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'I was just off the coast of
the beautiful island of Barbados,
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'at the eastern edge of the
Caribbean.
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'With glorious beaches and fabulous
villas,
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00:00:26,840 --> 00:00:29,240
'it's the Caribbean of the rich and
the famous.
5
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'But they still let me visit.'
6
00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:41,040
Flipping heck!
7
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That's what you call super-yachts.
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But think of the upkeep.
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Think of all the cleaning.
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'The island is one of the jewels of
the Caribbean,
11
00:00:52,080 --> 00:00:53,800
'a proper bit of paradise.'
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00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:55,720
Goodness me!
13
00:00:57,280 --> 00:00:59,040
Welcome to Barbados.
14
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'Barbados is a major fly and flop
destination for wealthy sun-seekers.
15
00:01:07,400 --> 00:01:09,240
'Tourism's the main money-earner
here,
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'and has made the 285,000 Bajans
17
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'among the richest people in the
region.
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'But an influx of oligarchs
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00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:20,200
'and movie stars buying homes has
caused friction.
20
00:01:20,240 --> 00:01:23,760
'On the best beaches, locals are now
almost invisible.
21
00:01:23,800 --> 00:01:27,840
'Many say they've been pushed out by
property developers.
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00:01:27,880 --> 00:01:30,040
'I went to meet one man who's
holding out
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'against the tide of
gentrification.'
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00:01:33,640 --> 00:01:35,000
All right. Hello, sir.
25
00:01:35,040 --> 00:01:36,520
Simon Reeve, BBC.
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00:01:36,560 --> 00:01:38,640
Pleased to meet you.
Lovely to meet you too, sir.
27
00:01:38,680 --> 00:01:40,760
Yeah, come right in.
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Neville Ifill lives in a house
his grandparents bought.
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DOG BARKS
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You're going to show us the beach.
OK, after you.
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Mr Ifill, this is very nice.
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A cool spot.
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Can I ask, do you know how much
money your grandma paid
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for this plot of land, for the house
originally?
35
00:02:06,600 --> 00:02:08,200
$24?
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00:02:08,240 --> 00:02:09,400
...four dollars.
37
00:02:14,680 --> 00:02:17,880
And was this a less fashionable...
38
00:02:17,920 --> 00:02:19,520
A cheaper place to buy then?
39
00:02:19,560 --> 00:02:20,680
Yeah. Yeah.
40
00:02:21,720 --> 00:02:24,840
In the past, much of this area was
swampy mangroves
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00:02:24,880 --> 00:02:28,440
and only the poorest folk lived by
the beach.
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00:02:28,480 --> 00:02:30,920
Now, this is one of the most
expensive,
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00:02:30,960 --> 00:02:33,600
valuable bits of land on planet
Earth.
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00:02:33,640 --> 00:02:37,000
Ironically, when slavery ended here
black Bajans could only
45
00:02:37,040 --> 00:02:40,640
afford homes along what's become the
Platinum Coast.
46
00:02:40,680 --> 00:02:44,040
Now, villas are replacing
traditional homes.
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00:02:44,080 --> 00:02:47,360
Paths giving beach access to all are
disappearing.
48
00:02:47,400 --> 00:02:50,040
Some locals complain they've been
purged from the landscape.
49
00:02:52,360 --> 00:02:53,480
Is that how it feels?
50
00:02:58,000 --> 00:03:01,080
Have people come to you and said,
"Sell us your home"?
51
00:03:08,640 --> 00:03:09,920
$8 million?
52
00:03:09,960 --> 00:03:10,960
US.
53
00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:14,760
Why didn't you want to take
such a large sum?
54
00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:28,840
Yeah, everybody always says, "Oh,
every man has their price"...
55
00:03:28,880 --> 00:03:31,280
Right... but it sounds like you
haven't got one.
56
00:03:31,320 --> 00:03:33,040
You're not selling for anything!
57
00:03:39,520 --> 00:03:42,920
With crazy sums on offer, it's not
surprising many Bajans have
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00:03:42,960 --> 00:03:45,920
sold their simple beach houses and
moved inland.
59
00:03:45,960 --> 00:03:48,400
But it was inspiring to see
Neville's dogged refusal
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00:03:48,440 --> 00:03:50,080
to take the cash.
61
00:03:50,120 --> 00:03:52,440
Money's not everything, after all.
62
00:03:52,480 --> 00:03:54,920
So a lot of people might think it's
completely mad to
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00:03:54,960 --> 00:03:59,560
turn down a multimillion pound
offer for what is a fairly
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00:03:59,600 --> 00:04:03,280
small patch of land, but if you're
in love with
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00:04:03,320 --> 00:04:06,320
a piece of paradise like this,
66
00:04:06,360 --> 00:04:08,800
you can't really put a price on it.
67
00:04:08,840 --> 00:04:10,360
Look at that!
68
00:04:14,480 --> 00:04:16,640
'Of course, the seas around the
Caribbean
69
00:04:16,680 --> 00:04:18,960
'offer much more than just a lovely
view.
70
00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:21,880
'Beneath the waves, the coral reef
off Barbados
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00:04:21,920 --> 00:04:23,840
'is a haven of bio-diversity.
72
00:04:23,880 --> 00:04:28,400
'Like coral reef around the world,
it's critical to life in our oceans.
73
00:04:28,440 --> 00:04:32,200
'I went to meet Andre Miller, a
local marine biologist.'
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00:04:32,240 --> 00:04:33,600
Permission to come aboard.
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00:04:33,640 --> 00:04:35,680
- - Come aboard.
- Andre.
- Simon.
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00:04:35,720 --> 00:04:38,080
Hello. Simon Reeve. Hello.
Nice to meet you, brother.
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00:04:38,120 --> 00:04:40,200
Nice to meet you too. Thank you for
having us.
78
00:04:40,240 --> 00:04:42,320
'We headed out towards some of the
most beautiful
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00:04:42,360 --> 00:04:44,200
'dive sites on the planet.'
80
00:05:01,720 --> 00:05:05,560
'Coral reefs cover much less
than 1% of the ocean floor,
81
00:05:05,600 --> 00:05:09,240
'but support more than a quarter of
all marine life.
82
00:05:09,280 --> 00:05:11,280
'They act as nurseries for bigger
fish
83
00:05:11,320 --> 00:05:14,160
'and feeding ground for the larger
species,
84
00:05:14,200 --> 00:05:17,520
'so damage to a reef is a huge
threat to life in our oceans.
85
00:05:22,960 --> 00:05:26,440
'But now, more than three-quarters
of the world's reefs are at risk
86
00:05:26,480 --> 00:05:30,440
'of severe decline, threatened by
pollution and our changing climate.
87
00:05:38,280 --> 00:05:41,040
'Here in the Caribbean there's
an additional villain.
88
00:05:42,200 --> 00:05:45,200
'It's called the lionfish.
89
00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:49,160
'It's a stunning creature with
an array of venomous spines.
90
00:05:49,200 --> 00:05:54,520
'Lionfish shouldn't be here. Their
natural home is the Indo-Pacific.
