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[man] "I, George C. Stevens,

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Lieutenant Colonel,
Army of the United States,

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hereby certify that from 1 March 1945

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to 8th May 1945,

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I was on active duty with
the United States Army Signal Corps,

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attached to Supreme Headquarters,
Allied Expeditionary Forces,

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and among my official duties

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was the direction of the photographing
of Nazi concentration camps

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and prison camps
as liberated by Allied forces.

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The motion pictures which will be shown
following this affidavit

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were taken by official
Allied photographic teams

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in the course of their military duties,

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each team being composed
of military personnel

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under the direction
of a commissioned officer.

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To the best of my knowledge and belief,

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these motion pictures constitute
a true representation

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of the individuals
and scenes photographed.

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They have not been altered in any respect
since the exposures were made.

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The accompanying narration
is a true statement

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of the facts and circumstances

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under which these pictures were made.

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George C. Stevens,
Lieutenant Colonel, A.U.S.

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Sworn to before me this second day
of October, 1945,

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James B. Donovan, Commander,
United States Naval Reserve.

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[man] I, E. R. Kellogg,
Lieutenant, United States Navy,

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hereby certify that from 1929 to 1941,

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I was employed at 20th Century-Fox
Studios in Hollywood, California,

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as a director of photographic effects,

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and am familiar
with all photographic techniques.

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Since the 6th of September, 1941,

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to the present date of the 27th
of August, 1945,

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I have been on active duty
with the United States Navy.

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I have carefully examined
the motion picture film

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to be shown following this affidavit,

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and I certify that the images of
these excerpts from the original negative

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have not been retouched, distorted,
or otherwise altered in any respects,

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and are true copies of the originals

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held in the vaults of the United States
Army Signal Corps.

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These excerpts comprise
6,000 feet of film,

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selected from 80,000 feet,

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all of which I have reviewed,

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and all of which is similar in character
to these excerpts.

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E. R. Kellogg, Lieutenant,
United States Navy,

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sworn to before me
this 27th day of August, 1945,

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John Ford,
Captain, United States Navy.

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[narrator] These are the locations of
the largest concentration and prison camps

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maintained throughout Germany
and Occupied Europe

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under the Nazi regime.

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These film report, covering
a representative group of such camps,

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illustrates the general conditions
which prevail.

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More than 200 political prisoners
were burned to death

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at this concentration camp
near Leipzig.

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Others among the original total
of 350 inmates

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were shot down by German elite guards

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as they dashed from the prison huts

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to celebrate the arrival of
American troops outside the city.

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The atrocity story is told
by the few who managed to survive.

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They relate how 12 S.S. troopers
and a Gestapo agent

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lured 220 starving prisoners
into a big wooden building at this camp,

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sprayed the structure
with an inflammable liquid,

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and then applied the torch.

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Machine guns set up
at various vantage points

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mowed down many victims
who ran from the burning building.

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Some miraculously escaped
the hail of bullets,

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but were electrocuted
by the live wires of a fence

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which was the final hurdle
for those fleeing the flames.

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The Leipzig victims were
Russians, Czechs, Poles and French.

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The dead are viewed by Russian women,
liberated from slave labor.

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At Penig, German, a concentration camp
was overrun by the 6th Armored Division,

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containing mainly Hungarians

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who were people of wealth and esteem
in their native country.

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Among them were young girls
of only 16 years of age.

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The women show the scars of miserable
existence under Nazi prison rule.

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American doctors examine the victims.

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Some have gangrenous wounds.

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Others suffer from fever, tuberculosis,

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typhus and additional
communicable diseases.

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All existed under appalling conditions
in vermin-infested quarters

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and with little or nothing to eat.

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As soon as our troops arrived,

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arrangements were made to remove these
people from the miserable surroundings.

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Under supervision of
the American Red Cross,

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the stricken inmates are removed

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to a hospital which belonged
to the German Air Force.

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Nazis who formerly maltreated them

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are forced to help
look after the patients.

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The staff of German nurses is also
forced to attend the victims.

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The were able to smile
for the first time in years.

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At this concentration camp
in the Gotha area,

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the Germans starved, clubbed,
and burned to death

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more than 4,000 political prisoners
over a period of eight months.

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A few captives survived
by hiding in the woods.

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The camp is chosen
for a High Command inspection,

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led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower.

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Also present are
Generals Omar N. Bradley

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and George S. Patton.

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The 4th Armored Division
of General Patton's Third Army

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liberated this camp early in April.

