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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:25,200 --> 00:00:27,460 Previously, on World War II in HD. 2 00:00:29,290 --> 00:00:32,280 I motioned to everyone, ordering them to lay down a covering fire. 3 00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:36,240 In the pacific, first sergeant Jack Werner takes charge 4 00:00:36,240 --> 00:00:40,520 after his commanding officer is killed during the invasion of Leyte. 5 00:00:41,040 --> 00:00:44,830 I was only in command for an hour, but I feel I did reasonably well. 6 00:00:45,510 --> 00:00:47,120 At least I didn't get anybody killed. 7 00:00:48,340 --> 00:00:52,820 While in Europe. This is beyond what any man should be forced to endure. 8 00:00:54,470 --> 00:00:59,150 GI Rockie Blunt battles the elements during "the battle of the bulge". 9 00:00:59,430 --> 00:01:01,580 I tried to get out of the hole, 10 00:01:01,580 --> 00:01:05,940 and my legs were frozen into a block of ice almost to the knees. 11 00:01:06,610 --> 00:01:12,000 And army nurse June Wandrey loses hope that the end of the war is near. 12 00:01:13,380 --> 00:01:17,090 One thing is sure, I'm not going home for Christmas this year. 13 00:01:17,930 --> 00:01:20,990 What do you do when you run out of tears? 14 00:01:26,370 --> 00:01:32,850 Grant us a common faith that man shall know bread and peace, 15 00:01:35,650 --> 00:01:40,380 that he shall know justice and righteousness, freedom and security, 16 00:01:42,350 --> 00:01:47,260 an equal opportunity and an equal chance to do his best 17 00:01:47,480 --> 00:01:50,940 not only in our own lands but throughout the world. 18 00:02:44,820 --> 00:02:48,610 The national broadcasting company humbly asks admission to your homes 19 00:02:48,850 --> 00:02:51,010 in this, our hour of national sorrow. 20 00:02:54,490 --> 00:02:58,170 Crowds are lining constitution avenue from here to the White House. 21 00:03:02,420 --> 00:03:05,260 Many an American is standing with us today. 22 00:03:08,790 --> 00:03:13,010 All the soldiers and servicemen in the crowd stand firmly at attention. 23 00:03:14,310 --> 00:03:19,710 And now, the caisson will start its solemn sorrowful procession, through Washington. 24 00:03:34,250 --> 00:03:41,370 On April 14, 1945, America bids farewell to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 25 00:03:42,070 --> 00:03:45,310 the man who has led the country for the past 13 years. 26 00:03:55,460 --> 00:03:59,560 At a time like this, words are inadequate. 27 00:04:01,360 --> 00:04:06,500 The world knows it has lost a heroic champion of justice and freedom. 28 00:04:08,970 --> 00:04:14,900 In his infinite wisdom, Almighty God has seen fit to take from us a great man 29 00:04:16,190 --> 00:04:20,520 who loved and was beloved by all, humanity. 30 00:04:22,470 --> 00:04:28,050 For the past four years, President Roosevelt steadfastly guided America through the war. 31 00:04:29,250 --> 00:04:36,310 During his presidency, the Allies have succeeded in containing the infectious spread of Hitler's armies 32 00:04:36,540 --> 00:04:38,860 and are now, closing in on Berlin. 33 00:04:40,740 --> 00:04:45,850 In the pacific, American forces have pushed the Japanese out of the central pacific 34 00:04:46,180 --> 00:04:48,880 and are now within striking distance of Tokyo. 35 00:04:50,060 --> 00:04:55,900 But there is still fierce fighting ahead, and now it is up to the inexperienced Harry S. Truman 36 00:04:56,210 --> 00:05:01,690 Roosevelt's Vice President for only 82 days, to lead the country to final victory. 37 00:05:03,720 --> 00:05:07,350 Tragic fate has thrust upon us grave responsibility. 38 00:05:08,530 --> 00:05:10,590 We must carry on. 39 00:05:14,860 --> 00:05:17,520 Our departed leader never looked backward. 40 00:05:18,300 --> 00:05:21,210 He looked forward and moved forward. 41 00:05:22,050 --> 00:05:24,790 That is what he would want us to do. 42 00:05:26,570 --> 00:05:28,590 That is what America will do. 43 00:05:44,470 --> 00:05:46,210 There is a lot of fighting. 44 00:05:46,770 --> 00:05:49,000 Mainly thundering mortars. 