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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,080 --> 00:00:06,480 Narrator: A vast complex built on grand ambitions. 2 00:00:06,520 --> 00:00:08,560 This was going to be a place 3 00:00:08,600 --> 00:00:11,240 that would represent the highest aspirations 4 00:00:11,280 --> 00:00:13,080 of the Soviet union. 5 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:17,840 A Liberian hotel haunted by a tumultuous past. 6 00:00:18,440 --> 00:00:24,000 At one point this former five-star hotel housed thousands of squatters. 7 00:00:25,200 --> 00:00:30,440 Indigenous ruins in Arizona given new life by an explosive event. 8 00:00:31,120 --> 00:00:35,040 It must have been a truly awe-inspiring thing to witness. 9 00:00:37,160 --> 00:00:40,400 And a creepy clifftop castle in the Czech Republic 10 00:00:40,440 --> 00:00:42,960 concealing a gateway to hell. 11 00:00:43,000 --> 00:00:44,040 To the locals, 12 00:00:44,080 --> 00:00:47,880 it could only mean that the ss were practising a cult magic. 13 00:00:47,920 --> 00:00:49,880 (Suspenseful music) 14 00:00:52,280 --> 00:00:53,960 Decaying relics, 15 00:00:55,280 --> 00:00:57,880 ruins of lost worlds. 16 00:00:58,840 --> 00:00:59,999 Sites haunted by the past, 17 00:01:00,000 --> 00:01:01,480 sites haunted by the past, 18 00:01:02,680 --> 00:01:06,120 their secrets waiting to be revealed. 19 00:01:12,720 --> 00:01:14,440 (Pacing music) 20 00:01:16,360 --> 00:01:18,960 In the disputed region of abkhazia, 21 00:01:19,000 --> 00:01:23,640 is the wreckage of a site where a nation's dream became a nightmare. 22 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:27,000 (Tense music) 23 00:01:29,320 --> 00:01:32,520 We're on the coast of the black sea and not far from the beach 24 00:01:32,560 --> 00:01:36,960 we come upon this complex of concrete buildings 25 00:01:37,000 --> 00:01:39,400 that are crumbling into ruin. 26 00:01:41,960 --> 00:01:45,080 There's this Soviet constructivist architecture, 27 00:01:45,120 --> 00:01:49,280 very practical, very heroic, very grand scale, 28 00:01:49,320 --> 00:01:51,736 it's hard to say at first glance what this thing is. 29 00:01:51,760 --> 00:01:53,200 (Tense music) 30 00:01:54,440 --> 00:01:59,000 There's something unmistakably apocalyptic about this site. 31 00:02:00,120 --> 00:02:04,120 But what was it for and why is it now in ruins? 32 00:02:07,000 --> 00:02:11,280 At one time this location promised to deliver heroic victory 33 00:02:11,320 --> 00:02:13,160 over western rivals. 34 00:02:13,920 --> 00:02:17,040 When you go inside it, it very much has the look of a dormitory, 35 00:02:17,080 --> 00:02:18,880 a hotel, a barracks 36 00:02:18,920 --> 00:02:21,056 because you've got these long hallways 37 00:02:21,080 --> 00:02:23,280 with you know, small rooms off each. 38 00:02:25,040 --> 00:02:28,880 At one end the roof is completely gone 39 00:02:28,920 --> 00:02:33,720 and that exposes a massive swimming pool, 40 00:02:33,760 --> 00:02:38,720 certainly, no hotel would need an olympic-size swimming pool 41 00:02:38,760 --> 00:02:41,840 so this was clearly something else. 42 00:02:43,520 --> 00:02:46,560 This was once a centre of excellence 43 00:02:46,600 --> 00:02:49,560 but something catastrophic destroyed it, 44 00:02:49,600 --> 00:02:52,680 the legacy of which is still being felt today. 45 00:02:55,880 --> 00:02:58,040 (Suspenseful music) 46 00:03:00,320 --> 00:03:02,400 (Speaks Russian) 47 00:03:23,280 --> 00:03:27,040 Daur arshba is the director of this site today. 48 00:03:28,360 --> 00:03:31,200 Spanning nearly 160 acres, 49 00:03:31,240 --> 00:03:34,240 four wheels is the only way to get around. 50 00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:38,400 (Speaks Russian) 51 00:03:54,360 --> 00:03:56,616 The first thing to say about where we are 52 00:03:56,640 --> 00:03:59,880 is that the country we're in abkhazia 53 00:03:59,920 --> 00:04:00,000 doesn't really exist 54 00:04:00,001 --> 00:04:01,680 doesn't really exist 55 00:04:01,720 --> 00:04:06,000 but try telling that to the 240,000 people who live here, 56 00:04:06,040 --> 00:04:08,640 and you're not going to get the warmest of welcomes. 57 00:04:09,040 --> 00:04:12,840 It's not recognised as an independent nation 58 00:04:12,880 --> 00:04:17,920 but it sees itself as a distinct people and a distinct land. 59 00:04:19,399 --> 00:04:21,560 During the days of the Soviet union, 60 00:04:21,600 --> 00:04:24,680 this region was part of the republic of Georgia 61 00:04:24,720 --> 00:04:27,440 which itself was part of the ussr 62 00:04:27,480 --> 00:04:30,600 and that's where the story of this complex really begins. 63 00:04:35,240 --> 00:04:37,840 Initiated in the mid-1960s 64 00:04:37,880 --> 00:04:41,440 the project was part of a grand and ambitious plan. 65 00:04:43,240 --> 00:04:47,480 If buildings can represent dreams and aspirations, 66 00:04:47,520 --> 00:04:49,600 then this one certainly did that. 67 00:04:51,360 --> 00:04:54,280 This was going to be a centre that would bring together the best 68 00:04:54,320 --> 00:04:57,360 and the brightest from all across the Soviet union 69 00:04:57,400 --> 00:04:59,999 and train them for a very distinct type of world domination. 70 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:02,761 And train them for a very distinct type of world domination. 71 00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:07,640 This is the eshera sports complex, 72 00:05:07,680 --> 00:05:11,040 the central olympic base of the ussr. 73 00:05:13,880 --> 00:05:17,000 This place was chosen because it sat along a stretch of coastline 74 00:05:17,040 --> 00:05:19,880 that was favoured by the Soviet elite because of the weather. 75 00:05:20,520 --> 00:05:22,976 Athletes could get away from the darkness and cold 76 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:25,920 of the endless winters 77 00:05:25,960 --> 00:05:28,120 and train and focus on their sports 78 00:05:28,160 --> 00:05:32,000 in this beautiful temperate warm environment. 