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The generals view the rack that was used
by the Nazis to whip the inmates.

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They see the woodshed where lime-
covered bodies are stacked in layers,

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and the stench is overpowering.

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Former inmates demonstrate how
they were tortured by the Nazis.

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American Congressmen invited
to view the atrocities

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were told by General Eisenhower,

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"Nothing is covered up.
We have nothing to conceal.

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The barbarous treatment
these people received

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in the German concentration camps
is almost unbelievable.

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I want you to see for yourselves and be
the spokesmen for the United States."

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The General and his party next see
the crude woodland crematory,

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actually a grill made of railway tracks.

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Here, the bodies of victims
were cremated.

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Charred remains of several inmates
still lay heaped atop the grill.

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Another group to visit the Ohrdruf camp
is composed of local townspeople,

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including prominent Nazi party members.

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They'll be taken on a forced tour
of the camp site

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by Colonel Hayden Sears,

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commander of the 4th Armored Division's
Combat Command A,

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which captured Ohrdruf.

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A German medical major is compelled
to accompany the townspeople.

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Colonel Sears stands by

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as the Nazis are informed that they
must see all the horrors at the camp.

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First, the visitors view
some 30 freshly killed bodies

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lying in the courtyard of the camp
where they'd been shot

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on the evening preceding the entry
of American tanks.

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These two are identified
as slave labor bosses

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who maltreated, tortured
and killed their workers.

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Next, to the woodshed,
which the Nazis are reluctant to enter.

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But Colonel Sears demands
that they get a close-up look

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at the most gruesome of sights.

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The labor bosses enter.

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According to reports, the local Nazis
continued their tour of the camp

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without apparent emotion.

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All denied knowledge of what had
taken place at Ohrdruf.

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They are taken to the crematory,
two miles outside the camp,

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where the list of the atrocities is read
for all to hear.

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The 4,000 Ohrdruf victims
are said to include

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Poles, Czechs, Russians,
Belgians, Frenchmen,

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German Jews
and German political prisoners.

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A day before these Nazis
visited the camp,

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the Burgomeister of Ohrdruf
was forced to view the horrors.

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He and his wife were later found
dead in their home,

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apparently suicides.

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American officers arrive
at a Nazi institution

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seized by First Army troops.

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Under the guise of an insane asylum,

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this has been the headquarters for
the systematic murder of 35,000 Poles,

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Russians and Germans sent here mainly

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for political
and religious considerations.

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Those still alive are examined
by Major Herman Bolker

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of the American War Crimes
Investigation Team.

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The townspeople in Hadamar, Germany,

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called this place
the House of Shutters.

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Meanwhile, at the graveyard
attached to the institution,

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bodies are exhumed for autopsy.

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Twenty thousand are buried here.

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Fifteen thousand who died
in a lethal gas chamber

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were cremated and their ashes interred.

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Death books found hidden in
the wine cellar of the Hadamar Institution

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revealed part of the story
of the mass killings.

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The bulky volumes contained
thousands of death certificates.

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"Profession unknown, nationality unknown"
was written after each name.

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The corpses are lined up
pending the arrival of W.C.I.T. officers.

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Major Bolker performs the autopsy.

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A detailed listing is made
of all clinical data.

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Interrogating the institution heads.

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Dr. Whalmann, the taller man,
was the top Nazi in charge of the place.

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The other man entering the room
is Karl Willig, chief male nurse.

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He admits to killing inmates
with overdoses of morphine.

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The testimony of other witnesses
substantiated the fact

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that morphine was issued
at the institution

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without attempt at making a record.

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As many as 17 at a time died
from the morphine injections.

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The investigating officers were told
that the Nazis never bothered to determine

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whether a victim may have survived
the over dosage.

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Instead, all were hustled off
to the graveyard

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and buried in piles of 20 to 24.

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The prisoners are removed
to await trial.

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A Hadamar judge told the investigators
that when the 10,000 victim died,

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the institution heads and Nazi officials
staged a celebration.

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This is Breendonk Prison
in Belgium.

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It offers evidence of Nazi brutality
imposed on Belgian patriots

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during the period of German occupation.

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Many of the horror exhibits
remain untouched,

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such as the bloodstained coffins.

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Demonstrating how the victims
were tied up

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for administering vicious beatings.

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A barbed wire stick was used
on the backs of the men.

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Another method for rendering
a patriot helpless

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while he was attacked by
his Gestapo guards.

