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This programme contains distressing and graphic images and descriptions
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of death and injury including children, and discussions
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of torture and abuse.
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A group of Palestinian emergency workers and medics
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are on a rescue mission.
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Their ambulance is clearly marked, with lights flashing.
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RAPID GUNSHOTS
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Israeli soldiers open fire, and start
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to kill the rescue workers.
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GUNSHOTS CONTINUE
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They said the convoy was suspicious because its lights were off.
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But when 15 bodies were exhumed from a mass grave, this video
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from the phone of one of the dead medics exposed the Israeli version
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of events as untrue.
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SHOUTING, GUNSHOTS
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This is just one attack amongst hundreds
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on Palestinian healthcare workers.
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As Israel has bombed Gaza, hundreds of Palestinian doctors
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and medics have refused to leave their hospitals.
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We are in the theatre, in the operating room.
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Full darkness.
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No water, no electricity.
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But we have a hero - surgeons in Gaza.
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SIREN WAILS
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Homes, schools and universities have been
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destroyed, killing and injuring tens of thousands.
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But from the first day of the war, Israel attacked the one thing
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Palestinians needed most - its healthcare system.
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21 months on, and every one of Gaza's 36 main
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hospitals has been attacked, forced to evacuate or destroyed.
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Bam!
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And Israel has been killing the very people trying to keep
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the healthcare system alive - its doctors and medics -
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despite hospitals and healthcare workers being protected
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under international law.
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He got injured.
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They shooted at us in the operating room.
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Israel claims Hamas uses hospitals as part of its military strategy.
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Hundreds of healthcare workers have been killed.
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Hundreds have been detained.
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Many of them have been forcibly disappeared.
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This film is a forensic investigation into Israeli military
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attacks on hospitals in Gaza, and allegations of targeting
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and abuse of doctors and healthcare workers.
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Our Palestinian team on the ground have gathered testimony from health
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workers and their families.
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And Israeli whistle-blowers have told us they've witnessed
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Palestinian prisoners being tortured and that some Israeli
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medics are complicit.
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I don't even think that in the Israeli society, there
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is a need for a cover-up these days.
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You can do almost whatever you want when it comes to Gazans.
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Sderot is an Israeli town bordering Gaza.
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It was raided by Hamas militants on October 7th and at least 70
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people were killed here.
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SHOUTING
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DANCE MUSIC
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In total, around 1,200 people were killed
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by Hamas and other militant groups, and 251 were taken
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as hostages into Gaza.
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MAN SHOUTS: Allahu Akbar!
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Israelis have been coming to this vantage point in Sderot
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to pay their respects to the dead...
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..and to watch Gaza being attacked.
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For over a week, Israeli forces have been raiding northern Gaza,
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especially Jabalia refugee camp, which you can see from here.
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There have been reports of over 300 Palestinians have been killed.
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We just heard a massive boom and saw the smoke rising behind us.
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And reports just coming in now, Israeli Air Force has bombed
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the Al-Falah Medical Centre in Jabalia, northern Gaza.
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Another medical centre that's been attacked.
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At the start of the war, the Israeli Army targeted
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Gaza's largest hospital, Al-Shifa.
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The hospital was already overwhelmed with casualties
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from strikes on Gaza City.
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Mohammad Abu Salmiya was the hospital's director.
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In early October, there were close to 150 specialists
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working at Al-Shifa, among them two orthopaedic surgeons,
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Mohammed Obeid and Adnan Al Bursh, seen here on the left.
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Al-Shifa became a symbolic target for Israel.
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The Israeli military claimed there was a Hamas
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command centre beneath it, and even released this video
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animation of what it said it looked like.
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CCTV footage was later released by the Israeli Defense Forces,
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the IDF, showing two injured hostages being rushed
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into the hospital by Hamas militants on October the 7th.
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The IDF's bombing campaign was driving tens of thousands
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of displaced people to seek refuge in and around Al-Shifa.
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Israel had cut off electricity and water to the Gaza Strip.
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Hospital generators were quickly running out of fuel.
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We are in the theatre, in the operating room.
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Full darkness, no water, no electricity.
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But we have a hero - surgeons in Gaza.
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We are working now in surgery with chargeable light,
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with manual ventilation.
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The Israeli Army dropped thousands of leaflets ordering the population
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of northern Gaza to move south, and issued evacuation orders
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for hospitals in the north.
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SIRENS WAIL
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EXPLOSION
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On November 3rd,
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an Israeli strike hit a convoy of ambulances exiting the hospital.
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The Palestinian Red Crescent said 15 people were killed.
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At least 60 were injured.
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The Israeli Army claimed the ambulances were transporting
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Hamas militants, but it did not provide any evidence of this.
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Three days later, the hospital's solar panels were struck,
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destroying one of its last sources of energy and killing
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at least one person.
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SCREAMING
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On November 10th, a tank shell hit tents
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outside the hospital.
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It was the first of several strikes on the hospital complex in 24 hours,
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including on a maternity ward.
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Within days, Israeli troops had completely surrounded the hospital.
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Hospital administrators said there wasn't enough fuel
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to keep generators running.
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As a result, at least 40 patients died, including
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four premature babies.
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Doctor Adnan Al Bursh joined medical staff to dig a mass grave.
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The IDF finally raided Al-Shifa.
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It failed to provide sufficient evidence showing the existence
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of a key Hamas command centre, and Israel has continually
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prevented access for an independent investigation.
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Patients who could began to leave the hospital.
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They were accompanied by around 60 medical staff,
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including surgeons Adnan Al Bursh and Mohammed Obeid.
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The route led to the south of Gaza, but there weren't enough
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doctors in the north.
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As soon as they could, Doctors Al Bursh and Obeid left
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the IDF-ordered route and headed north to the Indonesian Hospital.
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The war had separated Adnan Al Bursh from his wife,
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Yasmine, and their children.