91
00:05:54,560 --> 00:05:57,440
'Scientists think they first got
here in the ballast tanks of ships
92
00:05:57,480 --> 00:06:00,120
'or after being released from
aquariums.
93
00:06:00,160 --> 00:06:03,640
'The trouble is, lionfish have a
voracious appetite for the
94
00:06:03,680 --> 00:06:08,640
'young of almost every other fish,
and virtually nothing eats them.'
95
00:06:08,680 --> 00:06:11,400
They have, when grown, no natural
predators.
96
00:06:11,440 --> 00:06:14,560
Every single day, they can eat half
their body weight.
97
00:06:14,600 --> 00:06:17,960
They can clean up a reef and remove
all of the natural fish.
98
00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:20,680
When we dissect these fish we find
every species of
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00:06:20,720 --> 00:06:22,480
reef fish inside their stomachs.
100
00:06:22,520 --> 00:06:25,640
Are you really quite worried, then,
about what they're going to do here?
101
00:06:25,680 --> 00:06:27,160
We are extremely worried.
102
00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:29,840
If we don't do something now, in a
few years
103
00:06:29,880 --> 00:06:32,040
we might just be diving and looking
at lionfish.
104
00:06:35,600 --> 00:06:39,640
'A few years ago I saw lionfish far
to the north in the Bahamas,
105
00:06:39,680 --> 00:06:42,560
'while I was travelling around the
Tropic of Cancer.
106
00:06:42,600 --> 00:06:45,240
'Since then, their numbers have
exploded
107
00:06:45,280 --> 00:06:47,720
'and they've spread across the
Caribbean.
108
00:06:51,120 --> 00:06:54,000
'They pose such a threat to reefs
that Andre and other
109
00:06:54,040 --> 00:06:58,560
'scientists have decided the only
way to stop them is to kill them.'
110
00:07:02,680 --> 00:07:05,520
'He gave me a bit of training and
asked me to help.
111
00:07:05,560 --> 00:07:08,280
'Conservationists don't enjoy taking
life,
112
00:07:08,320 --> 00:07:11,240
'but as we've introduced lionfish to
the Caribbean,
113
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'many argue it's our responsibility
114
00:07:13,440 --> 00:07:16,160
'to stop them destroying
this fragile ecosystem.'
115
00:07:17,400 --> 00:07:19,280
Good job, first I must say.
116
00:07:19,320 --> 00:07:20,600
Well, thank you.
117
00:07:20,640 --> 00:07:22,800
You filled up a container. Good job.
118
00:07:36,400 --> 00:07:39,440
'I continued my journey
around the Caribbean Sea,
119
00:07:39,480 --> 00:07:42,520
'heading to the nearby island of St
Vincent.
120
00:07:42,560 --> 00:07:44,200
'It's part of a chain of islands
121
00:07:44,240 --> 00:07:46,720
'with a population of around a
100,000,
122
00:07:46,760 --> 00:07:50,000
'which have only been an independent
nation since 1979.'
123
00:07:53,320 --> 00:07:55,600
So we've managed to get the only
trolley
124
00:07:55,640 --> 00:07:58,760
in St Vincent Airport, luckily.
125
00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:00,440
Who's this gentleman?
126
00:08:01,800 --> 00:08:03,440
- Hello.
- Hey.
127
00:08:03,480 --> 00:08:05,560
- Are you Tari?
- Yes, I'm Tari.
128
00:08:05,600 --> 00:08:07,640
Hello, Tari. Simon Reeve. Nice to
meet you.
129
00:08:07,680 --> 00:08:08,800
Oh, Tari, yeah.
130
00:08:08,840 --> 00:08:10,960
We're going to be together for a few
days, Tari.
131
00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:13,640
OK, that's great. I'm looking
forward to that.
132
00:08:15,960 --> 00:08:18,400
'The island is rugged and beautiful,
133
00:08:18,440 --> 00:08:21,840
'with an active volcano to the north
that Tari took me to see.
134
00:08:26,400 --> 00:08:30,680
'St Vincent was a British colony on
and off for more than 200 years.
135
00:08:30,720 --> 00:08:33,160
'We filled it with slaves
and plantations.
136
00:08:35,480 --> 00:08:38,880
'St Vincent is poorer than Barbados,
with average incomes of less
137
00:08:38,920 --> 00:08:42,080
'than £100 a week, and it gets a lot
less tourism.'
138
00:08:43,760 --> 00:08:46,920
So this sand isn't the traditional
golden sand
139
00:08:46,960 --> 00:08:50,720
that many tourists expect when
they're on holiday.
140
00:08:50,760 --> 00:08:53,360
It's not so fantastic for the
tourism industry here,
141
00:08:53,400 --> 00:08:56,360
but the volcano
142
00:08:56,400 --> 00:09:00,160
is certainly very good at pumping
out nutrients.
143
00:09:00,200 --> 00:09:04,080
I mean, the soil here is very rich,
very fertile.
144
00:09:08,320 --> 00:09:11,280
'That fertile volcanic soil provides
the island with
145
00:09:11,320 --> 00:09:12,800
'most of its earnings.
146
00:09:14,520 --> 00:09:18,040
'For decades, bananas were St
Vincent's single biggest export,
147
00:09:18,080 --> 00:09:19,800
'but not any more.'
148
00:09:21,640 --> 00:09:23,320
Oh...
149
00:09:23,360 --> 00:09:25,920
So now we start to climb the
volcano.
150
00:09:25,960 --> 00:09:28,960
'But we weren't going up to peer in
to a crater.
151
00:09:29,000 --> 00:09:30,800
'With the help of the volcanic soil,
152
00:09:30,840 --> 00:09:34,520
'many farmers in this area are
turning to a more illicit crop -
153
00:09:34,560 --> 00:09:35,920
'marijuana.'
154
00:09:37,080 --> 00:09:39,760
'The US government says St Vincent
is the source
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'of the majority of cannabis in the
Caribbean
156
00:09:42,480 --> 00:09:45,320
'and we were heading to the secret
farms where it's grown.'
157
00:09:46,360 --> 00:09:49,480
It's a hell of an effort to get to
these plantations.
158
00:09:49,520 --> 00:09:52,000
We don't know what sort of reception
we're going to receive
159
00:09:52,040 --> 00:09:53,760
when we get there.
160
00:09:53,800 --> 00:09:55,360
'As in most of the Caribbean,
161
00:09:55,400 --> 00:09:57,880
'growing or using the drug is
illegal here.'
162
00:09:57,920 --> 00:10:00,160
Somebody's helpfully left a rope
here.
163
00:10:03,160 --> 00:10:06,040
'The US military has backed raids on
farms here
164
00:10:06,080 --> 00:10:07,800
'and the destruction of crops.
165
00:10:07,840 --> 00:10:09,280
'As I discovered,
166
00:10:09,320 --> 00:10:12,600
'the marijuana plantations aren't
exactly hard to find.'
167
00:10:12,640 --> 00:10:15,080
Look, I can see a hut just ahead.
