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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:01:00,967 --> 00:01:02,317 In Brazil, in the 1960's, 2 00:01:02,641 --> 00:01:05,391 with an idea in their heads and a camera in their hands, 3 00:01:05,416 --> 00:01:07,849 moviemakers from Cinema Novo movement 4 00:01:07,873 --> 00:01:09,955 made films with the ambition to change the world. 5 00:01:09,979 --> 00:01:12,570 It was an era where art, utopia and revolution got together. 6 00:01:12,594 --> 00:01:14,837 An adventure of creation, friendship, 7 00:01:14,861 --> 00:01:16,923 nonconformity, with brand new ideas. 8 00:01:16,947 --> 00:01:19,902 That presented new images of Brazil to the world. 9 00:03:00,050 --> 00:03:04,773 This is the temple of magic. The dream factory! 10 00:03:05,674 --> 00:03:08,339 The mantle of memory! 11 00:03:12,874 --> 00:03:16,473 I can give you rivers of tears! 12 00:04:35,010 --> 00:04:39,211 In this land, the only worthy men are those who use their guns 13 00:04:39,278 --> 00:04:41,377 to change their fate. 14 00:04:43,186 --> 00:04:45,504 Not the rosary, Satan. 15 00:04:47,152 --> 00:04:49,383 The rifle and the dagger! 16 00:06:07,322 --> 00:06:12,346 To create a Brazilian image following our ambition to transform Brazil. 17 00:06:12,414 --> 00:06:14,547 - A cinema of disruption. - An act of courage! 18 00:06:14,614 --> 00:06:18,448 - Complete audacity. - Grammar. 19 00:06:18,515 --> 00:06:20,381 - Expression. - "Newcap". 20 00:06:20,448 --> 00:06:22,381 A new capital, Bossa Nova. 21 00:06:22,448 --> 00:06:23,747 Cinema Novo. 22 00:06:24,248 --> 00:06:28,547 It started with Mario Peixoto, Humberto Mauro and Alberto Cavalcanti. 23 00:06:29,048 --> 00:06:32,447 The dreams of Brazilian people, effectively portrayed on the screens. 24 00:06:32,648 --> 00:06:38,014 In history, the revolutionary result of a process of cultural formation... 25 00:06:40,216 --> 00:06:43,915 We knew we needed to be the protagonists of that story. 26 00:07:04,049 --> 00:07:07,249 Cinema, cinema, cinema. 27 00:07:08,184 --> 00:07:11,116 We are talking about cinema. 28 00:08:13,787 --> 00:08:16,986 Mauro is the founder of the Brazilian cinematic style. 29 00:08:17,454 --> 00:08:20,754 He's the pioneer of Cinema Novo. 30 00:08:21,521 --> 00:08:27,021 And his cultural relevance matches that of Villa-Lobos, Guimarães Rosa 31 00:08:27,088 --> 00:08:28,453 or Portinari. 32 00:08:28,521 --> 00:08:31,854 We cannot ignore Mauro now and we can ignore him in the future. 33 00:08:31,921 --> 00:08:36,854 If the current generation has learned so much from his framing style, 34 00:08:36,921 --> 00:08:41,863 his poetic atmosphere, his social and human commentary, 35 00:08:42,755 --> 00:08:45,521 future generations will have even more to learn from him. 36 00:08:46,322 --> 00:08:52,054 In time, his work becomes classical, deeper, more resistant. 37 00:09:21,990 --> 00:09:24,555 Nelson, Nelson Pereira dos Santos. 38 00:09:24,623 --> 00:09:26,193 The first time... 39 00:09:28,732 --> 00:09:31,757 I was near him or felt his presence 40 00:09:32,224 --> 00:09:35,051 was during all that fuss... 41 00:09:36,129 --> 00:09:38,657 about "Rio 40 Degrees". 42 00:09:38,724 --> 00:09:43,190 I watched movies but I'd never thought of making them. 43 00:09:43,257 --> 00:09:45,323 I watched films constantly, every day. 44 00:09:45,391 --> 00:09:48,657 It was playing at the America on Saenz Pena Square. 45 00:09:48,724 --> 00:09:51,590 Lots of queues and lots of conversations. 46 00:09:51,657 --> 00:09:52,890 That was very important. 47 00:09:52,957 --> 00:09:56,058 Then I went to see Nelson. I made a point of watching "Rio, North Side", 48 00:09:56,125 --> 00:09:59,958 Some shootings of "Rio, North Side". Nelson told me to grab a chair. 49 00:10:00,025 --> 00:10:04,757 Because I wanted to know what was that cinema business all about. 50 00:10:09,525 --> 00:10:13,791 I teased her but she didn't even bother 51 00:10:13,858 --> 00:10:19,859 and told me to go back to school and learn the ABC. 52 00:10:19,926 --> 00:10:25,025 So, I told her, "Come and teach me then." 53 00:10:25,626 --> 00:10:35,592 Brunette, come a little closer. 54 00:10:36,326 --> 00:10:45,093 Come, brunette, come teach me the verb to love. 55 00:10:45,160 --> 00:10:51,060 Here I am. Brunette, come 56 00:10:51,127 --> 00:10:55,959 give me your love. 57 00:11:06,860 --> 00:11:09,194 I was afraid of Nelson! What is this guy up to? 58 00:11:09,428 --> 00:11:15,400 Because he was always quiet, his presence was magnetic, 59 00:11:15,595 --> 00:11:20,394 he attracted a lot of people. But, at the same time, fearsome. 60 00:11:20,461 --> 00:11:23,361 Nelson, Ruy and Luis Carlos were the eldest. 61 00:11:23,428 --> 00:11:27,071 But, at that time, I was most afraid of Nelson. 62 00:11:27,095 --> 00:11:30,413 And Nelson's presence was very... He had his ways. 63 00:11:30,561 --> 00:11:34,461 He never told you what to do but you'd end up doing what he wanted. 64 00:11:34,996 --> 00:11:37,595 He had his ways of making you do what he wanted. 65 00:11:37,729 --> 00:11:41,661 And he was a beacon for us. 66 00:11:53,562 --> 00:11:56,930 In the very beginning, it was just a human, 67 00:11:56,997 --> 00:11:58,796 individual impulse. 68 00:12:00,330 --> 00:12:04,830 Obviously, with the support of a big group of people who really 69 00:12:04,897 --> 00:12:09,996 wanted to make cinema in a new and different way. 70 00:12:11,363 --> 00:12:15,796 But the truth is we never started from scratch. 71 00:12:15,863 --> 00:12:20,530 All had worked making films before. But we were also 72 00:12:20,597 --> 00:12:25,531 interested in getting Brazilian cinema in touch with its own reality. 73 00:12:26,102 --> 00:12:32,230 To integrate Brazilian cinema to its own cultural reality. 74 00:12:32,498 --> 00:12:39,064 We came upon a cinematographic void in Brazil. 75 00:12:39,636 --> 00:12:43,464 When "chanchada" started to decline. 76 00:12:43,531 --> 00:12:45,500 Television started, 77 00:12:46,114 --> 00:12:49,931 and those films weren't profitable anymore. 