79 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:36,440 (Speaks Russian) 80 00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:52,320 Well, the place was, was a marvel 81 00:05:52,360 --> 00:05:54,856 because it had you know, four football pitches, 82 00:05:54,880 --> 00:05:57,400 it had an olympic size swimming pool, 83 00:05:57,440 --> 00:05:59,999 it had basketball courts, it had a couple of running tracks, 84 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:00,760 it had basketball courts, it had a couple of running tracks, 85 00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:04,160 it had you know, facilities for 40 different sports. 86 00:06:05,560 --> 00:06:08,160 At one point the pool would have been kitted out 87 00:06:08,200 --> 00:06:10,320 with all the latest technology 88 00:06:10,360 --> 00:06:15,240 and packed full of hopeful athletes training to be the best they could. 89 00:06:16,880 --> 00:06:19,520 Daur had the privilege of seeing first-hand 90 00:06:19,560 --> 00:06:21,600 what it took to be the best. 91 00:06:21,640 --> 00:06:23,200 (Eerie music) 92 00:06:24,280 --> 00:06:26,360 (Speaks Russian) 93 00:06:46,800 --> 00:06:48,040 To house all the athletes 94 00:06:48,080 --> 00:06:50,520 there was a nine-storey accommodation block 95 00:06:50,560 --> 00:06:52,960 which also had a huge canteen 96 00:06:53,000 --> 00:06:54,920 serving the very best food, 97 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:59,999 you know there was no expense spared in this pursuit for victory. 98 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:02,176 You know there was no expense spared in this pursuit for victory. 99 00:07:02,200 --> 00:07:05,360 It was the perfect place to psych up the athletes to do well 100 00:07:05,400 --> 00:07:07,120 for, you know, mother Russia. 101 00:07:07,960 --> 00:07:09,720 There was also another factor 102 00:07:09,760 --> 00:07:13,280 driving the relentless pursuit of sporting excellence. 103 00:07:14,480 --> 00:07:17,840 At this time the cold war is raging 104 00:07:17,880 --> 00:07:22,000 and more often than not we associate that with the nuclear arms race 105 00:07:22,040 --> 00:07:23,800 or the space race. 106 00:07:23,840 --> 00:07:28,520 But sport was the other great arena that this conflict played out, in. 107 00:07:31,160 --> 00:07:32,760 It's impossible to overstate 108 00:07:32,800 --> 00:07:38,000 how important global competition in sports was to the Soviet union. 109 00:07:38,040 --> 00:07:43,040 The cold war was about a lot more than just a military build-up, 110 00:07:43,080 --> 00:07:44,680 it was an ideological war, 111 00:07:44,720 --> 00:07:48,680 the Soviet union wanted to prove they had a superior system 112 00:07:48,720 --> 00:07:50,360 to that of the west 113 00:07:50,400 --> 00:07:54,200 if they could show that their people were the fastest and the strongest 114 00:07:54,240 --> 00:07:56,880 that would be a kind of confirmation 115 00:07:56,920 --> 00:08:00,000 that the Soviet system was the superior way 116 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:01,520 to organise a society. 117 00:08:05,920 --> 00:08:09,200 At the 1980 summer Olympics in Moscow, 118 00:08:09,240 --> 00:08:13,760 that ideological clash was supposed to play out on the world stage. 119 00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:17,120 In 1979, 120 00:08:17,160 --> 00:08:22,520 the ussr invaded Afghanistan to prop up a communist government, 121 00:08:22,560 --> 00:08:26,760 in response, the us decided to boycott the 1980 Olympics 122 00:08:26,800 --> 00:08:29,880 and ultimately 65 other countries around the world 123 00:08:29,920 --> 00:08:32,560 also refused to attend those games. 124 00:08:34,440 --> 00:08:37,840 Well, this was a very tough decision for president Jimmy Carter to take 125 00:08:37,880 --> 00:08:41,400 because all these American olympians had been training for years. 126 00:08:43,320 --> 00:08:45,120 (Speaks Russian) 127 00:08:48,520 --> 00:08:49,600 (Laughs) 128 00:09:02,240 --> 00:09:04,480 In the absence of the United States, 129 00:09:04,520 --> 00:09:07,160 the Soviet team dominated the games, 130 00:09:07,200 --> 00:09:10,120 securing a record 80 gold medals. 131 00:09:11,720 --> 00:09:14,120 Some of that spectacular performance 132 00:09:14,160 --> 00:09:18,400 was partly due to the training that took place at this centre. 133 00:09:19,560 --> 00:09:21,640 (Speaks Russian) 134 00:09:32,040 --> 00:09:34,200 (Dramatic music) 135 00:09:34,240 --> 00:09:39,360 But the boycott of the games was not the only thing to raise eyebrows. 136 00:09:41,400 --> 00:09:44,440 It was the first and only games since 137 00:09:44,480 --> 00:09:47,240 not to disqualify a single athlete 138 00:09:47,280 --> 00:09:49,680 for using performance-enhancing drugs. 139 00:09:49,720 --> 00:09:52,080 Now, this was unheard of. 140 00:09:53,160 --> 00:09:56,080 Clearly, when you look at their medal haul in the 1980 Olympics 141 00:09:56,120 --> 00:09:58,216 you have to question whether this was all clean 142 00:09:58,240 --> 00:09:59,999 and there was a lot of controversy at the time of how clean were they. 143 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:03,000 And there was a lot of controversy at the time of how clean were they. 144 00:10:03,440 --> 00:10:06,760 Whatever the truth, one thing is certain. 145 00:10:06,800 --> 00:10:08,080 For the next decade, 146 00:10:08,120 --> 00:10:12,720 this facility continued to churn out world-beating athletes. 147 00:10:14,880 --> 00:10:18,160 But it wouldn't be long before the whole thing came crashing down, 148 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:21,000 change was coming. 149 00:10:21,880 --> 00:10:23,520 By the early '90s, 150 00:10:24,160 --> 00:10:26,960 the eshera sports complex was becoming an arena 151 00:10:27,000 --> 00:10:29,040 for a very different kind of battle. 152 00:10:29,920 --> 00:10:31,280 As the Soviet union collapsed 153 00:10:31,320 --> 00:10:35,720 its control over the very Soviet states collapsed as well 154 00:10:35,760 --> 00:10:39,800 and many of those states began to dissolve into warring factions. 155 00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:43,856 Georgia emerged as an independent state 156 00:10:43,880 --> 00:10:45,960 including this abkhazia province 157 00:10:46,000 --> 00:10:48,160 and so in 1992, 158 00:10:48,200 --> 00:10:51,680 the abkhazia population of Georgia tried to separate from Georgia 159 00:10:51,720 --> 00:10:53,640 and form their own state. 