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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(muffled cheering)

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(siren wailing)

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(Indistinct chatter)

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Spokesman: Ladies and gentlemen of the press...

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Man: Out of the way! Come on, down.

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Give somebody else a break.

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Spokesman: I have been provided

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with the following background information.

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Mr. Shin and Miss Choi are both nationals of South Korea

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and are married.

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Mr. Shin was a well-known director

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and Miss Choi a famous actress

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in the South Korean film industry.

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Some eight years ago, Miss Choi appeared in North Korea

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after having been in Hong Kong.

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Subsequently, Mr. Shin travelled to Hong Kong

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and later appeared in North Korea.

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Today's conference is held at the request

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of Mr. Shin and Miss Choi.

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The Shin couple will have an opening statement

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after I have finished my...

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(chuckles)

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(indistinct chatter)

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(applause)

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(camera shutter clicks)

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(applause)

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Narrator: Kim Jong-il's leadership of Korea.

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Mount Paektu, the mountain that chimes

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with the history of the Korean revolution,

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carries the great history of the leadership of Korea

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By Kim Jong-il.

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Inheriting the qualities of president Kim Il-sung,

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a peerless hero of Korea,

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and Kim Jong-suk,

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a woman hero of the anti-Japanese revolution,

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Kim Jong-il has led the Korean revolution

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for several decades.

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In the mid-1960s,

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when the situation in Korea and the world was complicated,

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Kim Jong-il started working

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at the central committee of the workers' party of Korea,

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the general staff of the Korean revolution.

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Whenever the us imperialists resorted to high-handedness

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with regard to Korea,

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he'd put them to shame, displaying the wisdom

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and mettle of an iron-willed commander.

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(applause)

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(cheering)

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In the 1960s, I was working

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in a military-intelligence organization in South Korea.

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But I didn't have any connection with the film business.

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I was just in the audience.

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My job was to interrogate North Korean defectors

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and arrest North Korean espionage agents.

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(cheering)

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In the 1970s, the North Korean Workers' Party

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recognized Kim Jong-il as his father's heir apparent.

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So he started to build up his own power base.

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During that period, there was a very severe power struggle,

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to protect Kim Jong-il's power

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and his succession to power after his father.

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Many, many people were killed and purged.

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(cheering)

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All of them are brainwashed.

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All of them are brainwashed.

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But the interrogator's job is to crack him.

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To make him understand the true story, the true facts,

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of what's going on.

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♪ (man sings in Korean) ♪

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(chuckles)

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(shouting)

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Interviewer: Can you describe what you heard on the tapes?

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Because you told us before that you have heard

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Kim Jong-il's voice, and not many people have.

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I cannot do that.

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Interviewer: I know you can't explain how you heard it,

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but can you explain that you knew they were real?

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And that this was really Kim Jong-il?

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I cannot tell you the circumstances.

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Interviewer: Yes, of course.

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Okay, let's... Let's start. Okay.

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I mentioned five tapes

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that were released to the South Korean authorities

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and I recognized Kim Jong-il's voice.

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(scratchy interference on tape)

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Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(Kim's Jong-il's indistinct speech on tape recorder)

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Choi: Okay.

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Mm.

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(train whistle blows)

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(groaning)

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(indistinct chatter)

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Iain T.A. Hall: We received a phone call,

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from the Furama Hotel,

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that one of their guests had left the hotel without paying,

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in circumstances which they were unfamiliar with.

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I think it was a Sunday.

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Just about to come off my particular shift.

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And because Hong Kong is such a massive place

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with so many people,

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missing people, missing persons cases, were, as you can imagine,

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happening quite frequently.

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But because this case involved a foreign national,

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i.e. not a local Hong Kong person,

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we had to pay particular attention.

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When we got to the hotel, everything was in its place.

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All her suitcases, her personal belongings.

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The bathroom had all the cosmetics that you'd expect

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from someone who's staying there

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and had no intention of leaving in a hurry.

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So we soon realized that we were on to something here

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which wasn't just a missing person.

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Why has she come to Hong Kong?

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Who asked her? Why was she there?

