1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:01:25,627 --> 00:01:28,004 - Hello. - Hello. 4 00:01:28,005 --> 00:01:28,880 There you are. 5 00:01:28,881 --> 00:01:31,215 - Do you please direct me to the American history section? 6 00:01:31,216 --> 00:01:32,967 Yes, it's to the right, around this post. 7 00:01:32,968 --> 00:01:34,928 - Thank you. - You're welcome. 8 00:01:41,727 --> 00:01:43,185 - Need any help, son? 9 00:01:43,186 --> 00:01:45,271 - Oh, we've got a theme to write for school 10 00:01:45,272 --> 00:01:48,274 on any period of recent American history. 11 00:01:48,275 --> 00:01:50,318 Gee, I don't know what to pick. 12 00:01:50,319 --> 00:01:52,696 - Well, you have plenty to choose from here. 13 00:01:54,156 --> 00:01:59,285 Up to 1914, but I guess that's pretty old stuff for us now. 14 00:01:59,286 --> 00:02:03,706 1914 to 1918 and the war, the first one, you know, 15 00:02:03,707 --> 00:02:05,167 but that's not much fun. 16 00:02:06,376 --> 00:02:11,590 1918 to 1930, now those were the days. 17 00:02:11,673 --> 00:02:13,674 Things were really fine. 18 00:02:13,675 --> 00:02:17,386 1930 to '39, now that's the depression. 19 00:02:17,387 --> 00:02:18,804 You don't want that. 20 00:02:18,805 --> 00:02:20,014 Oh, here. 21 00:02:20,015 --> 00:02:21,015 The second world war. 22 00:02:21,016 --> 00:02:22,767 - Oh, that's not history. 23 00:02:22,768 --> 00:02:24,644 I could remember that myself. 24 00:02:24,645 --> 00:02:25,645 - Oh. 25 00:02:27,272 --> 00:02:28,398 Well, look here, son. 26 00:02:29,524 --> 00:02:32,193 By and large, this is your best bet. 27 00:02:32,194 --> 00:02:33,819 Chances are you'll never live through 28 00:02:33,820 --> 00:02:35,988 any days like those again. 29 00:02:35,989 --> 00:02:38,282 No one seems to remember them except people my age, 30 00:02:38,283 --> 00:02:40,826 but they were our happy times. 31 00:02:40,827 --> 00:02:42,244 Take a look at this. 32 00:02:42,245 --> 00:02:45,206 Something will give you an idea how things were in the '20s. 33 00:02:45,207 --> 00:02:46,166 - Gee thanks. 34 00:02:46,167 --> 00:02:47,834 - Thanks a lot. - You're welcome. 35 00:03:07,896 --> 00:03:09,730 - I'm Frederick Lewis Allen. 36 00:03:09,731 --> 00:03:12,317 I'll cover the manners and customs of the 1920's. 37 00:03:13,902 --> 00:03:19,116 - Robert o. Lewis, Broadway, movies, theater, night clubs, 38 00:03:19,282 --> 00:03:20,909 that's for me in any period. 39 00:03:22,577 --> 00:03:25,247 - Allen Prescott, the lighter moments interest me. 40 00:03:26,581 --> 00:03:29,625 - This is red barber, not-so-oi' redhead. 41 00:03:29,626 --> 00:03:31,336 We had sports in the '20s, too. 42 00:03:32,879 --> 00:03:34,422 - I'm Elmer Davis. 43 00:03:34,423 --> 00:03:38,759 I'll tell you about the political climate of the '20s. 44 00:03:41,388 --> 00:03:42,805 It was quite a party 45 00:03:42,806 --> 00:03:46,559 when we heard that the first world war of our time was over. 46 00:03:48,895 --> 00:03:52,314 The news of the armistice was a bit premature, 47 00:03:52,315 --> 00:03:54,942 but that didn't prevent a full-scale celebration 48 00:03:54,943 --> 00:03:56,319 in Times Square. 49 00:03:57,362 --> 00:04:00,823 If the kaiser had been there, he'd have had a rough time. 50 00:04:00,824 --> 00:04:03,159 We blamed it all on him. 51 00:04:03,160 --> 00:04:06,162 But now he was licked, and most of us figured 52 00:04:06,163 --> 00:04:08,123 that there wouldn't be any more wars. 53 00:04:13,712 --> 00:04:15,546 We were ready for peace, 54 00:04:15,547 --> 00:04:17,673 and when the steamship George Washington 55 00:04:17,674 --> 00:04:21,093 moved down the north river, taking president Wilson 56 00:04:21,094 --> 00:04:24,555 to Europe and to peace conference, we thought the world 57 00:04:24,556 --> 00:04:26,808 was about to be made safe for democracy. 58 00:04:29,437 --> 00:04:31,479 Yes, that's what we thought, 59 00:04:31,480 --> 00:04:33,648 but meanwhile, we wanted to be amused. 60 00:04:35,734 --> 00:04:39,069 To thrill the crowds or maybe promote a cure for bunions, 61 00:04:39,070 --> 00:04:41,489 we had the daring human flies, 62 00:04:41,490 --> 00:04:44,117 second story men making their way up in the world. 63 00:04:48,413 --> 00:04:52,333 The baseball scoreboard was easier to understand 64 00:04:52,334 --> 00:04:55,795 and a lot more exciting than anything happening in Europe, 65 00:04:55,796 --> 00:04:58,632 which after all was a long way off. 66 00:05:00,592 --> 00:05:02,051 But Europe was right with us 67 00:05:02,052 --> 00:05:04,094 in the latest French fashions, 68 00:05:04,095 --> 00:05:07,432 especially the nightgowns, which were very daring. 69 00:05:08,433 --> 00:05:11,060 There was a little number in mischievous satin 70 00:05:11,061 --> 00:05:14,188 designed for an intoxicating bride. 71 00:05:14,189 --> 00:05:17,484 Its lines, both modern and parisian. 72 00:05:19,528 --> 00:05:23,113 Women's legs cam into the open for the first time, 73 00:05:23,114 --> 00:05:25,283 but their heads stayed under cover. 74 00:05:31,081 --> 00:05:33,499 Something new came into our lives, 75 00:05:33,500 --> 00:05:35,376 the traffic jam. 76 00:05:35,377 --> 00:05:36,961 When the road was clear, 77 00:05:36,962 --> 00:05:39,714 you could legally do 20 miles an hour. 78 00:05:41,508 --> 00:05:44,135 Arguing with the cop got you nothing but a ticket. 79 00:05:45,679 --> 00:05:48,264 All this added up to a new age beginning, 80 00:05:48,265 --> 00:05:50,224 and people were ready for it. 81 00:05:50,225 --> 00:05:52,560 They were ready to play too. 82 00:05:52,561 --> 00:05:54,645 Crowds jammed the resorts, 83 00:05:54,646 --> 00:05:57,481 where they were amazed by the death defining stunts 84 00:05:57,482 --> 00:06:01,236 of wing walkers, who never knew which end was up. 85 00:06:05,907 --> 00:06:07,825 It looked as if the new airplane 86 00:06:07,826 --> 00:06:11,288 was going to be more than an attraction for weekend crowds. 