All language subtitles for What.on.Earth.S08E02.1080p.DSCP.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-BTN_track3_[eng]

Narrator: THEY'RE WATCHING YOU.

MORE THAN 4,000 SATELLITES
CIRCLE THE EARTH.

EVERY DAY,
THEY UNCOVER NEW

MYSTERIOUS PHENOMENA
THAT DEFY EXPLANATION.

THE 2,000-YEAR-OLD CODE
OF THE CELTIC WARRIOR...

...AND THE PORTAL TO
THE LAND OF THE DEAD.

THIS IS INCREDIBLE!

THAT'S WHERE I WOULD MEET
THE DEMONS AND THE MONSTERS.

Narrator: MYSTERY OF THE TRIADS
AND THE VANISHING LINK.

TRILLIONS OF GALLONS OF WATER
ARE JUST DISAPPEARING

BEFORE OUR EYES.

Narrator: AND BOGZILLA,
THE REAL SWAMP THING.

IT IS GIVING OFF
A LOT OF INFLAMMABLE GASES,

AND IT SMELLS HORRIBLE.

Narrator: BAFFLING PHENOMENA.
MYSTERIES FROM SPACE.

WHAT ON EARTH ARE THEY?

**

**

**

JANUARY 30, 2020,
IRELAND.

MARK HORTON IS JOURNEYING DEEP
INTO THE HISTORIC PROVINCE

OF CONNACHT,

DRAWN BY SOMETHING STRANGE
CAPTURED FROM SPACE.

WHAT I CAN SEE

ON THE SATELLITE IMAGES,

WHAT APPEARS TO BE
TWO MASSIVE SCARS

ON THE SURFACE OF
THE EARTH.

THEY SEEM TO BE ENORMOUS,

UM, MAYBE 500 YARDS LONG.

Narrator: YET WHAT FASCINATES
THE ARCHAEOLOGIST IS

WHERE THE STRANGE GIANT SCAR'S
ARE LOCATED.

RATHCROGHAN, ONE OF
THE SEATS OF THE HIGH KINGS

OF IRELAND AND THE OLDEST,

BIGGEST UNEXCAVATED
ROYAL SITE IN EUROPE.

WHAT'S REALLY STRIKING
IS THAT WE CAN SEE FORTS,

SETTLEMENTS,

MOUNDS --

THIS IS A FASCINATINGLY
COMPLEX LANDSCAPE.

Narrator: SURROUNDING
THE SCARS IN THE IMAGE,

HORTON BELIEVES,
ARE AROUND 250 STRUCTURES,

MANY BUILT CENTURIES BEFORE
THE GREAT PYRAMIDS OF EGYPT.

IT'S AN EXTRAORDINARY
PLACE, THIS.

THESE TWO LINES
MUST BE ALSO

PART OF THIS ARCHAEOLOGY,

BUT UNTIL I COULD ACTUALLY
GET TO SEE THEM ON THE GROUND,

I REALLY CAN'T WORK OUT
WHAT'S GOING ON.

Narrator: HORTON ARRIVES
IN ROSCOMMON COUNTY.

**

**

AS HE HEADS SOUTH,
HE FINDS ONE

OF THE STRUCTURES
VISIBLE IN THE IMAGE.

Horton: IT'S NEVER BEEN
EXCAVATED BY ARCHAEOLOGISTS.

WHAT MIGHT BE A MASSIVE
TIMBER TEMPLE ON THE TOP,

BUT IT REMAINS A MYSTERY.

Narrator: THIS LANDSCAPE
IS DESCRIBED IN

AN ANCIENT DOCUMENT KNOWN
AS THE ULSTER CYCLES,

WHICH TELLS OF
KING CONCHOBAR MAC NESSA,

AND HIS WAR
WITH THE CONNACHTA.

IT'S A PLACE OF
RITUALS AND MAGIC,

A LAND OF MYTH
AND LEGEND.

IT'S THE TRADITIONAL
CORONATION OR INAUGURATION SITE

OF THE KINGS OF CONNACHT,

ONE OF THE FIVE KINGDOMS
OF IRELAND.

LITERALLY THOUSANDS
OF PEOPLE WOULD COME HERE

DURING THE INAUGURATIONS
OF THEIR KINGS.

[ METAL CREAKING ]

[ METAL CREAKING ]

[ SHEEP BLEATING ]

Narrator: THE SCARS SIT
AROUND HALF A MILE

FROM THE ROYAL MOUND.

I THINK THIS...

MUST BE IT.

THERE'S SO MUCH
BIGGER THAN

ACTUALLY THEY SEEM
LOOKING FROM ABOVE.

I MEAN,
THEY'RE ENORMOUS!

**

Narrator: THIS SCAR IS
1,000 FEET LONG,

LINED WITH WALLS
UP TO SEVEN FEET HIGH.

Horton: PRESUMABLY,
IN PREHISTORY,

THESE WERE MUCH HIGHER.

THE HUMAN EFFORT OF MOVING
THE SOIL TO THIS PLACE

MUST HAVE BEEN ENORMOUS.

THIS ISN'T JUST A PLACE

FOR MOVING CATTLE ACROSS
A LANDSCAPE OR SOMETHING.

THIS IS A RITUAL MONUMENT.

IT HAS A PURPOSE.

Narrator: EXPLORING THE ANCIENT
STRUCTURE PROVIDES A CLUE

TO WHAT KIND OF RITUAL
TOOK PLACE HERE.

BEING DOWN HERE
SURROUNDED BY

THESE ENORMOUS BANKS
ON EITHER SIDE --

WE'RE KIND OF HIDDEN
FROM PUBLIC VIEW,

AS IF WE'RE MOVING
ACROSS THIS LANDSCAPE,

BUT NOBODY KNOWS
WE'RE DOING IT.

MAYBE THIS IS SOME FORM
OF PROCESSIONAL ROUTEWAY.

Narrator: RITUAL MARCHES WERE
AN IMPORTANT PART

OF PAGAN RELIGION THOUSANDS
OF YEARS AGO.

Horton: THE IDEA OF PROCESSING
ACROSS THE LANDSCAPE IS

DEEPLY INGRAINED IN
THE PREHISTORIC BRITISH ISLES.

Narrator: BUT IF THESE SCARS
WERE ONCE USED

FOR PAGAN MARCHES,
SOMETHING DOESN'T STACK UP.

