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1
00:00:01,740 --> 00:00:05,840
The African National Congress needs
educated people. Where do I sign up?
2
00:00:06,280 --> 00:00:09,800
The movement is what is going to help
our children.
3
00:00:10,100 --> 00:00:11,500
The children that you never see.
4
00:00:11,740 --> 00:00:14,700
Tell me, one day you will be father and
son united in this struggle.
5
00:00:15,100 --> 00:00:18,140
Arrest the leaders, all of them. We have
a warrant for your arrest.
6
00:00:19,020 --> 00:00:20,400
Shut your mouth, Gaffer.
7
00:00:20,700 --> 00:00:21,860
You're in my yard.
8
00:00:22,140 --> 00:00:25,440
We will get out of this, my friends.
This is not how our struggle ends.
9
00:02:24,170 --> 00:02:30,990
I have been asked many times how I was
able to keep going in spite of
10
00:02:30,990 --> 00:02:32,950
all of the difficulties of my life.
11
00:02:35,650 --> 00:02:39,450
Passion, love, I found it again.
12
00:02:51,470 --> 00:02:54,510
In the midst of my despair, she was
there.
13
00:02:57,530 --> 00:03:04,010
A wife who came to understand my
greatest love was my people, our
14
00:03:06,990 --> 00:03:11,310
She shared that with me, our fight for
liberation.
15
00:03:13,350 --> 00:03:16,270
But it seemed a fight that was going
nowhere.
16
00:03:17,640 --> 00:03:21,640
After four years, my comrades and I were
still on trial for treason.
17
00:03:22,180 --> 00:03:24,460
My life had become grim routine.
18
00:03:25,180 --> 00:03:28,960
I was not yet in prison, but I was not
yet free.
19
00:03:30,700 --> 00:03:35,880
And I was still unwelcome in my own
country.
20
00:03:38,800 --> 00:03:39,940
What do we have here?
21
00:03:40,340 --> 00:03:42,440
A fleet -footed keffer? Aye, stop.
22
00:03:46,670 --> 00:03:47,670
Good morning, officer.
23
00:03:48,570 --> 00:03:52,410
How may I help you? No, no, no. You
don't call me officer. You call me boss.
24
00:03:52,730 --> 00:03:53,730
Let me see your pass.
25
00:04:00,970 --> 00:04:02,090
It's Nelson Mandela.
26
00:04:04,550 --> 00:04:06,250
Aren't you supposed to be on trial for
treason?
27
00:04:06,550 --> 00:04:10,930
All of the accused are free on bail for
the duration of the trial.
28
00:04:11,570 --> 00:04:13,830
Early morning is the only time I can get
exercise.
29
00:04:14,610 --> 00:04:15,610
Boss.
30
00:04:18,640 --> 00:04:20,880
You know what I do to cheeky cafes like
you?
31
00:04:22,460 --> 00:04:25,960
I take you into the bush and I put a
bullet through your head.
32
00:04:38,620 --> 00:04:39,620
You're lucky.
33
00:04:40,780 --> 00:04:44,740
White people in South Africa, we believe
in following the rule of law.
34
00:05:14,430 --> 00:05:15,990
Oliver. Nelson!
35
00:05:18,610 --> 00:05:20,070
The great athlete.
36
00:05:21,650 --> 00:05:22,770
How's it? It's good.
37
00:05:22,990 --> 00:05:24,930
How's Winnie and the family? They are
well, well.
38
00:05:25,230 --> 00:05:29,990
So, you did not run here just to say
hello, huh? No, no. Already you have so
39
00:05:29,990 --> 00:05:32,710
many of them lined up out there. So many
new laws.
40
00:05:32,950 --> 00:05:34,290
And so few black lawyers.
41
00:05:40,140 --> 00:05:44,700
I'm sorry, my friend, that you had to
take on such a heavy load with me still
42
00:05:44,700 --> 00:05:45,700
being on trial.
43
00:05:47,140 --> 00:05:49,160
I'm lucky they dropped the charges
against me.
44
00:05:49,980 --> 00:05:52,040
My burden is not as heavy as yours.
45
00:05:55,120 --> 00:05:57,560
I miss you, Oliver, and this place.
46
00:05:58,720 --> 00:06:00,320
I can't wait till I get back.
47
00:06:02,440 --> 00:06:03,860
You're not ever coming back.
48
00:06:05,160 --> 00:06:06,160
We both know that.
49
00:06:07,220 --> 00:06:10,940
If they do not convict you, they will
try and try again until they succeed.
50
00:06:13,560 --> 00:06:19,200
If I am acquitted, I will have to go
underground. It is the only way that I
51
00:06:19,200 --> 00:06:20,200
continue in this struggle.
52
00:06:21,620 --> 00:06:24,680
You cannot wage a struggle for freedom
while you are in prison.
53
00:06:30,720 --> 00:06:33,380
A favor to ask.
54
00:06:34,320 --> 00:06:36,060
Can you see this kid for me?
55
00:06:37,180 --> 00:06:38,180
Hepatophane's the usual.
56
00:06:38,620 --> 00:06:42,480
Oh, I don't know, Oliver. Ah, come on,
Nelson.
57
00:06:43,000 --> 00:06:44,000
All right.
58
00:06:44,900 --> 00:06:46,120
I will take a look.
59
00:06:46,600 --> 00:06:47,600
Thank you.
60
00:06:49,160 --> 00:06:50,160
Ah,
61
00:06:53,660 --> 00:06:54,660
come.