87 00:06:12,414 --> 00:06:17,376 The Navy's no-4 had flown all the way from the United States 88 00:06:17,377 --> 00:06:21,548 to Great Britain in only 54 flying hours. 89 00:06:22,507 --> 00:06:24,592 And there were the lighter than air craft, 90 00:06:24,593 --> 00:06:26,886 like the British r-34, 91 00:06:26,887 --> 00:06:30,764 which flew across the ocean with incredible ease. 92 00:06:30,765 --> 00:06:32,766 You couldn't be sure whether the future lay 93 00:06:32,767 --> 00:06:35,436 with the dirigible or the airplane, 94 00:06:35,437 --> 00:06:37,939 but anyhow, wasn't it a great future? 95 00:06:39,149 --> 00:06:42,610 There weren't any commercial airlines in america. 96 00:06:42,611 --> 00:06:45,613 But toward the end of the war, the post office department 97 00:06:45,614 --> 00:06:49,700 had started its airmail service, and when you saw 98 00:06:49,701 --> 00:06:53,037 one of the little airmail planes in action, 99 00:06:53,038 --> 00:06:55,372 and realized that aviation had plenty of 100 00:06:55,373 --> 00:06:58,792 brilliant wartime pilots to draw upon, 101 00:06:58,793 --> 00:07:02,755 men like Eddie rickenbacker and Bert acosta, 102 00:07:02,756 --> 00:07:06,092 you knew that the air age must really be coming. 103 00:07:07,510 --> 00:07:08,969 At this point, 104 00:07:08,970 --> 00:07:12,181 the people voted for something hopefully called prohibition, 105 00:07:12,182 --> 00:07:15,643 and when the saloons and bars closed up early in 1920, 106 00:07:15,644 --> 00:07:18,355 it caused a great deal of downright grief. 107 00:07:23,985 --> 00:07:26,654 The trouble had started a good many years earlier, 108 00:07:26,655 --> 00:07:29,239 when a firm old lady named Carrie nation 109 00:07:29,240 --> 00:07:31,575 had raided the saloons with a hatchet. 110 00:07:31,576 --> 00:07:34,119 She won, and when the prohibition amendment 111 00:07:34,120 --> 00:07:37,456 became the law of the land, enough good, hard liquor 112 00:07:37,457 --> 00:07:41,251 went down the drain to make you feel like crying. 113 00:07:41,252 --> 00:07:42,962 It looked like the end, 114 00:07:42,963 --> 00:07:45,757 the absolute end of liquor in the United States. 115 00:07:57,395 --> 00:07:59,937 By that time, the soldiers had come back 116 00:07:59,938 --> 00:08:02,940 to joyful welcomes, even though most of us 117 00:08:02,941 --> 00:08:04,567 were trying to forget the war. 118 00:08:05,610 --> 00:08:09,238 War heroes like sergeant Alvin York got a big hand 119 00:08:09,239 --> 00:08:11,865 from the crowds, and the top brass, 120 00:08:11,866 --> 00:08:15,619 general black Jack pershing and admiral William sims 121 00:08:15,620 --> 00:08:17,497 were showered with honorary degrees. 122 00:08:19,374 --> 00:08:21,959 The veterans had organized the American legion, 123 00:08:21,960 --> 00:08:26,130 which held its 1921 convention in Kansas City. 124 00:08:26,131 --> 00:08:29,551 As usual, the legionnaires took the town by storm. 125 00:08:32,679 --> 00:08:35,806 With them was a good display of generals and admirals, 126 00:08:35,807 --> 00:08:37,516 foreign and domestic. 127 00:08:37,517 --> 00:08:41,479 Men whose names everyone knew, like Jacques of Belgium, 128 00:08:43,273 --> 00:08:45,942 beatty of england, and of course, pershing. 129 00:08:49,112 --> 00:08:51,030 Even while the victory celebrations 130 00:08:51,031 --> 00:08:55,034 were going on, here and there, the old belligerent spirit 131 00:08:55,035 --> 00:08:57,953 began to seek less worthy outlets. 132 00:08:57,954 --> 00:08:59,079 In a few cities, 133 00:08:59,080 --> 00:09:01,623 There were riots, race riots, 134 00:09:01,624 --> 00:09:04,501 with mobs trying to get their hands on prisoners. 135 00:09:11,509 --> 00:09:14,178 Nearly always, the police and national guardsmen 136 00:09:14,179 --> 00:09:16,723 managed to keep the crowds under control. 137 00:09:21,770 --> 00:09:24,855 Others were not so easily controlled. 138 00:09:24,856 --> 00:09:26,774 A secret organization, 139 00:09:26,775 --> 00:09:30,778 The ku klux klan spread its poisonous influence 140 00:09:30,779 --> 00:09:32,822 throughout a large part of the country. 141 00:09:35,492 --> 00:09:37,868 And a man called Mr. Zero, 142 00:09:37,869 --> 00:09:41,163 in order to dramatize the helplessness of the jobless, 143 00:09:41,164 --> 00:09:43,791 held auction sales of human labor, 144 00:09:43,792 --> 00:09:46,961 before crowds of fascinated bostonians. 145 00:09:51,382 --> 00:09:55,052 The struggle between capital and labor Rose to its peak 146 00:09:55,053 --> 00:09:59,306 in a series of prolonged and savage strikes. 147 00:09:59,307 --> 00:10:00,766 Prices were high. 148 00:10:00,767 --> 00:10:02,851 Men demanded increased wages, 149 00:10:02,852 --> 00:10:05,063 which many employers refused to give them. 150 00:10:06,564 --> 00:10:10,025 There were many war horses of labor agitation, 151 00:10:10,026 --> 00:10:13,112 national figures, like old mother Jones, 152 00:10:13,113 --> 00:10:15,156 who believed in a fight to the finish. 153 00:10:16,366 --> 00:10:18,408 But there were also a lot of hard-headed 154 00:10:18,409 --> 00:10:22,287 practical negotiators among the leaders of organized labor, 155 00:10:22,288 --> 00:10:24,957 men like William green and Phil Murray 156 00:10:24,958 --> 00:10:29,170 of the united mine workers and his chief, John I. Lewis. 157 00:10:32,340 --> 00:10:36,802 The wave of post-war strikes came to a crisis in Boston, 158 00:10:36,803 --> 00:10:39,263 when most of the police walked out, 159 00:10:39,264 --> 00:10:41,099 leaving the city unguarded. 160 00:10:47,856 --> 00:10:50,524 A volunteer police force was formed, 161 00:10:50,525 --> 00:10:54,528 and the militia was called out to patrol the streets. 162 00:10:54,529 --> 00:10:58,783 Once peaceful Boston seemed like a city under arms. 163 00:11:16,217 --> 00:11:18,802 Then onto the scene stepped Calvin coolidge, 164 00:11:18,803 --> 00:11:20,430 governor of Massachusetts. 