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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:07,760 --> 00:00:12,240 A complex that hosted an unlikely Cold War matchup... 2 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:16,000 It was a real barn burner. 3 00:00:16,040 --> 00:00:18,440 The fact that the Soviets could match them 4 00:00:18,480 --> 00:00:20,040 is really quite impressive. 5 00:00:21,680 --> 00:00:24,480 ..a British mine caught up in a battle 6 00:00:24,520 --> 00:00:27,560 between trade unions and the Iron Lady... 7 00:00:28,920 --> 00:00:32,880 She was determined to use every weapon in her arsenal to crush them. 8 00:00:35,800 --> 00:00:38,200 ..a Gothic tower in Memphis, 9 00:00:38,240 --> 00:00:40,080 plagued from its inception... 10 00:00:42,040 --> 00:00:44,720 This is where they made a crucial mistake, 11 00:00:44,760 --> 00:00:48,920 and it was one that would haunt the building for the rest of its life. 12 00:00:51,800 --> 00:00:55,000 ..and a sprawling jungle retreat in Malaysia, 13 00:00:55,040 --> 00:00:57,720 once fit for royalty. 14 00:00:57,760 --> 00:00:59,480 After an unexpected tragedy, 15 00:00:59,520 --> 00:01:01,040 his creation would be shattered, 16 00:01:01,080 --> 00:01:03,120 and there was no-one there to pick up the pieces. 17 00:01:13,680 --> 00:01:16,720 In Vilnius, Lithuania's capital, 18 00:01:16,760 --> 00:01:19,200 a derelict structure evokes memories 19 00:01:19,240 --> 00:01:21,560 of a remarkable sporting moment. 20 00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:29,280 We come across this plaza, 21 00:01:29,320 --> 00:01:31,600 but it's kind of falling apart. 22 00:01:32,880 --> 00:01:35,160 Looming over all of it is a grand building 23 00:01:35,200 --> 00:01:37,600 with a very distinctive design, 24 00:01:37,640 --> 00:01:41,400 almost like a spaceship that's come and landed here. 25 00:01:41,440 --> 00:01:42,760 It's concrete, 26 00:01:42,800 --> 00:01:44,880 it's brutalist in style. 27 00:01:44,920 --> 00:01:47,320 It has all the feelings of a Soviet building. 28 00:01:48,360 --> 00:01:52,600 Inside, it quickly becomes apparent that this is an arena. 29 00:01:55,000 --> 00:02:00,000 In some ways, it recalls a little bit Lincoln Center in New York City, 30 00:02:00,040 --> 00:02:03,480 the Great Concert Hall, or even the Sydney Opera House. 31 00:02:03,520 --> 00:02:06,920 This is a building with real aspirations for greatness. 32 00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:11,640 Built to showcase Soviet excellence, 33 00:02:11,680 --> 00:02:14,120 an American billionaire ensured it would host 34 00:02:14,160 --> 00:02:16,600 a unique Cold War showdown. 35 00:02:18,240 --> 00:02:20,240 Landing deep behind enemy lines, 36 00:02:20,280 --> 00:02:23,680 this group of Americans were treated as heroes. 37 00:02:25,320 --> 00:02:26,440 The players must've thought 38 00:02:26,480 --> 00:02:28,800 this was the strangest thing they'd ever seen. 39 00:02:38,440 --> 00:02:40,760 July, 1988... 40 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:45,600 ..thousands of Lithuanians gather outside the building, 41 00:02:45,640 --> 00:02:47,120 filling the plaza. 42 00:02:56,160 --> 00:02:58,840 But these weren't protesters, 43 00:02:58,880 --> 00:03:00,640 they were basketball fans... 44 00:03:02,080 --> 00:03:06,320 ..desperate to get inside and catch a glimpse of NBA superstars 45 00:03:06,360 --> 00:03:09,280 making a rare appearance behind the Iron Curtain. 46 00:03:12,040 --> 00:03:15,320 Gintaras Krapikas was one of the lucky ones. 47 00:03:36,880 --> 00:03:40,320 But how did an NBA team come to play in this arena 48 00:03:40,360 --> 00:03:41,920 during the Cold War? 49 00:03:46,080 --> 00:03:49,480 Its seeds were sown back in the 1920s, 50 00:03:49,520 --> 00:03:53,600 when Lithuanian Americans imported basketball into the country. 51 00:03:55,560 --> 00:03:57,600 Journalist Vidas Maciulis 52 00:03:57,640 --> 00:04:01,200 has been covering the nation's favourite game for 60 years. 53 00:04:15,240 --> 00:04:17,760 The sport caught on so quickly, 54 00:04:17,800 --> 00:04:23,680 Lithuania was crowned European champions in 1937 and 1939... 55 00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:28,000 ..but these glory days were soon cut short. 56 00:04:31,560 --> 00:04:35,120 In 1940, shortly after World War II had broken out, 57 00:04:35,160 --> 00:04:37,560 the Soviet Union occupied Lithuania, 58 00:04:37,600 --> 00:04:39,600 and the national team was absorbed 59 00:04:39,640 --> 00:04:40,920 into the Soviet system. 60 00:04:42,520 --> 00:04:44,640 By the mid-1960s, 61 00:04:44,680 --> 00:04:47,680 Soviet communism reached its zenith. 62 00:04:49,120 --> 00:04:52,640 The Soviets were ahead in spaceflight. 63 00:04:52,680 --> 00:04:55,320 Their political system seemed to be gaining power 64 00:04:55,360 --> 00:04:56,840 around the world. 65 00:04:56,880 --> 00:04:59,720 Their sports teams were some of the best in the world. 66 00:05:02,040 --> 00:05:05,480 The Soviet leaders really wanted to project this image of success 67 00:05:05,520 --> 00:05:07,960 to the rest of the world and to their own citizens. 68 00:05:09,480 --> 00:05:12,400 And they embarked on a series of ambitious projects 69 00:05:12,440 --> 00:05:13,920 across its empire. 70 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:20,360 Here in Lithuania, construction began in 1965 on this, 71 00:05:20,400 --> 00:05:24,000 the Vilnius Palace of Concerts and Sports. 72 00:05:26,560 --> 00:05:29,880 It hosted a range of events and sports, 73 00:05:29,920 --> 00:05:32,960 including the country's beloved basketball. 74 00:05:47,600 --> 00:05:50,360 Sitting alongside Soviet leaders, 75 00:05:50,400 --> 00:05:53,680 it wasn't always the most relaxed atmosphere. 76 00:06:14,160 --> 00:06:16,960 In the 1980s, with the Cold War beginning to thaw, 77 00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:21,240 the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev instituted a series of reforms 78 00:06:21,280 --> 00:06:24,800 that promoted a new level of transparency and openness 79 00:06:24,840 --> 00:06:26,120 across the Soviet Union. 