1 00:00:39,480 --> 00:00:42,200 (LOW RADIO CHATTER) 2 00:00:48,320 --> 00:00:50,680 DAVID ATTENBOROUGH: These people are hunting 3 00:00:50,800 --> 00:00:53,800 for one of the most endangered animals on the planet. 4 00:01:04,520 --> 00:01:09,000 The black rhino, an animal poached for its horn. 5 00:01:10,120 --> 00:01:11,720 (GUN FIRES) 6 00:01:17,680 --> 00:01:20,080 But they aren't going to harm her. 7 00:01:21,800 --> 00:01:26,320 Dumi Zwane and his team are on a rescue mission. 8 00:01:27,360 --> 00:01:30,200 DUMI: I don't think I'll ever stop fighting for rhino. 9 00:01:30,320 --> 00:01:32,800 It's just not possible. 10 00:01:32,920 --> 00:01:34,000 OK! Yeah. 11 00:01:34,120 --> 00:01:36,600 DAVID: They're setting up a new breeding colony 12 00:01:36,720 --> 00:01:38,240 in a safe haven. 13 00:01:38,360 --> 00:01:39,480 That's two. 14 00:01:39,600 --> 00:01:41,480 Two. OK. That's good. 15 00:01:41,600 --> 00:01:45,640 This female is going to be at the very centre of it. 16 00:01:49,200 --> 00:01:51,720 She weighs over a tonne... 17 00:01:52,800 --> 00:01:55,560 ...and there's only one way to get her out. 18 00:01:56,840 --> 00:01:57,760 That's it. 19 00:01:57,880 --> 00:01:59,360 There we are. Perfect! 20 00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:15,120 DUMI: When I watch it fly off, it's very emotional. 21 00:02:18,960 --> 00:02:20,720 It's a beautiful feeling. 22 00:02:25,040 --> 00:02:27,640 DAVID: She is sedated and safe... 23 00:02:29,200 --> 00:02:30,480 ...and in less than half an hour, 24 00:02:30,600 --> 00:02:33,240 she'll be back on the ground 25 00:02:33,360 --> 00:02:34,760 and starting a new life 26 00:02:34,880 --> 00:02:39,440 in a project that could save her entire species, 27 00:02:39,560 --> 00:02:43,400 thanks to Dumi and his remarkable team. 28 00:02:57,320 --> 00:02:58,760 We started making 29 00:02:58,880 --> 00:03:01,280 the very first Planet Earth series 30 00:03:01,400 --> 00:03:03,600 just over 20 years ago. 31 00:03:03,720 --> 00:03:08,000 Since then, our camera teams have filmed all over the world 32 00:03:08,120 --> 00:03:12,480 and visited some of its wildest and most remote corners. 33 00:03:18,920 --> 00:03:21,400 But the truth is that most of the animals 34 00:03:21,520 --> 00:03:24,520 we filmed over these last two decades 35 00:03:24,640 --> 00:03:26,920 are now rarer than they were. 36 00:03:28,840 --> 00:03:30,600 And the places where they live 37 00:03:30,720 --> 00:03:34,560 are in greater danger of destruction. 38 00:03:34,680 --> 00:03:37,400 But I've seen another change in those years, 39 00:03:37,520 --> 00:03:39,480 a hopeful change. 40 00:03:39,600 --> 00:03:42,360 A new generation of remarkable people 41 00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:45,040 are stepping up to save wildlife. 42 00:03:45,160 --> 00:03:47,200 They're overcoming huge obstacles, 43 00:03:47,320 --> 00:03:49,400 travelling to dangerous places, 44 00:03:49,520 --> 00:03:52,880 and sometimes even risking their lives. 45 00:03:53,000 --> 00:03:56,080 To me, they are true heroes. 46 00:03:56,200 --> 00:03:59,000 This is the story of some of them. 47 00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:09,960 Hidden in the heart of the Andes 48 00:04:10,080 --> 00:04:14,200 is the Centro Jambatu research centre. 49 00:04:17,600 --> 00:04:21,680 It's protecting members of what is, perhaps surprisingly, 50 00:04:21,800 --> 00:04:25,000 the most endangered group of animals in the world. 51 00:04:28,320 --> 00:04:30,000 Frogs. 52 00:04:31,080 --> 00:04:33,800 These individuals are the very last 53 00:04:33,920 --> 00:04:35,800 of their particular species. 54 00:04:38,280 --> 00:04:40,800 They're brought here not only for protection, 55 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:43,200 but, more importantly, 56 00:04:43,320 --> 00:04:45,320 to increase their numbers. 57 00:04:46,920 --> 00:04:49,080 And the person to find them... 58 00:04:50,760 --> 00:04:52,240 ...Jaime Culebras. 59 00:04:53,640 --> 00:04:57,520 I was seven the first time that I saw a frog 60 00:04:57,640 --> 00:05:00,440 and just changed my life. 61 00:05:01,560 --> 00:05:03,520 And ever since his childhood, 62 00:05:03,640 --> 00:05:06,880 he's been exploring the remotest places 63 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:10,400 and searching for the rarest frogs. 64 00:05:12,320 --> 00:05:14,360 This is a leaf frog. 65 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:19,280 He is just amazing. 66 00:05:19,400 --> 00:05:21,960 It's impossible to don't fall in love 67 00:05:22,080 --> 00:05:24,320 with an animal like this, no? 68 00:05:28,480 --> 00:05:32,480 But there is one frog here that is very special. 69 00:05:34,840 --> 00:05:36,280 His name - 70 00:05:36,400 --> 00:05:38,320 Sad Santiago. 71 00:05:38,440 --> 00:05:41,480 This is Sad Santiago, 72 00:05:41,600 --> 00:05:45,000 and he's sad because he's alone. 73 00:05:45,120 --> 00:05:49,600 He's one of the last members of his species. 74 00:05:49,720 --> 00:05:52,520 And he needs a female. 75 00:05:54,800 --> 00:05:58,960 Known as the Morona-Santiago harlequin frog, 76 00:05:59,080 --> 00:06:03,080 he may be the rarest frog in the world. 77 00:06:06,080 --> 00:06:08,920 While the other frogs here are doing their best 78 00:06:09,040 --> 00:06:11,680 to increase their populations, 79 00:06:11,800 --> 00:06:16,880 Santiago has sat alone for four long years. 80 00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:19,880 Maybe it's not the most beautiful frog, 81 00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:22,160 but he deserves love. 82 00:06:23,240 --> 00:06:25,480 Santiago has now grown old, 83 00:06:25,600 --> 00:06:28,800 and if Jaime can't find a female for him soon, 84 00:06:28,920 --> 00:06:31,760 the whole species could become extinct. 