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The Nazis also would tie a man
in chains in this manner,

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and then apply the tourniquet.

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A Berlin-made thumbscrew,
and how it was used.

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00:20:19,833 --> 00:20:23,292
A victim shows scars caused
by repeated beatings.

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00:20:29,000 --> 00:20:30,292
Others show what happened to them

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00:20:30,375 --> 00:20:33,250
as results of both beatings
and cigarette burns.

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00:20:47,625 --> 00:20:49,167
A Belgian demonstrates the manner

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in which his crotch
was split by the Nazis.

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00:20:59,833 --> 00:21:02,417
A woman discloses
the results of a beating.

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00:21:11,958 --> 00:21:14,417
The Harlan Concentration Camp
near Hanover.

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00:21:14,500 --> 00:21:19,208
Out of 10,000 Polish men brought here
ten months prior to April, 1945,

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only 200 remained.

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00:21:21,333 --> 00:21:25,333
Prisoners who could walk were removed
before American troops entered Hanover.

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The others were left to starve and die.

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00:21:27,625 --> 00:21:29,708
Immediate relief was provided for the men

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with the arrival
of a Red Cross Clubmobile.

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00:21:32,042 --> 00:21:34,750
The men broke into tears
when they were given hot soup,

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00:21:34,833 --> 00:21:37,250
other food, and cigarettes and clothing.

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00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:55,542
When questioned, most of these men
could not remember

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when they'd last eaten a decent meal.

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00:21:58,208 --> 00:22:01,583
Many had been beaten and tortured
so long, their minds had failed.

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00:22:23,500 --> 00:22:27,000
Some of the inmates are too weak
to leave their bunks, or even eat.

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00:22:34,875 --> 00:22:37,875
Others bunk together to keep
their frail bodies warm.

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00:22:40,792 --> 00:22:44,208
The deaths continue even after
liberation of the camp.

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00:22:44,292 --> 00:22:46,875
Some were too far gone
when the Americans took over.

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00:23:08,583 --> 00:23:11,417
An A.M.G. sergeant checks
the list of inmates.

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00:23:14,625 --> 00:23:16,750
The victims relate the atrocity story

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00:23:16,833 --> 00:23:19,458
and photographs are made
for further documentation

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00:23:19,542 --> 00:23:21,750
of the horrors committed
at the Hanover camp.

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00:23:33,667 --> 00:23:37,583
This concentration camp was overrun
by American troops in April.

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00:23:37,667 --> 00:23:40,167
The prisoners were mainly Poles
and Russians.

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00:23:40,250 --> 00:23:43,583
Maltreated and starved,
1,700 were housed in tents

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00:23:43,667 --> 00:23:46,083
which contained only 100 bunks.

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00:23:46,167 --> 00:23:48,292
While our forces were nearing Arnstedt,

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the Nazis removed most of the captives.

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00:23:50,708 --> 00:23:53,333
They shot those who were too weak
to get away fast enough.

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00:24:00,708 --> 00:24:04,042
Savage watchdogs were used
to help guard the camp.

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00:24:07,167 --> 00:24:09,792
German civilians are forced
to help dig up the bodies.

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00:24:09,875 --> 00:24:12,417
This is the second burial ground
for the victims.

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00:24:12,500 --> 00:24:14,750
The spot where they were originally
buried after the massacre

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was apparently too close to the town.

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00:24:16,875 --> 00:24:20,208
The Arnstedt villagers could not tolerate
the stench of the dead,

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00:24:20,292 --> 00:24:23,250
and they themselves moved
the bodies to this site.

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00:24:23,333 --> 00:24:25,833
Now they again must exhume the corpses,

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00:24:25,917 --> 00:24:28,083
this time under armed persuasion.

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00:24:38,083 --> 00:24:40,750
Victims bear the marks of violent deaths.

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00:25:06,167 --> 00:25:09,583
American troops view the evidence
of Nazi barbarism.

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00:25:18,875 --> 00:25:20,750
Slave labor camp at Nordhausen,

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00:25:20,833 --> 00:25:23,292
liberated by the 3d Armored Division,
First Army.

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00:25:23,375 --> 00:25:26,583
At least 3,000 political prisoners
died here

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00:25:26,667 --> 00:25:29,542
at the brutal hands of S.S. troops
and pardoned German criminals

241
00:25:29,625 --> 00:25:31,167
who were the camp guards.