80 00:06:28,240 --> 00:06:32,160 Gorbachev chose to release the pressure where he could, 81 00:06:32,200 --> 00:06:34,800 almost like letting some steam out of a boiler 82 00:06:34,840 --> 00:06:36,680 that's close to exploding. 83 00:06:36,720 --> 00:06:39,600 So he began to allow cultural exchanges. 84 00:06:41,280 --> 00:06:43,840 In the United States, Ted Turner, 85 00:06:43,880 --> 00:06:46,800 a media mogul and owner of the Atlanta Hawks, 86 00:06:46,840 --> 00:06:50,160 was closely watching international affairs. 87 00:06:50,200 --> 00:06:54,720 Turner was a real character, real entrepreneur. 88 00:06:54,760 --> 00:06:59,120 With CNN, he invented the whole idea of 24-hour cable news, 89 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:01,880 and he had a real idealistic streak. 90 00:07:01,920 --> 00:07:06,760 And he especially was focused on doing what he could 91 00:07:06,800 --> 00:07:08,560 to sort of bridge this divide 92 00:07:08,600 --> 00:07:12,080 between the West and the Soviet Union. 93 00:07:12,120 --> 00:07:15,920 In 1988, the Atlanta Hawks set off to cross the Iron Curtain 94 00:07:15,960 --> 00:07:18,400 and play a series of three exhibition matches 95 00:07:18,440 --> 00:07:20,080 against the Soviet national team. 96 00:07:22,080 --> 00:07:26,120 The second of the three matches would take place here. 97 00:07:26,160 --> 00:07:30,080 Excitement spread throughout the basketball-crazed nation. 98 00:07:50,800 --> 00:07:53,840 Although the arena only held 5,000, 99 00:07:53,880 --> 00:07:56,920 over 1,000,000 people competed for tickets. 100 00:07:58,240 --> 00:08:00,720 In fact, it's said that they went for the equivalent 101 00:08:00,760 --> 00:08:04,160 of a month's wages on the black market. 102 00:08:04,200 --> 00:08:06,560 So the authorities decided to also sell tickets 103 00:08:06,600 --> 00:08:09,240 to the practice sessions. 104 00:08:09,280 --> 00:08:12,720 And the citizens of Vilnius just packed the stands, 105 00:08:12,760 --> 00:08:14,960 watching these players practice 106 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:16,360 in absolute silence. 107 00:08:16,400 --> 00:08:18,800 It was as if they were in church. 108 00:08:18,840 --> 00:08:19,960 The players must've thought 109 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:22,320 this was the strangest thing they'd ever seen. JIM LAUGHS 110 00:08:24,560 --> 00:08:27,840 On the 27th of July, 1988, 111 00:08:27,880 --> 00:08:30,880 the two teams stepped out onto this court 112 00:08:30,920 --> 00:08:34,280 for the much-anticipated showdown. 113 00:08:34,320 --> 00:08:35,880 It was a real barn burner. 114 00:08:37,640 --> 00:08:39,880 This was a real hard-fought competition. 115 00:08:39,920 --> 00:08:43,960 This Soviet team, these guys were not pushovers. 116 00:08:44,000 --> 00:08:48,040 On the Atlanta Hawks team was All-Star Dominique Wilkins, 117 00:08:48,080 --> 00:08:51,480 one of the greatest slam dunkers in NBA history. 118 00:09:10,360 --> 00:09:13,240 But the Soviet team just kept coming back. 119 00:09:13,280 --> 00:09:15,280 They were known for their extraordinary level 120 00:09:15,320 --> 00:09:17,200 of physical conditioning. 121 00:09:17,240 --> 00:09:19,080 After a nail-biting match, 122 00:09:19,120 --> 00:09:20,880 the buzzer went, ending the game, 123 00:09:20,920 --> 00:09:23,640 and the score was knotted at 92-92. 124 00:09:27,160 --> 00:09:29,560 Now it was time for another shock for the American team. 125 00:09:31,880 --> 00:09:34,040 The Soviets thought, "OK, that's fine. 126 00:09:34,080 --> 00:09:35,920 "The game's a tie. Isn't that nice?" 127 00:09:35,960 --> 00:09:38,680 And the Americans were saying, 128 00:09:38,720 --> 00:09:40,760 "There's no ties in basketball." 129 00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:45,240 Eventually, the Soviets relented, 130 00:09:45,280 --> 00:09:47,720 and they agreed to extend the match into overtime. 131 00:09:49,280 --> 00:09:53,120 At this point, NBA legend Dominique Wilkins 132 00:09:53,160 --> 00:09:54,640 took the initiative. 133 00:10:12,960 --> 00:10:17,800 The final score was Hawks 110, USSR 105. 134 00:10:21,640 --> 00:10:25,080 The Hawks' victory was a highlight for this stadium... 135 00:10:26,280 --> 00:10:29,560 ..but soon after, the Palace became the focal point 136 00:10:29,600 --> 00:10:32,480 for a rising independence movement. 137 00:10:32,520 --> 00:10:35,600 Two years after this infamous match, 138 00:10:35,640 --> 00:10:39,440 the Soviet house of cards came tumbling down. 139 00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:41,920 PROTESTERS CHANT IN LITHUANIAN 140 00:10:41,960 --> 00:10:44,480 After the fall of the Soviet Union, 141 00:10:44,520 --> 00:10:47,040 Lithuania is broke. 142 00:10:47,080 --> 00:10:49,680 And they don't have the money to support 143 00:10:49,720 --> 00:10:52,880 their reconstructed national basketball team. 144 00:10:53,960 --> 00:10:56,160 The 1992 Olympics were coming up, 145 00:10:56,200 --> 00:10:59,560 and it was the first time in almost half a century 146 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:03,160 for Lithuania to play its favourite national sport 147 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:04,720 as an independent country. 148 00:11:06,120 --> 00:11:08,080 Gintaras was one of the players 149 00:11:08,120 --> 00:11:10,720 who answered the fledgling nation's call. 150 00:11:21,840 --> 00:11:23,960 As well as playing for free, 151 00:11:24,000 --> 00:11:26,360 the team desperately searched for sponsors 152 00:11:26,400 --> 00:11:28,160 to help them fulfil their dreams 153 00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:31,560 of representing Lithuania at the Olympics. 154 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:38,120 And this becomes kind of a cause celebre for many people in the US. 155 00:11:38,160 --> 00:11:40,440 A lot of NBA players 156 00:11:40,480 --> 00:11:43,240 thought very fondly of the Lithuanians and their team, 157 00:11:43,280 --> 00:11:46,360 so they lobbied to raise money to help them compete. 