62
00:06:54,720 --> 00:06:55,920
We'll get Nelson today.
63
00:06:56,780 --> 00:06:57,980
Miss, you can sit here.
64
00:07:01,160 --> 00:07:03,080
I was arrested.
65
00:07:03,870 --> 00:07:04,890
Because I don't have a pass.
66
00:07:05,870 --> 00:07:08,550
But I can only get a pass if I have a
job.
67
00:07:09,330 --> 00:07:10,530
So what am I supposed to do?
68
00:07:10,890 --> 00:07:13,970
As soon as I go out there to find work,
I get arrested.
69
00:07:14,790 --> 00:07:16,330
Because you don't have a pass.
70
00:07:17,730 --> 00:07:18,730
Tell me.
71
00:07:19,790 --> 00:07:21,210
I have this girl I want to marry.
72
00:07:25,430 --> 00:07:26,430
Her name is Nandi.
73
00:07:27,290 --> 00:07:28,530
Does she want to marry you?
74
00:07:29,350 --> 00:07:30,350
How can she?
75
00:07:30,930 --> 00:07:32,150
When I don't even have a job.
76
00:07:45,800 --> 00:07:47,460
I was listening to that.
77
00:07:53,140 --> 00:07:59,020
Maybe you should join forces.
78
00:07:59,520 --> 00:08:04,440
ANC and PSP. Do more with the United
Front. The PSP's vision is different
79
00:08:04,440 --> 00:08:09,480
ours. They want to exclude white,
Indian, coloreds from the struggle.
80
00:08:10,190 --> 00:08:11,190
They are clever.
81
00:08:11,330 --> 00:08:14,370
The past protest was our idea. They are
strategic.
82
00:08:14,750 --> 00:08:15,950
They are opportunistic.
83
00:08:16,990 --> 00:08:19,630
Well, turning off the radio won't stop
the protest today.
84
00:08:19,950 --> 00:08:20,950
Yes.
85
00:08:21,710 --> 00:08:26,390
The bloody trial is really putting a
strain on our law practice.
86
00:08:26,790 --> 00:08:27,830
It has almost been for you.
87
00:08:28,710 --> 00:08:30,150
The people want to see change.
88
00:08:30,730 --> 00:08:31,810
They want action.
89
00:08:36,870 --> 00:08:38,330
Let them wait.
90
00:08:40,169 --> 00:08:42,090
The treason bus waits for no man.
91
00:08:50,810 --> 00:08:52,070
Good morning, comrade.
92
00:08:52,290 --> 00:08:53,290
Good morning, Nelson.
93
00:08:53,370 --> 00:08:54,830
Day 1399.
94
00:08:55,190 --> 00:09:00,870
It's not a joke anymore. Day 1399 is the
day we're going to be humiliated by the
95
00:09:00,870 --> 00:09:01,870
king.
96
00:09:03,090 --> 00:09:05,490
They've called their protest a week
before ours.
97
00:09:05,690 --> 00:09:08,950
For one week. Yes, to make us look slow
and stupid.
98
00:09:20,940 --> 00:09:22,460
to travel in our homeland.
99
00:09:23,580 --> 00:09:28,820
Now we have promised a peaceful march,
but our demands are non -negotiable.
100
00:09:30,720 --> 00:09:33,020
Abolish the past laws now.
101
00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:38,860
We will stand our ground until we hear
from Pretoria.
102
00:09:39,840 --> 00:09:45,220
The future of Africa must be what
Africans make it.
103
00:09:57,870 --> 00:09:58,849
in Nelson.
104
00:09:58,850 --> 00:10:01,530
Sobuwa is saying all the things that the
people want to hear.
105
00:10:01,730 --> 00:10:05,930
Maybe they don't want this multi -party,
multi -racial, passive resistance.
106
00:10:06,410 --> 00:10:10,670
They don't want clever colored lawyers
and rich white communists to be on their
107
00:10:10,670 --> 00:10:13,970
side. That's why the PAC is growing so
much. Ruth,
108
00:10:14,810 --> 00:10:16,470
Joe, come sit here by me and Duma.
109
00:10:18,230 --> 00:10:20,670
Okay with you two? You're scared we'll
infect you.
110
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Africa for Africans, that is what the
people want to hear. That is why they
111
00:10:25,530 --> 00:10:26,530
joining the PAC.
112
00:10:26,730 --> 00:10:30,530
The question is, Duma, do you want to
join us? Because you are too intelligent
113
00:10:30,530 --> 00:10:31,950
for the PAP rhetoric.
114
00:10:32,430 --> 00:10:36,210
Because you don't want the struggle for
justice for all to turn into a primitive
115
00:10:36,210 --> 00:10:40,310
civil war between black people, colored
people, white people, because you
116
00:10:40,310 --> 00:10:41,570
understand we are all Africans.
117
00:10:42,350 --> 00:10:46,090
Sometimes you have to hold on to what
you believe in and be patient.
118
00:10:50,450 --> 00:10:53,110
I want to troublemaker talk.
119
00:10:53,870 --> 00:10:55,790
Isn't it enough that we have this...
120
00:10:56,250 --> 00:11:02,150
Red communist and black leaders on trial
for treason. This PAC or ANC, whatever
121
00:11:02,150 --> 00:11:04,450
you call them, they must be eliminated.
122
00:11:06,070 --> 00:11:08,370
Use everything at our disposal.