242
00:25:31,250 --> 00:25:34,875
Nordhausen had been a depository
for slaves found unfit for work

243
00:25:34,958 --> 00:25:36,792
in the underground V-bomb plants

244
00:25:36,875 --> 00:25:39,250
and in other German camps and factories.

245
00:25:56,125 --> 00:25:59,250
Amid the corpses are human skeletons
too weak to move.

246
00:26:08,917 --> 00:26:11,625
Men of our medical battalions
worked two days and nights

247
00:26:11,708 --> 00:26:13,792
binding wounds and giving medications,

248
00:26:13,875 --> 00:26:16,875
but for advanced cases of starvation
and tuberculosis,

249
00:26:16,958 --> 00:26:18,875
there were often no cures.

250
00:26:18,958 --> 00:26:23,125
The survivors are shown being evacuated
for treatment in Allied hospitals.

251
00:26:49,208 --> 00:26:52,042
The victims are mainly
Poles and Russians,

252
00:26:52,125 --> 00:26:53,958
with considerable numbers of French
and other nationalities

253
00:26:54,042 --> 00:26:56,042
also included in the camp roster.

254
00:27:32,333 --> 00:27:34,250
The Burgomeister of Nordhausen
is ordered to provide

255
00:27:34,333 --> 00:27:37,042
600 German male civilians

256
00:27:37,125 --> 00:27:40,208
who will inter the 2,500 unburied bodies
at the camp.

257
00:27:47,208 --> 00:27:49,833
A priest administers
last rites for the dead

258
00:27:49,917 --> 00:27:53,167
while the corpses are being carried
to the hillside for burial.

259
00:28:09,167 --> 00:28:14,542
Then the actual burial in common graves
of the 2,500 Nordhausen victims.

260
00:29:14,458 --> 00:29:17,708
I'm Lieutenant Senior Grade
Jack H. Taylor, U.S. Navy,

261
00:29:17,792 --> 00:29:19,208
of Hollywood, California.

262
00:29:19,292 --> 00:29:22,500
Believe it or not, this is the first time
I've ever been in the movies.

263
00:29:22,583 --> 00:29:26,250
I've been working overseas
in occupied countries,

264
00:29:26,333 --> 00:29:28,208
in the Balkans, for 18 months.

265
00:29:29,292 --> 00:29:35,875
In October '44, I was the first
Allied officer to drop into Austria.

266
00:29:37,417 --> 00:29:41,375
I was captured December 1st
by the Gestapo,

267
00:29:41,458 --> 00:29:45,375
severely beaten--
even though I was in uniform--

268
00:29:45,458 --> 00:29:49,917
severely beaten and considered as
a non-prisoner of war.

269
00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:54,167
I was taken to Vienna Prison,
where I was held for four months.

270
00:29:54,250 --> 00:29:56,292
When the Russians neared Vienna,

271
00:29:56,375 --> 00:30:00,208
I was taken to the Mauthausen
Concentration Lager,

272
00:30:00,292 --> 00:30:02,500
an extermination camp,

273
00:30:02,583 --> 00:30:05,125
the worst in Germany,

274
00:30:05,208 --> 00:30:09,625
where we have been starving and--
and beaten

275
00:30:10,625 --> 00:30:12,542
and killed.

276
00:30:12,625 --> 00:30:15,625
Uh, fortunately, my turn hadn't come.

277
00:30:16,417 --> 00:30:18,708
Uh...

278
00:30:18,792 --> 00:30:21,917
two American officers at least
have been executed here.

279
00:30:22,000 --> 00:30:25,333
Here is the insignia of one,
a U.S. Naval officer,

280
00:30:25,417 --> 00:30:27,083
and here is his dog tag.

281
00:30:28,083 --> 00:30:29,875
Here is the Army officer,

282
00:30:29,958 --> 00:30:32,625
executed by gas in this lager.

283
00:30:33,417 --> 00:30:34,417
Uh...

284
00:30:37,000 --> 00:30:39,250
[man] How many ways
did they execute these men?

285
00:30:39,333 --> 00:30:42,125
Five or six ways:
by gas, by shooting,

286
00:30:42,208 --> 00:30:45,917
by beating--
that is, beating with clubs--

287
00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:48,125
uh...

288
00:30:48,208 --> 00:30:50,958
by exposure--

289
00:30:51,042 --> 00:30:54,125
that is, standing out in the snow naked
for 48 hours

290
00:30:54,208 --> 00:30:57,917
and having cold water thrown
on them in the middle of winter,

291
00:30:58,000 --> 00:30:59,125
starvation...