165 00:11:23,558 --> 00:11:25,934 He said, "there is no right to strike 166 00:11:25,935 --> 00:11:31,149 "against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, any time." 167 00:11:32,108 --> 00:11:34,944 That statement made coolidge famous overnight. 168 00:11:36,112 --> 00:11:39,865 Not long after this, the wave of strikes died out. 169 00:11:39,866 --> 00:11:44,453 Public weariness aided by a break in prices ended it, 170 00:11:44,454 --> 00:11:48,123 and after a conference, labor boss Samuel gompers 171 00:11:48,124 --> 00:11:50,959 and industrialist Charles schwab 172 00:11:50,960 --> 00:11:53,379 managed a feeble smile together. 173 00:11:55,131 --> 00:11:56,632 There was a good deal of violence 174 00:11:56,633 --> 00:11:59,052 during the years directly after the war. 175 00:11:59,969 --> 00:12:02,179 The worst damaged was caused when a bomb went off 176 00:12:02,180 --> 00:12:05,850 in wall street just outside of jp. Morgan's office. 177 00:12:09,437 --> 00:12:12,105 Experts examined the bomb fragments, 178 00:12:12,106 --> 00:12:15,359 but no one ever found out who set off the bomb, 179 00:12:15,360 --> 00:12:16,610 though the public believed 180 00:12:16,611 --> 00:12:19,112 that revolutionists were to blame. 181 00:12:19,113 --> 00:12:22,115 It was noted that the statue of George Washington, 182 00:12:22,116 --> 00:12:25,828 just across the street, escaped the blast unscathed, 183 00:12:26,871 --> 00:12:28,997 so did jp. Morgan who was vacationing 184 00:12:28,998 --> 00:12:30,500 in Scotland at the time. 185 00:12:32,710 --> 00:12:34,962 Even before the wall street explosion, 186 00:12:34,963 --> 00:12:38,966 there had been nationwide raids on communist headquarters, 187 00:12:38,967 --> 00:12:40,759 a result of the general belief 188 00:12:40,760 --> 00:12:43,805 that bolsheviks were plotting to overthrow the government. 189 00:12:44,722 --> 00:12:47,557 There was not much difference in the public mind 190 00:12:47,558 --> 00:12:50,060 between socialists and communists, 191 00:12:50,061 --> 00:12:51,895 and the public seemed glad to have 192 00:12:51,896 --> 00:12:54,856 any type of radical brought to trial. 193 00:12:54,857 --> 00:12:58,151 In many cases, the juries found the prisoners guilty, 194 00:12:58,152 --> 00:13:01,614 and then if they were aliens, they were ordered deported. 195 00:13:05,076 --> 00:13:08,578 It was during this red scare than two men of Italian birth 196 00:13:08,579 --> 00:13:12,457 were arrested and convicted for the murder of a paymaster 197 00:13:12,458 --> 00:13:15,210 in south braintree, Massachusetts. 198 00:13:15,211 --> 00:13:17,754 At first, the question of their guilt or innocence 199 00:13:17,755 --> 00:13:19,881 attracted little attention, 200 00:13:19,882 --> 00:13:22,718 but before they were executed years later, 201 00:13:22,719 --> 00:13:24,720 the case of sacco and vanzetti 202 00:13:24,721 --> 00:13:28,141 was to arouse fierce controversy throughout the world. 203 00:13:30,518 --> 00:13:33,270 In due course, hysteria died down, 204 00:13:33,271 --> 00:13:35,355 but not until hundreds of alien radicals 205 00:13:35,356 --> 00:13:37,775 had been started on their way home. 206 00:13:38,735 --> 00:13:41,612 The hysteria ended, but the melody lingered on. 207 00:13:46,409 --> 00:13:50,120 J“ if you don't like the stars in old glory j“ 208 00:13:50,121 --> 00:13:53,832 j“ if you don't like the red, white, and blue j“ 209 00:13:53,833 --> 00:13:57,210 j“ then don't act like the cur in the story j“ 210 00:13:57,211 --> 00:14:02,425 j“ don't bite the hand that's feeding you j“ 211 00:14:02,884 --> 00:14:04,676 Well that tune came straight out of vaudeville, 212 00:14:04,677 --> 00:14:07,554 and vaudeville was in its golden era, 213 00:14:07,555 --> 00:14:10,808 still a main attraction, even where films were played. 214 00:14:11,809 --> 00:14:14,019 A lot of the small-time, four-a-day acts 215 00:14:14,020 --> 00:14:15,438 were routine but good. 216 00:14:38,169 --> 00:14:42,255 On a big-time, you saw the great stars like Harry Houdini, 217 00:14:42,256 --> 00:14:43,841 never equaled in his line. 218 00:14:47,970 --> 00:14:50,138 The vaudeville circuit was the best training 219 00:14:50,139 --> 00:14:53,141 a lot of famous actors and actresses ever had. 220 00:14:53,142 --> 00:14:55,937 When they reached the top in vaudeville, they were in. 221 00:15:01,484 --> 00:15:03,402 One act, Gallagher and shean, 222 00:15:03,403 --> 00:15:06,823 was so popular that crowds mobbed them after every show. 223 00:15:18,709 --> 00:15:20,001 There was also the question of 224 00:15:20,002 --> 00:15:22,921 how to spend your spare time outdoors. 225 00:15:22,922 --> 00:15:25,507 The seashore was not a bad place to go, 226 00:15:25,508 --> 00:15:28,802 if you didn't mind getting slapped in the face by the ocean. 227 00:15:28,803 --> 00:15:31,805 Even if you did, there were compensations. 228 00:15:31,806 --> 00:15:34,851 Thoughtful beaches provided jazz music by bathing beauties. 229 00:15:37,186 --> 00:15:38,520 And there was always Atlantic city 230 00:15:38,521 --> 00:15:41,190 where the policeman lead the bathing beauty parade. 231 00:15:43,860 --> 00:15:46,820 After the cops, the girls looked good. 232 00:15:46,821 --> 00:15:49,949 We were just getting used to the new one-piece suits. 233 00:16:02,628 --> 00:16:05,172 This was the heyday of the dance hall, 234 00:16:05,173 --> 00:16:06,798 and when some smart operator 235 00:16:06,799 --> 00:16:09,676 linked jazz and marathon dancing, 236 00:16:09,677 --> 00:16:11,970 he had something good for the box office, 237 00:16:11,971 --> 00:16:14,432 although it was a bit rough on the contestants. 238 00:16:21,272 --> 00:16:22,439 All this didn't prevent the girls 239 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:25,108 from going in for classical dancing, 240 00:16:25,109 --> 00:16:27,862 in which they struck highly interesting poses. 241 00:16:29,906 --> 00:16:32,241 Ruth St. denis was the leader in that field. 