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You're watching CNBC On Demand.
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In this episode of American Greed, a
struggling actor with a side hustle
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millions. This one is tragic because it
started off as imaginary and continued
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imaginary and then grew so large.
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Zach Horowitz moves from Indiana to
Hollywood.
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I'm good enough. I can do this.
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Takes the stage name Zach Avery.
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and dazzles his friends back home. You
believe that he was a big -time player
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L .A.? He was great.
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You go out, he's buying all the drinks,
he's got the good place for it to go.
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There's a phrase, acting is like lying.
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But for Horowitz, lying is like acting.
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As an actor, I feel like you don't want
people to know who Zach is as a person.
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Because Horwich's most convincing
performance isn't on screen, it's in
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life, scamming his longtime friends.
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I would just love to know what his
endgame was with this, and does he feel
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remorse? His pretentious podcasts play
different now.
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Playing that dynamic between the good
guy and the bad guy and how I can work
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through those nuances was really fun.
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It's Hollywood's biggest Ponzi scheme
with a warning.
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Be careful who you trust.
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These are his alleged best friends and
he just took all their money.
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I couldn't believe it.
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In 2019, the relatively unknown actor
Zach Avery is finally getting somewhere.
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He's landed a starring role with Olivia
Munn in a film called The Gateway.
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In the movie, Avery, real name Zach
Horwitz, plays a hardened criminal.
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Ironically, at the very moment he shoots
this scene walking a cell block in a
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jail, Horwitz is a real -life criminal
mastermind.
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running an investment scheme built on
100 % lies.
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It was clear from the beginning that it
was just fake from the get -go.
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Zach Horwitz has talent.
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He's a world -class liar with charm that
he lays on thick for anyone with a
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microphone and camera.
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Knowing what you know now, what would
you tell your 14 -year -old self?
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Ooh, that's a tough one.
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I would tell him that...
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Everything happens for a reason. That
you're going to go through trials and
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tribulations, but they will all teach
you something along the way that you'll
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use in the future, and you'll be all
right, kid. Don't worry about it.
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Like many Hollywood stories, this one
begins in the heartland.
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In this case, Fort Wayne, Indiana.
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It's modest, humble, and the resting
place of American icon Johnny Appleseed.
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You couldn't get more all -American if
you tried.
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Zach and I lived in a nice neighborhood.
He lived in the very nice part, like
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probably a fairly brand -new house.
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Derek McCurr is one of Zach Horowitz's
high school friends.
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Horowitz moves to Fort Wayne for his
sophomore year after a childhood spent
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Florida. We met at football our
sophomore year and almost instantly
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friends.
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Chris Krebs is another high school
friend.
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He and others say Zach's family is well
off.
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His stepfather is an executive at a
computer components factory.
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They certainly weren't struggling. They
had a really nice lake house in addition
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to their main residence.
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According to friends, Zach Horwitz is a
popular student at Fort Wayne Carroll
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High School.
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He was athletic, played sports.
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Girls liked him quite a bit. He was just
a good guy, a fun guy to be around.
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In his senior yearbook, Zach is
nominated for Homecoming King, awarded
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Body, and is a member of the school's
Academy of Finance.
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The yearbook page of the club, in a You
Can't Make This Up twist, is titled Fun
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with Future Finances.
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It's just surreal.
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How did this guy from Fort Wayne,
Indiana, run a $690 million Ponzi scheme
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zero financial background?
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After graduating high school in 2005,
Zach attends Indiana University in
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downstate Bloomington.
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While most of his friends attend IU's
acclaimed Kelly School of Business, Zach
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goes a different route and majors in
psychology.
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Friends say Horowitz is a great guy to
be pals with, especially on spring
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You know, the classic, like, you throw a
football in the sand and bounce it
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towards some girls. You would want Zach
to go get that ball, and all of a
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sudden, those girls would be coming back
and hanging out with us for, like, the
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rest of the spring break.
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After Horowitz graduates from Indiana,
friends say he intends to pursue a
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graduate degree in psychology.
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Instead, he opens a restaurant on the
north side of Chicago in the summer of
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2011.
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Friends say the shop is funded by
inheritance money Horowitz receives
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stepfather passes away.
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Zach tells a group of us, hey, I'd like
you guys to join in with me on this and
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take on various roles.
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hopefully become rich off of this
restaurant that I'm going to start up.
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The name of the restaurant is Fuel.
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Horwich claims the joint will combine
healthy food with a healthy lifestyle,
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including an on -site nutritionist.
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While Chris Krebs doesn't invest, he
says Horwich wants him on board.
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Zach's like, hey, I want to bring you
on, do some marketing things, whether
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social or trying to drum up business or
whatever that looks like.
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Horwitz tells Krebs and others that
Howard Schultz, yes, Howard Schultz of
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Starbucks fame, is interested in his
concept.
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At one point in time, Zach said, look,
Howard Schultz has an investment group
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that's called Maveron, and they're
interested in what we're doing, and they
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think there's potential to expand upon
it. That was incredibly enticing. I
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you count millions in your head at that
point.
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After only a few months, the restaurant
closes down.
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Krebs says Zach Horowitz has an
interesting excuse for the restaurant
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shuttering. At the time, he takes it at
face value, but it now seems prophetic.
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He said that his money manager, who's
helping manage his money, was involved
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a Ponzi scheme.
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Yeah, a little foreshadowing.
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According to Zach's narrative, on
January 1st, 2012, he and his girlfriend
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up their car and abandon the Midwest.
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They're heading to California, where
Zach can pursue his dreams of being an
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actor. To his old friends, it's
apparently a new dream.
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They say Zach has no acting experience
and has never even mentioned it.
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It was incredibly surprising. He had
never talked about acting before, and
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of a sudden to be involved in trying to
make himself an actor was just kind of
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weird.
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He loved Entourage, like was a very huge
fan of Entourage, and when he moved to
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L .A., that's kind of what I always
thought, like he wants to kind of live
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life, but he was never like wanting to
be an actor.
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Upon arrival in California, Zach begins
auditioning for various TV and film
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roles. In the next few years, Zach gets
a few nibbles.
