All language subtitles for Impossible Engineering s07e02 Worlds Toughest Tunnels.eng

In this episode... Look, it's multi
-kilometres of nearly eight metres

tunnel through the centre of London.
It's absolutely enormous.

A multi -billion dollar super sewer
network.

Some of the things that we are doing
here are cutting -edge technology, world

-class engineering.

And the groundbreaking innovations from
history.

There's a really exciting piece of
important engineering history somewhere

this building.

That make the impossible possible.

London. Spanning over 600 square miles.

This mighty metropolis is one of the
world's busiest cities.

But danger lurks beneath these streets.

London's sewers have reached maximum
capacity.

The underground network is full of waste
from sinks, toilets, and washing

machines around the city.

Engineers tackle five blockages every
hour.

It costs roughly $1 .3 million every
month.

And the torrent of raw sewage is
overflowing.

Archaeologist Kathy Newland is looking
at the root of the problem.

London's original sewer system was built
150 years ago by Joseph Bazalgette. He

was considered an engineering genius.

But time and London has moved on.

We've grown from a population of 2
million people to more than 9 million

And the system just can't cope.

For centuries, London has been
struggling to deal with its most basic

Before London got its first sewer
system, the city's waste was dumped

into the River Thames.

And during the summer of 1858, the hot
weather exacerbated the smell of

untreated human waste, causing a crisis
known as the Great Stink.

Today, the mighty Thames is under threat
once again.

London -born construction engineer Ray
Cantwell lives near the river and knows

the extent of the problem.

My mum used to actually be able to swim
across the River Thames from Bishop's

Park over to Putney. It probably wasn't
recommended back in the day, but ever

since then it's getting worse and worse.

It's horrible to see, horrible to work
around.

It's quite disgusting, actually, if I'm
honest with you.

London's original sewer was designed for
both sewage and rainwater.

the water carried the sewage away from
the city.

Following heavy rain, combined sewage
and water overflows, CSOs, prevented

sewage from backing into people's homes
by discharging directly into the Thames.

The emergency CSOs were only designed to
operate once or twice a year.

But today, with more people and more
rainfall, London's overwhelmed system

discharges sewage almost every time it
rains.

Whenever there's over two millimeters of
rainfall in London, these CSOs release

tons of untreated sewage into the River
Thames.

Approximately 34 million tons on a
typical year.

Sometimes when you do have heavy rain
the night before, you can come onto the

site and actually see the amount of
sewage going into the river and the

discoloration of the River Thames. This
is the main problem that we have to

tackle.

Something has to be done to save the
Thames.

So engineers have started one of
Europe's biggest construction projects.

The London super sewer.

This is a huge undertaking in the center
of London.

The scale is just enormous.

A multi -billion dollar feat of
engineering that will extend London's

sewer system.

This is exciting. This is the pinnacle
of civil engineering.

It's the mega -project that get the
attention.

That's really why I got into
engineering.

Designed to transform the River Thames,
it's truly groundbreaking.

Some of the things that we are doing
here are cutting -edge technology, world

-class engineering.

So I'm pretty sure a lot of other
countries will follow on from this and

as a set standard.

The super sewer will bring the existing
network into the 21st century.

The combined sewer overflows, or CSOs,
will be connected to 24 deep shafts.

Under the ground, approximately 20 miles
of tunnels will thread their way

through the tangle of the city's
subterranean infrastructure.

At the deepest shaft ever dug in London,
sewage will be pumped the height of Big

Ben up to the largest wastewater
treatment plant in Europe.

There are approximately 54 sewage
outpoints across the River Thames.

The Thames Tideway Tunnel Project aims
to intercept these worst offending CSOs,

send them into our tunnels and our
shafts down to Beckton Sewage Treatment

Works. In essence, once the project is
completed, we hope to reduce the amount

of untreated sewage that is released
into the River Thames every year by

96%. But such an

ambitious project is full of challenges.

How do you prevent millions of tonnes of
toxic sewage flooding the Thames?

How do you tunnel beneath London's
underground rail network and the river

itself? How do you pump thousands of
litres of sewage vertically to the

treatment plant?

And given how dense London is, how do
you manoeuvre the enormous equipment

through such limited space?

It will take some of London's top
engineers to pull it off.

Behind me, we can see the drop shaft
construction in the background.

Engineer Josh Roy is overseeing one of
the first stages of construction, the

drop shaft.