78 00:12:49,999 --> 00:12:54,954 It was already a main issue for our movement, Cinema Novo, 79 00:12:55,285 --> 00:12:58,270 a main issue for to question society, 80 00:12:58,320 --> 00:13:01,498 our bourgeoisie society. 81 00:13:01,565 --> 00:13:04,980 It was the collective awareness 82 00:13:05,030 --> 00:13:09,198 that human problems weren't individual, 83 00:13:09,265 --> 00:13:14,966 but a part of a specific moment in history. 84 00:13:15,033 --> 00:13:18,766 Awareness that Brazil is a part of the third world. 85 00:13:18,833 --> 00:13:22,133 This will of discovering Brazil also led us 86 00:13:22,200 --> 00:13:27,633 in some cases, in quite an accomplished manner, 87 00:13:27,700 --> 00:13:33,365 to discover a style, a storytelling language that's quite Brazilian. 88 00:13:33,867 --> 00:13:36,926 5X FAVELA 89 00:13:46,069 --> 00:13:50,467 "Cat Skin" was born in an argument at Joaquin Pedro's house. 90 00:13:50,534 --> 00:13:56,334 We were a bunch of people pitching scripts. 91 00:13:56,401 --> 00:14:02,144 We pitched the scripts, discussed them and decided what to do next. 92 00:14:02,202 --> 00:14:07,501 So, together, we could get what we needed. Support, even political. 93 00:14:07,568 --> 00:14:10,401 Together, not dispersed in different projects. 94 00:14:10,468 --> 00:14:12,201 Let's do that one! "Cat Skin". 95 00:14:12,268 --> 00:14:14,701 It was the foundation for "5x Favela". 96 00:14:14,768 --> 00:14:17,103 From there, the Center for Popular Culture 97 00:14:17,127 --> 00:14:20,101 sent a proposal so Miguel Borges, 98 00:14:20,168 --> 00:14:25,302 Marcos Faria, Caca Diegues and me could do four more episodes 99 00:14:25,369 --> 00:14:30,002 to put together and make "5x Favela". 100 00:14:46,803 --> 00:14:49,391 Our generation completely understood that, 101 00:14:49,442 --> 00:14:50,737 for being a big industry, 102 00:14:50,804 --> 00:14:55,369 it was attached to the economic, political and social problems in Brazil. 103 00:14:55,670 --> 00:14:58,803 So, before developing a cinematographic awareness, Brazilian filmmakers 104 00:14:58,904 --> 00:15:00,837 developed political awareness of the phenomenon 105 00:15:00,904 --> 00:15:03,936 They found out that, to make cinema, they had to make the revolution first. 106 00:15:04,004 --> 00:15:07,370 That stance changed the cultural landscape completely. 107 00:15:07,437 --> 00:15:10,569 The role of the filmmaker changed. 108 00:15:16,805 --> 00:15:19,804 The birth of the cinema from Bahia with "Redemption" by Roberto Pires, 109 00:15:19,871 --> 00:15:22,970 my film, "The Backyard", "Bahia de Todos os Santos" by Trigueirinho Neto, 110 00:15:23,088 --> 00:15:24,088 "Barravento"... 111 00:15:24,171 --> 00:15:32,804 - Sing it again, my love. - Ai, ai, ai. 112 00:15:57,672 --> 00:15:58,979 Cinema Novo has two origins: 113 00:15:58,981 --> 00:16:01,564 Bahia and the CPC (Center for Popular Culture). 114 00:16:01,607 --> 00:16:04,139 Caca Diegues, Leon Hirszman, Miguel Borges, Amaldo Jabor 115 00:16:04,307 --> 00:16:08,572 and Joaquim wanted to make cinema. A new cinema for Brazil. 116 00:16:08,673 --> 00:16:13,173 There was a manifesto in a section of the newspaper "Jornal do Brazil" 117 00:16:13,240 --> 00:16:18,572 with the neo-concretists: Ferreira Gullar, Lygia Pape, Lygia Clark. 118 00:16:19,073 --> 00:16:23,939 And we made our own: Manifesto Cinema Novo. 119 00:16:25,008 --> 00:16:30,740 The name was "Cinema-cinema", but it was nicknamed "Ball-ball". 120 00:16:46,109 --> 00:16:51,994 Those who made films in Brazil came from completely diverse backgrounds. 121 00:17:03,443 --> 00:17:06,109 We discussed cinema, talked about cinema, vomited cinema. 122 00:17:06,176 --> 00:17:10,175 That was enough to make the placenta that bonded us. 123 00:17:13,111 --> 00:17:14,532 That... 124 00:17:15,602 --> 00:17:19,876 weird and simple phenomenon 125 00:17:20,344 --> 00:17:24,977 was the result of an encounter between people 126 00:17:25,044 --> 00:17:27,043 who then became very close friends. 127 00:17:33,344 --> 00:17:37,644 There's always some bar involved when we talk about Cinema Novo. 128 00:17:44,178 --> 00:17:46,245 Cooperation was the key. 129 00:17:46,312 --> 00:17:50,533 Mostly because we liked each other's films, 130 00:17:51,161 --> 00:17:53,711 and not because we were friends. We were friends because 131 00:17:53,778 --> 00:17:56,444 we liked each other's films. 132 00:18:45,014 --> 00:18:49,379 We were not into those heavy Hollywood machines. 133 00:18:49,514 --> 00:18:53,714 We didn't want to shoot inside studios. 134 00:18:53,781 --> 00:18:58,314 We wanted to shoot exteriors, the streets, that living thing. 135 00:19:10,581 --> 00:19:14,014 The was excitement because of this new thing between 136 00:19:14,648 --> 00:19:17,415 cinema, the camera and reality. 137 00:19:17,682 --> 00:19:22,249 The means to make those films, those new 138 00:19:22,316 --> 00:19:27,833 to approach reality were somehow already there. 139 00:19:28,682 --> 00:19:32,338 Shooting with natural light, 140 00:19:32,388 --> 00:19:35,282 exteriors, on location, 141 00:19:35,349 --> 00:19:37,548 in the streets... 142 00:19:47,083 --> 00:19:51,250 He really let the cameras out in the streets. 143 00:19:51,317 --> 00:19:55,550 He didn't want to disguise Brazilian reality, 144 00:19:55,617 --> 00:20:02,958 or to portray it in a distorted or lees faithful way. 145 00:20:05,951 --> 00:20:09,483 And he looked for themes, a certain kind of people. 146 00:20:10,251 --> 00:20:12,717 He really threw the cinema at the people. 147 00:20:12,784 --> 00:20:15,483 He turned the cameras to people's problems, 148 00:20:16,284 --> 00:20:19,983 what we thought were the people's problems. 149 00:20:27,384 --> 00:20:30,752 I believe cinema will change a lot from now on. 150 00:20:30,819 --> 00:20:36,818 From the camera to the streets, from the camera to problem. 151 00:20:36,885 --> 00:20:41,551 From the camera, from closed doors, to have an open discussion. 152 00:21:04,220 --> 00:21:07,320 "A camera in hand, an idea in the head", 153 00:21:07,401 --> 00:21:08,785 more than concept of language, 154 00:21:09,920 --> 00:21:11,585 was a production method. 