168
00:10:15,120 --> 00:10:16,920
And those bushes there.
169
00:10:16,960 --> 00:10:19,000
I think we've reached the
plantations.
170
00:10:19,040 --> 00:10:21,400
This is where they're growing
marijuana.
171
00:10:23,240 --> 00:10:26,480
I can see more acres over there.
172
00:10:26,520 --> 00:10:29,720
There's a shack with more marijuana
up there in the distance,
173
00:10:29,760 --> 00:10:33,200
up here on the hill, down below over
there.
174
00:10:35,240 --> 00:10:37,120
It's quite an extraordinary sight.
175
00:10:37,160 --> 00:10:41,840
It's a sort of hidden, semi-secret
marijuana valley.
176
00:10:44,240 --> 00:10:47,360
'As we got close to another farm,
Tari told us to stay back
177
00:10:47,400 --> 00:10:49,000
'and keep our camera hidden.'
178
00:10:53,160 --> 00:10:55,800
There's a farmer just up ahead with
a field,
179
00:10:55,840 --> 00:10:58,560
and we're hoping we can go and speak
to him
180
00:10:58,600 --> 00:11:00,440
but, not surprisingly,
181
00:11:00,480 --> 00:11:03,480
he's not entirely keen that a TV
crew turn up.
182
00:11:03,520 --> 00:11:06,960
Tari's just going to have a chat
with him, try and negotiate.
183
00:11:10,520 --> 00:11:12,920
- - Oh.
- Simon.
- Yeah?
184
00:11:12,960 --> 00:11:15,640
Let's go, let's go. OK.
185
00:11:24,840 --> 00:11:26,040
That's Simon.
186
00:11:28,040 --> 00:11:31,440
Hello, sir. Simon. Very nice to meet
you.
187
00:11:32,520 --> 00:11:34,880
That's Craig with the camera.
188
00:11:34,920 --> 00:11:37,880
Safe, safe. You're safe, means it's
OK.
189
00:11:37,920 --> 00:11:41,320
'They were a bit camera shy to begin
with, but it wasn't long
190
00:11:41,360 --> 00:11:45,040
'before the farmers produced some
weed, and they all began to relax.'
191
00:11:46,880 --> 00:11:49,600
'Even farmers coming from other
fields didn't seem to
192
00:11:49,640 --> 00:11:51,520
'mind our presence.'
193
00:11:51,560 --> 00:11:54,440
Are you all right there, sir? Good
afternoon to you.
194
00:11:54,480 --> 00:11:56,120
Good afternoon.
195
00:11:56,160 --> 00:11:58,880
Completely different to the reaction
we would get
196
00:11:58,920 --> 00:12:02,000
if we tried to go to marijuana
plantations in Central America,
197
00:12:02,040 --> 00:12:06,840
for example, where we would be quite
likely to encounter guards
198
00:12:06,880 --> 00:12:09,680
with assault rifles, and possibly
would have been shot
199
00:12:09,720 --> 00:12:12,000
twice in the head and dumped by the
side of the road.
200
00:12:12,040 --> 00:12:13,320
There's none of that here.
201
00:12:13,360 --> 00:12:16,920
This is not marijuana being grown by
organised crime,
202
00:12:16,960 --> 00:12:20,200
it's marijuana being grown by
farmers.
203
00:12:20,240 --> 00:12:22,360
'After we'd hung out with them for a
while,
204
00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:24,480
'one of the farmers agreed to talk.'
205
00:12:24,520 --> 00:12:26,960
Do you make a lot of money from
growing marijuana?
206
00:12:33,080 --> 00:12:37,280
Come on, come on. We want to know
whether you're a rich man.
207
00:12:37,320 --> 00:12:39,880
This is a T-shirt that's seen better
days,
208
00:12:39,920 --> 00:12:43,720
but you might have your Armani suit
back at your home.
209
00:12:43,760 --> 00:12:46,920
When you say "a lot of money"
how are you...?
210
00:12:46,960 --> 00:12:48,440
- How are you defining that?
- Yeah.
211
00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:49,960
Yeah, fair point, fair point.
212
00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:52,640
I'm presuming you make a lot more
money growing marijuana than
213
00:12:52,680 --> 00:12:53,840
you do growing bananas?
214
00:12:53,880 --> 00:12:55,120
- Obviously.
- Right.
215
00:13:25,720 --> 00:13:29,640
But nobody's bought a yacht or a
Bentley?
216
00:13:45,760 --> 00:13:49,400
The way you're saying that it's as
if it's just another crop.
217
00:13:51,800 --> 00:13:53,040
A green gold.
218
00:13:53,080 --> 00:13:55,040
It is. It is.
219
00:13:56,680 --> 00:14:01,040
'There are thought to be up to 3,000
cannabis farmers on the island.
220
00:14:01,080 --> 00:14:05,240
'Many are hoping their trade in
green gold will soon be legal.
221
00:14:05,280 --> 00:14:08,600
'There's a global trend towards
decriminalising the growing
222
00:14:08,640 --> 00:14:10,640
'and use of marijuana.
223
00:14:10,680 --> 00:14:13,600
'Farmers here think they're well
placed to export to the US
224
00:14:13,640 --> 00:14:15,840
'and the rest of the world.'
225
00:14:15,880 --> 00:14:18,600
'It's a key issue across
the Caribbean region.'
226
00:14:27,800 --> 00:14:33,040
If it's legalised, you'll be allowed
to legally export it
227
00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:36,200
from St Vincent. You could make a
lot of money from that.
228
00:14:38,080 --> 00:14:39,280
How?
229
00:14:52,480 --> 00:14:55,240
'Think of the Caribbean and you
think of islands,
230
00:14:55,280 --> 00:14:58,600
'but my journey was taking me around
the Caribbean Sea,
231
00:14:58,640 --> 00:15:02,840
'and its waters also lap the beaches
of South and Central America.
232
00:15:02,880 --> 00:15:05,480
'My next stop was Venezuela.'
233
00:15:05,520 --> 00:15:06,520
Ah!
234
00:15:07,960 --> 00:15:09,400
So we've arrived in Venezuela.
235
00:15:09,440 --> 00:15:11,080
You might be wondering why I'm here.
236
00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:13,960
It's not traditionally thought of as
being a Caribbean country,
237
00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:16,360
but it is. And, in fact,
238
00:15:16,400 --> 00:15:21,120
it's got the longest Caribbean Sea
coastline of any nation.
239
00:15:26,920 --> 00:15:30,160
So we're in the car, we're heading
in to Caracas, the capital.
240
00:15:30,200 --> 00:15:34,320
We've got Virginia, who is going to
be guiding us around Venezuela.
241
00:15:34,360 --> 00:15:35,560
Hi.
242
00:15:35,600 --> 00:15:39,120
Did you just say "hi" in a sort of
shy, camera way?
243
00:15:39,160 --> 00:15:40,960
Sort of. I'll get better.
244
00:15:42,800 --> 00:15:45,520
Look at that. You suddenly emerge
into the city.