This is the viewing platform, which is
the platform where the crane supervisor

or the banksman coordinates lifting into
the shaft.

And effectively, it's the only position
you can see down into the drop shaft

during construction.

The internal diameter of the drop shaft
when it's complete will be 15 meters.

And currently, we've excavated to
approximately 12 meters below ground

And we are continuing to 32 meters below
ground level in total depth.

This is just one of the 24 shafts
engineered to tackle the biggest sewage

overflows along the river.

Crucially here, during a normal year, a
number of overflow events occur, which

means that pollution obviously goes
straight into the Thames.

So here we're providing a drop shaft,
and in the future, a series of

interception chambers will take any
overflows directly into the tunnel

than into the Thames.

By connecting the existing sewage
overflows to vertical shafts, engineers

start to remedy the most problematic
areas.

But buried underground and flooded with
tons of sewage, much of the network will

be inaccessible for servicing.

To ensure it functions maintenance -free
for decades to come, engineers must

tackle a fundamental problem.

At this site in particular, beyond a
depth of four meters, we are well past

groundwater level, and therefore we can
expect to have some kind of water

ingress as we construct.

and that's one of the biggest challenges
on this site and other sites across the

project in London.

The shafts are reinforced with concrete,
but over time they can be corroded by

the water outside and the sewage within.

Under the microscope, concrete is laced
with tiny capillary channels.

Water and sewage can permeate these
capillaries, causing irreparable damage.

Engineering a network to withstand
sustained attack from water and sewage

of the biggest challenges.

And buried so far underground, this
project must be designed to last.

To make it happen, engineers will need
to draw inspiration from the pioneers of

the past.

Engineers in London are hard at work
extending the city's underground sewer

system.

But buried below the earth, regular
maintenance will be a challenge.

And this super sewer is going to need to
last for generations to come.

To find long -term solutions.

Archaeologist Cassie Newland has
traveled to the ancient city of Knathos

Greek island of Crete to see a 4 ,000
-year -old Minoan marvel.

This is Europe's oldest city, the London
of its day.

This was home to up to 100 ,000 people.

But sustaining so many people in this
landscape wasn't easy.

So the great challenge of a city like
this is getting enough fresh water for

people to drink.

It's very hilly, it's very rocky, the
weather is very seasonal, so you have

great dry periods followed by torrential
winter storms.

And all the fresh water has got to come
from springs on the opposite side of the

valley. Once it's in the city, the real
challenge is moving it around to where

it's needed.

Sometimes the water's going downhill,
but sometimes you've got to pull it up.

The Minoans thrived here because they
understood a basic principle of water.

always finds its own level.

By using a stream on the nearby hill,
they were able to direct the water down

and up again across the city.

This allowed the Minoans to build
networks not just for water, but also

drainage and sewage.

At the bottom of this hole are in -situ
terracotta pipes.

Now, the pipes are designed to bring the
fresh water in for drinking.

They're a very special shape, sort of
like a very long, thin cone. So the

entrance at one end is slightly wider
than the exit at the other. This allows

them to fit together really snugly,
excluding air and making sure that water

pressure is maintained within the
system.

Pericot is a fabulous material because
it doesn't matter what you're putting

through it, whether it's acid or alkali,
it will remain unchanged for thousands

of years.

The pipes laid down here are as good
today as they were when they were first

laid.

And the Minoans' networks were built to
last.

I'm standing on the oldest road in
Europe.

4 ,000 years ago, when engineers
constructed this, they put in a huge

drain. Take all the water from the
palaces and the courts above it. The

amazing thing is, it all still works.

All thanks to meticulous engineering.

It's got this lovely sinuous line as the
drain makes around the hill. And that's

for a very specific reason. It's all
about controlling the flow of the water.

While you want it free -flowing so you
can avoid blockages, you don't want it

just shooting off down the hill too fast
because that would erode the bottom of

your drains and cause it to collapse.

What we have here is very careful
management of that flow rate.

I mean, this is really very clever.

And the system is still draining water
from the city today.

This city -wide network is remarkable.

Hydraulic engineering began here, and
it's the basis of everything we do

For London's super sewer, engineers must
ensure the buried network will remain

as maintenance -free as Knossos.

The sheer capacity of the shafts will
help control any surges.

But the bigger problem is waterproofing.

Existing methods can be challenging for
such giant and complex structures.