155 00:21:51,288 --> 00:21:57,568 Our culture in Brazil, of not having such a separation, so fierce, 156 00:21:58,288 --> 00:22:03,587 so radical between genres, 157 00:22:05,155 --> 00:22:08,622 imaginary or real, 158 00:22:09,689 --> 00:22:12,688 between sacred and profane. 159 00:22:28,589 --> 00:22:34,390 There was a very radical scission between documentary and fiction 160 00:22:34,457 --> 00:22:37,356 and we didn't stick to it. 161 00:24:24,994 --> 00:24:28,593 Because at that time, the aesthetics of Cinema Novo were being created. 162 00:24:28,661 --> 00:24:30,994 There wasn't a frame of reference to talk about aesthetics, 163 00:24:31,061 --> 00:24:33,094 and everything was Cinema Novo. 164 00:24:33,162 --> 00:24:36,170 It had much more to do with generations 165 00:24:36,220 --> 00:24:39,228 than with the articulation of an ideology, 166 00:24:39,295 --> 00:24:42,662 or anything like a frame of reference. 167 00:24:42,729 --> 00:24:46,861 It was being invented as it was created. 168 00:24:48,829 --> 00:24:51,963 In Arraial do Cabo, away from civilization, 169 00:24:52,013 --> 00:24:54,412 fishermen live a primitive life. 170 00:24:54,662 --> 00:24:56,895 Under the laws they created themselves. 171 00:24:57,463 --> 00:24:58,996 Watch. 172 00:24:59,063 --> 00:25:01,662 Nine fishermen taking turns every day. 173 00:25:01,830 --> 00:25:05,495 In their constant and fierce dialogue with the fish and the sea. 174 00:25:06,263 --> 00:25:08,762 Seven on board, all ears to the watchman 175 00:25:09,230 --> 00:25:11,329 who, together with the birds of prey, 176 00:25:11,396 --> 00:25:13,163 waits for the fish to appear. 177 00:25:13,230 --> 00:25:16,695 And the last one in the beach, handling the fishnet. 178 00:25:21,197 --> 00:25:24,564 The light in the Arraial is extremely intense. 179 00:25:24,631 --> 00:25:27,430 Because it's a reflector made of sand, right? 180 00:25:27,497 --> 00:25:31,097 The ground is completely white, it has more contrast than 181 00:25:31,164 --> 00:25:32,830 anything around its. 182 00:25:32,897 --> 00:25:36,464 Except for the sun, maybe or if it's cloudy. 183 00:25:36,732 --> 00:25:41,465 But the sky is blue most of the time. 184 00:25:41,532 --> 00:25:45,598 The sea is resplendent, a fantastic blue. 185 00:25:45,966 --> 00:25:49,466 What's interesting in that film has a lot to do with that look 186 00:25:49,533 --> 00:25:52,698 which came from engravings, paintings, and so on, 187 00:25:53,166 --> 00:25:56,965 and took over the cinematography of that film. 188 00:25:57,433 --> 00:26:00,299 I was ready to make engravings, went on to make cinema 189 00:26:00,366 --> 00:26:04,432 and ended up making an engraving on film. 190 00:27:14,169 --> 00:27:15,474 "Garrincha"... 191 00:27:15,525 --> 00:27:21,523 despite starting out as direct cinema or direct documentary, 192 00:27:22,531 --> 00:27:26,870 because of problems with the footage, 193 00:27:26,937 --> 00:27:32,636 ended up being a montage of archival material. 194 00:27:34,337 --> 00:27:40,003 And I really enjoyed editing that film, it was pyrotechnic. 195 00:27:40,070 --> 00:27:43,436 Many things in it I didn't like, others I did 196 00:27:43,503 --> 00:27:45,920 From then on, 197 00:27:46,702 --> 00:27:52,104 I started reacting to that and looking for purer values. 198 00:27:52,370 --> 00:27:53,952 Values which could... 199 00:27:54,577 --> 00:27:58,731 resist my harshest criticism. 200 00:27:59,684 --> 00:28:02,453 Which led me to "The Priest and The Girl", 201 00:28:02,503 --> 00:28:05,271 which, as a film, always got in my nerves, 202 00:28:05,338 --> 00:28:11,272 it had always irritated and annoyed me. 203 00:28:11,339 --> 00:28:15,588 And that's the way the film was made. 204 00:28:16,321 --> 00:28:18,938 It can be seen in its form. 205 00:28:19,005 --> 00:28:23,338 The film is very static, its framing, is very constrained. 206 00:28:42,273 --> 00:28:45,239 They say priest's women become wraiths. 207 00:28:46,040 --> 00:28:47,939 Headless mules. 208 00:28:57,440 --> 00:29:00,606 I don't know if it's the devil or god inside my body. 209 00:29:18,441 --> 00:29:21,474 One line was cut short. 210 00:29:21,541 --> 00:29:24,008 See this little line cut in half? 211 00:29:26,261 --> 00:29:31,208 A beautiful inclination, interrupted, the priest. That's where you cut. 212 00:29:31,275 --> 00:29:32,841 And the music. 213 00:29:32,908 --> 00:29:37,707 We'll use the music from the theater. 214 00:29:52,209 --> 00:29:53,708 Here, cut. 215 00:30:08,509 --> 00:30:13,794 We were editing "5x Favela" and that amazing thing happened. 216 00:30:13,845 --> 00:30:15,741 Ruy Guerra was editing my episode, 217 00:30:15,791 --> 00:30:18,676 and Nelson Pereira dos Santos was editing Leon's. 218 00:30:18,744 --> 00:30:22,610 So, we would meet every day and I watched Nelson, 219 00:30:22,677 --> 00:30:24,710 because there was only one moviola, 220 00:30:25,398 --> 00:30:28,912 watched Nelson edit Leon's film, 221 00:30:28,962 --> 00:30:32,476 and Leon watched Ruy edit mine. 222 00:30:35,510 --> 00:30:39,144 At the time. Nelson was also editing Glauber's "Barravento". 223 00:30:39,211 --> 00:30:44,977 Nelson edited "São Diogo's Quarry", and "Absolute Majority", 224 00:30:45,045 --> 00:30:50,178 my first two films, both shorts. 225 00:30:50,245 --> 00:30:55,711 And that editing work, with the moviola, the whole thing... 226 00:30:55,778 --> 00:31:00,611 We felt we were two filmmaker staking over the moviola. 227 00:31:00,678 --> 00:31:04,479 We had taken it and were discussing cinema in a new level. 228 00:31:04,546 --> 00:31:09,612 It wasn't just editing this or that film, we were discussing cinema itself 229 00:31:09,679 --> 00:31:12,312 and everything that was going on. 230 00:31:12,379 --> 00:31:15,661 I don't mean you cant do that with an editor but 231 00:31:15,712 --> 00:31:16,961 between filmmakers, you get to 232 00:31:17,012 --> 00:31:23,712 the creative field, the projects, other films, maybe in a more fertile way. 233 00:31:23,779 --> 00:31:26,746 It was very positive for me, and my work. 234 00:31:26,813 --> 00:31:30,579 After that, I went on to make "The Deceased". 235 00:31:37,347 --> 00:31:42,612 THE DECEASED 236 00:32:43,216 --> 00:32:48,949 30's literature, regional literature, Graciliano, Jorge Amado, 237 00:32:49,016 --> 00:32:51,749 José Lins do Rego, Erico Veríssimo. 