85 00:06:33,120 --> 00:06:35,240 (THUNDER RUMBLES) 86 00:06:37,600 --> 00:06:40,880 The last place where one of these frogs was seen... 87 00:06:42,680 --> 00:06:48,200 ...was high up on a mountain in the cloud forest of Ecuador. 88 00:06:50,920 --> 00:06:53,720 There's only one way to get there. 89 00:06:58,480 --> 00:07:00,120 (DONKEY SNORTS) 90 00:07:10,400 --> 00:07:13,760 Joining him is fellow frog-hunter Darwin 91 00:07:13,880 --> 00:07:18,840 and Jaime's partner and frog scientist Francesca. 92 00:07:21,360 --> 00:07:22,360 Ohh! 93 00:07:22,480 --> 00:07:24,400 Come on, come on. 94 00:07:24,520 --> 00:07:26,360 Arriba. 95 00:07:33,880 --> 00:07:36,520 FRANCESCA: This is one of the wettest places on Earth, 96 00:07:36,640 --> 00:07:38,560 and right now it's actually the wet season, 97 00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:40,000 the rainy season, 98 00:07:40,120 --> 00:07:41,840 so it rains even more. 99 00:07:41,960 --> 00:07:45,760 Soaking wet and teeming with bugs... 100 00:07:47,160 --> 00:07:49,720 ...it's a perfect place for frogs. 101 00:07:49,840 --> 00:07:51,920 Let's go. 102 00:07:52,040 --> 00:07:54,960 Most frogs come out of hiding at night. 103 00:07:57,840 --> 00:08:01,880 This place is extremely wonderful, 104 00:08:02,000 --> 00:08:06,720 but you have to be careful where you put your hands. 105 00:08:12,200 --> 00:08:14,320 FRANCESCA: Being with him is... 106 00:08:14,440 --> 00:08:15,760 It's unusual. 107 00:08:15,880 --> 00:08:18,360 It's not your regular relationship. (LAUGHS) 108 00:08:21,240 --> 00:08:24,360 Oh. He's obsessed. He's really obsessed. 109 00:08:24,480 --> 00:08:28,560 Streams like this should be full of frogs 110 00:08:28,680 --> 00:08:30,520 of many different species... 111 00:08:32,000 --> 00:08:36,080 ...but they search all night and find nothing. 112 00:08:43,200 --> 00:08:46,440 JAIME: It's a silent forest. 113 00:08:46,560 --> 00:08:48,040 It's sad. 114 00:08:53,840 --> 00:08:59,440 The sound of frogs is slowly disappearing from our world. 115 00:09:02,520 --> 00:09:03,840 The only place 116 00:09:03,960 --> 00:09:06,440 many frog species can now be found 117 00:09:06,560 --> 00:09:08,920 is in a museum. 118 00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:18,000 A key reason is the spread of a fungus called chytrid... 119 00:09:19,320 --> 00:09:21,960 ...that can grow on the moist skins of frogs, 120 00:09:22,080 --> 00:09:23,920 eventually killing them. 121 00:09:25,280 --> 00:09:27,840 90 species are thought to have become extinct 122 00:09:27,960 --> 00:09:29,760 as a consequence, 123 00:09:29,880 --> 00:09:34,040 and almost 600 more are now critically endangered. 124 00:09:36,960 --> 00:09:38,480 Before chytrid, 125 00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:40,120 I'm pretty sure 126 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:42,480 that you could walk 127 00:09:42,600 --> 00:09:43,960 through the stream 128 00:09:44,080 --> 00:09:46,480 and see everywhere 129 00:09:46,600 --> 00:09:49,880 many, many, many frogs 130 00:09:50,000 --> 00:09:54,040 on the rocks calling "prrr-prrr"! 131 00:09:57,360 --> 00:10:02,760 I wish I had been born before the frog disease. 132 00:10:09,840 --> 00:10:11,720 Night after night... 133 00:10:13,480 --> 00:10:16,280 ...they search the stream. 134 00:10:24,680 --> 00:10:26,480 FRANCESCA: Jaime! 135 00:10:26,600 --> 00:10:29,840 At last, there is a discovery. 136 00:10:29,960 --> 00:10:32,400 The sound is a "prrr", 137 00:10:32,520 --> 00:10:35,160 and I don't know exactly where, 138 00:10:35,280 --> 00:10:36,600 but it's there, more or less. 139 00:10:36,720 --> 00:10:38,240 FRANCESCA: En el agua! 140 00:10:40,640 --> 00:10:42,200 We have it. 141 00:10:42,320 --> 00:10:43,560 A glass frog. 142 00:10:46,160 --> 00:10:49,000 A really beautiful glass frog. 143 00:10:49,120 --> 00:10:51,840 Glass frogs are becoming increasingly rare, 144 00:10:51,960 --> 00:10:55,000 and one day they too could disappear. 145 00:10:56,600 --> 00:10:58,760 But it's not what they're looking for. 146 00:11:00,440 --> 00:11:04,440 The fact is that countless species go extinct... 147 00:11:05,720 --> 00:11:06,840 ...unnoticed. 148 00:11:10,520 --> 00:11:13,640 All Jaime can do is to continue his search 149 00:11:13,760 --> 00:11:16,080 for a mate for Santiago. 150 00:11:29,760 --> 00:11:31,000 JAIME: It's there. 151 00:11:33,120 --> 00:11:35,640 I found a female! 152 00:11:40,400 --> 00:11:41,720 Agh! 153 00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:44,720 Woohoo! 154 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:51,360 It's a female! Look. 155 00:11:51,480 --> 00:11:54,440 The size is bigger than the males. 156 00:11:54,560 --> 00:11:55,680 Wow. 157 00:11:55,800 --> 00:11:59,680 I feel so happy. 158 00:11:59,800 --> 00:12:01,320 The first female! 159 00:12:03,080 --> 00:12:07,320 She could be the cornerstone of a new breeding programme. 160 00:12:08,560 --> 00:12:11,680 Santiago will be very, very, very, very, very happy... 161 00:12:11,800 --> 00:12:15,400 (LAUGHS) ...because she's really beautiful. 162 00:12:16,720 --> 00:12:18,040 FRANCESCA: In my hand, I have hope. 163 00:12:18,160 --> 00:12:21,480 I have the saviour of this species, 164 00:12:21,600 --> 00:12:23,080 for breeding programmes 165 00:12:23,200 --> 00:12:24,920 and for people to reproduce it. 166 00:12:25,040 --> 00:12:28,280 I don't know, it's like I just have hope in my hand. 167 00:12:32,040 --> 00:12:36,320 There are over 7,000 species of frogs in the world, 168 00:12:36,440 --> 00:12:38,200 and you may well ask... 169 00:12:39,400 --> 00:12:42,720 ...does it really matter if a few go extinct? 170 00:12:48,440 --> 00:12:52,000 Well, just look at this tiny species 171 00:12:52,120 --> 00:12:54,280 of poison arrow frog. 172 00:12:55,880 --> 00:12:58,640 Scientists discovered a chemical on its skin... 173 00:13:00,880 --> 00:13:04,360 ...200 times stronger than morphine. 