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But the Indonesian Hospital and its vicinity was also
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targeted by the IDF.
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Again, the IDF said a Hamas tunnel complex lay beneath it...
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..and also that rockets had been launched from sites close by.
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CHILD SCREAMS
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Dr Al Bursh's ward was struck on November 20th.
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This footage, broadcast on Al Jazeera, shows him
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injured after the attack.
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12 patients on the ward were killed.
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Three days later, the Israeli Army issued evacuation orders, then
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raided and shut down the hospital.
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Dr Al Bursh was on the move again.
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He joined Dr Obeid at Al Awda Hospital,
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their third in short succession.
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This hospital had come under Israeli attack just days before.
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SHOUTING
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Nine months later, Al Awda Hospital
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was partially functioning.
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Dr Mohammed Obeid was still working there.
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During a lull in the fighting, he told us about the
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attacks on the hospital.
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Two weeks after the ward was hit, Dr Obeid says
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the Israeli Army gave the director of the hospital an ultimatum.
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Dr Al Bursh made a final call to his family.
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There is no footage of Adnan Al Bursh being seized,
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but Al Jazeera obtained these pictures showing men
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stripped to their underwear in the vicinity of the hospital.
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We don't know if there are any medics in these pictures.
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Like hospitals, medics are given extensive protections
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under international law, regardless of their political views.
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The Israeli Army said Dr Al Bursh was arrested
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on suspicion of terrorism.
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They provided no evidence of this.
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Dr Al Bursh praised the October 7th attacks at the time,
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and has been supportive of militant groups in the past, like some other
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doctors in this film.
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Following three of the hospital raids that we've investigated,
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we found that medics were taken to locations human rights groups
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have described to us as black sites, where there's no judicial oversight.
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HE GIVES ORDERS
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Footage of the sites is rare,
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but this was filmed by a member of the IDF in a football
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stadium in Gaza City, and was posted online
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in December 2023.
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We can't confirm if medics are in these images,
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but thousands of Palestinians have been taken to these
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sites, including medics.
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We travelled to Ramallah, in the occupied West Bank,
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to meet Budour Hassan, an Amnesty International researcher.
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Now, you've been investigating black sites in Gaza.
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What are these black sites being used for?
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In these sites, the soldiers have absolutely complete power
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to abuse, to torture, to hit, to humiliate the detainee,
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without any oversight.
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What can you tell me about the detainment of Palestinian
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doctors and healthcare workers?
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So, if there is one characteristic for which this war has stood out
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it's the systematic targeting of the Palestinian healthcare
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sector in the Gaza Strip.
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We're not talking about 10, 20, 30, 40 healthcare workers.
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We're talking about hundreds of detainees.
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Israeli authorities would say that maybe these healthcare workers know
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some information about hostages, or they knew information about Hamas
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fighters being treated.
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But on many occasions, these doctors are probably
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interrogated just once or twice - and that's it.
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The torture and unlawful treatment to which healthcare workers
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are subjected is evident intent of the Israeli authorities
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to destroy Palestinians.
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So there is also an element of genocidal intent.
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And destroying the healthcare sector, basically taking it out
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of service through different means - not always necessarily
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by directly attacking them, but by also detaining hundreds
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of healthcare workers.
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Budour says she's identified at least four black sites so far.
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So, do you think there are other black sites that
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you haven't heard about, that you haven't been
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able to identify?
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I think what we were able to identify is just a drop
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in an ocean of horror.
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This image of a black site was posted online.
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We've been told the four men in the foreground
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are all healthcare workers.
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One of them is now in Egypt.
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You are one of these men.
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Which one are you?
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This is who I am.
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You're that one?
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Yes.
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VOICEOVER: Khaled Hamouda is a specialist surgeon.
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It was shocking.
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I mean, this is really shocking.
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Yes.
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It looks apocalyptic.
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And later, you said that you were put into this pit?
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It's a huge hole, you know, very high.
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A month before this picture was taken, Dr Hamouda was working
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at the Indonesian Hospital.
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After it was attacked and shut down by the Israeli Army,
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he was forced to move to Kamal Adwan Hospital,
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a short walk from his home.
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This is your home?
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This is where I live.
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OK.
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Our building, it's three floors.
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Yeah.
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He shared the building with his extended family,
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three of whom were doctors.
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He says they were the only occupants of the building.
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On December 3rd, 2023, his house was hit by a direct air strike.
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Ten of Khaled Hamouda's family were killed.
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So, can you tell us what happened after they attacked
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it, where you went?
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We moved away about 30m - here, exactly.
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Mm-hm.
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In front of this building.
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So all these buildings were still standing and only
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your building was hit?
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Yes.
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So you ran up the street?
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Yes.
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Up to another building?
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We thought we were safe now, because the air strike finished
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and the building almost destroyed.
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Yes.
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And about ten of you sat outside this building in the road?
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Yes.
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And that's when a drone strike hit?
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Yes.
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Khaled Hamouda was injured.
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00:23:00,760 --> 00:23:04,360
He was taken to Kamal Adwan Hospital.
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00:24:28,840 --> 00:24:31,200
The two strikes killed 12 members of Khaled Hamouda's family,
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a family of doctors.
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We asked the IDF why they targeted Khaled Hamouda's family home.
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They did not respond to this question.
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Khaled Hamouda and his surviving family joined thousands of others
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taking refuge in the grounds of his workplace,
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Kamal Adwan Hospital.
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00:25:04,040 --> 00:25:06,400
For a week, the hospital was bombarded, before being raided
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and then forcibly evacuated.
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00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:18,000
The UN says Israeli soldiers detained over 70 medics.
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Khaled was amongst them, and was separated from his two
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00:25:20,360 --> 00:25:21,280
surviving children.
