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00:00:06,750 --> 00:00:08,083
-(AUDIO FEEDBACK)
-(CLICK)

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00:00:08,166 --> 00:00:11,041
DISPATCHER: (SPEAKING
FOREIGN LANGUAGE ON TAPE)

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-MOHAMMED:
-DISPATCHER:

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MAN: (YELLING)

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(SINGING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE)

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MAN 2:

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DETECTIVE:

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-(SINGING CONTINUES)
-DETECTIVE:

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(SINGING CONCLUDES)

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-♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYS) ♪
-(PROTESTERS CHANTING)

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-(PHONE RINGS)
-FATHER: (SPEAKING ARABIC)

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(CHANTING AMPLIFIES)

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FATHER:

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♪ (INTENSE MUSIC PLAYS) ♪

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FATHER:

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MAN 2:

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DETECTIVE:

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DETECTIVE:

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♪ (MUSIC CONCLUDES) ♪

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( soft violin music )

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( man speaking English )

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This is James Wright Foley,

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an American citizen
of your country.

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The Foley video,
partly the image,

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00:02:12,667 --> 00:02:15,625
but even more
the voice of his captor

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was really shocking
because it was so clearly

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a British London accent.

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Man:
The way that he spoke
into the camera, his demeanor,

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his accent, we'd never seen
anything like this before.

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We then obviously had
a race to find out who he was.

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His size, his hands,
but above all his voice

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made identifying him quite easy.

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It was very distinctive,

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and within hours we had a name

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for that individual,
Mohammed Emwazi.

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Mohammed Emwazi:
You are no longer
fighting an insurgency,

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we are an Islamic army
and a state.

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Woman:
You saw a masked man
with a knife,

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00:02:54,375 --> 00:02:58,166
and he sent this message that
the Islamic State was here,

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it was not Al-Qaeda,
everyone knew about Al-Qaeda,

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but ISIS, Al-Baghdadi,
these guys were different,

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they were this new brand.

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Man:
The Islamic State could not
have planned it any better,

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if there was one thing
that I think contributed

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to the rise of his fame
and the expansion
of his own message,

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was the fact that
the international news media

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called him "Jihadi John."

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Man 2:
Jihadi John, he knows
that we're coming after him,

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he went to great lengths
to prevent being captured.

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He didn't want to get captured,

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he didn't want to get killed.

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How did you go
from this conservative,

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sports-loving teenager
to somebody who's splashed

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with the arterial blood
of the men he's beheading?

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This is not just
a subtle transformation,

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this is literally
going from nothing

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to everything
with little in between.

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( soft violin music )

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00:04:07,166 --> 00:04:09,959
( bombs exploding )

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( bomb exploding )

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( bomb exploding )

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Woman:
Mohammed Emwazi,
he had an interesting journey,

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but not one that's particularly
different to other people.

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He started off in Kuwait

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where his family were
a persecuted minority.

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They were known
as the Bedoon tribe

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with people who were not
recognized nationally

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by the Kuwaiti government.

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Man:
His father was more
successful than most Bedoon

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because his father
was a police officer

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and his mother was a Yemeni.

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So, the Emwazis,
like lots of Bedoon,

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were considering where to go

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in terms of escaping
the persecution,

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and they'd heard
good stories about London.

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So the Emwazis
with little Mohammed in 1993,

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when he was about
six years old,
packed their bags

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and headed for London.

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And they were then subsequently
given asylum in the UK.

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Robert Verkaik:
They moved into
a small flat in Maida Vale.

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His father, Jassem,
he began work as a cab driver

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and they began to
build a family.

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For Mohammed,
his first school

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was a Church of England
primary school.

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Dr. Emman El-Badawy:
And Emwazi spent
his life growing up

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as somebody who I guess
was always wondering

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about his identity,

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someone who's family had
to leave their home country

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because of their identity,

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and then subsequently
trying to figure out

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how he fits into this new
society in the heart of the UK.

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Verkaik:
He supported Manchester United,

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but he also liked pop
groups like S Club 7.

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♪ There's people try
to put your down ♪

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♪ Just walk on by,
don't turn around ♪

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♪ You only have to
answer to yourself ♪

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Verkaik:
In his year book
at primary school

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he said his big dream was to be

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a Manchester United
football player.

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It's all he wanted to do.

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Woman:
Mohammed was in year 10
when I started as Head.

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He wasn't a particularly
noticeable young person.

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( children chattering )

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Woman 2:
I met Mohammed through teaching
English for about a year,

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so I didn't teach
him for very long,

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but the family I grew
to know really well

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because his younger sister
was then in my next year group.

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He wasn't vocal, he wasn't
particularly aggressive,

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he was just a kind of,
like a passenger.

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I always see Mohammed
as like a passenger.

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He was much more of a follower
than he was a leader.

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He kind of hunched and tried
to make eye contact with me.

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He found that difficult.

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He often walked around
covering his mouth

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and sometimes some young
boys would tease him

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about his breath,
but that was, I think,

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it was more of
an insecurity for him.

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Verkaik:
If kids starting baiting him
about his breath, he'd react.

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They'd start ganging up on him

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and they knew which buttons
to press with Emwazi.

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It just shows how kind
of vulnerable he was.

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He was slightly strange.

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I wouldn't say he was a misfit.

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I think that's probably
a bit too pejorative,

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but I think he wasn't
necessarily sure

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exactly where he fitted in.

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On the playing field where
the boys would play football,

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I remember one time
I confiscated the ball

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because I was being
hit every second.

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At one point,
Mohammed was nearby,

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and I kind of looked at him.

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"Wasn't me miss."

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I said,
"Okay, just move on."

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He wasn't argumentative,
he wasn't rude,

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he wasn't aggressive.

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He just was very pliable,
he just would... just be.

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( speaking in foreign language )

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Have you finished every level?

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Sorry.

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( speaking in foreign language )

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Claudia Giarruso:
But the few occasions

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I would take the class
into the computer room,

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Mohammed would gravitate
to those computers.

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He would love to be
in the computer room

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and it's almost
like he came alive

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when he was in
front of a screen.

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In away it was kind of a world
that he could escape to.

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Man:
I think it is useful
to begin at the beginning,

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00:09:05,834 --> 00:09:10,458
you know, where did
ISIS actually begin?

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El-Badawy:
Prior to 2010,

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no one knew who this
guy called Al-Badri was.

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He was this unassuming
individual brought up
in Samarra,

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east of the Tigris in Iraq,

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and he buried himself in
religious text and scripture.

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He was obsessed
with the debates

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and disputes around
the contemporary called jihad.

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He was essentially a bookworm.

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Al-Badri later changed
his name to Al-Baghdadi.

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But he'd also come into
contact in the early 2000s

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with a notorious member of
Al-Qaeda called Zarqawi.

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( speaking in foreign language )

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Zarqawi, a very effective,
charismatic, superior leader.

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Zarqawi was a master of
the management of violence.

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- ( gun exploding )
- ( bombs exploding )

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So he led the insurgency
against the coalition

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and Zarqawi ended up
pioneering the business model

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of suicide bombers.

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- ( bombs exploding )
- ( sirens whirring )

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And with the Islamist views
that Al-Baghdadi had developed,

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combined with the views
that Zarqawi communicated,

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he became
incredibly influenced.

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Baghdadi was well placed
to network and recruit

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for Al-Qaeda and particularly
Zarqawi's version of Al-Qaeda.

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And so, I see a distinct
difference between the two.

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Zarqawi had a plan and he
ruthlessly executed that plan,

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whereas Al-Baghdadi had a
vision for what he wanted to do

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and a vision has
a longer-term timeline

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and it has a broader set of
aspirations and expectations.

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( upbeat techno music )

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00:11:13,208 --> 00:11:15,875
( train whirling )

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00:11:18,917 --> 00:11:22,291
As Emwazi progresses
through his teenage years

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00:11:22,375 --> 00:11:24,834
he's drinking, his friends
say he loves clubbing,

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00:11:24,917 --> 00:11:26,500
he's smoking cannabis.

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He's got a reputation for
being a bit of a party animal.

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00:11:33,041 --> 00:11:35,959
Shuter:
So, my perception of him once
he got into the sixth form,

186
00:11:36,041 --> 00:11:38,625
and he-- obviously he wanted
to go to university,

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but he did become less
willing to fit in.

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The level of defiance
in him grew,

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and I remember occasions when
he was asked to leave lessons

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because he just wasn't working.

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Verkaik:
Some of his older friends
in the community

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00:11:55,709 --> 00:11:57,709
are part of street gangs.

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00:11:57,792 --> 00:11:59,625
This is another theme
in Emwazi's life.

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00:11:59,709 --> 00:12:02,333
He's very much
influenced by older men.

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00:12:02,417 --> 00:12:04,417
So, all key figures in his life

196
00:12:04,500 --> 00:12:07,709
tend to be people
who he can look up to

197
00:12:07,792 --> 00:12:10,625
and some of the gang members
were involved in crime,

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00:12:10,709 --> 00:12:13,750
one or two served
jail terms for stealing bikes,

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00:12:13,834 --> 00:12:15,125
drugs offenses.

200
00:12:15,208 --> 00:12:19,125
Emwazi himself was
arrested and put on trial

201
00:12:19,208 --> 00:12:21,625
for a string of bike robberies.

202
00:12:21,709 --> 00:12:23,625
He was eventually
acquitted of that,

203
00:12:23,709 --> 00:12:26,834
but by association
he was being drawn into

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00:12:26,917 --> 00:12:29,125
this kind of crime lifestyle.

205
00:12:33,625 --> 00:12:36,750
Shuter:
He was part of
a very supportive,

206
00:12:36,834 --> 00:12:41,500
inclusive school environment
and going on to university

207
00:12:41,583 --> 00:12:44,834
a lot of those kinds of support
structures are withdrawn

208
00:12:44,917 --> 00:12:47,417
and I think that for any
vulnerable young person

209
00:12:47,500 --> 00:12:50,917
being part of a very big
faceless university community

210
00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:54,000
is where some of those
issues would have set in.

211
00:13:00,667 --> 00:13:03,750
Like we've said, he was one of
those invisible young people

212
00:13:03,834 --> 00:13:06,000
that we assume
everything is okay,

213
00:13:07,709 --> 00:13:09,959
and in hindsight it
obviously wasn't.

214
00:13:12,917 --> 00:13:15,458
( speaking in foreign language )

215
00:13:15,542 --> 00:13:18,625
If you try to look at
the physical origins

216
00:13:18,709 --> 00:13:21,208
of the Islamic State
as a fighting force,

217
00:13:21,291 --> 00:13:24,750
the seeds were sown in
places like Camp Bucca,

218
00:13:24,834 --> 00:13:26,458
News reporter:
This is a new frontline

219
00:13:26,542 --> 00:13:29,458
in the fight against
terrorism, Camp Bucca,

220
00:13:29,542 --> 00:13:33,291
the United States biggest
detention facility in Iraq.

221
00:13:33,375 --> 00:13:38,792
Inside Camp Bucca
there are more than
19,000 civilian detainees.

222
00:13:38,875 --> 00:13:41,959
They are neither criminals,
nor prisoners of war.

223
00:13:42,041 --> 00:13:45,792
Wise:
There's a significant amount
of mystery about Baghdadi

224
00:13:45,875 --> 00:13:47,917
and the circumstances
of his life

225
00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:50,917
that ultimately resulted
in him being incarcerated

226
00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:52,667
in Camp Bucca.

227
00:13:52,750 --> 00:13:57,458
He knew that the best way for
him to survive in that camp

228
00:13:57,542 --> 00:14:02,375
was to take on the persona of
a senior respected individual

229
00:14:02,458 --> 00:14:03,875
in the camp community

230
00:14:03,959 --> 00:14:07,834
by gaining the trust
of the US military.

231
00:14:07,917 --> 00:14:10,375
When I took over
command of the surge

232
00:14:10,458 --> 00:14:13,291
as a four star in early 2007,

233
00:14:13,375 --> 00:14:15,333
it was quickly apparent to me

234
00:14:15,417 --> 00:14:18,417
that this was
almost a terrorist
training university.

235
00:14:18,500 --> 00:14:21,125
We had failed to remove
the true extremists

236
00:14:21,208 --> 00:14:23,458
from the midst
of the population

237
00:14:23,542 --> 00:14:25,166
where they were proselytizing

238
00:14:25,250 --> 00:14:30,500
and essentially running
these particular areas.

239
00:14:30,583 --> 00:14:32,417
General David Petraeus:
These are all Al-Qaeda,

240
00:14:32,500 --> 00:14:34,667
but this is not a place
that you want to hang around

241
00:14:34,750 --> 00:14:36,792
so we really don't wanna
stand here that much longer

242
00:14:36,875 --> 00:14:38,500
because they will now
organize around us

243
00:14:38,583 --> 00:14:40,834
and you can already see
the lieutenant's ready to move.

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00:14:40,917 --> 00:14:43,500
- Man: If you go back just.
- Petraeus: Yep.

245
00:14:43,583 --> 00:14:46,542
Petraeus:
Look at them think, look at them
put two and two together.

246
00:14:46,625 --> 00:14:49,333
They are watching,
when I'm looking at them here,

247
00:14:49,417 --> 00:14:51,375
it's just like they are watching
really, really carefully.

248
00:14:51,458 --> 00:14:53,041
Petraeus:
I know, I know that,
and not only that,

249
00:14:53,125 --> 00:14:54,375
there's another unique matter,

250
00:14:54,458 --> 00:14:56,166
notice how because they
are a collective society

251
00:14:56,250 --> 00:14:57,542
they don't think alone.

252
00:14:57,625 --> 00:15:00,875
They're thinking
on groups of three to five

253
00:15:00,959 --> 00:15:03,041
with somebody else
standing behind asking them

254
00:15:03,125 --> 00:15:05,709
to ask the question
so he doesn't get identified.

255
00:15:05,792 --> 00:15:08,375
Inside a compound like this,
there are leaders.

256
00:15:08,458 --> 00:15:10,709
We don't know yet who they are.

257
00:15:10,792 --> 00:15:14,041
Wise:
Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi,
clearly understood

258
00:15:14,125 --> 00:15:16,583
not being a warrior himself

259
00:15:16,667 --> 00:15:20,875
that he could in fact
lead and manage warriors.

260
00:15:20,959 --> 00:15:24,917
So, this was the laboratory
in which his culture was grown.

261
00:15:25,000 --> 00:15:29,417
You had an alienated
group of Iraqi officers

262
00:15:29,500 --> 00:15:33,000
mixing with some
extremist elements

263
00:15:33,083 --> 00:15:34,333
that were already there.

264
00:15:34,417 --> 00:15:37,583
The two came together in
a sort of symbiotic way

265
00:15:37,667 --> 00:15:41,250
that over time, because this
didn't happen overnight,

266
00:15:41,333 --> 00:15:43,667
a lot of these
relationships were formed,

267
00:15:43,750 --> 00:15:45,834
but didn't flourish
for a number of years

268
00:15:45,917 --> 00:15:48,542
until suddenly there was
a marriage of convenience

269
00:15:48,625 --> 00:15:50,125
and they fired each other up.

270
00:15:50,208 --> 00:15:53,875
When he was released for
cooperative and good behavior

271
00:15:53,959 --> 00:15:56,166
from Camp Bucca, he continued

272
00:15:56,250 --> 00:15:59,792
to manage the persona
of a good Iraqi citizen.

273
00:15:59,875 --> 00:16:02,667
He hid literally
in plain sight.

274
00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:05,583
Petraeus:
The days of Zarqawi are over...

275
00:16:05,667 --> 00:16:10,792
and now Iraqis can
rejoice and take pride

276
00:16:10,875 --> 00:16:13,959
in what has been accomplished
in eliminating that threat.

277
00:16:14,041 --> 00:16:18,375
Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi
used that timeframe

278
00:16:18,458 --> 00:16:21,291
between the death of Zarqawi

279
00:16:21,375 --> 00:16:23,417
and the destruction
of Al-Qaeda in Iraq

280
00:16:23,500 --> 00:16:27,125
to exploit the relationships
that he had made in the camp

281
00:16:27,208 --> 00:16:30,792
and consolidate
his infrastructure and

282
00:16:30,875 --> 00:16:35,875
in a position to declare the
existence of the Islamic State.

283
00:16:43,583 --> 00:16:46,291
Verkaik:
Mohammed Emwazi turned up
at Westminster,

284
00:16:46,375 --> 00:16:47,709
and he was wearing

285
00:16:47,792 --> 00:16:51,500
a Pittsburgh Pirates
baseball cap and tracksuit.

286
00:16:51,583 --> 00:16:54,208
There was nothing really
Islamic about him.

287
00:16:54,291 --> 00:16:56,125
Man:
So, he started in 2006,

288
00:16:56,208 --> 00:16:59,375
a normal teenage lad
with normal aspirations.

289
00:16:59,458 --> 00:17:01,750
but something happened over
the intervening three years.

290
00:17:01,834 --> 00:17:04,041
We'd had reporting on him

291
00:17:04,125 --> 00:17:07,166
during some of his
later university years

292
00:17:07,250 --> 00:17:09,166
that he was becoming
more extreme.

293
00:17:09,250 --> 00:17:13,208
It's likely the strongest
influence on Emwazi at that time

294
00:17:13,291 --> 00:17:15,166
were two specific individuals.

295
00:17:15,250 --> 00:17:18,959
Mohammed Sakr who had also
been to the same school,

296
00:17:19,041 --> 00:17:22,750
but three years older than
Emwazi had already been to
Kenya,

297
00:17:22,834 --> 00:17:26,709
he'd been arrested,
he had lots of stories to tell

298
00:17:26,792 --> 00:17:30,041
about how he was leading
this really exciting life.

299
00:17:30,125 --> 00:17:33,083
- ( guns exploding )
- ( singing in
foreign language )

300
00:17:33,166 --> 00:17:34,792
As charismatic as Sakr was,

301
00:17:34,875 --> 00:17:37,750
his friend,
a guy called Bilal Berjawi,

302
00:17:37,834 --> 00:17:41,000
he'd also been to Kenya,
he'd been arrested,

303
00:17:41,083 --> 00:17:44,709
he'd been accused of
being involved in terrorism.

304
00:17:44,792 --> 00:17:47,709
He had double the charisma,
he had double the stories.

305
00:17:47,792 --> 00:17:49,500
And it's become
increasingly apparent

306
00:17:49,583 --> 00:17:53,333
that radicalization isn't
something for lonely people.

307
00:17:53,417 --> 00:17:56,750
There's a strong social
process that happens.

