Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:42,720
All I remember about the next thing is a blinding flash and, you know, a terrible bloody smell
2
00:00:42,720 --> 00:00:52,120
of cordite and things like that, but it was all just a mess, because the Germans, anything
3
00:00:52,120 --> 00:00:59,120
that was moving, they were shooting.
4
00:00:59,120 --> 00:01:14,760
The beach was covered in bodies and tanks and smoke.
5
00:01:14,760 --> 00:01:29,520
Everything was brighter, in my mind, than it would have been normally.
6
00:01:29,520 --> 00:01:43,440
This was it.
7
00:01:44,440 --> 00:01:47,440
Can you tell me about D-Day itself?
8
00:02:07,440 --> 00:02:11,440
Testing, testing, one, two, three. Testing, testing, one, two, three.
9
00:02:11,440 --> 00:02:18,440
Testing, testing, one, two, three.
10
00:02:18,440 --> 00:02:20,440
What had they told you beforehand to expect?
11
00:02:20,440 --> 00:02:25,440
Expect hell. They didn't lie to us about that.
12
00:02:25,440 --> 00:02:30,440
It was sheer nerves. Exhilarating nerves, if you know what I mean.
13
00:02:30,440 --> 00:02:45,440
Your task will not be an easy one. Your enemy is well-trained, well-equipped and battle-hardened.
14
00:02:45,440 --> 00:02:47,440
He will fight savagely.
15
00:03:00,440 --> 00:03:14,440
Mr Kelly, real one, can you tell me whereabouts you were born, please, first of all?
16
00:03:14,440 --> 00:03:26,440
Well, I was born in Liverpool, in a street called Doncaster Street.
17
00:03:26,440 --> 00:03:28,440
And what did your father do?
18
00:03:28,440 --> 00:03:37,440
My father was a sailmaker, and so was his entire family, actually.
19
00:03:37,440 --> 00:03:40,440
When the war came, what were you doing then?
20
00:03:40,440 --> 00:03:52,440
I think I was about 17 years of age. The bombing started at the end of, well, the early 1941.
21
00:03:52,440 --> 00:03:56,440
The corner of the street was actually destroyed by a semi-bomb.
22
00:03:56,440 --> 00:03:59,440
So I signed up for the Royal Marines.
23
00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:05,440
Because my eldest brother was already in the Marines then, and he was on leave.
24
00:04:05,440 --> 00:04:09,440
And he looked absolutely magnificent in his blue uniform.
25
00:04:17,440 --> 00:04:20,440
Why did you immediately volunteer?
26
00:04:20,440 --> 00:04:26,440
Well, it was a feeling amongst young men at that time that something was going to happen,
27
00:04:26,440 --> 00:04:30,440
and the Germans were at it again, and we weren't going to let them do that.
28
00:04:30,440 --> 00:04:41,440
And pride, I suppose, and patriotism, and the unknown sense of adventure again, I suppose.
29
00:04:41,440 --> 00:04:47,440
I told my mother that I was going to join the Marines, and of course she was upset.
30
00:04:47,440 --> 00:04:50,440
What did your mother say to you when you found out?
31
00:04:50,440 --> 00:04:52,440
Er...
32
00:04:52,440 --> 00:04:55,440
Please don't go.
33
00:04:55,440 --> 00:04:59,440
Wait until your father comes home. I'll talk it over with him.
34
00:05:05,440 --> 00:05:10,440
In 1944, World War II has been raging for over four years.
35
00:05:11,440 --> 00:05:15,440
From one side of Europe virtually to the other is under German control.
36
00:05:15,440 --> 00:05:17,440
This is Nazi territory.
37
00:05:17,440 --> 00:05:21,440
Germany is beginning to bring the war increasingly to Britain's doorstep,
38
00:05:21,440 --> 00:05:25,440
and there's a sense that, really, Britain's the only little bit that's left.
39
00:05:25,440 --> 00:05:28,440
The Allies had been thinking about how to get back into Europe
40
00:05:28,440 --> 00:05:32,440
ever since the defeat at Dunkirk in 1940.
41
00:05:32,440 --> 00:05:35,440
The ultimate goal is to get into Germany,
42
00:05:36,440 --> 00:05:39,440
the end point being that they get to Berlin,
43
00:05:39,440 --> 00:05:44,440
that they can overthrow Hitler in his own city at the very centre of the Third Reich.
44
00:05:44,440 --> 00:05:47,440
The Allies contemplated various different options for how this could be done,
45
00:05:47,440 --> 00:05:50,440
the best way, ultimately, to get to Germany.
46
00:05:50,440 --> 00:05:54,440
And they reasoned that the only way to do that is via northern France,
47
00:05:54,440 --> 00:05:57,440
just across the Channel from Britain.
48
00:05:58,440 --> 00:06:02,440
But to do this, they would need hundreds of thousands of men,
49
00:06:02,440 --> 00:06:05,440
and volunteers like James Kelly were key.
50
00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:30,440
I got a text emerald out of Majesty's safe.
51
00:06:30,440 --> 00:06:33,440
She said, what's this?
52
00:06:33,440 --> 00:06:36,440
So I said, I don't know.
53
00:06:36,440 --> 00:06:40,440
She said, what are you going to tell your father?
54
00:06:40,440 --> 00:06:42,440
So I said, I'm not sure.
55
00:06:42,440 --> 00:06:45,440
But I said, I'll do it on the face of the Germans and him.
56
00:06:57,440 --> 00:07:01,440
GERMANY, SEPTEMBER 1941
57
00:07:03,440 --> 00:07:09,440
For six months, I was at the Resistance Nest 62
58
00:07:09,440 --> 00:07:12,440
on the beach of the Kolewilfsee Sea.
59
00:07:21,440 --> 00:07:24,440
We wanted to defend our homeland.
60
00:07:24,440 --> 00:07:27,440
Because for us, our homeland was,
61
00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:30,440
through the many bomb attacks,
62
00:07:30,440 --> 00:07:34,440
more and more drawn into the Greeks.
63
00:07:38,440 --> 00:07:42,440
Every single soldier in these Resistance Nests
64
00:07:42,440 --> 00:07:47,440
was ordered to fight to the last cartridge and not to surrender.
65
00:07:47,440 --> 00:07:50,440
People like Franz Goeppel believed,
66
00:07:50,440 --> 00:07:54,440
if the Allies land, he would have to fight and die.
67
00:07:54,440 --> 00:07:57,440
There was only a slim chance to survive.
68
00:08:02,440 --> 00:08:05,440
Germany always knew that the Allies
69
00:08:05,440 --> 00:08:08,440
were highly likely to mount an invasion.
70
00:08:10,440 --> 00:08:12,440
And in anticipation of that,
71
00:08:12,440 --> 00:08:15,440
they created a huge series of fortifications
72
00:08:15,440 --> 00:08:19,440
all along the north of Europe that became known as the Atlantic Wall.
73
00:08:19,440 --> 00:08:21,440
Gun positions, bunkers, etc,
74
00:08:21,440 --> 00:08:25,440
that were all put together with the single intention of ensuring
75
00:08:25,440 --> 00:08:29,440
that if the Allies were to come, when the Allies came,
76
00:08:29,440 --> 00:08:32,440
then they would be pushed straight back into the ocean.
77
00:08:34,440 --> 00:08:37,440
The Germans also started to fortify the beaches,
78
00:08:37,440 --> 00:08:41,440
putting all sorts of armaments, barbed wire, huge pieces of equipment
79
00:08:41,440 --> 00:08:45,440
that would basically stop any landing force from being able to get too far.
80
00:08:46,440 --> 00:08:49,440
The beaches themselves were also mined.
81
00:08:49,440 --> 00:08:52,440
And above the beaches, there were strongpoints,
82
00:08:52,440 --> 00:08:56,440
manned by German troops who were armed with machine guns.
83
00:09:16,440 --> 00:09:20,440
When you look at the average German infantry division
84
00:09:20,440 --> 00:09:23,440
in the West in June 1944,
85
00:09:23,440 --> 00:09:26,440
they normally consist of 40% young recruits,
86
00:09:26,440 --> 00:09:30,440
17 or 18 years old, with still a solid training,
87
00:09:30,440 --> 00:09:33,440
but without any war experience.