158 00:11:47,560 --> 00:11:49,240 The Grateful Dead of all bands 159 00:11:49,280 --> 00:11:52,680 takes an interest in the plight of the Lithuanian team. 160 00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:55,440 They contribute money for new uniforms 161 00:11:55,480 --> 00:11:59,960 and hire a great designer to...to design this new kit. 162 00:12:14,320 --> 00:12:17,120 At the Olympics, the Lithuanian team did really well. 163 00:12:17,160 --> 00:12:19,880 They made it all the way to the semifinals. 164 00:12:19,920 --> 00:12:22,680 It's only when they come up against the American dream team 165 00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:23,920 that they're defeated. 166 00:12:23,960 --> 00:12:25,920 In the end, they came away with a bronze. 167 00:12:50,040 --> 00:12:53,920 This was a turning point for Lithuanian basketball players, 168 00:12:53,960 --> 00:12:56,680 proving themselves on an international stage. 169 00:12:58,560 --> 00:13:03,400 Arvydas Sabonis was one of the first Lithuanians to join the NBA. 170 00:13:04,760 --> 00:13:07,400 First drafted in 1986, 171 00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:11,240 the Soviets refused to let him leave for the US. 172 00:13:11,280 --> 00:13:13,440 It wasn't until nearly a decade later 173 00:13:13,480 --> 00:13:15,680 that he finally joined the league. 174 00:13:16,960 --> 00:13:21,800 But players like Sabonis helped pave the way for the many Lithuanians, 175 00:13:21,840 --> 00:13:25,600 including his son, to become NBA stars. 176 00:13:27,160 --> 00:13:31,760 And although the Palace fell into disrepair and closed in 2004, 177 00:13:31,800 --> 00:13:35,080 the match against the Atlanta Hawks is fondly remembered 178 00:13:35,120 --> 00:13:38,040 as the high point of this stadium's history. 179 00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:05,240 In the English village of Clipstone, 180 00:14:05,280 --> 00:14:07,880 a towering structure stirs memories 181 00:14:07,920 --> 00:14:10,680 of a fateful battle with a powerful leader. 182 00:14:16,440 --> 00:14:17,680 We're in the centre of England, 183 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:19,840 near the city of Nottingham. 184 00:14:19,880 --> 00:14:22,240 It feels quiet and rural. 185 00:14:24,040 --> 00:14:26,400 On what looks like the village green 186 00:14:26,440 --> 00:14:28,560 are two enormous metal monuments 187 00:14:28,600 --> 00:14:29,920 reaching into the sky. 188 00:14:31,360 --> 00:14:33,800 It feels quite odd that these vast structures 189 00:14:33,840 --> 00:14:36,760 are marooned in the middle of a field. 190 00:14:36,800 --> 00:14:40,400 Could this have once been part of a much larger operation? 191 00:14:42,760 --> 00:14:45,840 There is more to this structure than meets the eye, 192 00:14:45,880 --> 00:14:48,120 which goes deep underground. 193 00:14:50,480 --> 00:14:53,720 Directly beneath the tower is a large circular pad, 194 00:14:53,760 --> 00:14:55,480 possibly concealing something. 195 00:14:57,240 --> 00:15:00,960 Exploring this place, you'd have no idea of the riches 196 00:15:01,000 --> 00:15:02,800 that are buried beneath it 197 00:15:02,840 --> 00:15:05,760 or the controversies that would surround them. 198 00:15:08,360 --> 00:15:12,160 This structure symbolises one of the greatest social battles 199 00:15:12,200 --> 00:15:14,080 in Britain's history. 200 00:15:14,120 --> 00:15:17,920 It was a brutal fight between capitalism and socialism. 201 00:15:17,960 --> 00:15:20,800 Margaret Thatcher versus the trade unions. 202 00:15:22,520 --> 00:15:25,160 Many have never forgiven the Iron Lady. 203 00:15:30,760 --> 00:15:32,840 Clipstone local Doug Broadfoot 204 00:15:32,880 --> 00:15:36,760 remembers first hand the legacy of Margaret Thatcher. 205 00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:40,640 For nearly 30 years, he relied on this place for his livelihood. 206 00:15:41,680 --> 00:15:43,640 These structures, to me, 207 00:15:43,680 --> 00:15:47,520 it's a symbol of what this village was all about. 208 00:15:47,560 --> 00:15:48,840 I left school on the Friday, 209 00:15:48,880 --> 00:15:51,400 and then I...I started on the Monday. 210 00:15:52,640 --> 00:15:57,280 This was the main place of employment for...for the village. 211 00:15:57,320 --> 00:15:58,800 Apart from this, there was...there was nothing. 212 00:15:58,840 --> 00:16:00,720 There was just one or two local shops. 213 00:16:02,520 --> 00:16:04,440 When Doug first worked here, 214 00:16:04,480 --> 00:16:07,960 this was part of an industry Britain couldn't function without. 215 00:16:12,720 --> 00:16:16,560 Coal had powered the Industrial Revolution. 216 00:16:16,600 --> 00:16:19,280 And Britain had hundreds of coal mines, 217 00:16:19,320 --> 00:16:22,520 which were scattered across the land. 218 00:16:22,560 --> 00:16:24,960 So much so that in the 19th century, 219 00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:28,560 it was mining two-thirds of the world's coal. 220 00:16:29,960 --> 00:16:32,880 This is the Clipstone Colliery. 221 00:16:34,160 --> 00:16:36,680 When it opened in 1922, 222 00:16:36,720 --> 00:16:40,280 it proved to be a coal mining powerhouse. 223 00:16:44,040 --> 00:16:47,480 Entire communities sprung up around the mines, 224 00:16:47,520 --> 00:16:50,080 and were reliant on them for their livelihoods. 225 00:16:51,240 --> 00:16:55,240 It quickly became one of the most productive mines in Britain, 226 00:16:55,280 --> 00:16:59,360 extracting more than 4,000 tonnes per day by the 1940s. 227 00:17:01,440 --> 00:17:05,440 But this was also a period of profound change in the country. 228 00:17:07,000 --> 00:17:11,840 In 1947, as part of the post-Second World War shake-up, 229 00:17:11,880 --> 00:17:15,560 the coal industry was nationalised under the British government. 230 00:17:15,600 --> 00:17:19,000 The first day of a new era. 231 00:17:20,960 --> 00:17:23,760 Its new owner wouldn't always see eye to eye 232 00:17:23,800 --> 00:17:25,680 with the powerful trade union, 233 00:17:25,720 --> 00:17:28,200 which represented around 1,000,000 miners. 234 00:17:34,160 --> 00:17:36,960 The National Union of Mineworkers, or NUM, 235 00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:39,800 who had long represented miners across the country, 236 00:17:39,840 --> 00:17:41,440 supported the nationalisation... 237 00:17:42,840 --> 00:17:46,720 ..but eventually the two sides would come to an almighty clash. 