OTHER PROCESSIONAL AVENUES
OFTEN LEAD TO

A REALLY IMPORTANT
PREHISTORIC MONUMENT,

WHEREAS ACTUALLY HERE,

I CAN'T SEE ANYTHING.

IF THESE ARE PROCESSIONAL WAYS,
THEN WHERE ARE THEY GOING TO?

Narrator: THE AERIAL IMAGE
OFFERS A CLUE.

THESE TWO SCARS
APPEAR TO BE CONVERGING

ACROSS THE LANDSCAPE,

ENDING UP IN A POINT
SOMEWHERE OVER HERE

BY THIS CLUMP OF TREES.

Narrator: HORTON FOLLOWS
THE TRAJECTORY OF THE SCARS.

THERE'S NOT A LOT
IN THIS FIELD --

ARE TREES -- APPEARS TO BE
A MODERN PLANTATION,

BUT THE SCARS ARE --
SO THEY'RE COMING JUST

IN THIS DIRECTION HERE.

WHAT -- WHAT DO WE GOT HERE?

SOME...

AN OPENING.

SEEMS TO BE A --
AN ENTRANCE

TO A -- TO A CAVE
OR SOMETHING.

Narrator:
HORTON'S INVESTIGATION HAS LED
HIM TO A HOLE IN THE GROUND.

HE BELIEVES THIS COULD BE
OF ENORMOUS SIGNIFICANCE.

Horton: THE CELTIC IRISH WERE
OBSESSED WITH THE UNDERWORLD.

THAT WAS WHERE
THE LIVING WORLD MET

THE WORLD OF THE DEAD.

MAYBE DOWN THERE
IS THE WORLD OF THE DEAD.

I THINK I'M
GONNA GO DOWN MYSELF.

Narrator: AS HORTON DISCOVERS,

THIS IS MUCH MORE
THAN A SMALL HOLE.

Horton: THIS IS INCREDIBLE!

JUST UNBELIEVABLE.

Narrator: COMING UP,

INTO THE REALM
OF THE DEAD.

THEY REALLY WERE

ENTERING THE UNDERWORLD HERE.

AND THE ISLAND OF HEROES
AND HORRORS.

Walters: THEY BEHEAD PRISONERS

AND FLOAT THESE SEVERED HEADS
ACROSS THE BAY.

Narrator: MARK HORTON IS
IN RATHCROGHAN,

A LAND ASSOCIATED WITH
THE LEGENDARY KINGS OF IRELAND.

AMONGST SOME 240
ANCIENT STRUCTURES

ARE TWO GIANT SCARS
REVEALED FROM SPACE.

HIS INVESTIGATION SUGGESTS
THAT MANY CENTURIES AGO,

THEY GUIDED RITUAL PAGAN
PROCESSIONS INTO THIS CAVE.

ALL RIGHT, WAY --
GOSH.

**

Narrator: A NARROW TUNNEL AROUND
THREE FEET HIGH TAKES HORTON

DEEP INTO THE BOWELS
OF THE EARTH.

**

[ GRUNTS ]

THIS IS INCREDIBLE!

WE'VE COME

INTO THIS MONSTROUS CAVE!

**

MUST BE 20 FEET HIGH,

A GREAT CRACK,
A CLEFT IN THE ROCK,

LIKE A CATHEDRAL IN HERE.

Narrator: THE CHASM STRETCHES
EVER FURTHER INTO THE DARKNESS.

Horton: THE CAVE KEEPS ON GOING.

IT GETS NARROWER

AND NARROWER
INTO THE DARK DEPTHS.

PUT YOURSELF
BACK INTO THE MINDS OF

THE CELTIC PEOPLE
2,000 YEARS AGO.

THEY MUST HAVE THOUGHT

THEY REALLY WERE ENTERING
THE UNDERWORLD HERE.

Narrator: THE ANCIENT CELTS
BELIEVED THAT CAVES

ARE A PORTAL TO
A SUBTERRANEAN WORLD

INHABITED BY MYSTICAL
AND INVISIBLE BEINGS.

SOMETIMES CALLED
THE OTHERWORLD,

IT IS THE DOMAIN OF
GODS, FAIRIES,

AND SUPERNATURAL BEASTS.

THIS IS WHERE
THE DEAD WERE LIVING.

IF I WENT DOWN THERE,

THAT'S WHERE I WOULD MEET
THE DEMONS AND THE MONSTERS

AND THE RAVENOUS ANIMALS.

Narrator:
ACCORDING TO IRISH FOLKLORE,
FROM THIS VERY CAVE

AROSE ELLEN TRECHEND,
A TRIPLE-HEADED MONSTER

THAT LAID WASTE TO THE LAND

BEFORE BEING SLAIN
BY THE HERO AMERGIN.

IT MUST HAVE BEEN A DEEPLY

HAUNTED PLACE.

I CAN WELL IMAGINE
THE SCARS THAT WE SAW

ON THE SURFACE COULD WELL HAVE
BEEN INVOLVED IN SOME COMPLEX

RELIGIOUS RITUAL

IN WHICH PEOPLE PROCESSED
TO THIS EXTRAORDINARY

NATURAL CAVE.

Narrator:
THE NATURE AND PURPOSE OF
THESE RITUALS REMAIN UNCLEAR.

YET AS HORTON RETURNS
TO THE SURFACE...

Horton: THIS IS
THE VERY AWKWARD BIT.

...AN UNUSUAL FEATURE ON
A ROCK FACE CATCHES HIS EYE.

[ GRUNTS ]

HANG ON.

THERE'S A SERIES OF LINES

ON THIS LINTEL.

Narrator:
THE ARCHAEOLOGIST RECOGNIZES
THE LAYOUT OF THE SYMBOLS.

THE LINES IN THIS POSSIBLY
WERE OGHAM,

WHICH IS AN ANCIENT FORM
OF IRISH WRITING.

AND I CAN'T READ IT HERE.

I THINK
THE SIMPLEST THING IS

TO TAKE A PHOTOGRAPH
FROM HERE,

AND THEN WE CAN SEE IF WE CAN
ACTUALLY READ IT LATER ON.

Narrator: OGHAM IS A CELTIC
CODE-LIKE LANGUAGE

DEVELOPED IN
THE FOURTH CENTURY.

I'VE GOT AN OGHAM
CRYPT SHEET HERE.