245
00:15:47,200 --> 00:15:50,560
'Venezuela should be one of the
richest countries on Earth.
246
00:15:50,600 --> 00:15:53,800
'It has the largest proven oil
reserves in the world and has
247
00:15:53,840 --> 00:15:57,440
'earned more than a trillion dollars
from oil in the past 20 years.
248
00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:01,960
'Until a few years ago it was led by
the charismatic left-wing
249
00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:04,320
'firebrand, Hugo Chavez.
250
00:16:04,360 --> 00:16:07,360
'He'd been elected partly as a
reaction against America's
251
00:16:07,400 --> 00:16:10,320
'meddling in South and Central
America.
252
00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:13,640
'Chavez used some of the oil money
to reduce extreme poverty
253
00:16:13,680 --> 00:16:15,960
'and said he'd create a socialist
utopia.
254
00:16:17,160 --> 00:16:19,720
'There is government funded housing
for some,
255
00:16:19,760 --> 00:16:22,760
'yet because of gobsmacking economic
mismanagement
256
00:16:22,800 --> 00:16:27,000
'one in three people in oil-rich
Venezuela are poor.
257
00:16:27,040 --> 00:16:31,200
'Since Chavez died in 2013, things
have gone from bad to worse.
258
00:16:31,240 --> 00:16:33,720
'Venezuela's now a country in
turmoil.'
259
00:16:34,880 --> 00:16:37,840
We need to be a little bit careful
filming out on the street,
260
00:16:37,880 --> 00:16:39,960
I think I'm right in saying. Don't
we, Virginia?
261
00:16:40,000 --> 00:16:43,560
Yes. The first time I came here,
neighbours kept on telling me
262
00:16:43,600 --> 00:16:46,080
to put my camera away because I was
going to be shot from...
263
00:16:46,120 --> 00:16:47,720
You know, by people from above.
264
00:16:47,760 --> 00:16:49,960
- Shot?
- Shot.
265
00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:51,000
Bloody hell.
266
00:16:55,320 --> 00:16:58,600
'Caracas is one of the most
dangerous cities in the world.
267
00:16:58,640 --> 00:17:02,160
'We were heading into a notorious
building called the Tower of David.'
268
00:17:03,360 --> 00:17:05,720
What's with the motorbikes?
269
00:17:05,760 --> 00:17:08,240
They're going to drive us
270
00:17:08,280 --> 00:17:12,000
up to the 7th or 8th floor just to
sort of make the hike shorter.
271
00:17:12,040 --> 00:17:14,120
OK.
272
00:17:23,920 --> 00:17:26,880
This is a sort of unfinished car
park by the look of it,
273
00:17:26,920 --> 00:17:28,720
multistorey car park.
274
00:17:34,760 --> 00:17:36,640
And this is where we get out.
275
00:17:41,960 --> 00:17:43,920
Virginia, what is this place?
276
00:17:43,960 --> 00:17:47,560
Well, it was originally meant to be
a bank,
277
00:17:47,600 --> 00:17:51,040
one of the leading sort of banking
institutions of the country,
278
00:17:51,080 --> 00:17:55,840
but after it went broke it was
abandoned and then taken over by...
279
00:17:55,880 --> 00:18:00,680
I don't know, close to 200 people
that turned it in to their homes.
280
00:18:00,720 --> 00:18:03,000
So it's an abandoned skyscraper?
281
00:18:03,040 --> 00:18:05,400
It's a squatters' skyscraper, yes.
282
00:18:05,440 --> 00:18:08,000
'Driven by poverty and a lack of
proper housing,
283
00:18:08,040 --> 00:18:10,480
'the number of squatters here
quickly grew.'
284
00:18:14,680 --> 00:18:16,760
Oh, my God, look at that!
285
00:18:16,800 --> 00:18:19,440
'Almost 3,000 people have been
living here.
286
00:18:19,480 --> 00:18:21,680
'Families have raised children in
the tower,
287
00:18:21,720 --> 00:18:23,920
'carrying everything for their flats
up by hand.'
288
00:18:25,040 --> 00:18:27,000
That's astonishing!
289
00:18:27,040 --> 00:18:29,720
'The tower has had a fearsome
reputation.
290
00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:32,600
'Violent drug and kidnap gangs
operated from here.'
291
00:18:33,720 --> 00:18:35,160
My God, look at this.
292
00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:37,960
'And there are stories of people
being pushed to their deaths
293
00:18:38,000 --> 00:18:39,840
'tens of storeys below.'
294
00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:47,880
Imagine bringing children up right
next to this.
295
00:18:50,600 --> 00:18:53,600
I think it shows the level of
desperation, really.
296
00:18:53,640 --> 00:18:55,920
That families have been prepared to
do this.
297
00:18:55,960 --> 00:19:00,520
This is not, by a long stretch,
a safe environment
298
00:19:00,560 --> 00:19:04,760
to raise your youngsters in the
sense that, you know,
299
00:19:04,800 --> 00:19:06,360
they could fall down the stairs,
300
00:19:06,400 --> 00:19:08,720
they could fall off the edge of the
building!
301
00:19:08,760 --> 00:19:12,240
Look, just over here, they could
fall through a gap.
302
00:19:12,280 --> 00:19:14,400
Look.
303
00:19:14,440 --> 00:19:15,840
This is not good.
304
00:19:17,040 --> 00:19:20,000
And yet, for the people who live
here
305
00:19:20,040 --> 00:19:22,680
it was better than life outside.
306
00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:26,440
Safer here in this shanty town in
the sky
307
00:19:26,480 --> 00:19:28,400
than out there in the city.
308
00:19:28,440 --> 00:19:30,640
'I found the tower astonishing.
309
00:19:30,680 --> 00:19:33,480
'In the absence of government help,
people got on with organising
310
00:19:33,520 --> 00:19:35,960
'things themselves, even opening
businesses.'
311
00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:37,720
There's a little shop there.
312
00:19:39,600 --> 00:19:41,720
'From barbers' shops to nurseries,
313
00:19:41,760 --> 00:19:43,960
'the tower was like a vertical
high street.'
314
00:19:45,200 --> 00:19:47,200
What's going on here?
315
00:19:47,240 --> 00:19:49,160
People are making cookie cutters.
316
00:19:49,200 --> 00:19:51,440
That's a whole production line.
317
00:19:51,480 --> 00:19:54,000
Making cookie cutters!
318
00:19:54,040 --> 00:19:56,520
Goodness me.
319
00:19:56,560 --> 00:19:59,800
'Despite an intermittent supply of
electricity and water,
320
00:19:59,840 --> 00:20:02,160
'there's even industry in the
tower.'
321
00:20:02,200 --> 00:20:04,280
Wow.
322
00:20:04,320 --> 00:20:07,360
You've got a whole factory going on
in here.
323
00:20:07,400 --> 00:20:10,640
We've interrupted you during lunch.
I'm very sorry.
324
00:20:19,480 --> 00:20:21,440
It looks as though you're doing
pretty well.
325
00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:23,720
How many cookie cutters are you
making?
