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00:00:28,779 --> 00:00:31,313
Bear: A snow leopard.
2
00:00:41,208 --> 00:00:44,309
He hasn't eaten in days.
3
00:00:51,268 --> 00:00:54,970
This may be his last chance.
4
00:01:54,248 --> 00:01:57,432
I'm two miles
above sea level here,
5
00:01:57,535 --> 00:02:00,435
And it is brutal.
6
00:02:00,604 --> 00:02:04,940
Cold, desolate, hard to breathe.
7
00:02:06,277 --> 00:02:09,912
But, for some, this is home.
8
00:02:16,170 --> 00:02:18,704
Mountains are one of the
most hostile environments.
9
00:02:18,806 --> 00:02:21,373
On our planet.
10
00:02:26,380 --> 00:02:29,140
Now, with the rise in
global temperatures,
11
00:02:29,116 --> 00:02:32,340
Life is even tougher.
12
00:02:33,437 --> 00:02:36,939
The relentless search for food.
13
00:02:38,776 --> 00:02:42,440
Intense competition.
14
00:02:43,280 --> 00:02:46,748
Unpredictable weather.
15
00:03:03,350 --> 00:03:07,669
Mountain animals are pushed
to the edge of existence.
16
00:03:19,516 --> 00:03:22,601
The arctic circle.
17
00:03:24,400 --> 00:03:28,140
Nowhere is the
planet warming faster.
18
00:03:28,909 --> 00:03:32,144
Spring has arrived here early.
19
00:03:37,268 --> 00:03:40,350
And that's bad news
for the barnacle geese.
20
00:03:40,137 --> 00:03:43,605
That breed in these mountains.
21
00:03:47,144 --> 00:03:50,112
Many nests have failed...
22
00:03:52,383 --> 00:03:56,100
But not this one.
23
00:03:59,807 --> 00:04:01,540
Three chicks.
24
00:04:01,675 --> 00:04:04,543
They're lucky to have made it.
25
00:04:06,247 --> 00:04:08,647
Forced by the early spring,
26
00:04:08,749 --> 00:04:12,401
The parents rush
to their migration.
27
00:04:13,404 --> 00:04:16,805
They arrived exhausted.
28
00:04:16,907 --> 00:04:21,209
The female sat on
the eggs for 25 days.
29
00:04:26,150 --> 00:04:30,350
She's lost 30% of
her body weight.
30
00:04:34,441 --> 00:04:36,308
But for this family,
31
00:04:36,410 --> 00:04:39,578
The greatest challenge
is still to come.
32
00:04:43,767 --> 00:04:47,869
The parents chose to nest
on this 400 foot pinnacle.
33
00:04:51,575 --> 00:04:55,177
It's the only way
to evade predators.
34
00:05:00,768 --> 00:05:04,200
Just one problem...
35
00:05:04,104 --> 00:05:06,705
The grass they
eat is a mile away,
36
00:05:06,807 --> 00:05:09,508
By the river.
37
00:05:09,610 --> 00:05:14,446
And barnacle geese can't
feed their young in the nest.
38
00:05:16,950 --> 00:05:19,935
If the chicks don't
feed within 36 hours,
39
00:05:20,370 --> 00:05:23,105
They'll starve.
40
00:05:24,208 --> 00:05:28,443
And these chicks won't be
able to fly for another month.
41
00:05:31,281 --> 00:05:35,534
The parents are living
proof there is a solution.
42
00:05:37,438 --> 00:05:40,572
Just not an easy one.
43
00:05:52,803 --> 00:05:56,638
Dad leads the way.
44
00:06:02,646 --> 00:06:06,548
But the chicks are
instinctively bonded to mum.
45
00:06:13,507 --> 00:06:18,210
Where she goes they follow.
46
00:07:14,184 --> 00:07:18,203
Incredibly, it survived.
47
00:07:20,808 --> 00:07:23,842
But it's stunned.
48
00:07:23,944 --> 00:07:27,679
And now dangerously exposed.
49
00:08:10,174 --> 00:08:12,407
One chick gone.
50
00:08:12,509 --> 00:08:15,844
Now hope rests
with the other two.
51
00:08:22,669 --> 00:08:26,271
The back of the
spire is a shorter drop.