238 00:32:52,716 --> 00:32:55,782 Each of them tried to express in their own way 239 00:32:56,250 --> 00:33:01,082 the rescue of the social and popular reality in their regions, 240 00:33:02,116 --> 00:33:04,017 and also their storytelling style. 241 00:33:04,084 --> 00:33:05,750 Cinema Novo followed that. 242 00:33:06,094 --> 00:33:09,068 I think he has his region, 243 00:33:09,118 --> 00:33:14,284 as a foundation for his reality, his realism. 244 00:33:14,351 --> 00:33:20,017 But I think he transcends that. For his own themes, 245 00:33:20,084 --> 00:33:23,150 he transcends the regional aspect. 246 00:33:23,217 --> 00:33:27,284 It seems he's portraying Brazil 247 00:33:27,352 --> 00:33:30,484 and also the third world. 248 00:33:30,552 --> 00:33:32,751 - Where did you work? - At the Santa Terezinha plant. 249 00:33:32,818 --> 00:33:38,718 - What did you do there? - Sugarcane. Weeding cane fields. 250 00:33:38,785 --> 00:33:43,518 How much did you make there? I worked from 5:30am to 7:00pm 251 00:33:43,585 --> 00:33:45,585 and made 700 cruzeiros. 252 00:33:45,652 --> 00:33:47,551 Everyone was making the same amount? 253 00:33:47,618 --> 00:33:50,484 Yes. It's impossible to get more, right? 254 00:33:51,518 --> 00:33:57,925 I'm a farmer and I need to buy a kilo of flour, to eat. 255 00:33:58,919 --> 00:34:01,452 That's horrible, humiliating. 256 00:34:01,519 --> 00:34:06,519 We are all farmers here, there's a world of land around us 257 00:34:06,586 --> 00:34:08,186 and I need to buy a kilo of flour. 258 00:34:08,253 --> 00:34:11,483 Who buys a kilo of flour, are people from the city 259 00:34:11,534 --> 00:34:14,026 because they're workers who don't work the land. 260 00:34:14,077 --> 00:34:16,420 But what do we farmers do? Those are the landowners. 261 00:34:16,487 --> 00:34:19,127 Who take the lands for themselves and don't let us plant anything. 262 00:34:19,320 --> 00:34:22,753 Those who were being exploited, oppressed and silenced 263 00:34:22,820 --> 00:34:25,120 needed space on the screens. 264 00:34:25,187 --> 00:34:28,953 But there was also a need to allow every filmmaker their own expression 265 00:34:29,020 --> 00:34:31,687 as they evolved. 266 00:34:31,754 --> 00:34:34,220 Somehow, we were breaking up with the movement. 267 00:34:34,287 --> 00:34:37,753 It wasn't a movement as a stylistic unity, 268 00:34:37,820 --> 00:34:41,689 as was the case with certain filmmakers from neorealism. 269 00:34:41,756 --> 00:34:46,089 Or even certain filmmakers from the golden age of Soviet cinema. 270 00:34:46,156 --> 00:34:50,421 Filmmakers are close to each other in terms of narrative and cinematography 271 00:34:50,789 --> 00:34:53,159 but you see a bigger difference. 272 00:34:54,189 --> 00:34:57,155 This is my city. 273 00:34:57,222 --> 00:35:02,288 My big city. 274 00:35:02,389 --> 00:35:06,476 People dreaming in the seaside. 275 00:35:06,489 --> 00:35:11,055 They are happy and singing. 276 00:35:11,890 --> 00:35:16,223 Making a carnival out of we. 277 00:35:16,290 --> 00:35:19,522 Singing we dove evil away. 278 00:35:21,457 --> 00:35:27,289 In this city of love. 279 00:35:35,124 --> 00:35:39,859 From radical Rosselinians, like Paulo César Saraceni 280 00:35:40,124 --> 00:35:47,059 to Fordians, like Walter Lima Junior, Eisensteinians, like Leon, obviously, 281 00:35:47,758 --> 00:35:49,790 the neorealists, like Nelson.. 282 00:35:52,458 --> 00:35:56,824 It had the ambition, national and international, of synthesizing. 283 00:35:57,425 --> 00:36:03,487 Italian neorealism, Russian revolutionary cinema, 284 00:36:03,625 --> 00:36:06,258 the spectacle of American cinema. 285 00:36:06,325 --> 00:36:11,691 The formal evolution of Nouvelle Vague with the traditions of Brazilian cinema, 286 00:36:12,559 --> 00:36:14,324 which were few but existed, 287 00:36:18,726 --> 00:36:24,659 To reign in the island, to reign in the island. 288 00:36:25,826 --> 00:36:30,125 - My wife is possessed by the devil! - It's a lie it's a lie! 289 00:36:37,393 --> 00:36:41,325 Tomorrow it'll rain gold! The desert will turn into the sea! 290 00:36:41,926 --> 00:36:44,526 Lies! Lies! 291 00:36:44,994 --> 00:36:48,926 The sea will turn into a desert! 292 00:36:49,561 --> 00:36:52,326 Lies! Lies! 293 00:37:02,861 --> 00:37:05,027 We can only get to the island 294 00:37:05,094 --> 00:37:08,894 if we wash the souls of the sinners with the blood of the innocents! 295 00:37:16,895 --> 00:37:23,199 Glauber's role was never letting us think we had won the war. 296 00:37:23,895 --> 00:37:28,461 Never letting us think that things ever got to an end. 297 00:37:29,295 --> 00:37:31,596 Things were always critical, always changing. 298 00:37:31,663 --> 00:37:36,596 When you achieve victory, you must start all over again. 299 00:37:36,663 --> 00:37:38,762 You can't just sleep on your laurels. 300 00:38:05,830 --> 00:38:09,296 We didn't just like each other, we were growing into each other 301 00:38:09,797 --> 00:38:15,096 more and more finding things in common. 302 00:42:29,675 --> 00:42:30,675 Let's go. 303 00:42:38,341 --> 00:42:40,707 Come on, damn you! 304 00:42:46,841 --> 00:42:48,008 Get up. 305 00:42:58,776 --> 00:43:01,308 Come on it's over there! 306 00:43:14,677 --> 00:43:17,176 There're soldiers around. 307 00:43:17,243 --> 00:43:20,809 I was waiting for a sign! I dreamed of the end! 308 00:43:20,877 --> 00:43:23,609 Today, we die! 309 00:43:33,143 --> 00:43:37,310 Die, how? Are you nuts?! 310 00:43:37,644 --> 00:43:39,777 When you dreamed of it it was over! 311 00:43:39,844 --> 00:43:42,347 I saw the devil's rifles shoot twice! 312 00:43:42,445 --> 00:43:43,511 One for each eye! 313 00:43:44,212 --> 00:43:46,312 Yours Virgulino! 314 00:43:57,671 --> 00:43:59,698 Cast your jinx aside. 315 00:44:02,098 --> 00:44:04,515 Who'll ever shoot my eye? 316 00:44:07,007 --> 00:44:09,312 I'm protected by Priest Cicero. 317 00:44:11,280 --> 00:44:14,446 But it was a sign, a sign! 318 00:44:14,963 --> 00:44:17,712 It will be at the crack of dawn. 319 00:44:23,546 --> 00:44:28,986 Here in my burrow, only if it's you. 320 00:44:30,347 --> 00:44:32,546 If you betray me, I'll kill you. 321 00:44:55,015 --> 00:44:56,214 No! 322 00:45:02,015 --> 00:45:04,381 Leave him! 323 00:45:08,848 --> 00:45:14,782 Enough! Enough! Enough! 