1 00:00:21,898 --> 00:00:25,568 Institute for the Intellectual Development of Youth 2 00:00:25,860 --> 00:00:27,862 Cinema and Theater Department 3 00:01:39,267 --> 00:01:41,269 Excuse us, sir. 4 00:01:42,520 --> 00:01:47,150 -What's the film? -It's called Homework. 5 00:01:47,317 --> 00:01:50,445 -What school do you go to? -Martyr Masumi. 6 00:01:53,156 --> 00:01:55,825 -Did you do your homework? -Yes. 7 00:01:56,284 --> 00:01:59,704 You sure? Go on to school. We'll be along. 8 00:02:13,843 --> 00:02:15,220 Take my picture. 9 00:02:15,345 --> 00:02:17,472 It's a film... for children. 10 00:02:17,639 --> 00:02:20,391 Take his picture. 11 00:02:21,309 --> 00:02:23,102 Is it a fiction film? 12 00:02:23,937 --> 00:02:26,272 No, it's a docu— I don't know. 13 00:02:26,439 --> 00:02:29,901 We have no idea yet. It isn't a fiction film. 14 00:02:30,068 --> 00:02:32,487 Sorry, we're filming. 15 00:02:32,612 --> 00:02:35,824 What's the film? 16 00:02:35,990 --> 00:02:38,827 Homework. What school do you go to? 17 00:02:38,993 --> 00:02:40,912 Martyr Masumi. 18 00:02:42,622 --> 00:02:45,667 It's a film about homework. Did you do yours? 19 00:02:45,834 --> 00:02:47,168 Yes. 20 00:02:47,293 --> 00:02:49,170 I did it the best. 21 00:02:49,337 --> 00:02:51,047 Go on. We'll be along. 22 00:02:51,172 --> 00:02:53,258 Good-bye, sir. 23 00:02:56,803 --> 00:02:59,305 I like cinema. 24 00:02:59,472 --> 00:03:02,225 I know your films, Mr. Kiarostami. 25 00:03:02,851 --> 00:03:06,479 I saw one of them on TV. 26 00:03:06,646 --> 00:03:09,023 It took place in a classroom. 27 00:03:09,190 --> 00:03:10,817 First Graders. 28 00:03:10,984 --> 00:03:13,027 Is this in the same style? 29 00:03:13,736 --> 00:03:15,238 We don't know the style. 30 00:03:15,363 --> 00:03:19,325 There's no script, just an idea. 31 00:03:19,492 --> 00:03:22,036 It's our first day filming. 32 00:03:22,287 --> 00:03:24,706 I had problems 33 00:03:25,373 --> 00:03:28,710 with my own child about homework. 34 00:03:29,377 --> 00:03:32,213 Homework is supposed to be for the children, 35 00:03:32,338 --> 00:03:35,550 but parents end up more involved than the kids. 36 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:38,928 So I took my camera 37 00:03:39,679 --> 00:03:41,389 to come investigate 38 00:03:41,639 --> 00:03:45,643 and see if the problem is due to my son or to me... 39 00:03:46,686 --> 00:03:49,898 or if it's the educational system. 40 00:03:51,232 --> 00:03:55,737 We're going to observe the situation in other homes. 41 00:03:56,362 --> 00:04:00,199 To be honest, I should say 42 00:04:00,700 --> 00:04:02,744 it's not really a film, 43 00:04:02,911 --> 00:04:06,205 more a piece of research. 44 00:04:06,748 --> 00:04:10,752 Research through images about students' homework. 45 00:04:11,085 --> 00:04:13,171 -Good luck. -Good-bye. 46 00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:12,730 Islam is victorious! 47 00:05:12,855 --> 00:05:16,818 East and West are vanquished! 48 00:05:18,111 --> 00:05:22,115 Blessed be Mohammad 49 00:05:22,323 --> 00:05:25,493 and those close to him! 50 00:06:15,877 --> 00:06:17,879 One, two, three, four! 51 00:06:18,046 --> 00:06:19,922 We are brave! 52 00:06:20,048 --> 00:06:22,133 Two, three, four, five! 53 00:06:22,300 --> 00:06:24,427 The warriors will win! 54 00:06:24,552 --> 00:06:26,429 Three, four, five, six! 55 00:06:26,596 --> 00:06:28,639 Saddam's men will be annihilated! 56 00:06:28,806 --> 00:06:30,600 One, two, three, four! 57 00:06:30,725 --> 00:06:32,727 We are brave! 58 00:06:32,894 --> 00:06:34,854 Two, three, four, five! 59 00:06:34,979 --> 00:06:36,939 The warriors will win! 60 00:06:37,065 --> 00:06:39,525 Three, four, five, six! 61 00:06:39,650 --> 00:06:41,360 Saddam's men will be annihilated! 62 00:06:41,527 --> 00:06:43,529 Saddam's men will be annihilated! 63 00:06:45,656 --> 00:06:47,950 Islamists are victorious! 64 00:06:50,787 --> 00:06:52,538 -The first imam? -Ali. 65 00:06:52,705 --> 00:06:54,415 -The first imam? -Ali. 66 00:06:54,582 --> 00:06:56,501 -The brave lion? -Ali. 67 00:06:58,252 --> 00:07:00,254 -The pillar of the faith? -Ali. 68 00:07:52,807 --> 00:07:54,892 What's your name? 69 00:07:58,604 --> 00:08:00,106 Focus the light. 70 00:08:04,152 --> 00:08:06,279 Is that okay? Let's go. 71 00:08:06,404 --> 00:08:08,197 Sound? 72 00:08:08,948 --> 00:08:10,324 Camera? 73 00:08:11,826 --> 00:08:15,288 Why wasn't your homework done? 74 00:08:15,580 --> 00:08:17,874 My brother keeps saying — 75 00:08:18,166 --> 00:08:20,626 My mother's busy. 76 00:08:21,085 --> 00:08:24,964 I always have to tell my brother to write his dictation. 77 00:08:25,131 --> 00:08:29,343 I dictate for him and write mine at the same time. 78 00:08:29,927 --> 00:08:32,054 You dictate and you write? 79 00:08:32,180 --> 00:08:34,640 There's only you two? 80 00:08:34,807 --> 00:08:36,767 My sister got married and left. 81 00:08:36,934 --> 00:08:38,686 That leaves my big brother. 82 00:08:38,853 --> 00:08:41,355 Why doesn't he do the dictation? 83 00:08:41,522 --> 00:08:44,567 He works. There's just the two of us. 84 00:08:44,984 --> 00:08:46,986 Who dictates for you? 85 00:08:47,195 --> 00:08:49,780 I go to my sister's. 86 00:08:49,947 --> 00:08:51,574 Is it far? 87 00:08:51,699 --> 00:08:54,118 She lives near Pars. 88 00:08:54,577 --> 00:08:56,579 What about your little brother? 89 00:08:56,704 --> 00:09:01,042 My mother and little brother come with me. 90 00:09:01,209 --> 00:09:04,003 Can't your parents dictate for you? 91 00:09:04,253 --> 00:09:07,298 My father's busy. He's a potter. 92 00:09:07,465 --> 00:09:09,759 My mother does the cooking. 93 00:09:11,886 --> 00:09:14,347 -Your sister dictates for you? -Yes. 94 00:09:14,722 --> 00:09:16,724 -She's not busy? -No. 95 00:09:16,891 --> 00:09:18,392 She doesn't cook? 96 00:09:18,517 --> 00:09:21,354 She knows how, but she doesn't cook dinner. 97 00:09:21,520 --> 00:09:23,481 But I go before it's evening. 98 00:09:23,648 --> 00:09:26,734 You go, she dictates, and you return home? 99 00:09:29,320 --> 00:09:31,322 Why don't you do your homework? 100 00:09:31,614 --> 00:09:33,532 I usually do it. 101 00:09:33,783 --> 00:09:36,869 How come sometimes you don't? 102 00:09:38,329 --> 00:09:43,084 Sometimes our teacher gives us too much, 103 00:09:43,417 --> 00:09:45,378 especially on weekends. 104 00:09:45,503 --> 00:09:48,047 He gives us three assignments. 105 00:09:49,257 --> 00:09:51,926 Copy the same lesson three times, 106 00:09:52,343 --> 00:09:55,054 as well as math and dictation. 107 00:09:57,056 --> 00:09:59,100 -You can't do it all? -No. 108 00:09:59,475 --> 00:10:01,936 -Can your father read and write? -No. 109 00:10:02,061 --> 00:10:03,896 -And your mother? -No. 110 00:10:05,106 --> 00:10:07,984 -Who helps with your homework? -What? 111 00:10:08,317 --> 00:10:09,777 Our landlord. 112 00:10:10,569 --> 00:10:11,988 How's that? 113 00:10:12,113 --> 00:10:15,783 When I have dictation to do, I go see him. 114 00:10:18,786 --> 00:10:22,123 It's not him who does it. It's his daughters. 115 00:10:23,291 --> 00:10:25,126 -His daughters? -One of them. 116 00:10:26,294 --> 00:10:28,296 What time do you finish? 117 00:10:29,922 --> 00:10:31,340 I don't know. 118 00:10:31,882 --> 00:10:34,802 -Does it take long? -Yeah, kind of. 119 00:10:36,554 --> 00:10:39,807 Do you do other things at home besides homework? 120 00:10:40,516 --> 00:10:43,227 Does your mother ask you to do things? 121 00:10:43,394 --> 00:10:44,812 I do the dictation... 122 00:10:44,937 --> 00:10:46,480 Persian exercises. 123 00:10:46,647 --> 00:10:48,858 No, I mean housework. 124 00:10:49,817 --> 00:10:51,652 I don't know what that is. 125 00:10:51,777 --> 00:10:54,905 You don't? Do you go buy bread sometimes? 126 00:10:55,072 --> 00:10:57,325 Only when there's none left. 127 00:10:57,491 --> 00:11:00,161 When there's some left, you don't go. 128 00:11:00,494 --> 00:11:02,413 Do you do other shopping? 129 00:11:02,580 --> 00:11:04,081 I buy fruit. 130 00:11:04,415 --> 00:11:07,168 If you don't do your homework well, 131 00:11:07,335 --> 00:11:09,003 are you punished? 132 00:11:09,337 --> 00:11:12,673 If I don't do it well, I'm punished. 133 00:11:12,923 --> 00:11:14,425 Who punishes you? 134 00:11:15,176 --> 00:11:16,552 The teacher. 135 00:11:16,677 --> 00:11:19,847 And at home? Your parents? 136 00:11:20,348 --> 00:11:22,266 My parents hit me. 137 00:11:24,685 --> 00:11:26,103 How? 138 00:11:29,148 --> 00:11:30,608 I don't know. 139 00:11:31,150 --> 00:11:34,570 You can't get hit and not know how! 140 00:11:37,490 --> 00:11:38,908 With a belt. 141 00:11:39,950 --> 00:11:42,370 How do they know you did it poorly 142 00:11:42,536 --> 00:11:44,413 if they can't read? 143 00:11:44,538 --> 00:11:49,126 When I show them my notebook, they say it's not good. 144 00:11:49,877 --> 00:11:53,255 How do they know if they can't read? 145 00:11:55,299 --> 00:11:56,509 It's big writing. 146 00:11:57,134 --> 00:11:59,136 Big isn't good? 147 00:11:59,512 --> 00:12:03,182 If you buy big fruit, do you get hit? 148 00:12:04,892 --> 00:12:05,893 No? 149 00:12:06,394 --> 00:12:08,854 Has anyone ever encouraged you? 150 00:12:10,022 --> 00:12:11,607 Not at all? -No. 151 00:12:11,732 --> 00:12:14,527 -But you've been punished? -Yes. 152 00:12:14,652 --> 00:12:16,904 -Sorry? -I've been punished before. 153 00:12:17,363 --> 00:12:19,532 You've never been encouraged? 154 00:12:19,907 --> 00:12:21,158 No. 155 00:12:21,784 --> 00:12:24,078 That can't be. And at school? 156 00:12:24,703 --> 00:12:26,288 At school... 157 00:12:28,833 --> 00:12:30,418 Not at school. 158 00:12:30,543 --> 00:12:32,128 Not there either. 159 00:12:32,711 --> 00:12:35,339 -You ever get gold stars? -Never. 160 00:12:36,674 --> 00:12:39,718 Your teacher told me you're a good student. 161 00:12:40,511 --> 00:12:43,097 -I'm bad at dictation. -Dictation? 162 00:12:43,722 --> 00:12:45,975 Maybe they dictate badly... 163 00:12:46,183 --> 00:12:48,978 the landlord's daughters. 