Narrator:
EACH LETTER IS SYMBOLIZED BY
LINEAR GROUPS OF CARVED LINES.

ONE OF THE WORDS IN THE CAVE
INTRIGUES HORTON.

THAT'S A NAME.

I CAN SEE AN "E" THERE

AND A "D."

IF I GO ALONG
A BIT FURTHER...

THAT'S THE IRISH VERSION OF
MAEVE, WHO WAS A FAMOUS

FIGURE IN IRISH SAGA
AND MYTHOLOGY.

THAT'S ACTUALLY FASCINATING.

Narrator: MAEVE IS
THE NAME OF THE MYTHICAL

WARRIOR QUEEN OF CONNACHT.

SHE WAS FAMED FOR HER FEROCITY
AND SKILL IN BATTLE,

HER BEAUTY,
AND SEXUAL PROWESS.

SHE APPARENTLY HAD SEX
WITH HER GENERALS

IF THEY WON BATTLES --
SHE'S KIND OF TO THE IRISH

WHO KING ARTHUR IS
THE BRITISH,

AND IT'S JUST INCREDIBLE
THERE HER NAME IS

ON THAT STONE.

IT'S THAT BRIDGE
BETWEEN MYTHOLOGY

AND SCIENTIFIC REALITY.

Narrator: FOR CELTIC WARRIORS,
MAEVE WOULD HAVE BEEN

A TALISMANIC FIGURE,

A DEMI-GODDESS WHO WOULD
PROTECT THEM IN BATTLE.

WE'VE GOT THIS WARRIOR
QUEEN MAEVE,

AND WE'VE GOT OUR SCARS.

IN THERE

WERE THE DEMONS.

AND THEY BELIEVED

THEIR WARRIOR QUEEN MIGHT DEFEND
THEM FROM THOSE DEMONS.

Narrator: HORTON'S
INVESTIGATION SUGGESTS

THAT MORE THAN 2,000 YEARS AGO,

THE GIANT SCARS SEEN FROM
SPACE GUIDED WARRIORS

TO A HIDDEN CAVE TO FACE

THE TERRORS THEY BELIEVED
DWELT THERE.

PROTECTED BY
THEIR WARRIOR QUEEN,

THEY WOULD RETURN,
READY TO DO BATTLE

WITH ANYONE OR ANYTHING
THREATENING THEIR SACRED LANDS.

CELTIC SOLDIERS WERE
VERY WARLIKE,

AND THE FACT THAT A GREAT
CONGREGATION OF PEOPLE

WERE PROCESSING
TO THIS ENTRANCE

IS SOMETHING
WHICH MUST HAVE BEEN

AN ANNUAL EVENT OF
GREAT IMPORTANCE.

FASCINATING.

**

Narrator: COMING UP,

CHINA'S SECRET
MULTI-TRILLION-DOLLAR DISASTER.

Ruben: WE ARE SEEING A MAJOR
CATASTROPHE TAKING PLACE.

BUT WHAT'S CAUSING IT
IS A TOTAL MYSTERY.

Narrator: AND THE BILLION-VOLT
HUMAN SACRIFICE.

Krueger: AFTER YOU HAD BEEN
STRUCK BY LIGHTNING,

YOU WOULD BE SEEN
AS A DEMIGOD.

Narrator: DECEMBER 21, 2017.

JIANGXI PROVINCE IN
SOUTHEAST CHINA.

A SERIES OF IMAGES
TAKEN ABOVE

LAKE POYANG REVEALS
SOMETHING TROUBLING.

THIS IS A REALLY
MAJOR LOSS OF

LAKE WATER DROPPING TO
PHENOMENALLY LOW LEVELS.

THE LAKE IS DISAPPEARING.

IT'S GONE FROM
A BIG BLANKET OF BLUE

TO A FEW ISOLATED PUDDLES --
THAT'S CRAZY.

Narrator: THIS GIANT LAKE
ON WHICH MILLIONS

OF LIVES DEPEND HAS SHRUNK

FROM 1,700 SQUARE MILES
TO JUST 80.

IN THE 2016 IMAGE,

THIS STRUCTURE IS
IN THE MIDDLE OF THE LAKE,

BUT WHEN I LOOK AT
THE 2017 IMAGE,

NOW IT'S IN THE MIDDLE
OF DRY LANDS, AND THERE ARE

EVEN ROADS,
WHICH LEAD UP TO IT.

TRILLIONS OF GALLONS OF WATER

AND JUST DISAPPEARING
BEFORE OUR EYES.

Narrator: IMAGES FROM
SOCIAL MEDIA CONFIRM

A DRAMATIC DROP
IN WATER LEVELS.

FEATURES LIKE THIS ISLAND,

WHERE TOURISTS USED TO HAVE
TO TAKE A BOAT...

NOW THEY CAN EITHER WALK
OR TAKE A CAR.

Ruben: WE ARE SEEING A MAJOR
CATASTROPHE TAKING PLACE,

BUT WHAT'S CAUSING IT
IS A TOTAL MYSTERY.

Narrator: HUNDREDS OF LARGE
OBJECTS LITTER WHAT REMAINS

OF THE LAKE.

WE CAN SEE THAT THESE VESSELS
UP AGAINST THE MARGIN OF

THE LAKE -- IT LOOKS KIND OF
LIKE A LOG JAM OF BOATS.

Ruben:
THESE DON'T LOOK LIKE FISHING
BOATS OR PASSENGER BOATS.

THESE ARE BARGES
AND BIG BARGES.

Narrator:
THE NUMBER OF BARGES SUGGESTS
ONGOING INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY

AROUND THE LAKE.

Spicer Rice: NEAR ALL OF
THESE CONCENTRATIONS OF BARGES,

THIS DEPOT HAS
MOUNTAINS OF SAND,

LIKE REAL MOUNTAINS OF SAND.

I MEAN, THIS IS CLEARLY
A HUGE BUSINESS.

Narrator: KEN JOYCE USES MAXAR'S
SecureWatch TECHNOLOGY

TO STUDY THE GIANT DEPOT
AND BARGES IN DETAIL.

LOOKING AROUND
THIS PART OF THE LAKE,

EACH ONE'S CARRYING
HUGE AMOUNTS OF SAND.

I THINK THAT THEY'RE CARRYING
SAND FROM THE BOTTOM

OF THE LAKE AND THEN EMPTYING
IT AT THESE FACILITIES.