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And why had she mysteriously just disappeared,

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as it would seem, off the face of the Earth with no trace?

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Yi: Choi was divorced...

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with a big bank debt.

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One Korean lady approached Choi Eun-hee,

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and she said, "Well, we have a very rich person in Hong Kong.

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She's also in the film business."

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Her name was Lee Sang-hee.

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At the time, the South Korean government didn't know,

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Choi didn't know, I didn't...

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Nobody knew she was a North Korean agent.

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(ship horn blows)

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(camera shutter clicks)

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Hall: On the 30th February, 1978,

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we searched Lee Sang-hee's apartment at Queen's Road East.

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It was quite revealing what we found.

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A used North Korean airline ticket.

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And also, a film script called Woman Slave Ship,

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which was one of Shin's film scripts.

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I remember the first time I met Shin.

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There was something quite distinctive about him.

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He had a bit of a swagger, good-looking and very confident.

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It's difficult to articulate instinct,

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but we felt there was something about Shin

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that didn't sit comfortably with us.

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His answers were somewhat inconsistent,

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and he appeared to be very evasive.

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He was quite clear that he had nothing to do with it,

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but wanted to have police protection.

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He felt that Choi had been abducted by the North Koreans.

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He was obviously quite concerned

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about what was going to happen to him.

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Yi: Many different stories spread.

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Speculations.

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Shin contacted Kim Kyu-hwa.

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He was Shin's old friend and business partner.

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But Shin did not know...

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he was also a North Korean agent.

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(projector whirs)

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♪ (film soundtrack plays) ♪

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(shouting)

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(gunshot)

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Pierre Rissient: I was in Hong Kong for the film festival.

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And because I had heard about Shin Sang-ok,

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I wanted to meet him and to see some of his films.

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I do not remember exactly how it came about.

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I remember that I found out that he was at this hotel,

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that I was surprised that it was such a cheap hotel.

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Clearly, he was not doing well.

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From 1974,

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the South Korean government decided to stop his activities.

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He was not authorized to make films.

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He was an outcast in Korea.

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He had to try to find work somewhere else.

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Rissient: The suspicion was that he was dead.

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The suspicion that he could have been killed by the Korean CIA.

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(boat engine whirs)

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(tape recorder clicks)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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♪ (singing Korean opera) ♪

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♪ (opera continues) ♪

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(applause)

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(tape recorder clicks)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(hammering)

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(whistle blows)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(inaudible)

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(sighs)

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♪ (film soundtrack plays) ♪

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(chuckles)

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(Indistinct chatter)

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Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(inaudible)

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David Straub: Kim Jong-il had a most bizarre childhood.

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He was clearly an awful leader and an awful person,

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as an adult.

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But one has to feel a little sympathy for this boy,

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unable to live anything like a normal childhood.

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Apparently, the decision was made

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that Kim Jong-il couldn't play with other children.

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So he had only a tiny number of playmates.

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He was put in an enormous house to live,

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given a huge room stuffed with toys.

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(applause)

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Undoubtedly, being raised that way must have contributed

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to the very odd personality that Kim Jong-il developed.

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As early as the early seventies,

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Kim Il-sung was having his son, Kim Jong-il, groomed

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to succeed him.

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(muffled applause)

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And yet, the people's respect for Kim Jong-il

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was much less than it was for his father, Kim Il-sung.

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Kim Jong-il was not the founder, he was the son.

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He inherited his position.

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He was much shorter than his father.

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(inaudible)

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And his father was quite outgoing.

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He looked like a politician.

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He laughed, he slapped people on the shoulder.

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And Kim Jong-il was clearly, in ways, self-aware

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and knew that he was not charismatic.

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He was introverted, shy.

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He never really spoke publically to his people.

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Kim Jong-il thought of himself as an artiste.

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(inaudible)

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But in the late 1970s,

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Kim Jong-il was actually running the country, for the most part.

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Kim Il-sung probably had the last word,

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but he was very much, in many respects,

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the retired grandfather,

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and I don't think he was watching very closely

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what Kim Jong-il was doing.