To apply a sheet membrane waterproofing
system is quite labor intensive.

It requires access at a later stage
along all sides of the shaft and at

so it becomes a safety risk.

At the shaft, there's a revolutionary
solution.

A chemical treatment is added directly
to the concrete mix.

Reacting to the water and cement in the
mix, the chemicals grow into crystals.

filling the capillaries.

As the crystals duplicate, they create a
network that stops water from passing

through. The impermeable barrier will
hopefully be as effective as the

terracotta used by the Minoans.

And because it simultaneously
strengthens and waterproof,

this innovative treatment will protect
the site for years to come.

Okay, so we're now batching the concrete
mixture, but just behind me you can see

two silos that are both batching at the
same time into one pump. The material

goes into the hopper behind me, and the
pump then pumps the concrete mixture in

this line all the way to the drop shaft
for use in the spray concrete lining

construction.

The exposed ground in the shaft is
unstable.

so the mix is designed to set quickly.

With excavation temporarily halted and
emergency breathing apparatus on hand,

it's safe to enter.

Each four -foot vertical lining requires
130 tons of the mix.

But there's a risk the mixture will set
before the work is completed.

The solution is an ultra -high -pressure
pneumatic hose.

Don't cross the red and white line,
basically.

Simple as that.

The mixture is propelled at 4 ,000 psi,
enough pressure to cause serious harm.

So here we are at the bottom of the drop
chart.

We've tested the mixture at the surface,
and now the concrete mixture is being

applied as a spray concrete lining,
incorporating the crystallizing agent as

waterproofing measure.

With the pump working at full power, it
takes just minutes to protect the

section.

It's great to see the spray concrete
lining application in person.

It's really quite a challenge that has
been overcome here.

With its longevity assured, the super
sewer network can start to grow.

But building miles of tunnel directly
under the Thames will be a massive

engineering challenge.

Just beyond me is the earth.

Our purpose is the river.

This is a huge undertaking in the center
of London.

And experts will have to bring in some
cutting -edge technology to get the job

done.

Extending above and below the River
Thames, London's super sewer is one of

biggest engineering projects in Europe.

At over 20 sites across London,
engineers are digging tunnels in

directions, creating a network nearly 20
miles long to keep up with the city's

growing population.

But tunneling below one of the biggest,
busiest and oldest cities in the world

comes with a number of challenges.

Just finding space for a start.

Here we're surrounded by listed
buildings,

architectural gems and historic
monuments.

And that's just above the surface.

When you get below ground, it's even
more complicated.

You've got all your existing
infrastructure. So that's the Victorian

system. It's your water main, your gas
main.

It's your electric cables and your
telecoms cables.

It's the tube and all the pedestrian
walkways that go with that.

And that horrible tangled network is set
inside 2 ,000 years' worth of

archaeology. And then there's the river,
without which none of this will be

here, but which makes the whole of the
subsoil completely waterlogged and

difficult to dig through.

And they're not just digging any old
tunnels.

These tunnels are big, big enough to
drive a double -decker bus through.

Engineers need a machine that can work
under the most difficult circumstances.

With the weight of London above them,
the team is facing a seemingly

challenge.

The solution can be found below the
battlefields of the past.

On England's south coast, Engineer Katie
Tom is searching for a location that's

been all but forgotten.

I'm really excited.

This place is normally closed to public,
but I've got special permission to have

a look inside, so I can't wait to see
what's in there.

Extending almost 600 feet into the
chalky earth, this

is the Windchelsea Tunnel.

Lots of graffiti on the walls down here,
lots of initials, which is quite nice

to see the history of it, really.

The tunnel's origins stretch back to
World War I.

In the trenches of Flanders, Allied
forces devised a plan to dig tunnels

enemy lines.

Once dug, huge caches of explosives
could be detonated inside them.

The Windchelsea tunnel was the secret
test site for this plan and was dug by

extraordinary new machine.

So you can look at the shape of the
tunnel and the length of it.

It's almost a perfect circle. I can
track the movement of what the machine

have been doing.

all the way around to here to take out
the material.

It must have been a big beast of a kit
for its time, really quite

so it's really exciting to learn about
it.

The mysterious machine used here could
hold the key for London's super sewer.

And Katie has managed to track down the
only example left in existence.

I have exclusive access to the Science
Museum group collection.

No one is allowed back here.

But I've been told there's a really
exciting piece of important engineering

history somewhere in this building, and
I can't wait to find it.