308
00:17:56,834 --> 00:18:01,041
What started off as him just
being a difficult teenager,

309
00:18:01,125 --> 00:18:04,208
doing lots of
delinquent activity

310
00:18:04,291 --> 00:18:08,083
to becoming actually someone
who wanted to redeem himself

311
00:18:08,166 --> 00:18:12,375
and return back to his
original Islamic identity

312
00:18:12,458 --> 00:18:14,542
and practice it more wholly.

313
00:18:14,625 --> 00:18:18,667
A very insightful story from one
of his old school friends

314
00:18:18,750 --> 00:18:22,166
who was sitting in a shisha bar
on the Edgeware Road

315
00:18:22,250 --> 00:18:24,667
and Emwazi and two associates

316
00:18:24,750 --> 00:18:28,083
were walking down
the Edgeware Road
in their white robes

317
00:18:28,166 --> 00:18:32,583
and the friend says to Emwazi,
"Hi Mohammad, how are you?"

318
00:18:32,667 --> 00:18:34,083
This is a new Emwazi.

319
00:18:34,166 --> 00:18:36,667
He doesn't acknowledge
old friends anymore.

320
00:18:36,750 --> 00:18:41,125
He walked past
with his head in the air.

321
00:18:41,208 --> 00:18:43,041
This was, he'd moved on.

322
00:18:43,125 --> 00:18:48,542
( train clanging )

323
00:18:54,667 --> 00:18:57,959
Man:
There are similarities
between a criminal lifestyle

324
00:18:58,041 --> 00:18:59,959
and recruitment for jihad.

325
00:19:00,041 --> 00:19:01,667
So everyone's looking
for a sense of purpose

326
00:19:01,750 --> 00:19:04,500
and meaning and
significance in life

327
00:19:04,583 --> 00:19:07,166
and the jihadist
milieu presents itself

328
00:19:07,250 --> 00:19:09,083
as a David versus
Goliath mentality

329
00:19:09,166 --> 00:19:10,750
for those that
are disenfranchised.

330
00:19:10,834 --> 00:19:13,166
We give a family to those
that never had a family before.

331
00:19:13,250 --> 00:19:16,125
Prisons have becoming breeding
grounds for recruitment,

332
00:19:16,208 --> 00:19:18,166
for the very reason that
it's very easy to take someone

333
00:19:18,250 --> 00:19:20,625
who has an affiliation
with a gang and convince them

334
00:19:20,709 --> 00:19:23,291
that they should act out
and lash out against
their society

335
00:19:23,375 --> 00:19:24,792
because they already have that.

336
00:19:24,875 --> 00:19:27,333
You present Islam as
an ability to transform that

337
00:19:27,417 --> 00:19:28,834
into something
powerful and positive.

338
00:19:28,917 --> 00:19:32,000
It gives structure
where there was none

339
00:19:32,083 --> 00:19:34,417
and it can be very
beneficial at first.

340
00:19:34,500 --> 00:19:38,041
They start to go to school,
they start to associate
with positive religious friends.

341
00:19:38,125 --> 00:19:40,625
Their interest in reading
and studying changes,

342
00:19:40,709 --> 00:19:42,667
but it's really part and parcel

343
00:19:42,750 --> 00:19:45,250
of that first step
into extremism.

344
00:19:45,333 --> 00:19:46,792
It is a major tool
for recruitment

345
00:19:46,875 --> 00:19:48,417
'cause you're selling
a complete lifestyle

346
00:19:48,500 --> 00:19:49,834
in the same way
that a gang sells

347
00:19:49,917 --> 00:19:51,667
a complete
countercultural lifestyle.

348
00:19:51,750 --> 00:19:54,625
You're selling
a countercultural,
gang-like lifestyle.

349
00:19:54,709 --> 00:19:56,750
And so the two
correlate rather well.

350
00:19:56,834 --> 00:19:59,709
( clock ticking )

351
00:20:01,583 --> 00:20:05,166
Verkaik:
Having left university in 2009,

352
00:20:05,250 --> 00:20:06,667
they cast their eyes
around the world

353
00:20:06,750 --> 00:20:10,542
and the region
they land on is Somalia

354
00:20:10,625 --> 00:20:14,667
because Somalia is in the grip
of an Islamic revolution.

355
00:20:14,750 --> 00:20:16,792
Somalia was
the only jihad in town

356
00:20:16,875 --> 00:20:19,041
as far as they were concerned.

357
00:20:19,125 --> 00:20:20,667
Looking at it from his eyes,

358
00:20:20,750 --> 00:20:23,792
all he wants to do
is go and take part

359
00:20:23,875 --> 00:20:28,041
in what he would describe
as a humanitarian mission.

360
00:20:28,125 --> 00:20:32,500
He thinks that going to join
an Islamist group in Somalia

361
00:20:32,583 --> 00:20:35,542
is like working
with children in crisis.

362
00:20:35,625 --> 00:20:37,250
You know, conveniently
ignores the fact

363
00:20:37,333 --> 00:20:39,166
that Al-Shabaab,
they've been involved

364
00:20:39,250 --> 00:20:42,000
in a number of terror
atrocities already,

365
00:20:42,083 --> 00:20:43,875
they've got blood
on their hands,

366
00:20:43,959 --> 00:20:48,458
they are a hugely destabilizing
force in the region.

367
00:20:55,333 --> 00:20:59,500
March 2009, Emwazi teamed
up with a couple of friends

368
00:20:59,583 --> 00:21:02,500
and they set off to Tanzania

369
00:21:02,583 --> 00:21:05,917
where they said they
were going to go on safari.

370
00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:09,333
( plane engine whooshing )

371
00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:20,083
Walton:
I know and we know,
we were running operations

372
00:21:20,166 --> 00:21:23,083
against West London
Islamists at the time

373
00:21:23,166 --> 00:21:25,959
and we were fully aware
of their intentions,

374
00:21:26,041 --> 00:21:28,542
which were not
to go to a safari.

375
00:21:37,083 --> 00:21:39,917
Verkaik:
When they arrived
in Dar es Salaam,

376
00:21:40,000 --> 00:21:44,125
they were
greeted by the Tanzanian
Security Services.

377
00:21:44,208 --> 00:21:49,125
They were locked up
for the night,
subject to beatings,

378
00:21:49,208 --> 00:21:51,208
generally roughed
up you might say,

379
00:21:54,500 --> 00:21:57,750
and we know all this because
of Emwazi's own accounts

380
00:21:57,834 --> 00:21:59,834
of what happened to him.

381
00:21:59,917 --> 00:22:02,000
( Mohammed Emwazi speaking )

382
00:22:27,875 --> 00:22:31,750
They went back via Amsterdam,
when they arrived at Amsterdam,

383
00:22:31,834 --> 00:22:35,333
they were met again by
security service officers

384
00:22:35,417 --> 00:22:39,500
from both the Dutch
security service and MI5.

385
00:22:39,583 --> 00:22:40,750
( Mohammed Emwazi speaking )

386
00:22:58,041 --> 00:23:01,291
Verkaik:
He was quizzed in Amsterdam
for 12 or so hours.

387
00:23:01,375 --> 00:23:04,625
On his return to Dover
he was further questioned

388
00:23:04,709 --> 00:23:06,834
by British Security Services.

389
00:23:06,917 --> 00:23:08,542
Walton:
We made approaches to him,

390
00:23:08,625 --> 00:23:11,000
we wanted to give him the
opportunity to work for us

391
00:23:11,083 --> 00:23:14,959
and to actually desist
from becoming a terrorist.

392
00:23:15,041 --> 00:23:17,417
( Mohammed Emwazi speaking )

393
00:23:30,959 --> 00:23:32,458
They rammed home this idea

394
00:23:32,542 --> 00:23:35,667
that life could become
uncomfortable for him

395
00:23:35,750 --> 00:23:38,792
unless of course he wanted
to cooperate with them.

396
00:23:38,875 --> 00:23:41,959
Perhaps let us know what some
of your friends are up to.

397
00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:45,625
To Emwazi this was
a red rag to a bull.

398
00:23:45,709 --> 00:23:48,500
This is not something
that he's prepared to do.

399
00:23:48,583 --> 00:23:52,000
It's an ultimate betrayal of
everything that he has become.

400
00:23:52,083 --> 00:23:54,291
( Mohammed Emwazi speaking )

401
00:24:13,500 --> 00:24:17,417
The challenge for the service
in the context of Jihadi
John is understanding

402
00:24:17,500 --> 00:24:19,750
how his mental state is evolving

403
00:24:19,834 --> 00:24:21,750
because there's lots
going on in his life,

404
00:24:21,834 --> 00:24:24,917
lots of traumatic events that
would be traumatic to anybody

405
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:29,959
let alone somebody who's
already got a sense
of persecution by the state.

406
00:24:30,041 --> 00:24:32,291
If there's any suggestion at all

407
00:24:32,375 --> 00:24:35,041
that it may have
the opposite effect,

408
00:24:35,125 --> 00:24:37,125
then the recruitment
ought not to take place.

409
00:24:37,208 --> 00:24:40,333
Walton:
There's always a risk when
you make these approaches

410
00:24:40,417 --> 00:24:44,208
and the chances of
success are in any event

411
00:24:44,291 --> 00:24:47,750
fairly minimal,
but you can't not do them.

412
00:24:47,834 --> 00:24:50,208
You have to give
an individual an opportunity

413
00:24:50,291 --> 00:24:51,625
to not go down that path.

414
00:24:51,709 --> 00:24:53,041
But we've got to be careful.

415
00:24:53,125 --> 00:24:58,750
There's a nature/nurture
debate within that.

416
00:24:58,834 --> 00:25:03,417
Was he always likely to carry
out that kind of activity

417
00:25:03,500 --> 00:25:06,417
or did he carry out that
activity just because
he was approached.

418
00:25:06,500 --> 00:25:09,875
I think it's unlikely
that was the turning point.

419
00:25:09,959 --> 00:25:13,834
Emwazi now had something
to tell his friends.

420
00:25:13,917 --> 00:25:15,834
He'd been stopped by the cops.

421
00:25:15,917 --> 00:25:17,709
He'd been insulted,
he would say,

422
00:25:17,792 --> 00:25:19,250
by the security services.

423
00:25:19,333 --> 00:25:22,250
He'd received
a beating in Tanzania.

424
00:25:22,333 --> 00:25:25,125
You can imagine how proud
he was, he'd come of age.

425
00:25:25,208 --> 00:25:27,792
He was a serious
jihadi player now.

426
00:25:42,083 --> 00:25:45,291
El-Badawy:
I mean in my line of work,
I remember monitoring Al-Qaeda

427
00:25:45,375 --> 00:25:47,792
and by chance happened
to track

428
00:25:47,875 --> 00:25:49,834
the rumblings
of another group,

429
00:25:49,917 --> 00:25:52,375
another sort of
fringe organization

430
00:25:52,458 --> 00:25:54,917
that had sprouted
from old Al-Qaeda in Iraq.

431
00:25:55,000 --> 00:25:57,542
Baghdadi had spent much
of 2010 building a network

432
00:25:57,625 --> 00:26:01,542
of veteran jihadists who had
been running the course of time

433
00:26:01,625 --> 00:26:04,041
to find the next big conflict.

434
00:26:04,125 --> 00:26:06,291
( bombs exploding )

435
00:26:06,375 --> 00:26:08,083
News reporter:
As the Syrian struggle
intensifies,

436
00:26:08,166 --> 00:26:10,417
the battle to remove
the Assad regime

437
00:26:10,500 --> 00:26:13,959
is pulling in volunteer
fighters from across
the Arab world.

438
00:26:15,542 --> 00:26:18,500
But the chaos unleashed by
the uprising has also drawn in

439
00:26:18,583 --> 00:26:21,834
foreign jihadists,
Islamic extremists,

440
00:26:21,917 --> 00:26:23,500
some believed to be
affiliated to Al-Qaeda.

441
00:26:23,583 --> 00:26:24,875
( speaking in foreign language )

442
00:26:25,000 --> 00:26:28,709
And Abu Akbar Al-Baghdadi
saw an opportunity

443
00:26:28,792 --> 00:26:31,500
and so he dispatched
an operative named

444
00:26:31,583 --> 00:26:33,667
Al-Julani to Syria,

445
00:26:33,750 --> 00:26:36,875
and Al-Julani created
the Jabhat al-Nusra,

446
00:26:36,959 --> 00:26:40,667
which was the initial extreme
Islamic presence in Syria.

447
00:26:40,750 --> 00:26:42,667
News reporter:
So far, US support
for the rebels

448
00:26:42,750 --> 00:26:45,083
has been limited to
non-lethal assistance,

449
00:26:45,166 --> 00:26:48,125
communications equipment,
humanitarian aid,

450
00:26:48,208 --> 00:26:49,667
but no weapons.

451
00:26:49,750 --> 00:26:51,458
Arming a fragmented opposition

452
00:26:51,542 --> 00:26:54,208
that has some extremist
elements carries a risk,

453
00:26:54,291 --> 00:26:57,792
analysts say, but so does
staying on the side lines.

454
00:26:57,875 --> 00:27:00,333
What we've done
in the case of Syria

455
00:27:00,417 --> 00:27:02,542
is just enough
to keep the war alive,

456
00:27:02,625 --> 00:27:04,750
but never enough
to allow it to be won.

457
00:27:04,834 --> 00:27:09,041
We never provided the support
for the moderate elements

458
00:27:09,125 --> 00:27:12,959
of this uprising, and it was
the more extreme elements

459
00:27:13,041 --> 00:27:15,792
that were pursuing
the bolder action.

460
00:27:15,875 --> 00:27:17,792
El-Badawy:
Jabhat al-Nusra
started to embed themselves

461
00:27:17,875 --> 00:27:20,500
within the rebel forces
in Syria and this was at a time

462
00:27:20,583 --> 00:27:22,208
when a lot of Rebel groups,

463
00:27:22,291 --> 00:27:23,750
whether they were
Islamists or not,

464
00:27:23,834 --> 00:27:25,417
they were pretty disorganized

465
00:27:25,500 --> 00:27:28,083
and so any level of
organization filled a vacuum,

466
00:27:28,166 --> 00:27:29,667
and Baghdadi
was ready to do that

467
00:27:29,750 --> 00:27:32,792
because of the work
he'd been doing since 2010.

468
00:27:32,875 --> 00:27:37,458
What Baghdadi built
in Syria swept back in to

469
00:27:37,542 --> 00:27:40,208
first western Iraq
drawing strength and money

470
00:27:40,291 --> 00:27:43,792
and ammunition and explosives
and vehicles and so forth.

471
00:27:43,875 --> 00:27:46,333
This was a terrorist army

472
00:27:46,417 --> 00:27:49,083
and they spread through
Iraq really like a cancer,

473
00:27:49,166 --> 00:27:51,709
and they move through
the Sunni portions of Iraq.

474
00:27:51,792 --> 00:27:53,917
They get dangerously
close to Baghdad,

475
00:27:54,000 --> 00:27:56,834
News reporter:
The Iraqi government
is losing control.

476
00:27:56,917 --> 00:27:59,750
This is happening
with unbelievable speed.

477
00:27:59,834 --> 00:28:01,750
A violent Islamic
group has launched

478
00:28:01,834 --> 00:28:03,709
something of an invasion.

479
00:28:03,792 --> 00:28:06,417
News reporter:
A Sunni Islamic terror group
formed last year

480
00:28:06,500 --> 00:28:09,834
after being expelled from
Al-Qaeda for being too radical.

481
00:28:09,917 --> 00:28:11,500
But who are they?

482
00:28:11,583 --> 00:28:13,875
They're the Islamic
State in Iraq and Syria,

483
00:28:13,959 --> 00:28:15,709
I-S-I-S for short.

484
00:28:15,792 --> 00:28:18,750
Petraeus:
And so you have ultimately
tens of thousands

485
00:28:18,834 --> 00:28:22,166
of disenchanted Muslims
who come to rise up

486
00:28:22,250 --> 00:28:26,000
in this very twisted
interpretation of Islam

487
00:28:26,083 --> 00:28:30,250
that is propagated by a leader
with extraordinary vision

488
00:28:30,333 --> 00:28:32,750
and quite extraordinary
operational skills

489
00:28:32,834 --> 00:28:35,417
and this is, of course,
Al-Baghdadi.

490
00:28:35,500 --> 00:28:38,625
The latest reports are
that police forces in Mosul

491
00:28:38,709 --> 00:28:41,959
were taking off their uniforms,
laying down their guns
and leaving.

492
00:28:42,041 --> 00:28:43,583
News reporter:
There is a video

493
00:28:43,667 --> 00:28:45,333
that has been released
by this group ISIS

494
00:28:45,417 --> 00:28:48,583
that shows what seems
to be a very grisly massacre

495
00:28:48,667 --> 00:28:52,709
about 150 Iraqi soldiers
lined up, executed.

496
00:28:52,792 --> 00:28:57,417
The ISIS guys are effectively,
using medieval warfare ethics.

497
00:28:57,500 --> 00:28:59,250
Of course, human society
has moved on

498
00:28:59,333 --> 00:29:02,667
in the ensuing centuries
and now we don't kill prisoners

499
00:29:02,750 --> 00:29:03,834
and we don't take slaves.

500
00:29:03,917 --> 00:29:05,709
( speaking in foreign language )

501
00:29:05,792 --> 00:29:08,875
( people screaming )

502
00:29:08,959 --> 00:29:12,834
( speaking in foreign language )

503
00:29:23,667 --> 00:29:25,750
Dr. Usama Hasan:
But for ISIS they reject
modern convention.

504
00:29:25,834 --> 00:29:29,208
They're trying
to stick to literal
interpretations of texts

505
00:29:29,291 --> 00:29:31,583
from the 7th and 8th centuries.

506
00:29:31,667 --> 00:29:35,041
So this is a battle for
the heart and soul of Islam.

507
00:29:47,834 --> 00:29:50,458
Verkaik:
In May 2009, Mohammed Emwazi

508
00:29:50,542 --> 00:29:53,083
has been through
quite an ordeal.

509
00:29:53,166 --> 00:29:55,375
When he finally
gets back to London,

510
00:29:55,458 --> 00:29:58,208
still smarting
from the indignities

511
00:29:58,291 --> 00:30:01,792
of the interrogations
and detentions,

512
00:30:01,875 --> 00:30:04,750
he then discovers
that his fiancée's family

513
00:30:04,834 --> 00:30:07,333
have received a visit
from the security services.

514
00:30:07,417 --> 00:30:11,250
( Mohammed Emwazi speaking )

515
00:30:30,625 --> 00:30:33,959
Walton:
So his fiancée was
approached and, of course,

516
00:30:34,041 --> 00:30:35,417
she was then
deterred if you like.