52
00:08:29,843 --> 00:08:33,778
But it's much harder
to avoid the rocks.
53
00:08:41,738 --> 00:08:46,141
For this chick,
there will be no escape.
54
00:08:50,180 --> 00:08:54,432
The third and last
surviving chick.
55
00:09:27,267 --> 00:09:34,105
♪ ♪
56
00:10:06,873 --> 00:10:11,109
The snow cushions the
impact, but offers no grip.
57
00:10:56,306 --> 00:11:00,275
Only around 50% of chicks
hatched on these cliffs.
58
00:11:00,444 --> 00:11:03,912
Make it through the first month.
59
00:11:07,801 --> 00:11:11,469
With the seasons
increasingly unpredictable,
60
00:11:11,788 --> 00:11:15,607
Fewer chicks will survive.
61
00:11:18,645 --> 00:11:24,199
But this chick, at
least, has defied the odds.
62
00:11:30,140 --> 00:11:33,341
A changing climate is
affecting life in mountains.
63
00:11:33,443 --> 00:11:36,478
Across the world.
64
00:11:42,736 --> 00:11:44,869
Late winter.
65
00:11:44,971 --> 00:11:49,307
The average temperature here is
rising a degree every decade.
66
00:12:00,170 --> 00:12:03,204
Bad news for a snow leopard.
67
00:12:05,542 --> 00:12:08,276
Thick fur enables him to
withstand temperatures.
68
00:12:08,378 --> 00:12:11,546
Of -20 fahrenheit.
69
00:12:16,770 --> 00:12:20,338
But today, it's 66.
70
00:12:22,420 --> 00:12:25,243
To find enough food, he
must patrol a territory.
71
00:12:25,345 --> 00:12:28,713
Of 80 square miles.
72
00:12:33,300 --> 00:12:37,839
Dry barren slopes
don't support much prey.
73
00:12:45,482 --> 00:12:48,800
It can be more than a
week between meals.
74
00:12:59,450 --> 00:13:01,646
He must make a kill,
75
00:13:06,436 --> 00:13:08,603
Or starve.
76
00:13:22,219 --> 00:13:25,570
Bear: 16,000 feet
up in the himalayas,
77
00:13:26,506 --> 00:13:29,340
A desperately
hungry snow leopard.
78
00:13:31,945 --> 00:13:35,814
His best opportunity in
days is within sight.
79
00:13:37,567 --> 00:13:40,368
Blue sheep.
80
00:13:40,837 --> 00:13:44,339
In this heat, he can't run far.
81
00:13:45,675 --> 00:13:48,676
He needs to close the gap.
82
00:14:08,348 --> 00:14:12,534
His camouflage helps.
83
00:14:12,836 --> 00:14:17,672
But with so little cover,
it's hard to get close enough.
84
00:14:30,570 --> 00:14:33,838
He ran too early.
85
00:14:33,940 --> 00:14:37,842
And it's too hot to give chase.
86
00:14:39,746 --> 00:14:41,679
Like all who live here,
87
00:14:41,781 --> 00:14:45,633
His fortunes are linked
to the mountain climate.
88
00:14:47,938 --> 00:14:51,706
And even small changes can
have dramatic consequences.
89
00:15:08,800 --> 00:15:10,742
Here in africa,
rising temperatures.
90
00:15:10,844 --> 00:15:14,445
Are forcing mountain
life ever higher.
91
00:15:24,240 --> 00:15:28,343
An army of gelada
monkeys is gathering.
92
00:15:35,100 --> 00:15:38,303
They're all after one thing.
93
00:15:39,639 --> 00:15:44,800
But to find it, they must
climb higher and higher.
94
00:15:48,348 --> 00:15:51,833
Their numbers
grow to 1200 strong.
95
00:15:52,302 --> 00:15:56,437
One of the largest gatherings
of monkeys on the planet.
96
00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:08,967
At 10,000 feet, this
is what they're after.
97
00:16:11,304 --> 00:16:12,704
Grass.
98
00:16:12,806 --> 00:16:15,873
It's almost all they eat.
99
00:16:18,912 --> 00:16:23,470
But so many monkeys in such
a small area means trouble.
100
00:16:31,408 --> 00:16:34,759
Especially for this old male.
