1 00:00:54,700 --> 00:00:58,240 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 2 00:00:58,240 --> 00:01:05,060 A very bureaucratic program. You work 3 00:01:05,060 --> 00:01:05,999 at a computer screen? 4 00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:12,780 Yes. You go through training so you can 5 00:01:12,780 --> 00:01:19,580 work on airstrikes. Okay. A system that... contains all... 6 00:01:19,580 --> 00:01:21,860 the air force's targets. 7 00:01:23,080 --> 00:01:25,360 Is there a building in Gaza you planned to bring down? 8 00:01:34,520 --> 00:01:39,700 I definitely helped plan strikes on buildings that collapsed. 9 00:01:40,560 --> 00:01:41,600 Do you remember how many? 10 00:01:44,100 --> 00:01:45,100 No. 11 00:02:07,050 --> 00:02:08,970 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 12 00:02:09,210 --> 00:02:10,210 Yeah? 13 00:02:11,290 --> 00:02:16,790 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 14 00:02:18,450 --> 00:02:23,510 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 15 00:02:25,810 --> 00:02:29,470 You can see the city, but the city can't see you, in a way. 16 00:02:43,630 --> 00:02:44,670 He's sitting in front of a screen. 17 00:02:49,310 --> 00:02:55,350 He sees it like this. There are other buildings nearby, and this is the one to strike. 18 00:02:56,410 --> 00:02:59,350 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 19 00:03:00,930 --> 00:03:05,770 This building is 20 meters... actually, 15 meters. 20 00:03:06,470 --> 00:03:08,790 One of the things they do is work out how many floors there are. 21 00:03:09,600 --> 00:03:12,020 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually by the windows. 22 00:03:12,820 --> 00:03:17,480 You can also check against its height. A standard floor in Gaza is about three 23 00:03:17,480 --> 00:03:18,480 meters high. 24 00:03:18,960 --> 00:03:19,960 Like this. 25 00:03:22,420 --> 00:03:27,360 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? 26 00:03:27,580 --> 00:03:28,580 He's been identified as a target. 27 00:03:29,040 --> 00:03:35,760 But if intelligence estimates there are four civilians on that floor, the strike's NAZA 28 00:03:35,760 --> 00:03:36,760 is four. 29 00:03:37,340 --> 00:03:39,020 NAZA four. 30 00:03:43,980 --> 00:03:44,939 What's NAZA? 31 00:03:44,940 --> 00:03:50,420 Collateral damage. The number of people who are going to die in... in the strike. 32 00:03:50,840 --> 00:03:52,200 As a result of the strike. 33 00:03:52,940 --> 00:03:54,200 They say, "NAZA 15." 34 00:03:54,740 --> 00:04:01,040 They don't say, "Fifteen people will be killed," let alone... 35 00:04:01,040 --> 00:04:05,020 "Fifteen children and women will be killed." They say, "NAZA 15." 36 00:04:08,360 --> 00:04:13,160 Do you know what the numbers were... for NAZA? I mean... 37 00:04:15,500 --> 00:04:17,200 I don't remember them. 38 00:04:17,800 --> 00:04:19,880 Do you know anyone who would? 39 00:04:20,640 --> 00:04:23,120 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 40 00:04:27,960 --> 00:04:34,900 Yes, but I don't think he wants to talk 41 00:04:34,900 --> 00:04:35,900 about it. 42 00:04:35,920 --> 00:04:37,680 I'm also trying to understand... 43 00:04:52,080 --> 00:04:56,500 Does NAZA distinguish between, say, children and babies, and men? 44 00:04:57,440 --> 00:04:58,440 Yes. 45 00:04:59,280 --> 00:05:00,420 Does a baby count as one NAZA? 46 00:05:00,800 --> 00:05:01,800 Yes. 47 00:05:02,560 --> 00:05:03,560 Yes. 48 00:05:04,060 --> 00:05:06,520 [unclear] 49 00:05:07,760 --> 00:05:10,340 What's the highest number you remember for a single strike? 50 00:05:12,060 --> 00:05:18,940 I can't say how many were killed, because they never check. But 500 were approved 51 00:05:18,940 --> 00:05:19,940 you know. 52 00:05:23,660 --> 00:05:24,740 For one person. 53 00:05:27,520 --> 00:05:31,660 So 500 is, like... that's a small town in Israel? 54 00:05:32,260 --> 00:05:33,260 Yes. 55 00:05:36,780 --> 00:05:38,700 "A computer game," we always said. 56 00:05:39,080 --> 00:05:44,220 Really? You called it that? -Yes, like a computer game. -How so? -Because it's all 57 00:05:44,220 --> 00:05:45,220 done remotely. 58 00:05:58,960 --> 00:06:02,220 NAZA, in the strikes I remember, was 200. 59 00:06:04,780 --> 00:06:11,760 A senior figure. We don't really know where he's staying. Any place we suspect he might 60 00:06:11,760 --> 00:06:18,540 pass through in his daily routine, we'll bomb. Across a wide area. 61 00:06:20,560 --> 00:06:26,540 Say, from here to that building over there. We strike all of it. A whole neighborhood. 62 00:06:48,590 --> 00:06:54,530 At one point, anyone listed in Lavender could be bombed with 20 collateral deaths. 63 00:06:55,070 --> 00:06:57,230 NAZA 20. -NAZA 20. 64 00:06:57,690 --> 00:07:04,350 Suddenly, NAZA 20 became a benchmark. They were killing very low-level Hamas operatives 65 00:07:04,350 --> 00:07:06,870 with a very free hand on the trigger, under orders. 66 00:07:07,630 --> 00:07:14,090 But when you authorize killing 20 people for every low-level operative, and there are more 67 00:07:14,090 --> 00:07:16,430 low-level operatives, that adds up to all of Gaza. -Yes. 68 00:07:21,750 --> 00:07:27,150 Right. I still don't really know what to do with that realization. 69 00:07:28,030 --> 00:07:29,070 I mean, yes, that's right. 70 00:07:29,970 --> 00:07:36,350 In practice, that's why at some point I really couldn't stay. I couldn't 71 00:07:36,350 --> 00:07:40,750 stay there, and... I can't be part of this. 72 00:07:43,090 --> 00:07:46,470 Well, you were. -What? -I mean, you already took part. -Yes. 73 00:08:17,830 --> 00:08:21,750 We watched a film about it during training. It's called Eye in the Sky. 74 00:08:23,110 --> 00:08:26,490 There's the strike, which was the role I had. 75 00:08:31,690 --> 00:08:36,250 They really try to convince them that it's moral. That's something I told myself too. 76 00:08:36,250 --> 00:08:56,010 [unclear] 77 00:08:56,010 --> 00:08:59,930 When you strike someone and see they're injured but still alive 78 00:09:00,970 --> 00:09:03,730 you usually just drop another one on them. 79 00:09:06,830 --> 00:09:10,390 I don't know if I was ever happy about killing someone. 80 00:09:13,430 --> 00:09:16,050 There aren't many people in my unit who hate Arabs. 81 00:09:16,410 --> 00:09:22,010 I mean, come on, it's an elitist unit. It's full of people from Tel Aviv... 82 00:09:22,010 --> 00:09:28,410 There aren't many people there who hate... 83 00:09:28,700 --> 00:09:35,600 Arabs. There's extreme dehumanization. But somehow, those people you're describing, whom we 84 00:09:35,600 --> 00:09:42,420 also interviewed, who you say don't hate Arabs, I think killed the most Arabs 85 00:09:46,960 --> 00:09:48,040 over the past two years. 