164 00:12:50,729 --> 00:12:53,858 Would you like your teacher to be absent? 165 00:12:54,108 --> 00:12:56,444 Then who'd give us homework? 166 00:12:57,194 --> 00:13:00,448 If you had no homework, you could watch TV. 167 00:13:02,783 --> 00:13:06,245 Do you prefer cartoons or homework? Tell the truth. 168 00:13:06,370 --> 00:13:07,455 Homework. 169 00:13:08,205 --> 00:13:11,417 Can you tell me about a cartoon you like? 170 00:13:12,209 --> 00:13:15,254 I like Pinocchio. 171 00:13:17,256 --> 00:13:18,090 What else? 172 00:13:18,257 --> 00:13:21,177 The Wombles. 173 00:13:23,596 --> 00:13:26,849 Do you prefer homework or The Wombles? 174 00:13:26,974 --> 00:13:28,726 After my homework. 175 00:13:28,893 --> 00:13:30,603 And if it's not finished? 176 00:13:30,728 --> 00:13:33,397 I do my homework and watch TV in the evening. 177 00:13:34,482 --> 00:13:37,568 But The Wombles isn't on in the evening. 178 00:13:38,652 --> 00:13:41,155 There's the news. Do you watch it? 179 00:13:41,572 --> 00:13:44,742 It's my bedtime when the news is on. 180 00:13:45,201 --> 00:13:46,702 That's good. 181 00:13:47,870 --> 00:13:50,039 Ever gotten 20 out of 20? 182 00:13:50,164 --> 00:13:51,499 No. 183 00:13:52,583 --> 00:13:55,294 Do your parents know what getting a 20 means? 184 00:13:56,003 --> 00:13:58,297 And the landlord? -Yes. 185 00:13:58,839 --> 00:14:02,259 If you got a 20, 186 00:14:02,551 --> 00:14:05,304 what reward would you like? 187 00:14:12,311 --> 00:14:14,897 What present would you like? 188 00:14:16,690 --> 00:14:18,359 What? -A pastry. 189 00:14:18,526 --> 00:14:19,610 You'd like that? 190 00:14:19,735 --> 00:14:22,321 What else if you got a 20? 191 00:14:27,326 --> 00:14:29,828 A pastry... two pastries. 192 00:14:30,454 --> 00:14:31,664 Two pastries? 193 00:14:31,789 --> 00:14:33,999 And if you got three 20s? 194 00:14:36,168 --> 00:14:38,212 What would you like? 195 00:14:38,546 --> 00:14:39,838 Pastries. 196 00:14:40,005 --> 00:14:41,382 How many? 197 00:14:42,216 --> 00:14:43,509 Three. 198 00:14:45,928 --> 00:14:48,722 And if you got 20 on average? 199 00:14:48,889 --> 00:14:50,182 On average? 200 00:14:56,272 --> 00:14:58,899 A pastry shop, I guess? 201 00:15:00,276 --> 00:15:02,069 Can your father read and write? 202 00:15:02,194 --> 00:15:03,404 No. 203 00:15:04,071 --> 00:15:05,823 -And your mother? -No. 204 00:15:05,948 --> 00:15:09,034 But she's learning to read and write. 205 00:15:10,327 --> 00:15:12,913 Does she help with your homework? 206 00:15:13,706 --> 00:15:18,168 She can't yet. I help her with her homework. 207 00:15:18,335 --> 00:15:20,921 You do? Good for you. 208 00:15:21,213 --> 00:15:23,757 Who helps you with yours? -My sister. 209 00:15:24,133 --> 00:15:27,761 Does she ever punish you? You know what "punish" means? 210 00:15:28,178 --> 00:15:30,347 What is it? -Getting hit. 211 00:15:30,514 --> 00:15:32,349 And encouraging? 212 00:15:32,516 --> 00:15:34,059 Clapping. 213 00:15:34,768 --> 00:15:36,854 -What? -They clap. 214 00:15:36,979 --> 00:15:38,230 And a reward? 215 00:15:38,397 --> 00:15:41,442 A reward, it's a thing — 216 00:15:42,026 --> 00:15:44,320 I don't know. 217 00:15:44,528 --> 00:15:45,613 You don't know? 218 00:15:47,489 --> 00:15:50,409 One night I wanted to do my math, 219 00:15:50,618 --> 00:15:54,121 but my mother said to go to bed. 220 00:15:55,122 --> 00:15:57,875 Why were you doing it at night? 221 00:15:58,042 --> 00:16:00,461 I finished my homework late. 222 00:16:00,711 --> 00:16:02,880 -What time? -Evening. 223 00:16:04,048 --> 00:16:05,674 Did you watch a cartoon? 224 00:16:05,799 --> 00:16:07,426 No. 225 00:16:07,551 --> 00:16:08,927 Why not? 226 00:16:09,762 --> 00:16:12,264 Because I wanted to do my homework. 227 00:16:12,431 --> 00:16:16,101 I did my dictation. It was two pages. 228 00:16:16,477 --> 00:16:19,688 It was too long. -You couldn't watch cartoons? 229 00:16:19,813 --> 00:16:20,731 No. 230 00:16:20,856 --> 00:16:22,608 -You'd have liked to? -Yes. 231 00:16:22,733 --> 00:16:25,944 Sometimes the teacher gives little homework. 232 00:16:26,111 --> 00:16:28,280 Sometimes she gives a lot. 233 00:16:28,947 --> 00:16:31,158 You think she gives a lot? 234 00:16:32,493 --> 00:16:35,579 I can't say how long it takes. 235 00:16:37,164 --> 00:16:39,625 Yes, sometimes she gives a lot, 236 00:16:39,750 --> 00:16:41,835 sometimes not. 237 00:16:41,960 --> 00:16:45,172 Sometimes my mother gets angry. 238 00:16:46,006 --> 00:16:47,341 Like how? 239 00:16:49,009 --> 00:16:52,346 For example, she says... 240 00:16:52,971 --> 00:16:55,182 we're invited to someone's house. 241 00:16:55,391 --> 00:16:58,060 I haven't finished my homework. 242 00:16:58,185 --> 00:17:01,980 So I ask her to wait, and she gets kind of mad. 243 00:17:06,276 --> 00:17:08,278 -She gets mad? -Yes. 244 00:17:08,779 --> 00:17:12,032 You can't take your homework with you? 245 00:17:12,199 --> 00:17:14,076 There's too many kids. 246 00:17:14,201 --> 00:17:15,911 So it's not possible? 247 00:17:17,121 --> 00:17:18,914 They rip my notebooks. 248 00:17:19,081 --> 00:17:20,457 We had a test. 249 00:17:20,582 --> 00:17:22,376 -In what? -Civics. 250 00:17:23,377 --> 00:17:24,586 Did you do well? 251 00:17:24,712 --> 00:17:27,673 Yes, except for two questions. 252 00:17:29,174 --> 00:17:32,511 What were they? Do you remember? 253 00:17:33,679 --> 00:17:35,180 It was a blank test. 254 00:17:35,681 --> 00:17:37,599 What's that? 255 00:17:37,725 --> 00:17:40,477 For instance: "Children are... (blank) 256 00:17:40,644 --> 00:17:44,356 entrusted to their parents, 257 00:17:44,523 --> 00:17:49,194 who must look after their... (blank)." 258 00:17:49,486 --> 00:17:51,363 And the answer: 259 00:17:51,530 --> 00:17:54,491 "Children are gifts from heaven, 260 00:17:54,658 --> 00:17:57,578 entrusted to their parents, 261 00:17:57,745 --> 00:18:01,749 who must look after their upbringing." 262 00:18:01,874 --> 00:18:05,753 It seems you're a good student, but you're weak in math. 263 00:18:05,919 --> 00:18:08,589 Who works with you at home? -My brother. 264 00:18:09,089 --> 00:18:11,508 Does he help you with math? 265 00:18:11,675 --> 00:18:14,636 Yes, but he's not nice to me. 266 00:18:14,762 --> 00:18:18,682 For example, every time he helps me, 267 00:18:18,849 --> 00:18:21,602 I have to do him a favor afterwards. 268 00:18:21,852 --> 00:18:23,020 For example? 269 00:18:23,145 --> 00:18:26,398 Bring him his binders, make him tea. 270 00:18:26,523 --> 00:18:29,610 Does your father know modern math? Can he help you? 271 00:18:29,777 --> 00:18:31,195 My father... 272 00:18:32,029 --> 00:18:33,947 Before, yes... 273 00:18:34,072 --> 00:18:38,452 but we got a division problem he didn't know how to do. 274 00:18:38,619 --> 00:18:41,872 I asked the teacher today. 275 00:18:42,039 --> 00:18:44,917 Why not your brother? How old is he? 276 00:18:45,083 --> 00:18:46,835 My brother is 18. 277 00:18:48,086 --> 00:18:50,464 Why not ask him? 278 00:18:50,631 --> 00:18:54,176 When I did it, he said it was wrong. 279 00:18:55,135 --> 00:18:59,473 But when I asked him how to do it, he didn't answer. 280 00:19:00,766 --> 00:19:02,309 A Charlie Chaplin film. 281 00:19:02,476 --> 00:19:03,894 You like Chaplin? 282 00:19:04,061 --> 00:19:06,021 And Pinocchio? -That too. 283 00:19:06,480 --> 00:19:08,607 But your mother says 284 00:19:08,774 --> 00:19:12,027 your homework isn't finished when you start watching TV. 285 00:19:12,194 --> 00:19:13,570 There's too much. 286 00:19:13,695 --> 00:19:15,656 -What? -Homework. 287 00:19:15,781 --> 00:19:18,033 -Cartoons or homework? -Homework. 288 00:19:18,200 --> 00:19:21,495 She says you haven't finished even after the news. 289 00:19:22,120 --> 00:19:25,999 -It's endless. There's so much. -What? 290 00:19:26,166 --> 00:19:28,502 It takes me till midnight. 291 00:19:28,919 --> 00:19:31,046 You work till midnight? 292 00:19:31,213 --> 00:19:34,466 -Yes. -You prefer cartoons or homework? 293 00:19:34,591 --> 00:19:36,343 Both. 294 00:19:36,718 --> 00:19:38,971 Which do you like best? 295 00:19:42,683 --> 00:19:43,976 Homework. 296 00:19:44,101 --> 00:19:45,519 Homework? 297 00:19:45,978 --> 00:19:48,981 Really? Look at me. 298 00:19:49,147 --> 00:19:50,357 Yes, really. 299 00:19:50,482 --> 00:19:53,360 Would you like to replace TV with homework, 300 00:19:53,569 --> 00:19:55,445 since that's what you prefer? 301 00:19:55,612 --> 00:19:56,864 Yes. 302 00:19:57,030 --> 00:19:59,575 Some cartoons is good too. 303 00:20:00,284 --> 00:20:02,536 What did you dream about? 304 00:20:04,621 --> 00:20:06,582 The guy with the long nose. 305 00:20:08,709 --> 00:20:11,712 You never dream about homework or exams? 306 00:20:12,629 --> 00:20:14,214 Final exams? 307 00:20:15,549 --> 00:20:16,675 No. 308 00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:18,343 Homework? 309 00:20:18,844 --> 00:20:21,138 -Yes. -What kind of dreams? 310 00:20:21,388 --> 00:20:24,474 For example, I dreamed I got a 14. 311 00:20:24,892 --> 00:20:27,144 -And you were pleased? -No. 312 00:20:27,603 --> 00:20:30,230 -Isn't a 14 good? -No. 313 00:20:30,397 --> 00:20:32,399 Who said it wasn't good? 314 00:20:32,900 --> 00:20:34,484 I don't like to get a 14. 315 00:20:34,651 --> 00:20:37,195 -What do you like to get? -Twenty. 316 00:20:37,321 --> 00:20:38,906 Have you ever gotten a 20? 317 00:20:39,031 --> 00:20:40,032 Yes. 318 00:20:40,157 --> 00:20:43,076 How did they react when you got a 20? 319 00:20:43,243 --> 00:20:45,871 -Well. -Glad to hear it. But how? 320 00:20:46,038 --> 00:20:48,248 They congratulated me. 321 00:20:48,582 --> 00:20:51,043 They said it was good. 322 00:20:51,418 --> 00:20:54,212 Why do you do your homework late at night? 323 00:20:54,338 --> 00:20:56,673 I learn the lesson, 324 00:20:56,798 --> 00:20:59,801 but when I get to class, I've forgotten it. 325 00:20:59,927 --> 00:21:02,721 When you don't know your lesson, 326 00:21:02,888 --> 00:21:05,390 when you forget it, 327 00:21:05,724 --> 00:21:07,559 how should they help you 328 00:21:07,684 --> 00:21:09,353 to learn? 