101
00:16:39,416 --> 00:16:43,234
He needs a lot of
energy to defend his family.
102
00:16:45,171 --> 00:16:49,240
Ten females and 12 youngsters.
103
00:16:54,547 --> 00:16:57,315
But you don't get
much from grass.
104
00:16:57,417 --> 00:17:00,868
He has to spend ten
hours a day feeding.
105
00:17:06,209 --> 00:17:10,812
And today he's gonna need
all the energy he can get.
106
00:17:17,570 --> 00:17:20,204
Bachelor males.
107
00:17:20,306 --> 00:17:21,939
Outcasts.
108
00:17:22,420 --> 00:17:25,209
Forced to the edge of society.
109
00:17:29,282 --> 00:17:33,367
Any one of them would be happy
to take down the old male and.
110
00:17:33,470 --> 00:17:36,804
Become the new family leader.
111
00:17:47,650 --> 00:17:51,903
To hold onto power, the old
male must prove his strength,
112
00:17:52,639 --> 00:17:56,407
Both to the bachelors
and his females.
113
00:18:03,216 --> 00:18:07,201
He challenges them to chase him.
114
00:18:24,704 --> 00:18:27,672
But no one dares to attack.
115
00:18:28,410 --> 00:18:31,476
His show of force has worked.
116
00:18:33,213 --> 00:18:36,180
For now.
117
00:18:38,217 --> 00:18:40,735
The old male has
little time to refuel.
118
00:18:40,837 --> 00:18:44,105
Before the herd moves on.
119
00:18:54,170 --> 00:18:57,100
The bachelors are back.
120
00:19:05,745 --> 00:19:07,512
At this high altitude,
121
00:19:07,614 --> 00:19:10,681
Each confrontation
takes more energy.
122
00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:17,738
A relentless cycle of moving,
feeding and fighting.
123
00:19:22,946 --> 00:19:27,582
Moving, feeding, fighting.
124
00:19:31,700 --> 00:19:35,606
By late afternoon, the
old male is exhausted.
125
00:19:51,324 --> 00:19:54,942
The strongest bachelor,
45 pounds of muscle,
126
00:19:55,440 --> 00:19:58,346
With energy to burn.
127
00:20:13,780 --> 00:20:16,714
He's the most
serious challenger yet,
128
00:20:17,350 --> 00:20:19,901
And the old male knows it.
129
00:20:30,813 --> 00:20:34,810
Bear: Two male gelada
monkeys fight for supremacy.
130
00:20:35,835 --> 00:20:39,360
A dominant male and
a younger bachelor.
131
00:20:42,742 --> 00:20:46,944
One against one the
bachelor is stronger.
132
00:20:55,905 --> 00:20:59,730
The old male won't
last much longer.
133
00:21:01,778 --> 00:21:05,446
At least not alone.
134
00:21:06,983 --> 00:21:09,166
His females are loyal.
135
00:21:09,269 --> 00:21:12,603
They won't give up on
their protector yet.
136
00:21:18,811 --> 00:21:22,580
This united force
is overwhelming.
137
00:21:31,708 --> 00:21:35,576
The old male is victorious.
138
00:21:36,646 --> 00:21:39,800
But it's tough at the top.
139
00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:51,609
As the climate warms and the grass
they depend on retreats higher,
140
00:21:51,978 --> 00:21:55,780
Their battle for survival
will only intensify.
141
00:22:12,615 --> 00:22:15,900
In the heat of mid-summer,
mountain goats seek out.
142
00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:19,437
Cooler temperatures
on the high ridges.
143
00:22:23,710 --> 00:22:27,878
This female is a
natural mountaineer.
144
00:22:28,381 --> 00:22:31,866
She can easily
access the best grazing,
145
00:22:31,968 --> 00:22:34,802
Even with a kid in tow.
146
00:22:37,707 --> 00:22:40,174
But there's one thing
they both need that's.
147
00:22:40,276 --> 00:22:43,377
Far harder to reach.
148
00:22:45,681 --> 00:22:48,990
Today, they must leave
the ridge and descend.
149
00:22:48,201 --> 00:22:51,168
Into the heat of the valley.
150
00:22:55,208 --> 00:22:59,510
For the little one, this
is a dangerous journey.