242 00:16:41,375 --> 00:16:43,794 In ballet, fokine was considered the master. 243 00:16:49,091 --> 00:16:51,927 Anna pavlova and feordor chaliapin, 244 00:16:51,928 --> 00:16:54,179 who had taken a powder out of Russia about the time 245 00:16:54,180 --> 00:16:58,350 the bolsheviki took over, only fed birds for fun. 246 00:16:58,351 --> 00:17:01,312 For a living, Anna dance and feordor sang. 247 00:17:05,525 --> 00:17:07,400 The long-haired musicians, 248 00:17:07,401 --> 00:17:10,529 even when they had crew haircuts, like rachmaninoffs, 249 00:17:10,530 --> 00:17:11,822 were sure to be popular. 250 00:17:13,407 --> 00:17:16,535 Paderewski not only looked like a pianist oughta look, 251 00:17:16,536 --> 00:17:20,331 but he was one of the few to be successful in politics too. 252 00:17:21,874 --> 00:17:24,376 All the best in music came to america, 253 00:17:24,377 --> 00:17:28,339 scotti, gatti-casazza, and enrico caruso, the tenor. 254 00:17:32,093 --> 00:17:35,720 Things weren't so harmonious on the political scene. 255 00:17:35,721 --> 00:17:38,098 President Wilson had brought back to Washington 256 00:17:38,099 --> 00:17:41,476 a peace treaty with a plan for a league of nations, 257 00:17:41,477 --> 00:17:44,521 both of which met opposition at home. 258 00:17:44,522 --> 00:17:47,482 Wilson campaigned stubbornly for his ideas, 259 00:17:47,483 --> 00:17:51,111 but he became ill, and the opposition, which was centered 260 00:17:51,112 --> 00:17:54,239 in the powerful senate foreign relations committee, 261 00:17:54,240 --> 00:17:55,491 managed to defeat it. 262 00:17:57,618 --> 00:17:59,536 The leader of the opposition was 263 00:17:59,537 --> 00:18:01,747 senator Henry cabot lodge, sr. 264 00:18:04,166 --> 00:18:07,002 Another great political event had taken place. 265 00:18:07,003 --> 00:18:10,088 Women had won the right to vote, and they became 266 00:18:10,089 --> 00:18:11,965 a political force before which 267 00:18:11,966 --> 00:18:14,302 this doubtest politician quelled. 268 00:18:15,636 --> 00:18:18,013 They had tried to invade the barber shop, 269 00:18:18,014 --> 00:18:20,516 but the customers thought they played too rough. 270 00:18:24,895 --> 00:18:28,648 In the presidential campaign of 1920, women had their 271 00:18:28,649 --> 00:18:32,527 first chance to vote for a president of the United States. 272 00:18:32,528 --> 00:18:35,280 The republican candidate, Warren g. Harding, 273 00:18:35,281 --> 00:18:37,449 was a very handsome man, 274 00:18:37,450 --> 00:18:40,703 and he was careful to say nothing that might offend anyone. 275 00:18:43,873 --> 00:18:48,084 Entertainers like ai jolson helped liven the campaign, 276 00:18:48,085 --> 00:18:50,963 and Harding always posed like a regular fellow. 277 00:18:53,841 --> 00:18:57,344 He had the August backing of Charles Evans Hughes 278 00:18:57,345 --> 00:19:00,221 and the beauteous stage star of former times, 279 00:19:00,222 --> 00:19:03,266 Lillian Russell plump for Harding in an appeal 280 00:19:03,267 --> 00:19:05,394 to the newly enfranchised women voters. 281 00:19:06,687 --> 00:19:10,231 His vice presidential running mate was Calvin coolidge, 282 00:19:10,232 --> 00:19:13,109 made famous by the Boston police strike, 283 00:19:13,110 --> 00:19:16,863 and it looked to them as though the election was in the bag. 284 00:19:16,864 --> 00:19:18,490 They were right. 285 00:19:18,491 --> 00:19:20,492 The Democratic party's candidate, 286 00:19:20,493 --> 00:19:24,663 governor James m. Cox of Ohio, and his running mate, 287 00:19:24,664 --> 00:19:27,875 one of the New York roosevelts, never had a chance. 288 00:19:29,919 --> 00:19:33,422 The Republicans moved in on Washington with great hopes. 289 00:19:34,882 --> 00:19:37,425 Harding stood for a return to normalcy, 290 00:19:37,426 --> 00:19:40,553 a great contrast to Wilson's idealism, 291 00:19:40,554 --> 00:19:43,598 as they drove off the the ceremony on capitol hill. 292 00:19:52,775 --> 00:19:54,984 The voters now had an administration 293 00:19:54,985 --> 00:19:57,363 that was willing to take things as they came. 294 00:19:59,198 --> 00:20:02,450 Andrew mellon became the secretary of the treasury, 295 00:20:02,451 --> 00:20:04,786 and under his regime, the government debt 296 00:20:04,787 --> 00:20:08,039 was rapidly reduced, taxes were cut, 297 00:20:08,040 --> 00:20:11,669 and the foundation for a new period of prosperity was laid. 298 00:20:13,337 --> 00:20:16,923 In that atmosphere, a great and nationwide upswing 299 00:20:16,924 --> 00:20:20,553 in productive work and in industrial techniques began. 300 00:20:31,313 --> 00:20:34,607 Everyone liked Harding, who was a friendly man, 301 00:20:34,608 --> 00:20:37,235 and when gompers called to ask for the release of 302 00:20:37,236 --> 00:20:40,905 Eugene debs, an imprisoned socialist leader, 303 00:20:40,906 --> 00:20:44,659 Harding agreed to the pardon, and debs, who had been jailed 304 00:20:44,660 --> 00:20:48,496 for obstructing the conduct of the war, was free. 305 00:20:48,497 --> 00:20:50,832 After all, the war was over, 306 00:20:50,833 --> 00:20:53,419 and the problem was to get back to normal living. 307 00:20:54,670 --> 00:20:57,297 National defense cost a lot of money, 308 00:20:57,298 --> 00:20:59,507 and armaments were thought by some people 309 00:20:59,508 --> 00:21:03,344 to be one of the causes of war, so Harding called for 310 00:21:03,345 --> 00:21:06,598 a conference for the limitation of naval armaments. 311 00:21:06,599 --> 00:21:10,226 In that era of good feeling, there seemed little likelihood 312 00:21:10,227 --> 00:21:12,479 that there would ever be another war, 313 00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:15,900 and the diplomats converged on Washington in high spirits. 314 00:21:18,360 --> 00:21:22,572 Secretary of state Hughes presided over the conference, 315 00:21:22,573 --> 00:21:25,992 at which the wartime allies agreed to reduce the number 316 00:21:25,993 --> 00:21:28,995 and limit the size of their warships. 