88
00:09:35,440 --> 00:09:37,440
The German infantry division,
89
00:09:37,440 --> 00:09:40,440
which consisted of 40% young recruits,
90
00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:42,440
17 or 18 years old,
91
00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:44,440
with still a solid training,
92
00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:46,440
but without any war experience.
93
00:10:13,440 --> 00:10:17,440
Eventually, the Allies identified five beach landing areas
94
00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:20,440
across Normandy in northern France,
95
00:10:20,440 --> 00:10:23,440
where over 100,000 troops would land on D-Day.
96
00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:28,440
From the West, they went from Utah, Omaha,
97
00:10:28,440 --> 00:10:31,440
Gold, Juneau, and Sorbonne.
98
00:10:32,440 --> 00:10:35,440
The Allies were able to secure the beaches,
99
00:10:35,440 --> 00:10:38,440
and the Germans were able to secure the beaches.
100
00:10:38,440 --> 00:10:42,440
Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juneau, and Sorbonne.
101
00:10:42,440 --> 00:10:47,440
So Utah and Omaha were identified as being the American beaches.
102
00:10:47,440 --> 00:10:50,440
Juneau was going to be the Canadian beach,
103
00:10:50,440 --> 00:10:53,440
and then Gold and Sorbonne were Britain's beaches.
104
00:10:54,440 --> 00:10:57,440
It's really important to be clear about the fact
105
00:10:57,440 --> 00:11:01,440
that nothing of this scale had ever been attempted in human history.
106
00:11:01,440 --> 00:11:04,440
This is an event without precedent.
107
00:11:05,440 --> 00:11:08,440
The undertaking that was D-Day was absolutely vast.
108
00:11:08,440 --> 00:11:10,440
It's almost impossible to imagine.
109
00:11:10,440 --> 00:11:13,440
It's an incredible test of logistics.
110
00:11:13,440 --> 00:11:16,440
To have the right amount of aircraft, ships, landing craft,
111
00:11:16,440 --> 00:11:20,440
everybody ready at the same moment when they could launch this attack.
112
00:11:26,440 --> 00:11:29,440
It was going to need a massive amount of training for the troops involved,
113
00:11:29,440 --> 00:11:32,440
and a massive amount of new technology to be refined.
114
00:11:32,440 --> 00:11:36,440
Because, of course, the means of achieving this had never been done before.
115
00:11:37,440 --> 00:11:39,440
It's all very well to talk about secrecy,
116
00:11:39,440 --> 00:11:41,440
to hope that all this is private,
117
00:11:41,440 --> 00:11:44,440
but you would have had to have been blind and deaf, really,
118
00:11:44,440 --> 00:11:48,440
certainly in the south of England, not to notice that something was going on.
119
00:11:49,440 --> 00:11:51,440
Every little lane, the tanks,
120
00:11:52,440 --> 00:11:55,440
well, they turned bumper to bumper,
121
00:11:55,440 --> 00:11:58,440
if I used that, track to track.
122
00:11:58,440 --> 00:12:01,440
They were parked right down one side of the road,
123
00:12:01,440 --> 00:12:05,440
underneath the overhanging trees, wherever they could get.
124
00:12:05,440 --> 00:12:08,440
But even so, they weren't camouflaged.
125
00:12:08,440 --> 00:12:10,440
You couldn't camouflage them properly.
126
00:12:10,440 --> 00:12:12,440
And you were there for everybody to see.
127
00:12:16,440 --> 00:12:19,440
You've got hundreds of thousands of troops.
128
00:12:19,440 --> 00:12:22,440
All of them need to be trained and prepared.
129
00:12:22,440 --> 00:12:24,440
And these aren't just troops from Britain, either.
130
00:12:24,440 --> 00:12:27,440
They're from Canada and America.
131
00:12:31,440 --> 00:12:34,440
OK, you're Harry NMI Parley.
132
00:12:34,440 --> 00:12:36,440
That's right.
133
00:12:36,440 --> 00:12:41,440
My serial number was 3297-3006, I recall that.
134
00:12:45,440 --> 00:12:47,440
When did you go into the army?
135
00:12:47,440 --> 00:12:52,440
I went into the army in 1943.
136
00:12:52,440 --> 00:12:56,440
I got married before... I knew I was going to be drafted.
137
00:12:56,440 --> 00:12:58,440
You were 23 years old.
138
00:12:58,440 --> 00:12:59,440
Yes.
139
00:13:02,440 --> 00:13:06,440
American troops had been arriving in record numbers
140
00:13:06,440 --> 00:13:08,440
to Great Britain since 1943.
141
00:13:08,440 --> 00:13:11,440
In fact, by the end of May 1944,
142
00:13:11,440 --> 00:13:15,440
there were more than 1.5 million US personnel on British soil.
143
00:13:15,440 --> 00:13:19,440
And they were there to support or participate in D-Day
144
00:13:19,440 --> 00:13:22,440
and the Battle of Normandy that was to follow.
145
00:13:32,440 --> 00:13:35,440
My name is Thomas William Porcella.
146
00:13:35,440 --> 00:13:39,440
I was born in New York City, October 4th, 1923.
147
00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:46,440
Men like Tom Porcella were brought over in huge troop ships
148
00:13:46,440 --> 00:13:50,440
and they would land in places like Belfast or Liverpool
149
00:13:50,440 --> 00:13:52,440
and then they would attend training camps.
150
00:13:52,440 --> 00:13:56,440
These were mostly in southern England to prepare for the invasion.
151
00:13:56,440 --> 00:13:58,440
I was thinking to myself,
152
00:13:59,440 --> 00:14:01,440
I was thinking to myself,
153
00:14:01,440 --> 00:14:03,440
this is it.
154
00:14:03,440 --> 00:14:06,440
It's just a matter of time now and I will be in combat.
155
00:14:06,440 --> 00:14:09,440
I wonder what the hell my folks are doing back home.
156
00:14:09,440 --> 00:14:13,440
I wonder if they're thinking about the invasion like we are.
157
00:14:13,440 --> 00:14:16,440
I wonder what they would think if they knew at this moment
158
00:14:16,440 --> 00:14:21,440
their son Tom was preparing himself for this big invasion.
159
00:14:21,440 --> 00:14:24,440
All sorts of thoughts went through my mind.
160
00:14:25,440 --> 00:14:31,440
I was told that all the new arrivals were to be brought to company
161
00:14:31,440 --> 00:14:34,440
from about 250 to 300,
162
00:14:34,440 --> 00:14:40,440
that they expected about 30% casualty on the invasion
163
00:14:40,440 --> 00:14:42,440
and that we were it.
164
00:14:45,440 --> 00:14:48,440
One of the really difficult things about military planning
165
00:14:48,440 --> 00:14:53,440
is that you have to plan for a number of your own men getting killed.
166
00:14:54,440 --> 00:14:58,440
The strategists and the commanders knew that they were sending
167
00:14:58,440 --> 00:15:01,440
a percentage of these young men to their deaths
168
00:15:01,440 --> 00:15:06,440
because that's the only way that the invasion could have happened.
169
00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:09,440
They just hoped that they'd done whatever they could
170
00:15:09,440 --> 00:15:11,440
to mitigate the numbers.
171
00:15:13,440 --> 00:15:17,440
We wanted to go, most of us anyway wanted to go.
172
00:15:17,440 --> 00:15:19,440
It's something that had to be done.
173
00:15:19,440 --> 00:15:23,440
It might sound a bit gung-ho,
174
00:15:23,440 --> 00:15:26,440
but that's how we felt.
175
00:15:26,440 --> 00:15:28,440
We had to go and do it.
176
00:15:30,440 --> 00:15:37,440
I don't ever remember talking to anybody who was frightened or feared.
177
00:15:39,440 --> 00:15:45,440
I don't think frightening is the word for a young man.
178
00:15:45,440 --> 00:15:47,440
It's excitement really.
179
00:15:47,440 --> 00:15:51,440
If you stand back from us and watch it, I suppose that it is frightening.
180
00:15:51,440 --> 00:15:55,440
You do get this tingling.
181
00:15:55,440 --> 00:15:59,440
But I don't think I can honestly say that I was actually frightened.
182
00:16:08,440 --> 00:16:10,440
As well as the seaborne invasion,
183
00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:14,440
there was another aspect to D-Day which was absolutely crucial
184
00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:16,440
and this was the airborne assault.
185
00:16:18,440 --> 00:16:20,440
In the middle of the night before D-Day,
186
00:16:20,440 --> 00:16:23,440
hours before the troops would land on the Normandy beaches,
187
00:16:23,440 --> 00:16:27,440
thousands of men would be dropped behind enemy lines.