45 00:05:49,180 --> 00:05:50,580 And it makes me feel on the edge. 46 00:06:00,940 --> 00:06:06,750 First sergeant Jack Werner is on Okinawa with army's 13th combat engineering battalion. 47 00:06:07,920 --> 00:06:11,760 After landing with the 2nd wave of assault force on April 1st, 48 00:06:12,490 --> 00:06:16,780 Werner and his platoon help secure one of the island's main airfields. 49 00:06:17,310 --> 00:06:21,700 Now the soldiers of the 10th army, along with two marine divisions, 50 00:06:21,910 --> 00:06:25,350 are pushing south, where the fighting has turned ferocious. 51 00:06:26,560 --> 00:06:32,290 For the past five weeks, US forces have struggled to advance toward the Sheri Line, 52 00:06:32,530 --> 00:06:35,990 the primary Japanese defensive line of resistance. 53 00:06:36,050 --> 00:06:40,560 Along its rocky highlands, thousands of well-armed Japanese troops, 54 00:06:41,080 --> 00:06:49,230 concealed in caves and bunkers, are unleashing artillery concentrations unlike anything yet experienced in the pacific war. 55 00:06:57,490 --> 00:07:02,200 We receive a communiqu? that a Jap counterattack is beginning at any moment. 56 00:07:04,100 --> 00:07:05,110 They're close. 57 00:07:05,490 --> 00:07:06,440 We can feel it. 58 00:07:25,420 --> 00:07:27,910 Artillery and mortars are exploding around us. 59 00:07:34,460 --> 00:07:37,150 One of my men goes down and then another. 60 00:07:37,500 --> 00:07:39,170 The situation is desperate. 61 00:07:56,670 --> 00:08:03,210 Werner and a dozen men in his platoon are wounded, all riddled with mortar fragments. 62 00:08:08,330 --> 00:08:15,110 I am dazed but I am conscious enough to realize the damage that has been done to my men and to me. 63 00:08:19,580 --> 00:08:22,370 Everyone is wounded, and two of my men are gone. 64 00:08:48,260 --> 00:08:50,850 The next thing I know, I am on a jeep. 65 00:08:50,850 --> 00:08:58,560 on a litter, and was taken back to a medic, to a medical tent. 66 00:09:02,200 --> 00:09:04,630 And that was a horrible sight, I must say. 67 00:09:05,430 --> 00:09:09,170 It was so full of wounded men, and blood all over. 68 00:09:09,800 --> 00:09:10,850 It was just awful. 69 00:09:11,640 --> 00:09:14,930 And I think when I got on the operating table 70 00:09:15,130 --> 00:09:18,880 I, that was the end of it. I didn't notice anything anymore. 71 00:09:19,260 --> 00:09:20,090 I was out. 72 00:09:31,710 --> 00:09:37,540 No one wants to be the last guy killed in a war, especially so close to the end. 73 00:09:49,250 --> 00:09:52,610 GI Rockie Blunt is with the 84th infantry division. 74 00:09:54,020 --> 00:09:56,140 After crossing the Rhine more than a month ago, 75 00:09:56,900 --> 00:10:01,140 Allied forces have begun the drive eastward across Nazi Germany. 76 00:10:01,900 --> 00:10:07,460 Their destination is the Elbe river, the last natural barrier before Berlin. 77 00:10:09,120 --> 00:10:15,690 Only days earlier, the Soviet Army encircled Berlin and began launching devastating attacks on the capital. 78 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:19,180 Hitler's days are numbered. 79 00:10:27,990 --> 00:10:30,850 We used to advance as little as 10 miles in a day, 80 00:10:32,130 --> 00:10:34,930 but now, some days we're covering 60 miles. 81 00:10:35,800 --> 00:10:38,380 The mighty German war machine is crumbling. 82 00:10:52,800 --> 00:10:56,150 Our convoy stops abruptly outside a small town. 83 00:10:57,490 --> 00:11:00,970 We can't hear a firefight in the distance, and there's no traffic up ahead. 84 00:11:02,280 --> 00:11:05,390 Why are we stopping here in the middle of nowhere? 85 00:11:06,880 --> 00:11:13,020 Looking across a field, I realize I've seen places like this before in photographs. 86 00:11:14,520 --> 00:11:20,750 Only now, the faces behind the barbed wire fence are real. 87 00:11:24,650 --> 00:11:26,980 Now I know that the rumors we've been hearing are true. 88 00:11:29,330 --> 00:11:32,400 Now, I know why we are here. 89 00:11:44,220 --> 00:11:47,060 The nauseating smell of human carnage. 