329 00:21:13,607 --> 00:21:16,026 What would help you remember it? 330 00:21:19,029 --> 00:21:22,324 Do you know? -Nothing. It's okay. 331 00:21:22,449 --> 00:21:24,952 What encouragement do you like? 332 00:21:25,285 --> 00:21:27,204 Anything. 333 00:21:27,371 --> 00:21:28,997 For example? 334 00:21:30,082 --> 00:21:31,500 I don't know. 335 00:21:32,209 --> 00:21:33,710 And punishment? 336 00:21:34,544 --> 00:21:36,797 I don't like getting punished. 337 00:21:37,089 --> 00:21:38,048 Sorry? 338 00:21:38,173 --> 00:21:40,634 I don't like getting punished. I want to work. 339 00:21:41,093 --> 00:21:43,095 Who dictates for you? 340 00:21:43,220 --> 00:21:44,721 My brother. 341 00:21:44,846 --> 00:21:47,891 If you get it wrong, what does he do? 342 00:21:52,104 --> 00:21:54,606 If you make mistakes? 343 00:22:00,612 --> 00:22:02,155 He hits me. 344 00:22:02,280 --> 00:22:04,992 Why didn't you do your homework? 345 00:22:05,158 --> 00:22:07,911 My uncle and his family came over. 346 00:22:08,537 --> 00:22:09,997 What happened? 347 00:22:13,709 --> 00:22:15,419 I couldn't do it. 348 00:22:16,044 --> 00:22:17,754 Did they stay late? 349 00:22:17,879 --> 00:22:19,631 Till 10:00. 350 00:22:19,965 --> 00:22:22,843 And how long did your homework take? 351 00:22:24,302 --> 00:22:25,971 Till 11:00. 352 00:22:26,179 --> 00:22:28,974 11:00? Weren't you sleepy? 353 00:22:29,891 --> 00:22:31,643 Did you watch cartoons? 354 00:22:32,144 --> 00:22:33,854 What cartoons? 355 00:22:36,106 --> 00:22:38,191 Do you remember? -No. 356 00:22:41,820 --> 00:22:45,323 Doesn't your mother scold you when you don't do your homework? 357 00:22:45,490 --> 00:22:48,660 Or your father? Neither one? -Yes. 358 00:22:48,827 --> 00:22:52,247 Did they scold you last night? What did you tell them? 359 00:22:52,539 --> 00:22:54,791 I said we had company. 360 00:22:55,709 --> 00:22:59,254 When you're invited somewhere, you can't work either? 361 00:22:59,421 --> 00:23:03,508 How many times a week do you go out or have company? 362 00:23:04,843 --> 00:23:06,303 I don't know. 363 00:23:06,470 --> 00:23:09,473 In either case, what do you do? 364 00:23:09,931 --> 00:23:11,808 I can't do my homework. 365 00:23:13,185 --> 00:23:16,063 -Do you have a lot? -Yes. 366 00:23:16,897 --> 00:23:19,566 When I'm working, 367 00:23:19,775 --> 00:23:23,028 my little brother, who doesn't go to school, 368 00:23:23,195 --> 00:23:25,822 comes and bites my back. 369 00:23:25,989 --> 00:23:29,034 He does it when I'm doing my homework. 370 00:23:29,910 --> 00:23:33,080 So you can't finish in time? 371 00:23:33,246 --> 00:23:35,207 Any other reasons? 372 00:23:35,665 --> 00:23:37,084 I don't know. 373 00:23:40,587 --> 00:23:43,673 Sometimes they pour water on my head. 374 00:23:45,550 --> 00:23:47,844 -Do you like cartoons? -Yes. 375 00:23:48,011 --> 00:23:49,262 How much? 376 00:23:49,805 --> 00:23:51,264 A little. 377 00:23:51,431 --> 00:23:53,975 I prefer homework. 378 00:23:54,101 --> 00:23:55,602 You prefer homework? 379 00:23:55,977 --> 00:23:58,105 Because you learn. 380 00:23:58,563 --> 00:24:03,193 Has your mother ever punished you for not finishing your homework on time? 381 00:24:03,318 --> 00:24:05,237 -Yes. -How? 382 00:24:06,738 --> 00:24:08,990 The baby is naughty. 383 00:24:09,116 --> 00:24:13,411 He throws my pencils around and they get lost. 384 00:24:13,578 --> 00:24:18,583 Then my mother scolds me because I have no more pencils. 385 00:24:19,126 --> 00:24:21,128 -And she punishes you? -Yes. 386 00:24:21,294 --> 00:24:22,587 How? 387 00:24:22,712 --> 00:24:26,466 She hits me and says, "Don't let me catch you again." 388 00:24:28,802 --> 00:24:32,931 She doesn't go get the belt. 389 00:24:34,391 --> 00:24:37,144 She says, "That's bad. Don't do it again." 390 00:24:37,310 --> 00:24:39,855 Or "Do your homework quicker." 391 00:24:40,480 --> 00:24:43,108 Why did you mention a belt? 392 00:24:44,234 --> 00:24:46,945 My father doesn't wear one. 393 00:24:47,112 --> 00:24:49,573 He's too fat. 394 00:24:49,739 --> 00:24:51,741 His pants stay up by themselves. 395 00:24:51,867 --> 00:24:56,621 My mother sometimes goes to get the belt she hid 396 00:24:56,746 --> 00:25:01,751 to punish me if I'm naughty. 397 00:25:01,918 --> 00:25:04,129 Then one day, 398 00:25:04,462 --> 00:25:08,216 when she wanted to do that, 399 00:25:08,800 --> 00:25:12,095 she realized... 400 00:25:12,971 --> 00:25:15,182 that the belt she hid 401 00:25:15,390 --> 00:25:18,685 had disappeared. 402 00:25:19,477 --> 00:25:22,856 -Who took it? -My mother... I don't know. 403 00:25:24,524 --> 00:25:27,485 So your father doesn't need a belt — 404 00:25:27,652 --> 00:25:29,196 He's got a fat belly! 405 00:25:29,404 --> 00:25:31,698 So your mother keeps it to punish you. 406 00:25:31,865 --> 00:25:35,827 Yes, but now she's lost it. 407 00:25:35,994 --> 00:25:38,038 She's bought lots, 408 00:25:38,163 --> 00:25:40,457 but she loses them every time. 409 00:25:40,624 --> 00:25:43,335 One day when we were moving, 410 00:25:43,501 --> 00:25:46,880 we found loads of them! 411 00:25:47,339 --> 00:25:49,174 They reappeared. 412 00:25:49,299 --> 00:25:51,968 But my mother hasn't hit me with one yet. 413 00:25:52,135 --> 00:25:55,055 I help out around the house. 414 00:25:55,222 --> 00:25:59,309 Would you like your father to be thin and wear his belt 415 00:25:59,684 --> 00:26:02,229 so there'd be none left around the house? 416 00:26:03,188 --> 00:26:05,315 Why does he even buy belts? 417 00:26:05,440 --> 00:26:08,526 He doesn't buy them. He's fat! 418 00:26:08,693 --> 00:26:10,654 He doesn't buy any. 419 00:26:11,029 --> 00:26:14,783 It's fine with him. People call him "the fat man." 420 00:26:14,908 --> 00:26:16,826 I'm talking about his belt. 421 00:26:17,494 --> 00:26:20,580 Since he doesn't buy any, 422 00:26:20,997 --> 00:26:23,583 why do you have them around? 423 00:26:25,627 --> 00:26:29,214 He bought them 424 00:26:29,339 --> 00:26:31,591 mainly to hit us. 425 00:26:31,716 --> 00:26:33,551 But your mother hid them? 426 00:26:33,718 --> 00:26:35,762 Yes, she hides them 427 00:26:35,929 --> 00:26:38,723 and then loses them. 428 00:26:38,848 --> 00:26:41,518 When you're big and have children, 429 00:26:41,685 --> 00:26:44,229 if they don't do their homework, 430 00:26:44,521 --> 00:26:46,606 will you use a belt? 431 00:26:47,941 --> 00:26:49,442 -No. -Why not? 432 00:26:49,609 --> 00:26:52,279 My father doesn't do it. I won't either. 433 00:26:52,487 --> 00:26:54,531 Speak up. We can't hear you. 434 00:26:54,656 --> 00:26:58,493 My father doesn't hit me, so I won't hit them. 435 00:26:58,660 --> 00:27:01,871 -Who? -My children. 436 00:27:02,038 --> 00:27:04,457 Your children? You won't hit them? 437 00:27:05,083 --> 00:27:08,712 And if your father hit you? -I'd hit them. 438 00:27:08,837 --> 00:27:13,049 It wouldn't be your child's fault if your father made a mistake. 439 00:27:13,425 --> 00:27:15,051 That's how it is. 440 00:27:17,178 --> 00:27:19,723 -You're the class representative? -Yes. 441 00:27:20,307 --> 00:27:21,975 Why you? 442 00:27:22,267 --> 00:27:25,020 I'm a good student. 443 00:27:25,145 --> 00:27:27,814 The teacher chose me. 444 00:27:31,318 --> 00:27:34,362 Since you're a good student, you must be encouraged at home? 445 00:27:34,487 --> 00:27:35,530 Yes. 446 00:27:35,655 --> 00:27:37,574 How do they reward you? 447 00:27:37,699 --> 00:27:41,077 My father buys me things. 448 00:27:41,244 --> 00:27:45,081 My mother buys me notebooks, crayons, 449 00:27:45,248 --> 00:27:48,835 pants, and shirts. 450 00:27:49,044 --> 00:27:52,505 Have you ever been punished? How are you punished? 451 00:27:53,048 --> 00:27:55,425 I get slapped in the face. 452 00:27:56,009 --> 00:27:58,136 I get slapped. 453 00:27:58,303 --> 00:27:59,846 -By who? -My father. 454 00:28:00,055 --> 00:28:02,307 You think he's right? 455 00:28:02,640 --> 00:28:04,851 My father? Yes. 456 00:28:05,977 --> 00:28:08,605 He's right? Why? 457 00:28:08,772 --> 00:28:11,608 Because I misbehave, and he gets angry. 458 00:28:13,610 --> 00:28:16,029 How many slaps does he give you? 459 00:28:16,196 --> 00:28:18,365 Five to seven. 460 00:28:18,782 --> 00:28:22,577 In your opinion, is that enough or not? 461 00:28:22,994 --> 00:28:24,162 It's enough. 462 00:28:24,287 --> 00:28:25,663 -No more? -No. 463 00:28:25,830 --> 00:28:29,209 -No less? -Less? No. 464 00:28:29,501 --> 00:28:31,044 Five is good? 465 00:28:31,211 --> 00:28:34,464 If you had a naughty child, how many would you give him? 466 00:28:35,298 --> 00:28:37,467 -Seven. -Seven? 467 00:28:38,760 --> 00:28:41,846 Why five for your father but seven for you? 468 00:28:42,097 --> 00:28:44,432 When my father gets mad, 469 00:28:44,557 --> 00:28:47,519 like when he tells me to sit down and I don't, 470 00:28:47,644 --> 00:28:49,896 he gets up and gives me seven. 471 00:28:50,105 --> 00:28:51,523 -Seven? -Yes. 472 00:28:51,648 --> 00:28:54,526 What would you call your son? 473 00:28:56,236 --> 00:28:58,405 If it's a boy, Hossein. 474 00:28:58,613 --> 00:29:00,573 If it's a girl, Sara. 475 00:29:00,740 --> 00:29:04,244 If Hossein disobeyed, how many would you give him? 476 00:29:04,411 --> 00:29:05,412 Seven. 477 00:29:06,913 --> 00:29:09,082 My father's at the front. 478 00:29:09,416 --> 00:29:11,459 He's gone there, 479 00:29:11,584 --> 00:29:14,462 and my mother always wants us to go downstairs. 480 00:29:14,587 --> 00:29:16,673 -Downstairs? -To her sister's. 481 00:29:19,717 --> 00:29:21,719 At my aunt's... 482 00:29:21,845 --> 00:29:24,931 I don't find the time to do my homework. 483 00:29:27,225 --> 00:29:30,061 Does your mother know you have homework? 484 00:29:30,186 --> 00:29:32,439 Does she know you have homework? 485 00:29:34,566 --> 00:29:37,235 I tell her I've got homework. 486 00:29:37,986 --> 00:29:40,113 But she still wants to go? 487 00:29:40,280 --> 00:29:43,491 No, my aunt comes and makes us go downstairs. 