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♪ (big band music plays) ♪

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(inaudible)

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Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(canon fire)

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- (shouting) - (explosions)

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(roars)

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(explosion)

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(explosion)

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♪ (film soundtrack plays) ♪

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♪ (sings in Korean) ♪

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(laughing)

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Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(laughing)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(Kim Jong-il laughs)

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Narrator: Korea, a land of morning calm.

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Jong-il peak soars high in Mount Paektu.

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The dear leader, comrade Kim Jong-il, was born

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In this historic house in the secret camp, below the peak.

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The mountain is a mysterious one,

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where wonders are made.

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(birds singing)

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(muffled cheering)

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(inaudible)

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(chuckles)

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(cheering and applause)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(laughing)

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(Kim Jong-il laughs)

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Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

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(muffled cheering)

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Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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01:07:55,471 --> 01:07:59,392
Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

267
01:08:09,152 --> 01:08:13,489
(speaking Korean)

268
01:08:34,844 --> 01:08:35,929
(speaking Korean)

269
01:08:38,848 --> 01:08:42,727
Choi:

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01:09:01,246 --> 01:09:02,247
(Choi chuckles)

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01:09:17,595 --> 01:09:20,306
(chuckles)

272
01:09:22,600 --> 01:09:25,435
Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

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01:11:31,896 --> 01:11:34,107
Rissient: He was shooting a picture in Prague.

274
01:11:35,942 --> 01:11:37,318
It was a kind of sensation.

275
01:11:38,861 --> 01:11:42,740
Shin Sang-ok had surfaced in Prague,

276
01:11:42,740 --> 01:11:45,326
shooting a film for North Korea.

277
01:11:47,620 --> 01:11:49,122
He was full of ambition...

278
01:11:50,415 --> 01:11:52,291
speaking of the studio which he was building,

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01:11:52,708 --> 01:11:56,879
bringing new equipment with him, to make films,

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01:11:56,879 --> 01:11:58,423
and producing films.

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01:11:58,423 --> 01:12:01,634
And I guess he was close to...

282
01:12:02,552 --> 01:12:05,763
the man he was in the sixties, when he was so successful.

283
01:12:07,432 --> 01:12:08,808
He was certainly very happy.

284
01:12:09,725 --> 01:12:12,145
I suppose you're from Korea, aren't you?

285
01:12:12,895 --> 01:12:14,730
I came here on some business.

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01:12:15,356 --> 01:12:16,399
Welcome.

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01:12:41,007 --> 01:12:42,884
(inaudible)

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01:12:46,971 --> 01:12:48,598
Derek Malcolm: They were accompanied by about

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01:12:48,890 --> 01:12:50,766
at least 20 heavies,

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01:12:51,392 --> 01:12:53,227
whom, I gathered, were...

291
01:12:53,603 --> 01:12:56,689
I thought were North Korean security people.

292
01:12:58,733 --> 01:13:01,402
They were definitely guarding these people.

293
01:13:03,279 --> 01:13:05,740
All in the same suit. It was very strange.

294
01:13:05,740 --> 01:13:09,452
They were all in exactly the same dark suit.

295
01:13:11,120 --> 01:13:14,749
I don't know... They seemed sort of friendly.

296
01:13:16,501 --> 01:13:21,255
It did seem as if there was something slightly odd going on.

297
01:13:25,218 --> 01:13:29,096
Yi: They went to the Berlin International Film Festival.

298
01:13:29,639 --> 01:13:33,559
And there, they met South Korean friends

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01:13:34,059 --> 01:13:35,937
attending this festival.

300
01:13:37,188 --> 01:13:40,233
Shin and Choi showed very cold shoulder to them.

301
01:13:40,942 --> 01:13:44,070
"Okay, we're doing very good in North Korea.

302
01:13:44,737 --> 01:13:48,866
You cannot even imagine how much the party is supporting us.

303
01:13:49,450 --> 01:13:52,286
We are freely making films as we want.

304
01:13:52,787 --> 01:13:55,039
We are perfectly okay in North Korea.