517
00:30:35,500 --> 00:30:37,500
She then walks away from him.

518
00:30:37,583 --> 00:30:41,959
Verkaik:
For them, who are a very
conservative Somali family.

519
00:30:42,041 --> 00:30:44,000
This is a problem.

520
00:30:44,083 --> 00:30:46,667
Not only have they
messed with his own life,

521
00:30:46,750 --> 00:30:49,208
they've messed
with his girlfriend's life.

522
00:30:49,291 --> 00:30:51,875
( Mohammed Emwazi speaking )

523
00:30:57,750 --> 00:31:00,667
Verkaik:
This is a transgression
that confirms everything

524
00:31:00,750 --> 00:31:05,208
that he's been told about
the British Security Services.

525
00:31:05,291 --> 00:31:07,542
Walton:
Bilal Berjawi, who'd
returned back to London

526
00:31:07,625 --> 00:31:10,083
after being trained in
a training camp in East Africa

527
00:31:10,166 --> 00:31:13,959
and, of course, he was
inspiring his little cohort.

528
00:31:14,041 --> 00:31:17,500
Verkaik:
The point about Berjawi
was that he could motivate

529
00:31:17,583 --> 00:31:19,667
all of the London
boys and if he said,

530
00:31:19,750 --> 00:31:21,792
"Let's go 'round rattling tins

531
00:31:21,875 --> 00:31:23,875
and collecting cash
outside the mosques,"

532
00:31:23,959 --> 00:31:25,250
then they'd all do it

533
00:31:25,333 --> 00:31:26,750
and Emwazi obviously
got caught up in that.

534
00:31:26,834 --> 00:31:29,333
The money was being transferred
back over to Somalia,

535
00:31:29,417 --> 00:31:30,875
then obviously being
used to buy firearms

536
00:31:30,959 --> 00:31:32,375
and to support Al-Shabaab.

537
00:31:32,458 --> 00:31:34,750
Effectively that's
terrorist fundraising,

538
00:31:34,834 --> 00:31:36,125
that's what he was engaged in.

539
00:31:39,625 --> 00:31:42,917
Verkaik:
While he's being stopped
when he goes out, questioned.

540
00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:45,750
He's being followed,
he's having to get involved

541
00:31:45,834 --> 00:31:48,208
in counter surveillance
activities,

542
00:31:48,291 --> 00:31:50,625
so he's sort of jumping on
trains at the last minute.

543
00:31:50,709 --> 00:31:52,750
He's leaving his
mobile phone at home.

544
00:31:52,834 --> 00:31:54,709
He's meeting in parks
with associates.

545
00:31:54,792 --> 00:31:57,709
I mean he's looking
very suspicious.

546
00:31:57,792 --> 00:32:02,875
McKay:
As a young Muslim on the
fringes of extremist activities

547
00:32:02,959 --> 00:32:04,750
he was a legitimate target.

548
00:32:04,834 --> 00:32:07,834
In fact, the service would
have been failing in its duty

549
00:32:07,917 --> 00:32:11,667
if it didn't keep him under
some kind of observation.

550
00:32:11,750 --> 00:32:13,792
Walton:
What you have with
individuals like this,

551
00:32:13,875 --> 00:32:16,417
you have an emerging
intelligence picture,

552
00:32:16,500 --> 00:32:19,291
based on intelligence
that you're receiving

553
00:32:19,375 --> 00:32:22,041
from individuals that are
associating with them,

554
00:32:22,125 --> 00:32:25,583
who are working for us
and they're telling us

555
00:32:25,667 --> 00:32:29,166
that he's becoming more
hard-lined, more extremist

556
00:32:29,250 --> 00:32:32,000
and more of a threat.

557
00:32:32,083 --> 00:32:36,000
Verkaik:
Emwazi's family were concerned
about their oldest son.

558
00:32:36,083 --> 00:32:38,583
His younger brother Omar,
who I met and who told me

559
00:32:38,667 --> 00:32:40,583
that the family hatched a plan

560
00:32:40,667 --> 00:32:44,625
where he would
travel to Kuwait,
stay with his grandmother

561
00:32:44,709 --> 00:32:46,709
and he would escape,
not just the attention

562
00:32:46,792 --> 00:32:49,625
of the security services,
but also the influence

563
00:32:49,709 --> 00:32:52,458
of the gang
that he was running with

564
00:32:52,542 --> 00:32:53,875
and that's what he did.

565
00:32:53,959 --> 00:32:56,542
He took a job with
a computer company

566
00:32:56,625 --> 00:32:58,917
where he was involved in the
technical side of the company

567
00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:01,208
and he also had
a salesman role as well

568
00:33:01,291 --> 00:33:04,792
and the boss thought he
was an excellent worker.

569
00:33:04,875 --> 00:33:06,875
He'd met another girlfriend,

570
00:33:06,959 --> 00:33:10,500
someone who he also
wanted to marry.

571
00:33:10,583 --> 00:33:12,625
So he was still intent
on having a family life.

572
00:33:12,709 --> 00:33:16,041
He was enjoying his new life,
he was happy.

573
00:33:21,125 --> 00:33:23,834
It's always a question
about what drives a terrorist

574
00:33:23,917 --> 00:33:25,792
to become a terrorist.

575
00:33:25,875 --> 00:33:28,667
and it's often
a range of motivations.

576
00:33:28,750 --> 00:33:31,500
It's not just a top-down
process of recruitment.

577
00:33:31,583 --> 00:33:33,000
As we used to say,
the obligation

578
00:33:33,083 --> 00:33:34,709
is not to convert
the entire world,

579
00:33:34,792 --> 00:33:37,834
but to make the truth accessible
to those that seek it,

580
00:33:37,917 --> 00:33:39,000
so these are seekers.

581
00:33:39,083 --> 00:33:40,542
If you look at what motivates

582
00:33:40,625 --> 00:33:43,875
and what motivated young
people to go out to Syria

583
00:33:43,959 --> 00:33:48,125
many of them were going
to pursue a romantic notion

584
00:33:48,208 --> 00:33:52,500
of a high-minded,
religiously inspired, faithful,

585
00:33:52,583 --> 00:33:56,542
pure way of life in
a way that young people

586
00:33:56,625 --> 00:33:58,875
in lots of countries will want
to do something worthwhile

587
00:33:58,959 --> 00:34:00,166
with their lives.

588
00:34:00,250 --> 00:34:02,250
Brutal honesty,
I didn't want to sit

589
00:34:02,333 --> 00:34:04,709
in a nine-to-five job.

590
00:34:04,792 --> 00:34:09,208
I wanted to be part
of something bigger.

591
00:34:09,291 --> 00:34:12,792
My dad, joined the RAF
when he was around about 17.

592
00:34:12,875 --> 00:34:15,333
He saw a lot of suffering,
a lot of things there.

593
00:34:15,417 --> 00:34:17,375
I think that's
when he first started

594
00:34:17,458 --> 00:34:19,542
to get this love
of helping people

595
00:34:19,625 --> 00:34:22,291
I feel especially attracted
by the Middle East

596
00:34:22,375 --> 00:34:26,375
because it is close
and still very different,

597
00:34:26,458 --> 00:34:30,000
and it is also where the roots
of our civilization are.

598
00:34:31,667 --> 00:34:33,375
I became a
holy warrior at one point.

599
00:34:33,458 --> 00:34:37,000
At the age of 19, I took
part in jihad in Afghanistan

600
00:34:37,083 --> 00:34:39,542
fighting against
Afghan communist soldiers

601
00:34:39,625 --> 00:34:41,250
who were backed
by the Soviet Union.

602
00:34:41,333 --> 00:34:42,709
For me,
the experience of the jihad

603
00:34:42,792 --> 00:34:44,208
was actually very positive

604
00:34:44,291 --> 00:34:46,417
and we were defending
oppressed people

605
00:34:46,500 --> 00:34:49,250
and taking part in military
activity when you're 19,

606
00:34:49,333 --> 00:34:52,500
it's really cool
to fire guns at that age.

607
00:34:54,583 --> 00:34:58,583
Woman:
Jim was driven by what he saw

608
00:34:58,667 --> 00:35:03,375
and the more he saw of
the suffering of the people,

609
00:35:03,458 --> 00:35:06,750
the more compelled he felt
to tell their stories.

610
00:35:06,834 --> 00:35:08,709
So there was a dilemma
around the journalists

611
00:35:08,792 --> 00:35:11,083
and the aid workers who
were traveling out there

612
00:35:11,166 --> 00:35:14,458
and in many respects
they were causing us
more and more problems.

613
00:35:14,542 --> 00:35:18,250
Bethany Haines:
My dad went over to Croatia
and then on to Libya

614
00:35:18,333 --> 00:35:22,959
just giving out aid and then
he got the job going to Syria.

615
00:35:23,041 --> 00:35:26,667
Syria was the single
biggest humanitarian crisis
at the time.

616
00:35:26,750 --> 00:35:28,583
I felt like I had
something to offer.

617
00:35:28,667 --> 00:35:32,125
Um...
I guess it was exciting.

618
00:35:32,208 --> 00:35:34,959
I thought that I got some
addiction to adrenaline,

619
00:35:35,041 --> 00:35:38,834
but while some war
reporters may be

620
00:35:38,917 --> 00:35:40,417
only driven by adrenaline,

621
00:35:40,500 --> 00:35:43,291
I was also driven to
tell the story of people.

622
00:35:43,375 --> 00:35:45,625
And I think as it
got more dangerous,

623
00:35:45,709 --> 00:35:51,166
more and more media
were pulling out of Syria

624
00:35:51,250 --> 00:35:54,417
and so I think he felt
more and more compelled

625
00:35:54,500 --> 00:35:57,834
to do what he felt
he knew how to do.

626
00:35:57,917 --> 00:35:59,750
Walton:
And of course
to a war reporter,

627
00:35:59,834 --> 00:36:00,959
it's part of their day job

628
00:36:01,041 --> 00:36:02,542
to go to these difficult areas,

629
00:36:02,625 --> 00:36:05,583
but there was just massively
high risk for anyone

630
00:36:05,667 --> 00:36:06,792
traveling into that region.

631
00:36:06,875 --> 00:36:08,834
( gunfire blasting )

632
00:36:08,917 --> 00:36:12,917
( singing in foreign language )

633
00:36:17,375 --> 00:36:19,500
Walton:
At one time,
you had Islamic State

634
00:36:19,583 --> 00:36:22,375
pulling people out of cars,
abducting them

635
00:36:22,458 --> 00:36:24,959
and then they were filming
all of this process.

636
00:36:25,041 --> 00:36:27,000
Haines:
And these particular videos

637
00:36:27,083 --> 00:36:29,875
have been deliberately put
out in the open for ISIS

638
00:36:29,959 --> 00:36:35,417
to communicate its processes
of rooting out spies

639
00:36:35,500 --> 00:36:38,917
and people who are trying to
undermine the cause for ISIS.

640
00:36:46,375 --> 00:36:50,000
Walton:
Once an individual knows that
they are under the scrutiny

641
00:36:50,083 --> 00:36:53,041
of the state they
then have to develop,

642
00:36:53,125 --> 00:36:55,125
if you like, cover stories
for their activity.

643
00:36:55,208 --> 00:36:59,250
Verkaik:
Unfortunately, Emwazi
has problems with his teeth.

644
00:36:59,333 --> 00:37:00,709
He tries Kuwaiti dentists,

645
00:37:00,792 --> 00:37:03,333
but none of them can solve
his severe tooth ache.

646
00:37:03,417 --> 00:37:06,834
He can't sleep,
so he speaks to his family

647
00:37:06,917 --> 00:37:08,583
and they say come back.

648
00:37:08,667 --> 00:37:10,542
We were receiving
intelligence that potentially

649
00:37:10,625 --> 00:37:13,709
he's still aspiring to
become a hardened terrorist.

650
00:37:13,792 --> 00:37:16,333
I would only say that
what we don't know is

651
00:37:16,417 --> 00:37:17,959
what else he's doing in Kuwait.

652
00:37:18,041 --> 00:37:21,041
All we know is that he's
coming back and forth.

653
00:37:21,125 --> 00:37:23,542
So he comes back
for the second time.

654
00:37:23,625 --> 00:37:26,917
Walton:
Of course raising again the
suspicion of the authorities

655
00:37:27,000 --> 00:37:29,542
that he was not content
with his life in Kuwait.

656
00:37:29,625 --> 00:37:33,333
Verkaik:
He turns up at Heathrow Airport
a few days later,

657
00:37:33,417 --> 00:37:36,208
this time he's
detained in the airport.

658
00:37:36,291 --> 00:37:37,750
Walton:
According to his father,

659
00:37:37,834 --> 00:37:40,667
he's prevented
from going back to Kuwait,

660
00:37:40,750 --> 00:37:42,834
not by the Kuwaiti
Intelligence Services,

661
00:37:42,917 --> 00:37:44,542
but by British pressure

662
00:37:44,625 --> 00:37:46,583
on the Kuwaiti
Intelligence Services.

663
00:37:46,667 --> 00:37:48,375
McKay:
Would it be a legitimate use

664
00:37:48,458 --> 00:37:51,417
of the security services
powers to invite another state

665
00:37:51,500 --> 00:37:53,792
to decline a visa? Possibly.

666
00:37:53,875 --> 00:37:56,166
But it's equally as plausible
that the Kuwaiti government

667
00:37:56,250 --> 00:37:58,041
just didn't want him
in the country.

668
00:37:58,125 --> 00:38:00,709
Verkaik:
Unfortunately, he learns
while he's in London

669
00:38:00,792 --> 00:38:02,583
that Kuwaiti Security Services

670
00:38:02,667 --> 00:38:05,667
have visited his
Kuwaiti fiancée's family.

671
00:38:05,750 --> 00:38:07,083
They have introduced the idea

672
00:38:07,166 --> 00:38:10,417
that he may be
linked to terrorism.

673
00:38:10,500 --> 00:38:13,583
Again, the family
call the wedding off.

674
00:38:13,667 --> 00:38:16,959
His whole life is being,
as far as he is concerned,

675
00:38:17,041 --> 00:38:18,750
funneled in one direction.

676
00:38:18,834 --> 00:38:20,458
Can't go to Kuwait,

677
00:38:20,542 --> 00:38:23,750
finding it impossible
to exist in London,

678
00:38:23,834 --> 00:38:27,041
his intentions are now
focused on extreme lifestyle,

679
00:38:27,125 --> 00:38:28,208
the full jihad.

680
00:38:33,458 --> 00:38:36,625
Emwazi was defiant
even in those early days

681
00:38:36,709 --> 00:38:39,583
in terms of his approaching
an organization called CAGE,

682
00:38:39,667 --> 00:38:43,917
who purport to represent
the interests of
Islamic causes.

683
00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:46,208
He visits CAGE,
he discusses with them

684
00:38:46,291 --> 00:38:49,542
his problems he's having
with the security services.

685
00:38:49,625 --> 00:38:51,542
They suggest that
if he really wants

686
00:38:51,625 --> 00:38:54,041
to get the security
services off his case,

687
00:38:54,125 --> 00:38:55,542
he should go public.

688
00:38:55,625 --> 00:39:00,166
And this is when I am
introduced to Mohammed Emwazi.

689
00:39:00,250 --> 00:39:03,667
We speak to each other
on the telephone,
we switch emails.

690
00:39:03,750 --> 00:39:06,583
Emwazi and I agreed
to meet at a cafe.

691
00:39:06,667 --> 00:39:11,208
It became very clear early on
that this was a serious man.

692
00:39:11,291 --> 00:39:14,667
This wasn't someone who
thought it was interesting,

693
00:39:14,750 --> 00:39:16,250
exciting perhaps, to sit down

694
00:39:16,333 --> 00:39:17,917
and chat about his experiences.

695
00:39:18,000 --> 00:39:19,792
This was a defiant young man,

696
00:39:19,875 --> 00:39:23,750
who was convinced that
he had been the victim

697
00:39:23,834 --> 00:39:27,125
of a wrongdoing,
and it was my job to try

698
00:39:27,208 --> 00:39:30,917
and help him right that wrong,
which was fine by me,

699
00:39:31,000 --> 00:39:33,959
because give us a good story,
and I'll print it.

700
00:39:34,041 --> 00:39:35,291
That was my approach.

701
00:39:35,375 --> 00:39:37,083
But as the conversation
went on,

702
00:39:37,166 --> 00:39:39,583
he started to tell
me about the fiancées

703
00:39:39,667 --> 00:39:43,625
and how the police had
destroyed these engagements,

704
00:39:43,709 --> 00:39:46,709
and that was what
sold his story to me.

705
00:39:46,792 --> 00:39:51,000
It seemed to me,
if I believed him,
a real step too far.

706
00:39:58,625 --> 00:40:01,959
So, by approaching CAGE,
by speaking to a journalist,

707
00:40:02,041 --> 00:40:06,667
this was his strategy for
countering our interventions.

708
00:40:06,750 --> 00:40:08,834
These are the early signs of him

709
00:40:08,917 --> 00:40:12,667
if you like being offensive
against the state.

710
00:40:15,125 --> 00:40:17,542
Verkaik:
Unfortunately,
he'd emailed me back

711
00:40:17,625 --> 00:40:19,792
saying he'd spoken
to the families

712
00:40:19,875 --> 00:40:22,417
and he wasn't confident
they would agree

713
00:40:22,500 --> 00:40:24,583
to have their pictures
in the newspaper.

714
00:40:24,667 --> 00:40:27,250
He had pictures, but he
couldn't pass them on to me

715
00:40:27,333 --> 00:40:29,333
because that would
be a breach of trust.

716
00:40:29,417 --> 00:40:32,250
So, I had sort of
half a story, really.

717
00:40:32,333 --> 00:40:35,166
So, we never really got
the story off the ground,

718
00:40:35,250 --> 00:40:39,083
and that was the last
contact I had with him.

719
00:40:39,166 --> 00:40:42,208
( rockets roar )

720
00:40:42,291 --> 00:40:43,875
James Foley:
Syrian government forces

721
00:40:43,959 --> 00:40:46,750
continued to bombard
Aleppo beating back rebels

722
00:40:46,834 --> 00:40:48,917
of the Free Syrian Army,
but the battle

723
00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:50,542
for the country's largest city

724
00:40:50,625 --> 00:40:53,500
is also taking
a deadly toll on civilians.

725
00:40:53,583 --> 00:40:55,709
The regime has bombed
hospitals, homes,

726
00:40:55,792 --> 00:40:58,625
even people standing
in line for bread.