488 00:29:43,658 --> 00:29:46,411 Why don't you do it at her place? 489 00:29:46,619 --> 00:29:50,623 I take it with me, but her children keep bothering me. 490 00:29:51,124 --> 00:29:52,792 Who supervises your homework? 491 00:29:53,835 --> 00:29:55,086 Sometimes my mother, 492 00:29:55,211 --> 00:29:57,547 or my father, who's not there now, 493 00:29:57,672 --> 00:29:59,716 or my cousins. 494 00:30:00,550 --> 00:30:02,469 Do they dictate well? 495 00:30:03,553 --> 00:30:05,054 Not always. 496 00:30:05,513 --> 00:30:06,806 What do you mean? 497 00:30:08,016 --> 00:30:09,642 They don't know how. 498 00:30:11,019 --> 00:30:13,646 They read really quick. 499 00:30:14,522 --> 00:30:19,152 They have no patience? Why do you think that is? 500 00:30:19,486 --> 00:30:21,154 -What? -Why? 501 00:30:22,906 --> 00:30:25,658 My hand isn't quick enough 502 00:30:25,825 --> 00:30:27,744 to write fast. 503 00:30:28,453 --> 00:30:31,206 I try to write well, 504 00:30:31,372 --> 00:30:34,083 but they want me to go fast. 505 00:30:35,335 --> 00:30:38,755 They're in a hurry? What does your mother do? 506 00:30:39,214 --> 00:30:41,674 Besides dictation, what else does she have to do? 507 00:30:41,841 --> 00:30:46,638 Sometimes she has to wash the dishes. 508 00:30:47,138 --> 00:30:51,935 What do you think about encouragement? 509 00:30:56,356 --> 00:30:58,233 Encouragement? 510 00:30:58,358 --> 00:31:00,360 Are rewards effective? 511 00:31:02,237 --> 00:31:04,614 For what? -To work well, yes. 512 00:31:05,031 --> 00:31:06,991 What about punishment? 513 00:31:08,034 --> 00:31:10,954 -It isn't. -How do you mean? 514 00:31:11,120 --> 00:31:13,456 The child just keeps going. 515 00:31:13,581 --> 00:31:15,708 In your opinion, why is that? 516 00:31:16,376 --> 00:31:19,921 If you beat a child... 517 00:31:21,172 --> 00:31:24,842 he becomes stubborn and doesn't do his homework. 518 00:31:24,968 --> 00:31:27,178 So there's no point? 519 00:31:27,303 --> 00:31:28,930 A little, yes. 520 00:31:29,889 --> 00:31:32,392 Who supervises your homework? 521 00:31:32,934 --> 00:31:34,269 My sister. 522 00:31:34,435 --> 00:31:35,979 Your sister? 523 00:31:36,479 --> 00:31:39,566 Not your father? Why not? 524 00:31:39,983 --> 00:31:42,569 Because he can't read. 525 00:31:42,860 --> 00:31:44,195 And your mother? 526 00:31:44,404 --> 00:31:45,613 She can't either. 527 00:31:45,780 --> 00:31:47,156 There's only my sister... 528 00:31:48,157 --> 00:31:49,701 or my brother. 529 00:31:49,826 --> 00:31:52,579 -Have they punished you for homework? -Who? 530 00:31:52,745 --> 00:31:55,415 Your sister. Has she punished you? 531 00:31:55,957 --> 00:31:59,085 You know what "to punish" means? 532 00:31:59,210 --> 00:32:00,420 It means to hit. 533 00:32:00,545 --> 00:32:02,964 -Pardon? -To hit. 534 00:32:03,131 --> 00:32:04,966 And "encourage"? 535 00:32:05,091 --> 00:32:06,467 I don't know. 536 00:32:07,010 --> 00:32:08,469 Think. 537 00:32:11,014 --> 00:32:12,974 You don't know what it is? 538 00:32:13,099 --> 00:32:14,809 But to punish, yes? 539 00:32:15,059 --> 00:32:18,271 What's it mean? -It's hitting. 540 00:32:18,438 --> 00:32:20,148 What is punishment? 541 00:32:20,315 --> 00:32:21,941 To hit. 542 00:32:22,358 --> 00:32:23,860 And encouragement? 543 00:32:24,193 --> 00:32:26,487 To say "good job." 544 00:32:26,613 --> 00:32:28,489 Who dictates for you? 545 00:32:28,615 --> 00:32:29,949 My sister. 546 00:32:30,074 --> 00:32:33,494 -What's that on your face? -My sister did that. 547 00:32:33,745 --> 00:32:36,372 -What did she do? -She scratched me. 548 00:32:37,665 --> 00:32:40,126 She scratched me. 549 00:32:40,251 --> 00:32:42,712 Who supervises your homework? 550 00:32:42,879 --> 00:32:44,631 Who dictates for you? 551 00:32:46,257 --> 00:32:47,634 My sister. 552 00:32:49,385 --> 00:32:51,137 Can your father read and write? 553 00:32:51,304 --> 00:32:52,639 No. 554 00:32:55,308 --> 00:32:57,560 Do you know what punishment is? 555 00:32:57,727 --> 00:32:58,770 Yes. 556 00:32:58,978 --> 00:32:59,896 What is it? 557 00:33:02,565 --> 00:33:04,359 Getting hit. 558 00:33:04,651 --> 00:33:06,653 And encouragement? 559 00:33:13,868 --> 00:33:15,495 You don't know? 560 00:33:17,497 --> 00:33:18,915 Can your father read and write? 561 00:33:19,123 --> 00:33:20,416 No. 562 00:33:20,667 --> 00:33:23,795 -Who supervises your homework? -My sister. 563 00:33:24,170 --> 00:33:27,048 And if you don't do it, are you punished? 564 00:33:27,173 --> 00:33:28,508 You know what that is? 565 00:33:31,844 --> 00:33:33,763 It's getting hit. 566 00:33:34,389 --> 00:33:35,765 And encouragement? 567 00:33:35,932 --> 00:33:37,475 I don't know. 568 00:33:38,393 --> 00:33:39,936 You don't know? 569 00:33:40,603 --> 00:33:42,188 What does that mean? 570 00:33:43,898 --> 00:33:45,983 Punishment... 571 00:33:49,320 --> 00:33:52,907 When you misbehave, you have to get a beating. 572 00:33:54,033 --> 00:33:55,868 And encouragement? 573 00:33:57,078 --> 00:33:59,789 It means doing good things. 574 00:34:01,040 --> 00:34:02,959 It means getting hit. 575 00:34:04,752 --> 00:34:06,546 And encouragement? 576 00:34:06,671 --> 00:34:09,048 It means to applaud. 577 00:34:10,967 --> 00:34:13,594 -Have you ever been punished? -Yes. 578 00:34:13,761 --> 00:34:15,096 How? 579 00:34:15,680 --> 00:34:17,223 It's very simple. 580 00:34:18,057 --> 00:34:19,058 How? 581 00:34:19,267 --> 00:34:21,394 You get hit. 582 00:34:21,894 --> 00:34:23,396 What do you want to be? 583 00:34:23,813 --> 00:34:26,315 An engineer in the vice squad. 584 00:34:26,816 --> 00:34:28,443 To do what? 585 00:34:29,152 --> 00:34:34,365 To arrest opium smokers... 586 00:34:35,366 --> 00:34:37,994 arrest the bad guys... 587 00:34:39,245 --> 00:34:42,165 arrest those... 588 00:34:42,331 --> 00:34:45,668 who spread lies or steal. 589 00:34:51,883 --> 00:34:53,342 What job did you say? 590 00:34:53,509 --> 00:34:55,094 Engineer in the vice squad. 591 00:34:57,847 --> 00:35:00,433 Do you approve of encouragement? 592 00:35:00,725 --> 00:35:01,601 Yes. 593 00:35:01,768 --> 00:35:03,269 And punishment? 594 00:35:04,187 --> 00:35:06,773 Who do you think should be punished? 595 00:35:07,774 --> 00:35:10,401 Naughty boys. 596 00:35:10,610 --> 00:35:11,986 What do you mean? 597 00:35:12,153 --> 00:35:15,323 Those who don't listen to their parents 598 00:35:15,782 --> 00:35:17,283 and also... 599 00:35:18,034 --> 00:35:20,828 those who don't listen to the teacher... 600 00:35:21,788 --> 00:35:23,247 or... 601 00:35:23,915 --> 00:35:27,960 don't listen to the principal or the assistants. 602 00:35:29,128 --> 00:35:30,630 They should be punished. 603 00:35:30,963 --> 00:35:33,382 -Ali Reza Hassani. -Mr. Hassani... 604 00:35:33,508 --> 00:35:36,302 your teacher says you didn't do your homework. 605 00:35:36,427 --> 00:35:39,222 Last night I was learning a song. 606 00:35:39,722 --> 00:35:40,890 Why? 607 00:35:41,057 --> 00:35:44,685 To sing together on the anniversary of the revolution. 608 00:35:45,144 --> 00:35:48,773 Did you learn it by heart? Can you sing it for us? 609 00:35:49,148 --> 00:35:51,359 -Yes. -Go ahead. 610 00:35:52,401 --> 00:35:55,029 Do you need the words? 611 00:35:55,404 --> 00:35:57,031 I don't know it. 612 00:36:08,251 --> 00:36:12,880 Oh caravan, tarry 613 00:36:13,047 --> 00:36:16,050 My love is departing 614 00:36:18,845 --> 00:36:22,932 My heart is no longer within me 615 00:36:23,099 --> 00:36:26,185 With its captor it's fleeing 616 00:36:27,603 --> 00:36:30,690 Oh caravan driver, slow down 617 00:36:30,857 --> 00:36:34,569 Do not rush the caravan 618 00:36:35,862 --> 00:36:39,866 With the love of this horsewoman 619 00:36:40,032 --> 00:36:42,702 My heart flies off 620 00:36:43,995 --> 00:36:46,706 She leaves full of grace 621 00:36:46,873 --> 00:36:51,085 I taste the poison of abandonment 622 00:36:52,128 --> 00:36:56,090 Ask for me no more 623 00:36:56,257 --> 00:36:58,926 My soul is no longer there 624 00:37:01,220 --> 00:37:05,099 I'm left behind suffering for her 625 00:37:05,266 --> 00:37:08,394 Distressed, longing for her 626 00:37:09,395 --> 00:37:13,149 Her absence is a dagger 627 00:37:13,316 --> 00:37:16,027 Piercing me to the bone 628 00:37:17,111 --> 00:37:20,948 Oh caravan, tarry 629 00:37:21,115 --> 00:37:24,285 My love is departing 630 00:37:25,161 --> 00:37:28,831 My heart is no longer within me 631 00:37:28,998 --> 00:37:31,584 With its captor it's leaving 632 00:37:33,753 --> 00:37:36,756 So they picked you to sing? 633 00:37:36,923 --> 00:37:38,174 Yes. 634 00:37:38,299 --> 00:37:40,760 How come? 635 00:37:41,260 --> 00:37:43,596 One of the students brought the poem. 636 00:37:43,763 --> 00:37:47,433 The teacher asked who had the best voice. 637 00:37:47,558 --> 00:37:49,477 It was me. 638 00:37:49,769 --> 00:37:51,771 She picked me. 639 00:37:52,063 --> 00:37:54,148 After three days of filming, 640 00:37:54,273 --> 00:37:58,527 out of 856 questionnaires distributed 641 00:37:58,653 --> 00:38:01,948 to evaluate the students' homework situation, 642 00:38:02,114 --> 00:38:04,909 526 were returned. 643 00:38:05,117 --> 00:38:09,330 With 37% of the parents being illiterate, 644 00:38:09,497 --> 00:38:14,001 they couldn't supervise their children's homework. 645 00:38:14,168 --> 00:38:16,295 Of those who are literate, 646 00:38:16,462 --> 00:38:19,215 a significant percentage stated 647 00:38:19,340 --> 00:38:23,177 that they were too tired, impatient, or busy to help. 648 00:38:23,552 --> 00:38:26,180 In the margins of several questionnaires, 649 00:38:26,347 --> 00:38:31,394 many parents complained about a busy workload 650 00:38:31,560 --> 00:38:34,480 and asked to be relieved of the responsibility 651 00:38:34,647 --> 00:38:36,524 of supervising homework. 652 00:38:36,649 --> 00:38:39,819 Thanks to these questionnaires, we met children 653 00:38:39,986 --> 00:38:42,613 living under special circumstances 654 00:38:42,738 --> 00:38:46,409 that make the task of homework more difficult. 