305
01:13:55,039 --> 01:13:57,375
There is no country in the world

306
01:13:57,375 --> 01:13:59,669
better than North Korea to be in the film business."

307
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North Korean watchdog security guards

308
01:14:03,172 --> 01:14:06,092
reported to Kim Jong-il when they got back to Pyongyang.

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01:14:06,092 --> 01:14:09,011
"Oh, now, don't say anything.

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Shin Sang-ok and Choi Eun-hee

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01:14:12,682 --> 01:14:15,518
are absolutely loyal to North Korea.

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01:14:18,396 --> 01:14:22,149
They are loyal to Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il."

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01:14:23,484 --> 01:14:26,737
And they started to obtain more confidence

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01:14:26,737 --> 01:14:28,197
from these two leaders.

315
01:14:28,906 --> 01:14:30,950
And they gave them better treatment.

316
01:14:32,785 --> 01:14:36,247
That was the beginning of Shin and Choi

317
01:14:36,622 --> 01:14:41,043
starting to think about escaping from North Korea.

318
01:15:20,875 --> 01:15:21,959
(chuckles)

319
01:16:33,823 --> 01:16:35,950
Choi: (speaking Korean on tape)

320
01:17:59,992 --> 01:18:01,577
(indistinct chatter)

321
01:18:15,633 --> 01:18:16,967
(chanting)

322
01:18:45,412 --> 01:18:48,082
Shin Sang-ok: (speaking Korean on tape)

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01:19:43,095 --> 01:19:44,096
(tape clicks)

324
01:19:53,480 --> 01:19:54,732
Straub: Out of the blue,

325
01:19:54,732 --> 01:19:57,818
I received a telephone call from a lady,

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01:19:57,818 --> 01:20:00,195
saying that she was associated

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01:20:00,195 --> 01:20:03,198
with Shin Sang-ok and Choi Eun-hee,

328
01:20:03,616 --> 01:20:05,826
and she needed to talk to me.

329
01:20:06,911 --> 01:20:10,456
Her father had met Shin Sang-ok when travelling in Europe.

330
01:20:11,165 --> 01:20:14,043
She said that Shin had asked him

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01:20:14,043 --> 01:20:16,795
to pass a message to the US government,

332
01:20:17,463 --> 01:20:20,215
that Shin was being held under duress,

333
01:20:20,466 --> 01:20:22,927
that he not defected to North Korea,

334
01:20:23,218 --> 01:20:27,014
that he wished to escape and come to the United States.

335
01:20:29,350 --> 01:20:33,145
And we have a bag, full of rattling microcassette tapes

336
01:20:33,145 --> 01:20:34,688
like we used to use in those days.

337
01:20:36,190 --> 01:20:40,402
Well, at that point, I nearly jumped off my chair

338
01:20:40,778 --> 01:20:45,157
and said, "Tapes? Of Shin talking with Kim Jong-il?"

339
01:20:45,950 --> 01:20:47,201
Now, at that time,

340
01:20:47,910 --> 01:20:50,579
no one had ever heard Kim Jong-il say anything.

341
01:20:50,579 --> 01:20:53,207
We didn't know what his voice sounded like.

342
01:20:55,584 --> 01:20:57,878
My wife is originally from Korea.

343
01:20:59,254 --> 01:21:01,256
I thought it would be useful if she could help me

344
01:21:01,548 --> 01:21:03,217
listen to a few of these tapes,

345
01:21:03,217 --> 01:21:05,219
to see if they sounded authentic.

346
01:21:06,595 --> 01:21:09,264
So, for some silly reason, we were sitting in bed,

347
01:21:09,264 --> 01:21:13,852
and we actually covered our heads with the sheets

348
01:21:13,852 --> 01:21:17,022
while we were listening covertly to these tapes.

349
01:21:17,898 --> 01:21:23,404
Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

350
01:23:30,322 --> 01:23:31,657
(tires screech)

351
01:24:03,605 --> 01:24:04,731
(tram bell rings)

352
01:25:01,997 --> 01:25:06,126
On March 13th, Shin Sang-ok,

353
01:25:06,835 --> 01:25:08,670
a former South Korean movie producer,

354
01:25:08,962 --> 01:25:10,547
who has been working in North Korea,

355
01:25:11,215 --> 01:25:13,050
and Choi Eun-hee,

356
01:25:13,508 --> 01:25:15,552
approached the US government and sought assistance.