727
00:40:58,709 --> 00:41:01,709
Diane Foley:
I guess the biggest,
most obvious silence,

728
00:41:01,792 --> 00:41:04,583
was Thanksgiving of 2012.

729
00:41:04,667 --> 00:41:10,875
Jim was always very cognizant
of holidays or birthdays, or...

730
00:41:10,959 --> 00:41:13,291
and certainly Thanksgiving.

731
00:41:13,375 --> 00:41:16,250
To not hear from him was odd...

732
00:41:17,542 --> 00:41:20,917
and so we were a bit concerned.

733
00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:23,250
And it actually
was the next morning,

734
00:41:23,333 --> 00:41:24,834
the morning after Thanksgiving,

735
00:41:24,917 --> 00:41:27,709
when one of his colleagues
called to tell us

736
00:41:27,792 --> 00:41:29,625
that he had been captured.

737
00:41:29,709 --> 00:41:33,208
So...
that confirmed our fear.

738
00:41:41,709 --> 00:41:44,250
Nicolas Henin:
Raqqa was taken six weeks or so

739
00:41:44,333 --> 00:41:46,500
before I arrived in the city

740
00:41:46,583 --> 00:41:49,375
and I wanted to do mostly
political reporting.

741
00:41:49,458 --> 00:41:54,333
We entered
the former headquarters
of the Ba'ath Party.

742
00:41:54,417 --> 00:41:59,125
The following day we came
back to their headquarters

743
00:41:59,208 --> 00:42:01,834
and they just attacked
us in the street.

744
00:42:01,917 --> 00:42:03,250
That was a trap.

745
00:42:05,083 --> 00:42:07,542
And they drove me
for about 20 minutes.

746
00:42:09,667 --> 00:42:13,917
When they removed the blindfold
I was in a bathroom

747
00:42:14,000 --> 00:42:16,959
and they locked the door.

748
00:42:17,041 --> 00:42:19,542
( door slams )

749
00:42:19,625 --> 00:42:25,041
I noticed the bars of the window
were potentially a bit weak

750
00:42:25,125 --> 00:42:30,875
and in the evening, I removed
the bars jumped outside.

751
00:42:30,959 --> 00:42:34,875
I was free and that was one
of the most exciting nights

752
00:42:34,959 --> 00:42:38,375
of my life, even
though I was terrified,

753
00:42:38,458 --> 00:42:42,208
especially the first
100 meters or so that I ran,

754
00:42:42,291 --> 00:42:45,625
and I was praying that
no one would have seen me.

755
00:42:47,250 --> 00:42:52,834
But after I took some distance,
I was like, Oh, that's so good!

756
00:42:52,917 --> 00:42:55,458
That's so good!
I am winning!

757
00:42:56,458 --> 00:42:57,792
These bastards!

758
00:42:58,792 --> 00:43:00,000
What a good trick!

759
00:43:00,083 --> 00:43:03,083
( man panting )

760
00:43:08,750 --> 00:43:09,875
I was euphoric.

761
00:43:13,041 --> 00:43:14,750
I wanted to reach Raqqa.

762
00:43:14,834 --> 00:43:18,333
I noticed already the lights
of Raqqa on the horizon,

763
00:43:18,417 --> 00:43:24,041
so I had the direction
and very early in the morning

764
00:43:24,125 --> 00:43:25,792
I arrived in a village.

765
00:43:25,875 --> 00:43:30,166
As I entered the streets
all the dogs start barking...

766
00:43:32,166 --> 00:43:36,250
and I'm like, "Oh, shit,
I wanted to be discreet."

767
00:43:36,333 --> 00:43:42,000
And the first people I met
were two guys wearing pajamas,

768
00:43:42,083 --> 00:43:43,583
and they were jihadis.

769
00:43:43,667 --> 00:43:45,166
I couldn't recognize them

770
00:43:45,250 --> 00:43:48,458
because nothing differentiated
jihadis wearing pajamas

771
00:43:48,542 --> 00:43:50,625
from someone else
wearing pajamas,

772
00:43:50,709 --> 00:43:55,375
and they took me back to
the local police station

773
00:43:55,458 --> 00:44:00,583
and they rode me back
to the very same cell.

774
00:44:00,667 --> 00:44:05,000
To be taken back is
almost worse than to be taken.

775
00:44:06,333 --> 00:44:08,750
I was like... ahh!

776
00:44:08,834 --> 00:44:09,875
Wow.

777
00:44:09,959 --> 00:44:11,917
Now the real shit begins.

778
00:44:17,125 --> 00:44:19,917
( bomb exploding )

779
00:44:20,000 --> 00:44:24,000
Walton:
In 2012, Emwazi's two mentors,

780
00:44:24,083 --> 00:44:27,667
Bilal Berjawi and Mohamed Sakr,
are killed in drone strikes

781
00:44:27,750 --> 00:44:30,250
by the American administration.

782
00:44:30,333 --> 00:44:33,000
Verkaik:
This must have a been
a devastating moment for him

783
00:44:33,083 --> 00:44:34,542
because while they were away,

784
00:44:34,625 --> 00:44:37,917
Emwazi was close
to both their families.

785
00:44:38,000 --> 00:44:42,625
He was involved in looking
after Bilal Berjawi's, um, son.

786
00:44:42,709 --> 00:44:45,125
He took a sort of
an uncle's role.

787
00:44:45,208 --> 00:44:47,500
I think it was probably
a turning point.

788
00:44:47,583 --> 00:44:49,917
Walton:
And then you have a bigger
problem on your hands

789
00:44:50,000 --> 00:44:51,834
because then they're
more determined to travel

790
00:44:51,917 --> 00:44:54,917
and they'll find a way,
as indeed Emwazi did.

791
00:44:55,000 --> 00:44:58,333
At some point
in 2012, Mohammed Emwazi

792
00:44:58,417 --> 00:45:00,667
managed to slip
out of the country.

793
00:45:00,750 --> 00:45:03,291
Perhaps he joined
a convoy with other friends,

794
00:45:03,375 --> 00:45:06,959
we're not entirely
sure who he went with.

795
00:45:07,041 --> 00:45:11,500
So what we'd hoped
to stop came to pass.

796
00:45:11,583 --> 00:45:14,709
In a sense all we did was
held back the inevitable.

797
00:45:14,792 --> 00:45:18,625
Whether we contributed to
his further radicalization

798
00:45:18,709 --> 00:45:23,709
and his clear anger and vitriol
against the British state

799
00:45:23,792 --> 00:45:27,792
by stopping him from travel
is an interesting question.

800
00:45:30,875 --> 00:45:33,458
News reporter:
More than 70,000
Syrian refugees

801
00:45:33,542 --> 00:45:36,792
have flooded into Turkey
in the past 24 hours,

802
00:45:36,875 --> 00:45:38,667
according to UN officials,

803
00:45:38,750 --> 00:45:42,792
and that number could
grow to more than 100,000.

804
00:45:47,750 --> 00:45:49,792
I was working
for an organization
called Impact Initiative

805
00:45:49,875 --> 00:45:51,917
so we were doing
the humanitarian
data assessment,

806
00:45:52,000 --> 00:45:55,583
providing data that would
inform humanitarian
programming.

807
00:45:55,667 --> 00:45:58,834
David was a,
he was a big guy.

808
00:45:58,917 --> 00:46:00,166
When you first meet him,

809
00:46:00,250 --> 00:46:03,917
he was someone
who inspires confidence

810
00:46:04,000 --> 00:46:05,583
when you're going into places.

811
00:46:05,667 --> 00:46:07,250
He was a wonderful guy.

812
00:46:07,333 --> 00:46:10,000
We had very similar ideas
as to the good and the bad

813
00:46:10,083 --> 00:46:11,542
of what we were doing.

814
00:46:11,625 --> 00:46:13,250
I think we connected
really quickly

815
00:46:13,333 --> 00:46:17,333
and felt comfortable
around each other.

816
00:46:19,667 --> 00:46:22,583
We spent the Saturday,
Sunday primarily in IBP camps

817
00:46:22,667 --> 00:46:25,417
moving around and also for me,
it was the first time

818
00:46:25,500 --> 00:46:26,792
that I was in Syria.

819
00:46:28,291 --> 00:46:31,333
The 12th of March,
I think was a Tuesday,

820
00:46:31,417 --> 00:46:35,291
we'd gone in in the morning
and we went to a town,

821
00:46:35,375 --> 00:46:39,291
a small town called Atarib,
and on our way back,

822
00:46:39,375 --> 00:46:42,667
I was on the phone
with my boss in Geneva,

823
00:46:42,750 --> 00:46:47,750
and at one stage we
passed two black cars.

824
00:46:47,834 --> 00:46:50,667
We were on a dirt track
and we got to a junction

825
00:46:50,750 --> 00:46:52,000
where the road sort of widened

826
00:46:52,083 --> 00:46:55,625
and became a more
normal road I guess,

827
00:46:55,709 --> 00:46:58,250
and that's where these cars
who had been now behind us,

828
00:46:58,333 --> 00:46:59,917
sort of one of them overtook.

829
00:47:08,125 --> 00:47:13,500
They blocked us out, and these
masked fighters jumped out
and surrounded the car.

830
00:47:13,583 --> 00:47:16,417
I actually dropped the phone
with my boss still on the line.

831
00:47:16,500 --> 00:47:18,500
I managed to say to him
that we were getting kidnapped,

832
00:47:18,583 --> 00:47:20,333
that we had a problem.

833
00:47:20,417 --> 00:47:22,000
It all happened very,
very quickly.

834
00:47:22,083 --> 00:47:24,875
I just have like
flash recollections.

835
00:47:31,875 --> 00:47:35,875
I just remember the car,
faced down on the ground,

836
00:47:35,959 --> 00:47:39,667
in the boot, David was
put in just before me,

837
00:47:39,750 --> 00:47:41,709
and then they couldn't
get the boot shut,

838
00:47:41,792 --> 00:47:45,667
and that's where I saw a guy
on his bicycle, cycle past.

839
00:47:45,750 --> 00:47:48,667
You could see
he was sort of like,

840
00:47:48,750 --> 00:47:51,625
but at the same time
he just cycled continually.

841
00:47:51,709 --> 00:47:55,000
It just happened in a flash.

842
00:47:55,083 --> 00:47:58,917
The next thing you know,
we're speeding away,
very very fast.

843
00:48:03,667 --> 00:48:05,208
Haines:
On my 16th birthday,

844
00:48:05,291 --> 00:48:07,000
I was actually in France
with some friends.

845
00:48:07,083 --> 00:48:09,458
My dad would always
contact me on my birthday,

846
00:48:09,542 --> 00:48:11,750
no matter where he was
and it got later on at night

847
00:48:11,834 --> 00:48:13,583
and I thought,
something's not right

848
00:48:13,667 --> 00:48:15,875
and I started to get
a sinking feeling,

849
00:48:15,959 --> 00:48:18,375
so I phoned my mum quite
upset and said to her,

850
00:48:18,458 --> 00:48:20,750
"Look I've got
a really bad feeling.

851
00:48:20,834 --> 00:48:22,750
You need to find
out what's happened."

852
00:48:22,834 --> 00:48:24,875
My head automatically
assumed the worst,

853
00:48:24,959 --> 00:48:26,625
so when she said
he was kidnapped

854
00:48:26,709 --> 00:48:29,041
it was actually
a part of a relief

855
00:48:29,125 --> 00:48:31,375
to find out he
hadn't been killed,

856
00:48:31,458 --> 00:48:33,083
but of course your
mind goes everywhere.

857
00:48:33,166 --> 00:48:35,333
I thought why would
someone kidnap someone

858
00:48:35,417 --> 00:48:37,959
who was only there to help.

859
00:48:43,875 --> 00:48:47,375
Walton:
So Emwazi finds a way out
to the new frontier,

860
00:48:47,458 --> 00:48:50,125
to the new global
jihad in Syria,

861
00:48:50,208 --> 00:48:52,291
and very quickly
finds a new mentor,

862
00:48:52,375 --> 00:48:54,333
a Chechen warlord
called Shishani,

863
00:48:54,417 --> 00:48:58,709
who was leading the ground
called K.A.M. within Syria,

864
00:48:58,792 --> 00:49:00,208
and it was really
a breakaway group

865
00:49:00,291 --> 00:49:02,792
from Al-Qaeda
or al-Nusra front.

866
00:49:02,875 --> 00:49:07,917
Verkaik:
Shishani, a man who'd had
war experience in Chechnya,

867
00:49:08,000 --> 00:49:12,583
had developed a brutal
reputation for committing
atrocities,

868
00:49:12,667 --> 00:49:18,083
but who saw in Emwazi someone
who would follow orders
to the letter.

869
00:49:18,166 --> 00:49:20,417
Walton:
Who would carry out
almost any brutal act

870
00:49:20,500 --> 00:49:22,041
if directed to do so,

871
00:49:22,125 --> 00:49:25,000
and Emwazi became quite
well-known and reliable,

872
00:49:25,083 --> 00:49:27,792
if you like, to the leadership
of this new group.

873
00:49:27,875 --> 00:49:31,875
( speaking in foreign language )

874
00:49:38,875 --> 00:49:42,375
Verkaik:
Kata'ib Al Muhajireen had
become slightly fractured,

875
00:49:42,458 --> 00:49:45,333
half the group was
aligned with Al-Qaeda,

876
00:49:45,417 --> 00:49:47,834
and the other half,
led by Shishani,

877
00:49:47,917 --> 00:49:49,834
were more interested
in making links

878
00:49:49,917 --> 00:49:53,083
with the emerging
Islamic State as is now.

879
00:49:53,166 --> 00:49:56,875
And Shishani decided
he would take his group

880
00:49:56,959 --> 00:50:00,750
to join the Islamic State,
and with him...

881
00:50:01,875 --> 00:50:03,500
Mohammed Emwazi followed.

882
00:50:04,917 --> 00:50:06,250
El-Badawy:
Once within Islamic State,

883
00:50:06,333 --> 00:50:07,959
Emwazi and Shishani are led

884
00:50:08,041 --> 00:50:10,917
by the Emir of Aleppo,
Amr al-Absi.

885
00:50:11,000 --> 00:50:12,834
Al-Absi's a seasoned terrorist

886
00:50:12,917 --> 00:50:15,291
and a close confident
of the ISIS leader,

887
00:50:15,375 --> 00:50:16,917
Al Bakr Al-Baghdadi.

888
00:50:18,417 --> 00:50:19,959
Under the guidance of Al-Absi,

889
00:50:20,041 --> 00:50:22,875
Emwazi and Shishani,
along with some UK recruits.

890
00:50:22,959 --> 00:50:26,375
Alexander Kotey, Aine Davis,
and El Shafee El-sheik,

891
00:50:26,458 --> 00:50:29,709
started a mass
hostage-taking campaign

892
00:50:29,792 --> 00:50:31,667
all across Northern Syria.

893
00:50:31,750 --> 00:50:34,667
With that, they captured
hundreds of Syrian prisoners,

894
00:50:34,750 --> 00:50:39,709
but they also captured
a very important group
of western hostages.

895
00:50:39,792 --> 00:50:43,709
The Islamic State emirs felt
that because of his loyalty

896
00:50:43,792 --> 00:50:45,542
and because of his willingness

897
00:50:45,625 --> 00:50:48,709
to carry out acts of
brutality without question,

898
00:50:48,792 --> 00:50:51,333
Emwazi would be
perfect for this,

899
00:50:51,417 --> 00:50:53,333
and perhaps they were right.

900
00:50:53,417 --> 00:50:56,375
So, Emwazi,
this career jihadist,

901
00:50:56,458 --> 00:50:58,125
is moved through the ranks.

902
00:50:58,208 --> 00:51:01,166
He graduates effectively,
suddenly with the opportunity

903
00:51:01,250 --> 00:51:04,667
to actually fulfill his dreams
as a proper global jihadi.

904
00:51:14,291 --> 00:51:17,959
Henin:
The faces of most of our
guards, we haven't seen them.

905
00:51:18,041 --> 00:51:20,583
The funny thing is
that we nicknamed them.

906
00:51:20,667 --> 00:51:22,375
It's a kind of
coping mechanism.

907
00:51:22,458 --> 00:51:27,000
There is something you don't
control, you bad guard.

908
00:51:27,083 --> 00:51:30,417
It is the name that
I give to you,

909
00:51:30,500 --> 00:51:32,417
and this you will
never control it.

910
00:51:32,500 --> 00:51:36,583
The most common name that
were known through the media

911
00:51:36,667 --> 00:51:39,166
were, of course, The Beatles.

912
00:51:39,250 --> 00:51:40,959
The guys that
we nicknamed The Beatles

913
00:51:41,041 --> 00:51:45,709
were British born,
native British accents.

914
00:51:45,792 --> 00:51:47,083
And they were the first people

915
00:51:47,166 --> 00:51:48,834
that conversed
with us in the car.

916
00:51:51,250 --> 00:51:53,375
When they'd taken
our passports, I think,

917
00:51:53,458 --> 00:51:56,417
the very first thing
was when they said,

918
00:51:56,500 --> 00:52:00,166
"David, welcome to Syria,
you mutt,"

919
00:52:00,250 --> 00:52:02,375
or something like that,

920
00:52:02,458 --> 00:52:04,083
'cause I think they'd
looked through his passport

921
00:52:04,166 --> 00:52:07,625
and then they asked David
if I spoke any English.

922
00:52:07,709 --> 00:52:09,875
Interviewer:
So, they actually kidnapped you?

923
00:52:11,000 --> 00:52:11,917
Yep.

924
00:52:14,208 --> 00:52:20,500
And so, they reappeared
and reappeared throughout,

925
00:52:20,583 --> 00:52:22,583
um...

926
00:52:22,667 --> 00:52:24,375
that first month.

927
00:52:24,458 --> 00:52:29,000
Henin:
So, the Beatles were obviously
British hostage takers.

928
00:52:29,083 --> 00:52:31,959
We understood that they
probably were friends

929
00:52:32,041 --> 00:52:34,583
even before arriving to Syria

930
00:52:34,667 --> 00:52:37,583
because they were very close.

931
00:52:37,667 --> 00:52:40,208
They were not always together,

932
00:52:40,291 --> 00:52:42,792
but most of the time
at least two of them

933
00:52:42,875 --> 00:52:44,375
would come together.

934
00:52:44,458 --> 00:52:45,792
John was the boss.

935
00:52:45,875 --> 00:52:49,625
He was the one giving
orders to the others.

936
00:52:49,709 --> 00:52:53,709
He was the one in charge of
collecting the proofs of lives.

937
00:52:55,917 --> 00:52:58,917
George was the punisher.

