All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S07E19.1080p.WEB.h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU'RE WATCHING

TELEVISION THAT IS EDUCATIONAL
AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HI EVERYONE, I'M DYLAN
DREYER, AND WE ARE HEADING OUT

TO EXPLORE EUROPE'S WILD PLACES.

THIS IS EARTH ODYSSEY.

COMING UP, THESE FEISTY FELLOWS
ARE FIGHTING FOR THE HIGH GROUND

IN A BATTLE ROYALE.

AND FOR THIS LITTLE ONE, KEEPING
SAFE MEANS KEEPING PERFECTLY

STILL.

PLUS, WHAT IT'S LIKE TO LIVE
SEMI-WILD IN THE SOUTH OF

FRANCE.

AND THIS IS NO ORDINARY
PREDATOR, BUT JUST WHO IS EATING

WHOM?

THESE WILDLIFE STORIES AND MUCH
MORE, JUST AHEAD ON EARTH

ODYSSEY.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: FROM THE MOUNTAINS TO THE
MEDITERRANEAN SEA, EUROPE IS

HOME TO A SURPRISING NUMBER OF
WILD ANIMALS.

THOUSANDS OF YEARS OF
CIVILIZATION HAVE DIMINISHED THE

GREAT FORESTS, BUT HIGH IN THE
ALPINE WOODS, ONE SPECIES HAS

MASTERED THE ART OF SURVIVAL BY
KNOWING EXACTLY WHEN TO MOVE AND

WHEN TO KEEP PERFECTLY STILL.

FOR MORE THAN 700 MILES, THE
EUROPEAN ALPS FORM A CONTINUOUS

CHAIN OF PEAKS AND CHASMS.

TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONS CAN
EXCEED 140 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT

BETWEEN SUN AND SHADE.

TO SURVIVE IN SUCH A DEMANDING
ENVIRONMENT, ANIMALS HAVE

EVOLVED IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PERFORMANCE OF THEIR BLOOD,

LUNGS, AND HEART.

IN WINTER, AT HIGH ALTITUDES,
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN

ANIMAL'S BODY TEMPERATURE AND
THE OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE CAN BE

MORE THAN 160 DEGREES
FAHRENHEIT.

THE THICK FUR OF THE IBEX, AN
ICONIC WILD GOAT, CHANGES WITH

THE SEASONS AND THE TEMPERATURE.

BY RAISING AND LOWERING THE
HAIRS OF ITS FUR COAT, THE

ANIMAL VARIES THE AMOUNT OF
TRAPPED AIR IT CONTAINS,

EFFECTIVELY REGULATING THE HEAT
THAT ESCAPES TO THE OUTSIDE.

IN THE LONG MONTHS WHEN FOOD
SOURCES ARE BOTH RARE AND ALSO

HAVE LITTLE NUTRITIONAL VALUE,
ANYTHING THAT ALLOWS THE SAVING

OF HEAT CAN PROVE TO BE VITAL.

EVEN FOXES LIVING AT HIGH
ALTITUDES HAVE A MUCH THICKER

COAT.

A EUROPEAN RED FOX CAN SIT FOR
HOURS PROTECTED FROM THE COLD.

HE CAN SURVIVE TEMPERATURES AS
LOW AS MINUS FIVE DEGREES

FAHRENHEIT.

BUT TO DO THAT, HE'LL HAVE TO
HIDE HIS FACE, THE PART LEAST

WELL-COVERED, BENEATH HIS TAIL.

IT MUST SAVE ENERGY FOR A STYLE
OF HUNTING THAT IS HIGHLY

DEMANDING, WANDERING
CONTINUOUSLY IN SEARCH OF

SOMETHING TO PUT IN ITS MOUTH.

DRIVEN BY HUNGER, HE'S CAUTIOUS,
BUT ALWAYS CURIOUS.

THIS VOLE HAS DOZENS OF HIDING
PLACES AND ESCAPE ROUTES UNDER

THE SNOW.

THE RED FOX'S HEARING IS SHARP
ENOUGH TO HEAR THE RODENTS

BURROWING UNDERGROUND, BUT NOT
TODAY.

DISAPPOINTMENTS ARE NOT UNUSUAL
IN THE SCARCITY OF WINTER.

BUT IT'S NOT ENOUGH FOR AN
ANIMAL JUST TO GROW A THICKER

COAT WHEN IT SNOWS.

A CHANGE OF SEASON BRINGS A
TRANSFORMATION IN THE

ENVIRONMENT SO DRAMATIC THAT ONE
INHABITANT OF HIGH ALTITUDES

NEEDS TO ALTER ITS PHYSICAL
APPEARANCE BY CHANGING COLOR.

THE ALPINE HARE MORPHS FROM
SUMMER GRAY TO WINTER WHITE.