655 00:38:46,534 --> 00:38:48,035 What happened to your face? 656 00:38:48,160 --> 00:38:49,996 I fell. 657 00:38:50,121 --> 00:38:51,455 You fell? 658 00:38:51,580 --> 00:38:53,833 Who supervises your homework? 659 00:38:53,958 --> 00:38:56,585 My mother works with me. 660 00:38:56,752 --> 00:39:00,047 My grades aren't bad. 661 00:39:00,214 --> 00:39:04,051 Your teacher says you're improving. 662 00:39:04,176 --> 00:39:05,678 Is that true? -Yes. 663 00:39:05,845 --> 00:39:08,848 How could you improve even more? 664 00:39:09,015 --> 00:39:12,893 By studying my lessons every day. 665 00:39:13,060 --> 00:39:16,147 Working to get a 20. 666 00:39:16,522 --> 00:39:18,357 To get a 20... 667 00:39:19,525 --> 00:39:21,694 What do you want to be? 668 00:39:22,194 --> 00:39:24,697 I want to be an engineer. 669 00:39:25,865 --> 00:39:28,492 How many brothers and sisters do you have? 670 00:39:28,617 --> 00:39:30,703 There are five of us — 671 00:39:30,828 --> 00:39:34,457 Counting me, five boys and five girls. 672 00:39:36,459 --> 00:39:38,544 Five boys and five girls. 673 00:39:39,336 --> 00:39:41,172 And so altogether? 674 00:39:41,380 --> 00:39:44,550 I think there's 11 of us. 675 00:39:45,092 --> 00:39:47,011 You're not sure? 676 00:39:47,386 --> 00:39:51,807 Yes, but two got married. 677 00:39:52,433 --> 00:39:55,186 Then three who aren't married. 678 00:39:55,394 --> 00:39:57,229 Plus another one... 679 00:39:58,731 --> 00:40:01,358 who is 15. 680 00:40:02,443 --> 00:40:05,446 Who supervises your homework? 681 00:40:05,780 --> 00:40:08,991 My sister, my brother, 682 00:40:09,158 --> 00:40:11,077 my father, my mother. 683 00:40:11,202 --> 00:40:13,287 Your father says your homework 684 00:40:13,454 --> 00:40:15,831 isn't finished after cartoons. 685 00:40:17,416 --> 00:40:19,168 After cartoons... 686 00:40:19,585 --> 00:40:22,421 sometimes my homework isn't finished. 687 00:40:22,671 --> 00:40:26,425 He said that even after the news, 688 00:40:26,592 --> 00:40:29,136 your homework usually isn't done. 689 00:40:29,303 --> 00:40:33,474 He means the sports news. 690 00:40:33,891 --> 00:40:38,729 Yesterday there were people playing in the water. 691 00:40:38,979 --> 00:40:41,315 You saw it? Was it good? 692 00:40:41,482 --> 00:40:42,525 Yes. 693 00:40:42,650 --> 00:40:45,444 What cartoons do you like? 694 00:40:46,153 --> 00:40:49,323 There's a bear and a fox. 695 00:40:49,490 --> 00:40:53,786 The bear and the fox play tricks, 696 00:40:53,911 --> 00:40:57,998 and then a hunter comes. 697 00:40:58,165 --> 00:40:59,959 He shoots at the bear, 698 00:41:00,376 --> 00:41:02,837 the fox... 699 00:41:03,003 --> 00:41:08,592 Then the two mice capture him. 700 00:41:08,717 --> 00:41:10,469 What else do you like? 701 00:41:11,011 --> 00:41:13,180 The movies, films. 702 00:41:16,350 --> 00:41:18,644 We go to the movies every Thursday. 703 00:41:18,811 --> 00:41:21,230 What was the last film you saw? 704 00:41:21,647 --> 00:41:25,568 The last one... I can't remember the name. 705 00:41:25,734 --> 00:41:27,820 But it was really good. 706 00:41:29,029 --> 00:41:31,365 They were fighting on a boat. 707 00:41:32,449 --> 00:41:35,870 A boat? You like that? 708 00:41:36,036 --> 00:41:38,706 The Iranian is in a boat. 709 00:41:38,873 --> 00:41:43,085 The two Iraqis attack him and capture him. 710 00:41:43,252 --> 00:41:46,672 One of them is guarding him. 711 00:41:46,839 --> 00:41:51,802 But he's too strong. "I'll show you!" 712 00:41:51,927 --> 00:41:55,264 He throws off one and then the other. 713 00:41:55,431 --> 00:41:59,685 The guy up there is his pal. 714 00:41:59,852 --> 00:42:01,353 He goes like that... 715 00:42:01,520 --> 00:42:05,524 He knocks him into the water. 716 00:42:05,774 --> 00:42:08,319 -Did you like it? -Yes. 717 00:42:08,444 --> 00:42:10,404 Listen... 718 00:42:10,571 --> 00:42:13,532 do you like fights in movies? 719 00:42:13,699 --> 00:42:15,701 In war movies. 720 00:42:15,868 --> 00:42:17,578 How about at home? 721 00:42:17,745 --> 00:42:19,246 No, not at home. 722 00:42:19,413 --> 00:42:21,290 Are there fights at home? 723 00:42:21,457 --> 00:42:25,127 Downstairs they fight. 724 00:42:25,252 --> 00:42:27,338 Who's downstairs? 725 00:42:27,463 --> 00:42:29,465 My father's other wife. 726 00:42:29,632 --> 00:42:31,550 -He has two wives? -Yes. 727 00:42:31,967 --> 00:42:35,262 He married the one downstairs first. 728 00:42:37,514 --> 00:42:39,308 She was first? 729 00:42:39,475 --> 00:42:41,268 Your mother was second? -Yes. 730 00:42:41,435 --> 00:42:43,062 Do they get along? 731 00:42:43,229 --> 00:42:44,980 With each other? 732 00:42:45,564 --> 00:42:46,899 Not too bad. 733 00:42:47,066 --> 00:42:49,360 -They don't quarrel? -No. 734 00:42:49,568 --> 00:42:50,903 Never? 735 00:42:57,743 --> 00:43:02,248 Sometimes they laugh together. 736 00:43:02,414 --> 00:43:04,792 Then they quarrel. 737 00:43:05,000 --> 00:43:06,418 -With each other? -Yes. 738 00:43:06,585 --> 00:43:08,671 Does that bother you? 739 00:43:09,088 --> 00:43:11,840 My mother hits the other one. 740 00:43:12,341 --> 00:43:13,842 -She hits her? -Yes. 741 00:43:14,385 --> 00:43:16,262 Do you like that? 742 00:43:16,679 --> 00:43:19,306 Your mother being the strongest? 743 00:43:19,473 --> 00:43:23,394 There's a boy downstairs who's finished his military service. 744 00:43:23,519 --> 00:43:24,520 And? 745 00:43:24,645 --> 00:43:26,605 My father's on their side. 746 00:43:26,772 --> 00:43:29,775 My grandfather is on my mother's side. 747 00:43:30,192 --> 00:43:32,319 My grandfather's really strong. 748 00:43:32,695 --> 00:43:34,780 Stronger than my father. 749 00:43:35,739 --> 00:43:38,409 There was a fight once. 750 00:43:38,617 --> 00:43:43,163 The other wife came up with her son, and he hit my mother. 751 00:43:43,289 --> 00:43:46,000 Then my cousin on my mother's side 752 00:43:46,166 --> 00:43:48,711 took this heavy thing — 753 00:43:48,877 --> 00:43:52,631 He's the strongest one. He's in the vice squad. 754 00:43:53,424 --> 00:43:57,136 And he hit my half brother who had hit my mother. 755 00:43:57,303 --> 00:43:59,680 And you were happy about that? 756 00:44:00,014 --> 00:44:03,517 Do you like when there are fights? 757 00:44:03,642 --> 00:44:05,769 -No. -What do you like? 758 00:44:06,979 --> 00:44:08,480 Nothing. 759 00:44:11,859 --> 00:44:14,903 I'm not big enough to fight. 760 00:44:15,070 --> 00:44:17,948 Will you fight when you're bigger? 761 00:44:18,157 --> 00:44:19,533 No. 762 00:44:20,993 --> 00:44:23,495 They fight at the front, don't they? 763 00:44:23,662 --> 00:44:26,332 There it's war. That's different. 764 00:44:27,666 --> 00:44:29,460 Why is it different? 765 00:44:29,585 --> 00:44:33,672 The difference is they kill, that's all. 766 00:44:35,424 --> 00:44:37,968 It takes me an hour 767 00:44:38,093 --> 00:44:40,387 to write two pages. 768 00:44:41,555 --> 00:44:44,683 I write the two pages... 769 00:44:45,392 --> 00:44:47,853 then I write numbers... 770 00:44:47,978 --> 00:44:50,773 and it's time for cartoons. 771 00:44:51,732 --> 00:44:53,942 -Do you watch them? -Yes. 772 00:44:54,109 --> 00:44:56,111 -Do you like them? -No. 773 00:44:56,278 --> 00:44:58,113 Then why watch them? 774 00:45:00,908 --> 00:45:04,453 I don't watch them. 775 00:45:04,620 --> 00:45:08,123 It's mostly my little brother who watches. 776 00:45:08,874 --> 00:45:11,960 So he should be behind in his homework... 777 00:45:12,753 --> 00:45:14,588 not you. 778 00:45:16,590 --> 00:45:18,634 And after that? 779 00:45:18,759 --> 00:45:20,886 After cartoons... 780 00:45:21,553 --> 00:45:25,391 I go and see my mother, and she says... 781 00:45:25,516 --> 00:45:27,309 "Write three more pages." 782 00:45:28,310 --> 00:45:30,062 What does your father do? 783 00:45:30,187 --> 00:45:32,564 He works in a shop. 784 00:45:32,898 --> 00:45:35,109 -He's not at home? -No. 785 00:45:37,236 --> 00:45:39,113 Who dictates for you? 786 00:45:41,615 --> 00:45:43,909 The dictation... my father 787 00:45:44,451 --> 00:45:46,662 when he gets home. 788 00:45:49,373 --> 00:45:53,335 Have your parents ever punished you? How? 789 00:45:54,294 --> 00:45:58,424 He goes and gets the belt and hits me with it. 790 00:46:00,050 --> 00:46:02,261 Have they ever encouraged you? 791 00:46:02,928 --> 00:46:05,264 You know what that means? -No. 792 00:46:05,514 --> 00:46:08,308 -Have you ever gotten a reward? -No. 793 00:46:10,436 --> 00:46:11,895 Never? 794 00:46:12,855 --> 00:46:14,898 Do you help with the housework? 795 00:46:15,899 --> 00:46:17,276 What do you do? 796 00:46:17,693 --> 00:46:20,946 My mother asks me... 797 00:46:21,864 --> 00:46:25,451 to bring the bread basket, and I do. 798 00:46:25,576 --> 00:46:27,035 What else? 799 00:46:27,494 --> 00:46:33,125 She asks me to wash the glasses, and I do. 800 00:46:34,042 --> 00:46:39,465 Then she says to go and get kerosene, and I go. 801 00:46:41,884 --> 00:46:43,719 What else? 802 00:46:44,011 --> 00:46:46,847 She asks me to go... 803 00:46:47,514 --> 00:46:52,394 and get the dishes for her to clean. 804 00:46:52,561 --> 00:46:56,899 I go and get them and she cleans them. 805 00:46:57,024 --> 00:46:58,317 And then? 806 00:47:00,194 --> 00:47:02,070 After... 807 00:47:03,739 --> 00:47:08,327 in the evening, she asks me to go and bring out the meal, 808 00:47:08,494 --> 00:47:10,078 and I go. 809 00:47:10,245 --> 00:47:12,664 How about her? What does she do? 810 00:47:13,165 --> 00:47:15,209 My mother? Nothing. 811 00:47:15,751 --> 00:47:17,252 She's sick. 812 00:47:22,341 --> 00:47:24,343 I just don't want to be punished. 813 00:47:24,593 --> 00:47:27,513 -Pardon? -I don't want to be punished. 814 00:47:27,763 --> 00:47:29,181 -You don't like it? -No. 815 00:47:29,306 --> 00:47:31,099 And being encouraged? 816 00:47:34,353 --> 00:47:36,188 I like that. 817 00:47:36,813 --> 00:47:38,440 Can your father read and write? 818 00:47:40,275 --> 00:47:41,610 Yes. 819 00:47:43,695 --> 00:47:45,864 And your mother? 