938
00:52:59,000 --> 00:53:03,083
He was the most
violent in the group.

939
00:53:05,917 --> 00:53:07,583
I remember his, uh...

940
00:53:09,083 --> 00:53:11,583
fat hands,

941
00:53:11,667 --> 00:53:13,458
and the third one was Ringo.

942
00:53:14,792 --> 00:53:16,959
Ringo was the preacher.

943
00:53:17,041 --> 00:53:19,041
The less violent
of these three.

944
00:53:19,125 --> 00:53:22,750
The one would from time
to time explain to us

945
00:53:22,834 --> 00:53:25,417
why they were doing that.

946
00:53:25,500 --> 00:53:28,667
Emwazi was in control
of what happened.

947
00:53:28,750 --> 00:53:32,041
I mean, he initiated
and allowed a lot
of our punishment,

948
00:53:32,125 --> 00:53:34,083
and he was very much involved.

949
00:53:34,166 --> 00:53:37,625
He also sort of set
the tone for the guards.

950
00:53:37,709 --> 00:53:39,250
They took a lot
of their inspiration

951
00:53:39,333 --> 00:53:42,875
from what they had heard
about places like Abu Ghraib,

952
00:53:42,959 --> 00:53:46,542
and what the coalition forces
in other countries had done.

953
00:53:46,625 --> 00:53:51,125
Guantanamo was referenced
all the time

954
00:53:51,208 --> 00:53:52,792
by Emwazi, in particular.

955
00:53:52,875 --> 00:53:54,625
But the orange materials,

956
00:53:54,709 --> 00:53:59,166
at various stages we were
wearing jumpsuits, all of us.

957
00:53:59,250 --> 00:54:01,917
And so things like
stress positions,

958
00:54:02,000 --> 00:54:06,000
and not allowing us to sleep,
just stand up all night.

959
00:54:07,417 --> 00:54:08,834
Things like that.

960
00:54:08,917 --> 00:54:13,750
Some of us received much
more violence than others,

961
00:54:13,834 --> 00:54:18,417
and that was for reasons
that I couldn't understand.

962
00:54:18,500 --> 00:54:21,500
We knew there were
another two captives

963
00:54:21,583 --> 00:54:23,083
in the same location.

964
00:54:23,166 --> 00:54:25,709
You could hear their screams,
and they could hear ours.

965
00:54:25,792 --> 00:54:28,458
And eventually we met them.

966
00:54:28,542 --> 00:54:31,208
It was James Foley
and John Cantlie.

967
00:54:34,208 --> 00:54:36,375
And they put us into
a cell to do a royal rumble.

968
00:54:36,458 --> 00:54:39,917
Basically, get us to
fight against each other.

969
00:54:40,000 --> 00:54:42,667
The cell that
John and James were in,

970
00:54:42,750 --> 00:54:45,750
because the ceiling was so
high at the top it had a latch.

971
00:54:45,834 --> 00:54:51,083
So, they brought us in and
then went up to the top,

972
00:54:51,166 --> 00:54:53,834
and then were like giving
us instructions about,

973
00:54:53,917 --> 00:54:57,166
and they were
watching from above,

974
00:54:57,250 --> 00:54:59,792
and so they had
Dave and me in one corner

975
00:54:59,875 --> 00:55:03,458
and John and James in the other
and they wanted us to fight,

976
00:55:03,542 --> 00:55:04,667
and, like...

977
00:55:06,041 --> 00:55:08,208
we obviously weren't
gonna fight each other,

978
00:55:08,291 --> 00:55:09,959
but you kinda
couldn't not fight.

979
00:55:10,041 --> 00:55:12,166
I mean there was
potential for punishment.

980
00:55:12,250 --> 00:55:14,500
I remember we sort of went
through the motions initially,

981
00:55:14,583 --> 00:55:17,291
realized we couldn't
'cause they were saying
if you don't start,

982
00:55:17,375 --> 00:55:21,792
you know, and you have to,
we were like skeletons by then.

983
00:55:21,875 --> 00:55:25,750
I think every one of us
fainted at some stage or another

984
00:55:25,834 --> 00:55:27,959
just from exhaustion.

985
00:55:28,041 --> 00:55:30,792
So, we weren't exactly
hurting each other.

986
00:55:30,875 --> 00:55:33,166
But, they found it
highly entertaining.

987
00:55:45,917 --> 00:55:49,875
( speaking in foreign language )

988
00:56:03,583 --> 00:56:06,875
Petraeus:
Baghdadi has this
extraordinary vision.

989
00:56:06,959 --> 00:56:11,917
He clearly has very impressive
organizational skills,

990
00:56:12,000 --> 00:56:14,166
however twisted the ideology,

991
00:56:14,250 --> 00:56:17,166
however twisted
the interpretation of Islam,

992
00:56:17,250 --> 00:56:19,208
however extreme the actions,

993
00:56:19,291 --> 00:56:22,208
but he does something
truly extraordinary.

994
00:56:22,291 --> 00:56:25,667
Man:
In 2014 we saw the
Declaration of the Caliphate.

995
00:56:25,750 --> 00:56:28,041
It was directed to
idealistic people,

996
00:56:28,125 --> 00:56:30,709
who wanted to live
in the perfect state,

997
00:56:30,792 --> 00:56:33,250
and who had learnt
since their childhood

998
00:56:33,333 --> 00:56:35,959
about this wonderful
idea of the caliphate,

999
00:56:36,041 --> 00:56:39,375
which a lot of Muslims
very much cherish,

1000
00:56:39,458 --> 00:56:40,750
including Muslims
who would not have

1001
00:56:40,834 --> 00:56:44,083
the slightest sympathy
with the likes of ISIS.

1002
00:56:44,166 --> 00:56:46,417
It was a bit of a chicken
or an egg situation for ISIS.

1003
00:56:46,500 --> 00:56:49,667
It was establish the caliphate
and then figure out a way

1004
00:56:49,750 --> 00:56:51,542
of making it work later on.

1005
00:56:51,625 --> 00:56:53,834
Announce it to the world
and you would get attention

1006
00:56:53,917 --> 00:56:55,125
and people would flock.

1007
00:56:55,208 --> 00:56:59,458
( speaking in foreign language )

1008
00:57:08,834 --> 00:57:10,250
I think it's like grooming,

1009
00:57:10,333 --> 00:57:13,458
and even worse than that,
because they are promising them,

1010
00:57:13,542 --> 00:57:15,792
and to the group,
this is not us,

1011
00:57:15,875 --> 00:57:18,000
we are just passing
the message of god.

1012
00:57:19,083 --> 00:57:21,125
This is an order from god.

1013
00:57:21,208 --> 00:57:24,291
Here is the Koranic verse
telling you that you should go,

1014
00:57:24,375 --> 00:57:26,667
you should migrate
to the caliphate.

1015
00:57:26,750 --> 00:57:29,291
You should leave the land
of the Kuffr, which is Britain,

1016
00:57:29,375 --> 00:57:30,959
and go to the caliphate.

1017
00:57:31,041 --> 00:57:36,083
Propaganda was very well
targeted to individual groups.

1018
00:57:36,166 --> 00:57:39,375
They'd be different
videos for Australians,

1019
00:57:39,458 --> 00:57:41,458
for people in the Philippines,

1020
00:57:41,542 --> 00:57:44,667
for people who had
specific interests.

1021
00:57:44,750 --> 00:57:47,875
Videos for young girls,
videos for young boys.

1022
00:57:47,959 --> 00:57:49,792
Some would be very
violent and horrifying,

1023
00:57:49,875 --> 00:57:53,625
some would have nothing,
but soft focus pictures

1024
00:57:53,709 --> 00:57:55,959
of the golden corn being reaped

1025
00:57:56,041 --> 00:57:59,542
and the beautiful fish being
brought in on the fishing boat.

1026
00:57:59,625 --> 00:58:02,709
El-Badawy:
The videos are there
to make them actually

1027
00:58:02,792 --> 00:58:04,083
feel some positive emotion.

1028
00:58:04,166 --> 00:58:06,291
So for example,
getting them to feel

1029
00:58:06,375 --> 00:58:08,458
that there's
a sense of solidarity

1030
00:58:08,542 --> 00:58:12,875
amongst the ranks of ISIS,
and that brotherly comradeship.

1031
00:58:12,959 --> 00:58:16,792
And all of this gives
the audience an impression

1032
00:58:16,875 --> 00:58:20,667
that this is
the non-trivial world.

1033
00:58:20,750 --> 00:58:24,667
That in living with ISIS,
you will actually start

1034
00:58:24,750 --> 00:58:26,625
to feel a sense of purpose.

1035
00:58:26,709 --> 00:58:28,834
It is not just
about killing people,

1036
00:58:28,917 --> 00:58:30,583
but there's a wider cause

1037
00:58:30,667 --> 00:58:32,917
that you're sacrificing
your life for.

1038
00:58:33,000 --> 00:58:37,834
Anderson:
That, in a way, was one of
ISIS' unique selling points.

1039
00:58:37,917 --> 00:58:40,834
They had as they would
put it a country to sell,

1040
00:58:40,917 --> 00:58:43,625
and they were able to
present it as a country

1041
00:58:43,709 --> 00:58:45,125
where you might want to live.

1042
00:58:45,208 --> 00:58:46,667
You would look at
some of it and think,

1043
00:58:46,750 --> 00:58:48,500
well, I'd like to go
and live there.

1044
00:58:48,583 --> 00:58:51,709
If you believed it, you would
want to go and live there.

1045
00:58:51,792 --> 00:58:53,625
And so many people,
particularly young people,

1046
00:58:53,709 --> 00:58:57,375
went out there on
the basis of that dream

1047
00:58:57,458 --> 00:59:00,417
that the propagandists
had put together.

1048
00:59:06,667 --> 00:59:09,000
Motka:
There was a lot of
talk around the fact

1049
00:59:09,083 --> 00:59:10,709
that there was
an Islamic State now,

1050
00:59:10,792 --> 00:59:12,792
that we were
prisoners of a state,

1051
00:59:12,875 --> 00:59:15,375
therefore, there were rules.

1052
00:59:15,458 --> 00:59:19,500
Henin:
I spent a couple of weeks
in a cell on my own,

1053
00:59:19,583 --> 00:59:21,625
and then at the end
of the year,

1054
00:59:21,709 --> 00:59:26,166
we are 19 men in the same cell.

1055
00:59:26,250 --> 00:59:27,875
Being in a group is hard too.

1056
00:59:27,959 --> 00:59:31,583
I mean you're whatever number
of grown men in a tiny room,

1057
00:59:31,667 --> 00:59:35,875
foot-to-toe
in terms of how you sleep,

1058
00:59:35,959 --> 00:59:37,208
right next to each other.

1059
00:59:37,291 --> 00:59:38,542
For a couple of months,

1060
00:59:38,625 --> 00:59:41,667
the Beatles were not
violent with us.

1061
00:59:41,750 --> 00:59:44,250
It was more
like an enterprise,

1062
00:59:44,333 --> 00:59:46,875
so you don't damage
the merchandise.

1063
00:59:47,000 --> 00:59:49,208
Some of the proofs
of lives were obtained

1064
00:59:49,291 --> 00:59:50,917
in a neighboring room.

1065
00:59:51,000 --> 00:59:54,917
Jihadi John would then be
the one directing the filming.

1066
00:59:55,000 --> 00:59:57,291
So he would give us
the instructions.

1067
00:59:57,375 --> 01:00:00,333
"Okay, you arrive this side,
you say that,

1068
01:00:00,417 --> 01:00:02,208
and then you stand up
and leave the frame."

1069
01:00:02,291 --> 01:00:05,333
And... he would stand
next to the camera,

1070
01:00:05,417 --> 01:00:09,000
and there would be another
Beatle behind the camera...

1071
01:00:10,041 --> 01:00:11,959
just pressing the button.

1072
01:00:16,250 --> 01:00:18,041
News reporter:
There have also been
fresh clashes

1073
01:00:18,125 --> 01:00:20,667
in the rebel enclave of
Aleppo, Syria's second city,

1074
01:00:20,750 --> 01:00:23,083
and once its commercial heart.

1075
01:00:23,166 --> 01:00:26,000
( tanks firing )

1076
01:00:26,083 --> 01:00:28,500
El-Badawy:
As ISIS begin to
lose control of Aleppo,

1077
01:00:28,583 --> 01:00:31,583
Al-Absi, Emwazi,
and his fellow Beatles flee

1078
01:00:31,667 --> 01:00:34,875
to the safety of the state's
de facto capital, Raqqa.

1079
01:00:36,250 --> 01:00:39,291
Before fleeing,
they kill around 300

1080
01:00:39,375 --> 01:00:41,125
of the Syrian prisoners,

1081
01:00:41,208 --> 01:00:42,542
but they keep hold of
their precious cargo

1082
01:00:42,625 --> 01:00:43,667
of Western hostages.

1083
01:00:45,417 --> 01:00:47,750
Once they're in Raqqa,
Baghdadi appoints Al-Absi

1084
01:00:47,834 --> 01:00:50,750
to oversee the state's
media department.

1085
01:00:50,834 --> 01:00:52,500
This position gives
Al-Absi and his cell,

1086
01:00:52,583 --> 01:00:54,875
which includes Emwazi,

1087
01:00:54,959 --> 01:00:56,834
ample opportunity to reek havoc

1088
01:00:56,917 --> 01:00:58,959
using the hostages that remain.

1089
01:00:59,041 --> 01:01:03,375
( speaking in foreign language )

1090
01:01:11,250 --> 01:01:13,625
Man:
I appeal to the people
who have Jim

1091
01:01:13,709 --> 01:01:15,542
to give us some information

1092
01:01:15,625 --> 01:01:18,125
in terms of his welfare,
his health.

1093
01:01:18,208 --> 01:01:23,000
I tried very hard
to remind our government

1094
01:01:23,083 --> 01:01:28,375
that Jim was alive, but we
really didn't receive much help.

1095
01:01:28,458 --> 01:01:31,250
We received an email
from his captors,

1096
01:01:31,333 --> 01:01:35,208
they asked for
proof-of-life questions,

1097
01:01:35,291 --> 01:01:39,041
so they could assure
us they had Jim,

1098
01:01:39,125 --> 01:01:42,000
and we were very excited
to hear from them.

1099
01:01:42,083 --> 01:01:43,834
I mean of course there
was the proofs of life

1100
01:01:43,917 --> 01:01:46,041
where like the one
thing that sort of said

1101
01:01:46,125 --> 01:01:50,041
there's obviously
something going on.

1102
01:01:50,125 --> 01:01:55,041
I mean, we all were aware of
various government positions
on this issue.

1103
01:01:55,125 --> 01:01:58,375
Well, we don't negotiate
with terrorists or pay ransoms

1104
01:01:58,458 --> 01:02:01,208
or pursue those
kinds of activities

1105
01:02:01,291 --> 01:02:03,875
because it just
begets more terrorism,

1106
01:02:03,959 --> 01:02:05,709
it encourages more actions.

1107
01:02:05,792 --> 01:02:09,583
But of course, it's a very
difficult policy to explain

1108
01:02:09,667 --> 01:02:13,166
to the loved ones of someone
who has been kidnapped

1109
01:02:13,250 --> 01:02:15,917
and of course
the overall policy objective,

1110
01:02:16,000 --> 01:02:18,625
I think even they
can understand why,

1111
01:02:18,709 --> 01:02:21,542
but of course they want
an exception in their case.

1112
01:02:21,625 --> 01:02:24,709
We were back and forth on
email for about a month

1113
01:02:24,792 --> 01:02:28,458
and then they cut off all
communication after that.

1114
01:02:28,542 --> 01:02:32,458
So it was kind of a tease,
if you will.

1115
01:02:34,166 --> 01:02:35,792
Motka:
Dave and I always believed that

1116
01:02:35,875 --> 01:02:38,583
because we were taken together,
there was a good chance

1117
01:02:38,667 --> 01:02:41,083
that we would be
negotiated for together.

1118
01:02:41,166 --> 01:02:43,500
I genuinely believed
that there was an option

1119
01:02:43,583 --> 01:02:46,333
and then the moment
that you realized...

1120
01:02:48,333 --> 01:02:51,166
that I realized,
through that sort of

1121
01:02:51,250 --> 01:02:53,834
final proof-of-life process...

1122
01:02:55,000 --> 01:02:56,834
that this was only for me.

1123
01:02:59,166 --> 01:03:04,959
It was probably one
of the most bittersweet...

1124
01:03:06,208 --> 01:03:10,917
um... emotions
I think I've ever had.

1125
01:03:11,000 --> 01:03:13,375
When they eventually came
to the room and said,

1126
01:03:13,458 --> 01:03:17,625
"Okay, the four French here,
come and we were blindfold,

1127
01:03:17,709 --> 01:03:20,625
handcuffs,
and we take you out."

1128
01:03:20,709 --> 01:03:25,417
It was like, I just had time
to say well goodbye everybody.

1129
01:03:25,500 --> 01:03:29,583
We had no time for
big hugs or whatever.

1130
01:03:29,667 --> 01:03:32,542
For some reason the day
that I was picked up,

1131
01:03:32,625 --> 01:03:35,291
the Beatles were
super aggressive.

1132
01:03:35,375 --> 01:03:38,000
They pulled me into
the center, then they tried to,

1133
01:03:38,083 --> 01:03:41,250
they gave me a beating,
but then they took it out

1134
01:03:41,333 --> 01:03:44,083
on everyone around as well.

1135
01:03:44,166 --> 01:03:47,500
And just before they put
the blanket over my head,

1136
01:03:47,583 --> 01:03:52,041
they made me go back to
the door, and sort of say...

1137
01:03:52,125 --> 01:03:56,709
"and say goodbye
to your friends,"
or something like that.

1138
01:03:56,792 --> 01:03:59,834
Henin:
Normally when you
are taken hostage,

1139
01:03:59,917 --> 01:04:02,625
once you are released
you are free.

1140
01:04:02,709 --> 01:04:06,542
But in our case,
when were released,

1141
01:04:06,625 --> 01:04:09,542
we left 15 pals behind us.

1142
01:04:09,625 --> 01:04:14,667
You know these guys aren't
just people or friends,

1143
01:04:14,750 --> 01:04:17,166
they're brothers.

1144
01:04:17,250 --> 01:04:19,458
And I think I spent more
time sleeping next to David

1145
01:04:19,542 --> 01:04:23,291
than any girl at
that point in my life.

1146
01:04:23,375 --> 01:04:27,375
( helicopter blades whirling )

1147
01:04:27,458 --> 01:04:30,667
( applauding )

1148
01:04:30,750 --> 01:04:34,250
Foley:
We were very hopeful
when the Spanish hostages

1149
01:04:34,333 --> 01:04:36,208
were released in February.