174 00:13:07,040 --> 00:13:08,840 Now they are studying how it works 175 00:13:08,960 --> 00:13:12,680 to create powerful new painkillers. 176 00:13:17,240 --> 00:13:22,080 But the natural world is not just one vast medicine chest. 177 00:13:22,200 --> 00:13:24,240 It's far more than that. 178 00:13:24,360 --> 00:13:27,440 It is our life support system, 179 00:13:27,560 --> 00:13:31,160 the fabric that holds our world together. 180 00:13:31,280 --> 00:13:32,600 Remove a part of it, 181 00:13:32,720 --> 00:13:34,360 a species or a habitat, 182 00:13:34,480 --> 00:13:37,560 and there's no knowing what could happen. 183 00:13:38,640 --> 00:13:40,960 (LOW RUMBLING) 184 00:13:43,760 --> 00:13:47,640 A prime example is the forest elephant. 185 00:13:47,760 --> 00:13:49,320 They play a crucial role 186 00:13:49,440 --> 00:13:52,080 in maintaining the rainforests of Africa... 187 00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:53,840 (ELEPHANT TRUMPETS) 188 00:13:54,880 --> 00:13:56,800 ...dispersing seeds and making clearings 189 00:13:56,920 --> 00:14:00,080 that are then used by many other animals. 190 00:14:08,040 --> 00:14:11,720 We filmed these images in 2004 191 00:14:11,840 --> 00:14:14,320 for the first Planet Earth series. 192 00:14:14,440 --> 00:14:16,520 (ELEPHANT TRUMPETS) 193 00:14:17,760 --> 00:14:19,120 Nine years later, 194 00:14:19,240 --> 00:14:20,720 poachers came here 195 00:14:20,840 --> 00:14:23,480 and killed 26 elephants for their ivory... 196 00:14:26,360 --> 00:14:28,680 ...including four of the calves. 197 00:14:34,600 --> 00:14:36,640 Since that first series, 198 00:14:36,760 --> 00:14:39,720 the number of forest elephants across Africa 199 00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:42,280 has dropped by two-thirds. 200 00:14:47,600 --> 00:14:52,000 But stopping the slaughter is a risky business. 201 00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:59,560 Abidjan in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa... 202 00:15:00,600 --> 00:15:05,720 ...part of the global network in the illegal ivory trade. 203 00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:17,440 A stranger has flown in from Vietnam, 204 00:15:17,560 --> 00:15:20,160 a hub for the import of ivory. 205 00:15:40,440 --> 00:15:42,920 Her name - Trang Nguyen. 206 00:15:44,360 --> 00:15:49,160 Her speciality - infiltrating the illegal wildlife trade 207 00:15:49,280 --> 00:15:51,040 by posing as a buyer. 208 00:16:24,640 --> 00:16:27,560 Trang is working with a network of conservationists 209 00:16:27,680 --> 00:16:28,600 called EAGLE. 210 00:16:29,680 --> 00:16:32,960 Her contact here is Rens Ilgen. 211 00:16:35,800 --> 00:16:37,920 But what is particular with this new trade 212 00:16:38,040 --> 00:16:40,400 in West Africa is, as you can see, 213 00:16:40,520 --> 00:16:42,960 a lot of the tusks are from baby elephants. 214 00:16:43,080 --> 00:16:46,000 So they're really down to the last elephants. 215 00:16:47,080 --> 00:16:49,600 Last week, seven people were killed. 216 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:50,680 Seven ranger was killed? 217 00:16:50,800 --> 00:16:53,080 So, clearly, it is not just about the ivory trade, 218 00:16:53,200 --> 00:16:56,400 but a lot of people, rangers, that are being killed as well. 219 00:16:56,520 --> 00:16:57,800 It's... it's war. 220 00:16:57,920 --> 00:16:59,520 - It's war. - And they're even going 221 00:16:59,640 --> 00:17:01,080 - for the baby elephants. - Yeah. 222 00:17:01,200 --> 00:17:03,800 Now Trang is set her task. 223 00:17:04,840 --> 00:17:08,760 So I want you to meet the godfather of ivory. 224 00:17:08,880 --> 00:17:11,880 We already arrested him four years ago 225 00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:13,680 when he had 400kg of ivory, 226 00:17:13,800 --> 00:17:16,520 which he was supplying to the Vietnamese community 227 00:17:16,640 --> 00:17:19,120 linked to the Vietnamese mafia. 228 00:17:19,240 --> 00:17:24,200 As he has been arrested before, he might be very cautious. 229 00:17:24,320 --> 00:17:26,040 It might be dangerous. 230 00:17:28,520 --> 00:17:31,320 She prepares her disguise as a business woman, 231 00:17:31,440 --> 00:17:33,760 but under her jacket - 232 00:17:33,880 --> 00:17:35,760 hidden recording equipment. 233 00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:39,720 EAGLE's undercover agents have been following 234 00:17:39,840 --> 00:17:41,720 the Godfather for years. 235 00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:46,640 Now is the moment to catch him. 236 00:17:56,040 --> 00:17:57,080 This is your first meeting. 237 00:17:57,200 --> 00:18:00,240 You're just going to discuss and get to know each other. 238 00:18:00,360 --> 00:18:01,320 See if they have the products. 239 00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:04,360 - Exactly. - I'm going in, 240 00:18:04,480 --> 00:18:08,520 and I need to sit facing away from the door, 241 00:18:08,640 --> 00:18:10,640 because I don't want people to see me with him. 242 00:18:13,040 --> 00:18:14,480 - We will be close by... - Yep. 243 00:18:14,600 --> 00:18:16,720 ...and nothing will go wrong. 244 00:18:17,840 --> 00:18:18,840 OK. 245 00:18:20,280 --> 00:18:22,760 - Good luck. - Bye. 246 00:18:31,320 --> 00:18:34,440 She meets the Godfather at a local cafe. 247 00:18:38,120 --> 00:18:41,120 The secret cameras capture the story. 248 00:18:54,040 --> 00:18:55,360 TRANG: Mm-hm. 249 00:19:15,680 --> 00:19:19,920 But the Godfather denies having any ivory for sale. 250 00:19:34,440 --> 00:19:35,480 TRANG: Merci. 251 00:19:36,600 --> 00:19:38,080 Yeah, yeah, yeah. 252 00:19:38,200 --> 00:19:39,600 Merci. 253 00:19:39,720 --> 00:19:41,400 Perhaps there's no ivory. 254 00:19:43,720 --> 00:19:46,080 Or maybe he doesn't trust Trang. 255 00:19:48,280 --> 00:19:50,120 It's a serious setback. 256 00:19:56,440 --> 00:19:59,000 But there are other traders out there. 