324 00:45:30,183 --> 00:45:33,016 Brazil is a seaside civilization. 325 00:45:33,352 --> 00:45:40,383 It grew along 7000 km of coastline. 326 00:45:41,328 --> 00:45:46,183 Nevertheless, they are all men of the inland. 327 00:45:46,250 --> 00:45:50,450 Because Brazil's biggest problem is immigration. 328 00:45:50,517 --> 00:45:55,283 We are all men who long for the land. 329 00:45:55,350 --> 00:46:00,283 And when we have the means to talk about something, 330 00:46:00,350 --> 00:46:02,851 through journalism or cinema. 331 00:46:03,109 --> 00:46:09,320 We are always drawn to that longing 332 00:46:10,421 --> 00:46:16,915 and to the struggle in the isolated inland of Brazil. 333 00:46:18,351 --> 00:46:22,187 As we say in Brazil, orphans. 334 00:46:22,237 --> 00:46:26,630 People with no mother or father. 335 00:46:28,666 --> 00:46:34,118 They are real orphans for they live in complete dereliction. 336 00:47:01,320 --> 00:47:06,736 I believe any filmmaker who wishes to say anything that matters, 337 00:47:06,987 --> 00:47:08,853 or whatever matters to him, 338 00:47:08,920 --> 00:47:11,043 must translate it... 339 00:47:11,093 --> 00:47:15,687 to the oscillating balance of the modern world. 340 00:47:15,754 --> 00:47:24,883 In my films, I try to talk about reality in all its complexity 341 00:47:25,021 --> 00:47:26,653 which is really hard. 342 00:47:26,754 --> 00:47:31,804 But I also want to show what affects men, individuals. 343 00:47:32,121 --> 00:47:35,987 I'd like to make an epic film. 344 00:47:36,588 --> 00:47:39,121 But I don't think I'll be able to. 345 00:47:39,599 --> 00:47:45,422 I don't think I can show a character without showing 346 00:47:45,489 --> 00:47:49,388 all its ties to the structure, of the country. 347 00:47:49,455 --> 00:47:54,855 Believe there's something in common in all our films 348 00:47:55,539 --> 00:47:59,147 I think it's the awareness of... 349 00:48:01,449 --> 00:48:03,955 a specific kind of underdevelopment. 350 00:48:04,361 --> 00:48:07,323 All characters in our films are real. 351 00:48:07,759 --> 00:48:12,413 They are people who existed until the forties, 352 00:48:12,959 --> 00:48:16,589 when I was in the northeast of Brazil as a reporter. 353 00:48:16,656 --> 00:48:20,323 First, I talked to people who had met these characters. 354 00:48:20,390 --> 00:48:25,156 And even characters like Antonio Das Mortes, the hitman 355 00:48:25,223 --> 00:48:30,023 in the film, once existed and killed 40 brigands. 356 00:48:32,324 --> 00:48:35,456 And also Corisco, who's still alive and gave me an interview. 357 00:48:35,957 --> 00:48:37,990 He also told me some stories. 358 00:48:38,457 --> 00:48:43,902 Then I talked to his wife, who also told me some stories. 359 00:48:44,357 --> 00:48:47,357 Read several books, mostly popular poetry. 360 00:48:47,757 --> 00:48:53,985 There are many books in Brazil, popular songs about these characters. 361 00:49:06,192 --> 00:49:10,558 Someday, there will be a major war in this desert. 362 00:49:10,625 --> 00:49:14,867 A big war, God and the Devil will be looking. 363 00:49:15,844 --> 00:49:17,731 To get this war started, 364 00:49:18,398 --> 00:49:21,193 I, who have killed Sebastião, will kill Corisco. 365 00:49:23,380 --> 00:49:25,504 And then die, once and for all. 366 00:49:26,607 --> 00:49:28,769 We are all the same thing. 367 00:49:39,371 --> 00:49:43,359 In '64, we had three films in Cannes. Two in the competition. 368 00:49:43,594 --> 00:49:45,360 "God and the Devil" and "Barren Lives". 369 00:49:45,427 --> 00:49:48,493 And one in the "Critic's Week", my film "Ganga Zumba". 370 00:49:48,560 --> 00:49:53,793 In that same year, "Porto das Caixas" had won an award in the north of Italy 371 00:49:53,860 --> 00:49:57,327 Ruy Guerra had "The Rifles" and had won an award in Berlin. 372 00:49:57,394 --> 00:50:02,793 That was the year when Cinema Novo made its name. 373 00:50:10,382 --> 00:50:13,806 Cinema Novo was discovered by European critics, 374 00:50:14,048 --> 00:50:18,361 Italian and French, mostly. 375 00:50:18,705 --> 00:50:25,413 And we started to hobnob with the guys from Cahiers du Cinema in France. 376 00:50:25,595 --> 00:50:28,038 Carlos Diegues, 377 00:50:28,428 --> 00:50:32,495 Glauber Rocha, Roberto Faria, 378 00:50:33,250 --> 00:50:34,967 Paulo Cesar Saraceni, 379 00:50:37,175 --> 00:50:39,259 Joaquim Pedro de Andrade, 380 00:50:39,778 --> 00:50:43,320 Leon Hirszman, Geraldo Sarno, 381 00:50:44,687 --> 00:50:46,161 Eduardo Coutinho, 382 00:50:46,500 --> 00:50:50,195 Walter Hugo Khouri, Ruy Guerra, 383 00:50:50,262 --> 00:50:54,796 Alex Vianny, who also made films, 384 00:50:55,365 --> 00:50:59,263 Vinicius de Moraes who collaborated in some films. 385 00:50:59,662 --> 00:51:03,796 Future Brazilian filmmaker and critic, Gustavo Dahl, 386 00:51:04,162 --> 00:51:05,572 Edgar Morin, 387 00:51:08,237 --> 00:51:10,396 Jean Rouch, 388 00:51:13,446 --> 00:51:16,172 I forgot Margot Benacerraf, 389 00:51:16,755 --> 00:51:18,802 from Venezuela. 390 00:51:19,431 --> 00:51:22,283 Claude Antoine, defender of Brazilian cinema, 391 00:51:22,710 --> 00:51:24,063 Marco Belocchio... 392 00:51:28,164 --> 00:51:33,928 Cinema Novo went international in '62 at the Third World Seminary 393 00:51:34,531 --> 00:51:38,330 organized by Columbianum, a Jesuitical agency in Genoa, 394 00:51:38,831 --> 00:51:41,664 which gathered all cinema from Latin America. 395 00:51:41,731 --> 00:51:45,598 There was a retrospective in Santa Margherita Liguri. 396 00:51:46,250 --> 00:51:49,339 They showed "The Big Fair", "The Promise". 397 00:51:49,432 --> 00:51:53,099 '62 was the year of the Palme d'or 398 00:51:53,165 --> 00:51:56,532 and Cinema Novo was beginning, "Cat Skin" won Oberhausen... 399 00:51:56,599 --> 00:51:59,898 Cinema Novo usually took the European style aback. 400 00:52:00,299 --> 00:52:02,531 Wealthy well-behaved. 