188
00:16:29,440 --> 00:16:33,440
And leading one of these units was Major John Howard.
189
00:16:34,440 --> 00:16:38,440
John Howard, D-Day
190
00:16:40,440 --> 00:16:47,440
Well, I'd like to begin, at the beginning, with you.
191
00:16:48,440 --> 00:16:52,440
Well, I had a very poor childhood.
192
00:16:52,440 --> 00:16:56,440
My father, when he married my mother,
193
00:16:56,440 --> 00:16:59,440
slightly older than him,
194
00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:04,440
was a baker's roundsman with a horse and cart in London,
195
00:17:04,440 --> 00:17:07,440
in the Tomahawk Road area.
196
00:17:08,440 --> 00:17:11,440
As the eldest of a very poor family,
197
00:17:11,440 --> 00:17:15,440
I had to become a breadwinner as soon as possible.
198
00:17:17,440 --> 00:17:19,440
So I joined the army.
199
00:17:21,440 --> 00:17:24,440
I was promoted to Major.
200
00:17:27,440 --> 00:17:32,440
John Howard, he was an officer slightly different
201
00:17:32,440 --> 00:17:39,440
than the normal officer type, if you can use that expression.
202
00:17:39,440 --> 00:17:42,440
He was a dedicated man. He was a fanatic.
203
00:17:48,440 --> 00:17:51,440
He was determined to make that company the company,
204
00:17:51,440 --> 00:17:54,440
not only the best company in the outfit, in the regiment,
205
00:17:54,440 --> 00:17:56,440
but in the division.
206
00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:05,440
And the next thing I heard was that the 52nd,
207
00:18:05,440 --> 00:18:09,440
that's the 2nd Battalion, who'd come home from India,
208
00:18:11,440 --> 00:18:13,440
was going to be airborne.
209
00:18:14,440 --> 00:18:16,440
Going to be glider troops.
210
00:18:18,440 --> 00:18:20,440
And I was interested in this.
211
00:18:24,440 --> 00:18:27,440
The plan on D-Day was for some of the airborne troops
212
00:18:27,440 --> 00:18:29,440
to fly in on gliders.
213
00:18:29,440 --> 00:18:32,440
Essentially a new concept in warfare.
214
00:18:32,440 --> 00:18:35,440
They were really lightweight wooden gliders.
215
00:18:36,440 --> 00:18:39,440
They were to be towed across on D-Day on bombers
216
00:18:39,440 --> 00:18:41,440
and then they would be released.
217
00:18:41,440 --> 00:18:44,440
Of course, one of the most useful things about the gliders,
218
00:18:44,440 --> 00:18:46,440
quite apart from the fact they could put these people
219
00:18:46,440 --> 00:18:48,440
all together into one place at one time,
220
00:18:48,440 --> 00:18:50,440
is that as soon as they'd been released,
221
00:18:50,440 --> 00:18:52,440
they were completely silent.
222
00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:57,440
They were a really useful means of a surprise attack.
223
00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:02,440
What was the appeal?
224
00:19:04,440 --> 00:19:07,440
I suppose there was a bit of glamour about it as well.
225
00:19:07,440 --> 00:19:10,440
Everything was a bit hush-hush as it happened, you know.
226
00:19:14,440 --> 00:19:16,440
In the final weeks before D-Day,
227
00:19:16,440 --> 00:19:18,440
soldiers were moved to sealed camps
228
00:19:18,440 --> 00:19:20,440
where they learnt their missions.
229
00:19:20,440 --> 00:19:23,440
The soldiers inside these camps were effectively sealed off.
230
00:19:23,440 --> 00:19:26,440
They weren't allowed in or out of the camp boundaries.
231
00:19:26,440 --> 00:19:29,440
No telephone calls home, for example.
232
00:19:29,440 --> 00:19:31,440
Any correspondence would be censored.
233
00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:33,440
Secrecy was paramount.
234
00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:37,440
And I imagine that the tension started to build
235
00:19:37,440 --> 00:19:39,440
in these sealed camps as well.
236
00:19:41,440 --> 00:19:43,440
There was a sort of fever.
237
00:19:43,440 --> 00:19:46,440
And we knew that there was definitely something going on.
238
00:19:46,440 --> 00:19:48,440
A rumour started from nowhere.
239
00:19:48,440 --> 00:19:51,440
We had to attack some places, take some bridges.
240
00:19:51,440 --> 00:19:56,440
My camera was lucky to be selected for what turned out to be
241
00:19:56,440 --> 00:19:58,440
a wonderful operation.
242
00:19:58,440 --> 00:20:03,440
Glydebourne, to capture two bridges in Normandy.
243
00:20:07,440 --> 00:20:11,440
John Howard's objective on D-Day was to secure the Bennuville Bridge,
244
00:20:11,440 --> 00:20:13,440
later became known as Pegasus Bridge.
245
00:20:13,440 --> 00:20:15,440
This bridge was really critical.
246
00:20:15,440 --> 00:20:18,440
It's really close to the landing beach at Sword.
247
00:20:18,440 --> 00:20:22,440
So securing this bridge should allow the troops coming in from Sword
248
00:20:22,440 --> 00:20:25,440
and those further along to come across
249
00:20:25,440 --> 00:20:27,440
and move on towards their objectives.
250
00:20:27,440 --> 00:20:31,440
If it's not secured, it allows the Germans to do the opposite
251
00:20:31,440 --> 00:20:34,440
and move tanks and troops towards them
252
00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:38,440
and potentially to wreak havoc upon them on the beach.
253
00:20:39,440 --> 00:20:43,440
This was an incredibly bold plan by an elite unit
254
00:20:43,440 --> 00:20:46,440
that would become the start of D-Day.
255
00:20:49,440 --> 00:20:51,440
It's only a few days before D-Day itself
256
00:20:51,440 --> 00:20:53,440
that they're showing this scale model
257
00:20:53,440 --> 00:20:55,440
so that when they stepped off the plane,
258
00:20:55,440 --> 00:20:59,440
the idea was that nothing would come as a surprise.
259
00:21:00,440 --> 00:21:02,440
We all had to go into a big tent,
260
00:21:02,440 --> 00:21:07,440
and there, laying on the table, was this thing.
261
00:21:07,440 --> 00:21:10,440
We just looked at it, and there it was.
262
00:21:10,440 --> 00:21:12,440
The bridge, rivers.
263
00:21:12,440 --> 00:21:15,440
We knew there was something to do with the river.
264
00:21:15,440 --> 00:21:17,440
We knew there was something to do with the bridge.
265
00:21:17,440 --> 00:21:20,440
There was all sorts of guesses as to where it could be.
266
00:21:20,440 --> 00:21:22,440
Nobody had a clue.
267
00:21:22,440 --> 00:21:25,440
And even when we were shown it and everything else,
268
00:21:25,440 --> 00:21:27,440
we weren't told where it was.
269
00:21:30,440 --> 00:21:33,440
In the briefing, did you give them a pretty good rundown
270
00:21:33,440 --> 00:21:37,440
on not only the immediate objectives,
271
00:21:37,440 --> 00:21:41,440
but did you also then say, now, the big picture is?
272
00:21:41,440 --> 00:21:43,440
Oh, yes, everybody had that quite clear in their mind
273
00:21:43,440 --> 00:21:46,440
and knew where we fit into the picture.
274
00:21:46,440 --> 00:21:49,440
The first people to land that night,
275
00:21:49,440 --> 00:21:53,440
and it really did hit them between the eyes.
276
00:21:54,440 --> 00:21:57,440
MUSIC PLAYS
277
00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:11,440
The night before D-Day, over 7,000 boats set off,
278
00:22:11,440 --> 00:22:15,440
laden with troops, weapons, tanks and explosives
279
00:22:15,440 --> 00:22:19,440
from different points all along the south coast of Britain.
280
00:22:19,440 --> 00:22:22,440
They would travel through the night and wait off the French coast,
281
00:22:22,440 --> 00:22:25,440
ready to launch the assault the next morning.
282
00:22:28,440 --> 00:22:31,440
Well, on the night of the 5th, we went.
283
00:22:31,440 --> 00:22:33,440
It's an amazing, amazing sight.
284
00:22:35,440 --> 00:22:40,440
Everywhere you looked, there were ships of all shapes and sizes.