257 00:19:59,120 --> 00:20:02,400 Perhaps her presence in town will draw them in. 258 00:20:06,440 --> 00:20:08,840 Every day that passes, 259 00:20:08,960 --> 00:20:11,080 more elephants are killed. 260 00:20:23,440 --> 00:20:26,640 For Trang, this work is very personal. 261 00:20:29,480 --> 00:20:32,280 TRANG: When I was 23, I got the phone call. 262 00:20:33,920 --> 00:20:37,720 The doctor told me that I had bowel cancer. 263 00:20:40,720 --> 00:20:42,800 The first thing pop up in my mind is that I'm so young, 264 00:20:42,920 --> 00:20:44,440 how can I get cancer? 265 00:20:45,480 --> 00:20:47,840 Once you have cancer, 266 00:20:47,960 --> 00:20:50,280 you don't know how long you're going to live for, 267 00:20:50,400 --> 00:20:54,240 and if I want to do anything, then I should just do it now. 268 00:20:55,800 --> 00:20:56,800 And that's when I said, 269 00:20:56,920 --> 00:20:58,440 "OK, I'm just going to do undercover," 270 00:20:58,560 --> 00:21:00,480 because I don't know when I'm gonna die, 271 00:21:00,600 --> 00:21:02,800 I might as well do something really meaningful. 272 00:21:10,320 --> 00:21:13,480 DAVID: Currently, Trang is in remission. 273 00:21:21,160 --> 00:21:23,960 Three days later, there's a breakthrough. 274 00:21:25,160 --> 00:21:27,040 (PHONE PINGS) 275 00:21:27,160 --> 00:21:31,480 A video sent by a trader. 276 00:21:33,600 --> 00:21:37,320 I can see that this video have about 14,15 ivory. 277 00:21:37,440 --> 00:21:40,000 They are big tusks, they are also small tusks as well. 278 00:21:40,120 --> 00:21:42,200 It's obviously come from baby elephants. 279 00:21:42,320 --> 00:21:43,600 The bait has been taken. 280 00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:46,640 Trang and the EAGLE team must act fast. 281 00:21:53,840 --> 00:21:57,000 She goes to meet the new targets. 282 00:22:00,920 --> 00:22:02,040 First job... 283 00:22:02,160 --> 00:22:03,320 TRANG: Bonsoir. 284 00:22:03,440 --> 00:22:04,880 ...gain their trust. 285 00:22:14,280 --> 00:22:15,640 TRANG: Cheers. 286 00:22:15,760 --> 00:22:16,920 - Cheers. - Cheers. 287 00:22:18,080 --> 00:22:19,760 TRANG: 288 00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:26,960 TRADER: OK. 289 00:22:27,080 --> 00:22:29,920 Eventually, Trang persuades the traders 290 00:22:30,040 --> 00:22:36,120 to move to a hotel room nearby to weigh the ivory 291 00:22:36,240 --> 00:22:38,240 and make the transaction. 292 00:22:49,320 --> 00:22:51,560 TRANG: Close the door. Close the door. 293 00:23:07,240 --> 00:23:09,600 Ivory is sold by the kilo. 294 00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:13,000 TRANG: That is just over 20. 20.2? 295 00:23:13,120 --> 00:23:14,320 TRADER: 20.3. 296 00:23:14,440 --> 00:23:18,600 A whole elephant family was killed for this haul. 297 00:23:18,720 --> 00:23:20,800 (LOW CHATTER) 298 00:23:20,920 --> 00:23:24,120 It's worth over £5,000. 299 00:23:24,240 --> 00:23:26,840 Here, that is a year's salary. 300 00:23:30,880 --> 00:23:33,120 What the traders don't realise 301 00:23:33,240 --> 00:23:36,760 is that the police are in the room above, 302 00:23:36,880 --> 00:23:39,240 waiting for a text from Trang. 303 00:23:49,960 --> 00:23:52,280 (SOFTLY) OK, let's go. 304 00:24:03,200 --> 00:24:04,800 (WHISPERING) 305 00:24:06,960 --> 00:24:08,280 TRANG: Who's there? 306 00:24:10,240 --> 00:24:11,240 TRANG: Service? 307 00:24:16,480 --> 00:24:19,000 (DOG BARKS) 308 00:24:19,120 --> 00:24:20,680 TRANG: You go open the door. 309 00:24:20,800 --> 00:24:22,440 TRADER: OK. 310 00:24:26,840 --> 00:24:29,920 - (POLICE SHOUT) - (TRANG SCREAMS) 311 00:24:30,040 --> 00:24:31,880 Don't move, don't move, don't move! 312 00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:34,240 (TRANG SCREAMS) 313 00:24:43,320 --> 00:24:45,840 TRANG (IN FRENCH): 314 00:24:48,760 --> 00:24:49,960 For her own safety, 315 00:24:50,080 --> 00:24:53,600 she has to keep her cover story and behave as a criminal... 316 00:24:53,720 --> 00:24:56,080 (MUFFLED SHOUTING) 317 00:24:57,920 --> 00:25:02,000 ...which means she must also be arrested. 318 00:25:02,120 --> 00:25:06,040 (POLICE ISSUE ORDERS IN FRENCH) 319 00:25:11,360 --> 00:25:17,000 A link in the global supply chain... broken. 320 00:25:23,320 --> 00:25:24,320 POLICE: OK. 321 00:25:25,880 --> 00:25:27,960 Trang is whisked away 322 00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:31,520 whilst the traders are taken to the police station, 323 00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:35,120 none the wiser about her involvement. 324 00:25:35,240 --> 00:25:36,760 (IN FRENCH) 325 00:25:41,080 --> 00:25:43,040 Over the next year, 326 00:25:43,160 --> 00:25:46,720 EAGLE catch 140 more traffickers 327 00:25:46,840 --> 00:25:50,960 in the fight against the global wildlife trade. 328 00:25:53,200 --> 00:25:57,200 But for Trang, this is her last operation. 329 00:25:58,240 --> 00:26:01,400 It's why we can show her face. 330 00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:15,200 It's not safe for her to stay a minute longer than necessary. 331 00:26:20,760 --> 00:26:27,520 Trang's final task is to vanish from Abidjan... for ever. 332 00:26:35,320 --> 00:26:36,600 Across the world, 333 00:26:36,720 --> 00:26:41,640 the numbers of wild animals are falling alarmingly. 334 00:26:41,760 --> 00:26:43,720 In just two decades - 335 00:26:43,840 --> 00:26:46,520 since we started making the first Planet Earth series - 336 00:26:46,640 --> 00:26:50,520 the abundance of wildlife around the globe has dropped 337 00:26:50,640 --> 00:26:53,680 on average by over 30%. 338 00:26:55,160 --> 00:26:58,240 We're facing a disaster, a catastrophe. 339 00:26:59,560 --> 00:27:03,880 Scientists say that we're on the edge of a mass extinction. 340 00:27:06,120 --> 00:27:09,280 It's being caused by human activity. 