160 00:10:53,680 --> 00:10:55,736 And of course, the Georgians resisted 161 00:10:55,760 --> 00:10:58,096 and they used you know, the most merciless tactics 162 00:10:58,120 --> 00:11:00,000 to put the abkhazia down. 163 00:11:00,800 --> 00:11:02,920 (Speaks Russian) 164 00:11:14,120 --> 00:11:17,440 For over a year there was vicious fighting in the streets. 165 00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:23,200 The conflict claiming the lives of over 15,000 people. 166 00:11:24,080 --> 00:11:26,040 (Tense music) 167 00:11:26,840 --> 00:11:28,880 The war got very ugly, 168 00:11:28,920 --> 00:11:33,040 people of Georgian backgrounds were killed 169 00:11:33,080 --> 00:11:37,000 and driven out of abkhazia by the thousands. 170 00:11:38,600 --> 00:11:40,656 And it's suspected that much of the violence 171 00:11:40,680 --> 00:11:43,920 between the abkhazia and the Georgians in the civil war 172 00:11:43,960 --> 00:11:45,880 was fostered by the Russians 173 00:11:45,920 --> 00:11:49,400 who had a vested interest in keeping Georgia unstable 174 00:11:49,440 --> 00:11:53,320 and sort of in the de facto Soviet grasp. 175 00:11:55,520 --> 00:11:57,200 In the chaos of war, 176 00:11:57,240 --> 00:11:59,999 both sides were accused of committing terrible atrocities. 177 00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:02,720 Both sides were accused of committing terrible atrocities. 178 00:12:03,080 --> 00:12:06,080 This building was caught in the deadly crossfire. 179 00:12:08,560 --> 00:12:13,720 This sports complex, unfortunately, sat in the cockpit of the war 180 00:12:13,760 --> 00:12:15,296 between the abkhazia and the Georgians 181 00:12:15,320 --> 00:12:17,960 and it's in that westernmost area 182 00:12:18,000 --> 00:12:20,760 and so it becomes yet another front in the fighting. 183 00:12:23,840 --> 00:12:25,560 (Speaks Russian) 184 00:12:54,240 --> 00:12:58,040 These buildings were so damaged that they were really beyond repair. 185 00:13:02,320 --> 00:13:04,280 (Suspenseful music) 186 00:13:05,360 --> 00:13:09,320 All around abkhazia are the scars of conflict, 187 00:13:09,360 --> 00:13:12,800 none more so than at this prestigious site. 188 00:13:13,600 --> 00:13:18,320 But daur is confident the days of glory will return. 189 00:13:20,040 --> 00:13:21,520 (Speaks Russian) 190 00:13:38,360 --> 00:13:41,000 Whether that happens or not nobody knows 191 00:13:41,040 --> 00:13:43,920 and until then well, it's empty 192 00:13:43,960 --> 00:13:48,000 and it remains isolated much like abkhazia. 193 00:13:52,600 --> 00:13:55,000 (Pacing music) 194 00:13:56,320 --> 00:13:59,999 In a dense forest 30 miles north of the Czech capital Prague, 195 00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:00,760 in a dense forest 30 miles north of the Czech capital Prague, 196 00:14:00,800 --> 00:14:04,120 stands a castle with a supernatural attraction. 197 00:14:06,360 --> 00:14:08,840 (Eerie music) (Birds chirp) 198 00:14:08,880 --> 00:14:12,640 A deep orange forest stretches out in every direction. 199 00:14:14,880 --> 00:14:17,016 Then through a clearing in the trees, 200 00:14:17,040 --> 00:14:19,800 you see this monumental structure. 201 00:14:21,360 --> 00:14:24,120 It feels still, eerie. 202 00:14:25,640 --> 00:14:30,520 Inside the unnerving atmosphere becomes ever more acute. 203 00:14:31,720 --> 00:14:34,360 As your eyes become accustomed to the darkness, 204 00:14:34,400 --> 00:14:37,680 you start to see horrible metal instruments. 205 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:40,560 And symbols of the occult. 206 00:14:41,760 --> 00:14:45,840 These thrones are adorned with satanic symbolism 207 00:14:45,880 --> 00:14:50,800 and there are these grotesque faces carved into the structures. 208 00:14:51,440 --> 00:14:54,080 For centuries this isolated stronghold 209 00:14:54,120 --> 00:14:57,840 has been a magnet for those obsessed with its dark power. 210 00:14:57,880 --> 00:14:59,999 (Foreboding music) 211 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:00,200 (Foreboding music) 212 00:15:00,240 --> 00:15:02,360 Evil men have come to this place 213 00:15:02,400 --> 00:15:05,360 and they have committed unspeakable acts. 214 00:15:06,680 --> 00:15:08,040 (Tense music) 215 00:15:14,520 --> 00:15:17,480 For zuzana pavlikova simonkova, 216 00:15:17,520 --> 00:15:21,200 houska castle is more than a historical bastion, 217 00:15:21,240 --> 00:15:23,240 it's a family heirloom. 218 00:15:25,240 --> 00:15:27,200 (Speaks Russian) 219 00:16:02,720 --> 00:16:06,680 Houska castle has been confiscated from its owners at least three times 220 00:16:06,720 --> 00:16:08,360 in its history. 221 00:16:08,400 --> 00:16:11,240 The reasons why aren't immediately clear. 222 00:16:14,680 --> 00:16:18,800 There is never really been any strategic value to this castle, 223 00:16:18,840 --> 00:16:20,960 it's not near any borders 224 00:16:21,000 --> 00:16:24,680 and it's not near any routes that an army would take. 225 00:16:25,440 --> 00:16:28,080 There aren't even any important trading routes nearby. 226 00:16:28,600 --> 00:16:30,920 So why build it at all? 227 00:16:35,160 --> 00:16:36,840 As the castle keeper, 228 00:16:36,880 --> 00:16:41,920 miroslav konopasek knows at houska the devil is in the detail. 229 00:16:46,480 --> 00:16:49,000 (Speaks Russian) 230 00:17:03,240 --> 00:17:06,240 He's long been associated with good overcoming evil, 231 00:17:06,280 --> 00:17:08,240 the battle between heaven and hell. 232 00:17:09,440 --> 00:17:12,960 There's a very good reason why he's painted on these walls. 233 00:17:17,240 --> 00:17:20,760 It's a story that dates back to the ninth century 234 00:17:21,560 --> 00:17:24,400 before the castle or chapel existed. 