It's like an Aladdin cave.

And here it is.

The Whitaker Tunnel Boring Machine was
the brainchild of English engineer

Douglas Whitaker.

So this is the cutting base, as you can
see here.

You've got the buckets on the outside.
There's the cutters here, which would

have excavated the material.

The buckets, as it moved, would have
collected it.

But Whitaker's amazing machine got off
to a rough start.

The ambitious plan in the World War I
trenches failed, and his machine was

buried under the battlefield in France.

This example was part of a cancelled
attempt to dig a channel tunnel between

England and France in 1921.

This one is a little bit larger than the
one that would have cut the Winchelpey

Tunnel. But the size of the buckets is
similar, and that would have given the

uniformity of the markings that we saw
in the chalk, caused by this large

movement that would have helped the
machine advance out of the tunnel.

But despite its failings, Whitaker's
extraordinary tunneling beast did

vital innovation.

Rock contains cracks, faults, and folds.

When tunneling underground, it's crucial
to keep the pressure balanced.

If the excavated material or spoil is
removed too quickly, the sudden change

pressure can cause a collapse.

Whitaker had the solution.

What Whitaker came up with is this
corkscrew conveyor which takes the

collected from the bucket all the way
down the length of the machine.

This is a very simple mechanism, really.

The material goes in as it's being
excavated and then as it moves... around

material is taken along the whole end of
the machine and then is collected

right at the end.

It's simple.

Whitaker's corkscrew technique meant
that he could remove just the right

of spoil at any given time.

The corkscrew and the cutting mechanism
were calibrated at the same rate to make

sure that that was balanced correctly to
stop the tunnel from caving in.

Whitaker's Tunnel Boring Machine, or
TBM, was the forerunner of a technique

used all over the world.

Whitaker's combination of the rotating
cutting base and the screw conveyor

really has become the blueprint of all
future TBMs. This is such an amazing

piece of engineering.

And today, engineers will need to use
the principles put in place by Whitaker

dig the massive tunnel network that will
make up London's super sewer.

Engineers in London are hard at work on
a new super sewer to accommodate the

city's rapidly growing population.

Using principles originally engineered
by Douglas Whittaker, seven giant tunnel

boring machines, or TBNs, will dig the
tunnel network.

Some of these machines have a diameter
the length of a London bus.

and weigh up to nearly 1 ,500 tons.

And here she is.

Each TVM has been specially engineered
for the job.

This is Rachel, our tunnel boring
machine, 8 .1 meters in diameter.

With all the backup gantries, it's going
to be 147 meters long when complete.

Engineer Mark Shepard is doing a final
inspection of this machine's cutting

before it's deployed under London.

So this is the cutting wheel of the
machine.

It's around 100 tons on its own.

This will do all the cutting, so we're
mining through mostly London clay in

section of Tideway.

This is an earth pressure balance
machine, so this cutter head will be

mined clay at pressure.

The red screw at the bottom there will
rotate, and that will take the muck out.

Like the Whitaker machine, the screw
helps maintain pressure at the tunnel

It runs right through the heart of the
machine.

And because it's so long, that can keep
a plug of material as we're excavating

and hold the pressure in the face.

That's rotating full of material, and we
can control the speed of that.

We have a guillotine door as well on the
end so we know exactly how much muck is

coming out. We're not taking too much
out.

Because there are so many underground
obstacles to work around.

The TBMs will excavate deeper than all
existing infrastructure directly under

the river.

Lowering them down the drop shafts is a
precision operation.

But once in position, they'll advance 26
feet per day to connect all the shafts

together.

The project is just enormous.

Site manager Paul Hallows is venturing
down to one of the biggest tunnels on

project to check out one of the mega
machines in action.

It's absolutely enormous.

So, we're at the front of the TBM now.

Just beyond me, you can see, that's the
bulkhead.

Just beyond the furthest away part, you
can see the TBM.

That's where the cutting disc is, which
is turning about 2 RPM.

Beyond that is the earth.

Our purpose is the river.

We're at the business end.

All the spoil in front of the TBM,
that's being cut away, then dropping

into the invert in the front of the
machine there, coming up this screw

here,

dropping down into the conveyor, then
it's away all the way down the tunnel on

conveyor belt, up to the surface, and
gone from sight.

As the cutter moves forward, Paul and
the team build giant concrete rings to

support the new tunnel.