151
00:23:01,914 --> 00:23:05,232
With the mercury hitting
100 degrees fahrenheit,
152
00:23:05,334 --> 00:23:08,836
This is the hottest
summer on record.
153
00:23:13,960 --> 00:23:16,143
After a winter of heavy snow,
154
00:23:16,245 --> 00:23:19,447
This means more
meltwater than ever.
155
00:23:27,106 --> 00:23:30,441
Mum's made this journey before,
156
00:23:30,710 --> 00:23:35,112
But some rivers are at their
highest level in 100 years.
157
00:24:04,811 --> 00:24:11,298
♪ ♪
158
00:24:20,510 --> 00:24:23,100
Their goal is in sight.
159
00:24:23,112 --> 00:24:26,313
Just one more river to cross.
160
00:24:27,250 --> 00:24:30,835
But it's the
deepest and widest yet.
161
00:24:51,841 --> 00:24:55,750
The current is too
strong for little legs.
162
00:25:29,745 --> 00:25:33,581
And this is what they've
risked their lives for.
163
00:25:35,167 --> 00:25:38,736
A salt lick.
164
00:25:39,572 --> 00:25:43,641
These goats crave sodium,
an essential mineral lacking.
165
00:25:43,743 --> 00:25:46,277
In their mountain diet.
166
00:25:53,970 --> 00:25:57,638
Summer in the
mountains is short.
167
00:25:58,541 --> 00:26:02,760
Harder times are coming.
168
00:26:11,470 --> 00:26:13,804
Temperatures plummet.
169
00:26:16,776 --> 00:26:19,760
Days shorten.
170
00:26:21,981 --> 00:26:24,548
Winter is here.
171
00:26:30,940 --> 00:26:34,241
But the hunt for
food must continue.
172
00:26:43,936 --> 00:26:47,538
Heavy snow on higher ridges
has forced these ibex.
173
00:26:47,640 --> 00:26:50,708
Down into the valley.
174
00:26:57,617 --> 00:26:59,433
A cold winter can
be a blessing for.
175
00:26:59,535 --> 00:27:02,670
A hungry snow leopard.
176
00:27:05,374 --> 00:27:08,542
He's less likely to overheat.
177
00:27:12,214 --> 00:27:15,833
But against the white,
he's visible for miles.
178
00:27:24,510 --> 00:27:28,120
He must rely on stealth.
179
00:27:30,716 --> 00:27:33,867
Not easy in such deep snow.
180
00:27:48,868 --> 00:27:55,272
♪ ♪
181
00:28:18,948 --> 00:28:21,515
The distance was too great.
182
00:28:21,617 --> 00:28:24,768
The ibex too fast.
183
00:28:27,273 --> 00:28:31,241
Now all the animals in
the valley know he's here.
184
00:28:31,911 --> 00:28:35,913
And he's burnt precious energy.
185
00:28:39,769 --> 00:28:42,536
These are desperate times.
186
00:28:43,500 --> 00:28:45,139
If he's to see winter through,
187
00:28:45,241 --> 00:28:48,509
He may have to
take bigger risks.
188
00:28:55,267 --> 00:28:58,180
Throughout the mountains
of the northern hemisphere,
189
00:28:58,104 --> 00:29:01,138
Winter's grip is tightening.
190
00:29:03,743 --> 00:29:07,311
Animals must make the most of
any last opportunity before.
191
00:29:07,413 --> 00:29:11,315
Conditions drive
them to take shelter.
192
00:29:14,837 --> 00:29:18,672
Far above, planetary forces
are on a collision course.
193
00:29:20,509 --> 00:29:22,910
A river of air, the jet stream,
194
00:29:23,120 --> 00:29:26,246
Flows around the north pole.
195
00:29:26,348 --> 00:29:31,168
At its center, sits a
mass of cold arctic air.
196
00:29:32,972 --> 00:29:37,307
But now a warming upper atmosphere
is slowing the jet stream.
197
00:29:37,409 --> 00:29:41,111
And the cold air can escape.
198
00:29:45,668 --> 00:29:47,968
By the time it hits the rockies,
199
00:29:48,700 --> 00:29:51,505
It's grown into a mega storm.
200
00:29:52,107 --> 00:29:55,142
Freezing everything in its path.