235 00:17:24,440 --> 00:17:25,920 (Foreboding music) 236 00:17:26,720 --> 00:17:28,000 (Speaks Russian) 237 00:17:42,360 --> 00:17:46,600 Determined to explore what lay in the depths of this pit, 238 00:17:46,640 --> 00:17:51,320 a powerful local lord turned to those desperate enough to find out. 239 00:17:53,800 --> 00:17:57,160 Prisoners sentenced to death could earn a pardon 240 00:17:57,200 --> 00:17:59,999 if they agreed to be lowered into this allegedly bottomless pit 241 00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:01,456 if they agreed to be lowered into this allegedly bottomless pit 242 00:18:01,480 --> 00:18:04,200 and then come back and report what they saw. 243 00:18:05,040 --> 00:18:08,000 When the first man was lowered into the pit 244 00:18:08,040 --> 00:18:12,280 he began screaming in horror after just a few seconds 245 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:15,200 and he begged to be pulled back up. 246 00:18:16,560 --> 00:18:18,120 When he was hauled out 247 00:18:18,160 --> 00:18:23,040 it was reported that his hair had turned shock white, 248 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:26,560 that he appeared to have aged 30 years 249 00:18:26,600 --> 00:18:29,360 and he was extremely wrinkled all over. 250 00:18:30,280 --> 00:18:32,160 (Speaks Russian) 251 00:18:37,080 --> 00:18:39,040 Real or imagined, 252 00:18:39,080 --> 00:18:43,200 the local's terror was genuine enough for them to seal over the pit, 253 00:18:43,240 --> 00:18:46,400 building the chapel and castle on top. 254 00:18:46,440 --> 00:18:49,240 What better to cover an entrance to hell 255 00:18:49,280 --> 00:18:51,680 than a chapel dedicated to the archangel 256 00:18:51,720 --> 00:18:54,320 who does battle with Satan himself. 257 00:18:54,960 --> 00:18:56,880 Although the pit was sealed, 258 00:18:56,920 --> 00:18:59,999 the malevolent spirit of houska continued to attract attention. 259 00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:02,840 The malevolent spirit of houska continued to attract attention. 260 00:19:03,760 --> 00:19:06,720 During the 30 years war in the 1600s, 261 00:19:06,760 --> 00:19:10,440 houska castle fell under the control of a Swedish army. 262 00:19:10,480 --> 00:19:14,720 Their commander, oronto, remained after the war 263 00:19:14,760 --> 00:19:19,000 and sought to harness the power of hell for his own gain. 264 00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:23,640 He was obsessed with legends surrounding the castle 265 00:19:23,680 --> 00:19:27,560 and it is rumoured that he even performed black magic rituals 266 00:19:27,600 --> 00:19:29,800 to try to achieve immortality. 267 00:19:31,320 --> 00:19:35,680 His looting of the local area soon riled up the villagers, 268 00:19:36,640 --> 00:19:39,920 putting his claims of immortality to the test. 269 00:19:41,720 --> 00:19:43,400 (Speaks Russian) 270 00:19:50,040 --> 00:19:52,320 With a sizable bounty on his head, 271 00:19:52,360 --> 00:19:56,280 he was shot to death by two opportunistic local huntsmen. 272 00:19:56,320 --> 00:19:58,000 (Gunshot) 273 00:20:01,040 --> 00:20:06,040 Oronto wouldn't be the castle's last occupant with sinister ambitions. 274 00:20:06,640 --> 00:20:08,480 In the late 1930s, 275 00:20:08,520 --> 00:20:12,080 it attracted the attention of some notorious occultists. 276 00:20:13,800 --> 00:20:16,160 (Tense music) 277 00:20:17,760 --> 00:20:20,880 There was another evil force coming to houska 278 00:20:20,920 --> 00:20:24,240 one that would do anything to achieve total domination. 279 00:20:25,320 --> 00:20:27,160 (Suspenseful music) 280 00:20:28,000 --> 00:20:30,840 When the second world war broke out in 1939 281 00:20:30,880 --> 00:20:33,880 the wharton ss took the castle for themselves. 282 00:20:35,840 --> 00:20:37,920 Their leader Heinrich himmler 283 00:20:37,960 --> 00:20:41,000 is said to have been fascinated by the supernatural. 284 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:46,200 It's theorised that himmler genuinely believed 285 00:20:46,240 --> 00:20:48,576 that the power of the old occult masters 286 00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:50,800 would help the Nazis rule the world. 287 00:20:51,720 --> 00:20:54,920 Himmler is said to have used his power 288 00:20:54,960 --> 00:20:59,960 to collect as many books about witchcraft, the supernatural 289 00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:02,680 and the occult as possible, 290 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:06,800 his collection totalled approximately 13,000 books 291 00:21:06,840 --> 00:21:08,560 and manuscripts. 292 00:21:10,240 --> 00:21:14,160 The castle was soon used in service of his obsession. 293 00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:17,960 (Ominous music) 294 00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:19,360 (Speaks Russian) 295 00:21:33,120 --> 00:21:39,000 But stories persist that the ss used houska as more than just a library. 296 00:21:40,600 --> 00:21:44,480 Locals claimed to have heard moans, screams and cries 297 00:21:44,520 --> 00:21:48,080 in many different languages coming from the castle at night. 298 00:21:49,400 --> 00:21:50,720 And the rumour went around 299 00:21:50,760 --> 00:21:54,440 that it was being used for some fringe scientific experiments 300 00:21:54,480 --> 00:21:56,200 on human subjects. 301 00:21:57,560 --> 00:21:59,999 Some claim that the ss were attempting to create super soldiers 302 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:01,936 some claim that the ss were attempting to create super soldiers 303 00:22:01,960 --> 00:22:04,560 by performing black magic rituals. 304 00:22:06,920 --> 00:22:08,480 (Speaks Russian) 305 00:22:24,520 --> 00:22:25,960 Once the war had ended, 306 00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:28,560 the castle was used as a children's home, 307 00:22:30,000 --> 00:22:35,200 one of its former residents told miroslav an unsettling story. 308 00:22:36,080 --> 00:22:37,760 (Speaks Russian) 309 00:23:01,680 --> 00:23:03,240 (Tense musical sting) 310 00:23:03,280 --> 00:23:07,360 The truth of what happened here may never be known. 311 00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:08,560 But there is no doubt 312 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:12,280 that a very real evil did stalk these halls. 