341 00:27:09,400 --> 00:27:13,360 So humans also have the power to stop it. 342 00:27:16,760 --> 00:27:20,640 It takes many qualities to save even one species. 343 00:27:22,480 --> 00:27:24,080 Determination... 344 00:27:27,600 --> 00:27:28,920 ...courage... 345 00:27:30,800 --> 00:27:32,200 ...and passion. 346 00:27:34,320 --> 00:27:38,280 And often, there's another ingredient that's needed. 347 00:27:39,720 --> 00:27:43,040 The ability to think big. 348 00:27:46,720 --> 00:27:51,160 In Vienna, Katharina Huchler is just starting a new job. 349 00:27:52,520 --> 00:27:54,280 The pay is terrible. 350 00:27:55,560 --> 00:27:56,920 The hours are long. 351 00:27:59,880 --> 00:28:01,640 And there are no days off. 352 00:28:03,880 --> 00:28:07,440 She is about to become a foster mother. 353 00:28:07,560 --> 00:28:08,680 Hi. 354 00:28:08,800 --> 00:28:10,240 - Hi. - (CHEEPING) 355 00:28:10,360 --> 00:28:11,240 Good morning. 356 00:28:11,360 --> 00:28:12,720 Hi. Hi. 357 00:28:12,840 --> 00:28:15,200 And these are her new babies... 358 00:28:16,360 --> 00:28:18,560 You're pretty awake. Hi. 359 00:28:18,680 --> 00:28:22,520 ...28 of one of the world's rarest birds. 360 00:28:22,640 --> 00:28:23,920 Hey. Hi. 361 00:28:24,040 --> 00:28:27,320 The northern bald ibis. 362 00:28:27,440 --> 00:28:30,440 You really quickly fall in love with them. (LAUGHS) 363 00:28:30,560 --> 00:28:35,400 They were hunted to extinction in Europe over 400 years ago. 364 00:28:37,440 --> 00:28:40,120 These chicks were born in a zoo. 365 00:28:40,240 --> 00:28:43,080 Katharina's task is to teach them 366 00:28:43,200 --> 00:28:46,480 to become wild, free birds. 367 00:28:46,600 --> 00:28:49,320 Yes, yes, yes. Komm. Komm. 368 00:28:49,440 --> 00:28:54,240 To do that, she must convince them that she is their mother. 369 00:28:54,360 --> 00:28:56,720 It's a process called imprinting. 370 00:28:56,840 --> 00:28:58,440 While it's happening, 371 00:28:58,560 --> 00:29:00,960 the chicks must never see or hear 372 00:29:01,080 --> 00:29:04,440 any other human except Helena, 373 00:29:04,560 --> 00:29:08,000 who's an ibis foster mum for the second time. 374 00:29:08,120 --> 00:29:11,400 They must always wear identical yellow clothes 375 00:29:11,520 --> 00:29:16,160 and repeat the same noises again and again. 376 00:29:17,640 --> 00:29:20,040 We mimic the sounds the adults make... 377 00:29:20,160 --> 00:29:21,480 It's like kkrukk! 378 00:29:21,600 --> 00:29:23,240 Kkrukk! Kkrukk! 379 00:29:23,360 --> 00:29:25,000 Kkrukk! 380 00:29:25,120 --> 00:29:27,800 - Kklup. - Kklup. Kklup. Kklup. 381 00:29:27,920 --> 00:29:30,600 ...but I'm not good yet at doing it. (LAUGHS) 382 00:29:30,720 --> 00:29:32,280 Goodnight. 383 00:29:32,400 --> 00:29:34,480 They're here when the chicks fall asleep... 384 00:29:34,600 --> 00:29:36,280 Sleep well. 385 00:29:38,280 --> 00:29:41,040 ...and the first thing they see when they awake. 386 00:29:41,160 --> 00:29:43,160 Good morning, waldies! Hallo! 387 00:29:43,280 --> 00:29:46,120 Let's have something to eat, shall we? Yes, let's eat. 388 00:29:46,240 --> 00:29:49,880 They're a bit like every human baby. 389 00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:52,280 They just need their food bit by bit by bit 390 00:29:52,400 --> 00:29:53,480 all day long. 391 00:29:53,600 --> 00:29:55,280 Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes. 392 00:29:55,400 --> 00:29:58,840 Oh, no, we did it all wrong. 393 00:29:58,960 --> 00:29:59,720 HELENA: Aw! 394 00:29:59,840 --> 00:30:02,440 It's really like changing the nappies of the babies. 395 00:30:02,560 --> 00:30:06,160 28 mouths to feed and bottoms to wipe, 396 00:30:06,280 --> 00:30:10,160 and all the time talking to the birds. 397 00:30:10,280 --> 00:30:12,200 Komm, komm, waldies! Komm, komm! 398 00:30:12,320 --> 00:30:13,760 Feeling really tired. 399 00:30:13,880 --> 00:30:15,760 Yeah. I'd really like to sleep a little bit more. 400 00:30:17,800 --> 00:30:21,000 As the weeks pass, the bond grows. 401 00:30:21,120 --> 00:30:24,360 And then it is time for the next stage 402 00:30:24,480 --> 00:30:26,840 in becoming wild birds. 403 00:30:31,120 --> 00:30:34,600 They move to a field in the Austrian Alps. 404 00:30:39,480 --> 00:30:42,880 They've now grown their adult flight feathers... 405 00:30:43,000 --> 00:30:44,440 Hey! 406 00:30:44,560 --> 00:30:47,320 ...but they're still chicks on the inside. 407 00:30:48,640 --> 00:30:51,520 So the imprinting must continue. 408 00:30:51,640 --> 00:30:53,480 With this hand gesture, 409 00:30:53,600 --> 00:30:56,880 we imitate the bill of an adult ibis 410 00:30:57,000 --> 00:30:59,960 and we combine it with the greeting sound. So this is... 411 00:31:00,080 --> 00:31:02,520 Kkloh! Kkloh! 412 00:31:02,640 --> 00:31:07,120 All this imprinting is for a very important reason. 413 00:31:09,800 --> 00:31:11,960 These are migratory birds. 414 00:31:12,080 --> 00:31:14,920 In autumn, they must fly south 415 00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:18,240 to their warm feeding grounds in Italy. 416 00:31:19,520 --> 00:31:22,200 And that is a problem. 417 00:31:22,320 --> 00:31:25,400 They know that they need to go somewhere, 418 00:31:25,520 --> 00:31:28,280 but they don't know in which direction and how far. 419 00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:32,360 So they need to learn the route from their parents. 420 00:31:34,200 --> 00:31:36,640 Their human mothers must show them the way. 421 00:31:38,360 --> 00:31:41,480 And that requires a little ingenuity. 422 00:31:41,600 --> 00:31:43,400 (ENGINE POWERS UP) 423 00:31:50,800 --> 00:31:54,240 This is where the imprinting is put to the test. 424 00:32:04,280 --> 00:32:06,320 Will the birds follow them... 425 00:32:08,000 --> 00:32:09,640 ...even in a microlight? 426 00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:11,440 KATHARINA: Komm, komm! 427 00:32:11,560 --> 00:32:13,680 Komm, komm, waldies! 