86 00:09:48,240 --> 00:09:49,240 Yes. 87 00:10:00,170 --> 00:10:06,350 What can I say? It's about accomplishing the mission. That's the mission. 88 00:10:45,740 --> 00:10:49,260 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 89 00:10:51,900 --> 00:10:53,920 A very bureaucratic program. 90 00:10:55,020 --> 00:10:56,720 You work at a computer screen? 91 00:10:57,040 --> 00:10:58,040 Yes. 92 00:11:00,260 --> 00:11:04,780 You go through training so you can work on airstrikes. 93 00:11:05,340 --> 00:11:12,200 Okay. A system that... contains all the targets for... 94 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:13,200 the air force. 95 00:11:14,090 --> 00:11:16,370 Is there a building in Gaza you planned to bring down? 96 00:11:25,550 --> 00:11:30,730 I definitely helped plan strikes on buildings that collapsed. 97 00:11:31,610 --> 00:11:32,610 Do you remember how many? 98 00:11:34,970 --> 00:11:35,970 No. 99 00:11:58,060 --> 00:11:59,980 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 100 00:12:00,240 --> 00:12:01,240 Yeah? 101 00:12:02,320 --> 00:12:07,820 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 102 00:12:09,400 --> 00:12:14,520 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 103 00:12:16,820 --> 00:12:20,380 You can see the city, but the city can't see you, in a way. 104 00:12:34,670 --> 00:12:35,690 He's sitting in front of a screen. 105 00:12:40,330 --> 00:12:46,370 He sees it like this. There are other buildings nearby, and this is the one to strike. 106 00:12:47,410 --> 00:12:50,370 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 107 00:12:51,930 --> 00:12:56,790 This building is 20 meters... actually, 15 meters. 108 00:12:57,450 --> 00:12:59,810 One of the things they do is work out how many floors there are. 109 00:13:00,620 --> 00:13:03,020 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually by the windows. 110 00:13:03,900 --> 00:13:08,640 You can also check against its height. A standard floor in Gaza is about three meters. 111 00:13:10,040 --> 00:13:11,040 Like this. 112 00:13:13,540 --> 00:13:18,380 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? 113 00:13:18,660 --> 00:13:19,660 He's been identified as a target. 114 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:26,780 But if intelligence estimates there are four civilians on that floor, the strike's NAZA 115 00:13:26,780 --> 00:13:27,780 is four. 116 00:13:28,420 --> 00:13:30,020 NAZA four. 117 00:13:35,020 --> 00:13:36,020 What's NAZA? 118 00:13:36,060 --> 00:13:41,440 Collateral damage. The number of people who are going to die in the strike. 119 00:13:41,960 --> 00:13:43,220 As a result of the strike. 120 00:13:44,060 --> 00:13:45,220 They say, "NAZA 15." 121 00:13:45,860 --> 00:13:52,040 They don't say, "Fifteen people will be killed," let alone 122 00:13:52,040 --> 00:13:56,040 "Fifteen children and women will be killed." They say, "NAZA 15." 123 00:13:59,480 --> 00:14:03,500 Do you know what the NAZA numbers were? 124 00:14:06,490 --> 00:14:08,250 I don't remember them. 125 00:14:08,830 --> 00:14:10,890 Do you know anyone who would? 126 00:14:11,670 --> 00:14:14,130 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 127 00:14:19,010 --> 00:14:26,010 Yes, but I don't think he wants to talk about 128 00:14:26,010 --> 00:14:26,949 it. 129 00:14:26,950 --> 00:14:28,710 I'm also trying to understand... 130 00:14:43,050 --> 00:14:48,230 Does NAZA distinguish between, say, children and babies, and men? -No. 131 00:14:48,490 --> 00:14:49,490 Yes. 132 00:14:50,270 --> 00:14:51,410 Does a baby count as one NAZA? 133 00:14:51,710 --> 00:14:52,710 Yes. 134 00:14:53,550 --> 00:14:54,550 Yes. 135 00:14:55,050 --> 00:14:57,510 [unclear] 136 00:14:58,750 --> 00:15:01,310 What's the highest number you remember for a single strike? 137 00:15:03,050 --> 00:15:09,930 I can't say how many were killed, because they never check. But 500 were approved 138 00:15:09,930 --> 00:15:10,930 you know. 139 00:15:14,670 --> 00:15:15,770 For one person. 140 00:15:18,690 --> 00:15:22,650 Five hundred is, like... that's a small town in Israel. 141 00:15:23,290 --> 00:15:24,290 Yes. 142 00:15:27,810 --> 00:15:29,710 "A computer game," we always said. 143 00:15:30,110 --> 00:15:35,190 Really? You called it that? -Yes, like a computer game. -How so? -Because it's all 144 00:15:35,190 --> 00:15:36,190 done remotely. 145 00:15:49,930 --> 00:15:53,210 NAZA, in the strikes I remember, was 200. 146 00:15:55,790 --> 00:15:59,070 A senior figure. We don't really know where he's staying. 147 00:15:59,290 --> 00:16:06,030 Any place we suspect he might pass through in his daily routine, we'll bomb. 148 00:16:06,150 --> 00:16:09,510 Across a wide area. 149 00:16:11,570 --> 00:16:17,530 Say, from here to that building over there. We strike all of it. A whole neighborhood. 150 00:16:39,560 --> 00:16:45,540 At one point, anyone listed in Lavender could be bombed with 20 collateral deaths. 151 00:16:46,060 --> 00:16:47,100 NAZA 20. 152 00:16:47,320 --> 00:16:48,320 NAZA 20. 153 00:16:48,680 --> 00:16:55,340 Suddenly, NAZA 20 became a benchmark. They were killing very low-level Hamas operatives 154 00:16:55,340 --> 00:16:57,860 with a very free hand on the trigger, under orders. 155 00:16:58,660 --> 00:17:04,800 But when you authorize killing 20 people for every low-level operative, and there are more operatives... 156 00:17:05,500 --> 00:17:07,440 that adds up to all of Gaza. -Yes. 157 00:17:12,819 --> 00:17:18,140 Right. I still don't really know what to do with that realization. 158 00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:27,619 In practice, that's why at some point I really couldn't stay. I couldn't 159 00:17:27,619 --> 00:17:31,760 stay there, and I can't be part of this. 160 00:17:34,140 --> 00:17:35,140 Well, you were. 161 00:17:35,340 --> 00:17:37,460 What? -I mean, you already took part. -Yes. 162 00:17:56,460 --> 00:17:59,940 Citizens of Israel, we have pounded the enemy with massive airstrikes. 163 00:18:00,720 --> 00:18:04,840 It will be a victory of good over evil, of light over darkness. 164 00:18:08,720 --> 00:18:12,920 We watched a film about it during training. It's called Eye in the Sky. 165 00:18:14,180 --> 00:18:17,480 There's the strike, which was the role I had. 166 00:18:18,660 --> 00:18:20,080 Yes. [unclear] 167 00:18:22,700 --> 00:18:27,240 They really try to convince them that it's moral. That's something I told myself too. 168 00:18:27,240 --> 00:18:47,020 [unclear] 169 00:18:47,020 --> 00:18:50,940 When you strike someone and see they're injured but still alive 170 00:18:51,980 --> 00:18:54,680 you usually just drop another one on them. 171 00:18:57,820 --> 00:19:01,380 I don't know if I was ever happy about killing someone. 