90 00:11:50,310 --> 00:11:55,270 If this isn't hell on earth, I don't know what else would be. 91 00:12:02,400 --> 00:12:09,180 GI Rockie Blunt has just entered a sub-camp of the Buchenwald concentration camp complex. 92 00:12:09,800 --> 00:12:14,000 Since ascending to power in 1933, Adolf Hitler 93 00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:19,240 has been systematically rounding up and exterminating Jews and minority groups 94 00:12:19,240 --> 00:12:24,190 he deems undesirable, such as homosexuals and the disabled. 95 00:12:25,190 --> 00:12:29,240 It was part of his master plan to create a true Aryan race. 96 00:12:30,180 --> 00:12:32,920 He called it "the final solution". 97 00:12:43,130 --> 00:12:46,140 It's difficult to differentiate between the living and the dead. 98 00:12:51,040 --> 00:12:54,870 Only the haunting eyes can tell me if a skeleton is alive. 99 00:13:05,360 --> 00:13:09,550 Concentration camps are in a category all by themselves. 100 00:13:10,910 --> 00:13:15,960 As far as atrocities, they were of such magnitude that it is beyond comprehension. 101 00:13:15,960 --> 00:13:19,320 It's more than the human mind can even conceive of. 102 00:13:20,760 --> 00:13:26,350 When you first come across it, you look, but you don't see. 103 00:13:26,950 --> 00:13:28,850 You listen, but you don't hear. 104 00:13:30,840 --> 00:13:35,120 You smell, but you don't know what you're smelling. 105 00:13:37,210 --> 00:13:38,340 We talked to them. 106 00:13:39,210 --> 00:13:44,840 In my very limited German, I say to them: "We're Americans. We will save you." 107 00:13:45,670 --> 00:13:47,210 But they don't say anything. 108 00:13:47,820 --> 00:13:50,780 They don't yell. They don't cheer. 109 00:13:51,310 --> 00:13:54,290 They just stand there silently. 110 00:13:55,280 --> 00:13:56,820 They're beyond making a noise. 111 00:13:58,260 --> 00:14:00,110 They're beyond having a voice. 112 00:14:05,220 --> 00:14:06,750 I meet a prisoner. 113 00:14:08,100 --> 00:14:09,760 I can hardly hear him when he talks. 114 00:14:11,040 --> 00:14:14,830 He tells me the German doctors at the camp conducted experiments on his throat 115 00:14:15,110 --> 00:14:17,100 and he no longer has a voice box. 116 00:14:18,540 --> 00:14:20,670 I ask him what nationality he is. 117 00:14:21,690 --> 00:14:24,470 " (German) " he says. 118 00:14:25,720 --> 00:14:27,520 "I am a German Jew." 119 00:14:30,670 --> 00:14:34,350 He takes me to Das Crematorium and insists I go inside. 120 00:14:37,080 --> 00:14:40,270 Skulls, bones, and ashes are everywhere. 121 00:14:41,690 --> 00:14:45,510 Fingernails which had been gouged out are still stuck in the walls. 122 00:14:49,150 --> 00:14:53,320 He tells me: " (German) " "Don't forget." 123 00:14:55,470 --> 00:14:58,840 I couldn't even if I wanted to. 124 00:15:48,970 --> 00:15:53,800 These tortured souls hardly resemble humans. 125 00:15:55,900 --> 00:15:58,680 It's so very, very sad. 126 00:16:08,430 --> 00:16:12,070 Assigned to Lieutenant General George Patton's third army, 127 00:16:12,670 --> 00:16:16,780 22-year-old Wisconsin native June Wandrey is at Allach, 128 00:16:16,780 --> 00:16:19,250 the largest sub-camp of Dachau. 129 00:16:20,360 --> 00:16:22,450 The camp was liberated weeks ago. 130 00:16:23,520 --> 00:16:27,370 But with more than 32,000 survivors in need of medical care, 131 00:16:27,860 --> 00:16:31,930 nurses like June are bused to Dachau from a nearby army camp. 132 00:16:38,470 --> 00:16:44,110 I'm on duty, caring for a hundred corpse-like patients, wrecks of humanity. 133 00:16:45,980 --> 00:16:48,390 Their bodies are riddled with disease: 134 00:16:49,770 --> 00:16:55,870 macerated skin drawn over their bones, eyes sunken in wide sockets, hair shaved off. 135 00:17:01,480 --> 00:17:07,800 Poles, Czechs, Russians, Slavs, Dutch, Hungarians, Germans. 136 00:17:08,430 --> 00:17:10,570 I understand so few words. 137 00:17:13,590 --> 00:17:18,820 But when I do something to make them more comfortable or give them a little food or a smile, 138 00:17:19,400 --> 00:17:21,910 their gratitude tears at my heart. 139 00:17:26,960 --> 00:17:30,220 When I hand out tiny pieces of chocolate, 140 00:17:30,220 --> 00:17:33,720 the poor souls are so excited and pleased. 