All language subtitles for Abandoned.Engineering.S09E11.Treasures.To.Die.For.1080p.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-squalor_track3_[eng]

Tom ward (narrates):
In new Mexico usa

an outpost built on
deception and lies.

People came to
make their fortune

but what they found was
betrayal, violence and retribution.

An institution in Scotland that
started a medical revolution.

These buildings represent
a real turning point

in the history of medicine.

A factory in Germany

that gave the world
a popular product.

Some people called it white
gold because it was so valuable.

And in Iraq a lost city, the
former home of two tyrants.

It's clearly the site
of a famous ruler,

but it's not the person you
really think it's gonna be.

Decaying relics,
shadows of lost worlds.

Ruins haunted by the past,

their secrets waiting
to be revealed.

Between Edinburgh and
Glasgow in central Scotland,

an imposing ruin
cast a long shadow.

This epic building rising
out of the woodlands

which is totally roofless.

Very imposing, made of stone,

designed almost like a giant
church with two clock or bell towers.

But they're totally dilapidated,

everything is just
collapsed in to chaos inside.

There is so much
feeling of disaster here,

that you can't help...

But think that this is
a dangerous place.

There are clues here
about a terrifying past.

So, you used to
find old wheelchairs,

an electric shockbox,
we've found straitjackets,

we've found probes as well.

Here in lanarkshire,

people viewed this
place as frightening

as an object of suspicion
and it was a threat.

Hartwood was like the place
that everybody was scared of...

When we were younger.

Lorraine Duncan grew up in
the shadow of this spooky place.

It was a place that we associated
with the bogeyman, as we called it.

A place that you were threatened
with to go to if you misbehaved

or if you were just naughty
with your mum and dad.

People could get locked
up here against their will

and be in that grim forbidding
place for the rest of their lives.

This complex was
hartwood hospital,

a psychiatric asylum

that served lanarkshire
in Scotland for a century.

It's notorious, yeah.

There's quite a few
asylums in lanarkshire

but this is one of the biggest.

In the 1950s

it was one of the largest
mental institutions in Europe

with over 2,500 patients.

By this time it had developed
a fearsome reputation,

forged since it's opening
in the late 19th century.

When the building of
this impressive place

began in 1890

it was designed to
accommodate 420 patients.

The main building
had this elegant look,

almost like a large cathedral
with two beautiful clock towers.

Wherever you're driving from...
You can actually see those towers.

So, it was a basically, "look
at me, look how good I am."

Overlooking the new
completed asylum

was the home of its
first superintendent

dr Archibald Campbell Clarke,

an experimental physician
who pushed boundaries.

Where we are just now
is Campbell Clark's house

so this was the very first building
to be built in the hartwood estate.

The work started
in January 1890,

this was basically
Campbell Clark's empire

so that he could actually
look out to hartwood that side

and look out to all the
surrounding grounds.

Campbell Clark bought
ground breaking ideas

in mental health to hartwood.

These buildings represent
a real turning point

in the history of medicine.

Way back in the victorian times
it was very, very brutal, asylums.

They were called inmates,

so that tells you quite a lot

about the attitudes towards
mental health and asylums.

Dr Campbell Clark's view

is that mental institutions
ought to be a place

where people would
not be restrained,

they wouldn't be
in strait jackets.

Clark thought it
was vitally important

for patients to live

something like a normal life.

The hospital staff members

were particularly
keen for their patients

to share leisure
time with one another.

You had the male warden,
you had the female warden,

they would come in together
in to one big main dining room

which is over there.

It would hold about 600 people
with the big impressive windows,

I can always remember
the big impressive windows

at the front

and then upstairs
was what they called...

The recreational room

which would 1,200 people
where they would have the cinemas

and the dancing and...

And just have a
jolly time in the place.

Dr Campbell Clarke hoped
these communal activities

would help the hospital
achieve its ultimate goal.

His vision was to create
this nurturing environment

and get them back
out into their homes

and back in to
their communities.

One of his more
revolutionary ideas

was to get the patients
to work on the site.

Male patients were put to work

as tailors, shoe makers,
bakers, gardeners,

whereas the women were
put to work in the kitchen

and generally doing the
housework around the ward.

Today we call this
occupational therapy

and working folding sheets

or in the kitchen or
tending vegetables

might not sound that exciting

but for a patient who might
otherwise be sitting in a room

staring at the walls,

this was something
that was very healthy.