172 00:19:04,440 --> 00:19:11,280 In my unit, there aren't many people who hate Arabs. I mean, come on, it's an elitist unit, mostly full of 173 00:19:11,280 --> 00:19:17,940 people from Tel Aviv, you know... There aren't many people there 174 00:19:17,940 --> 00:19:18,940 who are, like... 175 00:19:19,710 --> 00:19:26,590 Arabs. There's extreme dehumanization. But somehow, those people you're describing, whom we 176 00:19:26,590 --> 00:19:29,910 also interviewed—you say they don't hate Arabs— 177 00:19:30,630 --> 00:19:33,430 I think they killed the most Arabs. 178 00:19:37,970 --> 00:19:39,030 over the past two years. 179 00:19:39,230 --> 00:19:40,230 Yes. 180 00:19:51,150 --> 00:19:57,370 What I can say is, it was about completing the mission. That was the mission. 181 00:20:36,720 --> 00:20:40,300 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 182 00:20:40,300 --> 00:20:47,080 A very bureaucratic program. You work 183 00:20:47,080 --> 00:20:48,039 at a computer screen? 184 00:20:48,040 --> 00:20:54,800 Yes. You go through training so you can 185 00:20:54,800 --> 00:21:01,600 work on airstrikes. Okay. A system that... contains all... 186 00:21:01,600 --> 00:21:03,880 the air force's targets. 187 00:21:05,100 --> 00:21:07,400 Is there a building in Gaza you planned to bring down? 188 00:21:16,480 --> 00:21:21,720 I definitely helped plan strikes on buildings that collapsed. 189 00:21:22,540 --> 00:21:23,600 Do you remember how many? 190 00:21:25,460 --> 00:21:26,460 No. 191 00:21:48,649 --> 00:21:50,890 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 192 00:21:51,290 --> 00:21:52,290 Yeah? 193 00:21:53,350 --> 00:21:58,850 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 194 00:22:00,470 --> 00:22:05,530 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 195 00:22:07,850 --> 00:22:11,350 You can see the city, but the city can't see you, in a way. 196 00:22:25,640 --> 00:22:26,680 He sits in front of a screen. 197 00:22:31,340 --> 00:22:37,360 He sees this. There are other buildings around it, say, and this is the building he needs to strike. 198 00:22:38,440 --> 00:22:41,360 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 199 00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:47,780 Let's say it's 20 meters. Actually, 15 meters. 200 00:22:48,480 --> 00:22:50,820 One of the things they do is work out how many floors there are. 201 00:22:51,630 --> 00:22:54,030 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually by the windows. 202 00:22:54,970 --> 00:22:56,530 You can also check against the height. 203 00:22:56,750 --> 00:22:59,670 The standard height of a floor in Gaza is around three meters. 204 00:23:01,110 --> 00:23:02,110 Like this. 205 00:23:04,610 --> 00:23:09,370 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? 206 00:23:09,750 --> 00:23:10,750 He's been identified as a target. 207 00:23:11,190 --> 00:23:17,770 But on that floor, if the intelligence assessment is that there are four civilians, then this strike's NAZA 208 00:23:17,770 --> 00:23:18,770 is four. 209 00:23:19,550 --> 00:23:21,030 NAZA four. 210 00:23:26,000 --> 00:23:27,000 What's NAZA? 211 00:23:27,020 --> 00:23:32,440 Collateral damage. The number of people who will die in the strike. 212 00:23:32,920 --> 00:23:34,240 As a result of the strike. 213 00:23:35,020 --> 00:23:36,220 They say, "NAZA 15." 214 00:23:36,800 --> 00:23:43,040 They don't say, "Fifteen people will be killed," let alone 215 00:23:43,040 --> 00:23:47,040 "Fifteen children and women will be killed." They say, "NAZA 15." 216 00:23:50,420 --> 00:23:54,500 Do you know what the NAZA numbers were? 217 00:23:57,500 --> 00:23:59,220 I don't remember them. 218 00:23:59,800 --> 00:24:01,900 Do you know anyone who would? 219 00:24:02,640 --> 00:24:05,140 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 220 00:24:10,040 --> 00:24:11,040 Yes, 221 00:24:13,040 --> 00:24:17,140 but I don't think he's interested in talking about it. 222 00:24:17,920 --> 00:24:19,700 I'm also trying to understand... 223 00:24:34,060 --> 00:24:38,500 Does NAZA distinguish between, say, children and babies, and men? 224 00:24:39,420 --> 00:24:40,420 Yes. 225 00:24:41,260 --> 00:24:42,420 Does a baby count as one NAZA? 226 00:24:42,720 --> 00:24:43,720 Yes. 227 00:24:44,540 --> 00:24:45,540 Yes. 228 00:24:46,020 --> 00:24:48,540 [unclear] 229 00:24:49,740 --> 00:24:52,320 What's the highest number you remember for a single strike? 230 00:24:54,020 --> 00:25:00,940 I can't say how many were killed, because nobody ever checks that, but 500 was approved, 231 00:25:01,200 --> 00:25:02,200 you know. 232 00:25:05,680 --> 00:25:06,740 For one person. 233 00:25:09,560 --> 00:25:13,660 So 500 is, like... that's a small town in Israel? 234 00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:15,280 Yes. 235 00:25:18,800 --> 00:25:20,700 We always called it a computer game. 236 00:25:21,100 --> 00:25:26,220 Really? You called it that? -Yes, like a computer game. -How so? -Because it's all 237 00:25:26,220 --> 00:25:27,220 done remotely. 238 00:25:40,940 --> 00:25:44,200 NAZA—the strikes I remember, 200. 239 00:25:46,800 --> 00:25:53,740 A senior figure. We don't really know where he's staying. Any place we suspect he might 240 00:25:53,740 --> 00:26:00,560 in his daily routine, we'll bomb. And that's over a wide area. 241 00:26:02,560 --> 00:26:07,340 Let's say from here to that building over there, we strike all of it. 242 00:26:07,580 --> 00:26:08,580 A whole neighborhood. 243 00:26:30,570 --> 00:26:36,590 There was a stage when anyone listed in Lavender could be bombed with a collateral-damage allowance of 20. 244 00:26:37,090 --> 00:26:38,090 NAZA 20. 245 00:26:38,350 --> 00:26:39,350 NAZA 20. 246 00:26:39,730 --> 00:26:46,730 Suddenly, NAZA 20 became a kind of benchmark. Killing very low-ranking Hamas members with a 247 00:26:46,730 --> 00:26:48,850 very, very free hand on the trigger, under orders. 248 00:26:49,670 --> 00:26:55,830 But when you authorize killing 20 people for every low-level operative, and there are more operatives... 249 00:26:56,930 --> 00:26:58,410 yes, then you get all of Gaza. Yes. 250 00:26:58,750 --> 00:26:59,750 Yes. 251 00:27:03,750 --> 00:27:09,150 Right. I just don't really know yet what to do with that realization. 252 00:27:10,030 --> 00:27:11,070 I mean, yes, that's right. 253 00:27:11,970 --> 00:27:18,350 In practice, that's also why, at some point, I just... I really couldn't do it anymore. I couldn't 254 00:27:18,350 --> 00:27:22,750 stay there, and... I can't be part of it. 255 00:27:25,090 --> 00:27:26,090 Well, you were. 256 00:27:26,290 --> 00:27:28,450 What? -I mean, you already took part. -Yes. 257 00:27:46,890 --> 00:27:50,930 Citizens of Israel, we have pounded the enemy with massive airstrikes. 