313 00:23:13,160 --> 00:23:15,280 (Foreboding music) 314 00:23:15,320 --> 00:23:18,600 It's clear that himmler and some of his crackpot henchmen 315 00:23:18,640 --> 00:23:21,400 in the ss were profoundly into the occult 316 00:23:21,440 --> 00:23:23,416 but there's also a lot of exaggeration 317 00:23:23,440 --> 00:23:26,240 around how widespread that was. 318 00:23:26,280 --> 00:23:30,480 Sometimes it's difficult for us to understand 319 00:23:30,520 --> 00:23:32,080 how people could be so evil 320 00:23:32,120 --> 00:23:36,240 so we conjure these wild conspiracy theories 321 00:23:36,280 --> 00:23:42,880 to try to explain human psychology that we can't comprehend. 322 00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:46,480 (Ominous music) 323 00:23:52,520 --> 00:23:53,680 After the war, 324 00:23:53,720 --> 00:23:57,360 houska was seized by the communist state, 325 00:23:57,400 --> 00:23:59,999 it was finally returned to zuzana's family in the 1990s. 326 00:24:00,000 --> 00:24:02,720 It was finally returned to zuzana's family in the 1990s. 327 00:24:03,640 --> 00:24:06,760 Today she is working to preserve the castle 328 00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:09,880 and all its legends for future generations. 329 00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:14,760 (Speaks Russian) 330 00:24:36,480 --> 00:24:38,160 (Pacing music) 331 00:24:38,720 --> 00:24:40,840 On the coast of west Africa 332 00:24:40,880 --> 00:24:45,760 is a scarred structure that embodies a country's devastating past. 333 00:24:48,760 --> 00:24:50,760 (Suspenseful music) 334 00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:56,200 Liberia is one of the oldest nations on the continent of Africa 335 00:24:56,240 --> 00:24:59,680 and its capital is a city called Monrovia. 336 00:25:00,520 --> 00:25:05,720 Monrovia is a vibrant city with mainly low-rise buildings 337 00:25:05,760 --> 00:25:09,600 so this abandoned structure really stands out from the crowd. 338 00:25:11,280 --> 00:25:14,920 It's nine storeys tall, 300 rooms, 339 00:25:14,960 --> 00:25:17,840 judging by its size and organisation 340 00:25:17,880 --> 00:25:20,880 it might have been a hospital at one point 341 00:25:20,920 --> 00:25:23,000 or maybe a high-end office block. 342 00:25:24,200 --> 00:25:28,040 It looks like the place had been looted from top to bottom. 343 00:25:30,320 --> 00:25:32,256 This picture of the building is complicated 344 00:25:32,280 --> 00:25:34,080 by the structure that's next to it 345 00:25:34,120 --> 00:25:36,720 which is in this strange circular shape, 346 00:25:36,760 --> 00:25:39,280 it almost looks like a spaceship of some sort. 347 00:25:40,560 --> 00:25:44,280 One feature reveals what this place used to be. 348 00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:46,960 An empty swimming pool 349 00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:50,000 tells us that this building must have been a hotel. 350 00:25:50,960 --> 00:25:55,400 What ripped apart this once luxurious holiday hotspot? 351 00:25:56,600 --> 00:25:59,999 This hotel bears the scars of a catastrophic event. 352 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:02,600 This hotel bears the scars of a catastrophic event. 353 00:26:03,000 --> 00:26:04,920 (Soft music) 354 00:26:06,720 --> 00:26:09,600 Liberia is one of the poorest countries in the world 355 00:26:09,640 --> 00:26:10,800 so it's easy to forget 356 00:26:10,840 --> 00:26:13,560 that it was once one of Africa's richest nations. 357 00:26:16,320 --> 00:26:18,880 In the 1950s and '60s, 358 00:26:18,920 --> 00:26:23,640 Liberia's economy was thriving due to its rich natural resources 359 00:26:23,680 --> 00:26:27,000 such as rubber, iron ore and diamonds. 360 00:26:28,280 --> 00:26:32,480 With that came an appetite to tap into another industry. 361 00:26:33,080 --> 00:26:36,560 Liberia wanted to open the country up to more foreign tourists 362 00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:39,680 and this was the hotel to realise that ambition. 363 00:26:39,720 --> 00:26:41,120 (Dramatic music) 364 00:26:42,680 --> 00:26:45,760 This was the ducor palace hotel. 365 00:26:54,840 --> 00:26:58,400 Henry buckle used to work here as a bartender. 366 00:26:58,440 --> 00:26:59,999 (Pacing music) 367 00:27:00,000 --> 00:27:01,000 (Pacing music) 368 00:27:14,760 --> 00:27:16,680 Built-in 1960 369 00:27:16,720 --> 00:27:21,040 the ducor palace was operated by a well-known hotel empire. 370 00:27:22,000 --> 00:27:25,080 The intercontinental hotel chain took over 371 00:27:25,120 --> 00:27:27,120 and it became one of Africa's 372 00:27:27,160 --> 00:27:31,160 and even the world's most luxurious hotels. 373 00:27:33,840 --> 00:27:36,560 Africa's first five-star hotel 374 00:27:36,600 --> 00:27:39,240 changed the face of Liberia's capital. 375 00:27:40,920 --> 00:27:44,160 The hotel illuminated Monrovia's skies 376 00:27:44,200 --> 00:27:47,080 and it was the heart and soul of the city. 377 00:27:48,600 --> 00:27:52,520 And it was a stomping ground for many of the rich and famous. 378 00:27:52,560 --> 00:27:55,680 And hosted important African leaders. 379 00:27:56,760 --> 00:27:59,999 One caretaker claimed he even saw idi armin the Ugandan dictator 380 00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:01,256 one caretaker claimed he even saw idi armin the Ugandan dictator 381 00:28:01,280 --> 00:28:05,000 swimming in the pool while still wearing his gun. 382 00:28:24,560 --> 00:28:27,680 It offered its guests whether from home or abroad 383 00:28:27,720 --> 00:28:30,400 the very best from the moment they arrived. 384 00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:33,480 (Soft music) 385 00:28:33,520 --> 00:28:36,840 The architecture was big, bold and modern, 386 00:28:36,880 --> 00:28:40,760 it had a covered circular driveway with these beautiful blue tiles 387 00:28:40,800 --> 00:28:43,640 so the guests really got dropped off in style. 388 00:29:00,480 --> 00:29:04,400 From the lobby, you could ascend the grand circular stairway 389 00:29:04,440 --> 00:29:06,240 to the main restaurant. 390 00:29:07,120 --> 00:29:11,680 And the creme de la creme, a 360-degree rooftop bar 391 00:29:11,720 --> 00:29:13,600 from which to enjoy the vista. 