123
00:11:09,170 --> 00:11:10,690
Don't spare any expense.
124
00:11:37,930 --> 00:11:42,890
Chief Sotuli, as president of the ANC,
is the use of violence a tactic employed
125
00:11:42,890 --> 00:11:43,890
by your organization?
126
00:11:44,110 --> 00:11:47,710
The use of violence would be almost
national suicide.
127
00:11:48,370 --> 00:11:52,910
Because of my Christian leanings, I
would hesitate to be a party to
128
00:11:53,010 --> 00:11:53,809
You say hesitate.
129
00:11:53,810 --> 00:11:55,830
Would not condemn it outright?
130
00:11:56,150 --> 00:12:00,510
The ANC believes that progress is
achieved through dialogue.
131
00:12:01,190 --> 00:12:06,710
The accused believe, as I believe, that
one day the African people and the white
132
00:12:06,710 --> 00:12:08,110
man... Must talk.
133
00:12:08,570 --> 00:12:11,730
Otherwise, where is the hope for any of
us?
134
00:12:22,730 --> 00:12:24,010
Colonel. Lieutenant.
135
00:12:36,460 --> 00:12:37,460
See any weapons?
136
00:12:37,700 --> 00:12:38,880
Only umbrellas.
137
00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:44,120
There's more than umbrellas.
138
00:12:46,780 --> 00:12:47,780
Yes, sir.
139
00:12:50,920 --> 00:12:51,920
Mr.
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00:12:53,740 --> 00:12:57,040
Mandela, is it fair to say that you play
a significant role in the African
141
00:12:57,040 --> 00:12:58,040
National Congress?
142
00:12:58,300 --> 00:13:02,360
We are a democratic body under the
presidency of Chief Lutuli.
143
00:13:03,370 --> 00:13:06,910
Will you confirm that all the accused
here are members of the ANC?
144
00:13:07,310 --> 00:13:08,350
Why ask me?
145
00:13:09,250 --> 00:13:11,150
All of them have already said as much.
146
00:13:12,230 --> 00:13:15,830
But would you agree that the purpose of
the ANC is to overthrow the government?
147
00:13:16,210 --> 00:13:21,530
No. The purpose of the ANC is to reform
the government.
148
00:13:33,840 --> 00:13:35,260
Load five rounds.
149
00:14:45,900 --> 00:14:46,920
Is the BBC worth it?
150
00:14:47,540 --> 00:14:51,960
In the township of Sharpeville in South
Africa, a violent clash between police
151
00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:52,960
and protesters.
152
00:14:53,180 --> 00:14:55,600
Policemen encountered an angry mob of
thousands.
153
00:14:56,300 --> 00:15:00,740
Police say they were forced to open fire
on the violent and illegal protest led
154
00:15:00,740 --> 00:15:03,820
by the Pan -Africanist Congress against
the new pass laws.
155
00:15:12,940 --> 00:15:13,980
69 dead.
156
00:15:15,370 --> 00:15:17,530
More than 150 wounded.
157
00:15:19,070 --> 00:15:21,310
I say no apology.
158
00:15:21,810 --> 00:15:25,750
We commend the police for their bravery.
We declare martial law and stop this
159
00:15:25,750 --> 00:15:29,390
now. Tomorrow the eyes of the world will
be upon us. I think we need to proceed
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with great caution.
161
00:15:30,470 --> 00:15:36,370
You understand, right there by
Sharpeville,
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we signed a treaty of our defeat by the
British nearly 60 years
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00:15:43,310 --> 00:15:44,310
ago.
164
00:15:45,160 --> 00:15:48,100
I've forgotten that. We must never
forget.
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Today is the sign from the Lord, a
reminder
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that we must never risk humiliation and
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extermination again.
168
00:16:05,700 --> 00:16:11,060
We must always remember our sacred duty.
169
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We will fight for our existence.
170
00:16:16,050 --> 00:16:18,590
We must keep our people safe.
171
00:16:32,190 --> 00:16:33,710
You, lawyer.
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00:16:34,610 --> 00:16:38,370
What did you tell him? What did you say
about the past, Lord?
173
00:16:39,150 --> 00:16:40,990
Solomon was such a good boy.
174
00:16:41,610 --> 00:16:42,610
No trouble.
175
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He just wanted to work.
176
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You put ideas in his head.
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Send him to protest.
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I am so sorry.
179
00:17:20,780 --> 00:17:25,079
We can't let the PAC draw us into a
street fight. It's too dangerous.
180
00:17:25,420 --> 00:17:27,859
It's fine. I hear you, but I think we
should take some action.
181
00:17:28,060 --> 00:17:32,780
The PAC is split from us because all we
ever do is talk. Nonsense. They want
182
00:17:32,780 --> 00:17:37,140
civil war. They want division between
blacks and whites and colored and
183
00:17:37,180 --> 00:17:40,560
Look, whatever we think of them morally,
we have no choice but to make a stand.
184
00:17:40,640 --> 00:17:43,340
For God's sake, we all agree on that,
but we must make a decision.
185
00:17:44,140 --> 00:17:47,080
I don't think we should argue amongst
ourselves.
186
00:17:48,140 --> 00:17:50,720
Yes, you are right. But what are we
going to do?
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Stand here drinking? I can't do that
anymore.
188
00:17:55,340 --> 00:18:00,840
Every fiber of my being tells me that we
cannot respond to this violence with
189
00:18:00,840 --> 00:18:01,840
more passive resistance.