141 00:17:33,770 --> 00:17:36,050 They just grab my hand and hold it. 142 00:17:36,980 --> 00:17:40,950 They wrap it in toilet paper and hide it under their sheets or mattresses. 143 00:17:41,810 --> 00:17:45,460 The poor souls still can't believe that they will get more later. 144 00:17:49,940 --> 00:17:54,020 You have to gently shake some of the patients to see if they're still alive. 145 00:17:54,760 --> 00:17:56,420 Their breathing is so shallow. 146 00:17:59,520 --> 00:18:02,890 Each time, I breathe a wee prayer for them. 147 00:18:03,180 --> 00:18:05,940 "God, are you there? 148 00:18:08,550 --> 00:18:11,280 God, where are you?" 149 00:19:20,100 --> 00:19:22,550 The destruction is part of our new life. 150 00:19:23,500 --> 00:19:27,670 As we head east, passing through towns leveled by our bombing campaigns, 151 00:19:28,190 --> 00:19:31,080 it looks as if all of Europe has been decimated. 152 00:19:37,350 --> 00:19:43,160 GI Rockie Blunt and the 84th infantry division are pressing east at a fast pace. 153 00:19:44,040 --> 00:19:48,580 American forces are closing in on the town of Torgau at the Elbe river, 154 00:19:48,830 --> 00:19:56,080 where they are to meet up with the Soviet Army, putting them one step closer to choking the Germans into submission. 155 00:19:57,100 --> 00:20:01,450 The National Broadcasting Company interrupts this program to bring you a special broadcast. 156 00:20:01,720 --> 00:20:05,670 President Truman has just announced that the Anglo-American 157 00:20:05,670 --> 00:20:08,290 and Russian Armies have met in the heart of Nazi Germany. 158 00:20:09,230 --> 00:20:10,810 East and west have met. 159 00:20:11,630 --> 00:20:14,740 This is the news for which the whole Allied world has been waiting. 160 00:20:15,410 --> 00:20:20,280 Nazi Germany, tottering to her final collapse, has been split clean in half. 161 00:20:20,490 --> 00:20:23,390 The forces of liberation have joined hands. 162 00:20:35,790 --> 00:20:39,190 The meeting of East and West is a triumph. 163 00:20:39,700 --> 00:20:43,070 But for some American soldiers, like Rockie Blunt, 164 00:20:43,070 --> 00:20:45,700 the joy of the moment is short-lived. 165 00:20:46,380 --> 00:20:50,660 General Dwight Eisenhower decides to halt his troops at the Elbe river 166 00:20:51,240 --> 00:20:54,290 and focus on pummeling the Germans to the southwest. 167 00:20:56,330 --> 00:20:59,780 This means that Berlin, Germany's capital city, 168 00:20:59,780 --> 00:21:03,710 will be left for the Russians to take. 169 00:21:06,890 --> 00:21:09,690 Everyone I talk to is in shock and disbelief. 170 00:21:11,200 --> 00:21:14,600 Berlin has been our main goal for these past few months, 171 00:21:14,600 --> 00:21:16,670 and now we won't be going there. 172 00:21:18,370 --> 00:21:21,320 So many of our men had died on the way there. 173 00:21:21,710 --> 00:21:24,700 It seems strange I won't be setting foot in the German capital. 174 00:21:30,950 --> 00:21:35,110 As the Soviet army advances through the streets of Berlin, 175 00:21:35,620 --> 00:21:40,230 Reich's chancellor Adolf Hitler marries his long-time mistress, Eva Braun. 176 00:21:42,320 --> 00:21:45,820 He waits until the Soviets are only blocks away 177 00:21:46,460 --> 00:21:49,030 and then shoots himself in the head. 178 00:21:51,010 --> 00:21:52,500 This is London calling. 179 00:21:52,760 --> 00:21:54,500 Here is a news flash. 180 00:21:54,770 --> 00:21:59,220 The German radio has just announced that Hitler is dead. 181 00:22:00,610 --> 00:22:02,060 Here's a special news bulletin. 182 00:22:02,330 --> 00:22:05,090 The British Broadcasting Company has just reported 183 00:22:05,090 --> 00:22:10,170 that Adolf Hitler died at the Reich chancellery in the heart of burning Berlin. 184 00:22:12,490 --> 00:22:17,040 With Hitler gone and the capital of the Third Reich now a smoldering ruin, 185 00:22:18,270 --> 00:22:22,860 the men and women of the Allied, including GI Rockie Blunt, 186 00:22:22,860 --> 00:22:26,290 know that the end of the war is upon them. 187 00:22:32,430 --> 00:22:33,810 I guess I'll be heading home soon. 188 00:22:34,920 --> 00:22:39,090 After everything I've been through, that will be a major accomplishment by any account. 