201
00:30:08,207 --> 00:30:11,475
Bear: In the depths of winter,
extreme storms rage across
202
00:30:11,577 --> 00:30:14,278
Canada and the usa.
203
00:30:14,980 --> 00:30:16,713
Freezing temperatures,
204
00:30:16,816 --> 00:30:20,334
Wind speeds of up to
150 miles per hour.
205
00:30:21,837 --> 00:30:26,600
Now, even the toughest animals
are at their limit of survival.
206
00:30:50,416 --> 00:30:54,670
The storms may have passed,
but there is hidden danger.
207
00:30:54,169 --> 00:30:56,837
In this landscape.
208
00:31:06,480 --> 00:31:09,700
Winter storms have buried
this area of british columbia.
209
00:31:09,802 --> 00:31:13,503
Under nearly 40 feet of snow.
210
00:31:14,907 --> 00:31:18,408
But if temperatures
rise above freezing,
211
00:31:19,780 --> 00:31:22,790
It can have lethal consequences.
212
00:31:37,790 --> 00:31:40,314
On the high ridges, wind
driven snow has created.
213
00:31:40,416 --> 00:31:44,701
Huge overhangs,
some 25 feet thick.
214
00:31:50,750 --> 00:31:53,310
The longer the temperatures
stay above freezing,
215
00:31:53,412 --> 00:31:56,980
The more the snow pack weakens.
216
00:32:53,105 --> 00:32:56,773
Soon, tens of thousands of
tons of snow are traveling.
217
00:32:56,875 --> 00:33:00,227
Up to 80 miles an hour.
218
00:33:09,338 --> 00:33:12,773
As weather patterns change,
avalanches across the world.
219
00:33:12,875 --> 00:33:15,642
Are growing bigger.
220
00:33:53,615 --> 00:33:57,234
The more erratic and severe
mountain winters become,
221
00:33:57,336 --> 00:34:01,271
The more victims they'll claim.
222
00:34:11,283 --> 00:34:15,102
But some are still succeeding
in this harsh world.
223
00:34:19,775 --> 00:34:23,810
Golden eagles live in almost
every mountain range in the.
224
00:34:23,912 --> 00:34:26,680
Northern hemisphere.
225
00:34:45,467 --> 00:34:49,136
They endure the alpine winter
by using the brutal conditions.
226
00:34:49,238 --> 00:34:52,205
To their advantage.
227
00:34:59,515 --> 00:35:03,800
Like all golden eagles, this
female has a special sensory.
228
00:35:03,902 --> 00:35:07,571
Organ that detects
change in air pressure,
229
00:35:08,600 --> 00:35:11,908
Allowing her to locate air
currents rising off ridges.
230
00:35:17,316 --> 00:35:22,502
With her seven foot wingspan,
she can climb to over 11,000 feet.
231
00:35:26,642 --> 00:35:32,479
Then, to get to the next peak,
she folds her wings and dives.
232
00:35:48,197 --> 00:35:52,820
With a top speed of
150 miles per hour,
233
00:35:52,151 --> 00:35:55,902
She's one of the fastest
animals on the planet.
234
00:36:06,480 --> 00:36:10,133
It looks effortless,
and it needs to be.
235
00:36:13,472 --> 00:36:16,973
A golden eagle may cover
100 miles a day scouring.
236
00:36:17,750 --> 00:36:20,744
The slopes for any opportunity.
237
00:36:33,375 --> 00:36:36,910
A flock of ravens
is a good sign.
238
00:36:50,909 --> 00:36:53,944
During winter, golden eagles
are forced to scavenge
239
00:36:54,460 --> 00:36:56,713
90% of their food.
240
00:37:07,943 --> 00:37:13,880
If finding food is hard,
keeping it is even harder.
241
00:37:30,115 --> 00:37:33,733
A carcass like this
attracts a lot of attention.
242
00:38:01,280 --> 00:38:04,848
This male is powerful.
243
00:38:05,384 --> 00:38:08,468
And eagles don't share.
244
00:38:22,868 --> 00:38:25,502
Another brutal storm.
245
00:38:25,604 --> 00:38:29,172
This could be the last
chance to feed for days.
246
00:38:30,542 --> 00:38:33,376
Starvation is a serious threat.