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Roles like demon number three and
unnamed basketball player.
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You can be what they call atmosphere.
You can be extras in a film by just
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signing up.
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And then you get to go on set. There's
not a real background.
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But as the saying goes, there are no
small roles, only small actors.
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Horowitz hypes his film appearances to
any website, podcast, or YouTube channel
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that will have him. And in each
interview, his legend grows.
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One of his favorite stories is how an
injury dashed his dreams of playing in
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NFL. Went to Indiana University, started
playing, and basically it was before
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even the first season is when I got
injured, is when we were in the training
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everything process before that.
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That was the longest -running joke in
our group. It's like, this guy never
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played football at IU. He did tear his
ACL playing football at IU, but it was
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intramural football.
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I was going to be a football player, but
I had this injury that happened during
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intramurals, but he kind of played it
off like it was a real football injury.
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In 2013, he tells his friends he's
landed a plum roll in Brad Pitt's World
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II tank drama, Fury.
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Yeah, it was amazing. Some of the actors
and actresses that he worked with,
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like, he would send, oh, I'm working on
this movie with this person. We're like,
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really?
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Just like his alleged football career,
this role is constantly attached to
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Horwich's name.
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Emmanuel Noisette is a film critic who
writes for themovieblog .com.
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All right, so if we keep our eyes on the
screen here, Zach should be coming up
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very soon. Wait, wait, wait, there he
is.
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Okay, there it is.
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Yep, that's all.
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That's all for Zach.
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Horwich's penchant for exaggeration, on
screen and off, helps raise his profile.
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Everybody has a story. It's critical.
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It's kind of funny, actually, because
nobody checks it.
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Nobody really cares, but they like to
know that you have some sort of a
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background and it's interesting.
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Next on American Greed, Zach's little
white lies eventually become great big
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whoppers when he claims he strikes a
deal with one of the biggest names in
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Hollywood.
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Working white -collar cases, you tend to
see the gamut of what deceit can cause.
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This one, in terms of its brazenness, in
terms of the size of the scheme, really
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takes the cake.
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Shortly after arriving in California,
Zach Horowitz strikes up a friendship
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a pair of aspiring filmmakers, Diego and
Julio Halibus.
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Horowitz partners with Julio and founds
a company in 2013 that they call One in
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a Million Productions, LLC.
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The name comes from one of Horowitz's
favorite sayings, when the odds are one
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a million, be that one.
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he was going to be in the business of
producing films, perhaps with the idea
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that he was going to have an acting role
in some of these movies as well.
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The partners strike gold, 24 -carat nerd
gold, when they make their first movie
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a Batman -related fan film. The film is
a 20 -minute short called The Laughing
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Man, based on a DC comic book storyline.
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Zach plays the title character who is
locked in an insane asylum.
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Mommy always said I was different.
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So the basic premise is the laughing man
is extracting revenge or getting his
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kick out of murdering one of the doctors
in the film.
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The laughing man also proceeds to cut
off his own face.
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So this is probably one of the most
disturbing scenes in The Laughing Man,
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don't take my word for it. Let's check
it out.
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It looked like he felt like he was
crushing it. I didn't get that
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impression, but I think he felt like he
was in the zone.
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Horwich is ready to crush it off
-screen, too.
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During his time in Los Angeles, the film
industry is undergoing a major
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transition.
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Streaming services are gaining steam and
changing the way Hollywood conducts its
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business. Netflix is arguably the
biggest name in the game.
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Bottom line, Netflix is adding customers
faster than expected reporting more
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than 50 million streaming subscribers
for the first time.
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The streaming service is constantly on
the hunt for new movies to keep viewers
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hooked. Horowitz spies an opening and
devises a plan to get a piece of the
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action.
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In late 2013, he starts another
business, One in a Million Capital.
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It's well known that streaming platforms
like HBO and Netflix are oftentimes
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looking for content, and that content
comes from third parties. And so One in
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Million Capital was playing into just
that idea.
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Horowitz says $100 million capital is
not in film production, but rather the
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film distribution business.
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Its purpose is to collect movies to feed
the streamers.
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At the time, Netflix is a $23 billion a
year juggernaut.
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And Horowitz says he's struck a deal
with them.
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We know it's coming, and Netflix is
making tons of money, and it's in all
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articles. So, yeah, I can see how
everybody thought, wow, he had to deal
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Netflix. This guy's got to be rolling in
it.
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Horowitz tells potential investors that
one in a million capital is looking to
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purchase the rights to dozens of low
-budget movies.
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FBI Special Agent John Barastro is the
lead investigator on the case.
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So what Zach Horowitz told the investors
was that the money that they provide
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him, he goes and he buys the actual.
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film rights from the content provider or
their sales agent.
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And then he told investors, I have
existing relationships.
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And then he sells the content to HBO and
Netflix for a 36 -month period.
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Assistant U .S. Attorney David Chow says
the films are not blockbusters.
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Far from it.
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They seem to be American -based with
kind of, you might expect a B or C
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list.
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type movies.
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Horowitz displays the movies in a glossy
package.
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He says that the rights to each film
cost anywhere from a few hundred
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to over one million dollars.
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He also claims they'll be shown
exclusively in Latin America.
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And maybe that actually helped assist
the scheme because these weren't...
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well -known movies like a Star Wars or a
Marvel film, but rather more like an
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indie film. So it would be more
difficult in some ways for a victim to
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00:15:54,420 --> 00:15:59,579
-check, for example, whether in a
particular country in Latin America,
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is happening to be streaming this movie
that they've invested in.
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00:16:05,380 --> 00:16:10,239
But in order to buy the rights to these
films, one in a million capital needs
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capital.
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To find the funding, Zach Horowitz hits
up some old pals.
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I knew, yeah, I was like all of Zach's
friends. And then they would go after
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parents and try to get the parents to
invest as well.
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00:16:24,820 --> 00:16:30,619
Next on American Greed, this Golden
State transplant hits the motherlode
225
00:16:30,620 --> 00:16:31,670
the Hoosier State.
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00:16:32,320 --> 00:16:38,379
Horowitz not only represented himself to
be a successful Hollywood insider, he
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00:16:38,380 --> 00:16:41,240
also spent money as though he actually
were one.