Eventually hartwood became
less reliant on the outside world.

In time hartwood hospital was
almost entirely self-sustaining.

The compound, it had
gardens for growing food,

it had a small cemetery,
various workshops.

It even had its
own railway station,

a branch line from
the caledonian railway,

Scotland's major 19th
century train network.

So, this here is part
of the railway line

and it was used to bring
in the coal and supplies

and it would come in to
the kitchen and sculleries

and that was
about this area here,

it would bring in coal
which is about 9 shillings

a tonne at the time but
that's what powered hartwood

and created the generation
and the heat and the hot water.

This was a tiny little boom town
built around ideas of mental health.

As part of his radical
reform in mental health,

Campbell Clark
introduced an over haul

in the training of nurses.

The speciality of
psychiatric nursing to this day

owes some of its
origins to this institution

and to its visionary director.

So, where we are just
now is the old nursing home.

It was ultimately to be
used as a training hospital.

This is actually the first time
I have been in since 1994.

The state of the place, and
how much it's been ruined.

It's a shame, it's a loss.

A total loss.

Hartwood discharged
more patients

than any other
hospital in the country...

But some of the methods
used are outlawed today.

When they started
demolishing the buildings

things were just like
abandoned everywhere

and we've found straitjackets,

we've found probes as well

that would have been used
to electric shock people,

they would force feed
them, they would starve them.

It's safe to say that people
in the local community

don't believe that the
conditions at hartwood

even under Campbell Clark

were as humane as
they appeared on paper.

The standards of the
care of the mentally ill

in that era were
really quite dark.

Campbell Clark trialled
experimental new procedures

and ended up turning hartwood
in to something else entirely.

It is said that Campbell Clark
was one of the early doctors

to perform lobotomies
on his patients.

Viewed as a kind
of miracle cure,

surgeons drill two
holes in to the skull

then insert a sharp
spiked instrument

in to the brain to cut
off the frontal lobe.

It was the first man actually
to bring lobotomies to Europe,

a lot was experimental

which they believed that they
could actually rewire their brains

and they would basically make
them in to a vegetable state.

And they didn't learn,
they would do one

and then they would
move on to another one

until they could actually find a
cure which they never ever did.

What we do in mental health now,

you would never dream
of doing anything like that.

But what we need to remember
is in the late 1800s early 1900s,

that was normal.

That was seen as
being groundbreaking.

In 1901 dr Campbell
Clark died of influenza,

some say he was a
pioneer in patient care.

Others that he
exploited his position

to experiment on
vulnerable people...

But after his death the
horrors at hartwood escalated.

The problem is that
dr Campbell Clark

dies a very young man

but people who come after
him are not as dedicated

to rehabilitation and
to occupational therapy.

Over time the hospital
population grew dramatically

and the conditions deteriorated.

Hartwood was seen
as a horror house

and most disturbing at all
anyone could find themselves here.

1927, you could
actually just drive up here

and dump your
wife off at the gate.

Pay the 5 pounds
and away you go.

The reasons that you
were put into hartwood

is would turn your
stomach nowadays.

You could be committed
for getting pregnant,

'cause you couldn't
hold down a job

or you could be
sent to an institution

because your
relatives didn't like you.

We've found people
who were epileptic,

we've got kids who
were poor in youth,

who were put into hartwood.

It's totally mind-blowing.

Being drunk, that was
another one we found.

A 24-year-old woman who
had been wandering the streets

and the police actually
brought her here

and she lived her
life in hartwood.

By the end of the 20th century,

reforms in legislation spelt
the beginning of the end

for hartwood.

By the late 20th century

the standards of
care for the mentally ill

had changed a lot.

Community care act was an
effort to shut down the old asylums

and distribute patients
in smaller facilities

or in their own communities
with some kind of support system.

That was the end of
the line for hartwood

and other large
asylums of that type.

The hospital closed in 1998,

today dedicated
locals like Lorraine

are determined to recognise
the forgotten patients

and outcasts of hartwood.

So, we're in hartwood cemetery,

we have got 635 graves
and we've got 1,255 people.

Sadly the hospital's
medical and cemetery records

were destroyed or are missing,

leaving only numbers as
a record of those who died.

So, now what we're trying
to do is dig up all the numbers

and give everybody
their name back.

And give them their
dignity and the respect

that they should be due.

South of Baghdad in Iraq

on an endless desert plain
lie the ruins of a lost city.