IT LOOKS LIKE
THIS ENTIRE LAKE HAS BEEN

TURNED INTO SOME SORT OF
HUGE MINING OPERATION.

THE DISCOVERY SUGGESTS
ONE INDUSTRY COULD BE

RESPONSIBLE FOR
THE SHRINKING LAKE.

THE BIGGEST USE FOR ALLUVIAL
SAND IS MAKING CONCRETE,

AND CHINA IS USING UP ENORMOUS
AMOUNTS OF CONCRETE.

Narrator: BETWEEN 2011 AND 2013,

CHINA USES SIX BILLION
TONS OF CONCRETE.

THAT'S MORE THAN THE U.S.
USED IN THE 20TH CENTURY

AND ENOUGH TO TURN HAWAII
INTO A PARKING LOT.

EACH CUBIC YARD OF CONCRETE
NEEDS OVER A TON OF SAND

FROM LAKES LIKE THIS.

CHINA IS HAVING A TREMENDOUS
BUILDING BOOM.

IT'S MEGA PROJECT
AFTER MEGA PROJECT.

Ruben: AIRPORTS,
BRIDGES, SKYSCRAPERS,

POWER STATIONS --

IF YOU CAN BUILD IT,
YOU CAN BET THAT

THE CHINESE ARE BUILDING MORE
OF IT FASTER THAN ANYBODY ELSE.

Narrator: TO FUEL ITS MASSIVE
INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS

AND URBAN DEVELOPMENTS,

THE COUNTRY CONSUMES MORE
CONCRETE THAN THE REST

OF THE WORLD COMBINED.

CHINA IS BUILDING
THE EQUIVALENT OF

THE CITY OF ROME
EVERY TWO WEEKS.

THIS SERIES OF PICTURES
SHOWS THERE'S SIGNS

THAT IT MIGHT HAVE GOTTEN
OUT OF HAND.

Narrator:
DURING THE LAST DECADE,

SHENZHEN HAS BUILT MORE
SKYSCRAPERS THAN THERE

ARE IN THE WHOLE
OF NEW YORK CITY.

BUT ELSEWHERE IN THE COUNTRY,
SOMETHING WEIRDER IS HAPPENING.

THERE ARE ENTIRE CITIES
SPRINGING UP OVER CHINA

WITH ALL THE AMENITIES OF
A CITY EXCEPT ONE -- PEOPLE.

Narrator: SINCE 1980,
THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT HAS BUILT

HUGE NUMBERS OF TOWNS
AND CITIES

TO LURE HALF A BILLION
PEOPLE FROM RURAL AREAS.

ONE CITY MAYOR SAID THAT IT
WAS LIKE BUYING A SET

OF CLOTHES TWO SIZES TOO BIG
FOR YOUR CHILD TO GROW INTO.

BUT THE PROBLEM WITH THAT IS,
SOMETIMES YOU'RE LEFT WITH

A LOT OF EMPTY,
VACANT PROPERTY

THAT NO ONE
CAN USE YET.

Narrator: TODAY, DOZENS OF
SO-CALLED GHOST CITIES,

SOME AS BIG
AS PHILADELPHIA,

LITTER THE COUNTRY.

THERE ARE MORE THAN 60 MILLION
UNOCCUPIED APARTMENTS IN CHINA.

THAT'S ENOUGH TO FIT
THE POPULATION OF NEW YORK

SEVERAL TIMES.

Narrator:
THE COMMUNIST AUTHORITIES'
BLIND PURSUIT OF URBAN GROWTH

HAS SADDLED LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
WITH $2.5 TRILLION OF DEBT,

ABOUT THE SAME AS THE UNITED
KINGDOM'S ENTIRE GDP.

THERE'S SO MUCH DEBT
ASSOCIATED WITH BUILDING

THESE EMPTY CITIES THAT IF
THERE'S A CRASH,

THE RIPPLES WILL BE FELT
ECONOMICALLY AROUND THE WORLD.

Narrator:
IN A COUNTRY WHERE MANY PEOPLE
EARN LESS THAN A DOLLAR A DAY,

OFFICIALS HAVE BORROWED
AND BUILT THEIR WAY

INTO PROSPERITY.

THE POLITICIANS CAN BASICALLY
WORK THEIR WAY UP THE RANKS

BY BUILDING CITIES,

AND SO THERE'S A PUSH TO
LITERALLY BUILD CITIES

THAT PEOPLE CAN'T POPULATE.

AND SO THAT'S PROBABLY WHY WE'RE
SEEING SUCH A PUSH IN CONCRETE.

Narrator:
TO FEED THE CONCRETE INDUSTRY,

THE BARGES ON THE LAKE HAVE
DREDGED AWAY NATURAL DAMS,

CAUSING WATER TO EMPTY
INTO THE YANGTZE RIVER.

SAND IS BEING REMOVED FROM
THE OUTFLOW CHANNEL OF THE LAKE.

THEY'VE EFFECTIVELY
PULLED THE PLUG,

AND POYANG LAKE
IS DRAINING AWAY.

Narrator:
NOW CHINA'S NOTORIOUS TRIADS
ARE GETTING IN ON THE ACTION.

THE DEMAND FOR ALLUVIAL SAND
IS SUCH BIG BUSINESS

THAT CRIMINAL GANGS KNOWN AS
THE SAND MAFIA

ARE INFILTRATING THE TRADE.

Narrator: 80% OF
THE 50 BILLION TONS OF SAND

MINED A YEAR IS NOW
EXTRACTED ILLEGALLY,

EARNING CRIMINAL CARTELS
TENS OF BILLIONS OF DOLLARS.

Spicer Rice: LEGAL SAND MINING
CAN BE EXPENSIVE.

I MEAN, THERE'S A LOT OF
EQUIPMENT AND RED TAPE

TO GO THROUGH,

BUT SOMETIMES IT'S JUST EASIER
TO PAY SOME BRIBES,

HIRE SOME THUGS,
AND GO ON AND GET THE STUFF.

Narrator: THOSE WHO SUFFER ARE,
AS ALWAYS, ORDINARY PEOPLE.

AROUND 45 MILLION PEOPLE
RELY ON LAKE POYANG

FOR THEIR DRINKING WATER,

MORE THAN THE POPULATION
OF CANADA.

Spicer Rice:
THIS IS DEVASTATING.