317 00:21:28,996 --> 00:21:32,290 And at the time, when no threat of war existed, 318 00:21:32,291 --> 00:21:35,794 the agreements made appeared to be sensible and logical, 319 00:21:35,795 --> 00:21:39,005 even if they put the Japanese in effective control 320 00:21:39,006 --> 00:21:40,965 of the western pacific. 321 00:21:40,966 --> 00:21:43,427 Seemed like a good idea, at the time. 322 00:21:44,970 --> 00:21:46,596 But battleship's decks could still be 323 00:21:46,597 --> 00:21:47,889 cleared for action, 324 00:21:47,890 --> 00:21:51,227 Preferably for one of the new dances, like the black bottom. 325 00:21:56,857 --> 00:21:59,400 These were pretty fancy goings on, 326 00:21:59,401 --> 00:22:03,446 but after all, people were letting their hair down. 327 00:22:03,447 --> 00:22:07,575 The women were fascinated by Peggy Hopkins Joyce, 328 00:22:07,576 --> 00:22:10,787 who had a habit of getting married and divorced 329 00:22:10,788 --> 00:22:12,957 and married, again and again. 330 00:22:13,999 --> 00:22:15,500 When the immigration authorities 331 00:22:15,501 --> 00:22:19,128 kept a visiting English actress, the countess of cathcart, 332 00:22:19,129 --> 00:22:22,173 on Ellis island, for alleged moral turpitude, 333 00:22:22,174 --> 00:22:23,092 it sounded as though 334 00:22:23,093 --> 00:22:25,552 the countess was up to something special, 335 00:22:25,553 --> 00:22:27,930 although the charges were later dismissed. 336 00:22:29,390 --> 00:22:31,933 The jazz age began to get interesting. 337 00:22:31,934 --> 00:22:34,143 The girls stopped wearing corsets 338 00:22:34,144 --> 00:22:36,105 and began to dance in a friendly way. 339 00:22:41,068 --> 00:22:42,443 The younger generation discovered 340 00:22:42,444 --> 00:22:45,822 that sex and autos went well together, 341 00:22:45,823 --> 00:22:48,659 and the pulp magazines confirmed the discovery. 342 00:23:01,797 --> 00:23:03,923 Hollywood knew all about that angle. 343 00:23:03,924 --> 00:23:06,676 Why someone cooked up a audience reaction meter 344 00:23:06,677 --> 00:23:10,096 to test the voltage given off by Rudolph Valentino 345 00:23:10,097 --> 00:23:11,765 clinching with vilma banky. 346 00:23:24,653 --> 00:23:27,156 The love meter almost blew a fuse. 347 00:23:29,116 --> 00:23:32,410 Things got so hot in the movies that the reputable producers 348 00:23:32,411 --> 00:23:35,413 signed up will hays, at 100 grand a year, 349 00:23:35,414 --> 00:23:37,248 to clean up the picture business, 350 00:23:37,249 --> 00:23:40,793 and yet keep the busybodies off the industry's neck. 351 00:23:40,794 --> 00:23:44,422 Anxious reformers thought the movies were overselling girls. 352 00:23:44,423 --> 00:23:45,882 Well maybe they were. 353 00:23:45,883 --> 00:23:47,301 They had some beauties. 354 00:23:48,385 --> 00:23:52,221 Gloria Swanson was one lovely no one could ever forget, 355 00:23:52,222 --> 00:23:54,724 and when she turned up on an incoming liner 356 00:23:54,725 --> 00:23:58,102 with a new husband, this time a French Marquis, 357 00:23:58,103 --> 00:24:00,648 no one bothered about the rest of the passengers. 358 00:24:01,815 --> 00:24:04,359 John Barrymore and delores costello were members 359 00:24:04,360 --> 00:24:06,819 of the royalty of stage and screen, 360 00:24:06,820 --> 00:24:09,615 and even more than that, great box office. 361 00:24:11,075 --> 00:24:13,451 But the star who really laid them in the isles 362 00:24:13,452 --> 00:24:16,121 was Rudolph Valentino, the great lover. 363 00:24:21,377 --> 00:24:23,920 There are fans who will never forget him, 364 00:24:23,921 --> 00:24:26,215 and Broadway will never forget his funeral. 365 00:24:29,009 --> 00:24:31,135 They had to call out all the cops, 366 00:24:31,136 --> 00:24:33,305 and even then it was almost a riot. 367 00:24:42,147 --> 00:24:45,316 Pola negri was there, and the honorary pall bearers 368 00:24:45,317 --> 00:24:48,403 included all the brass from Hollywood. 369 00:24:48,404 --> 00:24:50,071 Dead or alive, 370 00:24:50,072 --> 00:24:54,951 Valentino had made history in the growth of American movies. 371 00:25:02,626 --> 00:25:03,626 As a matter of fact, 372 00:25:03,627 --> 00:25:06,462 everything that happened to a star was important. 373 00:25:06,463 --> 00:25:09,549 The fans went gaga when the romance of rod la rocque 374 00:25:09,550 --> 00:25:13,178 and vilma banky ended just like in the pictures. 375 00:25:15,014 --> 00:25:18,599 As a comedian, Charlie chaplin was already the old master. 376 00:25:52,801 --> 00:25:55,428 Douglas Fairbanks was the kid's hero. 377 00:26:12,029 --> 00:26:13,738 But as a screen couple, 378 00:26:13,739 --> 00:26:17,076 none could surpass garbo and Gilbert. 379 00:26:38,972 --> 00:26:40,973 It wasn't all sex. 380 00:26:40,974 --> 00:26:43,935 There was will Rogers, who had a homespun quality 381 00:26:43,936 --> 00:26:46,979 that no one had ever been able to match. 382 00:26:46,980 --> 00:26:50,484 Will came up the hard way, through the vaudeville circuits. 383 00:26:52,319 --> 00:26:55,239 - Well, all I know is what I read in the paper. 384 00:26:57,282 --> 00:26:59,492 But it was ai jolson who had first 385 00:26:59,493 --> 00:27:02,954 cracked things wide open for the new sound movies 386 00:27:02,955 --> 00:27:05,207 when he starred in "the jazz singer." 387 00:27:07,209 --> 00:27:10,086 J“ mammy, I'm coming j“ 388 00:27:10,087 --> 00:27:13,840 j“ oh, god, I hope I'm not late j“ 389 00:27:13,841 --> 00:27:17,885 j“ mammy, don't you know me j“ 390 00:27:17,886 --> 00:27:19,637 j“ it's your little baby j“ 391 00:27:19,638 --> 00:27:22,306 j“ I'd walk a million miles j“ 392 00:27:22,307 --> 00:27:24,016 j“ for one of your smiles j“ 393 00:27:24,017 --> 00:27:27,062 j“ for my ma, mammy j“ 394 00:27:32,901 --> 00:27:36,195 Thing that really wrung the heart was prohibition, 395 00:27:36,196 --> 00:27:38,990 13 long years of it. 396 00:27:38,991 --> 00:27:41,909 That beer they used to make tasted like no beer on earth, 397 00:27:41,910 --> 00:27:44,912 in the first place, and then, when they spiked it 398 00:27:44,913 --> 00:27:48,458 with alcohol and ether, you needed some support. 