326
00:20:27,520 --> 00:20:29,000
25,000 a week!
327
00:20:29,040 --> 00:20:30,360
That's...
328
00:20:30,400 --> 00:20:32,320
His fingers went... Thumbs went up
like that.
329
00:20:32,360 --> 00:20:35,320
Could you have achieved this if you
hadn't been living in the tower?
330
00:20:56,440 --> 00:20:59,160
Look. Wilmer here has just given us
business cards.
331
00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:00,760
He's such a businessman.
332
00:21:00,800 --> 00:21:04,880
I think he's thinking about
exporting to the European Union.
333
00:21:04,920 --> 00:21:07,280
We might be able to go in to
business together importing
334
00:21:07,320 --> 00:21:10,240
cookie cutters into the UK, maybe.
335
00:21:13,720 --> 00:21:17,200
'People are currently being rehoused
out of the tower, but residents
336
00:21:17,240 --> 00:21:19,560
'have taken an enormous pride in the
place,
337
00:21:19,600 --> 00:21:21,360
'creating order out of chaos...
338
00:21:21,400 --> 00:21:24,320
There's a beauty parlour on this
floor.
339
00:21:27,160 --> 00:21:30,440
'They have committees to keep charge
of cleaning and security,
340
00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:32,320
'a real community.'
341
00:21:32,360 --> 00:21:36,000
It's truly inspiring that they were
able to build not only,
342
00:21:36,040 --> 00:21:38,840
you know, houses out of bricks,
but also build a sort of strong
343
00:21:38,880 --> 00:21:42,320
community with a strong
sense of solidarity among them.
344
00:21:42,360 --> 00:21:45,160
You know, they really do look other
each other's neighbours.
345
00:21:45,200 --> 00:21:47,800
In a way, this speaks of a more
successful
346
00:21:47,840 --> 00:21:52,600
system of organising
than most Venezuelans have outside.
347
00:21:57,000 --> 00:22:00,840
'Next day, we left Caracas and
headed towards the Colombian border,
348
00:22:00,880 --> 00:22:02,680
'in Venezuela's Wild West.
349
00:22:04,160 --> 00:22:07,760
'We were heading in to a tricky
area, so we'd swapped hire cars
350
00:22:07,800 --> 00:22:11,080
'for more discreet local wheels,
351
00:22:11,120 --> 00:22:13,600
'complete with a shag pile
dashboard.'
352
00:22:23,040 --> 00:22:26,480
We're going to hop out. Honestly,
this is quite interesting.
353
00:22:29,360 --> 00:22:31,720
But he does it right to the top,
doesn't he?
354
00:22:32,840 --> 00:22:34,480
OK, so he's put 68 litres in.
355
00:22:34,520 --> 00:22:36,120
How much is that costing you?
356
00:22:37,880 --> 00:22:40,080
It cost 6 Ps to fill up the tank
right now,
357
00:22:40,120 --> 00:22:42,360
so that close to a US dollar.
358
00:22:42,400 --> 00:22:45,480
One US dollar?
To fill up a 60 litre tank, yes.
359
00:22:47,080 --> 00:22:50,160
'And many well-connected people here
can fill a tank even cheaper.'
360
00:22:52,120 --> 00:22:55,680
What you pay for a litre is what I
pay a whole year to fill
361
00:22:55,720 --> 00:22:58,080
up my tank once or twice a month.
362
00:22:59,720 --> 00:23:01,640
An entire year?
363
00:23:01,680 --> 00:23:02,920
Yeah.
364
00:23:02,960 --> 00:23:06,680
My yearly budget for petrol is what
you spend in one litre.
365
00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:09,520
This is extra, extra, extra bonkers,
isn't it?
366
00:23:14,280 --> 00:23:16,640
'Petrol here is the cheapest in the
world
367
00:23:16,680 --> 00:23:19,360
'and is sold for far less than it
costs to produce,
368
00:23:19,400 --> 00:23:22,640
'thanks to a government subsidy
introduced decades ago.'
369
00:23:24,520 --> 00:23:27,720
'The cost of subsidising fuel is
gradually bankrupting
370
00:23:27,760 --> 00:23:30,320
'the country, but no government
has been brave enough
371
00:23:30,360 --> 00:23:34,200
'to raise prices, even though the
subsidy benefits the rich,
372
00:23:34,240 --> 00:23:37,000
'who have more cars, rather than the
poor.'
373
00:23:41,960 --> 00:23:47,120
Look. There's a nodding donkey just
here in this suburban neighbourhood.
374
00:23:52,200 --> 00:23:55,400
There's a gentleman just over there.
Could we just ask him
375
00:23:55,440 --> 00:23:57,680
how often, does it pump all the
time?
376
00:24:07,080 --> 00:24:09,120
Do you see the benefits from it?
377
00:24:31,760 --> 00:24:34,600
I don't understand where the money's
gone.
378
00:24:34,640 --> 00:24:37,280
This has been pumping for years.
379
00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:39,600
Venezuela, it's the biggest...
380
00:24:39,640 --> 00:24:42,880
One of the biggest oil producers in
the world.
381
00:24:42,920 --> 00:24:45,440
Where does it go? Where does the
money go?
382
00:24:57,400 --> 00:25:01,920
'It's extraordinary. Venezuela
and Venezuelans should be rich.
383
00:25:01,960 --> 00:25:04,880
'It's unclear where the country's
oil wealth has gone.
384
00:25:04,920 --> 00:25:08,200
'Much has been stolen or lost
through inefficiency and rampant
385
00:25:08,240 --> 00:25:11,840
'corruption, and vast sums have been
siphoned off when petrol is
386
00:25:11,880 --> 00:25:15,360
'smuggled across the border to
Colombia, where I was headed next.'
387
00:25:17,280 --> 00:25:19,240
What's going on here?
388
00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:22,240
Well, basically, the kids are
bringing over gas
389
00:25:22,280 --> 00:25:25,080
and they're going to do a quick
refill for this guy.
390
00:25:25,120 --> 00:25:29,000
'Because of Venezuelan subsidies,
petrol costs a hundred times
391
00:25:29,040 --> 00:25:31,560
'more across the border in Colombia,
392
00:25:31,600 --> 00:25:34,080
'so profits for smuggling are huge.
393
00:25:34,120 --> 00:25:37,240
'There are supposed to be controls
and restrictions on petrol sales
394
00:25:37,280 --> 00:25:40,160
'near the border, but we saw
countless drivers filling
395
00:25:40,200 --> 00:25:42,960
'huge tanks they would take
to Colombia and sell.
396
00:25:46,560 --> 00:25:49,440
'Our route to the border was
a smugglers' highway.'
397
00:25:52,520 --> 00:25:54,040
Look, they're turning off.
398
00:25:54,080 --> 00:25:56,000
They're just going to go down...
399
00:25:56,040 --> 00:25:58,120
Well, a little track down to the
side...
400
00:26:01,840 --> 00:26:05,240
...which probably means there's
a checkpoint just up ahead.
401
00:26:05,280 --> 00:26:07,480
Yeah, I can even see it!