I MEAN, IF THEY KEEP GOING
AT THIS RATE,

THEY'RE EVENTUALLY GONNA BE
LEFT WITH NO LAKE.

WHAT ARE THEY DOING?

Narrator: COMING UP,
HITLER'S 15,000-TON

AERIAL ARMAGEDDON.

DAY IN, DAY OUT,
THESE NAZI BOMBERS --

THEY'RE JUST RAINING DEATH
UPON YOUR HEAD.

Narrator: AND THE GIANT
FOG BEAST OF MINNESOTA.

Lindsay: IT'S LIKE THIS
METHODICAL, CREEPING CREATURE

THAT CAREENS INTO
WHATEVER IT TOUCHES.

SEPTEMBER 16, 2019.

AS THE WorldView-3 SATELLITE

PASSES OVER THE MEDITERRANEAN
ISLAND OF MALTA,

IT CAPTURES THIS IMAGE OF
A PENINSULA FAR BELOW.

Walters: WHAT'S DRAWING MY EYE

ARE THESE REALLY QUITE ODD

SERIES OF CONCENTRIC CIRCLES.

Hymel: THEY'RE KIND OF LIKE
ANCIENT CROP CIRCLES --

VERY MYSTERIOUS.

Narrator: ANALYSTS SCAN THROUGH
TIME USING HISTORICAL IMAGES.

Joyce: SEEING VERY LITTLE CHANGE
MAKES ME THINK THAT THIS IS

SOMETHING THAT WAS PROBABLY
ETCHED INTO THE ROCK ITSELF,

MAYBE SOMETHING FROM
THE ANCIENT PAST.

Narrator: KEVIN HYMEL
HAS A THEORY.

SO WHAT WE'RE LOOKING AT
IS A HEADLAND,

WHICH IS MAKING IT A PERFECT,
DEFENSIBLE POSITION.

COULD THIS BE THE REMAINS
OF SOME KIND OF CASTLE

OR FORTRESS?

THERE ARE NUMEROUS FORTS
ALL OVER MALTA,

AND THEY'RE NEEDED FOR ONE OF
THE MOST FAMOUS SIEGES

IN WORLD HISTORY --

THE SIEGE OF MALTA.

Narrator: THE SIEGE OF MALTA
BEGINS IN MAY 1565.

[ INDISTINCT SHOUTING ]

40,000 OTTOMAN SOLDIERS
ATTEMPT TO WRESTLE CONTROL OF

THE ISLAND FROM
A CATHOLIC MILITARY ORDER

CALLED THE KNIGHTS HOSPITALLER.

Hymel: ON THE ONE SIDE,
YOU'VE GOT ABOUT

700 KNIGHTS OF MALTA
ATTACKING THEM,

THESE THOUSANDS
OF WARRIORS

FROM THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE.

IT'S REALLY SORT OF
A DAVID AND GOLIATH BATTLE.

Narrator:
TO THWART THE NUMERICALLY
SUPERIOR INVADERS,

THE KNIGHTS DESTROY CROPS,

POISON WELLS, AND RETREAT
INSIDE THE ISLAND'S

FEARSOME COASTAL FORTS.

THE OTTOMANS, IN ORDER
TO DESTROY THE KNIGHTS' MORALE,

BEHEAD PRISONERS
AND FLOAT THEM ACROSS THE BAY.

THE DEFENDERS, IN TURN,
BEHEAD OTTOMAN PRISONERS

AND FIRE THESE HEADS
ACROSS THE LINES,

SO YOU'VE BASICALLY GOT
A KIND OF

BATTLE OF SEVERED HEADS.

Narrator: DESPITE THEIR VASTLY
SUPERIOR NUMBERS,

AFTER FOUR MONTHS OF SAVAGE
WARFARE, THE OTTOMANS RETREAT,

HAVING LOST 3/4 OF THEIR ARMY
DURING THE SIEGE.

Hymel: IT WAS SUCH
A LONGSTANDING SIEGE,

IT WOULD MAKE SENSE
THAT THESE CIRCLES

WOULD BE CONNECTED TO THIS --

THIS FAMOUS BATTLE THAT
CONSUMES ALL OF MALTA.

Narrator: JEFF WAWRO LEARNS THAT
THE PATTERN DOES INDEED SERVE

A MILITARY PURPOSE,

BUT NOT ONE
FROM THE 16th CENTURY.

SO WHAT WE DISCOVER USING
MALTESE RECORDS IS THAT THIS,

IN FACT, IS ESSENTIALLY
A NAVIGATIONAL AID.

IT'S A BIG COMPASS
ETCHED INTO THE ROCK.

Narrator: FOR WAWRO,
THE GIANT COMPASS

VISIBLE FROM THE SKIES

POINTS TO ONE PARTICULAR
PERIOD IN HISTORY.

I'M STARTING TO THINK
THAT THIS CONFIGURATION

MIGHT HAVE SOMETHING TO DO

WITH BRITISH AIRCRAFT
IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR.

Narrator:
ALTHOUGH ONLY AROUND FIVE
TIMES BIGGER THAN MANHATTAN,

MALTA IS OF MASSIVE STRATEGIC
IMPORTANCE TO THE ALLIES

DURING WORLD WAR II.

WHOEVER CONTROLS MALTA
AND HOLDS IT, CAN USE IT

AS A BASE TO CONTROL
THE SHIPPING ROUTES

BETWEEN EUROPE AND AFRICA.

Wawro: THE BRITISH OWNED IT,
AND OWNING IT,

IT ALLOWED THEM TO CUT
SUPPLY LINES BETWEEN

HITLER'S AFRICA CORPS
IN NORTH AFRICA AND EUROPE.

Narrator:
BETWEEN 1941 AND 1942,

BRITISH FORCES IN MALTA
DESTROY OVER 400,000 TONS

OF NAZI SHIPPING
IN THE MEDITERRANEAN.

NEUTRALIZING THE ISLAND
BECOMES ONE OF HITLER'S

TOP PRIORITIES.

THE GERMANS FEEL THEY DON'T
NEED TO INVADE MALTA.

THEY CAN SEAL IT OFF WITH
A HEAVY BOMBING CAMPAIGN.

Narrator: MALTA IS SOON IN
THE GRIPS OF ANOTHER SIEGE,

THIS TIME AT THE HANDS
OF THE LUFTWAFFE,

WHICH DROPS 15,000 TONS
OF EXPLOSIVES

DURING 3,000 ATTACKS
ON THE ISLAND.