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00:25:23,880 --> 00:25:25,760
The Israeli Army said they had detained 90
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00:25:25,760 --> 00:25:27,720
terrorists during the raids - including the hospital
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00:25:27,720 --> 00:25:29,880
director, whom they claimed was a Hamas operative -
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00:25:29,880 --> 00:25:32,720
and again said that the hospital was being used as a command
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and control centre.
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This is Kamal Adwan Hospital.
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They took us, we walk all the street.
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Yeah.
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And they ask the doctors to sit down there.
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Mm-hm.
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It's here where Khaled was photographed.
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00:26:34,440 --> 00:26:39,200
Khaled says he was taken to an adjacent building and interrogated.
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00:26:56,200 --> 00:26:59,080
After eight hours, where he says he and others were violently beaten,
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Dr Hamouda was then transported to Israel.
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00:27:02,760 --> 00:27:04,920
The forcible transfer of prisoners across borders is prohibited
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00:27:04,920 --> 00:27:09,800
under international law.
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00:27:09,800 --> 00:27:13,160
The IDF told us that those found not to be involved in terrorist activity
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are released as soon as possible.
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00:27:34,600 --> 00:27:36,960
Barely a week after his daughter and wife were killed,
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Dr Hamouda was in Israeli detention.
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00:27:39,560 --> 00:27:42,400
He says he was held in stress positions, and on one occasion
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forced to grip barbed wire.
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00:27:46,200 --> 00:27:48,600
Dr Hamouda has expressed support for Hamas on social media,
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00:27:48,600 --> 00:27:50,960
including the attacks on October 7th, and mourning a relative
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00:27:50,960 --> 00:27:56,000
who was a senior Hamas commander.
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00:27:56,800 --> 00:28:00,120
After three weeks, he was released without charge.
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00:28:03,600 --> 00:28:06,960
The IDF told us they rejected the claims made on the use of black
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00:28:06,960 --> 00:28:09,560
sites to avoid judicial oversight, as well as claims regarding enforced
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00:28:09,560 --> 00:28:14,040
disappearances, and that they follow international and Israeli law.
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00:28:30,440 --> 00:28:33,080
In the occupied West Bank, we meet academic Dr Layth Hanbali,
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00:28:33,080 --> 00:28:36,880
from the research centre The Institute for Palestine Studies.
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He's been tracking Israel's attacks on Gaza's healthcare system,
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00:28:39,040 --> 00:28:40,440
using data collected by the organisation
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Healthcare Workers Watch.
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They've documented the deaths of 118 doctors, 65 of them
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00:28:46,760 --> 00:28:52,200
killed in their own homes.
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00:28:52,200 --> 00:28:54,360
We've heard of incidents where doctors have been hit
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00:28:54,360 --> 00:28:55,400
while in their homes.
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00:28:55,400 --> 00:28:58,240
Are these just accidents?
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00:28:58,240 --> 00:29:01,400
So, the Israeli Army claims to use precise strikes in order to target
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00:29:01,400 --> 00:29:02,800
identified either terrorists or terrorist infrastructure,
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00:29:02,800 --> 00:29:10,240
and that it aims to minimise unintended casualties.
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00:29:10,240 --> 00:29:13,520
And so, whether it's because the Israeli Army has
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00:29:13,520 --> 00:29:15,640
deliberately chosen to assassinate those individuals, or because it
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00:29:15,640 --> 00:29:18,320
doesn't care that it kills them and it considers them collateral
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00:29:18,320 --> 00:29:21,440
damage, it has made a choice to kill them, whether it's collateral damage
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00:29:21,440 --> 00:29:26,480
or whether it's assassination.
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00:29:29,080 --> 00:29:32,360
The massive loss of expertise will take years to rebuild.
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00:29:32,360 --> 00:29:34,280
Structures can be built very quickly, but healthcare
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00:29:34,280 --> 00:29:38,560
professionals require years to be trained.
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00:29:38,560 --> 00:29:41,000
And so that's going to have a massively detrimental effect
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00:29:41,000 --> 00:29:46,000
on the health of the Palestinian population for years to come.
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00:29:54,400 --> 00:29:56,520
By January 2024, Gaza's Ministry of Health calculated that
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00:29:56,520 --> 00:29:57,960
over 23,000 Palestinians had been killed...
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00:29:57,960 --> 00:30:00,600
..and the UN estimated that 60% of Gaza's homes had been
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00:30:00,550 --> 00:30:05,590
damaged or destroyed.
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00:30:09,550 --> 00:30:14,950
Only 13 out of Gaza's 36 hospitals were functioning.
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00:30:14,950 --> 00:30:16,870
With Al-Shifa shut down, the largest medical facility
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00:30:16,870 --> 00:30:21,870
operating in Gaza was now Nasser Hospital in the south.
336
00:30:32,550 --> 00:30:35,150
Our colleague Jaber Badwan has been meeting the families of medics
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00:30:35,150 --> 00:30:40,270
who have been killed, detained or disappeared.
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00:30:43,030 --> 00:30:46,630
One of them is a missing surgeon called Khaled Al Serr.
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00:30:46,630 --> 00:30:50,950
He was taken from Nasser Hospital by the IDF in March 2024.
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00:30:52,670 --> 00:30:55,750
This is Khaled's mother, Kawther.
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00:31:15,790 --> 00:31:17,150
This is Khaled's brother, Wael.
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00:32:02,550 --> 00:32:05,750
We travelled to Egypt in September 2024 to meet a doctor who'd been
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00:32:05,750 --> 00:32:07,910
with Khaled Al Serr at Nasser Hospital.
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00:32:07,910 --> 00:32:09,550
Ahmed Moghrabi was the only reconstructive surgeon
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00:32:09,550 --> 00:32:13,110
left in southern Gaza.
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00:32:13,110 --> 00:32:14,550
OK.
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00:32:14,550 --> 00:32:16,430
Hello, my friend, again from the operating room.
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00:32:16,430 --> 00:32:19,590
I have one child, two years old.
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00:32:19,590 --> 00:32:21,630
You were in Nasser with Dr Khaled Al Serr.