228
00:16:56,400 --> 00:17:01,799
For a Midwest boy from Fort Wayne, Zach
Horwitz appears to be that one in a
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00:17:01,800 --> 00:17:02,960
million success story.
230
00:17:03,500 --> 00:17:08,919
He has a few movie roles under his belt,
and he claims to be the CEO of a new
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00:17:08,920 --> 00:17:11,079
venture with Netflix and HBO.
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00:17:12,260 --> 00:17:16,140
His friends back in Indiana think he's
killing it.
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00:17:16,599 --> 00:17:21,659
Well, the portrait that Zach portrayed
on social media was like private jets
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00:17:21,660 --> 00:17:23,819
like jetting all these places.
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00:17:24,619 --> 00:17:28,099
film festivals and doing all this. I was
like, I must be doing well.
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00:17:28,520 --> 00:17:33,119
I would ask him what he was doing, and
he said, oh, distributing films to Latin
237
00:17:33,120 --> 00:17:34,059
and South America.
238
00:17:34,060 --> 00:17:38,179
We've got HBO, we've got Netflix, and it
kind of explained the lifestyle that he
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00:17:38,180 --> 00:17:39,230
was living.
240
00:17:40,780 --> 00:17:45,459
Horowitz takes advantage of his star
status back home in the Midwest,
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00:17:45,460 --> 00:17:47,340
to prosecutor David Chow.
242
00:17:48,520 --> 00:17:53,140
So his first investors were his friends,
friends that he knew from college.
243
00:17:54,940 --> 00:18:00,060
While at Indiana University, most of
Zach's friends are business majors.
244
00:18:00,400 --> 00:18:05,079
Since graduation, they've established
themselves at major investment firms
245
00:18:05,080 --> 00:18:09,140
J .P. Morgan in Chicago and Morgan
Stanley in New York.
246
00:18:09,740 --> 00:18:12,060
They're brokers with 7th Series
licenses.
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00:18:12,440 --> 00:18:17,359
These are top -flight financial
professionals. I mean, they're young,
248
00:18:17,360 --> 00:18:18,800
they're the best.
249
00:18:20,300 --> 00:18:24,419
According to federal prosecutors,
Horwitz tells his friends that they can
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00:18:24,420 --> 00:18:28,380
returns of up to 45 % in this emerging
market.
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00:18:29,180 --> 00:18:34,080
Zach Horwitz wasn't selling equity. He
wasn't selling shares in his own
252
00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:38,560
Rather, what he was doing was raising
money through promissory notes.
253
00:18:38,561 --> 00:18:43,439
The way that the agreements worked, they
were whole dollar amount agreements.
254
00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:48,459
So just using a hypothetical example, he
would say like, oh, I'm buying it for a
255
00:18:48,460 --> 00:18:49,510
million dollars.
256
00:18:50,380 --> 00:18:55,259
After purchasing the rights to the film,
Horwitz then says he turns around and
257
00:18:55,260 --> 00:18:58,640
makes a distribution deal with Netflix
or HBO.
258
00:18:59,040 --> 00:19:05,899
And then we'll get back like $1 ,450
,000. And then that $450 ,000 would be
259
00:19:05,900 --> 00:19:09,440
45 % return to the investors.
260
00:19:11,160 --> 00:19:15,620
Investigators say Horwitz makes sure
that his early investors get paid.
261
00:19:15,980 --> 00:19:17,060
And frankly...
262
00:19:17,580 --> 00:19:21,699
Many of them were skeptical at first,
but when they gave him the money, they
263
00:19:21,700 --> 00:19:24,110
didn't just get a return back on a piece
of paper.
264
00:19:24,111 --> 00:19:27,639
They were actually receiving payments
into their bank accounts.
265
00:19:27,640 --> 00:19:30,679
Like oftentimes, the investors don't ask
for their money back. They just tell
266
00:19:30,680 --> 00:19:32,399
you to roll it into the next investment.
267
00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:36,799
But in this case, every six months,
every year, you know, depending on when
268
00:19:36,800 --> 00:19:41,479
notes mature, monies were moving back
and forth between the one in a million
269
00:19:41,480 --> 00:19:44,130
capital account and the victim
investor's account.
270
00:19:45,640 --> 00:19:51,080
In the summer of 2015, Horwitz sends an
annual report to his college friends.
271
00:19:51,780 --> 00:19:56,879
In the report, Horwitz says he has
already acquired and successfully
272
00:19:56,880 --> 00:20:02,379
49 films through the one in a million
capital banner without incurring a
273
00:20:02,380 --> 00:20:03,760
loss in the process.
274
00:20:04,300 --> 00:20:09,459
Number one touts the success, the prior
success that he's had. It projects these
275
00:20:09,460 --> 00:20:14,460
glossy posters of the movies that he
supposedly has acquired and distributed.
276
00:20:14,461 --> 00:20:21,979
Investigators say Horowitz wants his
friends to help him take the business to
277
00:20:21,980 --> 00:20:23,030
new level.
278
00:20:23,360 --> 00:20:28,259
Some have already made small investments
with him, but Horowitz wants them to go
279
00:20:28,260 --> 00:20:29,310
all in.
280
00:20:29,540 --> 00:20:33,780
To entice his college buddies, he gives
them a special gift.
281
00:20:35,100 --> 00:20:39,140
He sent his friends a bottle of Johnny
Walker Blue.
282
00:20:39,580 --> 00:20:44,439
You know, it's like a gift for the
success that they were having with the
283
00:20:44,440 --> 00:20:45,490
business.
284
00:20:45,550 --> 00:20:51,609
I had friends who started investing very
early with him, and it didn't totally
285
00:20:51,610 --> 00:20:57,349
make sense to me. But, again, like, I
didn't have the minimum to invest, and
286
00:20:57,350 --> 00:20:59,760
in law school or paying back loans at
that point.
287
00:21:01,930 --> 00:21:06,669
Four of Zach's friends are ready to take
the plunge and start a new company to
288
00:21:06,670 --> 00:21:07,990
capitalize on the venture.