392 00:29:15,240 --> 00:29:17,320 Henry's career in the hotel evolved 393 00:29:17,360 --> 00:29:19,480 from bartender to chef. 394 00:29:34,960 --> 00:29:37,040 In the 1960s and 1970s, 395 00:29:37,080 --> 00:29:40,360 it was a place of prosperity and extreme privilege. 396 00:29:41,920 --> 00:29:44,160 However, by the 1980s 397 00:29:44,200 --> 00:29:47,080 a radical change was on the horizon. 398 00:29:47,120 --> 00:29:51,080 Intercontinental ceased management of ducor palace. 399 00:29:51,120 --> 00:29:54,360 It was only the start of the hotel's troubles. 400 00:29:55,920 --> 00:29:57,440 In 1989, 401 00:29:57,480 --> 00:29:59,999 a civil war was about to break out in Liberia 402 00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:00,200 a civil war was about to break out in Liberia 403 00:30:00,240 --> 00:30:03,560 and the hotel reacted by closing its doors to visitors. 404 00:30:06,160 --> 00:30:09,440 Trained rebels invaded Liberia from the neighbouring country 405 00:30:09,480 --> 00:30:13,160 the Ivory Coast, they were led by Charles Taylor 406 00:30:13,200 --> 00:30:16,320 who wanted to overthrow Liberian government and take over. 407 00:30:17,600 --> 00:30:22,040 Taylor a sacked government worker had fled to the us 408 00:30:22,080 --> 00:30:23,600 where he was imprisoned, 409 00:30:23,640 --> 00:30:28,000 only to escape and return home as head of a rebel militia. 410 00:30:29,440 --> 00:30:34,040 But they weren't the only insurgents determined to topple the regime. 411 00:30:34,080 --> 00:30:35,920 (Gunshots) 412 00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:37,240 In 1990 413 00:30:37,280 --> 00:30:40,040 a rival guerrilla force beat them to it, 414 00:30:40,080 --> 00:30:43,000 torturing and murdering the president. 415 00:30:44,800 --> 00:30:46,120 Once that was done, 416 00:30:46,160 --> 00:30:48,016 both groups turned against each other 417 00:30:48,040 --> 00:30:50,360 and plunged Liberia into a civil war. 418 00:30:51,720 --> 00:30:56,720 By 1992 fighting had intensified in Monrovia. 419 00:30:56,760 --> 00:30:59,999 The hotel now housing an interim government 420 00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:00,120 the hotel now housing an interim government 421 00:31:00,160 --> 00:31:03,000 offered some protection from the bloodshed. 422 00:31:03,040 --> 00:31:08,360 Four years later, a seize fire bought some respite from the violence 423 00:31:08,400 --> 00:31:12,400 and a surprising winner emerged from elections that followed. 424 00:31:12,440 --> 00:31:15,040 In 1997 Charles Taylor won an election 425 00:31:15,080 --> 00:31:16,920 and became president of Liberia 426 00:31:16,960 --> 00:31:20,200 but there were many who were not happy with this. 427 00:31:22,880 --> 00:31:25,120 Under a tyrannical regime, 428 00:31:25,160 --> 00:31:29,400 the hotel would soon find itself once again caught in the crossfire. 429 00:31:31,800 --> 00:31:35,360 This hotel which had a strategic view of the city 430 00:31:35,400 --> 00:31:39,920 became a firing position for Taylor's rag-tag army. 431 00:31:42,800 --> 00:31:47,920 Liberia's second civil war was finally bought to an end in 2003 432 00:31:48,800 --> 00:31:52,280 after George w bush called for Taylor to step down 433 00:31:52,920 --> 00:31:57,160 and he was indicted by a UN-sponsored war crimes tribunal. 434 00:31:59,400 --> 00:32:00,000 This prompted Charles Taylor's resignation 435 00:32:00,001 --> 00:32:02,016 this prompted Charles Taylor's resignation 436 00:32:02,040 --> 00:32:06,000 from his office of president and he was exiled to Nigeria. 437 00:32:08,000 --> 00:32:09,720 Taylor was gone 438 00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:13,560 but Liberia's economy and infrastructure was shattered. 439 00:32:14,520 --> 00:32:18,880 It was one of Africa's bloodiest and most brutal conflicts, 440 00:32:18,920 --> 00:32:22,520 it resulted in the fatalities of a quarter million residents 441 00:32:22,560 --> 00:32:25,016 and this is in a country where the entire population 442 00:32:25,040 --> 00:32:26,720 is just over 2 million. 443 00:32:29,000 --> 00:32:31,680 The hotel found another purpose 444 00:32:31,720 --> 00:32:36,440 as a home to thousands of displaced residents from the slums of Monrovia. 445 00:32:37,520 --> 00:32:39,600 They were moved in 2007 446 00:32:39,640 --> 00:32:41,936 when the Liberian government leased the hotel 447 00:32:41,960 --> 00:32:45,600 to none other than the Libyan despot colonel gaddafi 448 00:32:45,640 --> 00:32:48,640 who was a keen purchaser of African prime real estate. 449 00:33:00,400 --> 00:33:03,880 Gaddafi was now in charge of a multi-million dollar refit 450 00:33:03,920 --> 00:33:07,240 of the hotel ducor but not for long. 451 00:33:09,040 --> 00:33:10,040 In 2010, 452 00:33:10,080 --> 00:33:12,480 a clean-up of the war-torn building began 453 00:33:13,040 --> 00:33:16,720 but relations were turning sour between the Liberian government 454 00:33:16,760 --> 00:33:18,080 and gaddafi 455 00:33:18,120 --> 00:33:20,440 and so the project kept being delayed. 456 00:33:20,840 --> 00:33:23,120 Gaddafi was killed by his own people 457 00:33:23,160 --> 00:33:26,040 and with his demise came the collapse of his projects 458 00:33:26,080 --> 00:33:29,840 including the rehabilitation of the ducor palace hotel. 459 00:33:33,600 --> 00:33:35,400 (Suspenseful music) 460 00:33:38,640 --> 00:33:43,080 Liberia is in the midst of a slow painful process of rebuilding 461 00:33:43,120 --> 00:33:44,800 following its civil war, 462 00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:49,160 hotels are once again starting to open for business for tourists. 463 00:33:51,680 --> 00:33:54,480 Although there are still no plans to revive 464 00:33:54,520 --> 00:33:56,800 what was once the pride of Liberia, 465 00:33:58,600 --> 00:33:59,999 it remains a special place for Monrovia's residents. 466 00:34:00,000 --> 00:34:02,600 It remains a special place for Monrovia's residents. 467 00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:05,640 Locals still like to visit, 468 00:34:06,360 --> 00:34:08,080 they spend special occasions here 469 00:34:08,120 --> 00:34:11,080 such as Christmas and independence day 470 00:34:11,120 --> 00:34:13,520 so they can admire its spectacular views. 