This harsh landscape,

broken only by the euphrates

was once home to the greatest
city the world had yet seen.

A city that was not just
central to the culture

and politics of the region

but significant in
the entire history

of the civilised world.

When you first see
this site from above

it looks like a labyrinth,

not just a hodge podge
of different structures

but an actual maze.

This place is just massive

and it's surrounded
by huge fortified walls.

But not everything
in this ruin is ancient.

You can see the kind
of classic sort of ruins

that you might expect from
an old archaeological site

with walls sort of
crumbling away.

But then you turn a corner

and there's a wall that looks like
it was made a couple of days ago

so you've got this kind of
juxtaposition of old and new.

Stories of this place
have endured through time.

Even appearing in
the pages of the Bible.

In its time

this was one of the
largest cities on the planet.

Tales of its construction and
the powerful ruler who built it,

still echo around
the world to this day.

Allegedly this place was home

to one of the seven
wonders of the ancient world

but it's never been found

prompting the question
did it even exist?

This is the ancient
city of Babylon,

the supposed home
to a lost wonder.

The hanging gardens of Babylon

are described as
this extraordinary feat

of engineering,

these layers of lush vegetation

fed through a complex
system of waterways

that by some accounts
kind of defy gravity

as they rise up out
of the desert plain.

But the ancient gardens
have disappeared.

The many Greek and Roman
accounts of the hanging gardens

are all second hand

so archaeologists
have searched in vain

for the exact location
of the hanging gardens.

For two millennia people
have only been able to guess

at the location of the
gardens of Babylon.

But in 1902 one man
believed he'd found it.

Babylon it was very
important for me

because it's the
centre of our civilisation.

Mohammed tahir is a
scholar of ancient Babylon.

When we were children my
father used to bring us to visit.

He insisted to learn
us to love the heritage.

Our heritage.

The heritage here goes
back more than 2,000 years,

part of that history
is written on the walls.

Here we have original stone,

it is limestone in about 605 bc.

All these are original
writing and here

this is the name of
nebuchadnezzar ii.

Nebuchadnezzar ii
was king of babylonia.

He claimed to be descended
from fabled rulers...

But his reign saw him
build a legend of his own.

Nebuchadnezzar ii

is known as the greatest king
of the new babylonian empire,

he ruled over much of what is today
the middle east from 604 to 562 bce.

Nebuchadnezzar had
an interesting strategy

to ensure that his name
would leave on in to posterity,

he had it carved in
to many of the bricks.

His greatest legacies

are the surviving structures
of the ancient city of Babylon,

the place where
he built his capital.

He rebuilt Babylon trying
to top the previous version.

Ancient sources say the city
had between 300 and 400 temples.

And to defend his capital
city, he built the ishtar gate.

Ishtar gate was one of
nine gates in Babylon.

The army of Babylon,

they used to stand at
the top of ishtar gate

for protection.

So, you can
imagine you sort of...

You're allowed
through the ishtar gate

and you're presented with
this amazing processional way,

this... this... this artery
that runs north, south,

through the whole of the city

and this would have been
used for religious festivals

but also to parade the
armies up and down

as they went off to
fight their adversaries.

But the processional
way is not like it once was.

Today the ishtar gate
in Babylon is a fake.

This is not original,
this is replica.

It is designed

by one of Iraqi
committee in 1958.

Nebuchadnezzar's Babylon
has stood for nearly 3,000 years

but its history was changed forever
by the emergence of a new tyrant,

his name was Saddam hussain.

Part of his vision was to
lead a pan arabist empire

that would stretch over
pretty much the same territory

as nebuchadnezzar's
had done centuries earlier.

He kind of models himself
on these kings of the past

and what he does with
Babylon instead of preserving it

or excavating it even further

he starts to
actually build on it.

It's said that
nebuchadnezzar decreed

that when his grandsons
returned to the city of Babylon

they should rebuild
it to its former glory.

So, Saddam, he considered
himself in his mind

he was grandson of nebuchadnezzar
and he followed this advice

and he decided to
rebuild the palace again.

Saddam built his new monuments
on top of ancient Babylon

but when he was deposed
the city was abandoned

and its history destroyed.

In my view,

the structures that Saddam
Hussein built on the site

should be removed,

yes, they're of
historic relevance

but they are not of global
historical significance

the way Babylon is
for the entire world.