292
00:31:00,208 --> 00:31:01,625
dogs,

293
00:31:01,708 --> 00:31:04,375
and pushing over a hundred-foot cliff.

294
00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:10,917
This is all true, has been seen,
and is now being recorded.

295
00:31:12,417 --> 00:31:14,125
[man] Where did you get
that uniform you have on?

296
00:31:14,208 --> 00:31:16,917
This uniform, uh,
I came here in uniform,

297
00:31:17,000 --> 00:31:19,542
but it was taken away from me,
and this was substituted

298
00:31:19,625 --> 00:31:22,042
with my number and "U.S.A."

299
00:31:23,417 --> 00:31:25,083
I have been condemned to death

300
00:31:25,167 --> 00:31:28,458
as another American also in this camp,

301
00:31:28,542 --> 00:31:31,542
but, fortunately,
the 11th Armored Division

302
00:31:31,625 --> 00:31:33,917
has come through
and saved us in time.

303
00:36:28,875 --> 00:36:31,958
[narrator] Pictorial evidence of
the almost unprecedented crimes

304
00:36:32,042 --> 00:36:35,042
perpetrated by the Nazis
at the Buchenwald concentration camp.

305
00:36:36,042 --> 00:36:38,583
The story in written form is contained
in the official report

306
00:36:38,667 --> 00:36:41,083
of the Prisoner of War
and Displaced Persons Division

307
00:36:41,167 --> 00:36:43,000
of the United States
Group Control Council,

308
00:36:43,083 --> 00:36:45,625
which has been forwarded
from Supreme Allied Headquarters

309
00:36:45,708 --> 00:36:47,917
to the War Department in Washington.

310
00:36:48,000 --> 00:36:51,083
It states that 1,000 boys
under 14 years of age

311
00:36:51,167 --> 00:36:54,667
are included among the 20,000
still alive at the camp,

312
00:36:54,750 --> 00:36:56,750
that the survivors are males only,

313
00:36:56,833 --> 00:37:00,458
and that the recent death rate
was about 200 a day.

314
00:37:15,458 --> 00:37:20,333
Nationalities and prison numbers are
tattooed on the stomachs of the inmates.

315
00:37:28,750 --> 00:37:33,292
The report lists surviving inmates as
representing every European nationality.

316
00:37:33,375 --> 00:37:35,875
It says the camp was founded when
the Nazi party

317
00:37:35,958 --> 00:37:38,500
first came into power in 1933,

318
00:37:38,583 --> 00:37:41,167
and has been in continuous
operation ever since,

319
00:37:41,250 --> 00:37:44,792
although its largest populations date
from the beginning of the present war.

320
00:37:44,875 --> 00:37:48,250
One estimate put the camp's
normal complement at 80,000.

321
00:38:06,792 --> 00:38:09,000
In the official report,
the Buchenwald camp

322
00:38:09,083 --> 00:38:11,042
is termed an extermination factory.

323
00:38:11,125 --> 00:38:12,958
The means of extermination:

324
00:38:13,042 --> 00:38:17,083
starvation, complicated by hard work,
abuse, beatings and tortures,

325
00:38:17,167 --> 00:38:21,500
incredibly crowded sleeping conditions
and sicknesses of all types.

326
00:38:21,583 --> 00:38:23,667
By these means, the report continues,

327
00:38:23,750 --> 00:38:27,250
many tens of thousands of the best
leadership personnel of Europe

328
00:38:27,333 --> 00:38:29,125
have been exterminated.

329
00:38:29,208 --> 00:38:30,833
Bodies stacked one upon the other

330
00:38:30,917 --> 00:38:32,750
were found outside the crematory.

331
00:38:32,833 --> 00:38:34,833
The Nazis maintained
a building at the camp

332
00:38:34,917 --> 00:38:36,917
for medical experiments
and vivisections,

333
00:38:37,000 --> 00:38:39,083
with prisoners as guinea pigs.

334
00:38:39,167 --> 00:38:41,333
Medical scientists
came from Berlin periodically

335
00:38:41,417 --> 00:38:43,583
to reinforce the experimental staff.

336
00:38:43,667 --> 00:38:47,917
In particular, new toxins and antitoxins
were tried out on prisoners.

337
00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:52,208
Few who entered the experimental
buildings ever emerged alive.

338
00:39:01,083 --> 00:39:04,042
One of the weapons used by S.S. guards.