350
00:32:21,630 --> 00:32:22,390
Can you tell me about him?
351
00:32:59,550 --> 00:33:01,950
The Israeli Army had surrounded Nasser for weeks.
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00:33:01,950 --> 00:33:03,630
Like thousands of other Palestinians, Dr Moghrabi
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00:33:03,630 --> 00:33:07,230
and his family were sheltering at the hospital.
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00:33:07,230 --> 00:33:10,390
EXPLOSIONS
355
00:33:10,390 --> 00:33:14,390
They are bombing.
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00:33:14,390 --> 00:33:16,510
The IDF began striking the hospital and its vicinity
357
00:33:16,510 --> 00:33:20,630
and cutting off supplies.
358
00:33:20,630 --> 00:33:23,030
It's a really crime, it's a really crime.
359
00:33:23,030 --> 00:33:28,070
They attacked a very populated area.
360
00:33:36,110 --> 00:33:39,710
Displaced people here cannot cross this road.
361
00:33:39,710 --> 00:33:41,830
Ahmed Moghrabi filmed people being targeted by Israeli snipers
362
00:33:41,830 --> 00:33:45,710
at the hospital gate.
363
00:33:45,710 --> 00:33:46,950
It's a child.
364
00:33:46,950 --> 00:33:48,830
ON VIDEO: As you see, just dead body.
365
00:33:48,830 --> 00:33:50,310
So that's the entrance of Nasser.
366
00:33:50,310 --> 00:33:51,350
This is the entrance.
367
00:33:51,350 --> 00:33:54,350
Right.
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00:33:54,350 --> 00:33:56,710
Dr Moghrabi captured this moment after an armed drone shot
369
00:33:56,710 --> 00:34:03,070
a nurse on his ward.
370
00:34:21,190 --> 00:34:22,390
Allahu Akbar.
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00:34:22,390 --> 00:34:25,230
During this period, hospital staff told us that at least 14 people
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00:34:25,230 --> 00:34:28,350
were killed by snipers or drones.
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00:34:28,350 --> 00:34:31,710
A mass grave was dug for them and the many others who had died
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00:34:31,710 --> 00:34:35,470
in the hospital grounds - just as in Al-Shifa.
375
00:34:42,870 --> 00:34:44,270
The Israeli military said Nasser Hospital
376
00:34:44,270 --> 00:34:47,270
was being used to hide hostages.
377
00:34:47,270 --> 00:34:49,870
A number of freed hostages say they were held at Nasser
378
00:34:49,870 --> 00:34:53,710
until they were released.
379
00:34:53,710 --> 00:34:55,310
Did you ever see any hostages being held at Nasser?
380
00:35:26,790 --> 00:35:29,110
On February 15th, both Doctors Moghrabi and Khaled Al Serr
381
00:35:29,110 --> 00:35:31,230
were working when Israeli forces shelled and then finally
382
00:35:31,230 --> 00:35:36,270
raided the hospital.
383
00:35:49,990 --> 00:35:51,470
Khaled Al Serr was on the ward.
384
00:36:20,030 --> 00:36:20,870
Dr Moghrabi fled with his family.
385
00:36:36,910 --> 00:36:40,270
Dr Moghrabi says he and his family had to pass through an Israeli Army
386
00:36:40,270 --> 00:36:41,910
checkpoint where soldiers were searching out medical
387
00:36:41,910 --> 00:36:44,750
staff, amongst others.
388
00:37:05,590 --> 00:37:07,470
Dr Moghrabi believes that he and his family
389
00:37:07,470 --> 00:37:09,150
managed to escape only because he removed his scrubs.
390
00:37:15,830 --> 00:37:18,470
After days of continuous war in Gaza, the Israeli Army invaded
391
00:37:18,470 --> 00:37:23,470
the hospital by soldiers and by tanks, bulldozers.
392
00:37:25,590 --> 00:37:27,750
They displaced all the healthcare workers and all patients
393
00:37:27,750 --> 00:37:32,750
from all the buildings to be condensed into one department.
394
00:37:37,110 --> 00:37:39,230
Inside the hospital, Dr Khaled Al Serr was filming
395
00:37:39,230 --> 00:37:41,350
the patients who remained.
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00:37:41,350 --> 00:37:46,030
Israeli soldiers then rounded people up.
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00:37:46,030 --> 00:37:51,030
Like in other hospital raids, Palestinians are stripped and bound.
398
00:37:52,750 --> 00:37:57,310
Even patients still in their beds are zip-tied.
399
00:37:59,710 --> 00:38:02,150
The IDF said that it had arrested around 200 people,
400
00:38:02,150 --> 00:38:07,190
including what it described as terrorists who posed as medics.
401
00:38:08,830 --> 00:38:11,190
According to the Ministry of Health in Gaza, 70 medics
402
00:38:11,190 --> 00:38:14,710
were detained during the raid.
403
00:38:14,710 --> 00:38:17,550
The IDF withdrew, while Dr Al Serr and the remaining staff tried
404
00:38:17,550 --> 00:38:22,590
to keep the hospital running.
405
00:38:24,990 --> 00:38:30,030
But weeks later, they raided again.
406
00:38:31,750 --> 00:38:36,350
This time, Dr Khaled Al Serr was taken.
407
00:38:40,270 --> 00:38:42,670
According to the UN, the attacks on the hospitals we've
408
00:38:42,670 --> 00:38:44,590
investigated appear to follow a pattern of assault
409
00:38:44,590 --> 00:38:49,590
that the Israeli Army has been replicating across Gaza.
410
00:38:50,350 --> 00:38:52,270
This United Nations report, published in December 2024,
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00:38:52,270 --> 00:38:56,630
sets out the pattern generally being used.
412
00:38:56,630 --> 00:39:01,030
First, the Army strikes hospital buildings and surroundings.