402
00:26:07,520 --> 00:26:09,440
'We went through numerous
checkpoints
403
00:26:09,480 --> 00:26:10,680
'on the way to the border,
404
00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:13,280
'but they were clearly not much of a
deterrent.'
405
00:26:17,280 --> 00:26:22,360
They've obviously just gone round
the checkpoint to get away
406
00:26:22,400 --> 00:26:24,520
with whatever it is they're
smuggling.
407
00:26:24,560 --> 00:26:27,880
'Guns, drugs and food, as well as
petrol, are smuggled here.
408
00:26:27,920 --> 00:26:29,640
'Huge profits are at stake
409
00:26:29,680 --> 00:26:32,360
'and the border region has become
extremely dangerous.'
410
00:26:32,400 --> 00:26:34,360
Oh, it's, like, an army convoy.
411
00:26:35,600 --> 00:26:37,960
It was a contingent of the National
Guard.
412
00:26:38,000 --> 00:26:41,280
I just heard there was actually a
violent confrontation yesterday,
413
00:26:41,320 --> 00:26:46,680
and a shoot-out between smugglers
and the National Guard.
414
00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:49,080
'Gangs, the police and politicians
are all said
415
00:26:49,120 --> 00:26:51,120
'to be involved with the smuggling.
416
00:26:51,160 --> 00:26:54,520
'As we got closer to the border, it
seemed everyone was at it.'
417
00:26:54,560 --> 00:26:55,960
And all those there!
418
00:27:00,760 --> 00:27:04,240
Amazing! We're just off the main
road away from the checkpoint
419
00:27:04,280 --> 00:27:06,840
and this is all completely
illegal here.
420
00:27:11,440 --> 00:27:14,960
It's like a square mile of black
market illegal madness.
421
00:27:16,320 --> 00:27:18,320
Everybody is trading fuel here.
422
00:27:19,720 --> 00:27:23,480
'It's been officially estimated that
roughly £30 million worth
423
00:27:23,520 --> 00:27:27,840
'of fuel is smuggled out of
Venezuela every single week.
424
00:27:27,880 --> 00:27:30,640
'But the government here has been a
bit hopeless at preventing
425
00:27:30,680 --> 00:27:33,160
'the national coffers being bled
dry.'
426
00:27:35,720 --> 00:27:38,880
We were spotted by one of the guys,
so we can't do a drive around again.
427
00:27:38,920 --> 00:27:42,400
OK, the locks just went down, is
that because he's worried for us?
428
00:27:42,440 --> 00:27:45,480
Yes. It might get a bit aggressive.
429
00:27:45,520 --> 00:27:49,080
We were spotted as foreigners or as
TV people?
430
00:27:49,120 --> 00:27:50,920
TV people.
431
00:27:50,960 --> 00:27:52,320
OK, not good.
432
00:27:55,600 --> 00:27:58,720
'The fuel subsidy here costs more
than government spending
433
00:27:58,760 --> 00:28:01,120
'on education and health
care combined.
434
00:28:01,160 --> 00:28:03,880
'As we headed towards the border,
our driver admitted
435
00:28:03,920 --> 00:28:05,480
'he was also a smuggler,
436
00:28:05,520 --> 00:28:08,480
'and even he was angry and worried
about the state of the country.'
437
00:28:09,720 --> 00:28:13,680
So how often will you do a run
across?
438
00:28:13,720 --> 00:28:16,000
TRANSLATION: Once or twice a day.
439
00:28:16,040 --> 00:28:20,640
And how much money can a person make
with a car like this?
440
00:28:25,240 --> 00:28:28,280
It's very lucrative for doing almost
nothing.
441
00:28:28,320 --> 00:28:30,400
And it's easy money.
442
00:28:35,240 --> 00:28:39,360
Normally, I can sit here driving
for two or three hours
443
00:28:39,400 --> 00:28:42,280
and I can make as much as a
professional in this country
444
00:28:42,320 --> 00:28:44,280
makes in a month.
445
00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:49,320
Where do you think this country will
be in five years' time?
446
00:28:53,280 --> 00:28:56,360
Every day, I think about what this
country used to be like
447
00:28:56,400 --> 00:28:58,200
and what it's like now.
448
00:28:58,240 --> 00:29:00,920
From top to bottom, everything is
bad.
449
00:29:02,440 --> 00:29:04,920
It's difficult to see a future for
Venezuela.
450
00:29:10,120 --> 00:29:12,760
We're getting close to the border
with Colombia now
451
00:29:12,800 --> 00:29:15,680
and I'm coming to the conclusion
that Venezuela is
452
00:29:15,720 --> 00:29:20,080
one of the worst-managed countries
that I have ever visited.
453
00:29:20,120 --> 00:29:24,280
I've been in poorer places and I've
been in war-torn countries,
454
00:29:24,320 --> 00:29:27,240
but I don't think I've been in one
which has got quite this much
455
00:29:27,280 --> 00:29:31,400
natural wealth, and yet is being so
badly run.
456
00:29:35,400 --> 00:29:37,440
What a completely lawless situation.
457
00:29:40,360 --> 00:29:43,440
Right at the V that marks
the end of Venezuela.
458
00:29:43,480 --> 00:29:46,760
'It's a beautiful country with
so much going for it.
459
00:29:46,800 --> 00:29:50,080
'But, to be honest, the muppetry of
the government here meant
460
00:29:50,120 --> 00:29:52,040
'I wasn't sad to move on.'
461
00:29:52,080 --> 00:29:55,000
Here we go, Colombian immigration
right here.
462
00:29:57,680 --> 00:29:59,520
There's a cop here smoking a fag.
463
00:30:09,000 --> 00:30:11,960
Virginia, thank you so much.
May we have a little...?
464
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:13,800
Of course. Good luck.
465
00:30:24,680 --> 00:30:27,560
'We headed west, along Colombia's
Caribbean coast,
466
00:30:27,600 --> 00:30:30,640
'towards an area officially called
"the Banana Zone".'
467
00:30:35,120 --> 00:30:36,200
Look at all of them!
468
00:30:39,040 --> 00:30:42,480
'Bananas are one of the five most
important crops in the world.'
469
00:30:44,240 --> 00:30:45,640
We've arrived.
470
00:30:45,680 --> 00:30:49,840
'In the UK we eat an astonishing
5 billion bananas a year.
471
00:30:49,880 --> 00:30:52,040
'A quarter come from Colombia.'
472
00:30:52,080 --> 00:30:54,760
Mathilde, what's with the blue bags?
473
00:30:56,760 --> 00:30:59,480
TRANSLATION: There's a pesticide
which protects the bananas,
474
00:30:59,520 --> 00:31:01,760
so we can produce perfect bananas.
475
00:31:03,760 --> 00:31:06,840
'Around 80% of people in this part
of Colombia are involved
476
00:31:06,880 --> 00:31:08,240
'in the banana trade.'
477
00:31:08,280 --> 00:31:10,240
OK, thank you, Mathilde. A very
sharp knife.