401 00:52:03,021 --> 00:52:06,834 That combination of freedom and... 402 00:52:07,295 --> 00:52:09,799 Brazil already gave those films a strength 403 00:52:10,658 --> 00:52:16,432 that made them known first abroad, 404 00:52:17,204 --> 00:52:19,360 in international festivals. 405 00:52:19,860 --> 00:52:23,196 And then, in an always colonized dynamic, 406 00:52:24,152 --> 00:52:27,865 the recognition had an internal impact. 407 00:52:28,000 --> 00:52:31,203 I was in Italy when I got the invitation 408 00:52:31,694 --> 00:52:34,134 to invite as assistant director... 409 00:52:34,201 --> 00:52:37,720 Lucchino Visconti in the shooting of "Murdered House". 410 00:52:39,169 --> 00:52:43,667 I answered with a letter, saying I'd invite no Visconti, 411 00:52:43,734 --> 00:52:46,354 and I would direct "Murdered House". 412 00:52:47,403 --> 00:52:49,957 When I got here, it was a mess. 413 00:52:50,598 --> 00:52:52,711 Jânio Quadros had resigned. 414 00:52:55,055 --> 00:52:58,924 The producers had a misunderstanding and the film wasn't made. 415 00:52:59,275 --> 00:53:03,369 So, Lucio Cardozo and me went around the state of Rio de Janeiro 416 00:53:03,436 --> 00:53:06,702 looking for locations to make "Murdered House" 417 00:53:06,769 --> 00:53:10,368 and found this place called "Porto das Caixas". 418 00:53:15,569 --> 00:53:18,402 Why didn't you come by yesterday? 419 00:53:37,937 --> 00:53:40,303 You should have seen me yesterday. 420 00:53:43,533 --> 00:53:45,437 I thought I'd go insane. 421 00:53:48,805 --> 00:53:50,537 Listen... 422 00:53:55,505 --> 00:53:58,404 I waited all night long. 423 00:54:07,938 --> 00:54:11,905 Joaquim, how's your relationship with the critics? 424 00:54:11,972 --> 00:54:15,739 With some of the critics, very well, I believe. 425 00:54:15,806 --> 00:54:17,448 I've... 426 00:54:18,588 --> 00:54:22,472 never resented criticism or anything like that. 427 00:54:23,863 --> 00:54:27,272 And I think Brazilian film critics, 428 00:54:27,322 --> 00:54:30,339 from newspapers and magazines, 429 00:54:30,878 --> 00:54:35,508 is really very small, if we think of how it could be. 430 00:54:36,273 --> 00:54:40,284 It could play a more important role, it could be more complex. 431 00:54:41,201 --> 00:54:44,764 That need for stardom, to make an easy impression, 432 00:54:46,037 --> 00:54:48,792 sometimes creates a kind of critic... 433 00:54:49,580 --> 00:54:52,143 better suited for weekly magazines. 434 00:54:53,495 --> 00:54:59,341 As for newspapers, I'm not reading newspapers from São Paulo much. 435 00:55:00,977 --> 00:55:04,407 The ones from Rio are quite sclerotic when it comes to film critic. 436 00:55:23,775 --> 00:55:26,708 Which are really the big problems with Cinema Novo? 437 00:55:27,028 --> 00:55:32,608 Now for you in aesthetic economic, political terms. 438 00:55:32,675 --> 00:55:37,074 The big current aesthetic problem for Cinema Novo is economical. 439 00:55:38,442 --> 00:55:43,204 I think our big aesthetic problem, the grave aesthetic risk for Cinema Novo 440 00:55:44,825 --> 00:55:48,923 is to be taken over by foreign companies. 441 00:55:51,743 --> 00:55:55,542 In Brazil, it's possible to revitalize a new and influential artistic theory. 442 00:55:55,610 --> 00:56:00,443 I'm not trying to be a prophet... I've always studied the case rationally 443 00:56:00,510 --> 00:56:03,643 and tried to see with an open mind the elements for the process 444 00:56:03,710 --> 00:56:05,109 of creating a new cinema. 445 00:56:05,176 --> 00:56:09,143 One thing is to win the audience, like Joaquim did with "Macunaíma", 446 00:56:09,210 --> 00:56:11,177 to exploit the audience is a different thing. 447 00:56:11,244 --> 00:56:14,076 Filmmakers want the adventure of conquest. 448 00:56:18,344 --> 00:56:20,643 Come! Come! Come! 449 00:56:20,944 --> 00:56:25,343 If you're thinking of escaping, I'll never eat anyone anymore! 450 00:56:54,112 --> 00:56:56,945 Nelson Pereira dos Santos, Glauber Rocha, 451 00:56:57,012 --> 00:56:59,311 Carlos Diegues, Joaquim Pedro, 452 00:56:59,378 --> 00:57:01,479 Leon Hirszman, Roberto Santos, 453 00:57:01,546 --> 00:57:05,212 Roberto Farias, Júlio Bressane, 454 00:57:05,279 --> 00:57:07,946 Gustavo Dahl, Walter Lima, 455 00:57:08,013 --> 00:57:09,745 Maurice Capovila. 456 00:57:25,080 --> 00:57:28,979 Carlos Diegues, in Cinelândia, visits the theaters where 457 00:57:29,147 --> 00:57:31,547 "The Big City" premieres. 458 00:57:32,314 --> 00:57:37,646 With him is producer Zellito Viana, producer extraordinaire. 459 00:57:41,514 --> 00:57:43,960 A group of directors got together 460 00:57:44,522 --> 00:57:48,310 around a company to distribute their own films. 461 00:57:48,678 --> 00:57:50,947 That year, 80% of Brazilian films 462 00:57:51,845 --> 00:57:55,683 shown in the country were distributed by DiFilm. 463 00:57:57,915 --> 00:58:00,947 Everybody wanted their films distributed by DiFilms 464 00:58:01,148 --> 00:58:02,480 because we fought for the films. 465 00:58:02,815 --> 00:58:06,414 We didn't fight for the company, we fought for the films. 466 00:58:07,225 --> 00:58:13,149 DiFilm came out of the need of a group 467 00:58:13,549 --> 00:58:18,682 which makes films with shared... political and cultural views 468 00:58:18,749 --> 00:58:24,182 to organize themselves and better place those films 469 00:58:24,249 --> 00:58:26,581 in the Brazilian exhibition market. 470 00:58:26,890 --> 00:58:28,182 Our films, 471 00:58:28,472 --> 00:58:34,601 are usually restricted to small venues, 472 00:58:35,476 --> 00:58:39,833 are released in mainstream theaters. 473 00:58:40,349 --> 00:58:42,646 And, despite all our work, 474 00:58:43,349 --> 00:58:51,350 that still represents only a 70% of their potential presence in the market. 475 00:58:51,417 --> 00:58:56,350 Brazilian productions must find their markets spontaneously 476 00:58:56,417 --> 00:59:02,384 and not become some kind of beggar. 477 00:59:02,451 --> 00:59:05,237 We need to put an end to this unbelievable situation, 478 00:59:05,288 --> 00:59:07,105 that's been going on for 70 years, 479 00:59:07,198 --> 00:59:10,951 where Brazilian cinema is marginalized in its own territory. 480 00:59:11,018 --> 00:59:13,917 What do you think of national cinema? 