339
00:39:08,292 --> 00:39:10,125
The body disposal plant.

340
00:39:10,208 --> 00:39:12,500
Inside are the ovens
which gave the crematorium

341
00:39:12,583 --> 00:39:17,750
a maximum disposal capacity
of about 400 bodies per 10-hour day.

342
00:39:17,833 --> 00:39:21,083
Gold-filled teeth were extracted
from bodies before incineration.

343
00:39:21,167 --> 00:39:24,292
The ovens, of extremely modern design
and heated by coke,

344
00:39:24,375 --> 00:39:28,042
were made by a concern which
customarily manufactures baking ovens.

345
00:39:28,125 --> 00:39:30,625
The firm's name is clearly inscribed.

346
00:39:37,125 --> 00:39:40,125
All bodies were finally
reduced to bone ash.

347
00:39:47,917 --> 00:39:51,042
Twelve hundred civilians walk
from the neighboring city of Weimar

348
00:39:51,125 --> 00:39:52,917
to begin a forced tour of the camp.

349
00:39:53,000 --> 00:39:55,792
There are many smiling faces and,
according to observers,

350
00:39:55,875 --> 00:39:57,500
at first the Germans act as though

351
00:39:57,583 --> 00:39:59,875
this were something being staged
for their benefit

352
00:40:23,250 --> 00:40:25,375
One of the first thing
that the German civilians see

353
00:40:25,458 --> 00:40:28,917
as they reach the interior of the camp
is the parchment display.

354
00:40:29,000 --> 00:40:30,625
On a table for all to gaze upon

355
00:40:30,708 --> 00:40:33,292
is a lampshade made of human skin,

356
00:40:33,375 --> 00:40:35,875
made at the request of
an S.S. officer's wife.

357
00:40:35,958 --> 00:40:39,083
Large pieces of skin have been used
for painting pictures,

358
00:40:39,167 --> 00:40:41,333
many of an obscene nature.

359
00:40:55,917 --> 00:41:00,000
There are two heads which have been
shrunk to 1/5th of their normal size.

360
00:41:00,083 --> 00:41:03,750
These and other exhibits of Nazi origin
are shown to the townspeople.

361
00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:29,833
The camera records the changes
in facial expressions

362
00:41:29,917 --> 00:41:32,542
as the Weimar citizens leave
the parchment display.

363
00:41:37,000 --> 00:41:38,917
The tour continues
with a forced inspection

364
00:41:39,000 --> 00:41:40,750
of the camp's living quarters,

365
00:41:40,833 --> 00:41:44,000
where the stench, filth
and misery defy description.

366
00:41:49,083 --> 00:41:52,375
They see the result of lack of care
in the bad case of trench foot.

367
00:42:04,417 --> 00:42:08,792
Other evidences of horror, brutality
and human indecency are shown,

368
00:42:08,875 --> 00:42:12,500
and these people are compelled to see
what their own government had perpetrated.

369
00:42:17,750 --> 00:42:20,125
Correspondents assigned
to the Buchenwald story

370
00:42:20,208 --> 00:42:23,333
have given wide notice to the well-fed,
well-dressed appearance

371
00:42:23,417 --> 00:42:26,000
of the German civilian population
of the Weimar area.

372
00:42:38,417 --> 00:42:40,792
[narrator]
Dachau, factory of horrors.

373
00:42:42,708 --> 00:42:46,917
Dachau, near München, one of the oldest
of the Nazi prison camps.

374
00:42:48,292 --> 00:42:52,000
It is known that from 1941 to 1944,

375
00:42:52,083 --> 00:42:57,042
up to 30,000 people were
entombed here at one time,

376
00:42:57,125 --> 00:43:00,958
and 30,000 were present
when the Allies reached Dachau.

377
00:43:03,208 --> 00:43:06,333
The Nazis said it was a prison
for political dissenters,

378
00:43:06,417 --> 00:43:09,583
habitual criminals,
and religious enthusiasts.

379
00:43:38,500 --> 00:43:40,083
When these scenes were filmed,

380
00:43:40,167 --> 00:43:44,333
over 1,6000 priests,
representing many denominations,

381
00:43:44,417 --> 00:43:46,000
still remained alive.

382
00:43:47,167 --> 00:43:49,458
They came from Germany, Poland,

383
00:43:49,542 --> 00:43:53,500
Czechoslovakia, France and Holland.