413
00:39:01,030 --> 00:39:03,430
Then it besieges the hospital with ground troops, preventing access
414
00:39:03,430 --> 00:39:08,470
and blocking medical supplies.
415
00:39:08,630 --> 00:39:11,790
It raids the hospital, often using tanks and bulldozers.
416
00:39:11,790 --> 00:39:13,510
It detains medical staff, patients and displaced people
417
00:39:13,510 --> 00:39:17,550
sheltering in the hospital.
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00:39:18,830 --> 00:39:21,270
It then forces anyone remaining to leave.
419
00:39:21,270 --> 00:39:22,910
And finally, Israeli troops withdraw, effectively rendering
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00:39:22,910 --> 00:39:27,950
the hospital non-functional.
421
00:39:29,710 --> 00:39:32,590
It is a war crime to attack civilian hospitals unless they're used
422
00:39:32,590 --> 00:39:35,430
to commit acts harmful to the enemy, but even then, any response
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00:39:35,430 --> 00:39:40,470
must be proportionate.
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00:39:42,190 --> 00:39:46,310
In response to the UN report, Israel said, "Hamas has chosen
425
00:39:46,310 --> 00:39:47,710
to methodically abuse the protection of
426
00:39:47,710 --> 00:39:49,190
medical facilities.
427
00:39:49,190 --> 00:39:50,830
Hamas embeds its tunnel system and infrastructure
428
00:39:50,830 --> 00:39:53,230
within the premises."
429
00:39:53,230 --> 00:39:57,910
And so Israel says their operations are therefore "legally justifiable".
430
00:40:06,830 --> 00:40:08,990
As we're gathering testimonies from medics and their families
431
00:40:08,990 --> 00:40:10,910
in Gaza about how they're being targeted, we're
432
00:40:10,910 --> 00:40:12,790
also collecting evidence about what happens once they're
433
00:40:12,790 --> 00:40:17,830
brought here to Israel.
434
00:40:20,110 --> 00:40:22,030
In the occupied West Bank, lawyer Khaled Zabarga
435
00:40:22,030 --> 00:40:27,030
is representing ten detained healthcare workers from Gaza.
436
00:40:40,590 --> 00:40:42,510
His clients are being held in Ofer Prison.
437
00:40:42,510 --> 00:40:45,110
For the first seven months of the war, Israel prevented lawyers
438
00:40:45,110 --> 00:40:48,270
communicating with detainees.
439
00:40:48,270 --> 00:40:50,910
Now they can apply to visit after 90 days of detention,
440
00:40:50,910 --> 00:40:54,990
but very few applications have been approved.
441
00:41:17,670 --> 00:41:22,670
We can't go in with him, but this is footage from inside the prison.
442
00:41:24,070 --> 00:41:27,630
PRISONER SCREAMS
443
00:41:27,630 --> 00:41:29,550
On the anniversary of the October 7th attacks,
444
00:41:29,550 --> 00:41:32,710
Israel's Channel 13 filmed a raid on Ofer Prison by the Israel Prison
445
00:41:32,710 --> 00:41:37,710
Service, in what they said was a search for weapons.
446
00:41:51,390 --> 00:41:53,270
Later that evening, we met with Khaled Zabarga
447
00:41:53,270 --> 00:41:56,430
on his return from Ofer Prison.
448
00:41:56,430 --> 00:41:58,510
He said his client showed signs of physical and mental torture.
449
00:42:49,710 --> 00:42:52,630
We put these allegations to the IDF, and they didn't respond.
450
00:43:00,430 --> 00:43:03,030
There had been no sightings of Khaled Al Serr, the missing
451
00:43:03,030 --> 00:43:06,790
surgeon from Nasser Hospital...
452
00:43:06,790 --> 00:43:08,950
..until this video was posted of a hospital administrator
453
00:43:08,950 --> 00:43:10,830
called Ahmed Al Kel, who had just been
454
00:43:10,830 --> 00:43:12,150
released from prison.
455
00:43:31,950 --> 00:43:35,150
Like thousands of Palestinians, the two men had been transferred
456
00:43:35,150 --> 00:43:38,470
from black sites in Gaza to detention centres in Israel.
457
00:43:38,470 --> 00:43:43,470
Khaled Al Serr had been held at a military base called Sde Teiman.
458
00:43:52,990 --> 00:43:55,350
That, in the distance, is the Sde Teiman military facility.
459
00:43:55,350 --> 00:43:57,070
We're not going to get any closer.
460
00:43:57,070 --> 00:43:59,470
Now, originally, it was a military base and vehicle warehouse,
461
00:43:59,470 --> 00:44:02,150
but after the 7th October Hamas attacks, it was quickly converted
462
00:44:02,150 --> 00:44:06,630
into an interrogation site housing hundreds of Palestinian prisoners.
463
00:44:06,630 --> 00:44:11,630
It's now become notorious after reports of torture, rape and abuse.
464
00:44:17,710 --> 00:44:20,070
Israel's Channel 12 broadcast a leaked video purporting to show
465
00:44:20,070 --> 00:44:24,830
a gang rape at Sde Teiman.
466
00:44:24,830 --> 00:44:27,430
The victim's injuries were so severe, he was taken to hospital
467
00:44:27,430 --> 00:44:31,070
for emergency surgery.
468
00:44:33,550 --> 00:44:35,470
When nine soldiers were arrested, ultranationalist Israelis stormed
469
00:44:35,470 --> 00:44:39,390
Sde Teiman demanding their release.
470
00:44:41,630 --> 00:44:45,430
Five of those soldiers were later charged with abuse.
471
00:44:45,430 --> 00:44:46,550
CHANTING
472
00:44:46,550 --> 00:44:48,190
Some Israeli politicians debated whether the rape
473
00:44:48,190 --> 00:44:50,750
of prisoners should be allowed.