481 00:59:14,425 --> 00:59:18,383 National cinema, despite its best efforts, is still kind of weak. 482 00:59:21,282 --> 00:59:24,984 National cinema is cool, great, I love it, you dig? 483 00:59:25,051 --> 00:59:28,218 It's better than American cinema. 484 00:59:31,985 --> 00:59:33,652 What do you think about National cinema? 485 00:59:33,719 --> 00:59:35,552 I don't like it. 486 00:59:35,619 --> 00:59:39,518 - And you? - I like it, yes. 487 00:59:40,088 --> 00:59:43,418 I think it's cool. The actors, most of all. 488 00:59:43,885 --> 00:59:47,147 If we don't solve the problem of exhibition, nothing will be solved. 489 00:59:47,198 --> 00:59:50,452 We need to free up the venues. 490 00:59:50,520 --> 00:59:53,086 Every state should have free venues 491 00:59:53,153 --> 00:59:57,044 to exhibit different things 492 00:59:57,095 --> 00:59:58,727 when we produce them 493 00:59:58,778 --> 01:00:01,053 and not imitations, for example, 494 01:00:01,425 --> 01:00:06,313 or these films that think they follow the popular taste. 495 01:00:06,786 --> 01:00:09,353 The infrastructure of Brazilian TV was set up by the state, 496 01:00:09,420 --> 01:00:11,519 investing millions of dollars. 497 01:00:11,816 --> 01:00:13,852 Cinema never had any infrastructure, 498 01:00:14,121 --> 01:00:18,120 They only invest in the superstructure, which creates dependency, paternalism. 499 01:00:18,187 --> 01:00:20,286 We must solve that infrastructurally. 500 01:00:22,454 --> 01:00:24,853 Run brother, run! 501 01:00:48,522 --> 01:00:52,221 Cinema Novo lives a fundamental contradiction. 502 01:00:52,288 --> 01:00:55,788 None of us can sleep well until we solve that problem. 503 01:00:55,855 --> 01:01:01,455 Our cinema is popular for its disposition, its appetites 504 01:01:01,522 --> 01:01:05,222 But, actually, the people don't go see our films. 505 01:01:05,489 --> 01:01:07,441 We need to continue the fight 506 01:01:07,527 --> 01:01:09,656 to penetrate the consciousness of the people, 507 01:01:09,723 --> 01:01:14,122 to show the audience what we want to say 508 01:01:14,189 --> 01:01:16,489 and seduce them at the same time. That's a contradiction. 509 01:01:16,556 --> 01:01:20,655 Truth is we are up against the majority of Brazilian people. 510 01:01:22,023 --> 01:01:24,588 A new cinema, facing the people. 511 01:01:24,689 --> 01:01:28,723 This contact, still aggressive, is sought through films which 512 01:01:28,790 --> 01:01:31,556 try to unveil Brazilian reality. 513 01:01:31,984 --> 01:01:35,756 To face an audience that has been formed by mainstream cinema for years. 514 01:01:36,664 --> 01:01:41,423 Sign of its time, this young Brazilian cinema is necessarily controversial. 515 01:01:42,657 --> 01:01:44,356 The fight has just begun. 516 01:01:44,840 --> 01:01:47,590 In a country like ours, everything is yet to be done. 517 01:01:48,039 --> 01:01:51,604 Your film "Antonio Das Mortes", is extremely violent. 518 01:01:51,830 --> 01:01:56,425 It reaches paroxysm in the depiction of physical violence 519 01:01:57,159 --> 01:02:00,959 and French audiences have reacted accordingly. 520 01:02:01,616 --> 01:02:05,045 Some are talking about gratuitous provocation, 521 01:02:05,096 --> 01:02:08,259 others say it's a concession to the spectators' lowest instincts, 522 01:02:08,326 --> 01:02:09,925 How do you explain it? 523 01:02:10,405 --> 01:02:15,091 You know Latin America is a violent continent, bloody. 524 01:02:15,881 --> 01:02:21,963 Even when such tradition is generally hidden. 525 01:02:22,659 --> 01:02:24,823 I faced that problem, 526 01:02:24,874 --> 01:02:30,921 because I couldn't hide that violence, that character, 527 01:02:31,507 --> 01:02:33,426 that behavior people have. 528 01:02:33,493 --> 01:02:35,604 If I had cut those scenes of violence, 529 01:02:36,010 --> 01:02:39,392 I'd become a censor myself. 530 01:02:39,893 --> 01:02:44,861 We read on the newspapers, every day, that people kill with 40 shots, 531 01:02:44,928 --> 01:02:48,327 50, 45 stabs. 532 01:02:48,394 --> 01:02:52,127 That's the truth, not poetry or a symbol, the truth. 533 01:02:55,316 --> 01:02:59,391 I'm not promoting blood for the blood itself. 534 01:06:24,037 --> 01:06:27,070 There wasn't a border between public and private. 535 01:06:27,137 --> 01:06:29,670 Public and private lire were all one and the same thing. 536 01:06:29,737 --> 01:06:32,736 The loved woman and revolution were the same thing, 537 01:06:32,837 --> 01:06:35,702 country and cinema were the same thing. 538 01:07:37,158 --> 01:07:40,757 Hollywood films are as terrible 539 01:07:40,807 --> 01:07:44,405 as films that have to be political, 540 01:07:44,540 --> 01:07:46,661 that have to be dogmatic, that have to be anything. 541 01:07:47,161 --> 01:07:48,673 Freedom is lost. 542 01:07:48,740 --> 01:07:53,139 If we lose freedom and democracy we can't make any poetry. 543 01:07:53,206 --> 01:07:55,573 It's impossible to make a political film. 544 01:07:55,640 --> 01:08:00,640 I want political films that are also the best poetry. 545 01:08:45,308 --> 01:08:48,737 The coup of '64 was led by Castelo Branco, 546 01:08:49,971 --> 01:08:52,042 together with the Brazilian oligarchy. 547 01:08:52,276 --> 01:08:55,290 Brazilian bourgeoisie, afraid of communism, 548 01:08:55,807 --> 01:08:58,692 didn't want to install a military dictatorship. 549 01:08:58,758 --> 01:09:02,760 In other words, a Brazilian bourgeoisie, allied to imperialism, 550 01:09:02,984 --> 01:09:06,859 and how these military sectors, liberal fascists, 551 01:09:06,976 --> 01:09:11,009 wanted to get rid of Goulart and establish a fascist liberal regime, 552 01:09:12,677 --> 01:09:15,519 They didn't want the country to be seen as a military dictatorship. 553 01:09:48,685 --> 01:09:52,311 Goulart didn't fear a coup d'etat because he believed there was 554 01:09:52,378 --> 01:09:56,174 a very strong popular organization, capable of resisting the coup. 555 01:09:56,767 --> 01:10:01,179 But that popular organization was only superficial. 556 01:10:01,246 --> 01:10:06,845 When small leftist factions of the army tried to arm the people, 557 01:10:06,912 --> 01:10:09,179 there were no guns and the people was already dispersed. 