285
00:22:41,440 --> 00:22:45,440
The sky always seemed to be full of hour planes
286
00:22:45,440 --> 00:22:48,440
with the black and white stripes on them.
287
00:22:48,440 --> 00:22:51,440
And everything seemed to stand out in technical.
288
00:22:51,440 --> 00:22:52,440
It seemed to be...
289
00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:57,440
..a psychedelic picture.
290
00:22:58,440 --> 00:23:02,440
But it was a lovely feeling, because they were all ours.
291
00:23:02,440 --> 00:23:04,440
Everything was ours.
292
00:23:04,440 --> 00:23:09,440
And then we went off to Normandy, through the night.
293
00:23:10,440 --> 00:23:15,440
Everything seemed to be ex... What's the word I'm looking for?
294
00:23:15,440 --> 00:23:18,440
Exaggerated. Exaggerated, yes.
295
00:23:18,440 --> 00:23:20,440
Everything in colour. Technical.
296
00:23:26,440 --> 00:23:29,440
We went to support these landing craft infantry.
297
00:23:29,440 --> 00:23:31,440
They were very, very cramped.
298
00:23:31,440 --> 00:23:34,440
And, you know, you have memories of...
299
00:23:35,440 --> 00:23:38,440
..of just things that may happen to you, you know.
300
00:23:38,440 --> 00:23:43,440
And what I associate with those craft were self-eating soup.
301
00:23:43,440 --> 00:23:45,440
I know it sounds outlandish, but...
302
00:23:45,440 --> 00:23:46,440
..self-eating soup.
303
00:23:46,440 --> 00:23:49,440
It was the only way you were going to get a hot meal.
304
00:23:49,440 --> 00:23:51,440
That's what I remember about the landing craft.
305
00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:54,440
Self-eating soup and a desire to be sick.
306
00:23:54,440 --> 00:23:56,440
It was a terrible, rough crossing.
307
00:24:02,440 --> 00:24:06,440
From the Allies' perspective, D-Day was a massive gamble.
308
00:24:06,440 --> 00:24:08,440
Because if those men were to be lost
309
00:24:08,440 --> 00:24:11,440
and that equipment was to be destroyed,
310
00:24:11,440 --> 00:24:13,440
then how do you start again?
311
00:24:13,440 --> 00:24:16,440
But not only that, they would then know
312
00:24:16,440 --> 00:24:20,440
that the Germans knew what their plan was.
313
00:24:20,440 --> 00:24:23,440
So they would have to completely reconceive
314
00:24:23,440 --> 00:24:26,440
how any sort of future invasion could have worked.
315
00:24:27,440 --> 00:24:30,440
The stakes are extraordinarily high.
316
00:24:30,440 --> 00:24:34,440
And it's really impossible to overstate that point.
317
00:24:44,440 --> 00:24:46,440
You must have been apprehensive
318
00:24:46,440 --> 00:24:49,440
about the possibility of being killed on men.
319
00:24:49,440 --> 00:24:53,440
No. As a matter of fact, looking back to the fellows I spoke to
320
00:24:53,440 --> 00:24:56,440
when we did, they were so keen,
321
00:24:56,440 --> 00:25:01,440
but at the same time so ignorant of true warfare.
322
00:25:01,440 --> 00:25:04,440
And this is one of the things that keeps a man going in battle.
323
00:25:04,440 --> 00:25:07,440
He can always imagine his mate being killed.
324
00:25:07,440 --> 00:25:10,440
He can always imagine his mate being killed.
325
00:25:10,440 --> 00:25:13,440
He can always imagine himself getting a nice, tidy wound
326
00:25:13,440 --> 00:25:16,440
across the head or through the leg or the shoulder.
327
00:25:16,440 --> 00:25:19,440
The thing that keeps most men going in battle is,
328
00:25:19,440 --> 00:25:22,440
despite seeing men die left, right and centre,
329
00:25:22,440 --> 00:25:26,440
they always seem to get this idea that it's not going to be them.
330
00:25:30,440 --> 00:25:33,440
The risks with the gliders were incredibly high
331
00:25:33,440 --> 00:25:35,440
because they had no engines.
332
00:25:35,440 --> 00:25:38,440
When they were released, the pilots had really limited means
333
00:25:38,440 --> 00:25:40,440
of controlling what was happening.
334
00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:42,440
And what they were essentially doing
335
00:25:42,440 --> 00:25:45,440
was kind of a controlled crash landing.
336
00:25:45,440 --> 00:25:47,440
If they were to hit anything solid
337
00:25:47,440 --> 00:25:50,440
or to miss their original landing point,
338
00:25:50,440 --> 00:25:54,440
there was nothing that the pilot could do but accept what was to come.
339
00:25:58,440 --> 00:26:01,440
Up at the airfield, everybody went to their gliders
340
00:26:01,440 --> 00:26:04,440
to check the equipment was all tied all right.
341
00:26:08,440 --> 00:26:10,440
Before that glider went off,
342
00:26:10,440 --> 00:26:13,440
I managed to get the longest piece of chalk.
343
00:26:13,440 --> 00:26:16,440
I put Lady Irene right along the side of it.
344
00:26:16,440 --> 00:26:18,440
Lady what? Lady Irene.
345
00:26:18,440 --> 00:26:20,440
That's my wife's name.
346
00:26:20,440 --> 00:26:24,440
I put Lady Irene in great big white letters all along the side.
347
00:26:24,440 --> 00:26:27,440
And I kept that bit of chalk and I wouldn't let anybody else have it.
348
00:26:27,440 --> 00:26:29,440
Nobody else was going to scrawl on that.
349
00:26:29,440 --> 00:26:31,440
That was Lady Irene.
350
00:26:31,440 --> 00:26:33,440
And then Jack Bailey, my old mate down there,
351
00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:35,440
he's still down there with me, said,
352
00:26:35,440 --> 00:26:37,440
let's have a bit of chalk.
353
00:26:37,440 --> 00:26:39,440
Come from the same area, Lewisham.
354
00:26:39,440 --> 00:26:42,440
He said, I'll let you have it, Jack, and I want it back.
355
00:26:42,440 --> 00:26:44,440
And he put Lewisham Special on the other side.
356
00:26:44,440 --> 00:26:46,440
Lewisham Special? Lewisham.
357
00:26:46,440 --> 00:26:48,440
The borough we live in, South London.
358
00:26:59,440 --> 00:27:03,440
My clearest memory was a somewhat sad one
359
00:27:03,440 --> 00:27:05,440
of going round and giving farewell.
360
00:27:11,440 --> 00:27:13,440
It really was a tough time going round
361
00:27:13,440 --> 00:27:15,440
with a lump in your throat.
362
00:27:17,440 --> 00:27:21,440
I got back to my glider and shut the doors.
363
00:27:23,440 --> 00:27:27,440
And right on the dot of 2256 I was airborne.
364
00:27:34,440 --> 00:27:36,440
WHIRRING
365
00:27:41,440 --> 00:27:46,440
As soon as we got up to 5,000 or 6,000 feet,
366
00:27:46,440 --> 00:27:49,440
the men started loosening their tongues
367
00:27:49,440 --> 00:27:51,440
and a lot of singing went on.
368
00:27:53,440 --> 00:27:56,440
We sang everything, anything we could lay our tongues to.
369
00:27:56,440 --> 00:27:59,440
Simple as that. It was sheer nerves.
370
00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:02,440
But exhilarating nerves, if you know what I mean.
371
00:28:02,440 --> 00:28:04,440
Absolutely.
372
00:28:05,440 --> 00:28:07,440
Going through my own mind, apart from the plan
373
00:28:07,440 --> 00:28:10,440
and what was going to meet us at the other end.
374
00:28:11,440 --> 00:28:14,440
I mean, one couldn't help thinking of your family.
375
00:28:17,440 --> 00:28:21,440
Dan Brotheridge, he was the platoon commander I was closest with.
376
00:28:21,440 --> 00:28:24,440
He was the oldest officer next to me.
377
00:28:27,440 --> 00:28:30,440
Most of his platoon were cocknets.
378
00:28:30,440 --> 00:28:35,440
And I was a Londoner myself and felt very much at home with cocknets.
379
00:28:36,440 --> 00:28:40,440
My wife, Joy, and Margaret, Dan's wife, were pregnant together.