238 00:17:47,960 --> 00:17:49,720 In the 1950s, 239 00:17:49,760 --> 00:17:52,120 these two giant towers, 240 00:17:52,160 --> 00:17:55,560 or headstocks, were installed. 241 00:17:55,600 --> 00:17:58,440 At the time, they were the tallest in Europe, 242 00:17:58,480 --> 00:18:01,520 and allowed access to deeper coal seams. 243 00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:09,080 So, 24 hours a day, these shafts were running continuously. 244 00:18:09,120 --> 00:18:10,640 It was 24/7 at the pits, 245 00:18:10,680 --> 00:18:12,040 so they had to keep everything going. 246 00:18:13,480 --> 00:18:18,400 An elevator could would take the men more than 900 metres underground. 247 00:18:20,480 --> 00:18:24,400 The elevator could travel up to 27mph. 248 00:18:24,440 --> 00:18:28,000 Just imagine hurtling at that speed for that long 249 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:30,560 down towards the centre of the Earth. 250 00:18:32,160 --> 00:18:34,400 And this is where we used to come at the start of the shift 251 00:18:34,440 --> 00:18:36,400 to go down the mine. 252 00:18:36,440 --> 00:18:38,360 For the first 20, 30 metres, 253 00:18:38,400 --> 00:18:39,400 you go nice and steady, 254 00:18:39,440 --> 00:18:41,400 then you went straight to full speed. 255 00:18:41,440 --> 00:18:44,280 You just had to keep swallowing now cos your ears would pop. 256 00:18:44,320 --> 00:18:46,120 Sometimes it was very cramped. 257 00:18:46,160 --> 00:18:48,320 If you were at the front, you're like sardines. 258 00:18:48,360 --> 00:18:51,560 Face was being pushed against the wire curtain at the front. 259 00:18:51,600 --> 00:18:55,840 Down in the mines, workers were regularly dicing with death. 260 00:18:55,880 --> 00:19:00,160 You could be killed by cave-ins, dangerous gases, fire, 261 00:19:00,200 --> 00:19:02,760 and even a condition called black lung. 262 00:19:04,200 --> 00:19:06,360 There was dangers lurking around every corner... 263 00:19:08,120 --> 00:19:11,840 ..so you had to be on your toes and alert. 264 00:19:13,120 --> 00:19:15,080 You looked after each other down there. 265 00:19:16,320 --> 00:19:19,960 Despite digging deeper to save their jobs, 266 00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:22,680 by the 1980s, Doug and his colleagues 267 00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:26,160 were increasingly in fear of the mine closing down. 268 00:19:27,960 --> 00:19:31,320 Coal was being replaced by new energy sources, 269 00:19:31,360 --> 00:19:34,240 such as nuclear, gas and oil. 270 00:19:35,800 --> 00:19:38,880 By 1984, the number of British miners 271 00:19:38,920 --> 00:19:42,360 had fallen from over 1,000,000 50 years earlier 272 00:19:42,400 --> 00:19:44,440 to barely 200,000. 273 00:19:46,960 --> 00:19:49,000 As the numbers of unemployed rose, 274 00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:52,000 the miners union was gradually becoming more radical 275 00:19:52,040 --> 00:19:53,160 in its outlook. 276 00:19:54,600 --> 00:19:57,360 More and more pits were being closed, 277 00:19:57,400 --> 00:19:59,800 setting the stage for an almighty war 278 00:19:59,840 --> 00:20:02,920 between the miners and a new prime minister 279 00:20:02,960 --> 00:20:04,800 famous for getting her own way. 280 00:20:08,800 --> 00:20:12,720 In 1979, Margaret Thatcher was elected prime minister. 281 00:20:12,760 --> 00:20:15,240 She planned to close inefficient mines 282 00:20:15,280 --> 00:20:17,920 and begin to depend on cheaper imports. 283 00:20:19,640 --> 00:20:23,120 She also believed that trade unions, like the NUM, 284 00:20:23,160 --> 00:20:25,040 had too much power. 285 00:20:26,480 --> 00:20:29,920 She became determined to break their influence. 286 00:20:31,560 --> 00:20:34,680 At that time, I wasn't really involved in unions, 287 00:20:34,720 --> 00:20:40,280 but I was starting to, you know, listen and take note. 288 00:20:40,320 --> 00:20:43,120 I was at an age where I've got young family, 289 00:20:43,160 --> 00:20:45,760 and I thought, "I'm gonna be on the scrapheap," 290 00:20:45,800 --> 00:20:49,080 cos most of the jobs round about here were...were mining. 291 00:20:49,120 --> 00:20:50,800 And that's when it...I thought, 292 00:20:50,840 --> 00:20:52,080 "There's gonna come a time 293 00:20:52,120 --> 00:20:55,080 "when we're gonna have to stand up and be counted." 294 00:20:56,560 --> 00:21:02,520 In March, 1984, Margaret Thatcher announced a new wave of pit closures, 295 00:21:02,560 --> 00:21:05,360 with the loss of 20,000 jobs, 296 00:21:05,400 --> 00:21:09,000 triggering a strike which quickly spread across the country. 297 00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:15,920 Miners arrived at Clipstone to find picket lines of strikers 298 00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:18,120 blocking them from going to work. 299 00:21:19,840 --> 00:21:23,800 And I came down, and, uh, there were some pickets there. 300 00:21:24,880 --> 00:21:28,640 And asked our support, and so I says, "Yeah," 301 00:21:28,680 --> 00:21:30,520 because we were fighting for the jobs. 302 00:21:30,560 --> 00:21:33,480 It wasn't just our job, it was their jobs as well. 303 00:21:34,640 --> 00:21:37,080 From then on, we didn't really look back. 304 00:21:39,200 --> 00:21:42,080 Three-quarters of miners across the country 305 00:21:42,120 --> 00:21:43,240 joined the strike... 306 00:21:44,920 --> 00:21:48,520 ..but at Clipstone, Doug himself was in the minority, 307 00:21:48,560 --> 00:21:50,880 as most chose to continue working. 308 00:21:54,320 --> 00:21:58,480 Thatcher seized on this by idolising the working miners, 309 00:21:58,520 --> 00:22:01,800 describing them as heroes who simply wanted to go to work 310 00:22:01,840 --> 00:22:05,320 rather than submit to the threats of the strikers. 311 00:22:05,360 --> 00:22:09,240 Reports appear of those who have been intimidated 312 00:22:09,280 --> 00:22:12,160 because they seek to go to their place of work, 313 00:22:12,200 --> 00:22:14,160 to pursue their occupation, 314 00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:16,400 and to support their families. CROWD APPLAUDS 315 00:22:18,920 --> 00:22:21,800 As well as attempting to divide the miners, 316 00:22:21,840 --> 00:22:24,240 Thatcher mobilised an army of police 317 00:22:24,280 --> 00:22:27,800 to crush the national strike and break the pickets. 