The further the TBMs travel, the more
segments are needed.

Up at the surface, a seemingly endless
supply keeps the TBMs fed.

Since London streets can be difficult to
navigate, the segments are transported

by barge along the Thames.

Once safely on site, they're craned down
the shaft to join the TBM's automated

production line.

Each tunnel ring gets brought into the
tunnel by the loco.

It's put on the storage cassette.

From the storage cassette, it's picked
up, carried up to the front.

At the front of the machine, the
segments are picked up by suction,

where they need to be, and secured in
place.

We excavate in 1 .8 -meter increments.

So every time we've advanced 1 .8
meters, we retract the rams, we build

these concrete rings.

These concrete rings, 1 .8 meters wide.

There's eight of these sections make a
complete ring.

There's over 40 tons per ring.

Once a complete ring is then built, then
we can excavate, start again, start

another 1 .8 meters.

This is what we're going to be doing for
the next 4 ,500 meters.

The giant tunnel boring machines are the
solution to the London super sewers

seemingly impossible engineering
challenge.

They can quickly and accurately thread
their way through London's web of

underground obstacles.

And it's all thanks to tunneling
pioneers like Douglas Whitaker.

The engineers of the past, you can only
be impressed by them.

Everything we're doing now is as
mechanized as possible.

Now we're just concrete lines, rapid
progress.

Much better environments to work in, but
hats off to them.

I wouldn't have liked to have been
around then.

But now the super sewer team faces
perhaps their greatest challenge.

So this is the lowest point in London.
So this project is unique in terms of

depth. They'll need to invent a way to
remove the sewage from deep below

The super sewer is one of the most
ambitious networks in the world.

By extending London's old sewer sit,
engineers are planning to prevent

of tons of sewage from flooding the
Thames.

The Lee Tunnel pump shaft in East London
is the final stage of the tunnel

network. At nearly 125 feet wide and 288
feet below ground, it's

the network's lowest point.

and is the deepest shaft in all of
London.

The shaft is so deep, it could swallow a
big bend here. And there's a really

good reason for that.

It's about creating the perfect self
-cleaning velocity.

And you do that by controlling
gradients.

Too shallow, nothing goes anywhere.

Too steep, and the liquids separate out
from the solids, leaving them behind to

accumulate and form blockages.

So we're now on the west side of the
pumping station.

At the pumping station, engineer Jad
Budiya is venturing all the way down to

bottom.

So this is the lowest point in London
that you can physically and safely get

From here, accumulated sewage must now
be pumped to the treatment plant for

processing. But pumping tons of semi
-solid material almost 300 feet

upwards is a huge challenge.

To find a solution, engineers looked to
another region that was once drowning in

problems of their own.

The Friesland region in Holland is a 2
,100 square mile area of flat land

bordering the North Sea.

Its history is punctuated with fierce
storms and devastating floods.

Marine engineer Keith Storm has seen the
damaging effects on the land.

Friesland is one of the wettest areas,
and that's because north, west, and

south, we are surrounded by water.

So that was always our biggest problem.

So with a couple of days of storms,

the enormous amounts of water inland,
which could be millions and millions of

cubic meters, would take months to get
rid of. So you really need a significant

engineering solution to do that.

Saving this land seemed an impossible
challenge, but one Dutch engineer

he had the answer.

In the early 20th century, Dirk
Frederick Wouda perfected the pump

And in 1920, he built this.

The Wouda Pumping Station.

At the time, the largest and most
technologically advanced steam pumping

in the world.

And it could hold the key to the super
sewers problem.

I love coming in here, and it's a
beautiful time to see the machine

smoothly and steadily.

The heart of the station was the
centrifugal pump.

Inside a centrifugal pump, a shaft
-driven blade called an impeller

As the impeller accelerates, fluid is
sucked through the inlet port at the

center. The velocity propels the fluid
to the edges and out through the

discharge port at the top.

Well, as a marine engineer, on board a
ship, we use also centrifugal pumps.

But I've never seen a size like this.

The giant pumps are driven by enormous
steam engines.

And these steam engines were originally
fed by eight large boilers.

So these massive pumps require a lot of
horsepower, and that's why we require

each engine to have 500 horsepower,
which is equivalent to a beautiful

car.

Just to give you an idea of the capacity
of all the eight pumps, if you fill up

this whole building... up to the rooftop
with water.

And all the pumps are running like now
on a steady speed.