384
00:44:07,708 --> 00:44:09,708
Incoming prison trains arrived,

385
00:44:09,792 --> 00:44:11,625
carrying more dead than living.

386
00:44:13,583 --> 00:44:15,875
Those strong enough to travel
were brought to Dachau

387
00:44:15,958 --> 00:44:17,625
from outlying points

388
00:44:17,708 --> 00:44:19,750
which were threatened by
the Allied advance.

389
00:44:20,917 --> 00:44:24,250
This is how they looked
when they arrived.

390
00:44:45,083 --> 00:44:47,250
Some survived,

391
00:44:47,333 --> 00:44:50,958
and when the rescuers arrived
they administered what aid they could.

392
00:44:55,750 --> 00:44:57,708
Others died after the liberation.

393
00:45:03,000 --> 00:45:05,167
They were buried
by their fellow prisoners.

394
00:45:18,208 --> 00:45:20,042
As in the case of other camps,

395
00:45:20,125 --> 00:45:24,375
local townspeople were brought in
to view the dead at Dachau.

396
00:45:26,625 --> 00:45:29,833
This is what the liberators found
inside the building.

397
00:46:10,917 --> 00:46:13,542
Hanging in orderly rows
were the clothes of prisoners

398
00:46:13,625 --> 00:46:16,417
who had been suffocated
in a lethal gas chamber.

399
00:46:17,833 --> 00:46:20,292
They had been persuaded
to remove their clothing

400
00:46:20,375 --> 00:46:22,333
under the pretext of taking a shower

401
00:46:22,417 --> 00:46:25,167
for which towels and soap were provided.

402
00:46:38,000 --> 00:46:41,250
This is the brausebad,
the shower bath.

403
00:46:43,708 --> 00:46:46,292
Inside the shower bath,
the gas vents.

404
00:46:50,875 --> 00:46:53,792
On the ceiling,
the dummy shower heads.

405
00:46:58,167 --> 00:47:02,042
In the engineer's room,
the intake and outlet pipes.

406
00:47:04,125 --> 00:47:08,167
Push buttons to control inflow
and outtake of gas.

407
00:47:08,250 --> 00:47:10,417
A hand valve to regulate pressure.

408
00:47:15,292 --> 00:47:18,417
Cyanide powder was used
to generate the lethal smoke.

409
00:47:22,292 --> 00:47:25,958
From the gas chamber, the bodies
were removed to the crematory.

410
00:47:33,583 --> 00:47:36,208
Here is what the camera crew
found inside.

411
00:48:07,833 --> 00:48:10,208
These are the survivors.

412
00:48:34,667 --> 00:48:36,833
I am the officer commanding

413
00:48:36,917 --> 00:48:41,750
the regiment of Royal artillery
guarding this camp.

414
00:48:41,833 --> 00:48:44,167
Our most unpleasant task

415
00:48:44,250 --> 00:48:48,500
has been making the S.S.,
of which there are about 50,

416
00:48:48,583 --> 00:48:50,000
bury the dead.

417
00:48:51,250 --> 00:48:55,625
Up to press, we have buried
about 17,000 people...

418
00:48:56,625 --> 00:49:01,208
and we expect to bury about
half as much again.

419
00:49:02,458 --> 00:49:04,458
When we came here,

420
00:49:04,542 --> 00:49:07,708
conditions were indescribable.

421
00:49:07,792 --> 00:49:11,958
The people had had no food for six days,

422
00:49:12,042 --> 00:49:13,625
and were eating turnips.

423
00:49:16,083 --> 00:49:19,750
The cookhouses have now been organized,

424
00:49:19,833 --> 00:49:22,708
and, although they have to be guarded

425
00:49:22,792 --> 00:49:26,750
so that everybody gets a fair share
of the food,

426
00:49:26,833 --> 00:49:29,375
things are now going fairly well.

427
00:49:30,625 --> 00:49:32,333
The officers and men

428
00:49:32,417 --> 00:49:34,167
regard this job

429
00:49:35,208 --> 00:49:37,667
as a duty that has to be performed,

430
00:49:37,750 --> 00:49:42,250
and none of us are likely to forget
what the German people have done here.

431
00:49:43,333 --> 00:49:45,125
[off-camera woman
gives instructions in German]

432
00:49:45,208 --> 00:49:48,417
[woman speaking German]

433
00:49:51,625 --> 00:49:55,625
[narrator] Speech of the woman doctor
at concentration camp Bergen-Belsen,

434
00:49:55,708 --> 00:49:58,917
24th of April, 1945.