1150
01:04:36,291 --> 01:04:39,166
Shortly thereafter,
the French were released,

1151
01:04:39,250 --> 01:04:41,583
and so we were
incredibly hopeful.

1152
01:04:41,667 --> 01:04:44,375
They told us that Jim
was alive and well,

1153
01:04:44,458 --> 01:04:47,917
and strong,
and were very encouraging.

1154
01:04:48,000 --> 01:04:54,250
And I actually returned
to France in July of 2014,

1155
01:04:54,333 --> 01:04:57,375
hoping to get some
help from France.

1156
01:04:57,458 --> 01:04:58,875
It was while I was in Paris

1157
01:04:58,959 --> 01:05:02,208
that we received
the threatening email.

1158
01:05:02,291 --> 01:05:03,959
Threatening to kill Jim.

1159
01:05:04,041 --> 01:05:06,667
I was hopeful they
were back in touch,

1160
01:05:06,750 --> 01:05:09,667
but again I was very naive.

1161
01:05:09,750 --> 01:05:12,875
I don't know if they
ever desired to negotiate.

1162
01:05:12,959 --> 01:05:14,417
It's hard to know...

1163
01:05:15,583 --> 01:05:17,667
but certainly
not at that hour...

1164
01:05:17,750 --> 01:05:19,125
they weren't.

1165
01:05:19,208 --> 01:05:20,709
I think they had come to realize

1166
01:05:20,792 --> 01:05:24,625
that Jim was worth
more as propaganda.

1167
01:05:33,875 --> 01:05:35,959
I call on my friends,
family and loved ones

1168
01:05:36,041 --> 01:05:39,333
to rise up against my real
killers, the U.S. government.

1169
01:05:45,750 --> 01:05:48,208
I was totally unaware of it

1170
01:05:48,291 --> 01:05:51,667
until an AP reporter

1171
01:05:51,750 --> 01:05:53,792
called me sobbing...

1172
01:05:55,417 --> 01:05:59,750
and I couldn't even understand
what she was crying about,

1173
01:05:59,834 --> 01:06:02,875
and she told me
to look on Twitter.

1174
01:06:04,709 --> 01:06:07,625
So that's when I saw the image

1175
01:06:07,709 --> 01:06:09,375
and...

1176
01:06:10,750 --> 01:06:12,625
I knew it was Jim...

1177
01:06:12,709 --> 01:06:15,583
and...
that's how I found out.

1178
01:06:15,667 --> 01:06:18,542
I didn't know if
it was authentic,

1179
01:06:18,625 --> 01:06:22,709
and so I reached out
to our FBI agent,

1180
01:06:22,792 --> 01:06:25,875
but really didn't hear
back from anybody.

1181
01:06:27,417 --> 01:06:29,875
So, I didn't know if it was true

1182
01:06:29,959 --> 01:06:35,375
until the president announced
it that evening on TV.

1183
01:06:38,792 --> 01:06:42,375
So it was... you know...

1184
01:06:43,375 --> 01:06:44,875
it was, um...

1185
01:06:46,750 --> 01:06:47,792
it was awful.

1186
01:06:48,875 --> 01:06:51,125
It was really very difficult.

1187
01:06:55,000 --> 01:06:58,583
The last time I
saw James and David

1188
01:06:58,667 --> 01:07:02,417
and a lot of the others was
when the videos came out.

1189
01:07:03,834 --> 01:07:08,166
And then the message
to America, it was, it said...

1190
01:07:08,250 --> 01:07:11,959
I don't like to use their words.

1191
01:07:12,041 --> 01:07:15,667
I like to, uh, be, uh...

1192
01:07:15,750 --> 01:07:18,542
precise and factual.

1193
01:07:18,625 --> 01:07:21,667
That was a...

1194
01:07:21,750 --> 01:07:23,500
filmed murder.

1195
01:07:23,583 --> 01:07:24,709
That's it.

1196
01:07:29,458 --> 01:07:31,000
Of an innocent journalist.

1197
01:07:34,750 --> 01:07:35,959
Of a hostage.

1198
01:07:39,250 --> 01:07:40,458
But, um...

1199
01:07:43,458 --> 01:07:44,500
Yeah.

1200
01:07:48,750 --> 01:07:49,750
I would say...

1201
01:07:51,709 --> 01:07:53,125
we were told...

1202
01:07:55,875 --> 01:07:58,417
and then once the
first one came out,

1203
01:07:58,500 --> 01:08:00,667
sort of...

1204
01:08:00,750 --> 01:08:03,291
there was the threat
of the second, the next.

1205
01:08:15,792 --> 01:08:18,875
So then after that
you know, it's just...

1206
01:08:20,542 --> 01:08:21,583
will it, won't it,

1207
01:08:21,667 --> 01:08:23,291
and then the second...

1208
01:08:25,917 --> 01:08:27,667
and, yeah, it was just...

1209
01:08:31,000 --> 01:08:35,917
Henin:
David was a very complex
and interesting character.

1210
01:08:36,000 --> 01:08:37,792
Very smart.

1211
01:08:39,583 --> 01:08:42,792
Very good at
understanding people.

1212
01:08:43,959 --> 01:08:45,583
Very supportive, also.

1213
01:08:45,667 --> 01:08:49,041
Motka:
Generally, we were all
very close as a group,

1214
01:08:49,125 --> 01:08:52,959
but of course everyone
has maybe one individual

1215
01:08:53,041 --> 01:08:54,875
that they would turn to...

1216
01:08:57,417 --> 01:08:59,583
and for me that was Dave.

1217
01:09:01,083 --> 01:09:03,834
Um... you know he, he...

1218
01:09:08,792 --> 01:09:10,375
I hope I was of...

1219
01:09:13,458 --> 01:09:14,959
of help to him.

1220
01:09:15,041 --> 01:09:16,208
Um...

1221
01:09:17,417 --> 01:09:21,417
But, I know, I think I was...

1222
01:09:21,500 --> 01:09:22,875
able to sort of

1223
01:09:22,959 --> 01:09:26,166
give what I could, and I
think everyone did the same.

1224
01:09:34,000 --> 01:09:36,792
( sirens whirling )

1225
01:09:41,625 --> 01:09:44,291
Haines:
I had been at my boyfriend's
house that night,

1226
01:09:44,375 --> 01:09:46,500
and he lives
in the middle of nowhere,

1227
01:09:46,583 --> 01:09:48,709
next thing I know there's
a knock at the door

1228
01:09:48,792 --> 01:09:51,500
and all I can remember is
seeing the blue flashing lights

1229
01:09:51,583 --> 01:09:52,917
reflected in the window.

1230
01:09:53,000 --> 01:09:54,208
I still didn't click on.

1231
01:09:54,291 --> 01:09:55,875
I thought I had done
something wrong.

1232
01:09:55,959 --> 01:09:57,792
I was terrified, thinking
what am I going to tell my mum

1233
01:09:57,875 --> 01:09:59,625
when I'm in the back
of a police car.

1234
01:09:59,709 --> 01:10:02,834
And then I heard her voice,
and my boyfriend said,

1235
01:10:02,917 --> 01:10:04,083
"Is it her dad?"

1236
01:10:04,166 --> 01:10:05,417
My mum said yeah.

1237
01:10:06,583 --> 01:10:08,417
And I remember
deliberately taking ages

1238
01:10:08,500 --> 01:10:09,875
to come out of the room

1239
01:10:09,959 --> 01:10:11,208
'cause I knew what
was going to come,

1240
01:10:11,291 --> 01:10:12,792
and I just didn't
want to hear it,

1241
01:10:12,875 --> 01:10:16,667
and my mum had said to me
a video had been released.

1242
01:10:16,750 --> 01:10:18,166
"It's of your dad."

1243
01:10:18,250 --> 01:10:21,542
And that was
the moment that I found out

1244
01:10:21,625 --> 01:10:24,291
that my dad certainly
wouldn't be coming home.

1245
01:10:33,417 --> 01:10:35,417
My name is
David Cawthorne Haines.

1246
01:10:44,291 --> 01:10:46,083
Haines:
It took me months
to be able to cry.

1247
01:10:46,166 --> 01:10:48,959
I didn't feel any
kind of sadness.

1248
01:10:49,041 --> 01:10:50,500
It was anger...

1249
01:10:52,000 --> 01:10:53,291
and then there was also hope.

1250
01:10:53,375 --> 01:10:55,750
Hope that the others
would get out,

1251
01:10:55,834 --> 01:10:58,417
such as Alan Henning,
Peter Kassig.

1252
01:10:58,500 --> 01:11:01,291
We all prayed and hoped
that they would get out.

1253
01:11:01,375 --> 01:11:04,750
Walton:
So there was public pressure
to name this individual,

1254
01:11:04,834 --> 01:11:07,583
but we knew that if
we were to name Emwazi,

1255
01:11:07,667 --> 01:11:11,667
there was a high risk that
he would conduct more murders

1256
01:11:11,750 --> 01:11:13,792
and more beheadings of hostages.

1257
01:11:13,875 --> 01:11:15,542
In James Foley's video,

1258
01:11:15,625 --> 01:11:17,917
obviously Steven Sotloff
was featured at the end.

1259
01:11:18,000 --> 01:11:20,458
Emwazi:
The life of this
American citizen, Obama,

1260
01:11:20,542 --> 01:11:22,417
depends on your next decision.

1261
01:11:22,500 --> 01:11:23,667
And then the next video,
it's my dad,

1262
01:11:23,750 --> 01:11:25,625
and the one after it was Alan.

1263
01:11:25,709 --> 01:11:27,458
Emwazi:
If you, Cameron, persist

1264
01:11:27,542 --> 01:11:28,875
in fighting the Islamic State,

1265
01:11:28,959 --> 01:11:30,917
then you,
like your master Obama,

1266
01:11:31,000 --> 01:11:34,083
will have the blood
of your people on your hands.

1267
01:11:34,166 --> 01:11:38,458
At the time that Jihadi John
had killed his third hostage,

1268
01:11:38,542 --> 01:11:40,709
all you're able to see then,
is that this is the third,

1269
01:11:40,792 --> 01:11:43,291
and how many more of these
are there going to be?

1270
01:11:43,375 --> 01:11:46,250
What terrorists want above all
is a reaction,

1271
01:11:46,333 --> 01:11:51,083
and ISIS, and in particular
Jihadi John and his mates,

1272
01:11:51,166 --> 01:11:54,041
spent the summer
of 2014 seeking a reaction.

1273
01:11:54,125 --> 01:11:57,458
You had this sequence of
increasingly grisly videos.

1274
01:11:57,542 --> 01:12:00,750
They were very,
very skillful propaganda.

1275
01:12:00,834 --> 01:12:05,875
They recreated the medieval
barbarity of the 7th century

1276
01:12:05,959 --> 01:12:07,625
with these great
bladed weapons,

1277
01:12:07,709 --> 01:12:10,583
the beheadings, it was all
on the sands of the desert

1278
01:12:10,667 --> 01:12:13,667
and the world's media
I am afraid fell for it.

1279
01:12:13,750 --> 01:12:16,166
And of course, with
the level of interest

1280
01:12:16,250 --> 01:12:17,625
and the level of coverage,

1281
01:12:17,709 --> 01:12:20,125
the level of fear
went up as well.

1282
01:12:20,208 --> 01:12:22,166
Images were released
showing the beheading

1283
01:12:22,250 --> 01:12:24,125
of American journalist
James Foley.

1284
01:12:24,208 --> 01:12:26,291
Today the entire
world is appalled.

1285
01:12:26,375 --> 01:12:27,834
It is an act of murder.

1286
01:12:27,917 --> 01:12:30,333
The video is too
graphic for us to show.

1287
01:12:30,417 --> 01:12:34,709
And it also speaks
to how barbaric

1288
01:12:34,792 --> 01:12:36,041
and gruesome this can all be.

1289
01:12:36,125 --> 01:12:38,166
Reporter:
All eyes are on his eyes.

1290
01:12:38,250 --> 01:12:41,083
Again speaking in English
with a British accent.

1291
01:12:42,083 --> 01:12:45,250
I recognized John, for sure.

1292
01:12:47,250 --> 01:12:48,917
The John I met there,

1293
01:12:49,000 --> 01:12:50,834
( mumbles )

1294
01:12:50,917 --> 01:12:53,667
I recognized his voice.

1295
01:12:53,750 --> 01:12:57,667
I recognize his style.

1296
01:12:57,750 --> 01:12:59,458
People across this country

1297
01:12:59,542 --> 01:13:01,750
would have been
sickened by the fact

1298
01:13:01,834 --> 01:13:04,709
that it could have
been a British citizen,

1299
01:13:04,792 --> 01:13:07,792
a British citizen
who could have carried out

1300
01:13:07,875 --> 01:13:10,208
this unspeakable act.

1301
01:13:10,291 --> 01:13:11,709
Somebody must have decided

1302
01:13:11,792 --> 01:13:14,875
that allowing Emwazi
who was relatively junior,

1303
01:13:14,959 --> 01:13:19,458
to be filmed executing hostages

1304
01:13:19,542 --> 01:13:22,583
was going to be a good
and powerful idea.

1305
01:13:22,667 --> 01:13:26,000
And if you look at
Emwazi as an adversary,

1306
01:13:26,083 --> 01:13:30,750
he certainly wasn't a glorious
battlefield commander,

1307
01:13:30,834 --> 01:13:32,417
he wasn't that.

1308
01:13:32,500 --> 01:13:37,625
He wasn't high in the ISIS
hierarchy such as it was,

1309
01:13:37,709 --> 01:13:39,375
but he was a powerful

1310
01:13:39,458 --> 01:13:43,542
and credible adversary
nonetheless.

1311
01:13:43,625 --> 01:13:44,667
Why?

1312
01:13:45,917 --> 01:13:47,583
He was from us.

1313
01:13:47,667 --> 01:13:49,792
He was of us.

1314
01:13:49,875 --> 01:13:52,834
And so, he knew us
instinctively.

1315
01:13:57,333 --> 01:13:59,625
Emwazi:
The blood of David Haines
is on your hands Cameron.

1316
01:13:59,709 --> 01:14:02,250
Alan Henning
will also be slaughtered,

1317
01:14:02,333 --> 01:14:05,333
but his blood is on the hand
of the British parliament.

1318
01:14:12,041 --> 01:14:14,667
With each video
there was a sense

1319
01:14:14,750 --> 01:14:17,375
of this is getting
slightly out of control.

1320
01:14:17,458 --> 01:14:21,000
How is it that we're losing
the power dynamic here?

1321
01:14:21,083 --> 01:14:24,625
Verkaik:
This is Emwazi telling
the world about not just

1322
01:14:24,709 --> 01:14:28,792
what the Islamic State
think of America and Britain,

1323
01:14:28,875 --> 01:14:31,041
this is Mohammed Emwazi
telling the world

1324
01:14:31,125 --> 01:14:34,333
what he thinks
about Britain and America.

1325
01:14:34,417 --> 01:14:37,000
This is his very
own personal message,

1326
01:14:37,083 --> 01:14:42,333
and the venomous tone
and the snarling attacks

1327
01:14:42,417 --> 01:14:47,834
on Obama and Cameron, I think,
are very much Mohammed Emwazi.

1328
01:14:47,917 --> 01:14:49,834
( Mohammed Emwazi speaking )

1329
01:14:57,583 --> 01:14:59,083
Emwazi:
I'm back, Obama,

1330
01:14:59,166 --> 01:15:01,000
and I'm back because of
your arrogant foreign policy

1331
01:15:01,083 --> 01:15:03,333
towards the Islamic State.

1332
01:15:03,417 --> 01:15:06,417
And politicians will
always want to try and present

1333
01:15:06,500 --> 01:15:08,875
the situation
as one of being in control,

1334
01:15:08,959 --> 01:15:11,000
but we clearly
weren't in control.

1335
01:15:11,083 --> 01:15:14,000
Man:
I think those awful images
cut right through

1336
01:15:14,083 --> 01:15:16,750
to the American public
in the relative sanctuary

1337
01:15:16,834 --> 01:15:19,250
we felt emotionally before 9/11,

1338
01:15:19,333 --> 01:15:21,000
and then we had 9/11
and it was like,

1339
01:15:21,083 --> 01:15:25,417
oh, this was such a shock,
and then the war in Afghanistan,

1340
01:15:25,500 --> 01:15:27,500
and then Iraq.

1341
01:15:27,583 --> 01:15:29,083
So you have a war-weary
American public,

1342
01:15:29,166 --> 01:15:32,500
and then this horrific scene
of an American man murdered

1343
01:15:32,583 --> 01:15:35,625
for the world to see,
so I think it really
had America

1344
01:15:35,709 --> 01:15:38,709
torn about what to go do.

1345
01:15:38,792 --> 01:15:43,625
If you threaten America,
you will find no safe haven.

1346
01:15:43,709 --> 01:15:45,125
The next ISIS video comes out,

1347
01:15:45,208 --> 01:15:46,834
the next ISIS
beheading comes out.

1348
01:15:46,917 --> 01:15:48,291
Jihadi John's on TV again.

1349
01:15:48,375 --> 01:15:50,709
"Bakr Al Baghdadi said this."

1350
01:15:50,792 --> 01:15:52,041
You know all these...

1351
01:15:52,125 --> 01:15:54,750
So there was just this
wave of information.

1352
01:15:54,834 --> 01:15:56,166
It seemed like we were losing.

1353
01:15:56,250 --> 01:15:59,500
Now I tell you we never
were losing in my mind,

1354
01:15:59,583 --> 01:16:01,583
but it sure did seem
that way at a few points.

1355
01:16:01,667 --> 01:16:03,417
Civil society will be
asking its government,

1356
01:16:03,500 --> 01:16:06,917
well why is this happening
and why can't you stop it,

1357
01:16:07,000 --> 01:16:08,875
and what does it mean
for our relationships

1358
01:16:08,959 --> 01:16:11,291
with our fellow citizens
of different faiths.

1359
01:16:11,375 --> 01:16:13,500
So whatever the substance
of these issues,

1360
01:16:13,583 --> 01:16:16,208
this is just one man
doing brutal things

1361
01:16:16,291 --> 01:16:17,583
in another part of the world.

1362
01:16:17,667 --> 01:16:21,291
The effect on politics
and society is profound.

1363
01:16:21,375 --> 01:16:23,625
Hannigan:
The prime minister
made it very clear

1364
01:16:23,709 --> 01:16:26,625
that we had a responsibility
to these British citizens.