189 00:22:41,770 --> 00:22:46,590 But there's still so many unanswered questions, so much I'm uncertain of. 190 00:22:48,710 --> 00:22:50,420 One thing I am certain of, 191 00:22:51,620 --> 00:22:56,250 I have to put the horrors of the past behind me 192 00:22:56,250 --> 00:23:01,090 and build a new life, a life of peace, not war. 193 00:23:42,130 --> 00:23:43,820 This is the BBC home service. 194 00:23:44,550 --> 00:23:47,640 We're interrupting programs to make the following announcement: 195 00:23:47,890 --> 00:23:52,150 It is understood that in accordance with arrangements between the three great powers, 196 00:23:52,490 --> 00:23:58,070 an official announcement will be broadcast by the Prime Minister at 3:00 tomorrow. 197 00:23:58,420 --> 00:24:02,760 In view of this fact, tomorrow, Tuesday, will be treated as "Victory in Europe" day. 198 00:24:05,230 --> 00:24:10,650 After nearly six long years, the war in Europe is finally over. 199 00:24:11,430 --> 00:24:16,120 May 8, 1945, is declared "Victory in Europe" day. 200 00:24:17,030 --> 00:24:20,710 Spontaneous celebrations erupt throughout the world. 201 00:24:27,240 --> 00:24:30,280 French soldiers pick me up, hoist me on their shoulders, 202 00:24:30,280 --> 00:24:35,920 and carry me down the Champs-Elysees, shouting: "Vive La France! Vive La America!" 203 00:24:37,340 --> 00:24:40,870 After four years of service in five countries, 204 00:24:40,870 --> 00:24:45,700 US army nurse June Wandrey is on furlough in Paris on VE day. 205 00:24:47,710 --> 00:24:49,440 We are in the heart of Paris. 206 00:24:49,830 --> 00:24:51,770 The crowd is nearly hysterical. 207 00:24:55,060 --> 00:24:57,050 Everyone is out on the streets, 208 00:24:58,260 --> 00:25:01,320 planes zooming overhead in huge formations. 209 00:25:05,490 --> 00:25:08,620 All the important brass are there: de Gaulle... 210 00:25:10,030 --> 00:25:11,450 And here I am. 211 00:25:19,620 --> 00:25:21,840 A very great crowd has collected already, 212 00:25:21,840 --> 00:25:26,420 thousands upon thousands of people gathered to share this historic day with the King and Queen. 213 00:25:26,590 --> 00:25:27,990 Listen to the crowd. 214 00:25:36,900 --> 00:25:39,690 The last communiqu?of World War II is in. 215 00:25:40,130 --> 00:25:43,880 The Russian people were told for the first time of Germany's unconditional surrender. 216 00:25:45,070 --> 00:25:53,010 Our rejoicing is sober and subdued by a supreme consciousness of the terrible price we have paid 217 00:25:53,190 --> 00:25:57,320 to rid the world of Hitler and his evil band. 218 00:25:58,240 --> 00:26:03,840 Let us not forget, my fellow Americans, our victory is but half-won. 219 00:26:04,430 --> 00:26:12,200 The West is free, but the East is still in bondage to the treacherous tyranny of the Japanese. 220 00:26:15,050 --> 00:26:24,580 When the last Japanese division has surrendered unconditionally, then only will our fighting job be done. 221 00:26:42,460 --> 00:26:45,680 I'm lying here, watching the show, so to speak, 222 00:26:46,560 --> 00:26:51,760 the kamikazes attacking our carriers and our carriers, our destroyers, and our ships. 223 00:26:53,060 --> 00:26:54,900 It's a very frightening situation. 224 00:27:04,700 --> 00:27:09,770 As Japanese Kamikazes continue to strike the American forces off Okinawa, 225 00:27:10,350 --> 00:27:13,700 Jack Werner is evacuated to a hospital ship. 226 00:27:14,950 --> 00:27:20,650 While fighting near the Sheri line, he was hit in the back and jaw by mortar fragments. 227 00:27:21,330 --> 00:27:28,070 It is may 8th, but the young Austrian Jewish immigrant has yet to hear the news of Germany's surrender. 228 00:27:28,870 --> 00:27:30,200 I'm incapacitated. 229 00:27:30,500 --> 00:27:31,480 I can't move. 230 00:27:32,070 --> 00:27:33,640 I can't get up from the litter. 231 00:27:34,210 --> 00:27:35,310 I can't do anything. 