318 00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:34,120 They set up roadblocks throughout Nottinghamshire 319 00:22:34,160 --> 00:22:37,200 to prevent any suspected strikers from travelling. 320 00:22:39,360 --> 00:22:43,680 Clipstone continued to operate under police protection, 321 00:22:43,720 --> 00:22:46,200 and the entire village was locked down. 322 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:51,960 There was literally hundreds and thousands of police 323 00:22:52,000 --> 00:22:53,000 in this area. 324 00:22:54,520 --> 00:22:56,080 It was absolutely flooded with police 325 00:22:56,120 --> 00:22:58,920 stopping the, uh, pickets coming in. 326 00:22:58,960 --> 00:23:01,280 And this was happening all over the country as well. 327 00:23:03,160 --> 00:23:05,920 Some criticise Thatcher for using the police 328 00:23:05,960 --> 00:23:08,160 as a paramilitary wing of the state. 329 00:23:10,120 --> 00:23:12,840 They weren't here to keep the law, 330 00:23:12,880 --> 00:23:16,480 they were here to make sure that those who wanted to work 331 00:23:16,520 --> 00:23:19,520 got into work and they kept producing coal. 332 00:23:19,560 --> 00:23:21,440 Nothing else. 333 00:23:21,480 --> 00:23:25,360 Scenes of violence played out on TV screens every night, 334 00:23:25,400 --> 00:23:27,120 shocking the British public. 335 00:23:28,720 --> 00:23:30,280 REPORTER:Nearly 300 were arrested 336 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:33,960 and more than 200 pickets and policemen injured. 337 00:23:34,000 --> 00:23:37,000 But an ugly streak of violence 338 00:23:37,040 --> 00:23:40,480 has disfigured our television screens night after night. 339 00:23:41,560 --> 00:23:45,800 Many strikers felt the police were unnecessarily brutal, 340 00:23:45,840 --> 00:23:48,760 with beatings and random arrests, 341 00:23:48,800 --> 00:23:51,200 something Doug personally witnessed. 342 00:23:53,720 --> 00:23:57,080 They got strikers sacked, arrested, 343 00:23:57,120 --> 00:23:58,400 for doing absolutely nothing, 344 00:23:58,440 --> 00:24:01,200 and some of them have never worked since. 345 00:24:01,240 --> 00:24:02,840 Some of the miners, 346 00:24:02,880 --> 00:24:07,120 their lives were ruined w-with injuries as well. 347 00:24:08,480 --> 00:24:10,320 It happened here at Clipstone 348 00:24:10,360 --> 00:24:13,440 where there were one or two...two of the lads got arrested, 349 00:24:13,480 --> 00:24:16,040 and sorry, but they did absolutely nothing. 350 00:24:16,080 --> 00:24:17,880 It was all trumped-up charges. 351 00:24:20,400 --> 00:24:23,280 Policies introduced by Thatcher's government 352 00:24:23,320 --> 00:24:26,400 also limited the amount of unemployment benefits 353 00:24:26,440 --> 00:24:29,480 that strikers' families could receive. 354 00:24:29,520 --> 00:24:31,360 REPORTER:The Leightons and other striking families 355 00:24:31,400 --> 00:24:34,840 have clubbed together to make sure they have all they need. 356 00:24:34,880 --> 00:24:37,240 The families of strikers like Doug 357 00:24:37,280 --> 00:24:41,160 were forced to rely on the NUM's charity soup kitchens. 358 00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:46,320 But the union's charity fund had almost run out. 359 00:24:46,360 --> 00:24:48,960 More and more desperate miners 360 00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:50,800 were starting to return to work. 361 00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:55,440 The strike had lasted an entire year. 362 00:25:00,640 --> 00:25:02,440 In the years after the strike, 363 00:25:02,480 --> 00:25:04,840 the pace of closures was accelerated, 364 00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:08,240 with many pit villages falling into deep poverty. 365 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:13,360 Clipstone survived this turbulent period 366 00:25:13,400 --> 00:25:15,400 and continued operating, 367 00:25:15,440 --> 00:25:17,880 but with a much smaller workforce, 368 00:25:17,920 --> 00:25:20,760 before closing down in 2003. 369 00:25:25,080 --> 00:25:29,040 Today, there are just a handful of coal mines in Britain, 370 00:25:29,080 --> 00:25:31,520 employing less than 500 people. 371 00:25:32,760 --> 00:25:35,080 But Clipstone is set to find new life 372 00:25:35,120 --> 00:25:37,560 as an event centre and museum. 373 00:25:45,920 --> 00:25:48,120 In Southwest Tennessee, 374 00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:50,840 a skyscraper towers over a city 375 00:25:50,880 --> 00:25:53,200 with a proud musical heritage. 376 00:25:57,960 --> 00:26:01,440 Memphis is a bustling town on the Mississippi River, 377 00:26:01,480 --> 00:26:05,320 and it's filled with country music and blues and jazz, 378 00:26:05,360 --> 00:26:08,320 and it's a really vibrant, happening city. 379 00:26:09,480 --> 00:26:13,800 More than anything, it is known as the birthplace of rock and roll. 380 00:26:19,400 --> 00:26:23,520 Right in the heart of it all is this towering monolith. 381 00:26:23,560 --> 00:26:25,400 It is an imposing structure. 382 00:26:25,440 --> 00:26:28,440 It looks strong and sturdy. 383 00:26:30,520 --> 00:26:34,000 Trying to piece together what this place was used for isn't easy. 384 00:26:35,040 --> 00:26:38,040 There are dentist chairs, old medical equipment, 385 00:26:38,080 --> 00:26:41,360 signs for attorneys' offices, collection offices. 386 00:26:41,400 --> 00:26:45,400 There's even a bathroom with leopard print wallpaper on the walls. 387 00:26:47,480 --> 00:26:50,560 Once known as the Queen of Memphis, 388 00:26:50,600 --> 00:26:53,520 this place attracted rock 'n' roll royalty. 389 00:26:54,720 --> 00:26:56,560 A well-known music producer, 390 00:26:56,600 --> 00:26:58,960 he had a company called Stars, Inc. on the 19th floor, 391 00:26:59,000 --> 00:27:02,520 and he was the manager of Elvis Presley and Johnny Cash. 392 00:27:04,240 --> 00:27:07,000 This was the biggest, the best, the most luxurious building 393 00:27:07,040 --> 00:27:08,880 Memphis had ever seen. 394 00:27:10,640 --> 00:27:13,480 It was designed as a monument to success, 395 00:27:13,520 --> 00:27:16,400 but it was built on shaky foundations. 