:41,100 so they slide together and fit snugly without seam or lock. 574 00:39:42,667 --> 00:39:44,400 [narrator] Part of Ismail's project 575 00:39:44,400 --> 00:39:48,000 was attempting to revive his beloved songket. 576 00:39:50,066 --> 00:39:53,166 [Alexis] On the ground floor, he had an entire area 577 00:39:53,166 --> 00:39:57,900 dedicated to the manufacture and display of the fabric. 578 00:39:59,166 --> 00:40:01,967 [narrator] When complete in 1996, 579 00:40:01,967 --> 00:40:04,767 it opened as his personal residence, 580 00:40:04,767 --> 00:40:08,567 but also a museum and a hotel. 581 00:40:08,567 --> 00:40:12,000 [sweeping instrumental music] 582 00:40:12,000 --> 00:40:17,100 And in 2007, his efforts appeared to have paid off. 583 00:40:17,100 --> 00:40:20,900 He was nominated for the Aga Khan Architecture Award. 584 00:40:22,100 --> 00:40:24,767 The awards celebrate design excellence 585 00:40:24,767 --> 00:40:28,000 in societies with predominantly Muslim populations. 586 00:40:29,166 --> 00:40:30,467 [Sascha] Tengku Ismail described it 587 00:40:30,467 --> 00:40:32,667 as one of the happiest moments of his life. 588 00:40:32,667 --> 00:40:35,900 Finally, it seemed as if everything was coming together. 589 00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:40,967 [narrator] In June, 2011, the prince traveled to London 590 00:40:40,967 --> 00:40:43,667 for a popular international weaving exhibition. 591 00:40:45,000 --> 00:40:47,800 Held at the School of Traditional Arts, 592 00:40:47,800 --> 00:40:52,100 and supported by King Charles III's charitable foundation, 593 00:40:52,100 --> 00:40:56,166 his songket collection was a central feature. 594 00:40:56,166 --> 00:41:01,467 But, tragically, the prince died of a heart attack before he left London, 595 00:41:01,467 --> 00:41:06,767 and his beloved palace has since fallen into disrepair. 596 00:41:13,867 --> 00:41:17,567 [Sascha] There was some talk of turning it into a heritage site 597 00:41:17,567 --> 00:41:19,166 that tourists could visit. 598 00:41:19,166 --> 00:41:22,567 But until someone's willing to fund that enterprise, 599 00:41:22,567 --> 00:41:24,700 it will continue to decompose. 58075

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