232 00:27:35,940 --> 00:27:39,180 If the Jap planes attack me, it will be over. 233 00:27:49,560 --> 00:27:54,980 Eventually the sailors arrive and they carry me toward the landing craft. 234 00:27:55,380 --> 00:27:59,460 And from the landing craft to the hospital ship hope. 235 00:28:00,750 --> 00:28:07,240 When we arrived at the boat, there was nothing but white-clad soldiers and white-clad nurses 236 00:28:07,700 --> 00:28:12,720 and white-clad doctors and white, beautiful white linen 237 00:28:12,920 --> 00:28:19,790 bunks into which they dumped me after tearing off my dirty bloodstained clothes. 238 00:28:20,310 --> 00:28:23,180 And this was the last I'd seen of Okinawa, 239 00:28:23,470 --> 00:28:29,450 because soon thereafter, I felt that we were moving, and we were leaving. 240 00:28:36,690 --> 00:28:39,600 While Werner is evacuated back to the States, 241 00:28:39,820 --> 00:28:43,310 the battle on Okinawa continues for more than a month. 242 00:28:43,720 --> 00:28:47,750 By the end of May, American forces capture Sheri Castle. 243 00:28:58,920 --> 00:29:05,030 Weeks later, they overcome the Japanese in a vicious week-long battle on Kunishi Ridge. 244 00:29:05,480 --> 00:29:08,720 Days later, Okinawa is declared secure. 245 00:29:20,170 --> 00:29:25,910 With over 12,000 US soldiers, sailors, and Marines killed or missing in action 246 00:29:26,070 --> 00:29:33,020 and another 36,000 wounded, Okinawa is the bloodiest campaign of the pacific war. 247 00:29:34,310 --> 00:29:40,190 And yet, the US military still has plans to invade the Japanese home islands. 248 00:29:42,430 --> 00:29:48,990 There can be no peace in the world until the military power of Japan is destroyed, 249 00:29:49,940 --> 00:29:53,950 with the same completeness as was the power of European dictators, 250 00:29:56,410 --> 00:30:02,800 Code-named "operation downfall", the first phase of the invasion of Japan is planned for November. 251 00:30:03,990 --> 00:30:09,810 Estimates are that downfall will take over one year and involve 5 million Allied troops 252 00:30:10,520 --> 00:30:13,710 with some casualty estimates as high as 1 million. 253 00:30:14,750 --> 00:30:17,990 After the staggering losses suffered on Okinawa, 254 00:30:18,280 --> 00:30:23,520 the White House fears that a war-weary American public may not be able to stomach the numbers. 255 00:30:29,690 --> 00:30:34,020 On July 26th, in the middle of a two-week conference in Germany, 256 00:30:34,250 --> 00:30:37,670 The Allies issue an ultimatum to the Japanese. 257 00:30:38,350 --> 00:30:44,350 Titled "the Potsdam Declaration", it calls for Japan's unconditional surrender. 258 00:30:46,360 --> 00:30:49,750 But the Japanese reject the declaration. 259 00:31:59,270 --> 00:32:03,820 The world will note that the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. 260 00:32:09,680 --> 00:32:12,360 We have used it in order to shorten the agony of war, 261 00:32:13,210 --> 00:32:17,190 in order to save the lives of thousands 262 00:32:17,190 --> 00:32:22,520 and thousands of young Americans. 263 00:32:22,810 --> 00:32:29,550 We shall continue to use it until we completely destroy Japan's power to make war. 264 00:32:42,820 --> 00:32:47,850 With Hiroshima in ruins, Truman warns the Japanese to surrender. 265 00:32:49,150 --> 00:32:50,870 He receives no response. 266 00:32:58,780 --> 00:33:03,690 Three days later, a second atomic bomb is dropped on Nagasaki. 267 00:33:05,730 --> 00:33:10,250 This footage of the blast was shot at 31,000 feet. 268 00:33:11,710 --> 00:33:18,580 The cities destroyed, but the Japanese are still unwilling to yield to the Allies. 269 00:33:23,820 --> 00:33:26,260 A third atomic strike is considered. 270 00:33:53,810 --> 00:33:57,510 The fate of the pacific war remains unresolved. 271 00:33:59,010 --> 00:34:01,110 From the mutual newsroom in New York, 272 00:34:01,600 --> 00:34:08,160 Tokyo radio says: "Acceptance of Potsdam Proclamation coming soon." One moment please. 273 00:34:08,950 --> 00:34:12,150 This is not official. This is from the Tokyo radio. 