396 00:27:16,440 --> 00:27:18,960 It always piqued my interest, it felt like a haunted house, 397 00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:20,720 it felt like a 30-storey haunted house. 398 00:27:22,400 --> 00:27:25,440 There are fire escapes rusting and tattered. 399 00:27:25,480 --> 00:27:27,440 There's gaping open windows 400 00:27:27,480 --> 00:27:30,000 with kind of old curtains streaming out of it. 401 00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:32,760 It's a pretty epic building, 402 00:27:32,800 --> 00:27:36,080 and it sits on what you would imagine would be prime real estate. 403 00:27:36,120 --> 00:27:39,160 So it seems strange to see it left to rack and ruin. 404 00:27:41,080 --> 00:27:43,480 Its founders set it up for failure 405 00:27:43,520 --> 00:27:45,880 before the first brick had been laid. 406 00:27:47,480 --> 00:27:50,160 This is where they made a crucial mistake, 407 00:27:50,200 --> 00:27:52,960 and it was one that would haunt the building 408 00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:54,560 for the rest of its life. 409 00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:06,960 Like many locals, 410 00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:09,560 Stuart Harris was drawn to the mystery 411 00:28:09,600 --> 00:28:12,040 of this vast, cavernous structure. 412 00:28:13,560 --> 00:28:16,320 He still remembers the day it was closed down. 413 00:28:18,200 --> 00:28:21,000 The building was abandoned when I was nine years old... 414 00:28:22,440 --> 00:28:25,440 ..and I always wondered what was going on in there. 415 00:28:27,160 --> 00:28:29,480 While it looks monolithic, 416 00:28:29,520 --> 00:28:32,280 it's packed full of surprises. 417 00:28:35,600 --> 00:28:38,960 So after decades of wondering what the inside looked like, 418 00:28:39,000 --> 00:28:40,480 I had an opportunity to visit it. 419 00:28:41,720 --> 00:28:43,480 And it was so mysterious, 420 00:28:43,520 --> 00:28:45,400 and in some ways, not at all what I expected. 421 00:28:48,080 --> 00:28:50,520 When it was built, this lobby was neo-Gothic. 422 00:28:50,560 --> 00:28:51,960 It was very grand. 423 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:55,800 High ceilings, bronze rosettes, leaded glass. 424 00:28:56,960 --> 00:28:59,000 No expense spared. 425 00:28:59,040 --> 00:29:02,720 The concept was a city within a city, 426 00:29:04,240 --> 00:29:08,080 an office block that had everything a worker might need, 427 00:29:08,120 --> 00:29:10,000 all housed in one building. 428 00:29:11,800 --> 00:29:14,360 It had a cigar stand, a newsstand, 429 00:29:14,400 --> 00:29:17,160 a barber shop, beauty shop, 430 00:29:17,200 --> 00:29:20,000 lawyers, dentists, doctors. 431 00:29:20,040 --> 00:29:21,880 Everything you could possibly imagine. 432 00:29:22,960 --> 00:29:26,320 Construction started in 1928, 433 00:29:26,360 --> 00:29:31,000 costing the equivalent of over £34,000,000 in today's money. 434 00:29:32,360 --> 00:29:35,120 Its owners were two wealthy Texans, 435 00:29:35,160 --> 00:29:36,640 Ross S. Sterling... 436 00:29:37,680 --> 00:29:39,920 ..and Wyatt Hendrick. 437 00:29:39,960 --> 00:29:42,680 They decided to merge their last names, 438 00:29:42,720 --> 00:29:45,640 and the Sterick Building was born. 439 00:29:45,680 --> 00:29:50,440 900 offices, accommodating 5,000 office workers, 440 00:29:50,480 --> 00:29:53,560 spread across 29 floors. 441 00:29:57,360 --> 00:30:00,880 It was born in the roaring 1920s, 442 00:30:00,920 --> 00:30:03,920 a period of great prosperity in America. 443 00:30:06,880 --> 00:30:09,040 Memphis is absolutely booming, 444 00:30:09,080 --> 00:30:12,200 and it's the centre of the cotton trade. 445 00:30:12,240 --> 00:30:14,360 Between 1880 and 1920, 446 00:30:14,400 --> 00:30:16,720 over 70% of the cotton in America 447 00:30:16,760 --> 00:30:21,000 was harvested within 200 miles of Memphis. 448 00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:23,960 And that meant a lot of money and a lot of jobs 449 00:30:24,000 --> 00:30:25,680 and a lot of new buildings. 450 00:30:26,880 --> 00:30:31,160 This real estate boom was seized on by Sterling and Hendrick. 451 00:30:32,360 --> 00:30:36,280 And being Texans, and Texans either go big or go home, 452 00:30:36,320 --> 00:30:38,320 uh, decided they were gonna make a splash. 453 00:30:38,360 --> 00:30:42,440 And they picked the busiest corner in Central Downtown, 454 00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:44,720 the corner of Madison and 3rd Street, 455 00:30:44,760 --> 00:30:46,880 which is now BB King. 456 00:30:46,920 --> 00:30:49,680 Not only did they choose a prime location, 457 00:30:49,720 --> 00:30:52,160 inside, no expense was spared. 458 00:30:55,760 --> 00:30:59,920 One of the things they added were eight high-speed elevators. 459 00:30:59,960 --> 00:31:04,920 These elevators were manned by eight ladies in dresses and bows, 460 00:31:04,960 --> 00:31:08,760 who would greet visitors and act almost as a concierge 461 00:31:08,800 --> 00:31:12,000 to take them to whatever floor they were visiting. 462 00:31:12,040 --> 00:31:13,600 Rumour has it they moved so quickly 463 00:31:13,640 --> 00:31:15,520 that it was causing people to get sick, 464 00:31:15,560 --> 00:31:17,280 it was messing with their equilibrium. 465 00:31:17,320 --> 00:31:21,240 They'd have to stop halfway just to not get sick. 466 00:31:21,280 --> 00:31:23,560 The building was making waves, 467 00:31:23,600 --> 00:31:26,680 and some new tenants just couldn't stand the wait. 468 00:31:30,600 --> 00:31:33,120 There's a great story that people were so excited 469 00:31:33,160 --> 00:31:34,160 to get into the building 470 00:31:34,200 --> 00:31:37,400 that a...a doctor who rented one of the offices 471 00:31:37,440 --> 00:31:40,960 would take a ladder up every day to her window 472 00:31:41,000 --> 00:31:42,400 to get inside the office, 473 00:31:42,440 --> 00:31:44,320 since the elevators weren't working yet 474 00:31:44,360 --> 00:31:45,960 and the stairs weren't finished. 475 00:31:47,800 --> 00:31:51,320 Now, we don't know if her patients also went up the ladder. 