1365
01:16:26,709 --> 01:16:28,917
He took it as a high priority

1366
01:16:29,000 --> 01:16:30,875
and instructed us to take
it as a high priority.

1367
01:16:35,333 --> 01:16:41,500
For us at GCHQ,
this was a largely desk
screen-based campaign.

1368
01:16:41,583 --> 01:16:44,250
In Afghanistan we
could climb up towers

1369
01:16:44,333 --> 01:16:46,208
and do all the things we
need to do on the ground.

1370
01:16:46,291 --> 01:16:48,083
None of that was
possible in Raqqa.

1371
01:16:48,166 --> 01:16:51,000
If you looked at
a picture of Raqqa,

1372
01:16:51,083 --> 01:16:53,959
you would see these
little V-Sat terminals,

1373
01:16:54,041 --> 01:16:56,083
so these little satellite
dishes all over the roofs.

1374
01:16:56,166 --> 01:16:59,917
And they were connecting direct
to the internet in practice,

1375
01:17:00,000 --> 01:17:02,542
and that's the way that
people were communicating.

1376
01:17:02,625 --> 01:17:07,208
They were not using telephone
company, GSM networks,
because they didn't trust them.

1377
01:17:07,291 --> 01:17:09,542
Warren:
Mohammed Emwazi, look,
he'd been reading the newspaper

1378
01:17:09,625 --> 01:17:11,125
and watching TV just
like the rest of us.

1379
01:17:11,208 --> 01:17:14,625
He knows that we're
coming after him.

1380
01:17:14,709 --> 01:17:19,000
He went to great lengths
to prevent being captured.

1381
01:17:21,083 --> 01:17:22,291
He was an interesting case

1382
01:17:22,375 --> 01:17:25,250
because he had studied
computer science

1383
01:17:25,333 --> 01:17:27,500
and he had been
in the IT business.

1384
01:17:27,583 --> 01:17:29,208
He had clearly
taught himself a lot.

1385
01:17:29,291 --> 01:17:31,125
He understood, therefore,
the best way

1386
01:17:31,208 --> 01:17:34,667
to avoid surveillance
and was good at it.

1387
01:17:36,125 --> 01:17:39,250
He communicated very rarely,
and when he did,

1388
01:17:39,333 --> 01:17:41,125
mostly around the hostages,

1389
01:17:41,208 --> 01:17:46,041
he used a whole series of
commercially available products

1390
01:17:46,125 --> 01:17:50,542
to obscure his identity,
including very strong
encryption,

1391
01:17:50,625 --> 01:17:52,875
and including
virtual private networks.

1392
01:17:52,959 --> 01:17:55,500
Any one of those products
would be very, very difficult

1393
01:17:55,583 --> 01:17:57,125
for an agency to tackle.

1394
01:17:57,208 --> 01:17:59,709
What he was doing was layering
them on top of each other.

1395
01:17:59,792 --> 01:18:04,000
Any agency's ambition,
if they can find the machine

1396
01:18:04,083 --> 01:18:07,041
that a terrorist is using,
is to put something on to it

1397
01:18:07,125 --> 01:18:09,709
which will stay there
and communicate back

1398
01:18:09,792 --> 01:18:11,333
what that person is doing.

1399
01:18:11,417 --> 01:18:15,458
What Emwazi was able
to do was to ensure

1400
01:18:15,542 --> 01:18:17,500
that every time he
switched off his machine

1401
01:18:17,583 --> 01:18:20,709
it was wiped of
anything and everything,

1402
01:18:20,792 --> 01:18:22,959
and that made it
extremely difficult

1403
01:18:23,041 --> 01:18:25,667
and very, very time consuming
to do anything really

1404
01:18:25,750 --> 01:18:27,667
with his communications.

1405
01:18:27,750 --> 01:18:29,667
It's never straightforward

1406
01:18:29,750 --> 01:18:32,583
and it can take a very,
very long time

1407
01:18:32,667 --> 01:18:35,458
and in this case, of course,
it did take a long time.

1408
01:18:39,041 --> 01:18:43,375
Obama, you have started your
aerial bombardment in Sham,

1409
01:18:43,458 --> 01:18:45,333
which keeps on
striking our people.

1410
01:18:45,417 --> 01:18:47,041
So it's only right we continue

1411
01:18:47,125 --> 01:18:49,417
to strike the necks
of your people.

1412
01:18:54,291 --> 01:18:56,041
Warren:
Every single time he
would do something,

1413
01:18:56,125 --> 01:18:58,917
we would see a significant
spike in social media activity

1414
01:18:59,000 --> 01:19:01,250
surrounding ISIS.

1415
01:19:01,333 --> 01:19:02,834
We would see a significant spike

1416
01:19:02,917 --> 01:19:05,375
in recruiting success for ISIS.

1417
01:19:05,458 --> 01:19:07,041
Know that you can't
fight any of those things

1418
01:19:07,125 --> 01:19:08,792
with bombs and bullets.

1419
01:19:08,875 --> 01:19:11,250
Those types of things had to
be fought with information.

1420
01:19:11,333 --> 01:19:13,250
And this was my responsibility,

1421
01:19:14,542 --> 01:19:17,500
to try to counter
his atrocities.

1422
01:19:17,583 --> 01:19:22,959
You have here an ordinary
young British man

1423
01:19:23,041 --> 01:19:26,625
who left London
and went into Syria.

1424
01:19:30,125 --> 01:19:32,667
Who is now appearing on the TV,

1425
01:19:32,750 --> 01:19:35,583
slaughtering people's life.

1426
01:19:35,667 --> 01:19:39,500
Obviously, this had a huge
impact on many young Muslims,

1427
01:19:39,583 --> 01:19:43,208
so that, "Wow,
I am sitting here in London,"

1428
01:19:43,291 --> 01:19:44,583
or "I'm sitting
here in Birmingham,

1429
01:19:44,667 --> 01:19:46,083
I am sitting here
in Manchester,"

1430
01:19:46,166 --> 01:19:49,250
and that he is out
there doing the fight.

1431
01:19:49,333 --> 01:19:51,709
Not only he is doing it,
but doing it in a way

1432
01:19:51,792 --> 01:19:55,917
that is very much a Hollywood
way of dramatizing things.

1433
01:19:56,000 --> 01:19:58,333
Jesse Morton:
That attracted the
concern of non-Muslims

1434
01:19:58,417 --> 01:20:01,125
that are also looking for
a reason to denounce Islam.

1435
01:20:01,208 --> 01:20:03,583
If anybody wants to point
to Islam as a religion

1436
01:20:03,667 --> 01:20:06,000
that breeds barbarity,
it's Jihadi John.

1437
01:20:06,083 --> 01:20:09,834
It's a complete perfect example,
as I was back in the day.

1438
01:20:09,917 --> 01:20:12,375
But this was an exorbitant
level of violence.

1439
01:20:12,458 --> 01:20:15,333
This was a level of violence
unseen before.

1440
01:20:15,417 --> 01:20:18,125
Mamadou Bocum:
What Jihadi John did,
in my opinion,

1441
01:20:18,208 --> 01:20:21,750
for the first time
helped ordinary Muslims

1442
01:20:21,834 --> 01:20:24,875
to say, "Wow there is
something that is not right."

1443
01:20:24,959 --> 01:20:27,625
I think these things
always escalate,

1444
01:20:27,709 --> 01:20:30,625
so they started very
brutal anyway, frankly,

1445
01:20:30,709 --> 01:20:32,458
the first execution video,

1446
01:20:32,542 --> 01:20:35,208
although it stopped short of
showing the actual beheading,

1447
01:20:35,291 --> 01:20:37,500
was horrific in its own way.

1448
01:20:37,583 --> 01:20:40,959
But as time went on,
for whatever reason,

1449
01:20:41,041 --> 01:20:44,625
they must have decided to
take that self-censorship away

1450
01:20:44,709 --> 01:20:45,875
and just push it all out.

1451
01:20:45,959 --> 01:20:47,500
Clearly it did escalate up,

1452
01:20:47,583 --> 01:20:49,709
and the killing of
the Jordanian pilot by fire

1453
01:20:49,792 --> 01:20:52,250
was particularly gruesome.

1454
01:20:52,333 --> 01:20:54,875
The turning point really
was when they burned the pilot.

1455
01:20:54,959 --> 01:20:57,500
The prophet Mohammed,
peace be upon him,

1456
01:20:57,583 --> 01:21:00,166
famously taught that
only the lord of fire

1457
01:21:00,250 --> 01:21:01,834
can punish with fire.

1458
01:21:01,917 --> 01:21:04,333
El-Badawy:
The burning of
anything in Islam

1459
01:21:04,417 --> 01:21:07,166
that is a living being
was completely forbidden,

1460
01:21:07,250 --> 01:21:09,959
and most Muslims would
know that basic principal.

1461
01:21:10,041 --> 01:21:13,166
It was shot in a style
that was pioneered by Emwazi,

1462
01:21:13,250 --> 01:21:15,208
and it's actually
believed he was there

1463
01:21:15,291 --> 01:21:16,583
while it was being filmed.

1464
01:21:21,792 --> 01:21:23,917
And so this was a complete
eye opening moment

1465
01:21:24,000 --> 01:21:26,750
where if anybody ever
had an ounce of sympathy

1466
01:21:26,834 --> 01:21:29,041
that was Muslim for this group,

1467
01:21:29,125 --> 01:21:31,709
it was impossible
to still continue

1468
01:21:31,792 --> 01:21:34,208
to believe that this
group represented Islam.

1469
01:21:34,291 --> 01:21:35,834
( speaking in foreign language )

1470
01:21:35,917 --> 01:21:40,166
Translator:
...a criminal gang
that has no relation

1471
01:21:40,250 --> 01:21:41,917
to our noble religion.

1472
01:21:42,000 --> 01:21:43,709
El-Badawy:
The video of the pilot

1473
01:21:43,792 --> 01:21:45,709
illustrated
the hubris of the group,

1474
01:21:45,792 --> 01:21:48,208
and it ultimately
undermined the effectiveness

1475
01:21:48,291 --> 01:21:49,875
of the ISIS propaganda machine.

1476
01:21:49,959 --> 01:21:53,125
We will redouble the vigilance,

1477
01:21:53,208 --> 01:21:58,041
and determination on
the part of a global coalition

1478
01:21:58,125 --> 01:22:02,417
to make sure
that they are degraded
and ultimately defeated.

1479
01:22:02,500 --> 01:22:07,000
By being able to engage in
something so unthinkable

1480
01:22:07,083 --> 01:22:08,500
you attracted worldwide media,

1481
01:22:08,583 --> 01:22:10,000
you were in the media
stream every day,

1482
01:22:10,083 --> 01:22:11,834
you were the complete
concentration

1483
01:22:11,917 --> 01:22:14,250
of the entire
international community,

1484
01:22:14,333 --> 01:22:16,500
you also made it much
easier for people

1485
01:22:16,583 --> 01:22:19,583
to accept the fact that the
state you claim to be defending

1486
01:22:19,667 --> 01:22:21,625
should be dismantled and
should be bombed from above

1487
01:22:21,709 --> 01:22:24,000
and should incorporate
a coalition against you.

1488
01:22:24,083 --> 01:22:25,583
So as a former propagandist,

1489
01:22:25,667 --> 01:22:28,041
I would say it was
completely counterproductive.

1490
01:22:41,834 --> 01:22:43,291
Wise:
What did Mohammed Emwazi mean

1491
01:22:43,375 --> 01:22:45,250
to those who were
fighting the fight

1492
01:22:45,333 --> 01:22:47,875
against the Islamic State.

1493
01:22:47,959 --> 01:22:52,250
This hunt for
Jihadi John was personal

1494
01:22:52,333 --> 01:22:55,417
and his nationality
mattered not one wit.

1495
01:22:55,500 --> 01:22:57,792
For us, this was as personal

1496
01:22:57,875 --> 01:23:00,875
as if he'd been
an American citizen.

1497
01:23:00,959 --> 01:23:06,875
What we needed to do was find,
fix and finish Emwazi.

1498
01:23:06,959 --> 01:23:11,000
A very, very important target,
and ultimately, of course,

1499
01:23:11,083 --> 01:23:14,125
as they say
in the manhunt business,

1500
01:23:14,208 --> 01:23:15,792
ended up on the X.

1501
01:23:15,875 --> 01:23:19,333
Very broadly,
there are three phases.

1502
01:23:19,417 --> 01:23:23,083
The first is just gathering
intelligence about this person,

1503
01:23:23,166 --> 01:23:26,166
based on that,
there is then a phase

1504
01:23:26,250 --> 01:23:28,500
in which you hope to build
up a pattern of life.

1505
01:23:28,583 --> 01:23:31,834
You need a certain regularity
to understand their behavior,

1506
01:23:31,917 --> 01:23:34,458
where they are going to
be on a particular day.

1507
01:23:34,542 --> 01:23:36,083
You also need to make decisions

1508
01:23:36,166 --> 01:23:38,166
about the deployment
of aerial assets

1509
01:23:38,250 --> 01:23:42,041
'cause so much of this is
about reconnaissance from above.

1510
01:23:45,917 --> 01:23:47,500
Warren:
We start to realize,

1511
01:23:47,583 --> 01:23:49,625
we think we know
exactly where he is.

1512
01:23:49,709 --> 01:23:52,792
So have a drone take
a look at that spot.

1513
01:23:54,500 --> 01:23:57,041
( drones humming )

1514
01:23:58,750 --> 01:24:00,500
We'd been very clear that...

1515
01:24:00,583 --> 01:24:03,000
we'd intended to minimize
civilian casualties

1516
01:24:03,083 --> 01:24:05,125
as we prosecuted this
fight against ISIS.

1517
01:24:05,208 --> 01:24:07,750
Jihadi John was able to
read between the lines

1518
01:24:07,834 --> 01:24:10,041
and he understood that
if he surrounded himself

1519
01:24:10,125 --> 01:24:12,417
with civilians,
with non-combatants,

1520
01:24:12,500 --> 01:24:15,041
that we would be very reticent
to try to strike at him.

1521
01:24:15,125 --> 01:24:18,041
Wise:
And this boy knew if he
had any hope for survival

1522
01:24:18,125 --> 01:24:22,208
he had to blend in
to the citizens of Raqqa.

1523
01:24:22,291 --> 01:24:27,500
He had to look from
a distance just like them.

1524
01:24:27,583 --> 01:24:31,083
It's no longer looking
for a needle in a haystack,

1525
01:24:31,166 --> 01:24:34,709
this is like looking for
a needle in a stack of needles.

1526
01:24:34,792 --> 01:24:38,333
Hannigan:
You have to remember
that these terrorists

1527
01:24:38,417 --> 01:24:41,583
are leading lives alongside
their terrorist operations.

1528
01:24:41,667 --> 01:24:43,792
Where we could see
what they were doing,

1529
01:24:43,875 --> 01:24:46,709
they were doing very
much what young men

1530
01:24:46,792 --> 01:24:48,709
of their generation
would do so,

1531
01:24:48,792 --> 01:24:52,667
so be looking at football
and porn and films,

1532
01:24:52,750 --> 01:24:55,542
but in amongst that
was attack planning

1533
01:24:55,625 --> 01:24:59,542
and violent extremist
material and, of course,

1534
01:24:59,625 --> 01:25:01,166
fueling their own impact,

1535
01:25:01,250 --> 01:25:03,667
seeing their own kind of
celebrity being created,

1536
01:25:03,750 --> 01:25:06,208
that must have
been intoxicating.

1537
01:25:06,291 --> 01:25:10,208
Warren:
So the net slowly, slowly,
slowly begins to tighten.

1538
01:25:10,291 --> 01:25:11,792
Finally, yesterday he was here

1539
01:25:11,875 --> 01:25:14,625
and now we have good reason
to believe that tomorrow

1540
01:25:14,709 --> 01:25:17,041
he's gonna be there,
and that's the tipping point.

1541
01:25:17,125 --> 01:25:21,083
Once we start talking about
where do we think he's gonna be

1542
01:25:21,166 --> 01:25:23,917
that in my mind
is when I know, okay,

1543
01:25:24,000 --> 01:25:25,250
we're locked in on him now.

1544
01:25:25,333 --> 01:25:26,875
I think where you
have any target,

1545
01:25:26,959 --> 01:25:30,500
who is very good at
communication security

1546
01:25:30,583 --> 01:25:33,041
they are almost always
made vulnerable by others

1547
01:25:33,125 --> 01:25:36,083
that they communicate with,
so those around them.

1548
01:25:38,667 --> 01:25:39,875
Verkaik:
Throughout his life,

1549
01:25:39,959 --> 01:25:43,166
Mohammed Emwazi
had wanted a family,

1550
01:25:43,250 --> 01:25:46,458
he pursued two engagements,
one woman in London,

1551
01:25:46,542 --> 01:25:49,208
one in Kuwait,
it was the one desire,

1552
01:25:49,291 --> 01:25:51,709
which he continued
to pursue in Syria.

1553
01:25:51,792 --> 01:25:54,875
It turned out to be
his greatest weakness.

1554
01:25:54,959 --> 01:25:56,458
You know his family
was a little bit

1555
01:25:56,542 --> 01:25:57,959
of a vulnerability right?

1556
01:25:58,041 --> 01:26:00,208
He had his, I think,
ISIS issued wife that he got

1557
01:26:00,291 --> 01:26:01,709
when he was in Syria.

1558
01:26:01,792 --> 01:26:03,792
And he knew
that he was a target,

1559
01:26:03,875 --> 01:26:05,250
and he'd taken
appropriate action,

1560
01:26:05,333 --> 01:26:06,750
but the one thing
he couldn't do,

1561
01:26:06,834 --> 01:26:08,125
the one thing he
wasn't prepared to do,

1562
01:26:08,208 --> 01:26:10,542
was to not spend
time with his family.

1563
01:26:10,625 --> 01:26:13,291
Once he had established
a family in Raqqa,

1564
01:26:13,375 --> 01:26:14,500
they knew where to find him.

1565
01:26:14,583 --> 01:26:16,667
They didn't need
to track him 24/7.

1566
01:26:16,750 --> 01:26:18,250
They just had
to watch the family,

1567
01:26:18,333 --> 01:26:20,709
and similarly,
wait for him to turn up.

1568
01:26:20,792 --> 01:26:23,875
Warren:
He was very careful
about his actions,

1569
01:26:23,959 --> 01:26:26,542
but you know what,
they all slip up eventually.