380
00:28:40,440 --> 00:28:43,440
And we discussed it quite often, Dan and I.
381
00:28:44,440 --> 00:28:46,440
He was obviously very worried
382
00:28:46,440 --> 00:28:50,440
because the date that Margaret's child was due
383
00:28:50,440 --> 00:28:52,440
was the fortnight after D-Day.
384
00:28:56,440 --> 00:28:58,440
Having a journey out, shout out.
385
00:29:00,440 --> 00:29:04,440
Something about we're over the coast, or words to that effect.
386
00:29:04,440 --> 00:29:07,440
Now you begin to get a little bit.
387
00:29:07,440 --> 00:29:09,440
Canary over occupied Europe.
388
00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:12,440
You know where I've been.
389
00:29:17,440 --> 00:29:19,440
And the next thing, we cast off.
390
00:29:21,440 --> 00:29:23,440
Seeing them stopped.
391
00:29:25,440 --> 00:29:28,440
When we levelled out a bit at 1,000 feet,
392
00:29:28,440 --> 00:29:30,440
we opened the doors of the gliders.
393
00:29:33,440 --> 00:29:37,440
Now I could look forward at the fields of France
394
00:29:38,440 --> 00:29:41,440
and it had an amazing tranquilising effect on me.
395
00:29:42,440 --> 00:29:47,440
And it was so quiet, it was like being on an exercise in England.
396
00:29:58,440 --> 00:30:01,440
But they all flew very, very high
397
00:30:01,440 --> 00:30:04,440
and soon bombarded my line.
398
00:30:05,440 --> 00:30:07,440
But we suddenly heard
399
00:30:08,440 --> 00:30:12,440
at least one very, very low-flying aircraft.
400
00:30:12,440 --> 00:30:13,440
From the noise.
401
00:30:13,440 --> 00:30:15,440
But that had irritated us.
402
00:30:15,440 --> 00:30:16,440
What was that?
403
00:30:16,440 --> 00:30:18,440
That was new to us.
404
00:30:23,440 --> 00:30:25,440
The glider suddenly did a right-hand turn.
405
00:30:29,440 --> 00:30:33,440
And we came to what we knew was going to be
406
00:30:33,440 --> 00:30:35,440
the toughest moment of the lot.
407
00:30:36,440 --> 00:30:37,440
The crash land.
408
00:30:46,440 --> 00:30:50,440
I could see the glider pilot holding that bloody great machine
409
00:30:50,440 --> 00:30:52,440
and driving it in at the last minute.
410
00:30:52,440 --> 00:30:55,440
Those damn great footballs of sweat.
411
00:30:55,440 --> 00:30:58,440
Those damn great footballs of sweat
412
00:30:58,440 --> 00:31:01,440
across his forehead and all over his face.
413
00:31:02,440 --> 00:31:03,440
And then the summit bang.
414
00:31:05,440 --> 00:31:06,440
More bang.
415
00:31:07,440 --> 00:31:09,440
Onto the top of the trees.
416
00:31:10,440 --> 00:31:11,440
And there was zombies.
417
00:31:11,440 --> 00:31:12,440
Rending.
418
00:31:12,440 --> 00:31:13,440
Splash.
419
00:31:13,440 --> 00:31:14,440
Made to lumber.
420
00:31:14,440 --> 00:31:15,440
Made to lumber.
421
00:31:23,440 --> 00:31:25,440
I wasn't prepared for that bump.
422
00:31:25,440 --> 00:31:28,440
And everything going all quiet.
423
00:31:38,440 --> 00:31:39,440
He looked around.
424
00:31:40,440 --> 00:31:41,440
God only.
425
00:31:42,440 --> 00:31:44,440
And for a moment, there wasn't a sound.
426
00:31:51,440 --> 00:31:55,440
I felt my head had been knocked rather badly.
427
00:31:57,440 --> 00:32:00,440
First thing I saw was that the door had disappeared.
428
00:32:01,440 --> 00:32:03,440
It had completely telescoped.
429
00:32:05,440 --> 00:32:08,440
I could hear the glider pilots on my right
430
00:32:08,440 --> 00:32:11,440
moaning in their cockpit,
431
00:32:11,440 --> 00:32:13,440
which seemed to have been smashed.
432
00:32:15,440 --> 00:32:19,440
But I was conscious that everybody in the glider was moving.
433
00:32:20,440 --> 00:32:25,440
I could hear the click of the safety belts being undone.
434
00:32:26,440 --> 00:32:28,440
And I knew that men were getting out of the glider
435
00:32:28,440 --> 00:32:30,440
and people were pushing in front of me
436
00:32:30,440 --> 00:32:32,440
to get through the broken door.
437
00:32:32,440 --> 00:32:36,440
As I stood there, I could see the tower of the bridge
438
00:32:37,440 --> 00:32:40,440
about 50 yards from where I was standing.
439
00:32:45,440 --> 00:32:50,440
I suppose that really was the most exhilarating moment of my life.
440
00:33:03,440 --> 00:33:05,440
I saw the smoke bomb explode.
441
00:33:06,440 --> 00:33:07,440
The phosphorus bomb.
442
00:33:08,440 --> 00:33:10,440
I heard the thud, thud, thud in the pillbox
443
00:33:11,440 --> 00:33:13,440
as the grenades exploded.
444
00:33:14,440 --> 00:33:16,440
I knew we'd get no more trouble from there.
445
00:33:17,440 --> 00:33:21,440
And the legion platoon ran across the bridge.
446
00:34:02,440 --> 00:34:12,440
We were supposed to meet up with Dan Broderidge.
447
00:34:13,440 --> 00:34:14,440
Where's Dan?
448
00:34:15,440 --> 00:34:16,440
He said, I don't know. He said, I haven't seen him.
449
00:34:16,440 --> 00:34:17,440
I haven't seen anything.
450
00:34:18,440 --> 00:34:19,440
Only as far as here.
451
00:34:20,440 --> 00:34:21,440
I started to run to go around the back end
452
00:34:22,440 --> 00:34:23,440
where he should have been.
453
00:34:23,440 --> 00:34:27,440
I ran past a bloke lying on the floor in the road.
454
00:34:28,440 --> 00:34:29,440
I looked at him.
455
00:34:30,440 --> 00:34:32,440
I went to run on and I stopped dead.
456
00:34:33,440 --> 00:34:34,440
I said, hang on.
457
00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:37,440
I came back, knelt down,
458
00:34:38,440 --> 00:34:40,440
looked at Dan Broderidge.
459
00:34:45,440 --> 00:34:47,440
I just knelt down beside him.
460
00:34:48,440 --> 00:34:50,440
His eyes were open and his lips were moving.
461
00:34:51,440 --> 00:34:52,440
I just looked at him.
462
00:34:53,440 --> 00:34:56,440
I put my hand under his head to lift him up.
463
00:34:57,440 --> 00:35:01,440
I took my hand away and put my mouth back.
464
00:35:02,440 --> 00:35:04,440
And Dan was covered in it.
465
00:35:05,440 --> 00:35:06,440
I just looked at him.
466
00:35:06,440 --> 00:35:08,440
I just didn't go like that a lot of times.
467
00:35:10,440 --> 00:35:11,440
His eyes sort of rolled back.
468
00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:14,440
Just showed from their back.
469
00:35:18,440 --> 00:35:19,440
I just looked at him right in the middle of it.
470
00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:20,440
I looked at him like, my God.
471
00:35:23,440 --> 00:35:24,440
I don't know if it was...
472
00:35:24,440 --> 00:35:25,440
Do you know what?
473
00:35:25,440 --> 00:35:27,440
I don't know if it was the bloke himself
474
00:35:27,440 --> 00:35:32,440
or all the years of training he'd put in to do a job.
475
00:35:33,440 --> 00:35:36,440
It only lasted 20 seconds, 30 seconds.
476
00:35:41,440 --> 00:35:43,440
First news I got from Den's platoon
477
00:35:43,440 --> 00:35:45,440
was the fact that he'd been...
478
00:35:48,440 --> 00:35:49,440
hit.
479
00:35:51,440 --> 00:35:53,440
And that really shook me.
480
00:35:56,440 --> 00:36:01,440
And I could see it was fatal.
481
00:36:11,440 --> 00:36:16,440
And the fact that I knew that Margaret, his wife,
482
00:36:17,440 --> 00:36:20,440
was expecting a baby almost any time.