289
00:21:09,040 --> 00:21:14,999
The startup is called JJMT after the
first names of the founders, Jake
290
00:21:15,000 --> 00:21:21,380
Wonderland, Joe D 'Alteris, Matthew
Schweinsker, and Tyler Crookston.
291
00:21:21,780 --> 00:21:28,579
So JJMT, they initially were investing
informally in one million
292
00:21:28,580 --> 00:21:33,580
capital. After seeing those early
returns, they left their normal jobs.
293
00:21:35,720 --> 00:21:37,060
J .J .M .T.
294
00:21:37,460 --> 00:21:41,460
establishes an office in downtown
Chicago just off the Magnificent Mile.
295
00:21:42,260 --> 00:21:46,939
Over the next couple of years, J .J .M
.T. invests hundreds of thousands of
296
00:21:46,940 --> 00:21:51,659
dollars with Horowitz and hits up other
friends and family back in Indiana to
297
00:21:51,660 --> 00:21:52,710
join in.
298
00:22:05,720 --> 00:22:09,280
had a role in finance in their own
sector.
299
00:22:09,480 --> 00:22:14,640
And as a result, he was able to tap into
their investment, their money.
300
00:22:15,540 --> 00:22:19,339
Everybody that I knew that was invested
loved it. I mean, it was the easiest
301
00:22:19,340 --> 00:22:20,540
money they've ever made.
302
00:22:21,500 --> 00:22:26,620
After witnessing Horwitz's restaurant
debacle a few years earlier, Chris
303
00:22:26,660 --> 00:22:29,640
with the support of his wife, declines
to invest.
304
00:22:30,690 --> 00:22:31,740
Absolutely tempted.
305
00:22:31,741 --> 00:22:35,229
I mean, it's hard to pass up the kind of
money that you're seeing people make.
306
00:22:35,230 --> 00:22:38,609
But after the fuel experience, we just
decided at that point we're not going to
307
00:22:38,610 --> 00:22:40,290
mix friends and business anymore.
308
00:22:41,070 --> 00:22:44,350
But Krebs says plenty of others want in
on the action.
309
00:22:45,010 --> 00:22:48,769
I know of parents that were involved
that put their retirement into it. I
310
00:22:48,770 --> 00:22:53,449
grandparents and brothers and sisters
and people that were involved and large
311
00:22:53,450 --> 00:22:54,590
groups of friends, too.
312
00:22:54,750 --> 00:22:59,570
Those friends tell their friends who
tell their parents and their neighbors.
313
00:23:00,200 --> 00:23:04,699
But no one ever bothers to actually
confirm the legitimacy of Horowitz's
314
00:23:04,700 --> 00:23:10,259
business. His reputed Hollywood success
is all the info they need. And they're
315
00:23:10,260 --> 00:23:14,139
happy to write a check to the hometown
boy through his successful finance
316
00:23:14,140 --> 00:23:18,819
friends. So there were some people who
were not really sophisticated investors
317
00:23:18,820 --> 00:23:23,079
at all, but were relying on, like, their
family member that, you know, had told
318
00:23:23,080 --> 00:23:24,880
them that this was a good investment.
319
00:23:25,660 --> 00:23:29,320
The word of mouth advertising sparks
exponential growth.
320
00:23:30,200 --> 00:23:36,559
Between 2015 and 2019, court filings
show one in a million capital issues
321
00:23:36,560 --> 00:23:41,879
hundreds of promissory notes to day -to
-day MT clients in exchange for the mind
322
00:23:41,880 --> 00:23:44,980
-blowing $485 million.
323
00:23:46,220 --> 00:23:51,759
Certainly the demand here was extremely
high for individuals to invest their
324
00:23:51,760 --> 00:23:55,360
money with Jack Horowitz's enterprise,
with one in a million capital.
325
00:23:57,160 --> 00:24:02,420
And just like that, the company and Zach
Horowitz is swimming in cash.
326
00:24:05,440 --> 00:24:12,079
Next on American Greed, eager investors
take extreme steps to get in on the
327
00:24:12,080 --> 00:24:16,419
action. We were really excited about it.
Hence, we almost took $400 ,000 worth
328
00:24:16,420 --> 00:24:20,299
of equity out of our house. We thought
we were the people who finally had the
329
00:24:20,300 --> 00:24:22,100
leg up, you know, at the inside track.
330
00:24:35,280 --> 00:24:40,479
In just a few short years, Zach
Horwitz's film distribution business has
331
00:24:40,480 --> 00:24:42,960
from starting up to blowing up.
332
00:24:43,240 --> 00:24:48,459
As word of its alleged success spreads,
he picks up hundreds of investors across
333
00:24:48,460 --> 00:24:49,299
the country.
334
00:24:49,300 --> 00:24:54,919
In Orange County, California, Terry
Crandall is a local economics professor
335
00:24:54,920 --> 00:24:58,340
entrepreneur who runs a nonprofit voting
website.
336
00:24:58,860 --> 00:25:03,900
When it comes to investing, I take a
relatively long -term approach.
337
00:25:04,600 --> 00:25:10,620
As an economist, I have a lot of hubris,
right? That's sort of taught into us.
338
00:25:10,720 --> 00:25:15,319
But really, there are times that I can
see patterns in the market and say, OK,
339
00:25:15,320 --> 00:25:16,940
think the market's going to turn.
340
00:25:17,140 --> 00:25:22,199
While Crandall says his investment
philosophy is usually conservative, he
341
00:25:22,200 --> 00:25:26,660
help but be curious when his neighbor
says he's making serious bank.
342
00:25:27,140 --> 00:25:30,759
He said, you know, it's pretty
aggressive. It's probably outside of
343
00:25:30,760 --> 00:25:32,560
sort of investment. And he was right.
344
00:25:33,420 --> 00:25:37,060
But, you know, I watched him and I asked
him a lot of questions.
345
00:25:37,860 --> 00:25:42,159
Crandall says his neighbor is making
hundreds of thousands of dollars
346
00:25:42,160 --> 00:25:43,500
with one in a million.