474
00:45:09,910 --> 00:45:12,030
There's been hardly any testimony from soldiers
475
00:45:12,030 --> 00:45:14,390
stationed at Sde Teiman, but we've found one soldier willing
476
00:45:14,390 --> 00:45:15,910
to talk about what he saw.
477
00:45:15,910 --> 00:45:17,990
But he says he can only do this anonymously
478
00:45:17,990 --> 00:45:23,030
because he feels under threat.
479
00:45:26,270 --> 00:45:28,670
Even before going there, I had heard rumours of what...
480
00:45:28,670 --> 00:45:31,070
..you know, what was done to detainees there, with either
481
00:45:31,070 --> 00:45:32,950
people bragging about physically abusing them or sort
482
00:45:32,950 --> 00:45:37,990
of joking about it.
483
00:45:40,390 --> 00:45:42,750
They would say, like, to me that I would have
484
00:45:42,750 --> 00:45:47,030
to physically abuse detainees.
485
00:45:47,030 --> 00:45:49,350
Can you tell me about the detainees who were doctors
486
00:45:49,350 --> 00:45:50,430
or healthcare workers?
487
00:45:50,430 --> 00:45:53,270
There were a lot of detainees that were known to be detained
488
00:45:53,270 --> 00:45:57,190
from the hospitals in Gaza.
489
00:45:57,190 --> 00:45:59,790
And the main reason, I was told, that they were detained
490
00:45:59,790 --> 00:46:01,990
is that they possibly witnessed hostages either being transported
491
00:46:01,990 --> 00:46:06,990
to places or being given care in hospitals in Gaza.
492
00:46:11,750 --> 00:46:13,430
Did you ever witness detainees being abused?
493
00:46:13,430 --> 00:46:17,190
Yeah.
494
00:46:17,190 --> 00:46:19,550
Soldiers that were enthusiastic to get their hands on detainees.
495
00:46:19,550 --> 00:46:21,590
What do you mean by that?
496
00:46:21,590 --> 00:46:24,790
Even among commanders, one of the incidents in which, like,
497
00:46:24,790 --> 00:46:27,950
one of the soldiers which had beaten a detainee, he wouldn't shut up
498
00:46:27,950 --> 00:46:30,510
about it, and I recall the commander being in on it
499
00:46:30,510 --> 00:46:35,550
and showing his respect for that.
500
00:46:38,190 --> 00:46:40,350
From what you're saying, it sounds like this behaviour
501
00:46:40,350 --> 00:46:41,750
wasn't just tolerated, it was encouraged.
502
00:46:41,750 --> 00:46:45,190
Yeah, yeah.
503
00:46:45,190 --> 00:46:47,830
In those sort of circles, people that guard the detainees sort
504
00:46:47,830 --> 00:46:50,190
of view themselves as fighters or something, and I think
505
00:46:50,190 --> 00:46:55,190
this whole experience was still viewed as pretty just.
506
00:47:00,670 --> 00:47:03,390
What do you think about that now?
507
00:47:03,390 --> 00:47:05,470
I mean, it was shocking.
508
00:47:05,470 --> 00:47:09,870
I'm deeply ashamed.
509
00:47:15,390 --> 00:47:20,390
CHILDREN CHATTER
510
00:47:20,510 --> 00:47:21,950
Our producer, Jaber Badwan, interviewed several
511
00:47:21,950 --> 00:47:23,830
medics who'd been held at Sde Teiman, then
512
00:47:23,830 --> 00:47:28,870
released back into Gaza.
513
00:47:33,150 --> 00:47:34,350
Walid Khalili is a paramedic.
514
00:47:34,350 --> 00:47:39,110
This is him at Al-Shifa hospital in 2023.
515
00:47:40,150 --> 00:47:42,790
The Palestine Red Crescent Society says 27 of their paramedics have
516
00:47:42,790 --> 00:47:47,790
been killed while on duty since October 2023.
517
00:47:49,950 --> 00:47:52,310
34 of their ambulances have been taken out of service
518
00:47:52,310 --> 00:47:55,470
due to Israeli attacks.
519
00:47:55,470 --> 00:47:57,590
Walid Khalili was arrested while on a rescue mission
520
00:47:57,590 --> 00:47:59,470
and taken to Sde Teiman, and later transferred
521
00:47:59,470 --> 00:48:02,750
to another prison.
522
00:49:12,830 --> 00:49:14,350
Dr Saeed Marouf is a paediatrician.
523
00:49:14,350 --> 00:49:16,030
He's back treating Gaza's wounded and malnourished
524
00:49:16,030 --> 00:49:18,310
children at Nasser Hospital, now partially functioning.
525
00:49:28,550 --> 00:49:31,710
According to the United Nations, much of Gaza has been on the brink
526
00:49:31,710 --> 00:49:36,710
of famine because of Israel's severe restrictions on aid.
527
00:49:48,470 --> 00:49:52,870
Dr Marouf was detained for 45 days, mostly at Sde Teiman.
528
00:50:41,990 --> 00:50:44,630
General Surgeon Issam Abu Ajwa and his whole team were taken
529
00:50:44,630 --> 00:50:49,630
from the operating theatre in Al-Ahli Baptist Hospital.
530
00:50:53,270 --> 00:50:55,750
He makes shocking allegations about his 137 days in Sde Teiman.
531
00:51:19,310 --> 00:51:22,190
Dr Abu Ajwa makes a shocking allegation that others have told us
532
00:51:22,190 --> 00:51:24,550
- that some Israeli medics refuse to treat Palestinian prisoners
533
00:51:24,550 --> 00:51:29,590
and even physically abuse them.
534
00:52:28,270 --> 00:52:30,910
We spoke to Israeli medics who confirmed that some doctors had
535
00:52:30,910 --> 00:52:33,510
mistreated Palestinian detainees, but they were all too scared to go
536
00:52:33,510 --> 00:52:39,350
on camera for fear of retribution.