Areas of Babylon
had been lost forever

but one relic might have
been hidden in a place

where even Saddam
couldn't get his hands on it.

In 1899,

famous archaeologist
Robert koldewey

started a large-scale
excavation of the site

using comparatively
modern techniques.

During the excavations

it was in the north-east
corner that they found

these chambers
and a kind of well

and it was thought that
this might be a place

where they drew up water to
feed the gardens of Babylon.

Robert koldewey
discovered a basement

with 14 rooms and stone arches.

They appeared to
match the descriptions

of the hanging
gardens in ancient texts.

But it turns out that
this sort of theory

of the north-east corner
being the gardens of Babylon

was probably not quite the case

'cause actually
from the architecture

and the fact that this
area was much lower

than the surrounding buildings

it meant that it was probably
used as a kind of natural fridge

so the hot air of
the desert rising,

this area would maintain
a kind of low temperature

so you could keep wine in there,

in affect almost like
the local wine store.

Robert koldewey left Babylon

without ever finding
its hanging gardens.

Now, after Saddam's interventions
they may never be found at all.

Currently a large-scale
conservation project

hopes to train local technicians
to help preserve the city

and ultimately get it qualified
as a world heritage site.

My hope for the future,

I want to see Babylon as a
centre for tourism in the world

because Babylon deserves that.

Deep within new Mexico's
chihuahuan desert,

among the rattle
snacks and tumbleweeds

sits a time capsule
of america's past.

There's nothing
around for miles on end,

just mountains and desert.

You're in these dry
baron rolling hills

and then here's
this little cluster

of very plain
simple old buildings.

There's this dusty main street

that runs through
the centre of the town,

you can imagine that

there were probably
lots of people here before

but now everything is
empty, everyone is gone.

Strewn with trinkets
from a bygone era,

it feels like it's only
a matter of time

before everything here is
swallowed up by the desert.

There are broken
windows and rotting timbers

and even rusty wagons.

The paint is
peeled off the walls,

there's not much left
in the way of furniture.

Signs of a violent
past recall a time

when this part of america
was beyond the reach of law.

A noose hangs eerily
from one of the ceilings.

I'm not sure this is a town

I would have liked to
have spent much time in.

This really was the wild west,

it was a lawless frontier

and one wrong step and
you could be shot or hanged.

People came to
make their fortune

but what they found was
betrayal, violence and retribution.

Local resident Dave
ochsenbine knows firsthand

the difficulties of living in
such a harsh environment.

This is very hot
dry climate out here

and the ground is
very hard and rocky

so this would have been
a pretty tough place to live.

People take it for granted

how easy we actually
have it in day to day life.

It's a really harsh
climate and environment

but if there was such
a thriving town here

then there was something
that made that worthwhile.

Anytime you see manmade structures
in this kind of barren environment

you have to ask yourself,
"what bought people here,

"why would they build something
in this god forsaken place?"

This town first
made its early name

by mining the regions
rich silver deposits...

But by 1871

there were rumours that
something far more valuable

had been discovered here.

Diamonds.

This was huge

so miners come flooding
in and back come the bars,

and the brothels, and the
people and the trouble makers,

this time thinking they're
going to get rich on diamonds.

But diamonds
were just the newest

of the underground
discoveries in the region.

Another was made when
this place was a waterstop

in the middle of the
new Mexico desert.

This little spot had been
used by native peoples

for many centuries,

there's a small
water source here

which is always
important in the desert.

So, this army mail station

was the first building
on the property

because of that small spring,
constructed by the army in 1856,

they could water their horses up

while delivering
order between forts.

So, really in the beginning
this was just a stopping point,

there was no real reason
for people to actually live here,

that is until an incredible
discovery was made.

In 1870,

prospectors discovered
silver deposits in the area.

Almost overnight people
started moving to this town

and wanting to open
up mining claims

but to really develop the mines

they needed some
serious investment money.

With global demand
for silver on the rise,

one veteran of the
California gold rush

stepped in to stake his claim.

The big money came from a
guy named William rawlstone.

He was the head of
the bank of California

and one of the most
influential business people

in the west at that time.

With William rawlstone's financing
the town grew pretty quickly,

you know, there's
be 3,000 miners here

during the first boom

and there would have been
150 to 200 structures here

at that point.

But with so much
money to be made

and so far away
from civilised america,

maintaining the rule of law
was not an easy business.