IT BECOMES THE MOST BOMBED
PLACE ON EARTH.

Walters: DAY IN, DAY OUT,
THESE NAZI BOMBERS,

THEY'RE JUST RAINING DEATH
UPON YOUR HEADS.

THE PEOPLE ACTUALLY USED
THE TUNNELS THAT WERE DUG

HALF A MILLENNIA BEFORE

BY THE KNIGHTS OF MALTA AS
SHELTER TO HIDE FROM THE BOMBS.

Narrator: THE MASSIVE COMPASS
IN THE IMAGE MAY HAVE DIRECTED

ALLIED BOMBERS IN
A VITAL COUNTERATTACK

AGAINST THE NAZIS,

CODE-NAMED
OPERATION HUSKY.

OPERATION HUSKY IS
THE ANGLO-AMERICAN

INVASION OF FIRST SICILY
AND THEN ITALY.

THE IDEA BEING THAT, YOU KNOW,
ITALY WOULD BE

A SOFT UNDERBELLY
OF THE AXIS.

COMPASSES POINT
MAGNETIC NORTH,

BUT WORLD WAR TWO MAPS
USED TRUE NORTH.

THE GIANT ETCHING IN THE ROCK
ENABLES AIRCREWS

TO ADJUST THEIR INSTRUMENTS
AS THEY BEGIN

THEIR CRITICAL MISSION.

Walters: THAT STRAIGHT LINE
YOU CAN SEE IS ACTUALLY

POINTING EXACTLY DUE NORTH,
SO YOU CAN LOOK DOWN

AT THAT AND YOU CAN CORRECT
YOUR COMPASS BEARING OFF IT.

THIS IS A REALLY VITAL
NAVIGATIONAL AID.

Narrator: 4,000 PLANES,
MANY BASED OUT OF MALTA,

ARE INVOLVED
IN OPERATION HUSKY.

SUCH IS THE SUCCESS OF
THE OFFENSIVE

THAT WITHIN TWO MONTHS,
ITALY SURRENDERS,

AND THE TIDE OF
WORLD WAR II

TURNS IN THE ALLIES' FAVOR.

Walters: I THINK IT'S GREAT
THAT IT'S STILL THERE

BECAUSE IT KIND OF ACTS
AS A MONUMENT

THAT REMINDS US
OF WHAT WENT ON

THROUGHOUT
THOSE TERRIBLE YEARS.

Narrator: COMING UP,
DEATH OF THE SWAMP MONSTER.

THEY ATTACK IT
WITH CHAINSAWS

AND BLAST IT
WITH DYNAMITE.

Narrator: AND DECODING
THE DESERT CIPHER.

THIS COULD BE
THOUSANDS OF YEARS OLD.

IT'S UNTOUCHED.

Narrator: FALL 2017.

SATELLITES FLYING OVER
MINNESOTA CAPTURE A SEQUENCE

OF IMAGES THAT REVEAL SOMETHING
UNUSUAL ON A LAKE BELOW.

Nelson: THIS IS A GIANT MASS
THE SIZE OF AN ISLAND,

WHICH IS FLOATING ALONG
THE COASTLINE.

Narrator: THE MYSTERIOUS BULK
MEASURES NEARLY FOUR ACRES.

MORE THAN THREE
FOOTBALL FIELDS.

Kays: IT'S SOME KIND OF
GREEN BLOB IN THE WATER.

IT'S REALLY WEIRD TO HAVE

SOMETHING THIS BIG MOVING
AROUND IN A LAKE.

Lindsay: IT'S LIKE THIS
METHODICAL, CREEPING CREATURE

THAT CAREENS INTO
WHATEVER IT TOUCHES.

Narrator: SATELLITE IMAGES OF
ANOTHER NORTH AMERICAN LAKE

OFFER CLUES TO THE ORIGIN OF
THE WEIRD FLOATING MASS.

SPIRIT LAKE
ON MOUNT SAINT HELENS

IN WASHINGTON STATE
HAS A HUGE MASS OF LOGS

FLOATING ON
ITS SURFACE TODAY.

Narrator: ON MAY 18, 1980,
MOUNT SAINT HELENS EXPLODES

WITH THE EQUIVALENT ENERGY
OF 24 MEGATONS OF TNT.

IT TRIGGERS THE BIGGEST
LANDSLIDE IN HISTORY,

WHICH DEPOSITS OVER 350,000
ACRES OF TREES INTO THE WATERS

OF SPIRIT LAKE,

CREATING A GIANT FLOATING RAFT
VISIBLE FROM SPACE.

Watkins: THIS MASS OF LOGS HAS
BEEN AROUND FOR DECADES.

THE WIND BLOWS IT
UP AND DOWN THE LAKE.

IT SORT OF EXISTS AT
THE WHIM OF THE ENVIRONMENT.

Narrator: MINNESOTA HAS ALMOST
12,000 LAKES SURROUNDED BY

17 MILLION ACRES OF TREES,

BUT THE LAST VOLCANO ERUPTED
HERE OVER A BILLION YEARS AGO.

HOWEVER, EVENTS FROM
THE STATE'S MORE RECENT HISTORY

COULD OFFER A CLUE TO THE WEIRD
BLOB IN THE IMAGE.

THIS PART OF THE WORLD WAS

THE REAL HUB OF LOGGING
IN UNITED STATES.

PEOPLE WOULD GO UP RIVER
TO THE AREA

OF MINNESOTA THAT WAS RICH
IN PINE TREES.

Narrator: BY 1900, THE STATE IS
PRODUCING OVER 75 BILLION

SQUARE FEET OF LOG
AND PLANKS A YEAR,

ENOUGH TO BUILD
600,000 HOUSES.

THERE WAS AN ABSOLUTELY
INSATIABLE APPETITE

FOR THIS TYPE OF LUMBER,
NOT ONLY IN THE U.S.,

BUT ALSO ACROSS
THE ATLANTIC IN EUROPE,

AND THESE LUMBERJACKS
JUST COULDN'T

CUT 'EM DOWN FAST ENOUGH.

Narrator: THE JOB OF DRIVING
THE TWO-TON LOGS

DOWN RIVER FALLS TWO MEN KNOWN
AS RIVER PIGS.

Kays: THEY WERE
REAL DAREDEVILS.