The whole building is empty in two
minutes only.

The ability to shift such volumes so
quickly is thanks to the gravity

engineering inside the pump.

The first thing we will do is build the
impeller.

And we do it very simply by attaching
the tube onto the pencil.

Like this.

Cutting the envelope.

And then attach the impeller into the
drill.

So now my impeller is ready.

Now we are going to prime the pump as we
do in the main unit.

To prime the pump, water is sucked into
the tube.

The pump is now primed.

And if we start rotating... Oh, there he
goes.

The centrifugal furnace has overcome the
gravity, and the pump has started

pumping and getting very wet.

The brilliant simplicity of this
ingenious system allows WUTA to continue

pumping vast amounts of water, even
today.

So even 100 years old, these pumps are
still doing their job.

and are very important to keep the
country dry.

And in order to keep their super sewer
running smoothly, engineers in London

will have to adopt some of these same
techniques with the modern -day twist.

Deep below the ground in London,
engineers have installed the solution to

super sewers pump problem.

Dwarfing even those at the Wouda pumping
station in Holland.

These centrifugal pumps are so large and
so powerful, they must be encased

within concrete 13 feet thick.

The technology of centrifugal pumps has
been around for a long time.

The only difference with the lead tunnel
project is that the size of them are

unique in the sense that they've never
been made to this size.

The pumps are really big here. They're
effectively two stories high.

Weighing over 50 tons with a 7 .2 -foot
diameter impeller,

one pump can move the equivalent of 3
,000 liters per second, and there are

pumps.

The centrifugal pump can actually cope
with a lot of solid material, and it

would be very difficult to actually take
this up to ground level without pumping

and using the pumps that we have.

No other pumps would have the capacity
or the duty to pump out the lead tunnel.

Like Wouda in Holland, the pumps need a
lot of energy to drive them.

On the next floor are six motors
weighing more than 30 tons each.

These motors generate 3 .5 megawatts, so
very large power usage for the motors

to drive the pumps.

These motors have a central shaft, which
then is connected to the impeller

itself.

These giant motors are power -hungry,
and part of the solution to this problem

is above ground.

This is Becton Sewage Treatment Works,
the largest plant in Europe.

We're standing on the flow collection
chamber where the six pumps pump up it

this level. They then transfer the flows
through steel pipes up to the inlet

works for distribution into the sewage
room it works.

At the sewage works, the wastewater
settles in giant sedimentation tanks

bacteria breaks down and removes
impurities, including ammonia.

The process releases natural gas, some
of which can be recycled for energy

production across the site.

With the pumps running at full capacity,
Becton processes 2 .3 billion liters of

wastewater each day.

Enough to fill Wembley Stadium twice.

And all this cleaned wastewater is
returned safely to the Thames.

It was a brilliant experience to see the
pumps operating for the first time

three years ago.

So it's a great feeling working to clean
up the River Thames.

And I feel proud.

Since its inception in 2010, the Super
Tour has grown 30 kilometers from west

east London.

This megaproject is one of the biggest
infrastructure works in Europe,

six of the biggest waste water pumps
ever used in Britain and the biggest and

deepest shaft ever sunk in London.

It has a storage capacity of 600 Olympic
swimming pools worth of fluid.

By the time it's completed in 2024 and
the 34 worst polluting overflows are

collected, pollution in the temps should
be reduced by up to 97%.

By connecting the most polluting CSOs to
24 new shafts, the super sewer will

revolutionize the existing Victorian
network.

Millions of tons of sewage will be
carried along nearly 20 miles of

ending at London's deepest shaft, 288
feet below ground.

After being pumped up to the largest
treatment works in Europe, billions of

liters of safe wastewater can be
returned to the Thames.

The new super sewer has pushed the
boundaries of construction.

The feeling now is when we come into the
tunnel, both myself and all our team,

immensely proud of where we've got to.

It's a very empowering position to be
in.

By drawing on the innovators of the past
and conquering the many challenges, the

project will improve the lives of 9
million Londoners.

I want to have an impact on the London
area, the local residents, and being a

Londoner myself, I have a clear passion
for making sure this project is a

successful one.

And its success will be far -reaching.

The new super sewer will serve this city
for the next century and beyond.

It will reconnect the people of London
with their river.

The success of the project will stand as
testimony for the ingenuity of today's

engineers.

The Super Sewer team has succeeded in
making the impossible possible.

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