820 00:47:56,500 --> 00:47:57,876 No. 821 00:47:58,043 --> 00:48:01,088 So who supervises your homework? 822 00:48:04,132 --> 00:48:08,053 When I get home... 823 00:48:08,971 --> 00:48:10,806 I do my homework quickly. 824 00:48:11,056 --> 00:48:13,725 Why does it take so long? 825 00:48:14,101 --> 00:48:16,895 Until the evening? -There's too much. 826 00:48:17,271 --> 00:48:19,356 When does your father get home? 827 00:48:19,606 --> 00:48:22,693 At 7:00. 828 00:48:23,902 --> 00:48:26,196 Does he supervise your homework? 829 00:48:29,116 --> 00:48:30,242 Yes. 830 00:48:31,243 --> 00:48:33,579 Can he help you with math? 831 00:48:33,954 --> 00:48:35,998 Math... yes. 832 00:48:36,415 --> 00:48:38,250 Who dictates for you? 833 00:48:38,834 --> 00:48:40,294 My sister. 834 00:48:41,336 --> 00:48:43,589 Has she ever punished you? 835 00:48:45,257 --> 00:48:46,800 Sometimes. 836 00:48:48,468 --> 00:48:51,096 -She punishes you? -Yes. 837 00:48:51,221 --> 00:48:53,098 Why didn't you do your homework? 838 00:48:53,807 --> 00:48:55,434 I couldn't. 839 00:48:55,601 --> 00:48:57,269 -Pardon? -I couldn't. 840 00:48:57,477 --> 00:48:58,812 Why not? 841 00:48:59,187 --> 00:49:01,315 My brother's always bothering me. 842 00:49:03,025 --> 00:49:04,443 Speak up. 843 00:49:04,610 --> 00:49:06,403 My brother's always bothering me. 844 00:49:06,528 --> 00:49:09,114 -How? -He doesn't let me work. 845 00:49:09,281 --> 00:49:10,741 He doesn't let you? 846 00:49:10,866 --> 00:49:12,576 How old is he? 847 00:49:14,077 --> 00:49:15,621 Nine. 848 00:49:15,746 --> 00:49:18,540 Nine? He's older than you? 849 00:49:19,583 --> 00:49:23,045 Why doesn't your mother say anything? 850 00:49:31,470 --> 00:49:33,513 Did you do your math? 851 00:49:33,764 --> 00:49:34,681 No. 852 00:49:35,140 --> 00:49:36,975 You didn't do that either. 853 00:49:38,769 --> 00:49:40,646 Who dictates for you? 854 00:49:41,146 --> 00:49:43,065 My sister or... 855 00:49:43,774 --> 00:49:45,901 -Your sister or...? -My brother. 856 00:49:47,069 --> 00:49:49,905 Not your mother? Why not? 857 00:49:50,447 --> 00:49:51,698 I don't know. 858 00:49:51,823 --> 00:49:53,950 -Can she read and write? -No. 859 00:49:54,660 --> 00:49:57,871 Who dictates better, your sister or brother? 860 00:50:01,333 --> 00:50:02,626 My sister. 861 00:50:02,751 --> 00:50:05,879 Your sister's better? Who's nicer? 862 00:50:09,049 --> 00:50:10,342 My sister. 863 00:50:12,302 --> 00:50:13,679 Your sister? 864 00:50:14,304 --> 00:50:17,224 Your father doesn't dictate for you? 865 00:50:18,558 --> 00:50:20,018 Why not? 866 00:50:21,103 --> 00:50:22,354 Why doesn't he? 867 00:50:23,230 --> 00:50:24,690 He can't. 868 00:50:24,815 --> 00:50:26,650 He can't? Why not? 869 00:50:26,775 --> 00:50:28,652 He works. 870 00:50:29,069 --> 00:50:32,197 -What does he do? -He drives. 871 00:50:33,323 --> 00:50:36,535 -What does he drive? -A bus. 872 00:50:36,868 --> 00:50:39,538 -So he can't help you? -No. 873 00:50:40,330 --> 00:50:42,124 Okay, off you go. 874 00:50:42,791 --> 00:50:44,126 Hello. 875 00:50:44,501 --> 00:50:47,546 My son doesn't go to this school, 876 00:50:47,671 --> 00:50:50,132 but I live nearby. 877 00:50:50,549 --> 00:50:53,552 I came to transfer him here. 878 00:50:53,802 --> 00:50:56,680 I heard there was this film 879 00:50:56,805 --> 00:51:00,684 about homework, and I came to talk to you about it. 880 00:51:00,809 --> 00:51:01,935 I'm listening. 881 00:51:02,060 --> 00:51:06,565 I lived abroad for a long time 882 00:51:06,732 --> 00:51:09,735 to study and then to work. 883 00:51:11,903 --> 00:51:14,114 Thanks to my profession, 884 00:51:14,281 --> 00:51:17,242 I've been able to observe other school systems. 885 00:51:17,409 --> 00:51:20,412 In many countries, like the US and Canada, 886 00:51:20,579 --> 00:51:23,123 homework doesn't exist at all. 887 00:51:23,331 --> 00:51:26,126 In other countries where it does, 888 00:51:26,251 --> 00:51:30,088 the focus is on the children's creativity. 889 00:51:30,422 --> 00:51:34,718 Like in England, where it's on painting, crafts, 890 00:51:34,843 --> 00:51:38,805 geographical maps, creative writing. 891 00:51:38,972 --> 00:51:40,932 They don't believe the saying... 892 00:51:41,099 --> 00:51:43,977 "Practice makes perfect." 893 00:51:44,102 --> 00:51:47,272 To be perfect, the child must learn principles. 894 00:51:47,439 --> 00:51:49,566 There's a method and rules. 895 00:51:49,691 --> 00:51:53,320 You have to learn them first and then practice. Nothing more. 896 00:51:53,612 --> 00:51:58,950 In a country like Japan, the tradition of overworking 897 00:51:59,117 --> 00:52:02,245 has raised the suicide rate among students 898 00:52:02,370 --> 00:52:05,999 to such a point that the system was called into question, 899 00:52:06,166 --> 00:52:08,460 and they're changing it, 900 00:52:08,585 --> 00:52:10,295 because it isn't viable. 901 00:52:10,420 --> 00:52:12,130 If you look here, 902 00:52:12,255 --> 00:52:16,301 our children are under intense pressure. 903 00:52:16,885 --> 00:52:20,180 Teachers seem to be taking things out on them, 904 00:52:20,305 --> 00:52:22,349 venting their frustration. 905 00:52:22,516 --> 00:52:26,394 At home, they have to deal with us, their "home teachers," 906 00:52:26,603 --> 00:52:28,814 who have no idea what to do 907 00:52:28,980 --> 00:52:31,149 and have absolutely no training. 908 00:52:31,316 --> 00:52:36,613 So we in turn submit the children to all this pressure. 909 00:52:36,780 --> 00:52:40,492 The result is a passive, fragile, vulnerable generation 910 00:52:40,742 --> 00:52:43,328 exposed to all kinds of pathologies 911 00:52:43,495 --> 00:52:46,498 and psychological problems. 912 00:52:46,623 --> 00:52:49,918 These children grow up in distress. 913 00:52:50,126 --> 00:52:53,129 They're pale and unhappy. 914 00:52:53,338 --> 00:52:55,298 What will become of them? 915 00:52:55,423 --> 00:52:58,635 They'll be a generation 916 00:52:58,802 --> 00:53:01,930 lacking in creativity, able only to reproduce. 917 00:53:02,138 --> 00:53:06,017 And we'll be moving into the 21st century with them. 918 00:53:06,184 --> 00:53:08,854 What strengths will we have? None. 919 00:53:09,229 --> 00:53:14,860 We have to mobilize everyone who can change things. 920 00:53:15,026 --> 00:53:17,279 In my opinion, the educational system... 921 00:53:18,196 --> 00:53:22,868 should abandon these harmful methods 922 00:53:23,034 --> 00:53:25,954 that I'd call medieval. 923 00:53:26,162 --> 00:53:29,332 I mean the current educational system. 924 00:53:29,457 --> 00:53:32,043 Teachers should adopt 925 00:53:32,210 --> 00:53:34,337 a new approach 926 00:53:34,462 --> 00:53:37,048 that stimulates students' creativity 927 00:53:37,173 --> 00:53:39,050 in a measured way. 928 00:53:39,217 --> 00:53:42,387 For their part, parents would be better off 929 00:53:42,554 --> 00:53:46,099 leaving their children alone. 930 00:53:46,266 --> 00:53:49,227 They'd be wrong to try to force them 931 00:53:49,394 --> 00:53:51,521 to do their homework. 932 00:53:51,646 --> 00:53:56,192 The child's resistance is totally natural. 933 00:53:56,318 --> 00:53:58,612 We parents master 934 00:53:58,737 --> 00:54:02,824 neither modern math nor literature, 935 00:54:02,949 --> 00:54:05,619 which are very different from in our day. 936 00:54:05,785 --> 00:54:08,788 We put them under pressure that is counterproductive 937 00:54:08,914 --> 00:54:11,082 and exhausts them. 938 00:54:11,249 --> 00:54:14,002 Children should give free rein... 939 00:54:14,878 --> 00:54:18,256 to their lively, playful nature 940 00:54:18,423 --> 00:54:20,884 to resist this pressure. 941 00:54:21,009 --> 00:54:23,511 They mustn't give in 942 00:54:24,137 --> 00:54:27,265 or bear it passively. 943 00:54:27,390 --> 00:54:29,976 And I'd like to raise another point. 944 00:54:30,977 --> 00:54:34,439 We're faced with a specific situation, 945 00:54:34,606 --> 00:54:38,610 where children are confronted with new programs 946 00:54:38,777 --> 00:54:41,237 in math and literature... 947 00:54:41,947 --> 00:54:45,116 that their parents understand nothing about. 948 00:54:45,533 --> 00:54:48,453 The state has created entities, 949 00:54:48,620 --> 00:54:50,747 teacher training institutes, 950 00:54:50,914 --> 00:54:53,792 to teach these programs to teachers. 951 00:54:54,167 --> 00:54:57,128 But at parent-teacher meetings, 952 00:54:57,295 --> 00:55:02,008 teachers ask parents to work with the children. 953 00:55:02,342 --> 00:55:06,304 The child comes home with a problem 954 00:55:06,471 --> 00:55:10,016 that the parents, mistakenly, think they can solve. 955 00:55:10,183 --> 00:55:13,144 They want to force obsolete knowledge on them. 956 00:55:13,311 --> 00:55:16,272 That provokes conflict between parent and child. 957 00:55:16,439 --> 00:55:19,484 Things get even more complicated 958 00:55:19,651 --> 00:55:22,445 when the other children butt in. 959 00:55:22,570 --> 00:55:24,489 Things get chaotic. 960 00:55:24,656 --> 00:55:27,409 They even start fighting. 961 00:55:27,534 --> 00:55:30,537 In our house there are often dramas 962 00:55:30,662 --> 00:55:34,332 with one trying to explain, another trying to learn. 963 00:55:34,499 --> 00:55:37,002 "But my teacher says something else." 964 00:55:37,168 --> 00:55:39,462 And I understand nothing — 965 00:55:39,587 --> 00:55:43,341 neither my children's various versions nor the teacher's. 966 00:55:43,591 --> 00:55:45,468 What I mean is, 967 00:55:45,593 --> 00:55:48,013 if I'm asked to help, 968 00:55:48,179 --> 00:55:50,890 it's because I'm expected to be competent. 969 00:55:51,016 --> 00:55:54,185 So what's the point of teacher training institutes? 970 00:55:54,352 --> 00:55:57,397 Or else give me training 971 00:55:57,564 --> 00:55:59,315 or materials 972 00:55:59,441 --> 00:56:01,359 that I can refer to. 973 00:56:01,526 --> 00:56:03,611 If you have any questions... 974 00:56:04,112 --> 00:56:08,491 I'd like to know if you and your wife have ever disagreed 975 00:56:08,825 --> 00:56:10,994 about your son. 976 00:56:11,119 --> 00:56:12,871 Many times. 