THE LOGS ARE SPINNING,
AND THERE'S ALWAYS A RISK

THAT THEY WOULD FALL
IN THE WATER

AND ALSO GET CRUSHED
BY ALL THE OTHER LOGS

THAT WERE COMING IN.

Narrator: IN 1886,
RIVER PIGS BATTLE

THE WORLD'S BIGGEST LOG JAM
ON MINNESOTA'S ST. CROIX RIVER.

IT TAKES 200 MEN WORKING
SIX WEEKS WITH DYNAMITE

TO UNBLOCK IT.

MAYBE WHAT WE'RE SEEING HERE
IS A KIND OF ANCIENT LOG JAM

THAT'S GROWN OVER
WITH VEGETATION

AND WASHED DOWN TO THIS LAKE.

Narrator: YET WHEN ANALYSTS
TURN TO

MAXAR'S SecureWatch TECHNOLOGY,

IT THROWS THE MYSTERY OPEN.

Joyce: THERE'S PART OF
THE SHORELINE THAT'S

THE EXACT SAME
SIZE AND SHAPE

OF WHATEVER THIS FLOATING
OBJECT IS ON THE SOUTHERN PART

OF THE LAKE.

THE AREA IT'S BROKEN AWAY FROM
IS LIKE A SWAMPY,

MARSHY WETLAND.

SO WHAT WE SEE
FLOATING IN THIS LAKE

IS ACTUALLY A BIG SECTION
OF PEAT BOG,

Nelson: MUCH LIKE A LOG FLOATS,

HERE YOU HAVE AN ENTIRE MASS
OF DEAD PLANT MATERIAL,

WHICH ITSELF IS FLOATING.

Narrator: EXPERTS CALCULATE
THAT THIS ROGUE PEAT BOG

IS THE BIGGEST IN THE WORLD.

Fanara: IT IS 30 FEET DEEP.

IT LIKELY WEIGHS
OVER 1,000 TONS.

IT'S THE WEIGHT OF
OVER 500 CARS.

Narrator: ANALYSTS TRACK
THIS BOGZILLA

AS IT LEAVES A PATH OF
DESTRUCTION IN ITS WAKE.

THIS THING IS RUNNING
INTO BOAT RAMPS, INTO DOCKS,

DESTROYING EVERYTHING
IN ITS PATH,

AND EVENTUALLY,
IT WASHES UP ON A BEACH.

AND TO MAKE IT ALL WORSE,
IT SMELLS HORRIBLE.

Narrator: THE GIANT, FETID BOG
CAREENS AROUND THE LAKE

FOR THREE WEEKS.

RESIDENTS ARE DESPERATE TO
DESTROY THIS FLOATING ISLAND,

AND ONE SOLUTION
IS GOOD OLD AMERICAN

BLAST IT WITH DYNAMITE.

Narrator: BUT THIS BEAST
HAS GOT MONSTER WIND PROBLEMS,

SO BANG GOES THAT THEORY.

IT'S FULL OF DECOMPOSING
ORGANIC MATTER,

WHICH MEANS IT'S GIVING OFF
A LOT OF INFLAMMABLE GASES.

Nelson: IF IT LIT ON FIRE,

ALL OF THE FUMES WOULD BE
EXTREMELY CARCINOGENIC --

BENZENE, METHANE,
HYDROGEN CYANIDE,

LOTS OF TOXIC COMPOUNDS --
IT WOULDN'T BE GOOD.

THEY CAN'T BURN IT.

THEY CAN'T SINK IT.

BOGZILLA APPEARS
TO BE UNKILLABLE.

INSTEAD OF BLOWING IT UP,

THEY DECIDE THEY'RE GOING TO
MOVE THIS FLOATING PEAT BOG

TO A DIFFERENT
PART OF THE LAKE.

THEY GET BOATS
TO TRY TO TUG IT

AND HAVE EXCAVATORS ON
THE LAND TO TRY TO PUSH IT.

AND THIS PLAN FAILS
MISERABLY.

IT'S BEEN A LONG DAY, UM,
WE'VE --

IT'S KICKED OUR BUTT, UM,

LET'S JUST BE HONEST HERE.

Kays: THE NEXT PLAN LOCALS TRY
IS TO BREAK IT UP.

THEY TAKE A CHAIN,
WRAP IT AROUND THE MIDDLE,

AND PULL IT TIGHT,

AND THIS SUCCEEDS IN BREAKING
THE BOG INTO TWO.

BUT NOW, INSTEAD OF ONE
MASSIVE BOG THAT WON'T MOVE,

THEY HAVE TWO VERY, VERY LARGE
BOGS THAT WON'T MOVE.

Ruben: THEY ATTACK IT
WITH CHAINSAWS,

AND THEY ARE ABLE TO SPLIT THE
BOG INTO SEVERAL SMALL PIECES,

WHICH CAN BE TOWED BY BOATS
OVER TO THE SIDE OF THE LAKE.

Narrator: AERIAL IMAGES CAPTURE
THE AFTERMATH

OF THE MINNESOTA
CHAINSAW MASSACRE.

CHUNKS OF THIS FLOATING
OBJECT ARE NOW

SPREAD ACROSS
THE EASTERN LAKE SHORE.

IT LOOKS AS THOUGH
THIS COMMUNITY

HAS NOW DEFEATED THE BOG.

BUT THIS MAY NOT BE
THE END OF THE STORY,

BECAUSE EVEN THOUGH
THE BOG IS BROKEN UP,

THOSE PIECES ARE STILL IN
THE LAKE, SO YOU NEVER KNOW.

AT ANY POINT,
THE BOG COULD STRIKE.

Narrator: COMING UP,
THE LOST KINGDOM OF THE ANDES.

WE'RE TALKING ABOUT
A CIVILIZATION

WE KNOW VERY LITTLE ABOUT.

Narrator: JUNE 15, 2019.

PASSING HIGH OVER THE AREQUIPA
REGION IN SOUTHWESTERN PERU,

A SATELLITE SPOTS
SOMETHING UNUSUAL

IN THE BARREN LANDSCAPE.

THIS IMAGE SHOWS A VERY
MOUNTAINOUS AREA,

AND RIGHT IN THE MIDDLE
IS AN INCREDIBLY

INTRICATE STRUCTURE.

Narrator:
THE MYSTERY STRUCTURE MEASURES
AROUND 15,000 SQUARE FEET.