347
00:25:44,380 --> 00:25:49,400
He's also the point man for a local
group of JJMT sub -investors.
348
00:25:50,240 --> 00:25:55,100
Crandall wants in and ponies up $10 ,000
to join the group.
349
00:25:55,680 --> 00:26:00,359
After seeing a 12 % return on his first
investment, he bumps up the dollar
350
00:26:00,360 --> 00:26:01,740
amount the next time around.
351
00:26:02,670 --> 00:26:09,609
So like this one, as you can see, is
from July of 2017, where we
352
00:26:09,610 --> 00:26:10,970
invested $15 ,000.
353
00:26:11,530 --> 00:26:17,430
And I apparently invested in movies
called Red Con 1, The Forgiven,
354
00:26:17,630 --> 00:26:20,550
Origin Unknown, and Drop Off.
355
00:26:21,010 --> 00:26:27,209
The agreement was for them to pay me
back my $15 ,000 and then pay me
356
00:26:27,210 --> 00:26:31,090
$1 ,125 in interest.
357
00:26:32,360 --> 00:26:37,599
The group includes approximately three
dozen other sub -investors. But they
358
00:26:37,600 --> 00:26:41,360
aren't the only ones raising funds for
Zach Horowitz and one in a million.
359
00:26:41,940 --> 00:26:46,819
There was probably five big investment
groups that all had sub -investors
360
00:26:46,820 --> 00:26:47,779
underneath them.
361
00:26:47,780 --> 00:26:51,820
So GJMT was the largest investor for
sure.
362
00:26:52,560 --> 00:26:57,919
The feds say the other groups are the
Movie Fund, Voss Films, Pure Health
363
00:26:57,920 --> 00:26:59,940
Enterprises, and SAC.
364
00:27:01,640 --> 00:27:05,919
All of the investment groups are based
outside of Hollywood. An important
365
00:27:05,920 --> 00:27:10,119
detail, according to Hollywood -based
investigative journalist Allison Hope
366
00:27:10,120 --> 00:27:15,179
Weiner. If he tells people that he's
involved in all these projects in
367
00:27:15,180 --> 00:27:18,939
and they're not from Hollywood, I mean,
they don't know how the entertainment
368
00:27:18,940 --> 00:27:23,419
industry works. So it would be easier to
talk to people not in the business and
369
00:27:23,420 --> 00:27:28,000
kind of fudge what you're actually doing
in the business.
370
00:27:29,290 --> 00:27:32,630
HBO and Netflix are multi -billion
dollar businesses.
371
00:27:32,631 --> 00:27:37,589
Weiner stresses that they wouldn't be
working with a low -level actor like
372
00:27:37,590 --> 00:27:40,510
Horowitz, no matter how suave he may
seem.
373
00:27:41,250 --> 00:27:45,009
If you talk to somebody who's an
attorney in the movie business or in the
374
00:27:45,010 --> 00:27:48,289
streaming business, they're going to
know that nothing he's saying is true.
375
00:27:48,290 --> 00:27:49,340
Right away.
376
00:27:50,610 --> 00:27:54,310
But his investor's ignorance is
Horowitz's gain.
377
00:27:54,910 --> 00:27:59,110
He's raising hundreds of millions of
dollars and enjoying every minute of it.
378
00:28:00,190 --> 00:28:04,870
He purchased an opulent house on the
west side of Los Angeles.
379
00:28:05,170 --> 00:28:08,950
He had a full wine cellar, a home movie
theater.
380
00:28:09,750 --> 00:28:13,550
He spent it on private jets and private
yachts and so forth.
381
00:28:13,790 --> 00:28:19,009
He spent hundreds of thousands of
dollars on events like birthday parties
382
00:28:19,010 --> 00:28:23,550
spent all kinds of money taking junkets
to Las Vegas.
383
00:28:24,430 --> 00:28:31,209
He spent the investor funds on Amex
bills north of $6 million, party
384
00:28:31,210 --> 00:28:33,010
ranging in the six figures.
385
00:28:33,610 --> 00:28:38,629
He spent, I think it was north of $500
,000 on leases for like Audis and
386
00:28:38,630 --> 00:28:39,680
Mercedes.
387
00:28:41,310 --> 00:28:45,650
Horowitz marries his college sweetheart
at the Four Seasons in Beverly Hills.
388
00:28:46,510 --> 00:28:52,010
He acts like a real Angeleno and buys
courtside seats to Lakers games.
389
00:28:52,011 --> 00:28:53,709
He was great.
390
00:28:53,710 --> 00:28:56,029
It was always a good time with him, kind
of similar to college. Like, you go
391
00:28:56,030 --> 00:28:59,160
out, he's buying all the drinks, he's
got the good places to go.
392
00:29:00,370 --> 00:29:04,350
For more than five years, Horwich lives
the Hollywood high life.
393
00:29:05,570 --> 00:29:09,990
But eventually, his insatiable spending
habits catch up with him.
394
00:29:11,710 --> 00:29:16,290
Next on American Greed, Horwich's
fantasy comes crashing down.
395
00:29:17,400 --> 00:29:20,460
and his investors must face the cruel
reality.
396
00:29:20,461 --> 00:29:24,319
This one is tragic because it started
off as imaginary and continued imaginary
397
00:29:24,320 --> 00:29:26,020
and then grew so large.
398
00:29:27,100 --> 00:29:28,240
Want more greed?
399
00:29:28,640 --> 00:29:33,339
Follow us on Instagram, connect on
Facebook, and listen to the American
400
00:29:33,340 --> 00:29:36,020
podcast wherever you get your podcasts.
401
00:29:36,640 --> 00:29:37,690
We'll be right back.
402
00:29:46,320 --> 00:29:52,280
One unusual thing about Zach Horowitz's
business is other than his JJMT pals,
403
00:29:52,600 --> 00:29:56,060
few individual investors have ever met
him in person.
404
00:29:56,700 --> 00:30:01,379
Investigators say Horowitz generally
worked directly with the principals of
405
00:30:01,380 --> 00:30:02,480
main investor group.
406
00:30:02,840 --> 00:30:06,959
He does a very good job of finding
people that, you know, believe in him
407
00:30:06,960 --> 00:30:09,820
then kind of provide credibility to him.
