All language subtitles for Earth Odyssey With Dylan Dreyer S07E13 1080p WEB h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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Narrator: when you see this
Symbol, you know you're watching

Television that's educational
And informational.

The more you know on nbc.

Dylan: hi there, I'm dylan
Dreyer.

Whether it's a flock, a herd, or
A troop, some animals are just

Happier together.

Come join the crowd as we meet
Extraordinary wildlife, right

Now on earth odyssey.

Today, a marathon migration
Proves that running with the

Herd pays off.

And it takes more than cuddle
Power to keep these mountain

Monkeys warm.

Plus, in this town, birds of a
Feather really do flock

Together, by the tens of
Thousands.

And a silent predator sweeps
Across the ocean floor, trying

To defeat a crustacean army.

All that and much more, right
Now on earth odyssey.

[music]

Dylan: in nature, some animals
Are mostly loners, coming

Together only to mate
Or to fight rivals.

But others, like elephants,
Dolphins, and primates, are born

Into complex social groups.

It seems there's both strength
And safety in numbers.

That's especially true for one
Species, who's mastered the art

Of going the distance.

In north america, the yukon
Ranges provide animals just

Enough sustenance to survive
Months of sub-zero temperatures.

This enormous herd of porcupine
Caribou have mated through a

Lean winter.

But now the seasons are
Shifting.

It's spring, the females are
Pregnant, and the caribou have

Grown restless.

They're ready to head north to
Their calving grounds.

The porcupine caribou's journey
Is the longest animal land

Migration in the world.

More than 200,000 individuals
Will run more than 1,500 miles.

They move from the forests of
The canadian yukon to the arctic

National wildlife refuge in
Alaska.

Called caribou in north america,
They're better known as reindeer

In europe and asia.

The herd creates a dramatic
Spectacle as they head towards

The greener pastures of their
Calving ground.

They thunder across ancient
North american trails as they

Have for more than 3,000 years.

This season's weary travelers
Arrive to a summer of arctic

Color.

The top layer of the tundra has
Melted.

Fresh vegetation provides
Essential nutrition for the

Lactating mothers.

Around 40,000 calves are born
Each year.

The infants grow quickly.

Amazingly, within a week, the
Newborns can run as fast as

Their mothers, more than 45
Miles per hour.

But even in this extreme
Environment, specialist hunters

Are watching.

Arctic wolves also prowl the
Tundra.

They, too, travel long distances
To find food, and they have

Their own offspring to feed.

The youngest caribou are easier
Prey.

A mother searches for her calf,
But it's fallen behind the herd.

A chase can begin in seconds.

[suspenseful music]

Dylan: but this calf is lucky.

More than 10% of calves will be
Taken by predators in the first

Month.

But for those that survive the
Summer, a first long migration

Back is beginning soon.

As they learn to run with the
Herd, they will face a constant

Battle for food while hoofing it
Over miles of terrain.

Predators, like these wolves,
Will keep them constantly on the

Move.

But the porcupine caribou seem
To draw their vital energy from

The size and momentum of the
Herd.

Coming up, find out why grooming
And group hugs are key to

Survival at high altitude.

And a massive undersea pileup
Has a protective purpose.

Plus, in this town, an ancient
Tradition of kindness to animals

Has outsized results.

Find out more when earth odyssey
Returns.

.

Narrator: we now return to
The more you know on nbc.

[music]

Dylan: high in the mountain
Forests of southern china lives

An impressive tree dweller.

There aren't many animals that
Can survive the large seasonal

Swings of climate here.

But the golden snub-nosed monkey
Thrives at extreme altitudes.

Their home is a small region of
The tibetan plateau, between

6,000 to 13,000 feet above sea
Level.

In winter, snow falls across the
Range, sending temperatures

Plummeting.

It's thought that the monkeys'
Noses are snubbed to avoid

Frostbite.

Tfood becomes extremely limited
Once the fruit, nuts, and leaves

Are gone.

So the monkeys must live off
Lichen, moss, and bits of bark.

Intensely social and cooperative
As these monkeys are, they still

Have to find ways to cope with
Rivalry for food and mates.

As the seasons change, scarce
Resources breed intense

Competition.

Males tend to live alone or
Sometimes in all-male bachelor

Groups.

But those with families have a
Busy job keeping everyone fed

And happy.

This species spends most of its
Time in the trees.

But down on the forest floor, a
Brawl is brewing.

A young challenger wants to take
Over one dominant male's role

And breeding privileges.