274 00:34:18,860 --> 00:34:26,640 Six days after America drops the second atomic bomb on Japan and one day after a bombing raid on Tokyo, 275 00:34:26,950 --> 00:34:32,240 The Japanese government notifies the Allies that it accepts the Potsdam Declaration 276 00:34:32,430 --> 00:34:38,400 on one condition: That the Imperial Emperor Hirohito retain sovereign status. 277 00:34:39,390 --> 00:34:40,700 Truman consents. 278 00:34:41,630 --> 00:34:43,950 President Harry Truman has announced the end of the war. 279 00:34:43,950 --> 00:34:46,460 The victory has been won. It's official from the White House. 280 00:34:46,460 --> 00:34:49,200 Japan surrenders. Japan surrenders. 281 00:34:49,200 --> 00:34:50,390 They will lay down their arms. 282 00:34:50,820 --> 00:34:54,020 There it is, the news you've been waiting for. It's over, all over. 283 00:34:54,330 --> 00:34:56,740 This is it! This is it, friends. 284 00:34:57,390 --> 00:35:02,990 The job has been done in the Western world and on the land and seas of the Orient, 285 00:35:02,990 --> 00:35:04,770 and let's not forget it. 286 00:35:06,110 --> 00:35:10,650 This is the NBC mobile unit in the heart and center and the pulsing focus of a giant nation, 287 00:35:10,840 --> 00:35:12,910 on Times Square in New York City. 288 00:35:13,290 --> 00:35:18,220 I look uptown over a foaming, seething, writhing mass of faces 289 00:35:18,220 --> 00:35:24,390 lifted joyously and brilliantly and gloriously happy at the final conclusion of a desperate war 290 00:35:24,390 --> 00:35:31,170 which has seen its closing days in the desperate day or three or four of anxiety, turmoil, anticipation, doubt, fear. 291 00:35:31,520 --> 00:35:33,630 Are these people happy? That's the only way to express it. 292 00:35:33,630 --> 00:35:35,770 Are you happy? Yeah! 293 00:35:42,990 --> 00:35:46,720 This is undoubtedly one of the most incredible days of my life. 294 00:35:47,230 --> 00:35:49,270 At long last, I am home. 295 00:35:56,540 --> 00:36:00,840 after recuperating from his wounds, Jack Werner is in New York City. 296 00:36:01,060 --> 00:36:03,490 He has been discharged from the army. 297 00:36:06,200 --> 00:36:11,350 Arriving at Pennsylvania station, I am mobbed by everyone and anyone who comes through. 298 00:36:12,190 --> 00:36:15,610 It is a wonderful feeling, after everything we have been through. 299 00:36:16,850 --> 00:36:21,170 And my reaction was very emotional, I must say, 300 00:36:21,170 --> 00:36:25,220 as it was a wonderful thing that happened. 301 00:36:25,840 --> 00:36:31,430 It turned out to be, you know, VJ day, and Times Square was exploding with people, 302 00:36:32,110 --> 00:36:35,710 and everybody was on the street kissing and hugging each other. 303 00:36:39,940 --> 00:36:41,130 It was very, very nice. 304 00:37:16,300 --> 00:37:18,370 Three weeks after VJ day, 305 00:37:19,180 --> 00:37:22,070 representatives of the Allied powers and Japan 306 00:37:22,070 --> 00:37:25,590 meet on board the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo bay 307 00:37:25,850 --> 00:37:28,350 to sign the formal instrument of surrender. 308 00:37:28,750 --> 00:37:31,610 Elements of this footage have not been seen before. 309 00:37:31,900 --> 00:37:35,410 Filmed by a sailor positioned in the ship's superstructure, 310 00:37:35,660 --> 00:37:39,890 General Macarthur and Admiral Nimitz walk toward history. 311 00:37:40,330 --> 00:37:44,130 My fellow countrymen, today the guns are silent. 312 00:37:45,000 --> 00:37:50,260 A great tragedy has ended. A great victory has been won. 313 00:37:51,180 --> 00:37:54,480 The skies no longer rain death. 314 00:37:55,170 --> 00:37:58,570 Men everywhere walk upright in the sunlight. 315 00:37:59,360 --> 00:38:03,210 The entire world lies quietly at peace. 316 00:38:07,150 --> 00:38:09,430 Over the next few weeks and months, 317 00:38:09,430 --> 00:38:14,500 millions of Americans who served in the armed forces begin the journey home. 318 00:38:17,430 --> 00:38:22,120 Nurse June Wandrey arrives in Virginia almost two months after VJ day. 319 00:38:23,600 --> 00:38:26,810 Home at last, five months late. 320 00:38:27,160 --> 00:38:30,870 We disembark into a shabby, dirty area, 321 00:38:30,870 --> 00:38:34,880 no bands, no flags, no welcoming crowds. 