408
00:30:10,140 --> 00:30:12,160
No investor is dealing with Horowitz.
409
00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:15,380
They are dealing with their buddy.
410
00:30:15,840 --> 00:30:19,619
who brought him in at the aggregator
level, who then deal with the guys at
411
00:30:19,620 --> 00:30:20,670
or SAC.
412
00:30:21,520 --> 00:30:26,279
In Orange County, Terry Crandall has
been investing through his neighbor, who
413
00:30:26,280 --> 00:30:28,560
then forwards the money to JJMT.
414
00:30:29,060 --> 00:30:33,020
I never met the J's or the M's or the
T's. I never met Horowitz.
415
00:30:33,500 --> 00:30:38,040
In two years, he's made nearly $30 ,000
in profits.
416
00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:43,099
Things are going so well, Crandall says
he starts borrowing money against his
417
00:30:43,100 --> 00:30:45,440
assets for more investment funds.
418
00:30:45,800 --> 00:30:49,699
We had done the math, sort of like
taking equity out of our cars, right? We
419
00:30:49,700 --> 00:30:55,580
could pay for our cars with the interest
rate gains for the year.
420
00:30:56,220 --> 00:31:01,539
While his wife has a stable career,
Crandall says he plans to quit his
421
00:31:01,540 --> 00:31:05,860
job to pursue his dream of starting the
Voting Smarter app and website.
422
00:31:06,260 --> 00:31:12,580
Crandall says he's ready to take $400
,000 in equity out of his home, invest
423
00:31:12,640 --> 00:31:14,120
and live off the interest.
424
00:31:14,660 --> 00:31:19,219
If it, around 20 to 25 percent, if I
could put in $400 ,000 into this
425
00:31:19,220 --> 00:31:23,940
investment, I could make $100 ,000 a
year.
426
00:31:24,970 --> 00:31:27,020
which is what I was making as a
professor.
427
00:31:27,650 --> 00:31:33,749
He says he knows it's a crazy idea, but
the thought of making easy money is too
428
00:31:33,750 --> 00:31:34,800
hard to resist.
429
00:31:35,250 --> 00:31:39,769
No matter how cautious you are, no
matter how thoughtful you are, or how
430
00:31:39,770 --> 00:31:46,190
you think you are, there'll be a moment
where the greed can get to you.
431
00:31:46,890 --> 00:31:52,129
Bells would go off, and the little greed
monster in your brain silences the
432
00:31:52,130 --> 00:31:53,180
bells.
433
00:31:54,350 --> 00:32:00,529
In December 2019, Crandall is expecting
his latest windfall as his six -month
434
00:32:00,530 --> 00:32:02,290
note is just about due.
435
00:32:02,670 --> 00:32:07,309
Yeah, I mean, we were waiting for our
$105 ,000 worth of principal back, as
436
00:32:07,310 --> 00:32:11,430
as, you know, another $18 ,700 of
interest.
437
00:32:13,010 --> 00:32:16,650
But he soon learns that the money isn't
coming.
438
00:32:17,270 --> 00:32:20,460
We got an email saying, hey, look, the
Netflix deals are on hold.
439
00:32:20,610 --> 00:32:22,110
They're auditing everything.
440
00:32:23,240 --> 00:32:27,919
He frantically calls his neighbor, who
tries to reassure him that nothing is
441
00:32:27,920 --> 00:32:28,970
wrong.
442
00:32:29,040 --> 00:32:32,260
I said, my bells are going off. He's
like, no, this is legit.
443
00:32:33,280 --> 00:32:36,760
I was like, okay. And then another
month, another delay.
444
00:32:37,620 --> 00:32:42,499
What Terry Crandall and his neighbor
don't know is that Zach Horwitz isn't
445
00:32:42,500 --> 00:32:44,120
whip -smart young entrepreneur.
446
00:32:45,080 --> 00:32:47,420
He's a con man running a Ponzi scheme.
447
00:32:48,000 --> 00:32:49,860
His entire business is fake.
448
00:32:50,460 --> 00:32:52,630
There's never been any film
distribution.
449
00:32:53,130 --> 00:32:55,990
No selling of film rights to Netflix or
HBO.
450
00:32:57,690 --> 00:33:02,490
He's just an actor playing the role of a
real -life villain.
451
00:33:02,491 --> 00:33:07,029
Like, no matter what, every new project
you go into, you're nervous because you
452
00:33:07,030 --> 00:33:10,009
have that imposter syndrome where it's
like, am I supposed to be here? Are they
453
00:33:10,010 --> 00:33:12,629
going to find out that I'm this fraud
the whole time?
454
00:33:12,630 --> 00:33:17,329
It was clear from the beginning that it
was just fake from the get -go. This one
455
00:33:17,330 --> 00:33:20,989
is tragic because it started off as
imaginary and continued imaginary and
456
00:33:20,990 --> 00:33:22,210
grew so large.
457
00:33:23,400 --> 00:33:26,520
By late 2019, the inevitable arrives.
458
00:33:27,020 --> 00:33:28,900
Horowitz is out of cash.
459
00:33:29,520 --> 00:33:35,699
He stopped being able to make payments
on the promissory notes. There was
460
00:33:35,700 --> 00:33:40,900
outstanding obligations of over $230
million at that point.
461
00:33:42,000 --> 00:33:47,719
Ponzi schemes require a constant
infusion of new investors and new cash
462
00:33:47,720 --> 00:33:48,840
off old investors.
463
00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:52,880
Without fresh victims, the schemes
always collapse.
464
00:33:53,440 --> 00:33:57,600
It's impossible for a Ponzi scheme to
end well. It is mathematically
465
00:33:58,040 --> 00:34:03,319
No matter how successful you are at
operating a Ponzi scheme, eventually
466
00:34:03,320 --> 00:34:07,839
a limit to how much new money you can
recruit, how much new money you can
467
00:34:07,840 --> 00:34:08,879
into the scheme.
468
00:34:08,880 --> 00:34:10,990
And that's what happened to Zach
Horwitz.