190
00:18:02,820 --> 00:18:08,620
The PAC has shown great courage. No
matter what we think of their strategy,
191
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this crisis, we must support them.
192
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Those people.
193
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were shot in the back as they ran. Men,
women, children.
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It was murder.
195
00:18:20,340 --> 00:18:27,180
But nonviolence has always been our path
from the start. And I am not ready to
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abandon it.
197
00:18:28,360 --> 00:18:30,660
Neither is our president, Chief Lutuli.
198
00:18:30,880 --> 00:18:34,440
And as far as I know, neither is the
PAC.
199
00:18:34,780 --> 00:18:39,600
We will call for a national day of
mourning for the victims of Sharpeville.
200
00:18:40,520 --> 00:18:41,860
We will call for strikes.
201
00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:44,680
that close factories and empty the
fields.
202
00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:50,560
We will call for marches that bring the
cities to a standstill and dare them to
203
00:18:50,560 --> 00:18:51,560
strike us down.
204
00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:54,720
The PAC was demonstrating the PACE laws.
205
00:18:55,200 --> 00:19:00,880
I will make my own small act of
solidarity with the PAC by burning my
206
00:19:00,880 --> 00:19:02,420
public in front of the press.
207
00:19:04,260 --> 00:19:07,600
I know Douma has been longing to burn
his PACE in public for years.
208
00:19:12,179 --> 00:19:15,180
I have one other proposal.
209
00:19:20,160 --> 00:19:21,180
We agreed.
210
00:19:22,100 --> 00:19:23,860
Vervoet will attack.
211
00:19:24,100 --> 00:19:28,860
He will attempt to silence us with
incarceration, execution or
212
00:19:29,920 --> 00:19:33,320
Therefore, we need a voice that he
cannot silence.
213
00:19:33,540 --> 00:19:35,900
A voice that people know and respect.
214
00:19:36,480 --> 00:19:40,180
A voice that can speak from the safety
of another country.
215
00:19:43,820 --> 00:19:45,440
I see you are looking at me, Nalena.
216
00:19:46,740 --> 00:19:47,740
Yes.
217
00:19:51,280 --> 00:19:52,280
Who else?
218
00:20:03,320 --> 00:20:04,320
I will miss you.
219
00:20:06,000 --> 00:20:07,000
Very much.
220
00:20:15,240 --> 00:20:21,020
I would like to make a gesture of
support for Robert Sabukwe and the PAC
221
00:20:21,020 --> 00:20:26,260
banning this most hated passbook, which
makes me a foreigner in my own country,
222
00:20:26,320 --> 00:20:33,100
and a gesture of the deepest sympathy
for the friends and
223
00:20:33,100 --> 00:20:37,740
families of those whose lives were
sacrificed in the cause of freedom, our
224
00:20:37,740 --> 00:20:38,740
freedom.
225
00:20:39,180 --> 00:20:43,860
This is my passbook, which I am supposed
to carry everywhere.
226
00:20:45,040 --> 00:20:49,480
So they will know who I am, where I am
from.
227
00:20:50,800 --> 00:20:53,300
I am a South African from South Africa.
228
00:20:53,820 --> 00:20:56,820
I have the right to travel in my own
country.
229
00:20:57,160 --> 00:20:58,960
This is all they need to know.
230
00:21:51,440 --> 00:21:54,140
You have set fire to a lot more than
your passbook.
231
00:21:55,120 --> 00:21:56,740
It's getting dangerous out there.
232
00:21:57,280 --> 00:21:59,440
I think you and Zanani should stay
inside.
233
00:22:00,280 --> 00:22:02,900
I need to go and look in on my other
children.
234
00:22:05,580 --> 00:22:06,580
Of course.
235
00:22:06,700 --> 00:22:08,580
They will be at Walter's tomorrow.
236
00:22:12,800 --> 00:22:13,800
Tomorrow is Sunday.
237
00:22:14,560 --> 00:22:15,960
It's our only day together.
238
00:22:20,840 --> 00:22:21,840
I won't stay long.
239
00:22:22,180 --> 00:22:24,360
It is only right that you see your other
children.
240
00:22:25,600 --> 00:22:26,660
I want you to go.
241
00:22:28,380 --> 00:22:31,540
The struggle, your comrades, your other
family.
242
00:22:33,380 --> 00:22:36,920
If everyone gets a piece of you, what is
left?
243
00:22:52,720 --> 00:22:57,720
I'll be there as soon as I give my job
notice and I pack up our things.
244
00:22:58,040 --> 00:23:00,020
By then we will have arranged a route
for you.
245
00:23:04,340 --> 00:23:05,940
Are you sure you will be okay?
246
00:23:07,460 --> 00:23:09,660
I hate being separated from you.
247
00:23:18,080 --> 00:23:20,820
I will call you as soon as I'm over the
border.
248
00:23:21,900 --> 00:23:22,900
Don't worry.
249
00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:24,300
I will be safe.
250
00:23:46,060 --> 00:23:47,600
You can't sleep, my dear.
251
00:23:54,510 --> 00:23:55,510
Is it that bad?
252
00:23:58,470 --> 00:24:02,990
They had audacity to burn the passes for
the first time. They coordinated a
253
00:24:02,990 --> 00:24:03,990
nationwide strike.
254
00:24:05,970 --> 00:24:07,510
Our country's on fire.
255
00:24:12,390 --> 00:24:13,390
It will pass.