258 00:27:51,630 --> 00:27:55,850 It will be a victory of good over evil, of light over darkness. 259 00:27:59,830 --> 00:28:03,750 We watched a film about it during training. It's called Eye in the Sky. 260 00:28:05,070 --> 00:28:08,490 There's the strike, which was the role I had. 261 00:28:09,550 --> 00:28:11,070 Yes. [unclear] 262 00:28:13,770 --> 00:28:18,250 They really try to convince them that it's moral. That's something I told myself too. 263 00:28:18,250 --> 00:28:38,010 [unclear] 264 00:28:38,010 --> 00:28:41,930 When you strike someone and see they're injured but still alive 265 00:28:42,960 --> 00:28:49,920 usually, you just hit him again. I don't know 266 00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:56,820 if I've ever been glad I killed someone. In my unit, there aren't 267 00:28:56,820 --> 00:29:03,620 many people who hate Arabs. I mean, come on, it's an elitist unit, mostly full of people from Tel Aviv. 268 00:29:03,620 --> 00:29:10,440 There aren't many people there who are, like, Arab... 269 00:29:10,700 --> 00:29:17,600 Arabs. There's extreme dehumanization. But somehow, those people you're describing, whom we 270 00:29:17,600 --> 00:29:20,920 also interviewed—you say they don't hate Arabs— 271 00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:24,420 I think they killed the most Arabs. 272 00:29:28,920 --> 00:29:30,040 over the past two years. 273 00:29:30,240 --> 00:29:31,240 Yes. 274 00:29:42,120 --> 00:29:45,340 All I can say is, it was about completing the mission. 275 00:29:45,980 --> 00:29:48,340 I mean, that was the mission. 276 00:30:27,720 --> 00:30:31,320 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 277 00:30:33,980 --> 00:30:35,900 A very bureaucratic program. 278 00:30:37,100 --> 00:30:38,740 You work at a computer screen? 279 00:30:39,140 --> 00:30:40,140 Yes. 280 00:30:42,340 --> 00:30:46,780 You go through training so you can work on airstrikes. 281 00:30:47,440 --> 00:30:54,220 Okay. A system that... contains all the targets for... 282 00:30:54,220 --> 00:30:55,220 the air force. 283 00:30:56,080 --> 00:30:58,380 Is there a building in Gaza you planned to bring down? 284 00:31:07,480 --> 00:31:12,740 I definitely helped plan strikes on buildings that collapsed. 285 00:31:13,540 --> 00:31:14,600 Do you remember how many? 286 00:31:16,460 --> 00:31:17,460 No. 287 00:31:40,080 --> 00:31:41,980 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 288 00:31:42,240 --> 00:31:43,240 Yeah? 289 00:31:44,320 --> 00:31:49,840 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 290 00:31:51,420 --> 00:31:56,540 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 291 00:31:58,840 --> 00:32:02,380 You can see the city, but the city can't see you, in a way. 292 00:32:16,650 --> 00:32:17,690 He's sitting in front of a screen. 293 00:32:22,350 --> 00:32:28,370 You see this. There are other buildings around it, say, and this is the building I need to strike. 294 00:32:29,410 --> 00:32:32,370 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 295 00:32:33,910 --> 00:32:38,770 This building is 20 meters... actually, 15 meters. 296 00:32:39,470 --> 00:32:41,810 One thing they do is determine how many floors there are. 297 00:32:42,600 --> 00:32:45,000 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually by the windows. 298 00:32:45,860 --> 00:32:50,480 You can also check against its height. A standard floor in Gaza is about three 299 00:32:50,480 --> 00:32:51,480 meters high. 300 00:32:52,000 --> 00:32:53,000 Like this. 301 00:32:55,500 --> 00:33:00,380 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? 302 00:33:00,640 --> 00:33:01,640 He's been identified as a target. 303 00:33:02,080 --> 00:33:08,780 But if intelligence estimates there are four civilians on that floor, the strike's NAZA 304 00:33:08,780 --> 00:33:09,780 is four. 305 00:33:10,420 --> 00:33:12,020 NAZA four. 306 00:33:17,000 --> 00:33:18,000 What's NAZA? 307 00:33:18,060 --> 00:33:23,440 Collateral damage. The number of people who are going to die in the strike. 308 00:33:23,940 --> 00:33:25,220 As a result of the strike. 309 00:33:26,040 --> 00:33:27,240 They say, "NAZA 15." 310 00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:34,040 They don't say, "Fifteen people will be killed," and certainly not, 311 00:33:34,040 --> 00:33:38,040 "Fifteen children and women will be killed." They say, "NAZA 15." 312 00:33:41,460 --> 00:33:45,500 Do you know what the NAZA numbers were? 313 00:33:48,810 --> 00:33:50,210 I don't remember them. 314 00:33:50,770 --> 00:33:52,870 Do you know anyone who would? 315 00:33:53,610 --> 00:33:56,110 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 316 00:33:57,630 --> 00:33:58,310 Yes, 317 00:33:58,310 --> 00:34:05,170 but I don't 318 00:34:05,170 --> 00:34:08,130 think he's interested in talking about it. 319 00:34:08,909 --> 00:34:10,690 I'm also trying to understand... 320 00:34:25,070 --> 00:34:30,190 Does NAZA distinguish between, say, children and babies, and men? -No. 321 00:34:30,489 --> 00:34:31,489 Yes. 322 00:34:32,270 --> 00:34:33,409 Does a baby count as one NAZA? 323 00:34:33,730 --> 00:34:34,730 Yes. 324 00:34:35,550 --> 00:34:36,550 Yes. 325 00:34:37,050 --> 00:34:39,530 [unclear] 326 00:34:40,750 --> 00:34:43,330 What's the highest number you remember for a single strike? 327 00:34:45,050 --> 00:34:51,929 I can't say how many were killed, because nobody ever checks that, but 500 was approved, 328 00:34:52,190 --> 00:34:53,190 you know. 329 00:34:56,679 --> 00:34:57,740 For one person. 330 00:35:00,540 --> 00:35:04,640 What is 500? I mean... that's... a small community in Israel. 331 00:35:05,320 --> 00:35:06,320 Yes. 332 00:35:09,840 --> 00:35:11,700 "A computer game," we always said. 333 00:35:12,140 --> 00:35:15,960 Really? You actually said that? Yes, it's like a computer game. How was it like a game? The 334 00:35:15,960 --> 00:35:17,740 The targets? Because it's all done remotely. 335 00:35:31,950 --> 00:35:35,210 NAZA, in the strikes I remember, was 200. 336 00:35:37,770 --> 00:35:41,070 A senior official—we don't really know where he's staying. 337 00:35:41,290 --> 00:35:48,010 Anywhere we suspect he might pass through in his daily routine, we'll bomb. 338 00:35:48,150 --> 00:35:51,510 Across a wide area. 339 00:35:53,510 --> 00:35:59,530 Say, from here to that building over there. We strike all of it. A whole neighborhood. 340 00:36:21,580 --> 00:36:27,520 At one point, anyone listed in Lavender could be bombed with 20 collateral deaths. 341 00:36:28,140 --> 00:36:29,140 NAZA 20. 342 00:36:29,320 --> 00:36:30,320 NAZA 20. 343 00:36:30,760 --> 00:36:37,720 NAZA 20 suddenly became a benchmark. They were taking out very low-ranking Hamas members, 344 00:36:37,720 --> 00:36:39,860 with a very, very free hand on the trigger, under orders. 