483
00:36:21,440 --> 00:36:24,440
In the event it arrived fortnight later.
484
00:36:27,440 --> 00:36:29,440
It was at the top of my mind
485
00:36:29,440 --> 00:36:33,440
as I saw Dan carry past on that stretcher.
486
00:36:36,440 --> 00:36:38,440
A very sad moment for myself.
487
00:36:41,440 --> 00:36:43,440
And for everybody concerned.
488
00:36:50,440 --> 00:36:51,440
I was just so sad.
489
00:37:06,440 --> 00:37:08,440
John Howard and his airborne troops
490
00:37:08,440 --> 00:37:10,440
had managed to capture Banneville Bridge
491
00:37:10,440 --> 00:37:12,440
in less than 20 minutes.
492
00:37:13,440 --> 00:37:15,440
But now the airborne had to keep hold of it
493
00:37:15,440 --> 00:37:18,440
whilst they waited for the troops to arrive from Sword Beach.
494
00:37:20,440 --> 00:37:22,440
That was going to be a long night.
495
00:37:34,440 --> 00:37:36,440
In those early hours of D-Day,
496
00:37:36,440 --> 00:37:38,440
it wasn't just the British airborne troops
497
00:37:38,440 --> 00:37:40,440
who were landing behind enemy lines.
498
00:37:42,440 --> 00:37:44,440
All of a sudden we heard,
499
00:37:44,440 --> 00:37:45,440
are you ready?
500
00:37:45,440 --> 00:37:47,440
All the troopers shouted all at once,
501
00:37:47,440 --> 00:37:49,440
yeah, let's go.
502
00:37:50,440 --> 00:37:51,440
Let's go.
503
00:37:56,440 --> 00:37:58,440
The Americans dropped six parachute regiments
504
00:37:58,440 --> 00:38:02,440
behind enemy lines on the morning of the D-Day invasion.
505
00:38:02,440 --> 00:38:04,440
About 13,000 men.
506
00:38:05,440 --> 00:38:06,440
As the chute popped open,
507
00:38:06,440 --> 00:38:09,440
my head snapped forward and my feet came up.
508
00:38:09,440 --> 00:38:12,440
My elbow was pushed slightly over my face.
509
00:38:14,440 --> 00:38:16,440
The jolt of the opening of the chute
510
00:38:16,440 --> 00:38:18,440
soon made everything a reality.
511
00:38:20,440 --> 00:38:23,440
I looked up at my chute to make sure it was OK.
512
00:38:24,440 --> 00:38:27,440
Then looked down and I couldn't see anything but blackness.
513
00:38:30,440 --> 00:38:32,440
Tom Porcella's regiment's mission
514
00:38:32,440 --> 00:38:35,440
was to secure two bridges beyond Utah Beach.
515
00:38:35,440 --> 00:38:37,440
One thing that the Germans had done
516
00:38:37,440 --> 00:38:40,440
was flood fields in order to turn them into quagmires
517
00:38:40,440 --> 00:38:42,440
to slow the Allied advance down.
518
00:38:43,440 --> 00:38:46,440
Of course, the paratroopers dropped into these soaked fields
519
00:38:46,440 --> 00:38:48,440
and found themselves, in some cases,
520
00:38:48,440 --> 00:38:51,440
shoulder or neck deep in cold, freezing water
521
00:38:51,440 --> 00:38:53,440
and weighed down by their own equipment.
522
00:38:53,440 --> 00:38:54,440
Many of them drowned.
523
00:38:55,440 --> 00:38:57,440
I had the shock of my life.
524
00:38:57,440 --> 00:38:59,440
I plunged into water.
525
00:39:00,440 --> 00:39:01,440
My heart was pounding
526
00:39:01,440 --> 00:39:03,440
and my thoughts were running a mile a minute.
527
00:39:03,440 --> 00:39:05,440
How deep is this water?
528
00:39:05,440 --> 00:39:06,440
Can I get free of my chute?
529
00:39:06,440 --> 00:39:09,440
Am I too heavy? Will the weight keep me on the bottom?
530
00:39:13,440 --> 00:39:14,440
All the training I had received
531
00:39:14,440 --> 00:39:16,440
had not prepared me for such a landing.
532
00:39:16,440 --> 00:39:18,440
My eyes strained to see the landmarks
533
00:39:18,440 --> 00:39:20,440
but I could see nothing in the darkness.
534
00:39:20,440 --> 00:39:22,440
I was cold and I began to shiver.
535
00:39:23,440 --> 00:39:25,440
We realized that time was running out.
536
00:39:25,440 --> 00:39:28,440
If we were going to do anything, we better do it fast.
537
00:39:28,440 --> 00:39:30,440
So we moved as fast as we could.
538
00:39:30,440 --> 00:39:32,440
We knew it was very important
539
00:39:32,440 --> 00:39:35,440
that we leave the water before daylight.
540
00:39:46,440 --> 00:39:49,440
The first signs were on the left of us.
541
00:39:49,440 --> 00:39:51,440
We could see the weather.
542
00:39:52,440 --> 00:39:55,440
The first parachutists had already come down.
543
00:39:56,440 --> 00:40:00,440
Then we saw a lot of flashes of guns.
544
00:40:01,440 --> 00:40:04,440
We had also seen the detonation.
545
00:40:05,440 --> 00:40:08,440
We knew that something was going to happen.
546
00:40:09,440 --> 00:40:11,440
In the past weeks, German soldiers
547
00:40:11,440 --> 00:40:14,440
had been put on alert again and again.
548
00:40:14,440 --> 00:40:16,440
Many of them had become complacent.
549
00:40:17,440 --> 00:40:20,440
And even in the night from the 5th to the 6th of June
550
00:40:20,440 --> 00:40:23,440
when the first information went in
551
00:40:23,440 --> 00:40:26,440
that there was an Allied parachute drop,
552
00:40:26,440 --> 00:40:28,440
the Germans did not fully believe
553
00:40:28,440 --> 00:40:30,440
that this is the big invasion.
554
00:40:30,440 --> 00:40:32,440
The Germans did not fully believe
555
00:40:32,440 --> 00:40:34,440
that this is the big invasion.
556
00:40:34,440 --> 00:40:36,440
The Germans did not fully believe
557
00:40:36,440 --> 00:40:38,440
that this is the big invasion.
558
00:41:05,440 --> 00:41:08,440
The Allies were attacking German defences
559
00:41:08,440 --> 00:41:10,440
right across Normandy.
560
00:41:10,440 --> 00:41:13,440
And one of their targets was the Merville Battery,
561
00:41:13,440 --> 00:41:16,440
a battery commanded by Raymond Steiner.
562
00:41:16,440 --> 00:41:19,440
The Merville Battery was a collection of guns
563
00:41:19,440 --> 00:41:21,440
within reach of Sword Beach.
564
00:41:21,440 --> 00:41:23,440
The battery was stormed
565
00:41:23,440 --> 00:41:25,440
by British glider-borne infantry.
566
00:41:25,440 --> 00:41:28,440
But at the time, Raymond was a mile away
567
00:41:28,440 --> 00:41:30,440
at an observation post.
568
00:41:30,440 --> 00:41:32,440
At the time, Raymond was a mile away
569
00:41:32,440 --> 00:41:34,440
at an observation post.
570
00:41:34,440 --> 00:41:36,440
And therefore he could only hear what was happening.
571
00:42:01,440 --> 00:42:04,440
The Allies had now started the next phase of the operation.
572
00:42:09,440 --> 00:42:13,440
The Allies had now started the next phase of the operation.
573
00:42:13,440 --> 00:42:16,440
And this was pounding the German coastal defences
574
00:42:16,440 --> 00:42:19,440
with a massive aerial bombardment.
575
00:42:31,440 --> 00:42:35,440
It was so impressive that they flew right down.
576
00:42:39,440 --> 00:42:41,440
So the plan for D-Day
577
00:42:41,440 --> 00:42:43,440
was that before the landing troops
578
00:42:43,440 --> 00:42:45,440
got to the beaches,
579
00:42:45,440 --> 00:42:47,440
the Atlantic Wall in Normandy
580
00:42:47,440 --> 00:42:49,440
would be absolutely bombarded.
581
00:42:51,440 --> 00:42:53,440
What they knew
582
00:42:53,440 --> 00:42:56,440
is that it would have dreadful consequences
583
00:42:56,440 --> 00:42:58,440
for French civilians.