558 01:10:09,246 --> 01:10:12,679 They tried to call for a general strike 559 01:10:12,746 --> 01:10:17,711 but they found that the communist units were completely ineffective 560 01:10:17,778 --> 01:10:19,945 when they needed to deal with the people. 561 01:10:31,352 --> 01:10:33,093 Developmentalism, 562 01:10:34,554 --> 01:10:38,180 ultimate hope for the Brazilian people, 563 01:10:39,679 --> 01:10:44,612 of the most progressive force and also ours, young people. 564 01:11:08,929 --> 01:11:14,249 After hearing the members of the National Security Council have decided 565 01:11:16,085 --> 01:11:20,074 to sign the institutional act 566 01:11:20,124 --> 01:11:24,783 in order to preserve the revolution 567 01:11:24,850 --> 01:11:29,207 of March 1964. So, we are able to... 568 01:11:35,713 --> 01:11:39,855 Walking through this atmosphere of anxiety 569 01:11:39,905 --> 01:11:43,650 which generates distrust, discomfort, 570 01:11:43,751 --> 01:11:49,650 and tries to harm the regime we defend, 571 01:11:49,717 --> 01:11:53,750 we need to sign this institutional act. 572 01:12:25,519 --> 01:12:26,881 President Costa e Silva, 573 01:12:26,931 --> 01:12:29,852 solemnly sworn under the terms of the constitution, 574 01:12:29,919 --> 01:12:33,519 promising to respect it, to promote the well-being of Brazil 575 01:12:33,586 --> 01:12:36,252 and to defend its integrity and sovereignty. 576 01:13:05,120 --> 01:13:10,019 "Eight squad members dead in the night of the big massacre." 577 01:13:40,156 --> 01:13:44,488 You can't be divided like that. 578 01:13:45,722 --> 01:13:51,355 Poetry and politics are too much for only one man. 579 01:13:52,456 --> 01:13:56,188 I'd love it if you could stay with us. 580 01:13:57,089 --> 01:13:59,755 Write again. 581 01:14:00,756 --> 01:14:04,390 I don't herald songs of peace 582 01:14:04,457 --> 01:14:08,456 and the flowers of style don't interest me. 583 01:14:09,623 --> 01:14:13,656 I eat a thousand bitter news every day. 584 01:14:14,357 --> 01:14:18,156 They define the world I live in. 585 01:14:27,085 --> 01:14:29,320 Dawns don't cause me... 586 01:14:30,796 --> 01:14:33,025 the same pain they did in my adolescence. 587 01:14:34,666 --> 01:14:37,358 Peacefully, I give back to the landscape, 588 01:14:38,382 --> 01:14:40,726 the vomits of experience. 589 01:15:37,126 --> 01:15:39,825 The victory of the regime was to separate us. 590 01:15:39,893 --> 01:15:44,094 To set us apart and to turn the Brazilian cinematographic experience 591 01:15:44,161 --> 01:15:47,193 into an individual experience. 592 01:16:37,463 --> 01:16:39,204 It's all in here. 593 01:16:40,181 --> 01:16:44,021 Arms, faces... 594 01:16:44,181 --> 01:16:46,596 Guts, all alive. 595 01:16:47,361 --> 01:16:51,668 Moving and walking like things, like people. 596 01:16:52,629 --> 01:16:55,829 I'll bring forth poisons and leprosies. 597 01:16:56,880 --> 01:17:02,396 Speeches that eat away rust bone and wood. 598 01:17:02,564 --> 01:17:06,929 I'll bring to in machetes, hot lead and gunpowder. 599 01:17:09,044 --> 01:17:11,763 I'll bring forth a mussurana, long like the river. 600 01:17:13,279 --> 01:17:15,629 And spill out blood, 601 01:17:16,052 --> 01:17:20,630 more blood and still blood, and always blood. 602 01:17:20,731 --> 01:17:25,530 And blood that never stops being blood, until all is blood 603 01:17:25,631 --> 01:17:26,697 and blood is all! 604 01:17:28,528 --> 01:17:32,149 Until the slumber of the sun, until the slumber of the moon. 605 01:17:33,407 --> 01:17:37,446 Until the slumber of green, until the slumber of men. 606 01:17:38,398 --> 01:17:41,965 Until the slumber of time. 607 01:17:43,192 --> 01:17:45,129 I'll give birth! 608 01:17:45,180 --> 01:17:51,193 I'll give birth until it's all a rotten mass! 609 01:17:53,073 --> 01:17:58,832 Until it's all poison. Until everything kills everything. 610 01:18:01,035 --> 01:18:03,994 Until the rotten stinks its own stink. 611 01:18:05,304 --> 01:18:07,183 Until I kill life... 612 01:18:07,850 --> 01:18:13,133 And this world doesn't have more room or time even for death. 613 01:18:13,708 --> 01:18:16,847 No smell, no death. 614 01:20:07,338 --> 01:20:10,565 I don't think you can talk about culture without talking about politics. 615 01:20:10,616 --> 01:20:13,805 And you can't talk about politics and not talk about individual liberties. 616 01:20:14,539 --> 01:20:17,739 To talk about the atmosphere where culture is created. 617 01:20:18,247 --> 01:20:25,939 Is more important than discussing the economy or censorship. 618 01:20:26,480 --> 01:20:29,175 It's about everyday life, right? 619 01:20:29,800 --> 01:20:38,373 Culture in the sense of social relationships and human creativity 620 01:20:38,440 --> 01:20:41,151 in a certain country, in a certain moment in time. 621 01:20:41,184 --> 01:20:47,356 If a filmmaker keeps talking about his bad economic situation, 622 01:20:48,166 --> 01:20:53,307 he's forgetting a basic aspect of it all, which is participation. 623 01:20:53,374 --> 01:20:59,341 Everyone's need to participate in the general process of Brazilian society. 624 01:20:59,408 --> 01:21:02,574 And there can only be participation when there's no fear. 625 01:22:31,744 --> 01:22:36,111 I think that, 4 years from now, people will understand 626 01:22:36,179 --> 01:22:39,278 they must see our films. 627 01:22:39,747 --> 01:22:45,478 I think they'll be convinced that this cinema is necessary 628 01:22:45,939 --> 01:22:54,031 for them to witness their own lives, the current history of Brazil. 629 01:22:57,945 --> 01:23:01,279 Your fight is only getting started, then? 630 01:23:01,346 --> 01:23:03,717 We are willing to continue. 631 01:23:04,190 --> 01:23:08,445 We'll continue, at any cost, we'll go on. 632 01:23:12,013 --> 01:23:27,846 There's no fortune without blood! 633 01:24:00,415 --> 01:24:04,747 The power of the people is stronger! 634 01:24:16,383 --> 01:24:18,616 The Cinema Novo movement doesn't exist. 635 01:24:18,643 --> 01:24:20,649 But the idea of Cinema Novo does. 636 01:24:20,782 --> 01:24:23,500 The idea is eternal, new is eternal. 637 01:24:23,550 --> 01:24:26,683 That idea will live on. 50400

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