345 00:36:40,740 --> 00:36:47,260 But when you authorize killing 20 people for every low-level operative, and there are more operatives... -Yes. 346 00:36:47,600 --> 00:36:49,420 that adds up to all of Gaza. -Yes. 347 00:36:51,100 --> 00:36:52,100 Right. 348 00:36:55,260 --> 00:37:00,160 I just still don't really know what to do with that realization. 349 00:37:01,100 --> 00:37:02,100 I mean, yes, that's right. 350 00:37:03,020 --> 00:37:09,340 In practice, that's why at some point I really couldn't stay. I couldn't 351 00:37:09,340 --> 00:37:13,760 stay there, and I can't take part in this. 352 00:37:16,160 --> 00:37:17,160 Well, you were. 353 00:37:17,360 --> 00:37:19,460 What? -I mean, you already took part. -Yes. 354 00:37:50,820 --> 00:37:54,760 We watched a film about it during training. It's called Eye in the Sky. 355 00:37:56,100 --> 00:37:59,500 There's the strike, which was the role I had. 356 00:38:04,680 --> 00:38:09,200 They really try to convince them that it's moral. That's something I told myself too. 357 00:38:28,360 --> 00:38:32,920 [unclear] When you strike someone and see they're wounded but still alive, 358 00:38:33,960 --> 00:38:40,920 usually you just hit him again. I don't know 359 00:38:40,920 --> 00:38:47,800 if I've ever been glad I killed someone. In my unit, there aren't 360 00:38:47,800 --> 00:38:54,600 many people who hate Arabs. I mean, come on, it's an elitist unit, mostly full of people from Tel Aviv. 361 00:38:54,600 --> 00:39:01,440 There aren't many people there who are, like, Arab... 362 00:39:01,710 --> 00:39:08,610 Arabs. There's extreme dehumanization. But somehow, those people you're describing, whom we 363 00:39:08,610 --> 00:39:15,430 have also interviewed, who you say don't hate Arabs, have, I think, killed the most Arabs. 364 00:39:19,990 --> 00:39:21,030 over the past two years. 365 00:39:21,250 --> 00:39:22,250 Yes. 366 00:39:33,160 --> 00:39:39,360 What can I say? It's about accomplishing the mission. That's the mission. 367 00:40:18,730 --> 00:40:22,350 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 368 00:40:24,910 --> 00:40:26,950 A very bureaucratic program. 369 00:40:28,030 --> 00:40:29,750 You work at a computer screen? 370 00:40:30,070 --> 00:40:31,070 Yes. 371 00:40:33,270 --> 00:40:37,770 You go through training so you can work on airstrikes. 372 00:40:38,350 --> 00:40:45,210 Okay. A system that... contains all the targets for... 373 00:40:45,210 --> 00:40:46,210 the air force. 374 00:40:47,080 --> 00:40:49,380 Did you plan the destruction of a building in Gaza? 375 00:40:58,600 --> 00:41:03,720 I definitely helped plan strikes on buildings that collapsed. 376 00:41:04,620 --> 00:41:05,620 Do you remember how many? 377 00:41:08,120 --> 00:41:09,120 No. 378 00:41:31,190 --> 00:41:32,990 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 379 00:41:33,350 --> 00:41:34,350 Yeah? 380 00:41:35,410 --> 00:41:40,810 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 381 00:41:42,530 --> 00:41:47,530 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 382 00:41:49,950 --> 00:41:53,370 You can see the city, but the city can't see you, in a way. 383 00:42:07,760 --> 00:42:08,760 He sits in front of a screen. 384 00:42:13,700 --> 00:42:19,360 He sees this, with other buildings beside it, and this is the building to strike. 385 00:42:20,500 --> 00:42:23,380 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 386 00:42:25,000 --> 00:42:29,780 This building is 20 meters... actually, 15 meters. 387 00:42:30,560 --> 00:42:32,820 One of the things they do is work out how many floors there are. 388 00:42:33,560 --> 00:42:35,880 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually from the windows. 389 00:42:36,840 --> 00:42:41,500 You can also check against its height. A standard floor in Gaza is about three 390 00:42:41,500 --> 00:42:42,500 meters high. 391 00:42:42,980 --> 00:42:43,980 Like this. 392 00:42:46,680 --> 00:42:51,380 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? 393 00:42:51,640 --> 00:42:52,640 He's been identified as a target. 394 00:42:53,040 --> 00:42:59,780 But if the intelligence assessment says there are four civilians on that floor, the NAZA 395 00:42:59,780 --> 00:43:00,780 is four. 396 00:43:01,420 --> 00:43:03,020 NAZA four. 397 00:43:07,980 --> 00:43:08,980 What's NAZA? 398 00:43:09,040 --> 00:43:14,460 Collateral damage. The number of people who are going to die in the strike. 399 00:43:14,940 --> 00:43:16,220 As a result of the strike. 400 00:43:17,040 --> 00:43:18,220 They say, "NAZA 15." 401 00:43:18,840 --> 00:43:25,040 They don't say, "Fifteen people will be killed," and certainly not, 402 00:43:25,040 --> 00:43:29,040 "Fifteen children and women will be killed." They say, "NAZA 15." 403 00:43:32,460 --> 00:43:36,500 Do you know what the NAZA numbers were? 404 00:43:39,490 --> 00:43:41,210 I don't remember them. 405 00:43:41,790 --> 00:43:43,890 Do you know anyone who would? 406 00:43:44,630 --> 00:43:47,130 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 407 00:43:52,050 --> 00:43:53,050 Yes, 408 00:43:55,030 --> 00:43:59,130 but I don't think he's interested in talking about it. 409 00:43:59,930 --> 00:44:01,690 I'm also trying to understand... 410 00:44:16,110 --> 00:44:20,490 Does NAZA distinguish between, say, children and babies, and men? 411 00:44:21,430 --> 00:44:22,430 Yes. 412 00:44:23,270 --> 00:44:24,410 Does a baby count as one NAZA? 413 00:44:24,730 --> 00:44:25,730 Yes. 414 00:44:26,550 --> 00:44:27,550 Yes. 415 00:44:28,030 --> 00:44:30,510 [unclear] 416 00:44:31,750 --> 00:44:34,330 What's the highest number you remember for a single strike? 417 00:44:36,050 --> 00:44:42,930 I can't say how many were killed, because they never check. But 500 were approved 418 00:44:42,930 --> 00:44:43,930 you know. 419 00:44:47,660 --> 00:44:48,760 For one person. 420 00:44:51,540 --> 00:44:55,660 So 500 is, like... that's a small town in Israel? 421 00:44:56,280 --> 00:44:57,280 Yes. 422 00:45:00,800 --> 00:45:02,700 We always called it a computer game. 423 00:45:03,100 --> 00:45:08,180 Really? That's what you called it? Yes, like a computer game. How was it like a game? Everything 424 00:45:08,180 --> 00:45:09,180 was done remotely. 425 00:45:22,960 --> 00:45:26,200 NAZA, in the strikes I remember, was 200. 426 00:45:28,860 --> 00:45:35,760 A senior figure. We don't really know where he's staying. Any place we suspect he might 427 00:45:35,760 --> 00:45:42,560 pass through in his daily routine, we'll bomb. Across a wide area. 428 00:45:44,620 --> 00:45:49,340 Let's say from here to that building over there, we strike all of it. 429 00:45:49,580 --> 00:45:50,580 A whole neighborhood. 