256
00:24:13,570 --> 00:24:14,570
It always does.
257
00:24:14,690 --> 00:24:16,390
No. Not that time.
258
00:24:17,430 --> 00:24:20,070
We are considering a state of emergency.
259
00:24:20,930 --> 00:24:22,050
A new loss.
260
00:24:27,080 --> 00:24:31,680
You must get some sleep so you can wake
up refreshed and look after all your
261
00:24:31,680 --> 00:24:32,680
people.
262
00:24:33,060 --> 00:24:34,060
Come to bed.
263
00:24:52,340 --> 00:24:53,500
All right, you two.
264
00:24:54,220 --> 00:24:55,900
Let this old man catch his breath.
265
00:24:56,460 --> 00:24:57,540
Come and sit down, old man.
266
00:24:58,560 --> 00:24:59,560
I'll be a Tina.
267
00:24:59,640 --> 00:25:01,660
These little ones are really happy to
see you.
268
00:25:02,000 --> 00:25:03,800
Yes. Thank you, my dear.
269
00:25:05,200 --> 00:25:06,200
Go with your mother.
270
00:25:06,700 --> 00:25:07,700
What's that?
271
00:25:09,500 --> 00:25:11,740
The children are growing up strong,
Nelson.
272
00:25:13,680 --> 00:25:14,700
And how is their mother?
273
00:25:16,860 --> 00:25:18,940
All things being considered, my cousin
as well.
274
00:25:21,180 --> 00:25:24,480
You know, when we were first married, I
thought that Evelyn and I would be
275
00:25:24,480 --> 00:25:25,480
together forever.
276
00:25:26,920 --> 00:25:27,719
And then?
277
00:25:27,720 --> 00:25:34,400
And then all of this, all that our lives
have become, I am already starting to
278
00:25:34,400 --> 00:25:35,620
make Winnie worry, too.
279
00:25:38,540 --> 00:25:45,480
But you, Walter, and Albertina,
280
00:25:45,600 --> 00:25:52,440
your home, your children, you have
281
00:25:52,440 --> 00:25:53,980
held it all together. You are happy.
282
00:25:55,240 --> 00:25:56,900
What is the secret, I wonder?
283
00:25:57,540 --> 00:25:58,620
There is the cause.
284
00:25:59,980 --> 00:26:01,140
And there is family.
285
00:26:03,520 --> 00:26:04,940
Your duty is to both.
286
00:26:07,940 --> 00:26:09,140
Remember this, Madiba.
287
00:26:10,940 --> 00:26:14,220
If not for them, for you.
288
00:26:16,960 --> 00:26:17,960
Come, Tata.
289
00:26:20,120 --> 00:26:21,420
All right, Bagat.
290
00:26:22,660 --> 00:26:23,960
You are the boss.
291
00:26:24,940 --> 00:26:26,120
And I must go soon.
292
00:26:26,640 --> 00:26:31,560
I don't want you to go home yet. I will
come around again very soon.
293
00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:36,000
Do you and Mama hate each other? Mama
too.
294
00:26:36,300 --> 00:26:37,300
It's all right, Tim.
295
00:26:38,100 --> 00:26:39,100
No, my son.
296
00:26:40,460 --> 00:26:43,980
We will always be in each other's
hearts, your mother and I.
297
00:26:44,400 --> 00:26:46,520
And we both love you very much.
298
00:26:47,780 --> 00:26:50,880
Am I old enough to come with you to one
of your meetings, Dada?
299
00:26:51,300 --> 00:26:52,300
Someday, Tim.
300
00:26:52,940 --> 00:26:54,020
But at the moment...
301
00:26:54,650 --> 00:26:56,310
You need to go to school and study.
302
00:26:56,930 --> 00:26:58,950
Remember, you are the man of the house
now.
303
00:26:59,530 --> 00:27:01,710
I'm even wearing your old trousers,
Tata.
304
00:27:01,970 --> 00:27:03,550
I see, and you are wearing them well.
305
00:27:04,370 --> 00:27:06,050
You are a good man, my son.
306
00:27:07,570 --> 00:27:08,950
All right, Miss Kemp.
307
00:27:09,370 --> 00:27:12,710
Come, help me give hugs to Albertina
before we go. Let's go, let's go.
308
00:27:17,250 --> 00:27:19,450
This is the BBC World Service.
309
00:27:20,210 --> 00:27:21,770
In South Africa today...
310
00:27:26,640 --> 00:27:30,480
The main opposition parties, the Pan
-African Congress and the African
311
00:27:30,480 --> 00:27:33,300
Congress, have both been declared legal
organizations.
312
00:27:59,240 --> 00:28:01,220
I need to see your warrant. You don't
need one.
313
00:28:02,120 --> 00:28:03,120
Not anymore.
314
00:28:04,280 --> 00:28:05,440
Everything will be alright.
315
00:28:05,780 --> 00:28:07,080
Everything will be alright.
316
00:28:36,590 --> 00:28:37,590
Yes, sir.
317
00:28:39,090 --> 00:28:40,090
Thank you.
318
00:28:41,990 --> 00:28:43,790
I hope your accommodation suits you.
319
00:28:44,830 --> 00:28:46,150
My place is just a block away.
320
00:28:47,670 --> 00:28:50,010
I think this is going to take a bit of a
task.
321
00:28:51,370 --> 00:28:52,370
Let's get you settled.
322
00:28:53,190 --> 00:28:55,390
I have to call in a list of embassies
you want to visit.