428 00:32:13,800 --> 00:32:15,240 Komm, komm! 429 00:32:23,280 --> 00:32:25,880 (TRANSLATION) 430 00:32:29,120 --> 00:32:33,440 Getting too close is dangerous for both birds and humans. 431 00:32:33,560 --> 00:32:35,480 (TRANSLATION) 432 00:32:42,960 --> 00:32:44,560 Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh! 433 00:33:01,560 --> 00:33:03,320 After a wobbly start... 434 00:33:04,640 --> 00:33:06,680 ...at last they settle. 435 00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:15,040 The imprinting has worked. 436 00:33:26,400 --> 00:33:29,080 Our birds did very well today. 437 00:33:36,440 --> 00:33:39,080 But their biggest challenge is still to come. 438 00:33:44,080 --> 00:33:46,960 The Zillertal Alps. 439 00:33:52,240 --> 00:33:55,240 A great wall of rock and ice. 440 00:34:04,040 --> 00:34:06,440 It's going to be the most important flight 441 00:34:06,560 --> 00:34:08,480 of their young lives. 442 00:34:09,920 --> 00:34:13,800 It will take them to the very edge of exhaustion. 443 00:34:13,920 --> 00:34:17,400 A lot of young birds die during their first migration. 444 00:34:17,520 --> 00:34:19,520 They are still so inexperienced. 445 00:34:21,200 --> 00:34:22,200 There's also danger 446 00:34:22,320 --> 00:34:24,400 for the foster mothers and the pilots. 447 00:34:28,040 --> 00:34:30,280 If there is a problem with the microlights, 448 00:34:30,400 --> 00:34:32,680 there is no safe place to land. 449 00:34:35,720 --> 00:34:39,240 To gain enough height to fly over these mountains... 450 00:34:41,800 --> 00:34:45,760 ...they must find columns of rising air called thermals... 451 00:34:49,720 --> 00:34:51,960 ...a skill these birds would normally learn 452 00:34:52,080 --> 00:34:55,280 by following their natural mothers. 453 00:35:01,600 --> 00:35:03,080 (WIND WHISTLES) 454 00:35:11,400 --> 00:35:15,160 It takes expert piloting to find the thermals. 455 00:35:24,600 --> 00:35:26,200 Once within one, 456 00:35:26,320 --> 00:35:29,440 it's turbulent and unpredictable. 457 00:35:49,000 --> 00:35:50,200 With every turn, 458 00:35:50,320 --> 00:35:54,960 the mothers must make sure all 28 birds are following. 459 00:36:19,600 --> 00:36:21,480 All 28 birds here. 460 00:36:21,600 --> 00:36:23,240 (REPEATS IN GERMAN) 461 00:36:23,360 --> 00:36:25,360 Phew. (LAUGHS) 462 00:36:37,400 --> 00:36:41,960 At last, they make it over the highest ridge. 463 00:36:56,400 --> 00:37:00,600 From now on, it should be easy flying. 464 00:37:21,720 --> 00:37:23,440 KATHARINA: What we are trying to do, 465 00:37:23,560 --> 00:37:25,080 apart from saving the ibis, 466 00:37:25,200 --> 00:37:27,800 is trying to give hope to people. 467 00:37:30,240 --> 00:37:32,800 If you can bring back one species, 468 00:37:32,920 --> 00:37:34,960 you can also do it with others. 469 00:37:47,440 --> 00:37:52,840 DAVID: A species once left for dead now has a future. 470 00:37:57,760 --> 00:37:59,840 And they head for their safe winter home 471 00:37:59,960 --> 00:38:02,640 in a protected nature reserve. 472 00:38:24,200 --> 00:38:25,360 (HORN BEEPS) 473 00:38:25,480 --> 00:38:29,520 But as we have seen throughout this series, 474 00:38:29,640 --> 00:38:32,080 many species are losing 475 00:38:32,200 --> 00:38:35,000 the wild habitats they need to survive. 476 00:38:38,760 --> 00:38:41,800 It's the biggest cause of extinction. 477 00:38:49,760 --> 00:38:55,000 Nowhere is this more apparent than in the Amazon rainforest. 478 00:38:58,280 --> 00:39:02,120 Our Planet Earth crews have filmed here many times 479 00:39:02,240 --> 00:39:04,480 over the last two decades... 480 00:39:11,080 --> 00:39:12,440 (CREAKING) 481 00:39:12,560 --> 00:39:14,040 ...and in that time, 482 00:39:14,160 --> 00:39:18,760 over 16,000 million trees... 483 00:39:20,880 --> 00:39:22,640 ...have been felled. 484 00:39:28,560 --> 00:39:30,400 To safeguard the countless species 485 00:39:30,520 --> 00:39:31,520 that live here... 486 00:39:32,840 --> 00:39:35,560 ...the forest itself must be protected... 487 00:39:37,720 --> 00:39:42,240 ...and there's a force rising up to do just that. 488 00:39:45,040 --> 00:39:46,120 (TRANSLATION) 489 00:40:08,600 --> 00:40:13,320 Alessandra Korap is one of the leaders of the Munduruku. 490 00:40:15,120 --> 00:40:18,480 They have been the guardians of this part of the Amazon 491 00:40:18,600 --> 00:40:21,120 for thousands of years. 492 00:40:58,560 --> 00:41:00,160 When she was a child, 493 00:41:00,280 --> 00:41:04,560 this part of the Amazon forest stretched unbroken 494 00:41:04,680 --> 00:41:07,280 for hundreds of miles. 495 00:41:13,960 --> 00:41:16,440 Now it's being carved up... 496 00:41:17,520 --> 00:41:20,160 ...for mining, for timber, 497 00:41:20,280 --> 00:41:23,400 but most of all for agriculture. 498 00:41:27,080 --> 00:41:31,400 This is the frontline in the battle for the Amazon, 499 00:41:31,520 --> 00:41:33,640 and it is a deadly one. 500 00:41:38,920 --> 00:41:41,400 In the last decade, more than 300 people 501 00:41:41,520 --> 00:41:45,520 have been murdered in Brazil defending the environment. 502 00:42:13,480 --> 00:42:16,760 The Munduruku, like many indigenous groups, 503 00:42:16,880 --> 00:42:19,480 live in isolated communities 504 00:42:19,600 --> 00:42:23,920 vulnerable to attack from miners, farmers and loggers. 505 00:42:51,040 --> 00:42:55,720 The Amazon's future is decided 2,000 miles away. 506 00:42:58,520 --> 00:43:00,960 Here, in the parliament of Brazil, 507 00:43:01,080 --> 00:43:03,520 new laws are being debated 508 00:43:03,640 --> 00:43:05,760 to allow the exploitation 509 00:43:05,880 --> 00:43:07,880 of their traditional tribal land. 510 00:43:12,680 --> 00:43:15,800 But Alessandra has a plan - 511 00:43:15,920 --> 00:43:18,720 to unite with other tribes 512 00:43:18,840 --> 00:43:21,760 and organise a protest so big 513 00:43:21,880 --> 00:43:24,640 that it cannot be ignored. 