430 00:46:12,560 --> 00:46:18,540 At one point, anyone listed in Lavender could be bombed with 20 people as collateral damage. 431 00:46:19,100 --> 00:46:20,100 NAZA 20. 432 00:46:20,320 --> 00:46:21,320 NAZA 20. 433 00:46:21,720 --> 00:46:28,340 NAZA 20 suddenly became a benchmark. They were taking out very low-ranking Hamas members, 434 00:46:28,340 --> 00:46:30,860 with a very, very free hand on the trigger, under orders. 435 00:46:31,680 --> 00:46:37,800 But when you authorize killing 20 people for every low-level operative, and there are more operatives... 436 00:46:38,540 --> 00:46:40,440 that adds up to all of Gaza. -Yes. 437 00:46:45,690 --> 00:46:51,150 Right. I just still don't really know what to do with that realization. 438 00:46:53,930 --> 00:47:00,610 In practice, that's why at some point I really couldn't stay. I couldn't 439 00:47:00,610 --> 00:47:04,730 stay there, and I can't be part of this. 440 00:47:07,090 --> 00:47:10,450 Well, you were. -What? -I mean, you already took part. -Yes. 441 00:47:28,880 --> 00:47:32,940 Citizens of Israel, we have pounded the enemy with massive airstrikes. 442 00:47:33,620 --> 00:47:37,860 It will be a victory of good over evil, of light over darkness. 443 00:47:41,620 --> 00:47:45,740 We watched a film about it during training. It's called Eye in the Sky. 444 00:47:47,080 --> 00:47:50,500 There's the strike, which was the role I had. 445 00:47:51,560 --> 00:47:53,080 Yes. [unclear] 446 00:47:55,690 --> 00:48:00,230 They really try to convince them that it's moral. That's something I told myself too. 447 00:48:00,230 --> 00:48:20,010 [unclear] 448 00:48:20,010 --> 00:48:23,930 When you strike someone and see they're injured but still alive 449 00:48:24,970 --> 00:48:31,910 usually you just hit him again. I don't know 450 00:48:31,910 --> 00:48:38,810 if I've ever been glad I killed someone. In my unit, there aren't 451 00:48:38,810 --> 00:48:45,610 many people who hate Arabs. I mean, come on, it's an elitist unit, mostly full of people from Tel Aviv. 452 00:48:45,610 --> 00:48:52,330 There aren't many people there who are... 453 00:48:52,700 --> 00:48:59,600 Arabs. There's extreme dehumanization. But somehow, those people you're describing, whom we 454 00:48:59,600 --> 00:49:06,420 have also interviewed, who you say don't hate Arabs, have, I think, killed the most Arabs. 455 00:49:10,940 --> 00:49:12,620 In the past two years. Yes. 456 00:49:24,140 --> 00:49:27,340 All I can say is: you carry out the mission. 457 00:49:28,020 --> 00:49:30,340 I mean, that was the mission. 458 00:50:09,710 --> 00:50:13,350 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 459 00:50:15,910 --> 00:50:17,950 A very bureaucratic program. 460 00:50:19,030 --> 00:50:20,710 You work at a computer screen? 461 00:50:21,070 --> 00:50:22,070 Yes. 462 00:50:24,310 --> 00:50:28,790 You go through training so you can work on airstrikes. 463 00:50:29,350 --> 00:50:36,210 Okay. A system that... contains all the targets for strikes by 464 00:50:36,210 --> 00:50:37,210 the air force. 465 00:50:38,090 --> 00:50:40,370 Is there a building in Gaza you planned to bring down? 466 00:50:49,390 --> 00:50:54,710 I definitely took part in planning strikes on buildings that collapsed. 467 00:50:55,430 --> 00:50:56,590 Do you remember how many? 468 00:50:58,570 --> 00:50:59,570 No. 469 00:51:22,140 --> 00:51:23,980 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 470 00:51:24,300 --> 00:51:25,300 Yeah? 471 00:51:26,360 --> 00:51:31,820 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 472 00:51:33,480 --> 00:51:38,520 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 473 00:51:40,900 --> 00:51:44,320 You can see the city, but the city can't see you, in a way. 474 00:51:58,730 --> 00:51:59,730 He sits in front of a screen. 475 00:52:04,630 --> 00:52:10,370 He sees this, with other buildings beside it, and this is the building to strike. 476 00:52:11,490 --> 00:52:14,370 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 477 00:52:15,910 --> 00:52:20,770 This building is 20 meters... actually, 15 meters. 478 00:52:21,470 --> 00:52:23,810 One of the things they do is establish how many floors it has. 479 00:52:24,620 --> 00:52:27,020 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually by the windows. 480 00:52:27,960 --> 00:52:29,540 You can also check against the height. 481 00:52:29,780 --> 00:52:32,660 The standard height of a floor in Gaza is about three meters. 482 00:52:34,100 --> 00:52:35,100 Like this. 483 00:52:37,580 --> 00:52:42,400 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? 484 00:52:42,700 --> 00:52:43,700 He's been identified as a target. 485 00:52:44,160 --> 00:52:50,780 But if the intelligence assessment says there are four civilians on that floor, the NAZA 486 00:52:50,780 --> 00:52:51,780 is four. 487 00:52:52,560 --> 00:52:54,020 NAZA four. 488 00:52:58,990 --> 00:52:59,990 What's NAZA? 489 00:53:00,070 --> 00:53:05,450 Collateral damage. The number of people who will die in the strike. 490 00:53:05,950 --> 00:53:07,210 As a result of the strike. 491 00:53:07,910 --> 00:53:09,210 They say, "NAZA 15." 492 00:53:09,850 --> 00:53:16,050 They don't say 15 people will be killed, and certainly not that 493 00:53:16,050 --> 00:53:20,030 15 children and women will be killed. They say, "NAZA 15." 494 00:53:23,490 --> 00:53:28,210 Do you know what the NAZA numbers were? I mean... 495 00:53:30,470 --> 00:53:32,230 I don't remember them. 496 00:53:32,770 --> 00:53:34,870 Do you know anyone who would? 497 00:53:35,630 --> 00:53:38,110 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 498 00:53:42,950 --> 00:53:49,910 Yes, but I don't think he wants to talk 499 00:53:49,910 --> 00:53:50,908 about it. 500 00:53:50,910 --> 00:53:52,690 I'm also trying to understand... 501 00:54:07,050 --> 00:54:11,130 Does NAZA distinguish between, say, children and babies? No. 502 00:54:12,470 --> 00:54:13,470 Yes. 503 00:54:14,270 --> 00:54:15,410 Does a baby count as one NAZA? 504 00:54:15,790 --> 00:54:16,790 Yes. 505 00:54:17,570 --> 00:54:18,570 Yes. 506 00:54:19,030 --> 00:54:21,530 [unclear] 507 00:54:22,750 --> 00:54:25,330 What's the highest number you remember for a single strike? 508 00:54:27,050 --> 00:54:33,930 I can't say how many were killed, because nobody ever checks that, but 500 was approved, 509 00:54:34,190 --> 00:54:35,190 you know. 510 00:54:38,670 --> 00:54:39,730 For one person. 511 00:54:42,570 --> 00:54:46,650 So 500 is, like... that's a small town in Israel? 512 00:54:47,290 --> 00:54:48,290 Yes. 513 00:54:51,810 --> 00:54:53,690 "A computer game," we always said. 514 00:54:54,110 --> 00:54:58,430 Really? You actually called it that? Yes, it's like a computer game. What was like a computer game? 515 00:54:58,690 --> 00:54:59,750 It's all done remotely. 