Bearing his razor-sharp teeth,
The dominant male tries to scare

Off the challenger.

But the younger male persists.

[music]

[screeching and fighting noises

Dylan: the group is whipped into
A frenzy as their leadership

Hangs in the balance.

Luckily, this battle is mostly
Bluff and bravado without any

Physical harm.

The challenger retreats to fight
Another day.

Although the males compete for
Dominance in front of the whole

Troop, it's the females who
Ultimately choose their own

Partners.

And he'd better be good at
Grooming.

Their thick coats require
Constant care in this weather.

If the females lose interest or
Grow cold to his caretaking and

Advances, he'll become the
Target for a takeover.

And as loyal as they may appear
Now toward the alpha male, some

Females will also find other
Partners.

It's a clever strategy since
Male monkeys will protect their

Own genetic line.

[monkey shrilling]

Dylan: family ties are a good
Hedge to keep little ones from

Harm.

All this bonding and social
Cooperation help keep the whole

Troop healthy in the remote
Forests.

Their offspring won't mature for
Six or seven years.

Enough time to learn the key
Life lessons of this reclusive

And endangered species.

Coming up, queen marie
Antoinette named this bird for

Its elegant moves.

And it's a decapod decathlon
When these sea creatures take

Off.

Find out more when earth odyssey
Returns.

.

Narrator: we now return to
The more you know on nbc.

[music]

Dylan: the mystery of bird
Migration fills me with a sense

Of wonder.

Great flocks travel thousands of
Miles in harsh conditions to

Arrive at precise locations.

We don't exactly know how birds
Decide when and where to stop on

Their journeys, but one species
Has adopted a layover in its

Flight path thanks to some very
Attentive humans.

One species of unexpectedly
Elegant birds undertake an

Intense migration loop every
Year.

They'll cross the himalayas from
Mongolia to the edge of an

Indian desert and return by
Another arduous route.

More than 45 years ago, a dozen
Demoiselle cranes stopped on

Their way in the small indian
Town of kichin.

The locals gave the birds grain
And water.

Now, more than 25,000 cranes
Come back every year.

So many that you could say the
Town has been overrun by its

Kindness to animals.

The area has become a key
Migratory destination as water

Fills local ponds after the
Monsoon rains.

And with locals and visitors
Continuing to pay for the grain

To feed them, some flocks stay
For up to five months.

They are honored avian guests in
A man-made refuge that's likely

To increase in popularity.

Coming up, their legs are nearly
Two feet long, and they'll need

Every inch when trying to evade
A stealth predator.

Find out what happens next when
Earth odyssey returns.

.

Narrator: we now return to
The more you know on nbc.

[music]

Dylan: in the southern pacific
Ocean off australia, one

Species is rising from the
Deep, step by step in a huge

Formation.

With more than 25-inch legs, the
Japanese spider crabs are among

The largest crabs in the ocean.

A tough outer shell is a perfect
Defense against predators.

But this invertebrate's outer
Shell is totally rigid.

So as the soft crab grows, they
Also outgrow their outer bony

Armor every year.

Now they've come up from depths
Of more than 2,500 feet to molt.

One female has reached the final
Stage.

Her body has been pumping out
Enzymes to separate the old

Exoskeleton.

It will take her an hour to
Literally climb out of her

Shell.

Migrating en masse, spider crabs
Have safety in numbers.

But she's been left behind.

She needs to be quick.

Predators have been waiting for
The migration.

[music]

Dylan: an easy target, she needs
To get back to the group.

Hungry, smooth stingrays are
More than 13 feet in length.

But mid-molt, the crab can't
Move.

Another straggler, it's
Instantly targeted.

Immobile, the molting crab could
Be next.

She gets lucky.

She's managed to wriggle free of
Her old shell, but her new,

Lighter-colored shell will take
Days to harden.

At nearly 800 pounds, each ray
Will eat multiple crabs.

Getting to the bottom of the
Pile is the key survival

Strategy.

Crabs that still have their old,
Tough shells act like living

Shields.

It takes 48 hours of the
Onslaught to survive before her

Shell fully hardens.

The marching crabs will leave
Behind what looks like a

Graveyard.

But the decaying exoskeletons
Signify the next stage of a life

Cycle.

We've seen how very different
Species have evolved to depend

On each other around the world.

From the longest land migration
On earth in north america to a

Flight across the tallest
Mountains in the world, animals

Share rewards and challenges to
Protect their own species.

Thanks for watching.

I'm dylan dreyer.

See you next time on earth
Odyssey.

[music]