1570
01:26:26,625 --> 01:26:30,458
Every one of these guys,
to a one,

1571
01:26:30,542 --> 01:26:32,500
including the most famous
one Osama Bin Laden,

1572
01:26:32,583 --> 01:26:36,333
they all make a mistake
and when they do,

1573
01:26:36,417 --> 01:26:37,834
we kill them.

1574
01:26:37,917 --> 01:26:40,750
( clock ticking )

1575
01:26:44,500 --> 01:26:47,917
( plane engines roaring )

1576
01:26:49,166 --> 01:26:51,709
So eventually,
we acquire our target.

1577
01:26:51,792 --> 01:26:54,208
We're fairly certain
that it's Jihadi John,

1578
01:26:54,291 --> 01:26:56,709
and we see him,
along with some colleagues.

1579
01:26:56,792 --> 01:26:57,917
enter into a vehicle.

1580
01:26:58,000 --> 01:26:59,834
So the location is Raqqa.

1581
01:26:59,917 --> 01:27:02,667
We believed at the time
that he was heading
to the city center,

1582
01:27:02,750 --> 01:27:04,375
and this goes on for some time.

1583
01:27:04,458 --> 01:27:06,041
He's driving around for,
I don't know,

1584
01:27:06,125 --> 01:27:08,625
it might have been 45,
it was a while.

1585
01:27:16,750 --> 01:27:18,208
Inside of that ops center,

1586
01:27:18,291 --> 01:27:21,041
the hunt for Jihadi
John was fairly routine.

1587
01:27:21,125 --> 01:27:23,125
For me personally,
I was more invested.

1588
01:27:23,208 --> 01:27:24,792
You know, he was my foe.

1589
01:27:24,875 --> 01:27:29,041
I had been trading blows with
him for months at this point.

1590
01:27:29,125 --> 01:27:32,125
So you know,
as we're following him around

1591
01:27:32,208 --> 01:27:35,333
and what we're really looking
for is an opportunity
to strike him.

1592
01:27:35,417 --> 01:27:37,500
You might be able
to see an area,

1593
01:27:37,583 --> 01:27:39,750
but perhaps the missile
can't negotiate

1594
01:27:39,834 --> 01:27:43,083
around the various buildings
or population density.

1595
01:27:43,166 --> 01:27:46,875
So, we're trying to
find the opportune time

1596
01:27:46,959 --> 01:27:48,208
to take the shot.

1597
01:27:48,291 --> 01:27:50,750
Because remember,
if you shoot and miss

1598
01:27:50,834 --> 01:27:52,291
well guess what, now he knows.

1599
01:27:52,375 --> 01:27:53,917
Now he knows that
we're shooting at him.

1600
01:27:54,000 --> 01:27:57,750
And sure enough,
eventually he moves his vehicle

1601
01:27:57,834 --> 01:27:59,583
into a relatively open area.

1602
01:27:59,667 --> 01:28:04,333
In fact, ISIS had used
previously for executions,

1603
01:28:04,417 --> 01:28:06,125
sort of a little
poetic justice I guess.

1604
01:28:06,208 --> 01:28:10,583
His vehicle stops and we see
a figure exit the vehicle.

1605
01:28:10,667 --> 01:28:13,583
We don't know what he's doing,
but we did know that

1606
01:28:13,667 --> 01:28:16,583
this is not a bad
little location here.

1607
01:28:16,667 --> 01:28:18,375
He steps out of the vehicle,

1608
01:28:18,458 --> 01:28:19,959
and now we have an opportunity

1609
01:28:20,041 --> 01:28:23,458
to really try to triple check
that this is Jihadi John.

1610
01:28:23,542 --> 01:28:25,542
Because of the conditions,
it was night,

1611
01:28:25,625 --> 01:28:28,125
we're using infrared,
you can't see his face.

1612
01:28:28,208 --> 01:28:30,166
But we could sort
of see how he moved,

1613
01:28:30,250 --> 01:28:31,834
the cut of his jib,
so to speak.

1614
01:28:31,917 --> 01:28:33,625
You know,
the angle of his beard.

1615
01:28:33,709 --> 01:28:35,542
You know,
these things we could see.

1616
01:28:35,625 --> 01:28:37,542
Eventually we were convinced

1617
01:28:37,625 --> 01:28:38,959
that this is Jihadi John.

1618
01:28:39,041 --> 01:28:40,125
And so,

1619
01:28:40,208 --> 01:28:43,625
the floor commander
at the time orders,

1620
01:28:43,709 --> 01:28:45,500
take the shot.

1621
01:28:45,583 --> 01:28:47,083
Man:
He's left the vehicle.

1622
01:28:47,166 --> 01:28:49,417
Man 2: Roger.
Let's see what he does.

1623
01:28:49,500 --> 01:28:51,041
Man: Wait...
( distorted radio chatter )

1624
01:28:51,125 --> 01:28:54,083
- Man: Ready to engage.
- Man 2: Standby.

1625
01:28:54,166 --> 01:28:56,125
- Man: Engage.
- Man 2: Roger.

1626
01:28:56,208 --> 01:28:57,709
Man: Fire, hit it.

1627
01:29:01,083 --> 01:29:02,834
Warren:
And then that
missile's in flight

1628
01:29:02,917 --> 01:29:05,417
and the missile can fly
anywhere from I don't know

1629
01:29:05,500 --> 01:29:07,500
five to 15 seconds
and that really

1630
01:29:07,583 --> 01:29:09,375
is kind the most tense moment

1631
01:29:09,458 --> 01:29:11,667
because now that missile's gone
you can't take it back.

1632
01:29:11,750 --> 01:29:16,291
And so you have these moments,
it's all done

1633
01:29:16,375 --> 01:29:18,417
and you don't know
what's gonna happen next.

1634
01:29:25,375 --> 01:29:28,041
( bomb exploding )

1635
01:29:47,000 --> 01:29:49,667
Wise:
You might ask you know,
was there high fiving

1636
01:29:49,750 --> 01:29:52,166
and celebration after this

1637
01:29:52,250 --> 01:29:56,417
and counterintuitively
the answer is no.

1638
01:29:56,500 --> 01:29:58,375
This is the serious business

1639
01:29:58,458 --> 01:30:01,834
of eradicating
an existential threat

1640
01:30:01,917 --> 01:30:03,750
by taking a human life.

1641
01:30:03,834 --> 01:30:05,750
I don't rejoice
in anyone's death,

1642
01:30:05,834 --> 01:30:08,709
but it was certainly
a good thing

1643
01:30:08,792 --> 01:30:13,333
that he was no longer able
to do the really brutal

1644
01:30:13,417 --> 01:30:15,500
and disgusting things
that we'd seen on video.

1645
01:30:15,583 --> 01:30:21,834
And yes, you could argue
that Emwazi's departure

1646
01:30:21,917 --> 01:30:23,917
lethally and instantaneously

1647
01:30:24,000 --> 01:30:26,834
was perhaps unsatisfying.

1648
01:30:28,000 --> 01:30:30,166
It wasn't
a 10-minute execution.

1649
01:30:31,667 --> 01:30:35,333
He didn't have to feel
the cut of the steel.

1650
01:30:35,417 --> 01:30:37,458
I had a mixed feeling.

1651
01:30:37,542 --> 01:30:41,792
Of course I would have
preferred to see him in court...

1652
01:30:43,333 --> 01:30:46,291
facing his charges...

1653
01:30:47,250 --> 01:30:49,750
and being blamed for

1654
01:30:49,834 --> 01:30:54,000
and answering for
the crimes he committed.

1655
01:30:55,458 --> 01:30:59,375
It was mixed feeling,
but the main feeling though

1656
01:30:59,458 --> 01:31:02,041
was the satisfaction,

1657
01:31:02,125 --> 01:31:04,583
the relief at least,

1658
01:31:04,667 --> 01:31:09,917
this person will not
harm anyone anymore.

1659
01:31:10,000 --> 01:31:14,125
But... yeah in that instant,
I was well aware

1660
01:31:14,208 --> 01:31:17,500
that there were plenty
of other people who would
step into his shoes,

1661
01:31:17,583 --> 01:31:19,500
it would have been, um...

1662
01:31:20,875 --> 01:31:23,959
strange to see this
as a massive breakthrough.

1663
01:31:24,041 --> 01:31:25,083
It was...

1664
01:31:26,875 --> 01:31:30,583
a part of
one particular story,

1665
01:31:30,667 --> 01:31:34,041
but the ISIL threat went on.

1666
01:31:35,542 --> 01:31:37,875
We're going to have
to live with a level

1667
01:31:37,959 --> 01:31:41,125
of extreme Islamist violence

1668
01:31:41,208 --> 01:31:43,750
for some time to come,
and it will continue

1669
01:31:43,834 --> 01:31:46,667
to inspire people
in Western countries.

1670
01:31:46,750 --> 01:31:50,166
Wise:
What you have are
horrendous terrorist acts

1671
01:31:50,250 --> 01:31:51,500
all attributed to ISIS.

1672
01:31:51,583 --> 01:31:54,709
Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi
had not a clue

1673
01:31:54,792 --> 01:31:56,709
that any of those things
were going to happen,

1674
01:31:56,792 --> 01:32:00,458
but he didn't have to,
what they got was inspiration

1675
01:32:00,542 --> 01:32:02,375
and that's all they needed.

1676
01:32:02,458 --> 01:32:04,041
News reporter:
U.S.-led airstrikes
are hitting the heart

1677
01:32:04,125 --> 01:32:06,125
of ISIS-controlled
territory in Syria.

1678
01:32:06,208 --> 01:32:08,166
A coalition of nations
has come together,

1679
01:32:08,250 --> 01:32:10,500
and Britain
has to do its share.

1680
01:32:10,583 --> 01:32:13,083
News reporter:
Day four of withering
air strikes on ISIS targets.

1681
01:32:13,166 --> 01:32:15,166
News reporter 2:
Proclamations of victory
over the group

1682
01:32:15,250 --> 01:32:16,917
in both Iraq and Syria.

1683
01:32:17,000 --> 01:32:18,667
News Reporter 3:
A secret deal
reportedly allowed

1684
01:32:18,750 --> 01:32:20,000
some of the most
notorious ISIS fighters

1685
01:32:20,083 --> 01:32:21,500
to escape from
a besieged Syrian city.

1686
01:32:21,583 --> 01:32:23,875
They made an agreement
so that they didn't

1687
01:32:23,959 --> 01:32:26,875
literally have to
destroy Raqqa to save it.

1688
01:32:26,959 --> 01:32:31,125
I'm sure that was
the least bad of the options.

1689
01:32:31,208 --> 01:32:34,583
Now what you're seeing
already is the remnants

1690
01:32:34,667 --> 01:32:38,208
of these forces turning
into insurgent groups.

1691
01:32:38,291 --> 01:32:39,959
These are elusive enemies now,

1692
01:32:40,041 --> 01:32:43,417
they are no longer wearing
uniforms or flying black flags,

1693
01:32:43,500 --> 01:32:46,375
they are hiding
among the population.

1694
01:32:46,458 --> 01:32:48,875
So this is going to be
a very different threat.

1695
01:32:48,959 --> 01:32:51,041
I'm very confident
that ultimately

1696
01:32:51,125 --> 01:32:55,291
Baghdadi will find himself
on the X as well.

1697
01:32:55,375 --> 01:32:57,917
News reporter:
Once some of the world's
most wanted,

1698
01:32:58,000 --> 01:32:59,875
but now nobody wants them.

1699
01:32:59,959 --> 01:33:02,834
The last two of the British
ISIS cell dubbed The Beatles

1700
01:33:02,917 --> 01:33:04,208
jailed in Syria.

1701
01:33:04,291 --> 01:33:05,417
How they'll face justice

1702
01:33:05,500 --> 01:33:07,542
is now a matter of hot debate.

1703
01:33:07,625 --> 01:33:09,750
Accused of waterboarding,
crucifixion,

1704
01:33:09,834 --> 01:33:12,291
accessory to beheadings
of Western hostages.

1705
01:33:12,375 --> 01:33:16,000
The Beatles, they are obsessed
with their own self-image.

1706
01:33:16,083 --> 01:33:19,417
They have gone from
capturing western journalists

1707
01:33:19,500 --> 01:33:22,125
to now trying to capture
western journalists' attention,

1708
01:33:22,208 --> 01:33:24,959
turning their stories around
as if they were victims,

1709
01:33:25,041 --> 01:33:27,917
and it's caused quite
an interesting reaction

1710
01:33:28,000 --> 01:33:30,208
to what do we do
with people like that.

1711
01:33:30,291 --> 01:33:33,917
Henin:
I would expect to
attend that trial

1712
01:33:34,000 --> 01:33:36,500
and what is of prime
importance to me

1713
01:33:36,583 --> 01:33:39,166
is that this trial is fair.

1714
01:33:39,250 --> 01:33:42,709
We should not give
them any chance

1715
01:33:42,792 --> 01:33:45,542
to portray themselves
as victims.

1716
01:33:45,625 --> 01:33:47,417
We are the victim.

1717
01:33:47,500 --> 01:33:50,917
They are the perpetrators,
they are the terrorists.

1718
01:33:51,041 --> 01:33:54,041
So much effort was
spent on the fanaticism

1719
01:33:54,125 --> 01:33:57,709
that had led Jihadi John
to go kill innocent people.

1720
01:33:57,792 --> 01:34:02,083
If you look at the amazing
lives of his victims,

1721
01:34:02,166 --> 01:34:06,458
these lives are great examples
of the power of networks

1722
01:34:06,542 --> 01:34:08,875
and people joining causes
higher than themselves

1723
01:34:08,959 --> 01:34:11,125
and that use of networking
and the higher cause,

1724
01:34:11,208 --> 01:34:15,417
I think, often is
drowned out by the grisly

1725
01:34:15,500 --> 01:34:17,125
and the dark and
the sensational.

1726
01:34:17,208 --> 01:34:20,000
I never, ever told my dad
how proud I was of him

1727
01:34:20,083 --> 01:34:22,417
and it's only now
when he's not here

1728
01:34:22,500 --> 01:34:25,458
that I realize how
proud I actually was.

1729
01:34:25,542 --> 01:34:28,709
When David was always
talking to his daughters.

1730
01:34:31,125 --> 01:34:32,875
He'd have his time...

1731
01:34:35,083 --> 01:34:37,834
when he just wanted
to speak to his daughters.

1732
01:34:37,917 --> 01:34:39,750
Federico and I,

1733
01:34:39,834 --> 01:34:43,417
we were kind of forced
together through this.

1734
01:34:43,500 --> 01:34:47,917
Yeah, yeah, yeah, we speak...
um... often.

1735
01:34:49,709 --> 01:34:52,208
She's remarkably
like her father...

1736
01:34:53,792 --> 01:34:56,959
in temperament and many ways.

1737
01:34:57,041 --> 01:34:59,458
I definitely see
a lot of David in her.

1738
01:34:59,542 --> 01:35:02,333
When people tell me
I'm a lot like my dad,

1739
01:35:02,417 --> 01:35:05,125
I used to always think,
I don't believe it,
I don't believe it.

1740
01:35:05,208 --> 01:35:08,125
So when he says,
"Oh, you're so much
like your dad,"

1741
01:35:08,208 --> 01:35:09,834
it really does ring true,
and you think,

1742
01:35:09,917 --> 01:35:12,375
Well, I must be doing
something right.

1743
01:35:15,792 --> 01:35:17,417
Walton:
There was a sense
in which Emwazi

1744
01:35:17,500 --> 01:35:19,709
had fulfilled his ambitions,

1745
01:35:19,792 --> 01:35:23,041
but there was also some
self-analysis by us

1746
01:35:23,125 --> 01:35:25,291
as to whether we'd actually
had the right strategy

1747
01:35:25,375 --> 01:35:26,709
for this individual.

1748
01:35:26,792 --> 01:35:29,125
On the one hand,
we had absolutely

1749
01:35:29,208 --> 01:35:31,041
understood the threat he posed,

1750
01:35:31,125 --> 01:35:34,834
but ultimately,
we failed because he became
what he wanted to be,

1751
01:35:34,917 --> 01:35:38,875
potentially one of the worst
terrorists of all time.

1752
01:35:38,959 --> 01:35:42,542
To think that
the level of-- of hatred

1753
01:35:42,625 --> 01:35:43,709
that must have been generated

1754
01:35:43,792 --> 01:35:46,125
over that short number of years

1755
01:35:46,208 --> 01:35:48,125
was such that it would
have inspired him

1756
01:35:48,208 --> 01:35:50,208
to behave in a way that he did,

1757
01:35:50,291 --> 01:35:51,959
I find that incredible,

1758
01:35:52,041 --> 01:35:55,250
that's not the same
person that-- that I knew.

1759
01:35:55,333 --> 01:35:57,667
He was a guy who had it all.

1760
01:35:57,750 --> 01:36:00,500
British passport,
safety and security,

1761
01:36:00,583 --> 01:36:02,667
all the benefits
of British society.

1762
01:36:02,750 --> 01:36:08,250
He had a future, and he gave
it up for the Islamic State.

1763
01:36:08,333 --> 01:36:10,250
Ultimately
it's a battle of ideas,

1764
01:36:10,333 --> 01:36:13,375
and I am confident that good
ideas with the right support

1765
01:36:13,458 --> 01:36:16,583
will demonstrate that
bad ideas are nihilistic,

1766
01:36:16,667 --> 01:36:18,625
they destroy
themselves and others.

1767
01:36:18,709 --> 01:36:20,208
Somebody put it very strikingly.

1768
01:36:20,291 --> 01:36:24,375
They said the terrorist is
like the fly in the china shop.

1769
01:36:24,458 --> 01:36:26,834
Now he can't destroy
the china shop on his own.

1770
01:36:26,917 --> 01:36:28,792
The fly isn't nearly
strong enough,

1771
01:36:28,875 --> 01:36:31,500
but if he gets inside
the ear of a bull

1772
01:36:31,583 --> 01:36:35,500
then the bull if it panics
will destroy the china shop.

1773
01:36:35,583 --> 01:36:37,458
We're the bull,
they are the fly,

1774
01:36:37,542 --> 01:36:39,458
that's why it's
important not to panic.

1775
01:36:39,542 --> 01:36:44,417
We need to have the courage
to have a higher standard.

1776
01:36:44,500 --> 01:36:48,458
We must not debase ourselves
to the level of hatred

1777
01:36:48,542 --> 01:36:49,792
that they have.

1778
01:36:49,875 --> 01:36:51,875
And as part of Jim's legacy,

1779
01:36:51,959 --> 01:36:56,625
we want to inspire
young people to care

1780
01:36:56,709 --> 01:36:58,959
and do good things
in the world.

1781
01:36:59,041 --> 01:37:01,417
We need that goodness.