This was a very harsh
rough town during its peak,

160 years ago you would
have seen many saloons

along this street

and with miners going in and
out of the different saloons,

they travelled in packs
during that time for protection.

So, all the old movies you've seen
of dangerous desert cowboy towns,

that's really what
this was kind of like.

There was no law
enforcement here,

you know, except
for the one agreed

upon what rule that if you killed
someone you had to Bury them.

Rawlstone was keen to
protect his investments

and so he employed a group
of hired guns from Texas.

In fact as they began
to develop this town,

they named it rawlstone
after the banker.

He had never been there

but the town carried
his name regardless,

it was a little bit like
somebody might name a town

Morgan Stanley
today or something.

A bankers name
was a stamp of quality

but a scandal was
about to hit the town.

In 1871,

a rumour got out that
diamonds were found

on one of rawlstone's
properties at Lee's peak

which was not too far outside
of the town of rawlstone.

Rawlstone was a big
investor in the diamond fields

with Lee's peak out here.

And with so much at stake,

rawlstone was forced
to recruit outlaws

to protect his interests.

The hired guns were to keep
people away from the mines,

guys like curly bill
broaches and Sandy king

would have been a
couple of the cowboys

that rawlstone had patrolling
the different hills here

and keeping people
away from the mines.

There was a lot of tension between
the miners and rawlstone's thugs.

There were many
rumours of fighting

and at one point it
almost came to all out war.

The discovery of diamonds

looks set to put this
frontier town on the map.

Which it did but for
the wrong reasons.

The great American
geologist Clarence king

was asked to come in
and look in to this claim

that there was a huge
diamond discovery in the west.

It all turned out to be a scam.

In reality two prospectors
planted diamonds

and other precious
gems in a remote spot

in a bid to con rawlstone
and other investors

to buying the land off them.

They'd actually bought South
African rough diamonds in england

and bought them
back over to america.

Rawlstone's company collapsed

and by late 1873
the town reverted

to pretty much a
desolate stage coach stop.

Rawlstone died
about two years later,

some people believe
it was by suicide

but that's not actually where
the story of this town stops.

In 1879,

English mining
engineer William g boyle

acquired the
dormant silver claims.

Boyle's investment breathed
new life in to the area

and sparked a
second boom period.

Boyle's first move was to
get rid of the name rawlstone

and replace it with someone
who was more widely revered,

William Shakespeare.

Boyle tried to erase the
past with this new name

and clean up the town's
tarnished reputation

but some old habits die hard.

Shakespeare had three saloons,

it had two blacksmiths,
two hotels, a meat market,

a mercantile shop and a lawyer

but that doesn't mean
the law had come to town.

This was a stage coach station

and this front room would
have been the dining room

and you would have had
passengers stopping here.

As you can see this not
only served as a dining room

but also served as the
hanging room as well,

the lack of tall
trees in the area,

you needed a place to
stretch someone's neck

and this became the room.

In 1881,

two wild west outlaws
met their end here.

One of the men Sandy
king was a hired gun

from the rawlstone era.

On one occasion Sandy
king got in to an altercation

with the local store keeper

and king actually
pulled out his gun

and ended up shooting
the store keepers finger off

so king was promptly arrested.

At about the same time,

William tatenbomb
a friend of king's

who was more commonly
known as Russian bill

was also arrested
for cattle wrestling.

Local militia here
would get together

and they'd already decided
they were gonna hang Russian bill

and they figured they may as well
just hang Sandy at the same time,

that way they only
had to dig the one hole.

On the afternoon of
November 9, 1881,

Sandy king and Russian
bill were hanged by the neck

until they were dead.

This will be a terrible
place to be hung,

this wouldn't be a drop
you and break your neck,

this would be a pull you, you
know, pull you up and tie you off.

The local militia
would just stand around

and wait until the
two men quit kicking

then these guys all
went back to their homes.

Not long after the
execution of the two outlaws,

Shakespeare became
a ghost town once again.

When the southern
pacific railroad company

completely their line

they actually bypassed
the town by 3 miles

and so once that happened,

everyone moved to lordsburg

which was the town that
was closest to the tracks.

Today, preserving Shakespeare
means a battle against the elements,

it's being fought by
Dave and his family.

Well, it's very important to me
because of the family connection

'cause they spent
so many years here

trying to keep this town going
and trying to keep this preserved

for people to come and enjoy.

Towns like this give us a lens
through which to look at our history

and they give us an
insight in to these little towns

that made up the wild
west, the lawless west

from which our
country grew out of.