323
00:28:59,930 --> 00:29:00,930
Hello,
324
00:29:01,690 --> 00:29:02,669
sir.
325
00:29:02,670 --> 00:29:03,670
Walter.
326
00:29:05,730 --> 00:29:06,730
Duma. Duma.
327
00:29:07,030 --> 00:29:08,030
It's quite a party.
328
00:29:08,230 --> 00:29:11,650
Everyone is here. Yes, what are the
charges now? Whatever new law they came
329
00:29:11,650 --> 00:29:12,650
with this morning.
330
00:29:13,350 --> 00:29:14,350
Nelson Mandel.
331
00:29:22,230 --> 00:29:23,230
Rootsabukwe.
332
00:29:29,690 --> 00:29:30,690
The P .A .C.
333
00:29:31,170 --> 00:29:32,310
thanks you for your support.
334
00:29:33,100 --> 00:29:35,140
And the ANC thanks you for yours.
335
00:29:42,260 --> 00:29:48,540
Ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of the
Witwatersrand Agricultural Society, I am
336
00:29:48,540 --> 00:29:53,620
delighted to welcome you all here today
to the official opening of our union
337
00:29:53,620 --> 00:29:58,380
exposition. And I'm especially delighted
that we have with us the Prime
338
00:29:58,380 --> 00:30:00,860
Minister, Mr. H .F. Verhoogt.
339
00:30:37,550 --> 00:30:38,489
Have you heard the news?
340
00:30:38,490 --> 00:30:39,329
What news?
341
00:30:39,330 --> 00:30:40,430
Somebody shot Verwoerdt.
342
00:30:40,650 --> 00:30:41,790
Two bullets in the head.
343
00:30:42,630 --> 00:30:43,630
Is he dead?
344
00:30:43,770 --> 00:30:46,470
No, both bullets with the brain,
unsurprisingly.
345
00:30:46,970 --> 00:30:50,750
Who shot him? Some white farmer who
doesn't like apartheid.
346
00:30:51,070 --> 00:30:53,470
Imagine that. I doubt that they will
declare him insane.
347
00:30:53,830 --> 00:30:55,110
Thank God he wasn't black.
348
00:30:58,510 --> 00:31:00,030
What is Verwoerdt's condition?
349
00:31:00,570 --> 00:31:02,390
Critical. So it's out.
350
00:31:02,890 --> 00:31:04,830
Habeas corpus has been suspended.
351
00:31:05,650 --> 00:31:07,030
We're living in a police state.
352
00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:11,100
You are now all members of a banned
organization.
353
00:31:14,480 --> 00:31:15,480
Anything.
354
00:31:15,740 --> 00:31:19,060
Anything that you say testifying in your
own trial that could be interpreted as
355
00:31:19,060 --> 00:31:22,620
furthering the cause of the ANC will
expose you to further potential
356
00:31:22,620 --> 00:31:23,620
imprisonment.
357
00:31:25,280 --> 00:31:29,020
My hands are tied. It is impossible for
us to construct a defense.
358
00:31:29,280 --> 00:31:30,920
The state has made access extremely
difficult.
359
00:31:31,180 --> 00:31:32,600
We could withdraw and protest.
360
00:31:33,220 --> 00:31:35,780
It's not much, but at least it's some
kind of stand.
361
00:31:36,970 --> 00:31:40,290
How many lawyers are there amongst us?
You, me, and Joe.
362
00:31:41,070 --> 00:31:44,590
Then we conduct our own defense until
they lift the state of emergency.
363
00:31:44,950 --> 00:31:48,190
And what if it doesn't get lifted? We
keep it going until it is.
364
00:31:48,830 --> 00:31:54,210
Yes? We could cross -examine every
witness in turn by every other
365
00:31:54,970 --> 00:31:55,970
Might work.
366
00:31:56,070 --> 00:31:57,830
We could go on with this for years.
367
00:31:58,150 --> 00:32:01,570
At some point, the state of emergency
would have to be lifted. Yeah. They want
368
00:32:01,570 --> 00:32:04,570
us to hang for these prison charges if
we want to stay alive.
369
00:32:05,290 --> 00:32:07,530
We must play against them using their
own rules.
370
00:32:10,170 --> 00:32:11,470
We will stay alive.
371
00:32:15,710 --> 00:32:18,210
So, what are you saying, Deputy Prime
Minister?
372
00:32:18,570 --> 00:32:23,450
In the past few weeks, we have put 19
,000 people in prison. When does it
373
00:32:23,770 --> 00:32:28,390
This separate development, this
apartheid model is not the right path
374
00:32:28,390 --> 00:32:29,390
country anymore.
375
00:32:31,820 --> 00:32:35,700
Our duty is to remain consistent with
the policies of this government in this
376
00:32:35,700 --> 00:32:36,639
time of crisis.
377
00:32:36,640 --> 00:32:40,880
The international community is turning
on us. You saw how critical the British
378
00:32:40,880 --> 00:32:44,780
PM was when he visited this year, and
now the Americans are speaking out. And
379
00:32:44,780 --> 00:32:48,260
with the Asian and African countries
joining in, we risk isolation.
380
00:32:49,340 --> 00:32:51,580
There's talk of economic pressure,
sanctions.
381
00:32:52,200 --> 00:32:55,260
Paul, you cannot build domestic policies
based on fear.
382
00:32:55,780 --> 00:32:58,480
It's all well and good listening to
these people from abroad.