478
00:31:10,280 --> 00:31:11,840
'Time for me to join them.'
479
00:31:14,520 --> 00:31:16,320
- Take the leaves off first?
- Yeah.
480
00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:18,960
Sorry.
481
00:31:19,000 --> 00:31:22,040
'Much of the industry here has
signed up to the Fair Trade scheme.'
482
00:31:22,080 --> 00:31:23,080
Bueno?
483
00:31:24,480 --> 00:31:26,240
Now hang on, that's got the bananas
on.
484
00:31:26,280 --> 00:31:28,600
'It ensures workers receive better
wages
485
00:31:28,640 --> 00:31:30,760
'and improved working conditions.'
486
00:31:32,000 --> 00:31:33,920
Ah!
487
00:31:33,960 --> 00:31:35,600
Bloody hell, that's heavy!
488
00:31:43,920 --> 00:31:46,000
This bloke's a train engine. Bueno.
489
00:31:51,680 --> 00:31:55,520
'Some of the farm workers here,
including Mathilde Castro,
490
00:31:55,560 --> 00:31:58,440
'used to be farmers themselves.
491
00:31:58,480 --> 00:32:00,680
'They were part of a co-operative
that owned
492
00:32:00,720 --> 00:32:04,000
'and ran its own banana plantation.
493
00:32:04,040 --> 00:32:06,920
'But they were sucked in to the
violence of Colombia's civil
494
00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:09,080
'conflict, when guerrilla groups
fought
495
00:32:09,120 --> 00:32:11,200
'against the national government
496
00:32:11,240 --> 00:32:14,520
'and the country descended into
near-chaos.
497
00:32:14,560 --> 00:32:16,760
'The conflict tore their lives
apart.'
498
00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:26,800
TRANSLATION: Some men came and
killed my partner
499
00:32:26,840 --> 00:32:28,080
and his two brothers.
500
00:32:30,920 --> 00:32:34,280
We were threatened and told if we
stayed we'd be killed,
501
00:32:34,320 --> 00:32:35,600
so we had to leave.
502
00:32:38,160 --> 00:32:39,520
Who did this?
503
00:32:41,560 --> 00:32:42,920
The paramilitaries.
504
00:32:45,000 --> 00:32:48,560
So these are the right-wing
paramilitaries who were often
505
00:32:48,600 --> 00:32:51,800
started by corporations, I think,
weren't they?
506
00:32:51,840 --> 00:32:55,760
And they came and murdered your
husband and stole your land?
507
00:32:56,960 --> 00:33:00,080
Some of them have admitted to the
crimes they committed.
508
00:33:00,120 --> 00:33:03,120
Why did they do it? For the land,
that's why.
509
00:33:19,840 --> 00:33:23,000
'During the worst years of fighting
here, corporations
510
00:33:23,040 --> 00:33:26,640
'and businesses often connived with
or even established violent
511
00:33:26,680 --> 00:33:29,320
'paramilitary groups to protect
their interests
512
00:33:29,360 --> 00:33:31,880
'and even kill their enemies and
claim more land.
513
00:33:33,280 --> 00:33:36,680
Some of the banana corporations
who've been operating here
514
00:33:36,720 --> 00:33:40,640
have got questions to answer about
their role in
515
00:33:40,680 --> 00:33:43,320
what's afflicted this country.
516
00:33:43,360 --> 00:33:46,640
One of the big banana
multi-nationals, Chiquita,
517
00:33:46,680 --> 00:33:50,480
they were fined and given a
multimillion pound fine just
518
00:33:50,520 --> 00:33:52,560
a few years ago because they
confessed
519
00:33:52,600 --> 00:33:57,040
they had been supporting, funding
paramilitary groups here
520
00:33:57,080 --> 00:34:01,520
that were targeting banana farm
workers and trade unionists.
521
00:34:03,160 --> 00:34:06,600
'Colombia's violent reputation
continues to put off foreign
522
00:34:06,640 --> 00:34:09,400
'visitors, but it's a stunning
country.
523
00:34:10,480 --> 00:34:13,640
'I headed along the coast towards
the last destination on this
524
00:34:13,680 --> 00:34:16,040
'part of my journey around the
Caribbean.
525
00:34:17,160 --> 00:34:20,320
'My route was taking me in to the
Sierra Nevada Mountains,
526
00:34:20,360 --> 00:34:22,880
'the highest coastal mountain
range in the world.
527
00:34:23,920 --> 00:34:25,760
'It's home to an ancient people.'
528
00:34:27,040 --> 00:34:29,680
We're heading in to the land of the
Kogi people.
529
00:34:33,160 --> 00:34:37,520
Now, the Kogi are the most intact
surviving civilisation
530
00:34:37,560 --> 00:34:41,440
from the time before Christopher
Columbus arrived in the Americas.
531
00:34:43,360 --> 00:34:47,240
'When the Spanish invaders first
arrived here, most of the indigenous
532
00:34:47,280 --> 00:34:51,680
'people of the Americas were wiped
out, often by the gun or the sword.
533
00:34:51,720 --> 00:34:56,240
'But tens of millions died from
diseases they had no immunity to.
534
00:34:56,280 --> 00:34:59,320
'But the Kogi retreated high in to
the Sierra Nevada, which is
535
00:34:59,360 --> 00:35:00,920
'where they've remained.'
536
00:35:02,960 --> 00:35:04,720
Look at this.
537
00:35:04,760 --> 00:35:08,160
We're arriving on the edge of a
community, a village, it looks like.
538
00:35:09,800 --> 00:35:13,800
'There are roughly 20,000 Kogi
people in these mountains.
539
00:35:13,840 --> 00:35:15,200
'They hunt and gather,
540
00:35:15,240 --> 00:35:16,960
'but they're also a settled
community,
541
00:35:17,000 --> 00:35:19,080
'who have farmed here for centuries.
542
00:35:21,200 --> 00:35:24,760
'Unlike many indigenous communities
around the world, the Kogi
543
00:35:24,800 --> 00:35:28,480
'are choosing to remain largely
isolated from the modern world.
544
00:35:28,520 --> 00:35:31,160
'There wasn't even a football
T-shirt in sight.
545
00:35:32,400 --> 00:35:36,840
'It's extremely rare for the Kogi to
allow a TV crew into their world.
546
00:35:36,880 --> 00:35:39,680
'They let me visit for a simple
reason - to show us
547
00:35:39,720 --> 00:35:42,480
'how they live and to warn that
their way of life
548
00:35:42,520 --> 00:35:43,920
'is now being threatened.'
549
00:35:45,240 --> 00:35:49,240
This is right up there with the most
incredible places I've ever been.
550
00:35:50,520 --> 00:35:53,440
'The Kogi wanted to show me what was
at stake, so they took me into
551
00:35:53,480 --> 00:35:57,960
'their back garden - the pristine
forests of the Sierra Nevada.
552
00:36:01,560 --> 00:36:05,960
'These misty mountains are home to
extraordinary bio-diversity,
553
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:09,160
'including the most important
concentration of threatened
554
00:36:09,200 --> 00:36:12,080
'mammals, amphibians and birds on
Earth.'