471 00:34:18,080 --> 00:34:21,000 In north central Arizona, usa, 472 00:34:21,040 --> 00:34:23,560 concealed within this barren land 473 00:34:23,600 --> 00:34:27,000 is the story of a way of life forever lost. 474 00:34:30,679 --> 00:34:33,199 They call it the painted desert for a reason, 475 00:34:33,240 --> 00:34:38,199 the rocks and stones and spaces just have so many different colours, 476 00:34:38,240 --> 00:34:41,080 nature has created this space 477 00:34:41,120 --> 00:34:44,920 that it looks like an artist has taken to it. 478 00:34:44,960 --> 00:34:46,840 It's just so beautiful. 479 00:34:50,120 --> 00:34:52,056 Almost blending in with the landscape 480 00:34:52,080 --> 00:34:54,560 you start to pick out these structures. 481 00:34:55,199 --> 00:34:56,880 As you get a little bit closer 482 00:34:56,920 --> 00:34:59,416 you can see that these are definitely manmade, 483 00:34:59,440 --> 00:35:00,000 they have stacked stones and were once very carefully built. 484 00:35:00,001 --> 00:35:04,840 They have stacked stones and were once very carefully built. 485 00:35:05,560 --> 00:35:07,520 As you go from room to room 486 00:35:07,560 --> 00:35:11,880 it becomes clear that this was part of a really large settlement. 487 00:35:14,120 --> 00:35:17,800 Distinctive dark features in the surrounding terrain 488 00:35:17,840 --> 00:35:21,000 are a tell-tale reminder of a violent past. 489 00:35:22,400 --> 00:35:25,880 Nearby the geology around the trail starts to look a bit different, 490 00:35:25,920 --> 00:35:28,840 this rock looks to be lava flows. 491 00:35:28,880 --> 00:35:32,880 In the distance, you can see a distinctly shaped hill 492 00:35:32,920 --> 00:35:35,880 and as you get closer you realise it's a volcano. 493 00:35:37,720 --> 00:35:41,240 Could this have something to do with these ruins in the desert? 494 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:46,040 (Suspenseful music) 495 00:35:47,400 --> 00:35:49,480 Working in this beautiful landscape, 496 00:35:49,520 --> 00:35:52,760 this beautiful environment is really enlightening, 497 00:35:52,800 --> 00:35:54,936 I take a lot of personal gratification 498 00:35:54,960 --> 00:35:57,880 from being able to share that with other people 499 00:35:57,920 --> 00:35:59,999 especially when so much of our landscapes 500 00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:00,960 especially when so much of our landscapes 501 00:36:01,000 --> 00:36:03,640 surrounding cities and towns is being developed 502 00:36:03,680 --> 00:36:06,960 and being you know, changed forever. 503 00:36:08,320 --> 00:36:10,560 Ian hough is an archaeologist 504 00:36:10,600 --> 00:36:12,680 fascinated by the ancient communities 505 00:36:12,720 --> 00:36:15,760 that once inhabited this unforgiving terrain. 506 00:36:17,480 --> 00:36:20,840 Decades of research have helped uncover the mystery 507 00:36:20,880 --> 00:36:23,480 of what bought life to this arid region. 508 00:36:25,000 --> 00:36:28,520 You look across that landscape and it looks very harsh 509 00:36:28,560 --> 00:36:31,520 and inhospitable and indeed it is. 510 00:36:32,240 --> 00:36:34,336 But people you know, 900 years ago 511 00:36:34,360 --> 00:36:37,280 found a way to live in that environment 512 00:36:37,320 --> 00:36:39,160 and thrive for multiple generations 513 00:36:39,200 --> 00:36:41,880 so it's a testament to their resiliency 514 00:36:41,920 --> 00:36:44,640 and their adaptability. 515 00:36:44,680 --> 00:36:47,200 Just looking at this it is very obvious 516 00:36:47,240 --> 00:36:49,416 that these people had a lot of skill, 517 00:36:49,440 --> 00:36:51,760 that this was a complex society 518 00:36:51,800 --> 00:36:56,000 that had a community that was able to do something 519 00:36:56,040 --> 00:36:57,840 at this sophisticated level. 520 00:36:58,880 --> 00:36:59,999 This is the wupatki pueblo, 521 00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:01,880 this is the wupatki pueblo, 522 00:37:01,920 --> 00:37:04,600 an ancient indigenous American settlement 523 00:37:04,640 --> 00:37:06,960 once home to hundreds of people. 524 00:37:08,280 --> 00:37:12,080 So right now I'm standing at the base of the citadel 525 00:37:12,120 --> 00:37:14,456 and it's one of the larger archaeological sites here 526 00:37:14,480 --> 00:37:16,280 at wupatki national monument. 527 00:37:16,320 --> 00:37:19,040 When this place was built and occupied, 528 00:37:19,080 --> 00:37:22,240 the walls would have been a little bit taller than what you see today. 529 00:37:22,840 --> 00:37:25,960 It was built up high for the, you know, commanding view, 530 00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:29,840 360 degrees around that you can see. 531 00:37:29,880 --> 00:37:33,560 It probably began its life as the home of a single family 532 00:37:33,600 --> 00:37:35,600 and then just grew over time 533 00:37:35,640 --> 00:37:39,560 until it became this sprawling hundred room pueblo. 534 00:37:40,800 --> 00:37:43,016 Within the middle may have been an open area 535 00:37:43,040 --> 00:37:48,320 or a Plaza and people would have been going about daily activities 536 00:37:48,360 --> 00:37:51,080 and that could be anything from preparing food 537 00:37:51,120 --> 00:37:56,080 to you know, playing with children to just going about daily chores. 538 00:37:57,760 --> 00:37:59,999 The people that called this home 539 00:38:00,000 --> 00:38:00,080 the people that called this home 540 00:38:00,120 --> 00:38:03,920 were some of the first to roam this parched land 541 00:38:03,960 --> 00:38:06,160 and they came from far and wide. 542 00:38:07,440 --> 00:38:08,720 Through oral tradition, 543 00:38:08,760 --> 00:38:13,200 we're able to determine that the builders of the wupatki pueblo 544 00:38:13,240 --> 00:38:18,760 are the ancestors of the hopi people and likely of the zuni as well. 545 00:38:20,080 --> 00:38:23,520 There was a real melting pot of different cultures and groups 546 00:38:23,560 --> 00:38:27,480 who were living here and in Harmony in these buildings. 547 00:38:27,520 --> 00:38:29,280 And so the big question is, 548 00:38:29,320 --> 00:38:32,480 how were these people able to sustain themselves? 