476 00:31:53,600 --> 00:31:56,440 The press described the grand opening 477 00:31:56,480 --> 00:32:01,240 as probably one of the greatest housewarmings in Memphis history. 478 00:32:02,440 --> 00:32:03,640 By the '40s and '50s, 479 00:32:03,680 --> 00:32:07,360 this building is absolutely at full occupancy. 480 00:32:07,400 --> 00:32:10,000 Among these occupants 481 00:32:10,040 --> 00:32:12,480 were some famous rock 'n' rollers. 482 00:32:13,640 --> 00:32:16,640 Sterick was home to lots of local radio stations, 483 00:32:16,680 --> 00:32:21,040 and it was also where Bob Neal, a famous early DJ, 484 00:32:21,080 --> 00:32:23,360 had his offices and studios. 485 00:32:25,400 --> 00:32:27,760 He had a company called Stars, Inc. on the 19th floor, 486 00:32:27,800 --> 00:32:31,360 and he was the manager of Elvis Presley and Johnny Cash. 487 00:32:32,920 --> 00:32:37,120 He set up the King's first live performance here in Memphis, 488 00:32:37,160 --> 00:32:39,320 and put on local variety shows 489 00:32:39,360 --> 00:32:42,920 where you could see these soon-to-be global superstars 490 00:32:42,960 --> 00:32:45,480 for as little as 50 cents a ticket. 491 00:32:46,680 --> 00:32:50,320 Uh, Bob helped Elvis found Elvis Presley Enterprises, 492 00:32:50,360 --> 00:32:53,200 and is the managing company of Graceland, 493 00:32:53,240 --> 00:32:56,480 Elvis's mansion in South Memphis. 494 00:32:58,480 --> 00:33:01,520 But with Elvis clearly heading for the big time, 495 00:33:01,560 --> 00:33:04,040 Neal, tired of life on the road, 496 00:33:04,080 --> 00:33:06,360 decided not to renew his contract... 497 00:33:07,400 --> 00:33:10,800 ..and the now infamous Colonel Tom Parker took over. 498 00:33:14,000 --> 00:33:15,520 Times were good, 499 00:33:15,560 --> 00:33:18,800 and the owner of the Empire State Building bought the tower. 500 00:33:20,560 --> 00:33:25,080 But urban depopulation that impacted cities across America 501 00:33:25,120 --> 00:33:27,920 in the 1960s and '70s 502 00:33:27,960 --> 00:33:29,680 was compounded in Memphis 503 00:33:29,720 --> 00:33:34,840 by the assassination of Dr Martin Luther King Jr in 1968. 504 00:33:36,840 --> 00:33:41,040 As more people began to leave the city and move to the suburbs 505 00:33:41,080 --> 00:33:44,000 or take their offices elsewhere, 506 00:33:44,040 --> 00:33:47,760 it really began this process of a death by 1,000 cuts. 507 00:33:50,040 --> 00:33:55,720 In 1973, the Sterick Building was repossessed by the bank, 508 00:33:55,760 --> 00:33:58,760 which led to an assessment of the original contract 509 00:33:58,800 --> 00:34:02,240 signed by Sterling and Hendrick in 1926. 510 00:34:03,720 --> 00:34:07,120 It revealed the property deal was far from conventional. 511 00:34:08,240 --> 00:34:11,880 So incredibly, they didn't buy the land 512 00:34:11,920 --> 00:34:13,680 where their skyscraper would be. 513 00:34:13,720 --> 00:34:17,080 They simply leased it for 99 years. 514 00:34:18,760 --> 00:34:22,040 The lease would be up in 2025, 515 00:34:22,080 --> 00:34:23,680 and stipulated the building 516 00:34:23,720 --> 00:34:27,240 was to be handed back to the landowners in good condition. 517 00:34:29,200 --> 00:34:32,520 If anyone wanted to make improvements to this building, 518 00:34:32,560 --> 00:34:36,200 why would they wanna do that when, in 2025, 519 00:34:36,240 --> 00:34:39,800 all of the improvements, every dime they spent on the building, 520 00:34:39,840 --> 00:34:43,200 would go entirely back to the family that owned the land? 521 00:34:43,240 --> 00:34:45,080 No-one was willing to make that investment. 522 00:34:46,880 --> 00:34:49,680 But Stuart is part of an ownership group 523 00:34:49,720 --> 00:34:54,120 that has managed to break the curse of the 99-year lease. 524 00:34:55,760 --> 00:35:01,000 In 2023, we were able to come to an agreement with all parties 525 00:35:01,040 --> 00:35:04,800 to, uh, dissolve the entire lease structure 526 00:35:04,840 --> 00:35:07,400 and create a fee simple structure of ownership, 527 00:35:07,440 --> 00:35:09,880 so that lease is no longer standing. 528 00:35:19,920 --> 00:35:24,200 Plans are underway to convert the tower into an apartment block, 529 00:35:24,240 --> 00:35:27,400 combined with hotels and restaurants. 530 00:35:29,240 --> 00:35:32,080 We really hope that it's gonna be a catalytic project 531 00:35:32,120 --> 00:35:35,880 that really radiates activity from here around the neighbourhood, 532 00:35:35,920 --> 00:35:39,520 and really affects the core of Downtown Memphis. 533 00:35:45,920 --> 00:35:50,560 On the outskirts of Kuala Terengganu in Eastern Malaysia, 534 00:35:50,600 --> 00:35:54,600 the bustling urban sprawl quickly gives way to nature. 535 00:36:00,880 --> 00:36:03,560 You don't have to stray too far from the city 536 00:36:03,600 --> 00:36:06,680 before things start getting very remote. 537 00:36:06,720 --> 00:36:09,720 I'm talking hot, dense jungle. 538 00:36:12,200 --> 00:36:15,600 In a small clearing, set back from a winding river, 539 00:36:15,640 --> 00:36:19,480 you come across a curious collection of wooden buildings. 540 00:36:21,120 --> 00:36:25,320 Seven different structures, set on stilts, 541 00:36:25,360 --> 00:36:28,280 are connected by walkways. 542 00:36:28,320 --> 00:36:31,760 The construction looks old-fashioned, 543 00:36:31,800 --> 00:36:33,320 but the fact that it's made of timber 544 00:36:33,360 --> 00:36:35,760 makes it really hard to date it. 545 00:36:37,560 --> 00:36:39,680 In this tropical climate, 546 00:36:39,720 --> 00:36:43,880 nature is rapidly reclaiming what once belonged to the jungle. 547 00:36:45,880 --> 00:36:47,760 So some of the planks have rotted away, 548 00:36:47,800 --> 00:36:49,600 the structure's starting to collapse... 549 00:36:51,000 --> 00:36:53,640 ..and it's just really hard to tell what it was used for. 550 00:36:57,000 --> 00:36:58,880 Have when you enter the building, 551 00:36:58,920 --> 00:37:01,120 there are surprising signs of modernity. 552 00:37:01,160 --> 00:37:04,400 You look around and you see beautifully tiled bathrooms, 553 00:37:04,440 --> 00:37:07,840 a fridge, even an air-conditioning unit. 554 00:37:07,880 --> 00:37:09,440 It's also filled with the remnants 555 00:37:09,480 --> 00:37:12,720 of what looks to be perhaps some textile industry. 