537
00:52:42,430 --> 00:52:44,790
Finally, one doctor who'd been stationed at Sde Teiman's field
538
00:52:44,790 --> 00:52:46,470
hospital, among others, agreed to meet on
539
00:52:46,470 --> 00:52:51,430
condition of anonymity.
540
00:52:51,430 --> 00:52:54,070
I remember at least one case where a very painful procedure
541
00:52:54,070 --> 00:52:59,030
was being done and the patient got no consent.
542
00:52:59,030 --> 00:53:01,190
Things were not explained to him in his language,
543
00:53:01,190 --> 00:53:05,670
so he didn't know what was going on.
544
00:53:05,670 --> 00:53:09,670
And, to the best of my knowledge, no painkillers were administered
545
00:53:09,670 --> 00:53:12,190
to him around that procedure.
546
00:53:12,190 --> 00:53:14,310
And I was there.
547
00:53:14,310 --> 00:53:16,430
I saw that happening, and I saw him screaming,
548
00:53:16,430 --> 00:53:20,870
and I saw no-one stopping it.
549
00:53:20,870 --> 00:53:22,750
And why do you think this was happening?
550
00:53:22,750 --> 00:53:27,470
Why weren't they using anaesthetic on this patient?
551
00:53:27,470 --> 00:53:30,310
Well, I think that was retribution.
552
00:53:30,310 --> 00:53:34,630
Like, that was a way to inflict pain.
553
00:53:34,630 --> 00:53:39,190
So the scary part is how I could not recognise that.
554
00:53:39,190 --> 00:53:42,830
When I saw that, and I recognise how I have normalised the fact that even
555
00:53:42,830 --> 00:53:44,710
those patients are defined and are called just
556
00:53:44,710 --> 00:53:49,830
by a five-digit number.
557
00:53:49,830 --> 00:53:54,830
They don't have a name, they don't move.
558
00:53:56,390 --> 00:53:59,550
They are blindfolded, so you do not look at them in the eyes.
559
00:53:59,550 --> 00:54:02,350
So you're taking a lot of the humanity and the empathy that
560
00:54:02,350 --> 00:54:03,430
you might feel away.
561
00:54:03,430 --> 00:54:06,590
So there is no doubt that, in many ways, I am an accomplice,
562
00:54:06,590 --> 00:54:11,590
as well as an Israeli physician, to how we have been treating Gazans.
563
00:54:16,070 --> 00:54:18,230
Were you given any guidelines, or were you briefed
564
00:54:18,230 --> 00:54:22,550
about the parameters within which you could work?
565
00:54:22,550 --> 00:54:24,910
The only guidelines that we see is about, like, keeping
566
00:54:24,910 --> 00:54:27,630
ourselves anonymous.
567
00:54:27,630 --> 00:54:30,030
Just because they wouldn't want their names coming out to,
568
00:54:30,030 --> 00:54:31,950
let's say, foreign countries and foreign journalists just
569
00:54:31,950 --> 00:54:37,630
because they might be liable, potentially, of war crimes.
570
00:54:37,630 --> 00:54:39,110
What happens if you speak out?
571
00:54:39,110 --> 00:54:44,110
Well, I might be viewed as a traitor.
572
00:54:44,110 --> 00:54:46,510
So in this atmosphere, where people are scared to speak
573
00:54:46,510 --> 00:54:51,510
out, do you think this is causing a cover-up?
574
00:54:53,870 --> 00:54:56,230
I don't even think that in the Israeli society, there
575
00:54:56,230 --> 00:54:58,190
is a need for a cover-up these days.
576
00:54:58,190 --> 00:55:02,390
You can do almost whatever you want when it comes to Gazans.
577
00:55:02,390 --> 00:55:04,750
Honestly, I think that's how the Israeli society has been
578
00:55:04,750 --> 00:55:09,710
dehumanising Palestinians for years.
579
00:55:09,710 --> 00:55:11,110
It didn't start on October 7th.
580
00:55:11,110 --> 00:55:16,110
It's nothing new.
581
00:55:17,790 --> 00:55:20,190
The IDF and the Israel Prison Service did not respond
582
00:55:20,190 --> 00:55:24,790
to the allegation that Israeli doctors mistreated detainees.
583
00:55:24,790 --> 00:55:29,550
But the IDF said detainees can request medical care.
584
00:55:32,430 --> 00:55:36,190
Dr Khaled Hamouda had also been detained at Sde Teiman.
585
00:55:36,190 --> 00:55:38,070
His detention had coincided with another doctor -
586
00:55:38,070 --> 00:55:41,190
the surgeon from Al-Shifa Hospital, Adnan Al Bursh.
587
00:55:49,510 --> 00:55:50,830
What was Adnan's state of mind like?
588
00:55:53,150 --> 00:55:54,590
Did he look healthy to you?
589
00:56:26,350 --> 00:56:28,950
In mid-April, Dr Adnan Al Bursh was transferred to Ofer Prison.
590
00:56:28,950 --> 00:56:30,910
He died on the day of his arrival.
591
00:56:36,230 --> 00:56:38,190
What did you think when you heard Adnan had died in prison?
592
00:56:54,790 --> 00:56:57,190
Testimony from other prisoners provided to an Israeli human rights
593
00:56:57,190 --> 00:56:59,790
group describes prison guards beating Dr Al Bursh and throwing him
594
00:56:59,790 --> 00:57:02,670
to the ground before his death.
595
00:57:02,670 --> 00:57:05,310
The Israel Prison Service says it is not aware of any
596
00:57:05,310 --> 00:57:08,470
of the claims made in this film, and the IDF says they act
597
00:57:08,470 --> 00:57:10,790
in accordance with international law, and the abuse of detainees
598
00:57:10,790 --> 00:57:15,830
is strictly prohibited.
599
00:57:20,270 --> 00:57:22,110
Israeli documents show that 65 Palestinians have died
600
00:57:22,110 --> 00:57:27,150
in its detention since October 2023.