357
01:25:16,178 --> 01:25:17,471
We have given them assistance,

358
01:25:17,930 --> 01:25:19,473
but I can't give you anything further.

359
01:25:22,934 --> 01:25:24,728
Dean S. Robinson: In Vienna, we would expect

360
01:25:24,728 --> 01:25:26,813
that any defector that's going to walk in

361
01:25:26,813 --> 01:25:29,942
is either an Eastern-bloc military person,

362
01:25:30,275 --> 01:25:33,028
an Eastern-bloc intelligence officer or a diplomat.

363
01:25:35,072 --> 01:25:36,907
Film people from North Korea...

364
01:25:38,032 --> 01:25:39,576
that's interesting. That's...

365
01:25:40,202 --> 01:25:43,538
That's not something you see very often on the radar.

366
01:25:43,538 --> 01:25:45,123
That's not what you would expect.

367
01:25:48,335 --> 01:25:50,170
They spent considerable time,

368
01:25:50,420 --> 01:25:53,090
sitting down talking to the intelligence authorities

369
01:25:53,090 --> 01:25:57,094
about every single aspect of that story.

370
01:26:01,056 --> 01:26:04,809
This story could sound funny,

371
01:26:04,809 --> 01:26:07,354
if we were the suspicious kind of people.

372
01:26:08,480 --> 01:26:11,148
When I met Shin and Choi for the first time,

373
01:26:11,608 --> 01:26:15,988
they were so uneasy. They were so ill at ease.

374
01:26:17,781 --> 01:26:21,034
Some people said Choi was really kidnapped.

375
01:26:21,034 --> 01:26:25,038
But Shin was not kidnapped, he walked into North Korea.

376
01:26:25,497 --> 01:26:27,958
That was a widespread story.

377
01:26:29,334 --> 01:26:32,087
Rissient: Everyone was convinced in South Korea

378
01:26:33,046 --> 01:26:35,173
that he had gone willingly.

379
01:26:35,507 --> 01:26:37,050
For whatever it means,

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01:26:37,050 --> 01:26:40,095
every single person at that time thought that.

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01:26:41,221 --> 01:26:44,599
(Kim Jong-il's indistinct voice on tape)

382
01:26:44,599 --> 01:26:49,438
On the tape, Kim Jong-il confessed

383
01:26:49,980 --> 01:26:53,942
that he had to kidnap Shin and Choi

384
01:26:54,276 --> 01:26:55,861
to North Korea

385
01:26:55,861 --> 01:26:58,405
to improve the North Korean film business.

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01:27:00,490 --> 01:27:03,285
Kim Jong-il: (speaking Korean on tape)

387
01:27:47,120 --> 01:27:49,706
The truth about the kidnap, I think,

388
01:27:50,415 --> 01:27:54,836
unless there really is a solid source in North Korea,

389
01:27:55,796 --> 01:27:57,214
a trustable source...

390
01:27:59,007 --> 01:28:00,342
I think we shall never know.

391
01:28:05,263 --> 01:28:07,891
Anyway, they were brought to the United States.

392
01:28:07,891 --> 01:28:12,562
The United States government accepted their asylum

393
01:28:12,562 --> 01:28:13,688
in the United States.

394
01:28:47,013 --> 01:28:49,474
(laughs and cries)

395
01:29:06,491 --> 01:29:07,492
(chuckles)

396
01:29:28,889 --> 01:29:30,265
(indistinct chatter)

397
01:29:47,699 --> 01:29:49,576
(cries)

398
01:32:36,451 --> 01:32:37,452
(sighs)

399
01:32:45,960 --> 01:32:47,295
(indistinct chatter)

400
01:33:08,148 --> 01:33:11,318
(crowd sobbing)

401
01:34:10,085 --> 01:34:11,337
(explosion)