ONLY THE TIPS OF ITS EARS REMAIN
BLACK.

IN HIS WINTER WHITE COAT, THE
HARE BECOMES LESS VISIBLE TO

PREDATORS, BUT EVEN MORE
IMPORTANTLY, IT IS BETTER

INSULATED.

EACH INDIVIDUAL WHITE HARE ON
ITS FUR COAT HAS MICROSCOPIC

SPACES FILLED WITH AIR, ACTING
AS INSULATION.

THIS EXTRA WARMTH REALLY HELPS
AT DUSK, THE ANIMAL'S MOST

ACTIVE PERIOD.

THE COLD AT NIGHT BECOMES MORE
PENETRATING.

THICK FUR ON HIS FEET FUNCTIONS
LIKE SNOWSHOES TO KEEP THE HARE

MOVING ON TOP OF THE DEEP SNOW.

THE SURVIVAL OF THIS ALPINE
ANIMAL DEPENDS ON THE PROTECTION

OFFERED BY A COAT THAT MUST BE
KEPT PERFECTLY GROOMED, EVEN

DOWN TO REMOVING TINY BALLS OF
SNOW THAT REMAIN ATTACHED.

WHEN DAY BREAKS, THE HARE MUST
REDOUBLE ITS ATTENTION.

EVEN THOUGH HE'S CAMOUFLAGED IN
WHITE AND HIGHLY ALERT, THE

SLIGHTEST OF MOVEMENTS CAN BE
SPOTTED BY THE MOST EFFICIENT

PREDATOR IN THIS ENVIRONMENT.

THE GOLDEN EAGLE.

UNLIKE RABBITS, HARES LIVE
ENTIRELY ABOVE GROUND WITHOUT A

BURROW FOR PROTECTION.

BUT TODAY IS THIS HARE'S LUCKY
DAY.

HE'LL KEEP HIS PLACE HIGH IN THE
ALPS WAITING FOR THE WARMTH OF

SPRING.

COMING UP, ON FRANCE'S
MEDITERRANEAN COAST, FLYING

MANES AND THUNDERING HOOVES MEAN
AN ANCIENT EQUINE CHALLENGE IS

ABOUT TO BEGIN.

[HORSE NEIGHING]

DYLAN: AND AFTER A WILDFIRE,
THIS PORTUGUESE NATIVE HAS AN

UNUSUAL SURVIVAL STRATEGY.

PLUS, FOR ONE ANIMAL, THE
HIGHEST CLIFF IS THE SAFEST

PLACE TO RAISE A FAMILY.

DON'T GO AWAY, EARTH ODYSSEY
WILL BE RIGHT BACK.

NARRATOR: WE'LL BE RIGHT BACK
TO THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO
THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IS
REPLENISHED BY MORE THAN TWO AND

A HALF MILLION GALLONS OF RIVER
WATER EVERY SECOND, MOSTLY FROM

THE RHONE RIVER.

THE RIVER FLOWS SOUTH FROM THE
ALPS THROUGH SWITZERLAND AND

FRANCE BEFORE REACHING THE
COAST.

THERE, IT FORMS THE CAMARGUE, A
BRACKISH WETLAND.

THE SIZE OF NEW YORK CITY WITH
ITS LAGOONS, MARSHES AND

GRASSLANDS, IT'S A UNIQUE HOME
FOR MORE THAN 500 DIFFERENT

ANIMALS.

HERE, SALT FLATS CAN TURN
INTO GRASSY MARSHES AND LONG

SWEEPING BEACHES, FULL OF
SALT RESISTANT PLANTS THAT ARE

PERFECT GRAZING FOR THOSE
BUILT FOR THIS TERRAIN.

THIS ANCIENT BREED IS PERFECTLY
ADAPTED FOR LIFE IN THE DELTA.

THE SMALL, GENTLE CAMARGUE
HORSES HAVE LIVED HERE FOR

MILLENNIA, AWAY FROM THE
PREDATORY WOLVES AND LYNX THAT

ROAM FARTHER INLAND.

[HORSE NEIGHING]

DYLAN: THEY'VE EVOLVED THE
ABILITY TO CLOSE THEIR NOSTRILS

TO KEEP OUT THE SALTY WATER AS
THEY FEED ON THE TOUGH,

NUTRITIOUS PLANTS THAT THRIVE IN
THE SALT MARSHES.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: BUT IN THIS SUMMER HEAT,
THE DOMINANT STALLION AND HIS

HERD ALSO NEED TO DRINK.

ALTHOUGH MOST FRESHWATER POOLS
HAVE DISAPPEARED, THE STALLION

KNOWS A RELIABLE WATER SOURCE.

ON THE FAR SIDE OF THE DELTA,
LONG LEGS HELP THE HORSES POWER

THROUGH THE TIDAL MARSHLAND.