584
00:43:01,440 --> 00:43:03,440
France had been occupied by the Nazis
585
00:43:03,440 --> 00:43:06,440
for almost four years at that point to the day.
586
00:43:06,440 --> 00:43:08,440
People on those shores
587
00:43:08,440 --> 00:43:10,440
and a little bit inland,
588
00:43:10,440 --> 00:43:12,440
they didn't see the landings.
589
00:43:12,440 --> 00:43:14,440
They heard the landings.
590
00:43:14,440 --> 00:43:16,440
They didn't know what it was.
591
00:43:16,440 --> 00:43:18,440
It was like these rumblings.
592
00:43:18,440 --> 00:43:20,440
You know, is it thunder?
593
00:43:20,440 --> 00:43:22,440
Is it some bombardment?
594
00:43:22,440 --> 00:43:25,440
I mean, there had been bombardment all throughout 1944.
595
00:43:25,440 --> 00:43:27,440
So it wasn't completely unfamiliar,
596
00:43:27,440 --> 00:43:30,440
but there was something much more intense about it.
597
00:43:30,440 --> 00:43:32,440
And as daylight starts to come,
598
00:43:32,440 --> 00:43:35,440
then they see that this is probably the landings,
599
00:43:35,440 --> 00:43:37,440
that something is happening,
600
00:43:37,440 --> 00:43:39,440
and all they're thinking is,
601
00:43:39,440 --> 00:43:41,440
let them land elsewhere.
602
00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:43,440
Let them not land where we are,
603
00:43:43,440 --> 00:43:45,440
because that's the most dangerous.
604
00:43:57,440 --> 00:44:00,440
♪
605
00:44:27,440 --> 00:44:30,440
♪
606
00:44:38,440 --> 00:44:41,440
Andre Heinz was quite a typical resister.
607
00:44:41,440 --> 00:44:43,440
He was a young man.
608
00:44:43,440 --> 00:44:45,440
His whole generation during the occupation
609
00:44:45,440 --> 00:44:47,440
was targeted by the forced labour service
610
00:44:47,440 --> 00:44:49,440
imposed by the Germans,
611
00:44:49,440 --> 00:44:51,440
which involved young men his age
612
00:44:51,440 --> 00:44:55,440
going to Germany to work for the German military cause.
613
00:44:55,440 --> 00:44:57,440
And he was infuriated.
614
00:44:57,440 --> 00:45:00,440
He had been seeing the grip of the Germans
615
00:45:00,440 --> 00:45:03,440
of the occupation on France for years now.
616
00:45:03,440 --> 00:45:07,440
He had been waiting for this day for a long time.
617
00:45:07,440 --> 00:45:11,440
But he couldn't have known what this would really be like
618
00:45:11,440 --> 00:45:14,440
and how damaging it would be for the French people.
619
00:45:26,440 --> 00:45:29,440
♪
620
00:45:49,440 --> 00:45:53,440
While the Allied air forces are pounding the Atlantic wall,
621
00:45:53,440 --> 00:45:56,440
the American troop ships are anchored
622
00:45:56,440 --> 00:45:58,440
several miles off the French coast.
623
00:45:58,440 --> 00:46:01,440
These troop ships would contain the main body
624
00:46:01,440 --> 00:46:04,440
of the landing forces to hit the Normandy beaches.
625
00:46:24,440 --> 00:46:27,440
It's very uncomfortable, very, very crowded.
626
00:46:27,440 --> 00:46:29,440
We talked about life,
627
00:46:29,440 --> 00:46:34,440
and I would expect they'd take it if we were wounded
628
00:46:34,440 --> 00:46:36,440
and what would happen to us.
629
00:46:44,440 --> 00:46:46,440
We had breakfast about 4.30 a.m.,
630
00:46:46,440 --> 00:46:49,440
then the planes went on the beach
631
00:46:49,440 --> 00:46:51,440
and the warships sheltered.
632
00:46:51,440 --> 00:46:53,440
We got on Higgins' boats on deck
633
00:46:53,440 --> 00:46:56,440
so we didn't have to climb down rope ladders
634
00:46:56,440 --> 00:46:58,440
like some other boats.
635
00:47:01,440 --> 00:47:04,440
The American army used Higgins' boats
636
00:47:04,440 --> 00:47:07,440
to carry platoons of soldiers from ship to shore.
637
00:47:07,440 --> 00:47:10,440
These boats were lowered from the troop ships,
638
00:47:10,440 --> 00:47:12,440
but many of the soldiers, of course,
639
00:47:12,440 --> 00:47:15,440
would have to scramble down netting to get into them.
640
00:47:15,440 --> 00:47:18,440
The boats were rising five to six feet in the air
641
00:47:18,440 --> 00:47:20,440
as they were waiting to take you down.
642
00:47:20,440 --> 00:47:23,440
We got into the boat, and with all this equipment,
643
00:47:23,440 --> 00:47:25,440
these guys climbed down.
644
00:47:25,440 --> 00:47:27,440
The first wave for all the beaches
645
00:47:27,440 --> 00:47:29,440
were to get into the channel,
646
00:47:29,440 --> 00:47:32,440
and then there was a certain amount of time
647
00:47:32,440 --> 00:47:34,440
where they had to actually circle
648
00:47:34,440 --> 00:47:38,440
while all the boats were lowered and loaded
649
00:47:38,440 --> 00:47:43,440
until the entire first wave was ready and in line.
650
00:47:51,440 --> 00:47:56,440
Everybody got sick, except me.
651
00:48:08,440 --> 00:48:10,440
As the boats approached the beaches,
652
00:48:10,440 --> 00:48:13,440
the Allies launched a massive naval bombardment
653
00:48:13,440 --> 00:48:15,440
so that by the time the landing forces
654
00:48:15,440 --> 00:48:17,440
stepped off their boats,
655
00:48:17,440 --> 00:48:20,440
then the guns that would have been firing at them
656
00:48:20,440 --> 00:48:22,440
had been destroyed.
657
00:48:47,440 --> 00:48:49,440
How shall I put it?
658
00:48:53,440 --> 00:48:56,440
Then I started to pray loudly,
659
00:48:56,440 --> 00:49:00,440
and then I tried to think through this prayer,
660
00:49:00,440 --> 00:49:04,440
what is happening now, what is coming from us.
661
00:49:11,440 --> 00:49:14,440
The bombs were firing from above,
662
00:49:14,440 --> 00:49:17,440
and they were firing from far away.
663
00:49:18,440 --> 00:49:20,440
You could hear the shot,
664
00:49:20,440 --> 00:49:22,440
and then it started.
665
00:49:23,440 --> 00:49:27,440
You can only say this acoustically.
666
00:49:28,440 --> 00:49:30,440
It goes through the marrow of the leg
667
00:49:30,440 --> 00:49:33,440
when they are firing, always taking aim.
668
00:49:35,440 --> 00:49:37,440
Does it hit me now, or does it go over?
669
00:49:38,440 --> 00:49:41,440
You are afraid of death, in any case.
670
00:49:41,440 --> 00:49:43,440
Always afraid.
671
00:49:43,440 --> 00:49:44,440
And it goes.
672
00:49:44,440 --> 00:49:45,440
That's how it went for me.
673
00:49:45,440 --> 00:49:48,440
I always thought of my mother.
674
00:49:57,440 --> 00:50:03,440
I understood that the ships were pretty close to the beach here,
675
00:50:03,440 --> 00:50:06,440
maybe 500-600 meters,
676
00:50:06,440 --> 00:50:09,440
and before the first storm,
677
00:50:09,440 --> 00:50:13,440
they fired like a fireball.
678
00:50:39,440 --> 00:50:41,440
You hear people screaming,
679
00:50:41,440 --> 00:50:46,440
you might see some of your colleagues dying,
680
00:50:46,440 --> 00:50:48,440
perishing, bodies ripped apart.
681
00:50:48,440 --> 00:50:53,440
Psychologically, this is one of the most terrifying things
682
00:50:53,440 --> 00:50:55,440
soldiers probably can ever experience.
683
00:50:56,440 --> 00:51:00,440
Those naval bombardments on top of the RAF
684
00:51:00,440 --> 00:51:02,440
was absolutely terrific.
685
00:51:02,440 --> 00:51:05,440
It's something everybody well remembered.
686
00:51:05,440 --> 00:51:07,440
And then we thought of those poor devils
687
00:51:07,440 --> 00:51:11,440
coming in by sea, in those landing launches.