399 00:27:49,543 --> 00:27:52,044 Flasks were worn in the best circles, 400 00:27:52,045 --> 00:27:53,838 and you just didn't criticize 401 00:27:53,839 --> 00:27:55,965 what a man's bootlegger had sold him, 402 00:27:55,966 --> 00:27:58,468 even if it almost killed you to drink the stuff. 403 00:28:08,520 --> 00:28:10,938 The most disturbing thing about prohibition 404 00:28:10,939 --> 00:28:14,151 was the contribution it made to general lawlessness. 405 00:28:15,110 --> 00:28:17,695 There were, of course, a lot of notorious criminals 406 00:28:17,696 --> 00:28:21,199 in the early '20s, like Gerald Chapman, 407 00:28:21,200 --> 00:28:24,203 who had no connection with the traffic in illegal liquor. 408 00:28:25,120 --> 00:28:27,955 Chapman had murdered a policeman in Connecticut, 409 00:28:27,956 --> 00:28:29,582 and when he was brought to trial, 410 00:28:29,583 --> 00:28:32,668 no one thought of him as a big man. 411 00:28:32,669 --> 00:28:35,963 He was just another bandit with a twisted mind, 412 00:28:35,964 --> 00:28:37,549 and he was condemned to death. 413 00:28:39,843 --> 00:28:44,096 But in many American cities, especially Chicago, 414 00:28:44,097 --> 00:28:47,642 gangs of hoodlums in the pay of wealthy bootleggers 415 00:28:47,643 --> 00:28:49,685 might be arrested, 416 00:28:49,686 --> 00:28:52,272 but it was as sure they would be as quickly freed. 417 00:28:53,440 --> 00:28:57,193 Chicago's mayor at this time was big bill Thompson, 418 00:28:57,194 --> 00:29:00,363 a greedy politician who was less interested in 419 00:29:00,364 --> 00:29:03,658 curbing the gangsters than in holding office. 420 00:29:03,659 --> 00:29:07,745 He got himself reelected in one campaign on the slogan, 421 00:29:07,746 --> 00:29:10,623 "bust king George in the snoot." 422 00:29:10,624 --> 00:29:13,209 His slogan, which after all, didn't have much to do 423 00:29:13,210 --> 00:29:15,754 with conditions in the city of Chicago. 424 00:29:17,256 --> 00:29:21,842 While big bill was mayor, a gangster named al Capone 425 00:29:21,843 --> 00:29:25,555 ruled as undisputed boss of the Chicago underworld. 426 00:29:26,515 --> 00:29:29,058 When he was jailed years later, 427 00:29:29,059 --> 00:29:31,603 it was for income tax evasion. 428 00:29:32,729 --> 00:29:36,482 But crime was abhorrent to most American citizens, 429 00:29:36,483 --> 00:29:39,569 millions of whom were whole-hearted church goers. 430 00:29:40,696 --> 00:29:43,656 There were great numbers of people whose religious instincts 431 00:29:43,657 --> 00:29:47,868 were stirred by the emotional exhalation of Billy Sunday, 432 00:29:47,869 --> 00:29:51,789 a ball player who had become a famous evangelist. 433 00:29:51,790 --> 00:29:53,749 When Billy pitched the gospel, 434 00:29:53,750 --> 00:29:56,419 a congregation never forgot it. 435 00:29:56,420 --> 00:29:59,964 Brightening the twilight zone between faith and science 436 00:29:59,965 --> 00:30:04,260 was Emile coue, a French pharmacist who taught 437 00:30:04,261 --> 00:30:06,721 that one grew in strength by chanting, 438 00:30:06,722 --> 00:30:09,975 "every day in every way, I'm getting better and better." 439 00:30:11,101 --> 00:30:14,603 And when the Austrian surgeon, Dr. Adolph Lawrence, 440 00:30:14,604 --> 00:30:18,149 demonstrated his bloodless surgery technique in america, 441 00:30:18,150 --> 00:30:20,610 his work met with wide approval. 442 00:30:26,825 --> 00:30:29,577 Science was leaping fonnard. 443 00:30:29,578 --> 00:30:34,373 Madame curie, already famed co-discoverer of radium, 444 00:30:34,374 --> 00:30:38,044 arrived to accept a gift of a gram of the magical metal 445 00:30:38,045 --> 00:30:40,296 about which so little was then known 446 00:30:40,297 --> 00:30:43,425 and whose full possibilities were not imagined. 447 00:30:44,509 --> 00:30:48,179 And Thomas Edison, now old and deaf, 448 00:30:48,180 --> 00:30:51,640 basked in the respect of everyone for his invention 449 00:30:51,641 --> 00:30:56,021 of the incandescent electric light, a scientific milestone. 450 00:30:57,606 --> 00:31:01,359 Yet suddenly religion and science collided. 451 00:31:01,360 --> 00:31:05,529 John scopes, a young teacher of Tennessee, had taught, 452 00:31:05,530 --> 00:31:09,493 contrary to state law, Darwin's theory of evolution. 453 00:31:10,702 --> 00:31:12,453 The Tennessee county people believed 454 00:31:12,454 --> 00:31:15,289 this was contrary to biblical doctrine, 455 00:31:15,290 --> 00:31:18,626 and scopes' trial got worldwide publicity, 456 00:31:18,627 --> 00:31:20,878 with the Tennessee fundamentalist lined up 457 00:31:20,879 --> 00:31:23,632 against the liberals and intellectuals of america. 458 00:31:24,549 --> 00:31:27,927 William Jennings Bryan, old and full of oratory, 459 00:31:27,928 --> 00:31:31,138 defended the beliefs of fundamentalists. 460 00:31:31,139 --> 00:31:34,683 He was aided by the prosecuting zeal of old judge 461 00:31:34,684 --> 00:31:39,188 Ben McKenzie, a local politician, influential in the area, 462 00:31:39,189 --> 00:31:41,608 who helped to make the trial an inquisition. 463 00:31:43,318 --> 00:31:47,405 The courtroom was packed as the case reached a climax. 464 00:31:47,406 --> 00:31:50,491 Arthur Garfield Hayes, defending scopes, 465 00:31:50,492 --> 00:31:53,577 explained Darwin's theory of evolution, 466 00:31:53,578 --> 00:31:56,497 and Dudley field Malone, another liberal, 467 00:31:56,498 --> 00:31:58,499 added his plea for tolerance, 468 00:31:58,500 --> 00:32:00,335 to the cause of freedom of thought. 469 00:32:01,378 --> 00:32:04,296 Then the defense threw in another artful veteran, 470 00:32:04,297 --> 00:32:06,966 Clarence darrow, for what turned out to be 471 00:32:06,967 --> 00:32:09,469 the cross examination of Bryan. 