IT'S SO MYSTERIOUS --
IT HAS REGULARITY,

BUT ALSO ALL OF
THESE WIGGLY LINES

AND SOME SORT OF STRANGE,

ALMOST BOTTLE-SHAPED STRUCTURE
IN THE CENTER OF IT.

Narrator: THE SATELLITE IMAGE
WAS TAKEN ABOVE

THE [ INDISTINCT ]
VALLEY

AND FOR ARCHEOLOGISTS,
THAT'S SIGNIFICANT.

THIS SITE IS ACTUALLY
ON THE SLOPES OF

ONE OF THE MOST HOLY PEAKS
IN THE ANDES,

THE EXTINCT VOLCANO
AMPATO,

WHICH WAS INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT
TO THE INCAN PEOPLE.

FOR THE INCAS,
THE 20,600-FOOT-HIGH AMPATO HAS

DEEP CONNECTIONS WITH POWERFUL
MOUNTAIN SPIRITS CALLED APU.

Jellicorse:
APU CONNECT THE WORLD OF
MEN TO THE WORLD OF THE GODS,

AND THEY BELIEVE THAT AMPATO,
AS THIS SACRED MOUNTAIN,

IS AN EMBODIMENT
OF ONE OF THESE APUS.

Narrator: THE INCAS ARE KNOWN
TO HAVE ENGAGED

IN GRUESOME RITUALS
ON THESE SLOPES

TWO APPEASE THEIR GODS.

THE SCIENTISTS RESEARCHING
THE AREA OF ACTUALLY

FOUND BODIES

OF CHILDREN WHO HAD BEEN
SACRIFICED AT ALTARS.

WHAT WE SEE HERE
DOES APPEAR TO HAVE

AN ALTAR SHAPE
IN THE MIDDLE.

Narrator: DURING THE 1990s,

EXPEDITIONS HERE UNCOVER
THE MUMMIFIED BODIES OF

FOUR INCAN CHILDREN NEAR
AN ANCIENT MOUNTAIN SHRINE.

IN SOME INSTANCES,
THEY FIND

BURN MARKINGS
ON THESE MUMMIES

AND ALSO THE CRYSTALLIZATION
AROUND THE ALTARS.

IT ALL LEADS TO A CONCLUSION
THAT THESE CHILDREN WERE PUT

ON THESE PLATFORMS AS A TYPE OF
LIGHTNING SACRIFICE RITUAL

TO THE GODS,
A REALLY HORRIFYING THOUGHT.

[ THUNDER CRASHES ]

INCAN CHILD SACRIFICE
IS CALLED CAPACOCHA.

VICTIMS ARE CHOSEN YEARS
IN ADVANCE AND LEFT ON

A MOUNTAIN ALTAR TO AWAIT
INCINERATION BY ONE BILLION

VOLTS OF ELECTRICITY.

[ SPEAKING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE ]

IT WAS REALLY QUITE AN HONOR
IN THEIR MINDS

TO PARTICIPATE
IN SUCH A RITUAL.

IT WAS THE BELIEF THAT AFTER
YOU HAVE BEEN STRUCK

BY LIGHTNING,
YOU WOULD BE SEEN

AS A DEMIGOD,
KIND OF

AN INTERMEDIARY
BETWEEN HUMANS AND GOD.

Paul: THE GEOMETRIC ZIGZAG LINES
AROUND THE OUTSIDE OF THE ALTAR

ARE SOMEWHAT REMINISCENT
OF A LIGHTNING DESIGN,

AND THEY COULD BE SYMBOLIC OF
WHAT THIS SITE WAS USED FOR.

Narrator: YET WHEN KEN JOYCE
CLOSELY STUDIES THE SITE,

THE MYSTERY DEEPENS.

I DON'T SEE ANY SHADOWS
AROUND THE OUTER RECTANGLE

OR ANY OF THE INNER DESIGN WORK,

AS WELL -- THAT LEADS ME
TO BELIEVE THAT THIS IS

PERFECTLY FLAT ON THE GROUND.

Narrator:
RATHER THAN A STRUCTURE,

THE SATELLITE HAS CAPTURED
SOME KIND OF

ANCIENT SYMBOL
IN THE SANDS.

AND IT APPEARS
THIS ISN'T THE ONLY ONE.

Bellinger: ZOOMING OUT
ON THE SATELLITE IMAGE,

WE CAN SEE THAT,
ACTUALLY, THIS IS JUST ONE OF

MANY IN THIS AREA.

THEY'RE ALL OVER
THIS LANDSCAPE.

Narrator: THE REMOTE VALLEY
CONTAINS DOZENS MORE

STRANGE SHAPES LIKE THIS ONE.

Janulis: SOME OF
THE GEOGLYPHS THAT ARE

FOUND IN THIS REGION ARE DATED

WELL BEFORE THE RISE
OF THE INCAN EMPIRE.

IT RAISES THE QUESTION
OF WHO BUILT THESE?

Narrator: NO WRITTEN
RECORDS EXIST OF

THE PRE-COLUMBIAN
PEOPLE OF PERU.

YET THE CODE IS EVIDENCE
THAT A LOST SOCIETY

ONCE THRIVED
IN THIS VAST LANDSCAPE.

Janulis: SO WE'RE TALKING
ABOUT A CIVILIZATION

THAT MUST HAVE BEEN
LARGE, COMPLEX,

AND WE KNOW
VERY LITTLE ABOUT.

Narrator: RESEARCHERS
DETECT PATTERNS

IN THE ARRANGEMENT
OF THESE GIANT SYMBOLS.

Bellinger:
IF WE PLOT THEM AGAINST
OTHER LANDSCAPE FEATURES,

ONE THING THAT'S REALLY
STRIKING IS THAT THESE THINGS

WERE NOT PLACED
RANDOMLY IN THE DESERT.

Narrator:
THE SYMBOLS SEEM TO CHART
A SERIES OF ANCIENT PATHWAYS.

THEY SEEM TO ALWAYS
BE PUT ON HIGH,

VERY VISIBLE POINTS, SO THESE,
IN A SENSE, ARE MAPS.

Narrator: THIS APPEARS
TO BE A GIANT CODE.

IT IS UP TO US TO CRACK IT.

Janulis: THIS IS A FANTASTIC
LITTLE GLIMPSE

INTO A VERY MYSTERIOUS PAST
THAT'S STILL TRANSMITTING

FROM MILLENNIA AGO.