516 00:55:13,960 --> 00:55:17,560 NAZA, in the strikes I remember, was 200. 517 00:55:19,820 --> 00:55:23,060 A senior official—we don't really know where he's staying. 518 00:55:23,280 --> 00:55:30,020 Any place we suspect he might pass through in his daily routine, we'll bomb. 519 00:55:30,140 --> 00:55:33,500 Across a wide area. 520 00:55:35,560 --> 00:55:41,520 Say, from here to that building over there. We strike all of it. A whole neighborhood. 521 00:56:03,560 --> 00:56:09,500 There was a point when anyone listed in Lavender could be bombed with 20 people as collateral damage. 522 00:56:10,120 --> 00:56:11,120 NAZA 20. 523 00:56:11,320 --> 00:56:12,320 NAZA 20. 524 00:56:12,740 --> 00:56:19,740 NAZA 20 suddenly became a kind of benchmark. They took out very low-ranking Hamas members, 525 00:56:19,740 --> 00:56:21,880 with a very, very free hand on the trigger, under orders. 526 00:56:22,700 --> 00:56:28,820 But when you authorize killing 20 people for every low-level operative, and there are more operatives... 527 00:56:29,940 --> 00:56:31,420 yes, then you get all of Gaza. Yes. 528 00:56:36,779 --> 00:56:42,140 Right. I still don't really know what to do with that realization. 529 00:56:43,040 --> 00:56:44,060 I mean, yes, that's right. 530 00:56:44,980 --> 00:56:51,340 In practice, that's why at some point I really couldn't stay. I couldn't 531 00:56:51,340 --> 00:56:55,760 stay there, and... I can't be part of this. 532 00:56:58,100 --> 00:56:59,100 Well, you were. 533 00:56:59,320 --> 00:57:01,440 What? -I mean, you already took part. -Yes. 534 00:57:33,140 --> 00:57:39,520 We watched a film about it in training. It's called Eye in the Sky. There's the strike, 535 00:57:39,620 --> 00:57:41,560 which was the job I did. 536 00:57:46,760 --> 00:57:51,240 They really try to convince them that it's moral. That's something I told myself too. 537 00:57:51,240 --> 00:58:11,000 [unclear] 538 00:58:11,000 --> 00:58:14,920 When you strike someone and see they're injured but still alive 539 00:58:15,950 --> 00:58:18,730 you usually just drop another one on them. 540 00:58:21,830 --> 00:58:25,390 I don't know if I was ever happy about killing someone. 541 00:58:28,430 --> 00:58:35,270 There aren't many Arab-haters in my unit. I mean, come on, it's an elitist unit. Lots of 542 00:58:35,270 --> 00:58:41,950 people from Tel Aviv. There aren't many people there 543 00:58:41,950 --> 00:58:43,470 who are, like, Arab... 544 00:58:43,710 --> 00:58:50,590 Arabs. There's extreme dehumanization. But somehow, those people you're describing, whom we 545 00:58:50,590 --> 00:58:53,930 also interviewing, who you say don't hate Arabs, 546 00:58:55,430 --> 00:58:57,430 I think they killed the most Arabs. 547 00:59:01,910 --> 00:59:03,650 In the last two years. Yes. 548 00:59:15,120 --> 00:59:18,340 All I can say is: fulfilling the mission. 549 00:59:19,040 --> 00:59:21,340 I mean, that was the mission. 550 01:00:00,720 --> 01:00:04,260 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 551 01:00:06,920 --> 01:00:08,920 A very bureaucratic program. 552 01:00:10,020 --> 01:00:11,720 You work at a computer screen? 553 01:00:12,060 --> 01:00:13,060 Yes. 554 01:00:15,280 --> 01:00:19,760 You go through training so you can work on airstrikes. 555 01:00:20,380 --> 01:00:27,220 Okay. A system that... contains all the targets for strikes by 556 01:00:27,220 --> 01:00:28,220 the air force. 557 01:00:29,100 --> 01:00:31,380 Is there a building in Gaza you planned to bring down? 558 01:00:32,400 --> 01:00:33,160 Uh... 559 01:00:33,160 --> 01:00:41,280 Definitely. 560 01:00:41,280 --> 01:00:45,720 I took part in planning strikes on buildings that collapsed. 561 01:00:46,540 --> 01:00:47,600 Do you remember how many? 562 01:00:49,120 --> 01:00:54,120 Uh... no. 563 01:01:13,170 --> 01:01:14,830 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 564 01:01:15,310 --> 01:01:16,310 Yeah? 565 01:01:17,370 --> 01:01:22,810 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 566 01:01:24,490 --> 01:01:29,530 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 567 01:01:31,910 --> 01:01:34,910 You can see the city, but the city can't see you. 568 01:01:49,770 --> 01:01:50,770 He sits in front of a screen. 569 01:01:55,330 --> 01:02:01,350 This is what he sees. There are other buildings nearby, and this is the building to be attacked. 570 01:02:02,450 --> 01:02:05,350 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 571 01:02:06,930 --> 01:02:11,770 This building is 20 meters... actually, 15 meters. 572 01:02:12,470 --> 01:02:14,810 One of the things they do is establish how many floors it has. 573 01:02:15,610 --> 01:02:18,050 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually by the windows. 574 01:02:18,930 --> 01:02:23,630 You can also check against its height. A standard floor in Gaza is about three meters. 575 01:02:25,050 --> 01:02:26,050 Like this. 576 01:02:28,550 --> 01:02:33,370 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? 577 01:02:33,670 --> 01:02:34,670 He's been identified as a target. 578 01:02:35,130 --> 01:02:41,770 But if intelligence estimates there are four civilians on that floor, the strike's NAZA 579 01:02:41,770 --> 01:02:42,770 is four. 580 01:02:43,430 --> 01:02:45,030 NAZA four. 581 01:02:49,930 --> 01:02:50,930 What's NAZA? 582 01:02:50,950 --> 01:02:57,670 Collateral damage. The number of people who'll die in the strike, as a result 583 01:02:57,670 --> 01:03:03,090 of the strike. They say, 'NAZA 15.' They don't say, 'Fifteen people are going to be killed.' 584 01:03:03,090 --> 01:03:09,830 And certainly not, 'Fifteen children and women are going to be killed.' 585 01:03:09,830 --> 01:03:15,790 They say, 'NAZA 15.' Do you know what 586 01:03:15,790 --> 01:03:19,030 the NAZA figures were? I mean... 587 01:03:21,480 --> 01:03:23,220 I don't remember them. 588 01:03:23,780 --> 01:03:25,880 Do you know anyone who would? 589 01:03:26,620 --> 01:03:29,120 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 590 01:03:33,940 --> 01:03:40,900 Yes, but I don't think he wants to talk 591 01:03:40,900 --> 01:03:41,899 about it. 592 01:03:41,900 --> 01:03:43,740 I'm also trying to understand... 593 01:03:58,060 --> 01:04:03,240 Does NAZA distinguish between, say, children and babies, and men? -No. 594 01:04:03,480 --> 01:04:04,480 Yes. 595 01:04:05,240 --> 01:04:06,420 Does a baby count as one NAZA? 596 01:04:06,700 --> 01:04:07,700 Yes. 597 01:04:08,500 --> 01:04:09,500 Yes. 598 01:04:09,980 --> 01:04:12,520 [unclear] 599 01:04:13,680 --> 01:04:16,300 What's the highest number you remember for a single strike? 