514 00:44:13,160 --> 00:44:16,760 It's a three-day journey to the capital city. 515 00:44:16,880 --> 00:44:19,280 (LORRY HORN BLARES) 516 00:44:20,320 --> 00:44:23,720 Trucks rumble to and from the fields. 517 00:44:25,640 --> 00:44:29,200 Land that used to be rainforest. 518 00:44:30,320 --> 00:44:34,440 They're carrying thousands of tonnes of soya beans. 519 00:44:37,120 --> 00:44:39,720 It's shipped from the heart of the Amazon 520 00:44:39,840 --> 00:44:41,240 across the world. 521 00:44:43,040 --> 00:44:44,760 Not to feed humans... 522 00:44:46,000 --> 00:44:47,720 ...but to feed livestock. 523 00:45:11,400 --> 00:45:15,400 Eventually, Alessandra makes it to Brasilia. 524 00:45:17,000 --> 00:45:20,840 News of the protest has spread all over the country. 525 00:45:24,480 --> 00:45:27,960 200 groups have united in a huge camp. 526 00:45:28,080 --> 00:45:29,960 (PROTESTORS SING) 527 00:45:31,680 --> 00:45:34,760 From the northeast of Brazil - the Xukuru. 528 00:45:36,280 --> 00:45:40,200 From the southern edge of the Amazon - the Karajá. 529 00:45:51,760 --> 00:45:56,880 For ten days, they protest against the proposed laws. 530 00:46:14,680 --> 00:46:17,880 Alessandra and the other leaders have created 531 00:46:18,000 --> 00:46:20,640 the biggest protest by indigenous people 532 00:46:20,760 --> 00:46:22,800 ever held in Brazil. 533 00:46:32,240 --> 00:46:37,160 Later, one of the proposed laws was withdrawn... 534 00:46:42,920 --> 00:46:45,920 ...a small but significant victory 535 00:46:46,040 --> 00:46:49,520 in Alessandra's fight for Brazil's wild places. 536 00:46:58,200 --> 00:47:02,240 The destruction of habitats is currently the biggest threat 537 00:47:02,360 --> 00:47:05,280 to the survival of animal species. 538 00:47:05,400 --> 00:47:09,720 But there is an even greater disaster on the horizon. 539 00:47:09,840 --> 00:47:12,480 Our climate is changing. 540 00:47:12,600 --> 00:47:16,600 Seasons have become unpredictable and more extreme. 541 00:47:16,720 --> 00:47:19,480 Our planet is getting hotter. 542 00:47:22,440 --> 00:47:23,960 Scientists predict 543 00:47:24,080 --> 00:47:28,440 that if the global temperature rises by over two degrees, 544 00:47:28,560 --> 00:47:30,080 it is likely to become 545 00:47:30,200 --> 00:47:32,920 the number one cause of extinction. 546 00:47:34,920 --> 00:47:37,520 To halt climate change, 547 00:47:37,640 --> 00:47:41,400 perhaps politicians need to become heroes, too. 548 00:47:41,840 --> 00:47:43,240 NEWS REPORT: Hello, good evening, 549 00:47:43,360 --> 00:47:45,560 and a warm welcome to Glasgow and the start 550 00:47:45,680 --> 00:47:48,360 of the long-awaited climate summit COP26. 551 00:47:48,480 --> 00:47:50,640 World leaders, prominent scientists 552 00:47:50,760 --> 00:47:53,240 and advisers all ready for 12 days of... 553 00:47:53,360 --> 00:47:55,480 DAVID: Mohamed Nasheed is a politician, 554 00:47:55,600 --> 00:47:58,840 the former president of the Maldives. 555 00:47:58,960 --> 00:48:02,760 NASHEED: The doctors said that they took 16 ball bearings 556 00:48:02,880 --> 00:48:06,360 from all parts of my body. 557 00:48:06,480 --> 00:48:09,760 I was unconscious for two days. 558 00:48:11,520 --> 00:48:13,360 DAVID: Over his political career, 559 00:48:13,480 --> 00:48:16,360 he has been tortured, imprisoned 560 00:48:16,480 --> 00:48:19,960 and recently survived an assassination attempt. 561 00:48:21,840 --> 00:48:23,400 But during that time, 562 00:48:23,520 --> 00:48:26,160 he's also fought relentlessly 563 00:48:26,280 --> 00:48:28,960 against climate change. 564 00:48:30,280 --> 00:48:33,880 ...pleasure to be able to bring you Mohamed Nasheed. 565 00:48:34,000 --> 00:48:35,320 (CHEERING AND APPLAUSE) 566 00:48:35,440 --> 00:48:40,120 DAVID: In Glasgow, on the eve of climate conference COP26, 567 00:48:40,240 --> 00:48:41,920 he is addressing a rally. 568 00:48:42,040 --> 00:48:43,440 Thank you. 569 00:48:43,560 --> 00:48:45,240 Thank you very much. 570 00:48:49,600 --> 00:48:52,240 So we come to COP26 571 00:48:52,360 --> 00:48:55,400 to find out whether we still have a future. 572 00:48:55,520 --> 00:49:00,440 If we cannot have a legally binding agreement 573 00:49:00,560 --> 00:49:04,240 not to push global temperatures 574 00:49:04,360 --> 00:49:07,040 above 1.5 degrees, 575 00:49:07,160 --> 00:49:09,120 my country will be gone, 576 00:49:09,240 --> 00:49:11,920 as will all the world's coral reefs 577 00:49:12,040 --> 00:49:15,000 and most of the rainforests. 578 00:49:15,120 --> 00:49:19,640 Is all this devastation really worth it, 579 00:49:19,760 --> 00:49:25,120 so that we can continue to burn coal and fossil fuel 580 00:49:25,240 --> 00:49:26,800 for a few more years? 581 00:49:28,640 --> 00:49:32,440 I have spent a lifetime 582 00:49:32,560 --> 00:49:34,960 fighting for my country, 583 00:49:35,080 --> 00:49:37,800 and with more determination than ever, 584 00:49:37,920 --> 00:49:42,640 because I know my time on Earth might be cut short. 585 00:49:43,800 --> 00:49:46,720 Mohamed Nasheed's passion for the natural world 586 00:49:46,840 --> 00:49:51,760 began the first time he saw a coral reef. 587 00:50:02,720 --> 00:50:05,400 NASHEED: My earliest memory 588 00:50:05,520 --> 00:50:09,800 is with the ocean and the reef. 589 00:50:09,920 --> 00:50:15,600 We were the first generation to actually see the reef. 590 00:50:15,720 --> 00:50:19,360 Masks and goggles came to the Maldives 591 00:50:19,480 --> 00:50:22,040 in the late '60s, early '70s. 592 00:50:23,360 --> 00:50:29,920 Once we started seeing the reef as a living creature... 593 00:50:31,080 --> 00:50:34,440 ...we were just dumbfounded. 594 00:50:37,480 --> 00:50:39,920 DAVID: But Nasheed's beloved coral 595 00:50:40,040 --> 00:50:43,560 is now the habitat that is most threatened 596 00:50:43,680 --> 00:50:45,960 by climate change. 