THEIR WIDE HOOVES ARE UNIQUELY
ADAPTED TO THE BOGGY GROUND.

UNLIKE OTHER HORSES, THEY CAN
STAND FOR HOURS IN THE MARSH

WATER WITHOUT INJURY.

IT TURNS OUT THIS HORSE'S
FAVORITE WATERING HOLE IS NO

SECRET.

ANOTHER MALE HAS BEATEN THEM TO
IT.

THIS LONE STALLION HASN'T JUST
COME FOR A DRINK, HE'S LOOKING

FOR A MATE.

THAT MEANS COMPETING WITH
THE HERD'S ALPHA MALE.

BUT THE RULING STALLION IS
BATTLE-HARDENED AND WEIGHS MORE

THAN 800 POUNDS.

HE WON'T GIVE UP WITHOUT A
FIGHT.

THESE STURDY HORSES HAVE A
COMPACT BODY WITH POWERFUL

CHESTS.

BITING AND KICKING THESE CLASHES
CAN INFLICT SERIOUS INJURIES.

[HORSE NEIGHING, WATER
SPLASHING]

DYLAN: BUT THERE CAN ONLY BE ONE
KING.

DEFEATED, THE OUTSIDER RETREATS.

IT WON'T BE THE LAST CHALLENGE
FOR THIS STALLION'S CROWN, BUT

WITH HIS HERD SECURED, HE
FINALLY ENJOYS THE DRINK HE CAME

FOR.

THE CAMARGUE HORSES HAVE
INSPIRED LOCALS AND VISITORS FOR

THOUSANDS OF YEARS.

NAPOLEON CHOSE THEM TO SERVE IN
THE FRENCH ARMY,

AND THEY CLOSELY RESEMBLE AN
EXTINCT STONE AGE HORSE FOUND IN

FAMOUS CAVE PAINTINGS.

TODAY, SOME OF THEM LIVE WILD IN
A PROTECTED BIOSPHERE.

OTHERS ARE SEMI-FERAL AND USED
AS WORKING HORSES.

BUT ALL OF THEM ARE ADMIRED HERE
AS A SYMBOL OF RESILIENCE,

STURDY CREATURES FLOURISHING IN
AN UNFORGIVING LANDSCAPE.

COMING UP, YOU CAN'T TELL BY
LOOKING, BUT THIS UNUSUAL MEAT

EATER IS BITING ITS TIME BEFORE
ITS NEXT MEAL.

AND JUST HOW DO THESE EXPERT
MOUNTAIN CLIMBERS DO IT?

WHEN EARTH ODYSSEY RETURNS.

NARRATOR: WE'LL BE RIGHT BACK
TO THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO
THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: IN THE ARID MEDITERRANEAN
REGION, DROUGHT AND WILDFIRE CAN

THREATEN A FRAGILE ECOSYSTEM,
BUT SOME ORGANISMS THRIVE AFTER

FIRE AND HEAT, INCLUDING A VERY
UNUSUAL PLANT THAT'S ACTUALLY A

PREDATOR.

TAKE A LOOK.

AS WEATHER PATTERNS CHANGE, MANY
PARTS OF SPAIN AND PORTUGAL NOW

GO FOR MONTHS WITHOUT RAIN.

AND AS SUMMER TEMPERATURES RISE,

GRASS AND WOODLANDS CAN IGNITE.

THE BLAZING SCRUB CAN BURN AT
2000 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.

[FIRE CRACKLING]

DYLAN: AND WHILE FIRES ARE
DEVASTATING TO MANY SPECIES,

SOME DEPEND ON IT.

THIS LAND THAT WAS SCORCHED BY
FIRE A YEAR AGO HAS HAD A

REVIVAL.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THE EXTREME HEAT TRIGGERS
PORTUGUESE SUNDEW SEEDS TO

GERMINATE.

THIS RESILIENT PLANT IS FOUND
ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY ON LAND

DECIMATED BY FIRE.

BUT THE POOR QUALITY OF THE SOIL
MEANS THIS PLANT MUST GET ITS

NUTRIENTS ELSEWHERE.

SO IT RELEASES A SWEET SMELL,
LURING INSECTS TO COME CLOSER.

BUT THAT CAN BE A FATAL MISTAKE.

THE PORTUGUESE SUNDEW IS A
CARNIVORE, A PERFECT PREDATORY

PLANT.

STICKY GLOBULES ARE SECRETED
FROM SPECIAL GLANDS, AND THE

MORE THE INSECT MOVES, THE MORE
ENSNARED IN THE PLANT IT

BECOMES.

ENZYMES DISSOLVE THE VICTIM SO
THE PLANT CAN ABSORB ITS

NUTRIENTS.

DIGESTION CAN TAKE SEVERAL DAYS.