600 01:04:18,000 --> 01:04:24,900 I can't say how many were killed, because they never check. But there was approval for five 601 01:04:24,900 --> 01:04:25,900 hundred, I mean. 602 01:04:29,680 --> 01:04:30,760 For one person. 603 01:04:33,540 --> 01:04:37,660 So 500 is, like... that's a small town in Israel? 604 01:04:38,280 --> 01:04:39,280 Yes. 605 01:04:42,800 --> 01:04:44,700 "A computer game," we always said. 606 01:04:45,100 --> 01:04:48,960 Really? You actually said that? Yes, it's like a computer game. How was it like a game? The 607 01:04:48,960 --> 01:04:50,700 The targets? Because it's all done remotely. 608 01:05:04,940 --> 01:05:08,200 NAZA, in the strikes I remember, was 200. 609 01:05:10,820 --> 01:05:17,740 A senior figure. We don't really know where he's staying. Anywhere we suspect he might 610 01:05:17,740 --> 01:05:24,520 in his daily routine, we'll bomb. And that's over a wide area. 611 01:05:26,580 --> 01:05:32,520 Say, from here to that building over there. We strike all of it. A whole neighborhood. 612 01:05:54,570 --> 01:06:00,530 There was a point when anyone listed in Lavender could be bombed with 20 people as collateral damage. 613 01:06:01,090 --> 01:06:02,090 NAZA 20. 614 01:06:02,330 --> 01:06:03,330 NAZA 20. 615 01:06:03,710 --> 01:06:10,710 Suddenly, NAZA 20 became a kind of benchmark. Killing very low-ranking Hamas members with a 616 01:06:10,710 --> 01:06:12,850 with a very, very free hand on the trigger, under orders. 617 01:06:13,690 --> 01:06:19,790 But when you authorize killing 20 people for every low-level operative, and there are more operatives... 618 01:06:20,530 --> 01:06:22,430 that adds up to all of Gaza. -Yes. 619 01:06:27,690 --> 01:06:33,150 Right. I still don't really know what to do with that realization. 620 01:06:35,930 --> 01:06:42,610 In practice, that's why at some point I really couldn't stay. I couldn't 621 01:06:42,610 --> 01:06:46,750 stay there, and I can't be part of this. 622 01:06:49,090 --> 01:06:52,450 Well, you were. -What? -I mean, you already took part. -Yes. 623 01:07:23,890 --> 01:07:30,570 We watched a film about it in training. It's called Eye in the Sky. There's the strike, 624 01:07:30,610 --> 01:07:32,570 which was the job I did. 625 01:07:37,680 --> 01:07:42,200 They really try to convince them that it's moral. That's something I told myself too. 626 01:08:01,340 --> 01:08:04,920 [unclear] When you strike someone and see they've been hit and they're wounded, 627 01:08:05,240 --> 01:08:06,240 but still alive, 628 01:08:06,960 --> 01:08:09,660 then, usually, you just drop another one on them. 629 01:08:12,840 --> 01:08:16,380 I don't know if I was ever happy about killing someone. 630 01:08:19,460 --> 01:08:26,279 There aren't many Arab-haters in my unit. I mean, come on, it's an elitist unit. Lots of 631 01:08:26,279 --> 01:08:32,939 people from Tel Aviv. There aren't many people there 632 01:08:32,939 --> 01:08:34,439 who are, like, Arab... 633 01:08:34,700 --> 01:08:41,580 Arabs. There's extreme dehumanization. But somehow, those people you're describing, whom we 634 01:08:41,580 --> 01:08:44,859 also interviewing, who you say don't hate Arabs, 635 01:08:45,760 --> 01:08:48,420 I think they killed the most Arabs. 636 01:08:52,960 --> 01:08:54,020 over the past two years. 637 01:08:54,260 --> 01:08:55,260 Yes. 638 01:09:06,160 --> 01:09:12,340 What can I say? It's about accomplishing the mission. That's the mission. 639 01:09:51,720 --> 01:09:55,340 Good morning. Today we're learning about Arabic verbs. 640 01:09:57,880 --> 01:09:59,940 A very bureaucratic program. 641 01:10:01,000 --> 01:10:02,700 You work at a computer screen? 642 01:10:03,040 --> 01:10:04,040 Yes. 643 01:10:06,280 --> 01:10:10,780 You go through training so you can work on airstrikes. 644 01:10:11,320 --> 01:10:18,200 Okay. A system that contains all the targets for airstrikes by the 645 01:10:18,200 --> 01:10:19,200 the air force. 646 01:10:20,080 --> 01:10:22,380 Did you plan the destruction of a building in Gaza? 647 01:10:31,560 --> 01:10:36,720 I definitely helped plan strikes on buildings that collapsed. 648 01:10:37,600 --> 01:10:38,600 Do you remember how many? 649 01:10:41,160 --> 01:10:42,160 No. 650 01:11:04,180 --> 01:11:05,980 You know I'm doing this without authorization right now. 651 01:11:06,340 --> 01:11:07,340 Yeah? 652 01:11:08,440 --> 01:11:13,820 If I [unclear], they'll put me in prison for revealing it. 653 01:11:15,540 --> 01:11:20,520 I can't think of a place more [unclear] than a rooftop. -Yeah. 654 01:11:22,920 --> 01:11:26,360 You can see the city, but the city can't see you, in a way. 655 01:11:40,650 --> 01:11:41,670 He sits in front of a screen. 656 01:11:46,630 --> 01:11:52,370 He sees this, with other buildings beside it, and this is the building to strike. 657 01:11:53,430 --> 01:11:56,350 First, one of the things he's given is its dimensions. 658 01:11:57,930 --> 01:12:02,770 This building is 20 meters... actually, 15 meters. 659 01:12:03,470 --> 01:12:05,810 One of the things they do is work out how many floors there are. 660 01:12:06,600 --> 01:12:09,040 How do you know how many floors there are? Usually from the windows. 661 01:12:09,840 --> 01:12:14,460 You can also check against the height. The standard height of a floor in Gaza is about three meters. 662 01:12:15,980 --> 01:12:16,980 Like this. 663 01:12:19,720 --> 01:12:25,180 We've established there's a Hamas operative on the sixth floor, okay? He's been identified as a target. 664 01:12:26,040 --> 01:12:32,760 But if the intelligence assessment says there are four civilians on that floor, the NAZA 665 01:12:32,760 --> 01:12:33,760 is four. 666 01:12:34,420 --> 01:12:36,020 NAZA four. 667 01:12:40,970 --> 01:12:41,970 What's NAZA? 668 01:12:41,990 --> 01:12:47,450 Collateral damage. The number of people who are going to die in the strike. 669 01:12:47,890 --> 01:12:49,210 As a result of the strike. 670 01:12:49,990 --> 01:12:51,210 They say, "NAZA 15." 671 01:12:51,790 --> 01:12:58,050 They don't say, "Fifteen people will be killed," and certainly not, 672 01:12:58,050 --> 01:13:02,030 "Fifteen children and women will be killed." They say, "NAZA 15." 673 01:13:05,410 --> 01:13:10,210 Do you know what the NAZA numbers were? I mean... 674 01:13:12,520 --> 01:13:14,220 I don't remember them. 675 01:13:14,820 --> 01:13:16,880 Do you know anyone who would? 676 01:13:17,680 --> 01:13:20,100 Who would be willing to talk to me? I really want to understand. 677 01:13:27,240 --> 01:13:32,120 Yes, but I don't think he's interested in talking about it. 678 01:13:32,960 --> 01:13:34,660 I'm also trying to understand... 679 01:13:57,160 --> 01:14:03,860 These are the launches from Gaza, and this is the sky over Gaza, and this is the sky over Tel 680 01:14:03,860 --> 01:14:04,860 Aviv.