322 00:38:37,410 --> 00:38:38,850 It's a sad ending. 323 00:38:39,780 --> 00:38:42,110 Our lives have been permanently altered. 324 00:38:43,800 --> 00:38:47,230 People who stayed home will never understand us. 325 00:38:48,950 --> 00:38:52,250 But then we hear a sweet chorus of "welcome home" 326 00:38:52,480 --> 00:38:56,010 from several gray ladies bearing trays of milk and cookies. 327 00:38:57,200 --> 00:39:02,490 And suddenly, the lump in my throat is too big to swallow. 328 00:39:03,800 --> 00:39:05,580 Tears spill down my face. 329 00:39:08,070 --> 00:39:09,220 I'm home. 330 00:39:44,700 --> 00:39:49,010 In the nearly four years that the United States fought in World War II, 331 00:39:49,420 --> 00:39:53,270 about 16 million Americans served in the armed forces. 332 00:39:54,180 --> 00:39:57,760 Over 415,000 never made it home. 333 00:39:58,640 --> 00:40:00,500 Most were killed in combat. 334 00:40:00,830 --> 00:40:03,340 Many remain missing in action. 335 00:40:04,100 --> 00:40:10,940 For those who survived, the echoes of the war experience linger for a lifetime. 336 00:40:11,190 --> 00:40:13,480 In my opinion, war is a terrible thing. 337 00:40:14,780 --> 00:40:19,710 I never thought in my life, in my young life, that I would see what I saw 338 00:40:21,000 --> 00:40:24,300 and have to go through what I went through. 339 00:40:25,720 --> 00:40:29,420 Every cross I see in a military cemetery represents a young life 340 00:40:29,420 --> 00:40:32,920 between 20 and 40 years of age. That's a waste. 341 00:40:34,070 --> 00:40:35,150 That shouldn't be. 342 00:40:36,910 --> 00:40:44,240 The people who create those situations are never the ones that are out there fighting. 343 00:40:49,480 --> 00:40:51,300 I detest that. I hate it. 344 00:41:02,290 --> 00:41:05,500 War is stupid, crazy. 345 00:41:08,720 --> 00:41:15,270 We've got to have love on our planet. 346 00:41:16,310 --> 00:41:18,660 There is a pride in being a veteran. 347 00:41:18,850 --> 00:41:24,910 I know that being a veteran sets me apart from millions of other people 348 00:41:25,490 --> 00:41:29,340 who did not sacrifice so much of their life and their mentality 349 00:41:29,350 --> 00:41:34,460 and their emotions for our country. 350 00:41:35,270 --> 00:41:37,110 Of that, I'm very proud. 351 00:41:43,550 --> 00:41:44,850 What is the greatest generation? 352 00:41:45,110 --> 00:41:49,820 The greatest generation was everybody who worked hard 353 00:41:49,820 --> 00:41:54,160 to provide the means by which we were able to win this war. 354 00:41:55,090 --> 00:42:01,380 The greatness encompassed the country as well, the whole country. 355 00:42:02,730 --> 00:42:05,840 It's all of us, not just the military. 356 00:42:17,490 --> 00:42:19,330 The spirit of man has awakened. 357 00:42:19,980 --> 00:42:22,430 The soul of man has gone forth. 358 00:42:23,070 --> 00:42:28,220 Grant us the wisdom and the vision to comprehend the greatness of man's spirit 359 00:42:28,910 --> 00:42:35,580 that suffers and endures so hugely for a goal beyond his own brief span. 360 00:42:37,660 --> 00:42:39,720 We are all of us children of earth. 361 00:42:39,970 --> 00:42:43,130 Grant us that simple knowledge. 362 00:42:43,560 --> 00:42:48,600 If our brothers are oppressed, then we are oppressed. 363 00:42:49,060 --> 00:42:51,790 If they hunger, we hunger. 364 00:42:53,890 --> 00:42:58,950 If their freedom is taken away, our freedom is not secure. 365 00:42:59,150 --> 00:43:05,130 Grant us a common faith that man shall know bread and peace, 366 00:43:05,790 --> 00:43:09,850 that he shall know justice and righteousness, freedom and security, 367 00:43:10,440 --> 00:43:14,250 an equal opportunity and an equal chance to do his best, 368 00:43:14,740 --> 00:43:18,390 not only in our own lands, but throughout the world. 369 00:43:19,830 --> 00:43:22,940 And in that faith, let us march, 370 00:43:23,160 --> 00:43:29,170 march toward the clean world our hands can make. 371 00:43:29,950 --> 00:43:31,360 Amen.34596

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