549 00:38:32,520 --> 00:38:39,000 When the reality of the physical space they're in is just so poor. 550 00:38:39,920 --> 00:38:43,560 You need to have good farming land in order to grow crops, 551 00:38:43,600 --> 00:38:46,760 you cannot just live on hunting alone. 552 00:38:47,360 --> 00:38:49,400 It seems the key to life here 553 00:38:49,440 --> 00:38:53,360 lies around 15 miles southwest of the wupatki pueblo 554 00:38:54,920 --> 00:38:57,600 at the sunset crater volcano. 555 00:38:58,680 --> 00:38:59,999 Around 1085ad, the volcano erupted 556 00:39:00,000 --> 00:39:02,256 around 1085ad, the volcano erupted 557 00:39:02,280 --> 00:39:07,120 and it sent out a massive plume of smoke and ash in this region. 558 00:39:09,520 --> 00:39:13,200 We have some evidence that shows the sunset crater volcano erupted 559 00:39:13,240 --> 00:39:14,880 in the late 1080s 560 00:39:14,920 --> 00:39:18,320 and it could have been an eruption that lasted for several years. 561 00:39:18,960 --> 00:39:24,920 Ash and cinder would have drifted out across this entire landscape, 562 00:39:24,960 --> 00:39:28,080 mostly due to the prevailing winds coming from the southwest 563 00:39:28,120 --> 00:39:31,720 and pushing that ash plume out in this area. 564 00:39:32,440 --> 00:39:38,440 This eruption was most definitely witnessed by the ancestors 565 00:39:38,480 --> 00:39:41,080 of today's pueblo Indians. 566 00:39:41,720 --> 00:39:44,840 They're going to have seen it, they're going to have fled from it 567 00:39:44,880 --> 00:39:47,160 and we believe they survived it. 568 00:39:48,960 --> 00:39:51,800 It changed the lives of the people living here 569 00:39:51,840 --> 00:39:54,480 but probably not in the way you imagine it. 570 00:39:55,080 --> 00:39:57,280 Instead of destroying life here, 571 00:39:57,320 --> 00:39:59,999 it created the conditions for a community to prosper. 572 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,640 It created the conditions for a community to prosper. 573 00:40:03,760 --> 00:40:05,576 At several points during the explosion, 574 00:40:05,600 --> 00:40:09,280 cindery ash was thrown up to 18 miles into the air, 575 00:40:09,320 --> 00:40:12,080 all of this volcanic material settled on the landscape 576 00:40:12,120 --> 00:40:14,800 and acted as a kind of sponge. 577 00:40:14,840 --> 00:40:17,880 It helped the soil absorb water 578 00:40:17,920 --> 00:40:22,440 and it made it possible for this new community to grow food 579 00:40:22,480 --> 00:40:23,880 and survive. 580 00:40:25,160 --> 00:40:29,520 But the life-giving force that spewed forth from the volcano's bowels 581 00:40:29,560 --> 00:40:31,520 would soon be depleted. 582 00:40:33,200 --> 00:40:38,080 It looks like people stopped building additional rooms 583 00:40:38,120 --> 00:40:42,600 and expanding the pueblo in 1225 or 1250 584 00:40:42,640 --> 00:40:44,400 and certainly by 1250 585 00:40:44,440 --> 00:40:48,280 it appears people are leaving that particular location 586 00:40:48,320 --> 00:40:52,760 to set up pueblos in nearby areas not that far away. 587 00:40:54,720 --> 00:40:57,800 The theories today about the wupatki pueblo 588 00:40:57,840 --> 00:40:59,999 is that after 100 years or so 589 00:41:00,000 --> 00:41:00,480 is that after 100 years or so 590 00:41:00,520 --> 00:41:03,200 the soil had lost its fertility, 591 00:41:03,240 --> 00:41:05,040 the ash had degraded enough 592 00:41:05,080 --> 00:41:07,880 that it wasn't able to sustain the soil anymore 593 00:41:07,920 --> 00:41:10,040 and so the people moved on. 594 00:41:12,280 --> 00:41:13,520 But that wasn't the end, 595 00:41:13,560 --> 00:41:15,320 about 500 years later 596 00:41:15,360 --> 00:41:18,160 navajo people took up residence in the region. 597 00:41:18,880 --> 00:41:22,480 In time a controversial new government policy 598 00:41:22,520 --> 00:41:25,400 threatened the navajo's very existence. 599 00:41:27,120 --> 00:41:29,040 In the 1860s, 600 00:41:29,080 --> 00:41:32,680 the navajo were one of those people who were moved by force, 601 00:41:32,720 --> 00:41:36,240 they were made to walk 500 miles away 602 00:41:36,280 --> 00:41:41,440 from the area where they had been living to a reservation system. 603 00:41:42,080 --> 00:41:44,400 Peshlakai etsetti and his wives 604 00:41:44,440 --> 00:41:47,400 were amongst the people who were forced to march to fort sumter 605 00:41:47,440 --> 00:41:48,720 and held there, 606 00:41:48,760 --> 00:41:51,016 they were eventually released in 1868 607 00:41:51,040 --> 00:41:53,400 and they returned to the wupakti area. 608 00:41:54,480 --> 00:41:57,720 But the peshlakai family's life at wupakti 609 00:41:57,760 --> 00:41:59,999 ends with the death of Stella peshlakai. 610 00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:02,400 Ends with the death of Stella peshlakai. 611 00:42:02,600 --> 00:42:04,960 This bought an end to the latest period 612 00:42:05,000 --> 00:42:07,680 of indigenous American settlement here 613 00:42:07,720 --> 00:42:11,440 and the national park service became caretakers of the land. 614 00:42:16,080 --> 00:42:20,880 Today the park service continues its work to preserve the integrity 615 00:42:20,920 --> 00:42:25,400 of this ancient site and its earliest occupants. 616 00:42:27,400 --> 00:42:31,000 It's important to recognise places like wupakti as not being abandoned 617 00:42:31,040 --> 00:42:36,120 in the sense that the word suggests nobody appears to be living there 618 00:42:36,160 --> 00:42:40,960 but through consultation with our associated tribal communities, 619 00:42:41,000 --> 00:42:44,600 we've learned that they view places like wupakti pueblo 620 00:42:44,640 --> 00:42:46,720 as still being inhabited. 621 00:42:48,280 --> 00:42:51,760 For the modern people who are descended from the villages here 622 00:42:51,800 --> 00:42:53,800 at wupatki, 623 00:42:53,840 --> 00:42:57,200 it is still full of the spirits of their ancestors. 624 00:42:57,240 --> 00:42:59,999 Captioned by ai-media ai-media. TV 625 00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:01,320 captioned by ai-media ai-media. TV 51346

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