472 00:32:10,595 --> 00:32:13,013 Darrow, in the shirt sleeves analysis, 473 00:32:13,014 --> 00:32:16,392 reduced the elder statesman's antiquated ideas 474 00:32:16,393 --> 00:32:18,061 to intellectual rubble, 475 00:32:19,980 --> 00:32:23,315 but still, the court found scopes guilty, 476 00:32:23,316 --> 00:32:25,944 and so ended a preposterous case. 477 00:32:28,113 --> 00:32:29,405 On the political scene, 478 00:32:29,406 --> 00:32:31,657 there had been some changes. 479 00:32:31,658 --> 00:32:34,910 Harding's death came as a great shock to the nation. 480 00:32:34,911 --> 00:32:38,414 It was entirely unexpected, and the American people 481 00:32:38,415 --> 00:32:41,500 sincerely and affectionately mourned the passing 482 00:32:41,501 --> 00:32:44,128 of this kind and friendly man. 483 00:32:44,129 --> 00:32:47,257 Now Calvin coolidge became the nation's chief executive. 484 00:32:51,094 --> 00:32:54,597 He was an old-fashioned yankee, acid and thrifty, 485 00:32:54,598 --> 00:32:56,724 hardly the type you would expect to find 486 00:32:56,725 --> 00:32:58,059 in professional politics. 487 00:33:05,942 --> 00:33:07,776 Soon after he became president, 488 00:33:07,777 --> 00:33:09,904 certain well hidden irregularities 489 00:33:09,905 --> 00:33:13,741 of the Harding administration began to be revealed. 490 00:33:13,742 --> 00:33:16,327 The chief scandal concerned the secret lease 491 00:33:16,328 --> 00:33:18,997 of government-owned naval oil fields. 492 00:33:20,499 --> 00:33:23,375 Secretary of the interior Albert fall 493 00:33:23,376 --> 00:33:25,628 had been induced to lease an oil field 494 00:33:25,629 --> 00:33:29,673 to the mammoth oil company, headed by Harry f. Sinclair, 495 00:33:29,674 --> 00:33:31,927 already a millionaire oil magnate. 496 00:33:33,803 --> 00:33:36,472 Bit by bit, other truths came out, 497 00:33:36,473 --> 00:33:40,100 some from fall's friend, playboy ed mcclain, 498 00:33:40,101 --> 00:33:43,271 in testimony before a congressional investigating committee. 499 00:33:44,314 --> 00:33:47,691 Enormous bribes were revealed, but in the end, 500 00:33:47,692 --> 00:33:49,777 the act of Harry s. Fall got off 501 00:33:49,778 --> 00:33:51,738 with a fine and a year in jail. 502 00:33:53,865 --> 00:33:57,451 The scandals of the Harding regime never touched coolidge. 503 00:33:57,452 --> 00:34:00,496 He was incorruptible, and in 1924, 504 00:34:00,497 --> 00:34:03,291 he was elected president, in his own right. 505 00:34:07,254 --> 00:34:09,421 The vice presidency went to the imminent 506 00:34:09,422 --> 00:34:12,550 Charles gates dawes, Chicago banker, 507 00:34:12,551 --> 00:34:15,219 who had helped to set up the United States government's 508 00:34:15,220 --> 00:34:16,555 present budget system. 509 00:34:18,515 --> 00:34:21,684 Now the Republicans had really come to town, 510 00:34:21,685 --> 00:34:24,853 and at the inaugural ball, they celebrated in style. 511 00:34:35,865 --> 00:34:38,993 They had an honest, careful man in the white house, 512 00:34:38,994 --> 00:34:43,038 dawes to be a popular figure, and Hughes to lend his dignity 513 00:34:43,039 --> 00:34:46,084 to the administration, and business was booming. 514 00:34:50,130 --> 00:34:52,298 Especially it boomed in Florida, 515 00:34:52,299 --> 00:34:54,843 a fine place to go for a winter vacation. 516 00:34:56,386 --> 00:34:58,679 Elaborate hotels were being built, 517 00:34:58,680 --> 00:35:01,182 and the city of Miami throve mightily. 518 00:35:03,143 --> 00:35:05,603 Soon pople all over the country 519 00:35:05,604 --> 00:35:07,896 were buying Florida house lots 520 00:35:07,897 --> 00:35:10,650 and immediately selling them at huge profits. 521 00:35:12,360 --> 00:35:15,571 A rush to get to the new El dorado began, 522 00:35:15,572 --> 00:35:18,949 and the pioneers couldn't wait for houses to be built. 523 00:35:18,950 --> 00:35:21,285 They had to be in on the ground floor, 524 00:35:21,286 --> 00:35:24,163 and they didn't mind such minor inconveniences 525 00:35:24,164 --> 00:35:26,207 as the lack of a roof over one's head. 526 00:35:28,293 --> 00:35:30,377 It didn't matter where you lived. 527 00:35:30,378 --> 00:35:33,464 When you were within reach of those dazzling profits, 528 00:35:33,465 --> 00:35:37,177 you and your family might become millionaires overnight. 529 00:35:42,474 --> 00:35:46,393 Pyramiding publicity with the stress on girls, girls, 530 00:35:46,394 --> 00:35:49,689 and more girls helped to keep the boom alive. 531 00:35:53,777 --> 00:35:58,572 Then the smashup came, and then a hurricane hit Florida, 532 00:35:58,573 --> 00:36:01,993 wrecking the waning dreams of the last speculators. 533 00:36:12,712 --> 00:36:14,922 But Florida wasn't done for. 534 00:36:14,923 --> 00:36:17,216 Miami wasn't done for. 535 00:36:17,217 --> 00:36:19,301 Slowly they recovered to build again, 536 00:36:19,302 --> 00:36:22,012 on a more rational basis, 537 00:36:22,013 --> 00:36:25,683 but the great Florida land boom was over. 538 00:36:25,684 --> 00:36:27,560 It had been quite a binge. 539 00:36:32,482 --> 00:36:35,359 If Florida had been struck a temporary blow, 540 00:36:35,360 --> 00:36:38,404 most of the rest of the country hummed with prosperity 541 00:36:38,405 --> 00:36:40,739 and was having itself a good time. 542 00:36:40,740 --> 00:36:43,742 Welcoming distinguished visitors, for instance. 543 00:36:43,743 --> 00:36:45,869 Among these was the prince of wales, 544 00:36:45,870 --> 00:36:49,373 an attractive young man, heir to the British crown 545 00:36:49,374 --> 00:36:51,292 and a veteran with a good war record. 546 00:36:54,713 --> 00:36:57,673 He liked to enjoy the pleasures of the rich 547 00:36:57,674 --> 00:36:59,591 and was much in demand among them, 548 00:36:59,592 --> 00:37:02,886 being the world's most eligible bachelor. 549 00:37:02,887 --> 00:37:04,972 When he came to the United States, 550 00:37:04,973 --> 00:37:07,015 New York had hardly learned how to stage 551 00:37:07,016 --> 00:37:09,935 a really razzle dazzle welcome. 