247
00:38:33,478 --> 00:38:37,113
Only a quarter of young eagles
will survive to reach maturity.
248
00:38:38,350 --> 00:38:41,801
Will it be him or her?
249
00:38:55,217 --> 00:38:59,336
Attacking from the air
gives her the advantage.
250
00:39:16,738 --> 00:39:20,206
But her victory is short lived.
251
00:39:26,480 --> 00:39:29,699
Now both eagles may be
fighting for their lives.
252
00:39:39,144 --> 00:39:42,212
Bear: In the peaks of norway,
two golden eagles are fighting.
253
00:39:42,314 --> 00:39:44,614
For a chance to feed.
254
00:39:47,269 --> 00:39:50,370
Both are desperate.
255
00:39:56,778 --> 00:39:59,913
The female stands her ground.
256
00:40:02,768 --> 00:40:06,503
But the male is not done.
257
00:40:25,107 --> 00:40:28,341
Each eagle is armed
with two inch talons.
258
00:40:29,244 --> 00:40:32,245
These fights can be deadly.
259
00:40:44,743 --> 00:40:47,877
Her kick was decisive.
260
00:40:50,182 --> 00:40:52,832
What's left of the frozen
flesh may be just enough.
261
00:40:52,934 --> 00:40:56,690
To keep her alive.
262
00:41:02,344 --> 00:41:07,313
But this harsh winter will drive
others to even greater extremes.
263
00:41:27,135 --> 00:41:31,821
This snow leopard's relentless
search for food continues.
264
00:41:37,846 --> 00:41:40,880
Following the scent
of prey has drawn him.
265
00:41:40,982 --> 00:41:43,766
To the edge of his territory,
266
00:41:48,600 --> 00:41:51,407
And into a steep ravine.
267
00:42:00,680 --> 00:42:02,835
Blue sheep.
268
00:42:09,711 --> 00:42:13,379
The broken rock
provides good cover.
269
00:42:18,203 --> 00:42:22,705
But this is difficult terrain.
270
00:42:47,882 --> 00:42:53,303
Now, he must let
them come to him.
271
00:43:32,944 --> 00:43:39,282
♪ ♪
272
00:44:08,847 --> 00:44:13,333
A 200 foot fall,
never letting go.
273
00:44:27,480 --> 00:44:31,300
Finally, the snow
leopard can eat his fill.
274
00:44:46,101 --> 00:44:50,136
But success has
come at huge cost.
275
00:44:56,378 --> 00:44:59,145
He's badly injured.
276
00:45:04,235 --> 00:45:08,304
For a hunter that
lives by its agility,
277
00:45:08,406 --> 00:45:11,541
This could be fatal.
278
00:45:26,908 --> 00:45:30,843
The challenges of survival up
here at altitude is so extreme.
279
00:45:30,945 --> 00:45:35,415
That it seems near impossible
that anything can make it.
280
00:45:35,517 --> 00:45:40,903
But the resilience of mountain
animals is near miraculous.
281
00:45:49,180 --> 00:45:53,499
Incredibly, just
three days later,
282
00:45:56,438 --> 00:46:01,174
We filmed the same snow
leopard back on its feet.
283
00:46:01,676 --> 00:46:04,577
Hunting again.
284
00:46:08,917 --> 00:46:11,901
It takes true grit to
survive in these desolate,
285
00:46:12,300 --> 00:46:14,700
Unforgiving landscapes.
286
00:46:14,172 --> 00:46:17,573
But, somehow animals
still manage to triumph,
287
00:46:17,675 --> 00:46:21,377
To find shelter,
food and, perhaps,
288
00:46:21,479 --> 00:46:25,114
Most importantly, each other.
289
00:46:34,642 --> 00:46:37,743
Against all odds, snow
leopards are still breeding.
290
00:46:37,846 --> 00:46:41,147
Here in the himalayas.
291
00:46:43,168 --> 00:46:46,235
They are living proof of
mountain animals amazing.
292
00:46:46,337 --> 00:46:49,906
Ability to succeed
in a changing world.
293
00:46:56,848 --> 00:47:00,666
Their offspring will be
the hope for the future.
294
00:47:18,703 --> 00:47:20,263
Captioned by cotter
captioning services.
20709
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