435
00:49:59,000 --> 00:50:01,292
This is the doctor in charge
of the female section

436
00:50:01,375 --> 00:50:04,500
of the concentration camp
Bergen-Belsen.

437
00:50:04,583 --> 00:50:06,417
She was a prisoner at this camp.

438
00:50:07,417 --> 00:50:09,750
[woman speaking German]

439
00:50:18,000 --> 00:50:23,125
She says there were no covers,
straw stacks or beds of any kind.

440
00:50:23,208 --> 00:50:25,417
Persons had to lie
directly on the ground.

441
00:50:26,417 --> 00:50:30,167
They were given 1/12th of a loaf of bread
and some watery soup daily.

442
00:50:31,625 --> 00:50:34,792
Almost 75% of the people
were bloated from hunger.

443
00:50:36,000 --> 00:50:38,000
An epidemic of typhus broke out.

444
00:50:39,000 --> 00:50:42,583
Two hundred and fifty women
and thousands of men died daily.

445
00:50:44,208 --> 00:50:49,042
In the men's camp, they cut out liver,
heart and other parts of the dead

446
00:50:49,125 --> 00:50:50,542
and ate them.

447
00:50:50,625 --> 00:50:53,375
[woman speaking German]

448
00:51:17,708 --> 00:51:19,125
No medicines were available

449
00:51:19,208 --> 00:51:22,208
because the S.S. men
had collected everything.

450
00:51:24,292 --> 00:51:26,250
Two days before the British army came,

451
00:51:26,333 --> 00:51:28,792
the first Red Cross food was distributed.

452
00:51:30,208 --> 00:51:34,083
Two months before,
150 kilograms of chocolate

453
00:51:34,167 --> 00:51:36,333
had been sent to the children
of the camp.

454
00:51:37,333 --> 00:51:39,542
Ten kilograms were distributed.

455
00:51:39,625 --> 00:51:42,375
The rest the commandant kept for himself

456
00:51:42,458 --> 00:51:44,875
and used it as barter
to his personal advantage.

457
00:51:44,958 --> 00:51:47,667
[woman speaking German]

458
00:51:48,417 --> 00:51:49,708
[clears throat]

459
00:51:49,792 --> 00:51:52,208
[speaking German]

460
00:52:21,833 --> 00:52:23,833
She adds that
various medical experiments

461
00:52:23,917 --> 00:52:25,708
were made on the prisoners.

462
00:52:25,792 --> 00:52:28,583
Doctors gave some of them
intravenous injections

463
00:52:28,667 --> 00:52:31,250
of 20 cubic centimeters of benzene,

464
00:52:31,333 --> 00:52:33,417
which caused the victims to die.

465
00:52:34,417 --> 00:52:36,750
She concludes by saying
that sterilizations

466
00:52:36,833 --> 00:52:41,208
and other gynecological experiments
were performed on 19-year-old girls.

467
00:52:43,208 --> 00:52:45,875
[woman speaking German]

468
00:52:52,167 --> 00:52:55,833
Kramer, camp commandant,
is taken into custody.

469
00:53:12,250 --> 00:53:14,500
Such was the speed of the Allied advance

470
00:53:14,583 --> 00:53:17,958
that the guards were taken
before they had time to flee.

471
00:53:24,375 --> 00:53:30,542
Inside Belsen, the same story:
starvation and sickness.

472
00:53:40,792 --> 00:53:43,500
Liberated prisoners
could not control their emotion.

473
00:53:51,958 --> 00:53:54,542
Despite German attempts to cover up,

474
00:53:54,625 --> 00:53:56,625
we found these in the open fields.

475
00:54:25,667 --> 00:54:29,542
Clear-cut evidence of beatings
and outright murder was on every hand.

476
00:55:00,750 --> 00:55:04,667
Nameless victims were numbered
for records which the Germans destroyed.

477
00:55:19,750 --> 00:55:23,375
S.S. guards were impressed
to clean up the camp area.

478
00:56:34,167 --> 00:56:37,167
German woman guards were ordered
to bury the dead.

479
00:57:21,208 --> 00:57:23,750
Sanitary conditions were so appalling

480
00:57:23,833 --> 00:57:27,583
that heavy equipment had to be brought in
to speed the work of cleaning up.

481
00:58:17,417 --> 00:58:20,042
This was Bergen-Belsen.

482
00:58:24,417 --> 00:58:26,625
[no audible narration]