688
00:51:13,440 --> 00:51:17,440
And we were damn glad that we were where we were.
689
00:51:17,440 --> 00:51:19,440
We were in the middle of the sea,
690
00:51:19,440 --> 00:51:21,440
we were in the middle of the ocean,
691
00:51:22,440 --> 00:51:26,440
and we were damn glad that we were where we were,
692
00:51:26,440 --> 00:51:28,440
relatively safe.
693
00:51:29,440 --> 00:51:32,440
I certainly wouldn't want it to be anywhere near the coast.
694
00:51:32,440 --> 00:51:34,440
We were in the middle of the sea.
695
00:51:49,440 --> 00:51:51,440
It was bombarding all night.
696
00:51:51,440 --> 00:51:54,440
We went up, our house was on the third floor.
697
00:51:55,440 --> 00:51:58,440
It was slightly overshadowed,
698
00:51:58,440 --> 00:52:00,440
and we could see the sea perfectly.
699
00:52:03,440 --> 00:52:05,440
What happened right after that?
700
00:52:05,440 --> 00:52:08,440
We saw, as soon as it was light,
701
00:52:08,440 --> 00:52:09,440
even though there was fog,
702
00:52:09,440 --> 00:52:10,440
there was a lot of fog,
703
00:52:10,440 --> 00:52:13,440
but we could perfectly see the shapes,
704
00:52:13,440 --> 00:52:18,440
the sea, with the fire coming out of the cannons.
705
00:52:18,440 --> 00:52:21,440
We could see flames on the harbour,
706
00:52:21,440 --> 00:52:23,440
and then, little by little, all over the coast.
707
00:52:23,440 --> 00:52:25,440
And we saw that it was coming at us,
708
00:52:25,440 --> 00:52:27,440
and we were very scared.
709
00:52:28,440 --> 00:52:30,440
On D-Day, lots of things went really, really well,
710
00:52:30,440 --> 00:52:31,440
and a few of them didn't,
711
00:52:31,440 --> 00:52:33,440
particularly the naval bombardment
712
00:52:33,440 --> 00:52:37,440
and airborne bombardment that preceded the invasion.
713
00:52:38,440 --> 00:52:40,440
Poor visibility and lack of time
714
00:52:40,440 --> 00:52:43,440
meant that many German defences were knocked out,
715
00:52:43,440 --> 00:52:45,440
and French civilians living near the targets
716
00:52:45,440 --> 00:52:48,440
found themselves caught up in the chaos.
717
00:52:58,440 --> 00:53:00,440
We stayed in the dining room for a while,
718
00:53:00,440 --> 00:53:02,440
and then, all of a sudden,
719
00:53:02,440 --> 00:53:04,440
the wall was crumpled,
720
00:53:04,440 --> 00:53:07,440
and the windows, all the tiles had fallen.
721
00:53:07,440 --> 00:53:10,440
So, it was really, really hard.
722
00:53:11,440 --> 00:53:13,440
And what I found funny,
723
00:53:13,440 --> 00:53:14,440
and I often thought about it,
724
00:53:14,440 --> 00:53:17,440
was that the animals were screaming,
725
00:53:17,440 --> 00:53:19,440
the neighbour's dog was howling,
726
00:53:19,440 --> 00:53:22,440
but the birds were flying around as if nothing had happened.
727
00:53:22,440 --> 00:53:23,440
We had the impression
728
00:53:23,440 --> 00:53:26,440
that it wasn't affecting the birds.
729
00:53:28,440 --> 00:53:32,440
All this time, they were shelling the beaches,
730
00:53:32,440 --> 00:53:35,440
and they were bombing the beaches.
731
00:53:35,440 --> 00:53:37,440
And it roared with the guns,
732
00:53:37,440 --> 00:53:39,440
and it roared with the diesels,
733
00:53:39,440 --> 00:53:42,440
and the thudding of the big ship itself.
734
00:53:42,440 --> 00:53:46,440
You had to shout just to be heard by the guy next to you.
735
00:53:51,440 --> 00:53:56,440
I had a very gentle lieutenant in charge of my platoon.
736
00:53:57,440 --> 00:54:00,440
He asked me what I thought about dying.
737
00:54:04,440 --> 00:54:05,440
It seemed very sad,
738
00:54:05,440 --> 00:54:08,440
and I expected him to take me in his arms,
739
00:54:08,440 --> 00:54:10,440
but that didn't happen.
740
00:54:27,440 --> 00:54:31,440
When the ships came closer in the early hours of the morning,
741
00:54:31,440 --> 00:54:34,440
and we could see the details,
742
00:54:34,440 --> 00:54:36,440
it was unimaginable for us.
743
00:54:36,440 --> 00:54:39,440
There were so many ships.
744
00:54:41,440 --> 00:54:45,440
It was like a long fence in the shade.
745
00:54:47,440 --> 00:54:51,440
From west to east, only ships.
746
00:54:52,440 --> 00:54:55,440
From west to east, only ships.
747
00:55:00,440 --> 00:55:02,440
For German defenders like Franz Gokul,
748
00:55:02,440 --> 00:55:06,440
the sight of the approaching armada must have just been terrifying.
749
00:55:06,440 --> 00:55:08,440
But despite the fact that the Allies
750
00:55:08,440 --> 00:55:11,440
had pounded the beaches in advance of the landings,
751
00:55:11,440 --> 00:55:14,440
many of the bunkers remained intact.
752
00:55:14,440 --> 00:55:19,440
The German defenders were in place to rain fire down on the beaches.
753
00:55:21,440 --> 00:55:23,440
On the way in, it was rough.
754
00:55:23,440 --> 00:55:25,440
As we got near the shore, while going in,
755
00:55:25,440 --> 00:55:29,440
we'd seen the rocket ships firing away the rockets.
756
00:55:29,440 --> 00:55:32,440
We couldn't see much because we were supposed to keep our heads down,
757
00:55:32,440 --> 00:55:34,440
and we couldn't hear anything.
758
00:55:34,440 --> 00:55:36,440
Diesel motors on the boats
759
00:55:36,440 --> 00:55:39,440
always remind me of the bus back home.
760
00:55:42,440 --> 00:55:45,440
At this time in his life, boats were getting hit.
761
00:55:45,440 --> 00:55:48,440
As we got closer, they were starting to fire.
762
00:55:49,440 --> 00:55:53,440
Incoming enemy fire was starting to come out toward us.
763
00:55:55,440 --> 00:55:58,440
I could smell the smoke, and I could hear yelling and carrying on,
764
00:55:58,440 --> 00:56:01,440
and those guys, and every once in a while,
765
00:56:01,440 --> 00:56:03,440
a guy would look up over the side and say,
766
00:56:03,440 --> 00:56:05,440
oh, shit, they're ducked down again.
767
00:56:05,440 --> 00:56:07,440
So I knew it wasn't good news.
768
00:56:18,440 --> 00:56:22,440
He came into my bunker and yelled,
769
00:56:22,440 --> 00:56:25,440
Franz, watch out, now...
770
00:56:27,440 --> 00:56:29,440
They're coming.
771
00:56:34,440 --> 00:56:36,440
Now you have to defend yourself.
772
00:56:49,440 --> 00:56:51,440
We didn't know where we were.
773
00:56:52,440 --> 00:56:54,440
We didn't know what to do.
774
00:56:56,440 --> 00:56:58,440
The ramp went down.
775
00:57:00,440 --> 00:57:04,440
And your asshole buggered up,
776
00:57:04,440 --> 00:57:06,440
took a deep breath,
777
00:57:06,440 --> 00:57:08,440
and he started to pray.
778
00:57:19,440 --> 00:57:22,440
When we got there, it was just a shambles.
779
00:57:24,440 --> 00:57:27,440
My friend was down on the deck.
780
00:57:29,440 --> 00:57:33,440
And we got on the beach, which was covered in bodies.
781
00:57:35,440 --> 00:57:38,440
There were tanks coming off and trucks coming off,
782
00:57:38,440 --> 00:57:40,440
and sinking.
783
00:57:40,440 --> 00:57:43,440
And then you just turned away, you couldn't look.
784
00:57:43,440 --> 00:57:46,440
And then you just turned away, you couldn't look.
785
00:58:13,440 --> 00:58:16,440
And then you just turned away, you couldn't look.
59379
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.