601
00:57:27,790 --> 00:57:30,430
Along with Adnan Al Bursh, there are at least three other
602
00:57:30,430 --> 00:57:31,870
healthcare workers - Dr Iyad al-Rantisi,
603
00:57:31,870 --> 00:57:36,590
head of obstetrics at Kamal Adwan Hospital,
604
00:57:36,590 --> 00:57:41,590
Dr Ziad Al-Dalou from Al-Shifa Hospital,
605
00:57:42,150 --> 00:57:47,190
and paramedic Hamdan Abu Anaba.
606
00:57:55,630 --> 00:57:57,510
In October 2024, Israeli forces launched another ground
607
00:57:57,510 --> 00:58:06,830
invasion of northern Gaza.
608
00:58:06,830 --> 00:58:08,750
They issued evacuation orders to the remaining 400,000
609
00:58:08,750 --> 00:58:16,710
Palestinians and cut all aid reaching them.
610
00:58:16,710 --> 00:58:21,710
Once again, Kamal Adwan, Al-Awda, and the Indonesian Hospitals came
611
00:58:22,190 --> 00:58:25,470
under attack, and the UN Secretary-General warned
612
00:58:25,470 --> 00:58:30,470
the world it needed to act to prevent ethnic cleansing.
613
00:58:34,350 --> 00:58:37,790
But the plan to clear northern Gaza was delayed.
614
00:58:37,790 --> 00:58:40,190
The director of Kamal Adwan Hospital, Dr Hussam Abu Safiya,
615
00:58:40,190 --> 00:58:45,190
was one of several doctors refusing to leave his patients.
616
00:58:48,950 --> 00:58:52,030
Here he is standing next to Dr Mohammed Obeid.
617
00:59:06,190 --> 00:59:07,790
Allahu Akbar.
618
00:59:07,790 --> 00:59:12,790
In late October, following another raid, an Israeli drone strike
619
00:59:13,070 --> 00:59:14,150
killed his son, Ibrahim.
620
00:59:14,150 --> 00:59:14,910
The next day, he spoke to Al Jazeera.
621
00:59:32,950 --> 00:59:34,630
After more than two months under attack,
622
00:59:34,630 --> 00:59:38,510
and with the hospital in flames, it was forced to finally close.
623
00:59:38,510 --> 00:59:40,910
Israel says it detained over 200 militants in the area,
624
00:59:40,910 --> 00:59:43,070
but the hospital says Israel detained many healthcare workers,
625
00:59:43,070 --> 00:59:48,110
like Dr Abu Safiya.
626
00:59:53,150 --> 00:59:56,310
This is the last time he was seen in Gaza by his colleagues,
627
00:59:56,310 --> 01:00:02,710
walking towards an Israeli tank.
628
01:00:02,670 --> 01:00:05,270
Dr Abu Safiya was taken to Sde Teiman, and is now
629
01:00:05,270 --> 01:00:09,550
being held in Ofer Prison.
630
01:00:09,550 --> 01:00:13,190
Israel accuses him of having a rank in Hamas.
631
01:00:13,190 --> 01:00:15,110
In March 2025, an Israeli court classified him
632
01:00:15,110 --> 01:00:17,030
as an unlawful combatant, and ordered his continued
633
01:00:17,030 --> 01:00:22,030
imprisonment without charge or trial.
634
01:00:22,910 --> 01:00:25,790
His lawyer says he's not a terrorist and that he's been held
635
01:00:25,790 --> 01:00:27,430
in solitary confinement, shown signs of torture,
636
01:00:27,430 --> 01:00:32,470
and denied proper medical care.
637
01:00:32,950 --> 01:00:34,630
Having worked through four separate hospital sieges,
638
01:00:34,630 --> 01:00:36,510
Dr Mohammed Obeid was taken by Israeli soldiers
639
01:00:36,510 --> 01:00:41,350
on October 26th, 2024.
640
01:00:41,350 --> 01:00:43,070
He is still being held.
641
01:00:43,070 --> 01:00:46,390
Over a year after his death, the body of Adnan Al Bursh has not
642
01:00:46,390 --> 01:00:49,790
been returned to his family in Gaza.
643
01:00:58,590 --> 01:01:01,230
After more than six months in detention, Dr Khaled Al Serr,
644
01:01:01,230 --> 01:01:03,150
the surgeon who stayed on at Nasser Hospital
645
01:01:03,150 --> 01:01:08,150
through the worst, returned to his family.
646
01:01:13,910 --> 01:01:16,510
Like all of those doctors we've spoken to detained by Israel,
647
01:01:16,510 --> 01:01:21,550
he was released without charge.
648
01:01:23,830 --> 01:01:27,910
And like all of those doctors, Khaled Al Serr says he was tortured.
649
01:01:30,670 --> 01:01:35,670
Dr Al Serr was released a year after the war began.
650
01:01:36,830 --> 01:01:39,710
A war in which over 1,500 healthcare workers have reportedly been killed,
651
01:01:39,710 --> 01:01:44,710
including at least 50 highly qualified specialists.
652
01:01:46,630 --> 01:01:51,630
A war in which Gaza's healthcare system has been destroyed.
653
01:02:03,350 --> 01:02:05,510
In May 2025, the IDF struck the European Hospital,
654
01:02:05,510 --> 01:02:08,670
saying it killed Hamas military chief Mohammed Sinwar.
655
01:02:08,670 --> 01:02:13,670
In June, it issued an edited video it said showed a tunnel under
656
01:02:17,430 --> 01:02:20,390
the hospital where Sinwar and other militants died, and gave a media
657
01:02:20,390 --> 01:02:25,430
tour to some journalists.
658
01:02:29,870 --> 01:02:33,350
Also in May, Israeli government minister Bezalel Smotrich
659
01:02:33,350 --> 01:02:36,350
vowed to destroy Gaza.
660
01:04:48,910 --> 01:04:53,910
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