In Germany is the birth place
of an item found in every home.

Outside the place has the
feeling maybe of a hospital

or a sanatorium

but inside you're confronted
with the fragile remains

of something very different.

This building isn't water tight,

if it rains outside
it's raining inside.

When you look at these machines

and all of the industrial
investment in this place,

it's easy to imagine

hard working people coming
here to earn their living,

everything here clicking and
whirring along day after day.

Why did they stop?

This is a huge complex

and there's something new
to explore around every corner,

there's machines, there's
old files and documents.

But you also start
to feel a bit uneasy,

why is it that every
now and again...

Something crunches
delicately underfoot.

When this place was built,

Germany was a world
leader in a fine craft.

Tim Morris is dedicated
to preserving its heritage.

In every corner are
the fragile leftovers

of what was made here.

Fine crafted porcelain.

Shelves upon shelves
of porcelain line the walls

and so you almost
instinctively feel

like you need to watch
your step and be careful

but this building has
already been ravaged.

This is the arzberg factory,

it's one of many porcelain
plants in Germany

but this place had
a secret recipe.

Porcelain is said to date
back about 2,000 years

and some of the earliest
sites of production are in China.

It was used to make
teacups and plates

but also decorative
items like intricate statues.

Some people called it white
gold because it was so valuable

and only the Chinese
knew how to make porcelain.

The exact combination of materials
to produce porcelain can vary

but there is one
material that is necessary

and that is kaolin
or China Clay.

But at the start of
the 18th century,

China's secret was uncovered.

One German engineer
discovers the right temperature

and just the right additives...

And suddenly anybody
can make porcelain.

With the secret out,
China's monopoly was over.

Now, white gold could be
made on the European continent.

So, German porcelain
coming from Bavaria

can be sold all over
Europe as an alternative

to the porcelain
coming from China.

With German porcelain
in great demand,

in 1887 a factory was
built in the town of arzberg.

It was under the management
of a man named lehman.

Theodor lehmann is a German son

of a porcelain Potter
who becomes...

A porcelain industrial baron.

He turns the
business from a craft

into an industrial process.

At this time German products
were dominating markets.

And so Great Britain actually
passed the merchandise Mark act

which would required

that any product that
was produced in Germany

had to have a stamp or a seal

that essentially said that
it was made in Germany

and the hope was that
this would deter people

from buying them

but it ends up becoming
the sort of seal of approval

or a seal of quality.

But one man believed

that lehmann was
selling a poor product.

Hermann gretsch comes
up to lehmann and he says,

"that shape of pot is useless,

"your soup terrine is shaped

"so that you can never
get the last bit of soup

"out of the bowl with a ladle",

and the answer is,

"well, could you do any better?"

And gretsch says, "well, I
happen to be a pottery designer

"and I can do better."

Gretsch was hired to
design a new product

with modern appeal
and an ergonomic shape

he called form 1382.

And it is an entire
set of tableware

that's designed to look
harmonious together

and it becomes the classic

German middleclass tableware.

The fact that you could
buy individual pieces

to make your own set kind
of democratised porcelain,

it made something that
every day people could buy

and it was no longer
something just for the elite.

Form 1382 could be found
in modest European homes

or on the grand
tables of world leaders.

Gretsch is really German

so his designs become

the standard German
pottery designs

and everyone in
Germany maybe even Hitler

has got arzberg China right
there on their dinner tables.

But all this devastation had
an unexpected consequence

for the porcelain factory.

In the years after the war

ordinary people rushed to
replace all the belongings

that had been destroyed
in the course of the war.

And if not for that
devastation and loss

the '50s and '60s

wouldn't have been such a
booming time for business.

So, people literally stood
on line to buy porcelain,

it wasn't a commodity
of the elite any more,

it was something that
every household needed.

Form 1382 transformed the
fortunes of German porcelain...

But the golden age
didn't last forever.

After the second world war,

Japanese manufacturers

start to take over
global markets

and Japanese makers
are able to compete globally

for exactly the same buyers

and German porcelain makers

who can't compete have to merge.

Today the arzberg factory
remains frozen in time.

Not much remains
from the proud days

of hermann gretsch

except shelf after shelf
bending under the weight

of this porcelain.

It's still pristine
after all this time

which is a real testament

to the durability of
this amazing product.

Captioned by
ai-media ai-media. TV