597 00:50:50,600 --> 00:50:55,280 The critical tipping point is a 1.5 degree temperature rise. 598 00:50:56,320 --> 00:50:59,600 Beyond that, most reefs will die, 599 00:50:59,720 --> 00:51:01,920 leaving nothing but rubble. 600 00:51:05,360 --> 00:51:08,120 NASHEED: When you think of a bigger picture, 601 00:51:08,240 --> 00:51:12,680 then your own life is not so important. 602 00:51:14,400 --> 00:51:17,800 It's what you want to get done which is important. 603 00:51:21,200 --> 00:51:24,520 DAVID: Nasheed's aim is to persuade politicians 604 00:51:24,640 --> 00:51:27,680 to cut the use of coal and other fossil fuels. 605 00:51:29,240 --> 00:51:33,280 He repeats this plea at every climate conference. 606 00:51:33,400 --> 00:51:35,840 NASHEED: You need to be able to convince people, 607 00:51:35,960 --> 00:51:38,320 try to educate people. 608 00:51:38,440 --> 00:51:39,880 We are in trouble. 609 00:51:40,000 --> 00:51:41,320 We will not survive 610 00:51:41,440 --> 00:51:44,360 if the planet is heated above 1.5 degrees. 611 00:51:44,480 --> 00:51:45,960 We must act now. 612 00:51:46,080 --> 00:51:49,640 DAVID: At first, journalists are reporting on 613 00:51:49,760 --> 00:51:53,240 some eye-catching promises made by heads of state. 614 00:51:53,360 --> 00:51:55,600 NEWS REPORT: 18 countries have committed themselves 615 00:51:55,720 --> 00:51:58,720 to a plan to stop using coal-fired powerplants. 616 00:51:58,840 --> 00:52:00,040 It is an election issue now. 617 00:52:00,160 --> 00:52:03,960 That is why world leaders have joined the rhetoric. 618 00:52:04,080 --> 00:52:09,240 DAVID: The next stage - turning promises into solid plans. 619 00:52:09,360 --> 00:52:13,200 And Nasheed is busy working behind the scenes. 620 00:52:13,320 --> 00:52:14,320 If they don't agree, 621 00:52:14,440 --> 00:52:16,200 we will ring their ministers, their presidents 622 00:52:16,320 --> 00:52:17,560 and get them online. 623 00:52:17,680 --> 00:52:20,040 I think that's what we're trying to do. 624 00:52:20,160 --> 00:52:21,480 So let's do this. 625 00:52:23,640 --> 00:52:24,760 How are you, Prime Minister? 626 00:52:24,880 --> 00:52:26,440 Yeah, OK. I can hear you, but I can hear 627 00:52:26,560 --> 00:52:28,000 the Prime Minister much clearer. 628 00:52:28,120 --> 00:52:32,160 DAVID: All countries need to agree to the final text, 629 00:52:32,280 --> 00:52:34,040 and some won't. 630 00:52:34,160 --> 00:52:37,640 People who want to continue fossil fuel 631 00:52:37,760 --> 00:52:39,920 I think are the bad guys, 632 00:52:40,040 --> 00:52:43,840 and people who want to change I feel are the good guys. 633 00:52:45,440 --> 00:52:47,240 Thank you. Thank you so much. 634 00:52:48,760 --> 00:52:52,480 DAVID: After 14 days, this COP closes... 635 00:52:52,600 --> 00:52:54,960 ...with some progress, 636 00:52:55,080 --> 00:52:58,200 but also with big compromises. 637 00:52:58,320 --> 00:53:00,800 NEWS REPORT: An agreement was finally reached this evening 638 00:53:00,920 --> 00:53:03,040 after a key section on the future use of coal 639 00:53:03,160 --> 00:53:05,080 was at the last moment watered down. 640 00:53:07,160 --> 00:53:09,800 DAVID: Without urgent new commitments, 641 00:53:09,920 --> 00:53:14,040 the target of 1.5 degrees will be missed. 642 00:53:14,160 --> 00:53:15,840 It is disastrous. 643 00:53:15,960 --> 00:53:17,200 It will... 644 00:53:17,320 --> 00:53:20,320 If you picture this, if you can fathom it... 645 00:53:22,880 --> 00:53:26,320 ...the coral will bleach 646 00:53:26,440 --> 00:53:28,480 and they will die, 647 00:53:28,600 --> 00:53:30,680 and when they are dead, 648 00:53:30,800 --> 00:53:35,240 the fish and the marine life that lives there... 649 00:53:35,360 --> 00:53:37,680 ...uh, cease to exist. 650 00:53:48,840 --> 00:53:50,480 You would have thought 651 00:53:50,600 --> 00:53:53,680 that your normal prime minister and president... 652 00:53:55,280 --> 00:53:59,120 ...would have a better grip on understanding things 653 00:53:59,240 --> 00:54:03,480 and not just go on and on and on 654 00:54:03,600 --> 00:54:05,560 about protecting their way of life. 655 00:54:07,960 --> 00:54:12,520 So it's frustrating to see politicians... 656 00:54:13,840 --> 00:54:16,240 ...who doesn't seem to understand it. 657 00:54:20,680 --> 00:54:22,520 DAVID: With current policies, 658 00:54:22,640 --> 00:54:26,160 99% of coral reefs could be gone... 659 00:54:28,000 --> 00:54:30,080 ...in under 30 years. 660 00:54:31,560 --> 00:54:33,680 Other habitats will follow. 661 00:54:38,680 --> 00:54:40,080 NASHEED: You can't lose hope. 662 00:54:41,440 --> 00:54:43,040 You cannot give up. 663 00:54:44,960 --> 00:54:46,240 I will not stop. 664 00:54:48,320 --> 00:54:51,760 DAVID: Nasheed believes there is a solution. 665 00:54:55,560 --> 00:54:59,600 NASHEED: The more environment becomes an election issue, 666 00:54:59,720 --> 00:55:03,000 there will be more action on climate. 667 00:55:04,280 --> 00:55:09,080 Every time you vote in every election, 668 00:55:09,200 --> 00:55:11,240 please tick the planet. 669 00:55:24,000 --> 00:55:27,720 The challenge of saving species can't be left 670 00:55:27,840 --> 00:55:32,880 to a few heroic individuals working against the odds. 671 00:55:33,000 --> 00:55:35,560 It's those in positions of great power 672 00:55:35,680 --> 00:55:38,160 who can make the most difference. 673 00:55:38,280 --> 00:55:39,320 So, ultimately, 674 00:55:39,440 --> 00:55:43,680 it is they who must take the most responsibility. 675 00:55:43,800 --> 00:55:48,680 Perhaps one of our roles is to hold them to account. 676 00:55:49,720 --> 00:55:52,880 Time is running out for many species, 677 00:55:53,000 --> 00:55:54,680 but I truly believe 678 00:55:54,800 --> 00:55:57,360 that if the right decisions are made now, 679 00:55:57,480 --> 00:55:59,280 at this critical moment, 680 00:55:59,400 --> 00:56:03,360 there could still be a bright future for all life 681 00:56:03,480 --> 00:56:06,160 on our wonderful Planet Earth.