IT MIGHT BE NUTRITIOUS, BUT IT'S
NOT A PRETTY SIGHT.

PORTUGUESE SUNDEW PREFER DRY
REGIONS WHERE FIRES COME EVERY

YEAR.

BUT MOST PREDATORY PLANTS PREFER
MOIST OR TROPICAL HABITATS.

IN FACT, THERE ARE MORE THAN 700
OTHER CARNIVOROUS PLANT SPECIES

ON EARTH JUST WAITING FOR THEIR
NEXT MEAL.

COMING UP, LEARNING THE SCALE OF
SHEER CLIFF ISN'T EASY, EVEN FOR

A BILLY GOAT.

BUT THE VIEW IS MAGNIFICENT.

THE BIG PICTURE IS STILL TO COME
WHEN EARTH ODYSSEY RETURNS.

NARRATOR: WE'LL BE RIGHT BACK
TO THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO
THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: SURROUNDING THE
SPECIES-RICH WATERS OF THE

MEDITERRANEAN, 28,500 MILES
OF COASTLINE CURVE AROUND

22 COUNTRIES ACROSS
AFRICA, EUROPE, AND ASIA.

RUGGED SHORELINES,

ISOLATED COVES,

PRISTINE BEACHES, AND TOWERING
SEA CLIFFS DEFINE THE WESTERN

MEDITERRANEAN COAST.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: LIVING HERE REQUIRES
CLIMBING SKILLS USUALLY ADAPTED

FOR MOUNTAINS.

BUT IT'S THE PERFECT SEASONAL
TERRITORY FOR THE IBERIAN IBEX.

A MATURE MALE AND HIS FEMALE
HERD ARE USUALLY FOUND HIGH UP

IN THE SURROUNDING MOUNTAIN
RANGES.

BUT IT'S WINTER AND THE COAST'S
WARMER WEATHER AND VEGETATION

HAVE BROUGHT THESE WILD GOATS
HERE.

PLANTS HERE ARE SPECIALLY
ADAPTED TO THE SALINE

ENVIRONMENT AND ARE HIGH IN
SALT, AN ESSENTIAL BUT OFTEN

HARD TO FIND MINERAL.

THE DRAMATIC LANDSCAPE IS ALSO A
SAFE PLACE TO RAISE THEIR YOUNG

AS FEW PREDATORS CAN SCALE THE
CLIFFS.

THESE HUGE HORNS ADVERTISE
THE ALPHA MALE'S STATUS.

THE BREEDING SEASON IS ALMOST
OVER, BUT THERE'S STILL TIME FOR

A CHALLENGE.

THE 170-POUND MALE PATROLS HIS
TERRITORY.

SHORT LEGS AND LARGE, FLEXIBLE
HOOVES ALLOW THIS WILD GOAT TO

CLIMB THE SEA CLIFFS WITH EASE.

HIS HOOVES ACTUALLY EXPAND AND
RETRACT LIKE SUCTION CUPS,

HELPING HIM GET A FOOTHOLD.

FROM UP HERE, HE CAN SURVEY HIS
TERRITORY AND LOOK FOR

TRESPASSERS.

A YOUNG BACHELOR.

THIS MEANS ONE MORE FIGHT FOR
THE ALPHA MALE TO HOLD ON TO HIS

POSITION.

THE BATTLE-WORN MALE KEEPS THE
HIGH GROUND, FORCING HIS

OPPONENT DOWNHILL.

HE'S RULED THESE CLIFFS FOR MORE
THAN A DECADE AND IS DETERMINED

NOT TO GIVE IT ALL UP TODAY.

THE YOUNG CONTENDER IS
OUTMATCHED.

THIS ALPHA MALE WILL KEEP HIS
BREEDING RIGHTS, AT LEAST UNTIL

THE SAME TIME NEXT YEAR.

UNTIL THEN, HE'LL LIVE ALONE OR
IN A BACHELOR HERD OF MALES

CALLED BUCKS OR BILLY GOATS.

IT'S THE FEMALES, KNOWN AS DOES
OR NANNY GOATS, WHO FEED AND

LEAD THE KIDS THROUGHOUT THE
YEAR SO THAT THIS VENERABLE

SPECIES CAN KEEP ITS MAJESTIC
PLACE IN THE IBERIAN MOUNTAINS.

TODAY, WE'VE SEEN HOW THE WILDER
PARTS OF EUROPE STILL NURTURE A

REMARKABLE VARIETY OF ANIMALS.

INCREASINGLY, EUROPE'S NATIVE
SPECIES ARE FINDING NEW LIFE AND

SHELTER IN DESIGNATED NATURE
PRESERVES AND HABITATS.

THANKS FOR WATCHING.

I'M DYLAN DREYER.

PLEASE JOIN US AGAIN NEXT WEEK
ON EARTH ODYSSEY.

[MUSIC]