469
00:34:13,320 --> 00:34:18,079
Ironically, just when his film
distribution business is hitting the
470
00:34:18,080 --> 00:34:20,920
Horowitz's acting career seems to be on
the rise.
471
00:34:21,239 --> 00:34:26,939
He appears in The White Crow with Ralph
Fiennes and Last Moment of Clarity with
472
00:34:26,940 --> 00:34:27,990
Brian Cox.
473
00:34:28,100 --> 00:34:34,619
And in a bit of art imitating life, Zach
is cast as a criminal in the film The
474
00:34:34,620 --> 00:34:35,670
Gateway.
475
00:34:35,960 --> 00:34:39,840
One thing that Zach likes to do is
intense themes.
476
00:34:40,679 --> 00:34:45,439
This was a good fit for him, you know,
like he had his moments of just being
477
00:34:45,440 --> 00:34:50,019
really, really aggressive, which I'm
sure he picked up from his intramural
478
00:34:50,020 --> 00:34:51,219
football days.
479
00:34:53,360 --> 00:34:59,059
Next on American Greed, Horowitz learns
to play the strong silent type when the
480
00:34:59,060 --> 00:35:01,120
feds finally catch up with him.
481
00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:03,520
He didn't ask why he was being arrested.
482
00:35:04,180 --> 00:35:06,320
Didn't seem surprised that we were
there.
483
00:35:19,950 --> 00:35:25,710
In early 2020, it appears Zach Horwitz
is about to face his day of reckoning.
484
00:35:26,070 --> 00:35:30,450
He's out of money and making more
excuses to investors than payments.
485
00:35:32,150 --> 00:35:36,710
But in the month of March, an unlikely
event buys him some time.
486
00:35:37,430 --> 00:35:41,130
And then COVID hit, and it was just
like, well, what do we need the money
487
00:35:41,131 --> 00:35:42,149
right? The world's ending.
488
00:35:42,150 --> 00:35:45,010
Everybody started to lock down in March,
April.
489
00:35:45,640 --> 00:35:51,499
And so I think it created an environment
where it was easier for him to say, you
490
00:35:51,500 --> 00:35:52,820
know, why there was delays.
491
00:35:53,500 --> 00:35:58,979
Horowitz uses the downtime to concoct
some explanations for his inability to
492
00:35:58,980 --> 00:36:05,099
up. He used the excuse that Warner was
buying HBO, and as a result of their
493
00:36:05,100 --> 00:36:09,519
acquisition, they were holding off on
payments to any contracts, and they
494
00:36:09,520 --> 00:36:11,320
to renegotiate all the contracts.
495
00:36:12,840 --> 00:36:16,340
Coincidentally, he says, Netflix also
has issues.
496
00:36:17,040 --> 00:36:21,559
He just claimed that, oh, Netflix was
conducting an audit of all their content
497
00:36:21,560 --> 00:36:26,499
that they were purchasing, and until the
audit was complete, no payments could
498
00:36:26,500 --> 00:36:27,550
be made.
499
00:36:27,900 --> 00:36:33,299
To help cover his tracks, Horwich types
up some fake correspondence and presents
500
00:36:33,300 --> 00:36:34,380
them to his investors.
501
00:36:35,040 --> 00:36:40,760
He would create from whole cloth fake
emails or text messages with...
502
00:36:41,210 --> 00:36:44,010
supposed employees of Netflix and HBO.
503
00:36:44,290 --> 00:36:49,769
And these emails look very legitimate,
again, using real people that worked at
504
00:36:49,770 --> 00:36:50,820
HBO and Netflix.
505
00:36:52,290 --> 00:36:57,089
For Terry Crandall, the sequence of
events prevents him from taking out a
506
00:36:57,090 --> 00:36:59,010
,000 mortgage on his home.
507
00:36:59,990 --> 00:37:04,390
Luckily, the payments sort of stopped,
and it just wasn't the right thing to
508
00:37:04,470 --> 00:37:08,790
We had at least enough sense not to do
that and potentially lose our home.
509
00:37:10,080 --> 00:37:13,820
Horwitz manages to drag out the
proceedings for over a year.
510
00:37:15,880 --> 00:37:20,559
Brian Michael is an L .A.-based attorney
who is representing three of the men in
511
00:37:20,560 --> 00:37:24,960
JJMT. Tyler Crookston left the group in
2018.
512
00:37:25,700 --> 00:37:30,299
Zach was able to engage in a very
sophisticated effort to do what is known
513
00:37:30,300 --> 00:37:35,759
lulling and to keep the JJMT members and
the subnote holders from suspecting
514
00:37:35,760 --> 00:37:36,960
that there was any fraud.
515
00:37:39,150 --> 00:37:45,769
But in early 2021, many investors,
including Horwich's college friends, are
516
00:37:45,770 --> 00:37:48,650
up with the excuses and contact the
authorities.
517
00:37:49,290 --> 00:37:53,269
So we brought it to the FBI, we brought
it to the Justice Department, and in
518
00:37:53,270 --> 00:37:57,030
essence said to them, we believe we have
been victims of a massive,
519
00:37:57,090 --> 00:37:59,310
sophisticated fraud. We need your help.
520
00:38:00,990 --> 00:38:06,709
In Horwich's film, The Gateway, his
character gets off a good zinger when
521
00:38:06,710 --> 00:38:08,310
arrested. How you doing, Mike?
522
00:38:08,990 --> 00:38:10,670
Same. Different toilet, officer.
523
00:38:12,590 --> 00:38:19,589
But Horowitz isn't as cocky on April
6th, 2021, when FBI agents show up at
524
00:38:19,590 --> 00:38:21,510
.A. home with an arrest warrant.
525
00:38:21,990 --> 00:38:27,469
One of the unique things about the
arrest was how calm he was when he came
526
00:38:27,470 --> 00:38:30,070
the door. He didn't ask why he was being
arrested.
527
00:38:30,410 --> 00:38:32,970
He didn't seem surprised that we were
there.
528
00:38:35,760 --> 00:38:39,180
Shortly after, Horwitz's wife files for
divorce.