555
00:36:17,320 --> 00:36:20,880
TRANSLATION: We don't damage the
hills, the caves or the trees,
556
00:36:20,920 --> 00:36:22,400
because they give us life.
557
00:36:26,040 --> 00:36:28,640
These are the laws that
Mother Nature has given us.
558
00:36:35,560 --> 00:36:39,280
'The Kogi believe the Sierra Nevada
is the heart of the world.'
559
00:36:40,720 --> 00:36:42,040
Look at this!
560
00:36:46,480 --> 00:36:47,960
Absolutely spectacular.
561
00:36:53,720 --> 00:36:56,720
OK. Ooh.
562
00:37:10,160 --> 00:37:15,240
So it turns out that the village we
were in is more of a gathering
563
00:37:15,280 --> 00:37:19,760
place for farmers to assemble,
farmers from the community.
564
00:37:19,800 --> 00:37:25,400
So each of the people we've met has
a little farm like this,
565
00:37:25,440 --> 00:37:28,800
but they go to meet outsiders down
in the village.
566
00:37:47,920 --> 00:37:49,720
This is a job made for me. OK.
567
00:37:54,360 --> 00:37:55,920
Which one?
568
00:37:57,240 --> 00:37:58,760
Ah.
569
00:38:01,480 --> 00:38:03,760
Ooh. Flipping heck.
570
00:38:03,800 --> 00:38:06,000
Have you little ones seen tall
foreigners before?
571
00:38:12,440 --> 00:38:14,280
Lemonade, Kogi style.
572
00:38:18,240 --> 00:38:19,800
Wow, it smells incredible.
573
00:38:23,040 --> 00:38:24,520
Mmm.
574
00:38:26,320 --> 00:38:28,560
I don't think it's alcoholic.
575
00:38:28,600 --> 00:38:30,040
- Any alcohol?
- No.
576
00:38:33,120 --> 00:38:35,120
I know I mustn't drink it all, but
it is very good.
577
00:38:47,040 --> 00:38:51,160
So this is home tonight, the
village school.
578
00:38:51,200 --> 00:38:57,240
We've got inflatable mattresses
inside and mosquito nets to keep
579
00:38:57,280 --> 00:39:02,240
out the buzzing mozzies, but also
we're going to tuck them underneath
580
00:39:02,280 --> 00:39:06,320
the mattresses and hopefully that
will keep out the snakes, as well.
581
00:39:14,640 --> 00:39:17,040
THUNDER RUMBLES
582
00:39:20,320 --> 00:39:22,920
COCKEREL CROWS
583
00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:36,000
It wasn't a horrific night
but things -
584
00:39:36,040 --> 00:39:37,520
COCKEREL CROWS
585
00:39:37,560 --> 00:39:41,720
cockerels started crowing next to
our heads
586
00:39:41,760 --> 00:39:44,560
at about quarter past three.
587
00:39:44,600 --> 00:39:46,040
I hate cockerels.
588
00:39:49,040 --> 00:39:52,280
'The Kogi call the rest of us their
younger brother,
589
00:39:52,320 --> 00:39:54,840
'and they believe we're threatening
their very existence.
590
00:39:55,960 --> 00:39:58,960
'I went to talk with Mamo Luntana,
a Kogi elder.'
591
00:40:02,640 --> 00:40:05,640
What I want to know is how younger
brother expects us
592
00:40:05,680 --> 00:40:08,840
all to live when you come from the
other side of the world
593
00:40:08,880 --> 00:40:13,200
and destroy Mother Earth so that
multi-national companies can profit.
594
00:40:15,960 --> 00:40:18,800
Younger brother has caused so much
damage.
595
00:40:18,840 --> 00:40:22,640
River levels have fallen, the rains
don't come when they should.
596
00:40:22,680 --> 00:40:24,920
Crop seasons are changing.
597
00:40:24,960 --> 00:40:28,960
Only when younger brother stops can
this life carry on as normal.
598
00:40:34,040 --> 00:40:37,760
'We're used to being warned about
our changing climate by scientists,
599
00:40:37,800 --> 00:40:40,280
'but it's shocking to hear this
first-hand
600
00:40:40,320 --> 00:40:44,200
'evidence of profound change already
happening from the leader
601
00:40:44,240 --> 00:40:48,360
'of a remote people in a remote
part of the planet.'
602
00:40:48,400 --> 00:40:50,480
'And this is something I'm hearing
more
603
00:40:50,520 --> 00:40:52,440
'and more of on my travels around
the world.'
604
00:40:53,760 --> 00:40:56,520
I'm nearly at the end of my journey,
605
00:40:56,560 --> 00:40:59,360
but we're heading back down to the
coast to the sea.
606
00:40:59,400 --> 00:41:03,240
It's not far, well, not that far
anyway as the crow flies.
607
00:41:03,280 --> 00:41:05,480
It takes a bit of time on these
roads. Ah-ah.
608
00:41:06,720 --> 00:41:09,320
And we've got a vehicle behind
that's bringing
609
00:41:09,360 --> 00:41:10,640
some of the Kogi with us.
610
00:41:11,880 --> 00:41:15,080
'The Kogi have a series of sacred
sites around the area
611
00:41:15,120 --> 00:41:17,880
'connected by what they call the
black line.
612
00:41:17,920 --> 00:41:20,240
'It's part of their belief system.
613
00:41:20,280 --> 00:41:23,880
'Many of their sacred sites have
been damaged by development.
614
00:41:23,920 --> 00:41:28,520
'They've now launched a desperate
campaign to protect what's left.
615
00:41:28,560 --> 00:41:31,880
'They took me down to the beach and
back to the Caribbean Sea.'
616
00:41:35,360 --> 00:41:41,160
When you see this power station,
what do you think as a people?
617
00:42:02,080 --> 00:42:03,760
You live in the mountains,
618
00:42:03,800 --> 00:42:06,240
but I sense the sea is very
important to you.
619
00:42:32,160 --> 00:42:35,680
'The Kogi believe our natural world
is being destroyed by us.'
620
00:42:36,800 --> 00:42:39,440
Do you think younger brother will
ever listen?
621
00:43:00,040 --> 00:43:02,160
'There's a desperation in their
plea.
622
00:43:03,920 --> 00:43:08,760
'The Kogi have noticed our world is
changing, not by measuring it,
623
00:43:08,800 --> 00:43:10,320
'but by living in it.'
624
00:43:21,680 --> 00:43:25,080
It's been an incredible journey,
625
00:43:25,120 --> 00:43:30,120
from the beaches of Barbados to the
mountains of the Sierra Nevada.
626
00:43:31,280 --> 00:43:34,800
But this is the end of this leg.
627
00:43:34,840 --> 00:43:37,080
On the next leg, my final leg,
628
00:43:37,120 --> 00:43:39,880
I'll be travelling up the Caribbean
coast of Central America
629
00:43:39,920 --> 00:43:43,440
and finishing my journey around
the Caribbean Sea in Jamaica.
52579
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