383
00:32:59,200 --> 00:33:02,840
But they do not live here. This is not
fear. It's pragmatism.
384
00:33:03,080 --> 00:33:05,680
We have to see where this is all
heading.
385
00:33:06,880 --> 00:33:11,780
Now, as acting Prime Minister, I have a
duty to every living soul in this
386
00:33:11,780 --> 00:33:13,320
country, not just the whites.
387
00:33:29,740 --> 00:33:33,980
And I thought we were all blue skies and
big game safaris over there.
388
00:33:43,060 --> 00:33:46,020
The inhumanity in your government breeds
such hatred.
389
00:33:47,240 --> 00:33:49,860
Thank God the British Prime Minister is
condemned to partake.
390
00:33:50,620 --> 00:33:53,400
Yes, but we still have a lot more to do.
391
00:33:54,660 --> 00:33:58,120
Come. The gentleman who sold me this
paper...
392
00:33:58,830 --> 00:34:02,670
thinks we are a nation of blue skies and
happy black people, no doubt.
393
00:34:03,870 --> 00:34:07,310
Oliver, you have to understand, all the
images coming out of South Africa
394
00:34:07,310 --> 00:34:12,870
feature wonderful wild animals, sunsets,
Tarzan's loyal natives.
395
00:34:13,989 --> 00:34:17,130
It is hard to believe the propaganda has
been so effective.
396
00:34:17,810 --> 00:34:22,070
The government's campaign has been quite
successful, selling racial separation
397
00:34:22,070 --> 00:34:24,830
through arts, politics, even sports.
398
00:34:25,469 --> 00:34:27,870
And they promote that message
internationally as well.
399
00:34:29,800 --> 00:34:32,100
Do you have that list of embassies I
asked for?
400
00:34:33,800 --> 00:34:37,300
I think I should talk to trade unions
and members of parliament as well.
401
00:34:58,600 --> 00:34:59,940
It's wonderful to see you alive.
402
00:35:00,220 --> 00:35:01,980
As some say, it's a sign from above.
403
00:35:02,400 --> 00:35:03,400
Have a seat.
404
00:35:16,000 --> 00:35:22,940
I understand you recently made some
remarks to the fact that we might need
405
00:35:22,940 --> 00:35:26,760
reconsider our policy about separate
development.
406
00:35:27,880 --> 00:35:30,940
and that apart they may not be the path
we should take.
407
00:35:31,640 --> 00:35:38,420
I must tell you, at this time, it's more
necessary than
408
00:35:38,420 --> 00:35:40,320
ever to keep the races apart.
409
00:35:41,580 --> 00:35:42,760
Do you understand me?
410
00:35:43,200 --> 00:35:44,880
Of course. Forgive me, Prime Minister.
411
00:35:47,100 --> 00:35:49,040
Listen, sir, and what's the situation?
412
00:35:49,560 --> 00:35:51,960
The accused have begun to defend
themselves.
413
00:35:52,180 --> 00:35:55,540
They all question each other endlessly
about everything.
414
00:35:55,920 --> 00:35:57,240
It's a delaying tactic.
415
00:35:58,440 --> 00:36:00,900
Will we get a verdict before the end of
the year?
416
00:36:01,480 --> 00:36:05,020
At this rate, Prime Minister, we won't
get a verdict before the end of the
417
00:36:05,020 --> 00:36:06,780
century. Let them delay.
418
00:36:09,520 --> 00:36:11,360
Let them put the court to sleep.
419
00:36:12,960 --> 00:36:16,160
We have a referendum to win an election
in October.
420
00:36:17,320 --> 00:36:21,420
And by then, everything must be back to
normal. People won't vote for a republic
421
00:36:21,420 --> 00:36:22,299
at Warwick.
422
00:36:22,300 --> 00:36:24,440
We must be in control.
423
00:36:30,890 --> 00:36:31,749
Good news.
424
00:36:31,750 --> 00:36:33,270
State of emergency has been lifted.
425
00:36:33,650 --> 00:36:35,150
Peace and harmony.
426
00:36:37,350 --> 00:36:39,610
Just in time for the National Party's
vote.
427
00:36:40,150 --> 00:36:43,170
And the governor's agreed to let you out
of here on weekends to close up the
428
00:36:43,170 --> 00:36:44,170
affairs of the law office.
429
00:36:44,570 --> 00:36:49,990
This whole thing is beginning to feel
like Alice in Wonderland written by
430
00:36:49,990 --> 00:36:50,990
Kafka.
431
00:36:51,510 --> 00:36:53,070
Do I get to sleep at home, too?
432
00:36:53,490 --> 00:36:56,470
No. You have to spend the night in
prison in Joburg.
433
00:36:57,390 --> 00:36:58,390
But, uh...
434
00:36:59,560 --> 00:37:02,100
Don't forget to look into the window of
the shop next to your office.
435
00:37:32,400 --> 00:37:33,820
You know that lady, Mr. Mandela?
436
00:37:36,980 --> 00:37:39,180
Yes, that is my wife and daughter.
437
00:37:44,360 --> 00:37:48,360
Um, better go to your office to open the
door.
438
00:37:50,140 --> 00:37:51,720
Check if it's safe for you to go inside.
439
00:37:56,440 --> 00:37:57,920
That is if you'll trust me with your
key.
440
00:38:13,230 --> 00:38:14,230
How did you know?
441
00:38:15,930 --> 00:38:17,430
Oh, good word that you'll be here.