529
00:38:40,600 --> 00:38:45,619
According to federal prosecutors,
Horwitz's Ponzi scheme is the largest in
530
00:38:45,620 --> 00:38:46,780
Hollywood history.
531
00:38:47,880 --> 00:38:54,399
Based on the evidence we've seen,
Horwitz raised over $650 million in the
532
00:38:54,400 --> 00:38:55,600
of this six -year scheme.
533
00:38:57,070 --> 00:39:01,449
One month after his arrest, Horwich is
indicted on five counts of securities
534
00:39:01,450 --> 00:39:06,770
fraud, six counts of wire fraud, and two
counts of aggravated identity theft.
535
00:39:07,590 --> 00:39:09,430
It was all a fraud.
536
00:39:09,710 --> 00:39:12,670
He had no relationship with Netflix.
537
00:39:12,930 --> 00:39:15,090
He had no relationship with HBO.
538
00:39:15,570 --> 00:39:19,969
He had no relationship with the sales
agents for the production companies that
539
00:39:19,970 --> 00:39:21,830
he said he was getting his movies from.
540
00:39:22,730 --> 00:39:27,750
The feds say Horowitz still owes
investors an astounding $230 million.
541
00:39:28,850 --> 00:39:33,329
Unfortunately, in this case, a lot of
the money has been squirreled away or
542
00:39:33,330 --> 00:39:37,190
already spent, but where that money is
now exactly is hard to say.
543
00:39:38,790 --> 00:39:43,430
In Orange County, Terry Crandall loses
over $100 ,000.
544
00:39:43,850 --> 00:39:46,330
His neighbor fares even worse.
545
00:39:47,560 --> 00:39:51,919
I mean, he lost millions of dollars. But
I know he's equally or more broken up
546
00:39:51,920 --> 00:39:57,159
about losing his investors' money, and I
just couldn't imagine if I'd lost my
547
00:39:57,160 --> 00:39:58,210
friends' money.
548
00:39:59,360 --> 00:40:03,880
Horwitz pleads guilty to securities
fraud and gets a 20 -year sentence.
549
00:40:03,881 --> 00:40:08,139
I think the sentencing was so harsh in
this case because the dollar amount to
550
00:40:08,140 --> 00:40:11,200
that law, $230 million restitution.
551
00:40:11,460 --> 00:40:14,180
The rest of the charges against him are
dropped.
552
00:40:14,890 --> 00:40:19,030
While Horowitz is the only person
charged in the case, the question
553
00:40:19,470 --> 00:40:23,550
what about his friends in JJMT and the
other investment groups?
554
00:40:23,850 --> 00:40:26,990
The feds say Horowitz acted alone.
555
00:40:27,630 --> 00:40:34,569
But Alexander Loftus, who represents
JJMT clients, says JJMT didn't do
556
00:40:34,570 --> 00:40:35,890
its due diligence.
557
00:40:36,430 --> 00:40:38,960
For example, Horowitz didn't have an
accountant.
558
00:40:39,510 --> 00:40:42,230
There was no audit of his financial
records.
559
00:40:43,790 --> 00:40:48,629
simple thing that didn't happen until
right before it collapsed is no one
560
00:40:48,630 --> 00:40:52,290
up the phone and called Netflix and
said, hey, what's going on here?
561
00:40:54,450 --> 00:41:00,590
The class action suit against JJMT seeks
damages of at least $120 million.
562
00:41:01,390 --> 00:41:05,189
For the civil claims, we don't need to
prove they knew anything. We proved it
563
00:41:05,190 --> 00:41:09,209
was dumb. And the basics of the claim is
this was dumb and you made money off of
564
00:41:09,210 --> 00:41:12,100
being dumb and you got to pay it back
because it was stupid.
565
00:41:12,810 --> 00:41:17,610
JJMT's attorney says the men should be
viewed as victims of Horwitz's scheme.
566
00:41:18,130 --> 00:41:22,650
They're 100 % victims. The Department of
Justice has recognized them as victims.
567
00:41:22,750 --> 00:41:26,889
And everything about the life they're
living today is reflective of someone
568
00:41:26,890 --> 00:41:31,869
has been horribly victimized and nearly
wiped out financially by the fraud of a
569
00:41:31,870 --> 00:41:32,920
friend.
570
00:41:36,680 --> 00:41:41,139
Zach Horwitz may have been a middling
actor, but to the film critic, his
571
00:41:41,140 --> 00:41:43,860
strongest performance was not on screen.
572
00:41:44,240 --> 00:41:48,999
If you're doing something of criminal
activity for seven to eight years, I
573
00:41:49,000 --> 00:41:53,380
at some point you start to believe that
you're not doing anything wrong at all.
574
00:41:53,640 --> 00:41:57,860
It sounds as though like he believed his
own part.
575
00:41:58,360 --> 00:41:59,880
That was his greatest role.
576
00:42:00,600 --> 00:42:02,340
And he'll never get an award for it.
577
00:42:05,880 --> 00:42:09,780
Meanwhile, Horowitz's victims are still
dealing with the fallout.
578
00:42:10,260 --> 00:42:16,619
I've tried to just put that mistake of
mine somewhere hidden
579
00:42:16,620 --> 00:42:18,640
in my past because I blame me.
580
00:42:18,641 --> 00:42:24,739
There's plenty of tricksters and
fraudsters out there and I should have
581
00:42:24,740 --> 00:42:25,790
better.
582
00:42:26,060 --> 00:42:31,499
Investors, family and friends can only
wonder how this whole thing happened in
583
00:42:31,500 --> 00:42:32,550
the first place.
584
00:42:32,900 --> 00:42:36,999
I would like to go see him face -to
-face and ask him why. I don't expect
585
00:42:37,000 --> 00:42:40,179
I'm going to get a truthful answer, but
I'd at least like to have the
586
00:42:40,180 --> 00:42:43,139
conversation. I mean, he was a good
friend of mine for half my life. I would
587
00:42:43,140 --> 00:42:48,659
just love to know what his endgame was
with this, and does he feel any remorse?
588
00:42:48,660 --> 00:42:50,540
Is there any remorse at all for this?
589
00:42:50,590 --> 00:42:55,140
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