977 00:56:13,038 --> 00:56:17,834 For me, a passing grade is absolutely fine. 978 00:56:18,209 --> 00:56:20,086 Wanting your child 979 00:56:20,211 --> 00:56:24,049 to be the best and get a 20 in everything is nonsense. 980 00:56:24,215 --> 00:56:26,551 My wife would like our son 981 00:56:26,718 --> 00:56:30,972 to be tops in every subject. 982 00:56:31,097 --> 00:56:35,226 He's gifted in music, art, and a bit in math. 983 00:56:35,393 --> 00:56:37,437 Rote learning isn't his thing. 984 00:56:37,604 --> 00:56:40,523 History and civics are hard for him. 985 00:56:40,648 --> 00:56:44,861 Now, all these subjects, including literature, 986 00:56:45,028 --> 00:56:47,739 have a religious aspect. 987 00:56:47,906 --> 00:56:51,659 And it's not just learning by rote. 988 00:56:51,785 --> 00:56:55,080 He has trouble copying the same thing several times. 989 00:56:55,246 --> 00:56:57,624 The teacher asks them to copy twice 990 00:56:57,791 --> 00:57:01,044 all the hard words in the book. 991 00:57:01,169 --> 00:57:04,589 It's like she just wants them out of her hair. 992 00:57:04,714 --> 00:57:07,759 The child loses his intellectual capacities. 993 00:57:07,884 --> 00:57:11,846 I work on math with him in a more suitable way. 994 00:57:11,971 --> 00:57:14,140 He has to learn 995 00:57:14,265 --> 00:57:16,601 to develop his personality. 996 00:57:16,768 --> 00:57:20,605 We should provide him with every means necessary. 997 00:57:20,772 --> 00:57:23,483 The 21st century calls for something else. 998 00:57:23,608 --> 00:57:26,319 In the rest of the world... 999 00:57:27,445 --> 00:57:29,697 students work with computers. 1000 00:57:29,906 --> 00:57:33,451 They play video games from their earliest years. 1001 00:57:33,618 --> 00:57:36,788 Even sport is conceived of for the mind. 1002 00:57:37,122 --> 00:57:39,332 There's a story 1003 00:57:39,457 --> 00:57:42,168 in which an Indian says to an Englishman... 1004 00:57:43,962 --> 00:57:47,465 "Don't give me a fish to eat. 1005 00:57:47,632 --> 00:57:49,676 Teach me to fish." 1006 00:57:49,843 --> 00:57:52,595 We stuff our children with fish 1007 00:57:52,720 --> 00:57:55,431 instead of teaching them to fish, 1008 00:57:55,598 --> 00:57:57,809 instead of teaching them to think. 1009 00:57:57,976 --> 00:58:01,020 Under the current system, 1010 00:58:01,187 --> 00:58:04,315 if they end up learning anything at all, 1011 00:58:04,482 --> 00:58:06,651 it's not to think. 1012 00:58:09,612 --> 00:58:11,489 Pinocchio, I said. 1013 00:58:14,784 --> 00:58:16,452 -That's all? -Yes. 1014 00:58:16,578 --> 00:58:18,663 You don't watch anything else? 1015 00:58:18,872 --> 00:58:20,123 No. 1016 00:58:20,456 --> 00:58:22,458 Was Wonderful World good yesterday? 1017 00:58:22,625 --> 00:58:24,085 Really good. 1018 00:58:26,337 --> 00:58:28,631 Your mother says you're unruly. 1019 00:58:28,756 --> 00:58:30,675 Is that true? -Yes. 1020 00:58:32,385 --> 00:58:34,721 -I don't like it. -What? 1021 00:58:34,929 --> 00:58:36,890 Being unruly. 1022 00:58:37,390 --> 00:58:39,100 So what do you do? 1023 00:58:39,684 --> 00:58:41,853 I sit in a corner 1024 00:58:42,020 --> 00:58:48,026 when the teacher doesn't give homework. 1025 00:58:48,193 --> 00:58:50,486 My sister went to my uncle's. 1026 00:58:51,529 --> 00:58:55,033 She doesn't come to help me. 1027 00:58:56,075 --> 00:58:59,537 Who works with you? 1028 00:59:02,040 --> 00:59:04,709 My big brother... 1029 00:59:05,001 --> 00:59:07,128 Abbas Abedi. 1030 00:59:07,253 --> 00:59:09,547 He helps me. 1031 00:59:09,881 --> 00:59:11,883 Is he nice to you? 1032 00:59:12,008 --> 00:59:13,384 No. 1033 00:59:13,509 --> 00:59:15,011 What does he do? 1034 00:59:16,930 --> 00:59:18,431 He hits me. 1035 00:59:19,224 --> 00:59:22,143 He's in second grade. 1036 00:59:22,268 --> 00:59:24,270 I'm in first. 1037 00:59:24,479 --> 00:59:28,399 How can he help you if he's in second grade? 1038 00:59:28,566 --> 00:59:30,526 And he's not nice either. 1039 00:59:30,693 --> 00:59:33,613 Who else can help you? Your mother? 1040 00:59:33,780 --> 00:59:35,823 My mother can't read. 1041 00:59:39,535 --> 00:59:42,038 -And your father? -My father... 1042 00:59:42,580 --> 00:59:44,415 He can't either. 1043 00:59:45,375 --> 00:59:49,754 When you don't do your homework, are you punished? 1044 00:59:49,921 --> 00:59:51,297 Yes. 1045 00:59:51,839 --> 00:59:53,258 Who punishes you? 1046 00:59:53,424 --> 00:59:54,884 My teacher. 1047 00:59:55,593 --> 00:59:57,845 At home who punishes you? 1048 00:59:59,347 --> 01:00:00,682 My mother. 1049 01:00:01,307 --> 01:00:02,642 How? 1050 01:00:02,976 --> 01:00:04,686 With a belt. 1051 01:00:05,061 --> 01:00:06,771 What does she do? 1052 01:00:06,896 --> 01:00:08,606 She hits me. 1053 01:00:09,899 --> 01:00:11,609 What do you want to be? 1054 01:00:13,319 --> 01:00:14,654 A pilot. 1055 01:00:15,947 --> 01:00:17,240 Why? 1056 01:00:17,573 --> 01:00:19,575 To kill Saddam. 1057 01:00:20,618 --> 01:00:24,080 Saddam has no mercy. He destroys houses. 1058 01:00:25,665 --> 01:00:27,625 He destroys them. 1059 01:00:31,838 --> 01:00:35,591 What if he gets killed before? What will you do? 1060 01:00:54,819 --> 01:00:58,990 People with a heart that doesn't work... 1061 01:00:59,449 --> 01:01:00,825 Yes? 1062 01:01:02,952 --> 01:01:05,830 People whose heart hurts, 1063 01:01:05,997 --> 01:01:10,543 who go to the hospital 1064 01:01:10,710 --> 01:01:12,503 and stay in bed 1065 01:01:12,670 --> 01:01:14,630 to get operated on. 1066 01:01:15,173 --> 01:01:17,842 -You want to operate on them? -Yes. 1067 01:01:18,009 --> 01:01:20,011 So you want to be a doctor? 1068 01:01:20,178 --> 01:01:22,513 A pilot and a doctor too. 1069 01:01:23,348 --> 01:01:25,058 Islam is victorious! 1070 01:01:25,224 --> 01:01:28,186 East and West are vanquished! 1071 01:01:31,564 --> 01:01:33,566 We're not doing anything to you. 1072 01:01:34,025 --> 01:01:35,860 Why are you crying? 1073 01:01:36,819 --> 01:01:38,654 Why? -My friend left. 1074 01:01:38,821 --> 01:01:41,407 -What? -My friend left. 1075 01:01:41,783 --> 01:01:43,201 -Your friend left? -Yes. 1076 01:01:43,368 --> 01:01:45,828 But why are you crying? 1077 01:01:46,746 --> 01:01:47,872 Tell me. 1078 01:01:47,997 --> 01:01:49,874 Bring my friend back. 1079 01:01:50,333 --> 01:01:52,335 -Bring him back? -Yes. 1080 01:01:52,460 --> 01:01:54,629 -You mean Molai? -Yes. 1081 01:01:56,589 --> 01:01:59,550 Molai! Wait there. 1082 01:02:00,551 --> 01:02:03,679 Why are you crying? We're not doing anything. 1083 01:02:03,846 --> 01:02:05,723 Please... 1084 01:02:06,724 --> 01:02:08,893 I want my friend. 1085 01:02:10,061 --> 01:02:11,771 -You want your friend? -Yes. 1086 01:02:11,938 --> 01:02:13,689 You'll see him in a minute. 1087 01:02:13,856 --> 01:02:15,316 No. 1088 01:02:16,275 --> 01:02:19,737 I want him to come back. 1089 01:02:19,904 --> 01:02:22,115 -Who? -Molai. 1090 01:02:26,077 --> 01:02:27,703 Please. 1091 01:02:38,131 --> 01:02:40,258 -Do you want to go? -Yes. 1092 01:02:40,425 --> 01:02:42,218 Go on. 1093 01:02:43,094 --> 01:02:46,139 Molai, why was your friend crying? 1094 01:02:49,225 --> 01:02:53,312 When we were in first grade he was naughty 1095 01:02:53,438 --> 01:02:55,898 and was always getting scolded. 1096 01:02:56,023 --> 01:02:58,109 Ever since then, he's been scared. 1097 01:02:58,276 --> 01:03:00,736 -Who scolded him? -The teacher. 1098 01:03:01,612 --> 01:03:03,614 How was he naughty? 1099 01:03:03,781 --> 01:03:07,869 He didn't study. He misbehaved. 1100 01:03:07,994 --> 01:03:10,955 How did she scold him? 1101 01:03:12,123 --> 01:03:14,542 She hit him with a ruler. 1102 01:03:14,959 --> 01:03:17,795 -Speak up. -She hit him with a ruler. 1103 01:03:18,254 --> 01:03:20,256 How? Tell me. 1104 01:03:24,135 --> 01:03:28,347 Once she hit him so hard the ruler broke. 1105 01:03:28,514 --> 01:03:29,724 I can't hear you. 1106 01:03:29,849 --> 01:03:31,893 The ruler broke. 1107 01:03:32,018 --> 01:03:34,520 Then the teacher said 1108 01:03:34,729 --> 01:03:38,232 she was going to use a stick. 1109 01:03:38,357 --> 01:03:40,485 She hit him with that. 1110 01:03:40,985 --> 01:03:43,321 Now he's scared. 1111 01:03:43,571 --> 01:03:45,573 -Is he always like that? -Yes. 1112 01:03:45,781 --> 01:03:48,451 -What grade are you in? -Second. 1113 01:03:49,035 --> 01:03:50,912 You're in the same class? 1114 01:03:51,037 --> 01:03:53,498 So that's why he's scared? -Yes. 1115 01:03:53,789 --> 01:03:56,334 But we didn't do anything to him. 1116 01:03:56,501 --> 01:03:58,628 We don't have a ruler. 1117 01:03:58,836 --> 01:04:03,090 I don't know why he's always scared. 1118 01:04:04,175 --> 01:04:05,510 Even in class? 1119 01:04:05,676 --> 01:04:08,679 Even the bell frightens him. He starts to cry. 1120 01:04:09,096 --> 01:04:13,017 When the children go outside, he cries. 1121 01:04:13,684 --> 01:04:17,522 At recess, he cries. 1122 01:04:17,688 --> 01:04:20,358 He's always like that? It's not our fault? 1123 01:04:20,816 --> 01:04:21,859 No. 1124 01:04:22,026 --> 01:04:24,362 Why is he scared of us? 1125 01:04:24,529 --> 01:04:26,113 I don't know. 1126 01:04:27,240 --> 01:04:31,702 Maybe he thought you'd hidden a ruler, 1127 01:04:31,869 --> 01:04:35,373 and once the door was closed, you were going to hit him. 1128 01:04:35,498 --> 01:04:37,500 Could you say that louder? 1129 01:04:37,708 --> 01:04:41,546 He thought you'd hidden a ruler, 1130 01:04:41,712 --> 01:04:44,423 and once you'd closed the door, 1131 01:04:44,590 --> 01:04:47,593 you were going to hit him. 1132 01:04:47,760 --> 01:04:50,221 -You don't believe that? -No. 1133 01:04:50,388 --> 01:04:52,348 -You're not scared? -No. 1134 01:04:53,766 --> 01:04:57,395 Blessed be Mohammad 1135 01:04:57,562 --> 01:05:01,649 and those close to Mohammad. 1136 01:05:01,899 --> 01:05:05,987 Children, as you know, these are the Days of Fatima. 