442
00:38:18,750 --> 00:38:20,690
I thought it was worth taking a chance.
443
00:38:21,610 --> 00:38:23,370
Just to wait and see if I could see you.
444
00:38:26,230 --> 00:38:28,210
There is someone else waiting for you
too.
445
00:38:32,230 --> 00:38:33,230
No.
446
00:38:36,790 --> 00:38:37,790
Darling.
447
00:38:39,830 --> 00:38:41,550
I am due at the end of the year.
448
00:38:42,030 --> 00:38:43,030
That is wonderful.
449
00:38:46,830 --> 00:38:50,630
What? I wonder if we'll ever be able to
hold our new baby.
450
00:38:51,270 --> 00:38:52,870
The verdict may be in soon.
451
00:38:53,090 --> 00:38:54,410
They have yet to prove their case.
452
00:38:55,250 --> 00:38:58,250
You see, it's still possible to believe
in the rule of law. You don't have to be
453
00:38:58,250 --> 00:38:59,250
positive.
454
00:39:03,770 --> 00:39:05,370
Nelson, you should run.
455
00:39:05,890 --> 00:39:06,890
Now.
456
00:39:07,150 --> 00:39:08,870
The ANC will look after you.
457
00:39:09,550 --> 00:39:11,650
We can move abroad like Olive and
Adelaide.
458
00:39:12,470 --> 00:39:16,090
I will not try to run, my love. I will
not try to escape.
459
00:39:17,350 --> 00:39:19,250
I gave that sergeant my word.
460
00:39:19,990 --> 00:39:21,110
He trusts me.
461
00:39:25,750 --> 00:39:28,470
This is why I love you.
462
00:39:40,170 --> 00:39:45,030
as large crowds gather to welcome
dignitaries for a celebration of South
463
00:39:45,030 --> 00:39:47,910
Africa's independence from the United
Kingdom.
464
00:39:50,390 --> 00:39:53,670
Congratulations, gentlemen, to our new
republic.
465
00:39:54,830 --> 00:40:00,390
Free of interference from the British
Commonwealth, the Queen and Macmillan's
466
00:40:00,390 --> 00:40:01,570
winds of change.
467
00:40:02,250 --> 00:40:07,190
God bless our Republic of South Africa.
468
00:40:08,010 --> 00:40:09,430
Republic of South Africa!
469
00:40:15,110 --> 00:40:19,250
The final hours before the verdict were
the longest.
470
00:40:20,710 --> 00:40:26,230
After all this time, after all our
struggle,
471
00:40:26,410 --> 00:40:31,650
my heart was full of fear and doubt.
472
00:40:33,130 --> 00:40:35,030
What will become of me?
473
00:40:37,230 --> 00:40:38,230
My family.
474
00:40:40,170 --> 00:40:41,230
My country.
475
00:40:47,610 --> 00:40:54,470
You know, all those years
476
00:40:54,470 --> 00:41:01,210
ago, when we first met, I said to
myself, this young man is a
477
00:41:01,210 --> 00:41:02,210
godsend.
478
00:41:02,890 --> 00:41:05,150
Whatever happens in this trial now,
479
00:41:06,160 --> 00:41:10,040
I know that one day you will be our
leader.
480
00:41:10,660 --> 00:41:11,920
Thank you, Walter.
481
00:41:15,400 --> 00:41:17,660
Silence in the court. All rise.
482
00:41:31,880 --> 00:41:34,980
The verdict in this trial for treason...
483
00:41:35,950 --> 00:41:36,950
It is as follows.
484
00:41:38,410 --> 00:41:44,470
We, the judges, accept that the African
National Congress has been working to
485
00:41:44,470 --> 00:41:49,510
replace the government of South Africa
with a radically different form of
486
00:41:50,530 --> 00:41:54,770
We also accept that the ANC used illegal
means of protest.
487
00:41:56,870 --> 00:42:03,830
Finally, we accept that the movement has
a strong left -wing tendency, which is
488
00:42:03,830 --> 00:42:04,930
both anti -West
489
00:42:06,060 --> 00:42:07,200
and pro -Soviet.
490
00:42:08,660 --> 00:42:14,260
On the evidence presented to the court,
however, it is impossible for us to
491
00:42:14,260 --> 00:42:19,540
accept that the ANC is in itself a
communist organization.
492
00:42:20,940 --> 00:42:27,940
But the crux of this trial is and has
always been this question.
493
00:42:29,290 --> 00:42:33,870
Have these members of the ANC before the
court been attempting to overthrow the
494
00:42:33,870 --> 00:42:36,330
state of South Africa by violent means?
495
00:42:37,090 --> 00:42:44,090
The judges find unanimously that the
prosecution has failed to make
496
00:42:44,090 --> 00:42:45,090
this case.
497
00:42:45,650 --> 00:42:52,010
We therefore find all the accused not
guilty.
498
00:43:47,280 --> 00:43:49,940
They could re -arrest you at any moment.
We need to move.
499
00:43:50,560 --> 00:43:51,560
I have to go.
500
00:43:51,980 --> 00:43:54,060
We will see each other again soon.
501
00:44:11,200 --> 00:44:12,900
Were they taking you, Mrs. Mandela?
502
00:44:16,170 --> 00:44:17,170
I wish I knew.
503
00:44:17,650 --> 00:44:19,010
Don't you worry, Mrs. Mendele.
504
00:44:19,670 --> 00:44:20,750
We'll find him for you.
37640
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