556 00:37:13,960 --> 00:37:16,440 This was much more than just a home, 557 00:37:16,480 --> 00:37:20,160 this was one man's dream to safeguard his nation's heritage. 558 00:37:21,640 --> 00:37:23,600 But when tragedy struck, 559 00:37:23,640 --> 00:37:25,600 his vision was shattered. 560 00:37:46,080 --> 00:37:49,080 Syed Mohd Hanafiah is a carpenter 561 00:37:49,120 --> 00:37:52,680 who helped construct this complex with Tengku Ismail, 562 00:37:52,720 --> 00:37:55,800 the man behind a bold and unusual vision. 563 00:38:10,240 --> 00:38:13,200 He may have been a man of the people, 564 00:38:13,240 --> 00:38:16,480 but he came from royalty. 565 00:38:16,520 --> 00:38:19,760 Tengku actually means prince, which is what he was. 566 00:38:19,800 --> 00:38:22,960 He was a prince of the local Terengganu royal family. 567 00:38:25,040 --> 00:38:28,880 While his great-grandfather, Sultan Zainal Abidin III, 568 00:38:28,920 --> 00:38:32,080 had ruled over the entire Terengganu province, 569 00:38:32,120 --> 00:38:35,880 Ismail was far removed from direct line to the throne. 570 00:38:36,960 --> 00:38:39,680 Tengku Ismail was born in the 1950s. 571 00:38:39,720 --> 00:38:42,640 And being the second cousin to the ruling sultan, 572 00:38:42,680 --> 00:38:46,040 you know, he was in no danger of becoming king, 573 00:38:46,080 --> 00:38:48,320 but he still grew up with all the trappings 574 00:38:48,360 --> 00:38:50,840 of being in an aristocratic family. 575 00:38:52,000 --> 00:38:56,600 That included living in his great-grandfather's royal palace. 576 00:38:56,640 --> 00:38:58,240 There, he fell in love 577 00:38:58,280 --> 00:39:01,880 with the traditional Malay architecture and culture, 578 00:39:01,920 --> 00:39:06,560 including songket, a cloth sewn in silk or cotton, 579 00:39:06,600 --> 00:39:09,840 then highlighted with gold or silver thread 580 00:39:09,880 --> 00:39:12,360 to create a silky metallic fabric. 581 00:39:15,080 --> 00:39:21,840 In 1970, that passion took him to the Osaka Expo in Japan, 582 00:39:21,880 --> 00:39:24,480 where he not only represented Malaysia, 583 00:39:24,520 --> 00:39:28,560 but he also displayed the songket cloth for the world. 584 00:39:29,920 --> 00:39:34,320 While in Japan, he took the opportunity to visit the Nijo-jo Palace, 585 00:39:34,360 --> 00:39:36,080 built in 1603. 586 00:39:37,680 --> 00:39:39,640 It was a transformative moment. 587 00:39:41,000 --> 00:39:43,240 He was so impressed by what he saw 588 00:39:43,280 --> 00:39:45,360 and the way that these wooden structures were preserved, 589 00:39:45,400 --> 00:39:47,320 that he decided he would do the same thing 590 00:39:47,360 --> 00:39:48,960 for his own cultural heritage. 591 00:40:07,200 --> 00:40:11,920 So, he decided to salvage traditional Terengganu homes 592 00:40:11,960 --> 00:40:14,480 and unify them into one structure 593 00:40:14,520 --> 00:40:17,480 to imitate an 18th-century royal palace, 594 00:40:17,520 --> 00:40:20,400 just like the one he grew up in. 595 00:40:20,440 --> 00:40:25,160 The ambitious project was called Pura Tanjung Sabtu, 596 00:40:25,200 --> 00:40:27,880 which is a combination of the local village name 597 00:40:27,920 --> 00:40:29,800 and the word for palace. 598 00:40:31,520 --> 00:40:35,120 In 1992, he began scouring Terengganu 599 00:40:35,160 --> 00:40:37,560 for these traditional wooden houses. 600 00:40:39,440 --> 00:40:42,080 Uh, these very old houses are put together 601 00:40:42,120 --> 00:40:44,200 with no nails, no screws. 602 00:40:44,240 --> 00:40:49,160 It's just been all cut and built by very skilled workers. 603 00:40:49,200 --> 00:40:52,800 So what he has to do is take them all apart, 604 00:40:52,840 --> 00:40:55,000 transport them to his space, 605 00:40:55,040 --> 00:40:56,520 and then put them all together. 606 00:40:57,840 --> 00:41:01,800 So, the carpenters have to be extremely skilled 607 00:41:01,840 --> 00:41:03,840 at cutting the different wooden pieces 608 00:41:03,880 --> 00:41:06,240 so they slide together and fit snugly 609 00:41:06,280 --> 00:41:07,840 without seam or lock. 610 00:41:09,520 --> 00:41:11,240 Part of Ismail's project 611 00:41:11,280 --> 00:41:14,440 was attempting to revive his beloved songket. 612 00:41:16,880 --> 00:41:20,440 On the ground floor, he had an entire area, uh, 613 00:41:20,480 --> 00:41:24,520 dedicated to the manufacture and display of the fabric. 614 00:41:26,040 --> 00:41:28,680 When completed in 1996, 615 00:41:28,720 --> 00:41:31,360 it opened as his personal residence, 616 00:41:31,400 --> 00:41:33,720 but also a museum and hotel. 617 00:41:38,720 --> 00:41:43,880 And in 2007, his efforts appeared to have paid off. 618 00:41:43,920 --> 00:41:47,520 He was nominated for the Aga Khan Architecture Award. 619 00:41:48,720 --> 00:41:51,360 The awards celebrate design excellence 620 00:41:51,400 --> 00:41:56,080 in societies with predominantly Muslim populations. 621 00:41:56,120 --> 00:41:59,480 Tengku Ismail described it as one of the happiest moments of his life. 622 00:41:59,520 --> 00:42:02,800 Finally, it seemed as if everything was coming together. 623 00:42:04,000 --> 00:42:07,640 In June 2011, the Prince travelled to London 624 00:42:07,680 --> 00:42:10,440 for a popular international weaving exhibition. 625 00:42:11,680 --> 00:42:14,120 Held at the School of Traditional Arts 626 00:42:14,160 --> 00:42:18,080 and supported by King Charles III's charitable foundation, 627 00:42:18,120 --> 00:42:21,040 his songket collection was a central feature. 628 00:42:22,720 --> 00:42:25,520 But tragically, the prince died of a heart attack 629 00:42:25,560 --> 00:42:27,480 before he left London, 630 00:42:27,520 --> 00:42:31,680 and his beloved palace has since fallen into disrepair. 631 00:42:40,760 --> 00:42:44,360 There was some talk of turning it into a heritage site 632 00:42:44,400 --> 00:42:46,160 that tourists could visit. 633 00:42:46,200 --> 00:42:49,080 But until someone's willing to fund that enterprise, 634 00:42:49,120 --> 00:42:51,440 it will continue to decompose. 635 00:42:57,160 --> 00:42:59,160 Subtitles by Red Bee Media 52012

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