1137 01:05:06,904 --> 01:05:08,364 Lady Fatima, 1138 01:05:08,489 --> 01:05:10,449 may God bless her, 1139 01:05:10,616 --> 01:05:12,535 whom we all know, 1140 01:05:12,660 --> 01:05:16,998 the Prophet's oldest daughter and wife of Ali, 1141 01:05:17,123 --> 01:05:20,251 the first imam for us Shi'ites. 1142 01:05:21,836 --> 01:05:24,922 You know the lament I'm going to sing 1143 01:05:25,089 --> 01:05:27,925 to the glory of the martyrs. 1144 01:06:10,593 --> 01:06:12,928 Despite all the efforts 1145 01:06:13,054 --> 01:06:16,641 of those responsible for organizing this ceremony, 1146 01:06:16,932 --> 01:06:21,145 the children's lack of attention and understanding 1147 01:06:21,312 --> 01:06:24,982 prevented it from being carried out with dignity. 1148 01:06:25,441 --> 01:06:27,652 So out of respect 1149 01:06:27,777 --> 01:06:31,697 we thought it better to edit out the sound for this sequence. 1150 01:08:06,917 --> 01:08:09,920 What the teacher told us 1151 01:08:10,087 --> 01:08:15,092 about his lack of work 1152 01:08:15,259 --> 01:08:18,596 and weaknesses in class 1153 01:08:19,930 --> 01:08:22,391 tipped us off. 1154 01:08:22,516 --> 01:08:25,561 I tried, unsuccessfully, to work with him. 1155 01:08:25,936 --> 01:08:31,609 I wasn't familiar with the new methods. 1156 01:08:31,734 --> 01:08:35,780 We were lost. 1157 01:08:35,946 --> 01:08:39,074 And we passed this stress on to our child. 1158 01:08:39,950 --> 01:08:41,827 At school... 1159 01:08:41,952 --> 01:08:46,081 he was considered a bad student. 1160 01:08:46,791 --> 01:08:49,668 And at night we put him under pressure 1161 01:08:49,794 --> 01:08:52,087 to make him improve. 1162 01:08:52,254 --> 01:08:54,256 He wasn't capable. 1163 01:08:54,381 --> 01:08:57,885 He was weak to begin with. 1164 01:08:58,260 --> 01:09:00,846 And he couldn't learn well, 1165 01:09:01,013 --> 01:09:05,184 because we didn't know how to present the material 1166 01:09:05,518 --> 01:09:07,812 in a way he could understand. 1167 01:09:08,145 --> 01:09:12,399 So his anguish got worse day by day. 1168 01:09:13,234 --> 01:09:15,027 To the point... 1169 01:09:15,194 --> 01:09:19,824 that I'd say he thought of me as an aggressor. 1170 01:09:19,990 --> 01:09:23,536 When I'd go to work with him in the bedroom 1171 01:09:23,994 --> 01:09:28,833 so we wouldn't disturb the rest of the family 1172 01:09:28,999 --> 01:09:30,960 with our noise 1173 01:09:31,085 --> 01:09:33,504 and they wouldn't disturb us either, 1174 01:09:33,629 --> 01:09:36,632 I'd close the door, 1175 01:09:36,799 --> 01:09:38,843 and that would distress him. 1176 01:09:39,218 --> 01:09:42,513 But I wasn't doing anything to him. 1177 01:09:42,805 --> 01:09:45,140 We just worked together. 1178 01:09:45,349 --> 01:09:49,562 For example, I'd repeat the phrases out loud, 1179 01:09:49,728 --> 01:09:52,940 but his mind was elsewhere. 1180 01:09:53,649 --> 01:09:56,443 He was waiting for the door to open 1181 01:09:56,902 --> 01:09:59,029 and for someone to come... 1182 01:09:59,196 --> 01:10:01,156 -Protect him. -Exactly. 1183 01:10:01,282 --> 01:10:03,200 To fly to his rescue. 1184 01:10:03,659 --> 01:10:07,079 Here he insisted on his friend being with him 1185 01:10:07,246 --> 01:10:10,291 in order to feel safe with us. 1186 01:10:10,541 --> 01:10:14,628 At home, who protects him and gives him this sense of security? 1187 01:10:14,753 --> 01:10:16,881 -His mother. -She protects him? 1188 01:10:17,006 --> 01:10:18,966 She overprotects him. 1189 01:10:19,091 --> 01:10:22,928 I've scarcely asked him to work harder 1190 01:10:23,095 --> 01:10:25,639 when she says his palms are sweating 1191 01:10:25,764 --> 01:10:27,141 and he's tired. 1192 01:10:27,266 --> 01:10:28,726 Don't you think, 1193 01:10:28,851 --> 01:10:32,855 given your son's state, which you'll see in the film, 1194 01:10:32,980 --> 01:10:35,900 that she's right? 1195 01:10:36,567 --> 01:10:38,110 He was so anguished 1196 01:10:38,235 --> 01:10:40,696 that he didn't understand what we were saying. 1197 01:10:40,821 --> 01:10:44,742 Of course you must be right. 1198 01:10:44,909 --> 01:10:49,079 But we finally reached the conclusion 1199 01:10:49,288 --> 01:10:52,166 that neither my method 1200 01:10:52,291 --> 01:10:56,503 nor his mother's emotional protection were right. 1201 01:10:56,712 --> 01:11:00,257 None of it was helping our child. 1202 01:11:00,382 --> 01:11:02,927 He was just as lost. 1203 01:11:03,093 --> 01:11:05,095 What solution did you find? 1204 01:11:09,141 --> 01:11:13,646 All of that should be done at school. 1205 01:11:15,230 --> 01:11:20,277 All the organization of schedules 1206 01:11:20,778 --> 01:11:24,448 and the number of students should be such 1207 01:11:25,032 --> 01:11:27,660 that they don't need to work at home. 1208 01:11:27,785 --> 01:11:31,246 I'm not saying there shouldn't be homework. 1209 01:11:31,413 --> 01:11:34,792 Learning should be done at school. 1210 01:11:34,959 --> 01:11:39,046 Practice can be done at home, naturally. 1211 01:11:40,005 --> 01:11:43,592 But teaching lessons 1212 01:11:43,717 --> 01:11:46,303 isn't our responsibility. 1213 01:11:46,470 --> 01:11:48,138 Majid, stand there. 1214 01:11:48,847 --> 01:11:51,558 If Molai is here, you won't be scared? 1215 01:11:52,017 --> 01:11:54,311 Molai, stand behind him. 1216 01:11:55,437 --> 01:11:59,483 Look after Majid so he's not scared of us. 1217 01:11:59,650 --> 01:12:01,652 Why are you scared of us? 1218 01:12:02,152 --> 01:12:03,779 I'm not scared. 1219 01:12:04,196 --> 01:12:07,825 If Molai leaves, you won't be scared anymore? 1220 01:12:07,992 --> 01:12:09,326 No? 1221 01:12:09,493 --> 01:12:11,662 Molai, you can go. 1222 01:12:15,958 --> 01:12:17,876 -You're not scared? -No. 1223 01:12:18,002 --> 01:12:19,420 Good boy. 1224 01:12:20,504 --> 01:12:22,756 Why were you scared before? 1225 01:12:26,802 --> 01:12:29,304 I was thinking about something else. 1226 01:12:30,014 --> 01:12:31,974 So you were scared? 1227 01:12:33,809 --> 01:12:35,227 What frightened you? 1228 01:12:35,394 --> 01:12:36,353 Nothing. 1229 01:12:36,520 --> 01:12:38,731 What could we do to you? 1230 01:12:42,818 --> 01:12:44,570 I didn't know. 1231 01:12:45,362 --> 01:12:48,323 What did you think we'd do? 1232 01:12:48,532 --> 01:12:49,825 Nothing. 1233 01:12:49,950 --> 01:12:52,578 Nothing? Then why were you scared? 1234 01:12:57,541 --> 01:13:01,086 If Molai goes behind the door, will you be scared? 1235 01:13:02,379 --> 01:13:03,422 No. 1236 01:13:03,547 --> 01:13:06,175 Shall I tell him to go back to class? 1237 01:13:08,552 --> 01:13:09,803 No. 1238 01:13:11,055 --> 01:13:12,347 Yes. 1239 01:13:12,514 --> 01:13:14,892 Sorry. 1240 01:13:17,352 --> 01:13:18,604 Sorry. 1241 01:13:18,771 --> 01:13:21,231 -Do you want Molai back? -Yes. 1242 01:13:21,398 --> 01:13:23,567 -Don't move. He's coming. -Okay. 1243 01:13:27,362 --> 01:13:29,239 Jahan, tell Molai to come in! 1244 01:13:29,406 --> 01:13:31,033 Stay here. 1245 01:13:37,748 --> 01:13:39,208 Jahan! 1246 01:13:39,333 --> 01:13:41,251 Tell Molai to come in. 1247 01:13:42,044 --> 01:13:44,296 Molai, stand behind him. 1248 01:13:47,091 --> 01:13:49,176 You want him to stay, right? 1249 01:13:49,301 --> 01:13:52,012 Molai, over here. 1250 01:13:53,013 --> 01:13:56,475 There. You're no longer scared? 1251 01:14:06,193 --> 01:14:10,155 But we have to go to religion class. 1252 01:14:10,489 --> 01:14:12,783 -What? -We have religion class. 1253 01:14:13,075 --> 01:14:15,119 A religion test? Did you learn the material? 1254 01:14:15,285 --> 01:14:16,578 No. 1255 01:14:16,703 --> 01:14:18,622 -Not at all? -No. 1256 01:14:18,789 --> 01:14:21,083 Why? Didn't you study? 1257 01:14:21,208 --> 01:14:22,835 I studied. 1258 01:14:23,001 --> 01:14:25,420 -Molai, do you know the lesson? -No. 1259 01:14:25,587 --> 01:14:27,005 You neither? 1260 01:14:27,172 --> 01:14:29,466 Do you know what you'll be tested on? 1261 01:14:29,925 --> 01:14:31,260 No. 1262 01:14:32,719 --> 01:14:35,722 -That's why you want to leave? -Yes. 1263 01:14:35,931 --> 01:14:38,308 Molai goes first, then you. 1264 01:14:39,810 --> 01:14:43,147 No. Me first, then him. 1265 01:14:43,522 --> 01:14:45,149 -You first? -Yes. 1266 01:14:45,274 --> 01:14:49,486 Tell me why you're scared of us and I'll let you go. 1267 01:14:49,653 --> 01:14:51,488 Can you tell me? 1268 01:14:55,325 --> 01:14:59,288 I'm scared of missing religion. 1269 01:14:59,413 --> 01:15:00,831 You'll be tested later. 1270 01:15:03,709 --> 01:15:05,169 Come closer. 1271 01:15:05,335 --> 01:15:06,545 Me? 1272 01:15:09,006 --> 01:15:12,009 Recite a religion lesson for me. 1273 01:15:12,509 --> 01:15:14,970 Can you? 1274 01:15:15,345 --> 01:15:17,598 -Shall I recite "Oh God"? -Yes. 1275 01:15:20,350 --> 01:15:23,270 "Oh God of the beautiful stars 1276 01:15:23,478 --> 01:15:25,772 Oh God of the colorful world 1277 01:15:25,981 --> 01:15:28,358 Oh you who created Venus 1278 01:15:28,525 --> 01:15:31,028 But also the Moon and the Sun 1279 01:15:31,195 --> 01:15:33,572 The mountains, hills, and seas 1280 01:15:33,739 --> 01:15:35,991 The lovely flowering trees 1281 01:15:36,158 --> 01:15:38,368 The butterfly's fine wings 1282 01:15:38,535 --> 01:15:40,954 Nests for the birds 1283 01:15:41,163 --> 01:15:43,582 Joy, play, strength 1284 01:15:43,749 --> 01:15:46,126 Our eyes so we can see 1285 01:15:46,293 --> 01:15:48,712 Snow, rain, heat, cold 1286 01:15:48,879 --> 01:15:51,256 You, Oh God, created it all 1287 01:15:51,423 --> 01:15:54,176 All I desired you gave me 1288 01:15:54,301 --> 01:15:58,180 Fill our hearts with joy" 1289 01:16:01,225 --> 01:16:05,229 Directed and Edited by ABBAS KIAROSTAMI 1290 01:16:07,314 --> 01:16:10,442 Produced by ALI REZA ZARRIN 1291 01:16:13,070 --> 01:16:15,405 Researcher SHOLEH DOWLATABADI 1292 01:16:17,282 --> 01:16:20,744 Cinematography by IRAJ SAFAVI, ALI ASGHAR MIRZAI 1293 01:17:12,629 --> 01:17:16,633 This film was shot in February 1988 at the Martyr Masumi School, Tehran. 1294 01:17:22,139 --> 01:17:28,312 The Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children