552 00:37:09,936 --> 00:37:12,438 That we had mastered a few years later, 553 00:37:12,439 --> 00:37:15,899 when the great ship leviathan steamed into New York harbor 554 00:37:15,900 --> 00:37:18,737 with queen Mary of Romania aboard. 555 00:37:19,696 --> 00:37:23,741 She was a decorative lady, undeniably a queen, 556 00:37:23,742 --> 00:37:25,576 and her welcome set a standard 557 00:37:25,577 --> 00:37:27,996 for all future distinguished visitors. 558 00:37:32,168 --> 00:37:34,585 First came the parade up Broadway, 559 00:37:34,586 --> 00:37:38,339 at the noon hour, when you could always raise a crowd. 560 00:37:45,013 --> 00:37:48,599 Then came the official greeting by mayor Jimmy Walker, 561 00:37:48,600 --> 00:37:50,268 on the steps of city hall. 562 00:37:55,440 --> 00:37:57,691 There were other attractions, too. 563 00:37:57,692 --> 00:38:01,236 Those were really the golden days for sports fans. 564 00:38:01,237 --> 00:38:03,363 The giants trained at sarasota, 565 00:38:03,364 --> 00:38:05,200 and the giants were always good. 566 00:38:07,911 --> 00:38:10,287 Frankie frisch was among the idols, 567 00:38:10,288 --> 00:38:13,832 and you could always count on their manager, John j. McGraw, 568 00:38:13,833 --> 00:38:15,794 being on hand to run things. 569 00:38:28,723 --> 00:38:31,058 The Dodgers trained at clearwater, Florida, 570 00:38:31,059 --> 00:38:34,061 coached by Ben egan, with Zack wheat as captain 571 00:38:34,062 --> 00:38:35,772 and wilbert Robinson as manager. 572 00:38:36,689 --> 00:38:39,066 Tarpon Springs was one training ground 573 00:38:39,067 --> 00:38:42,110 of the St. Louis browns, and they had one of the best 574 00:38:42,111 --> 00:38:46,406 of the all-timers, George sisler, their player/manager. 575 00:38:46,407 --> 00:38:48,325 When the season really got underway, 576 00:38:48,326 --> 00:38:51,495 there were other headliners, Williams, hornsby, and killefer 577 00:38:51,496 --> 00:38:55,041 of the cardinals, and Walter Johnson of the senators, 578 00:38:56,209 --> 00:38:58,211 and mays of the Yankees, 579 00:38:59,796 --> 00:39:02,257 but the best of them all was babe Ruth. 580 00:39:03,842 --> 00:39:06,093 When he wrapped his hands around the bat 581 00:39:06,094 --> 00:39:09,305 and got his feet set right, great things could happen. 582 00:39:11,850 --> 00:39:15,018 In the 1927 world series, wilcy Moore 583 00:39:15,019 --> 00:39:18,189 pitched for the Yankees and Carmen hill for the pirates. 584 00:39:24,612 --> 00:39:28,240 Judge landis and colonel Jake ruppert were on hand. 585 00:39:29,993 --> 00:39:33,453 That was the year the babe knocked out 60 home runs, 586 00:39:33,454 --> 00:39:36,249 and the Yankees won the series in four straight games. 587 00:39:49,763 --> 00:39:52,639 There were other record breakers. 588 00:39:52,640 --> 00:39:55,350 Bobby Jones, an Atlanta, Georgia boy, 589 00:39:55,351 --> 00:39:58,353 who was to win the British open and the British amateur 590 00:39:58,354 --> 00:40:00,647 and the same year, take the American open 591 00:40:00,648 --> 00:40:02,941 and the American amateur championships, 592 00:40:02,942 --> 00:40:04,611 a clean sweep of the field. 593 00:40:05,612 --> 00:40:07,696 Bobby had iron control, 594 00:40:07,697 --> 00:40:10,783 especially with that putter of his, calamity Jane. 595 00:40:13,536 --> 00:40:15,245 Then there was man o' war, 596 00:40:15,246 --> 00:40:17,498 one of the great race horses of all time. 597 00:40:19,125 --> 00:40:22,294 As a two-year-old, big red started in 10 races, 598 00:40:22,295 --> 00:40:24,463 won nine of them, and came in second 599 00:40:24,464 --> 00:40:26,466 in the one race he didn't win. 600 00:40:29,761 --> 00:40:34,015 As a three-year-old, he started 11 times, won 11 times. 601 00:40:35,475 --> 00:40:38,226 Earl sande was top moneyjockey. 602 00:40:38,227 --> 00:40:40,188 He won so often it got to be a habit. 603 00:40:41,064 --> 00:40:46,234 Polo was in its heyday, with boxes at $275 a piece, 604 00:40:46,235 --> 00:40:48,570 and the international matches were the great events 605 00:40:48,571 --> 00:40:50,405 in that magnificent sport. 606 00:40:50,406 --> 00:40:52,783 A hard one to beat for speed, coordination, 607 00:40:52,784 --> 00:40:53,784 and horsemanship. 608 00:41:00,416 --> 00:41:03,628 Football turned out some stars who'll never be forgotten. 609 00:41:04,671 --> 00:41:07,381 Red grange of Illinois, the galloping ghost, 610 00:41:07,382 --> 00:41:09,424 was almost impossible to stop. 611 00:41:21,604 --> 00:41:24,606 Knute rockne, notre dame's great coach, 612 00:41:24,607 --> 00:41:26,858 was on the crest of the wave. 613 00:41:26,859 --> 00:41:30,446 It wasn't often that rock's teams lost a game. 614 00:41:33,449 --> 00:41:35,702 The east had its stars too. 615 00:41:37,412 --> 00:41:40,330 Albie booth of Yale was one of the best running backs 616 00:41:40,331 --> 00:41:44,002 the game produced. 617 00:41:52,093 --> 00:41:54,511 In those days, they were hanging up new records 618 00:41:54,512 --> 00:41:55,471 on the track. 619 00:41:55,472 --> 00:41:59,726 Nurmi, the flying Finn, raced with a stopwatch in his hand. 620 00:42:09,527 --> 00:42:12,571 Johnny weissmuller was another natural athlete. 621 00:42:12,572 --> 00:42:16,033 His record of 51 seconds for the 100-yard freestyle 622 00:42:16,034 --> 00:42:18,702 stood untouched for 16 years. 623 00:42:18,703 --> 00:42:21,164 That made him the fastest swimmer in the world. 624 00:42:32,842 --> 00:42:36,136 The champion water baby Americans really went wild about 625 00:42:36,137 --> 00:42:38,346 was a girl, gertrude ederle, 626 00:42:38,347 --> 00:42:41,475 the first woman to swim the English channel. 627 00:42:41,476 --> 00:42:44,729 It took her only 14 1/2 hours, a new record. 628 00:42:53,362 --> 00:42:54,946 And when Trudy got home, 629 00:42:54,947 --> 00:42:56,907 New York went wild. 630 00:42:56,908 --> 00:42:58,492 This 18-year-old girl 631 00:42:58,493 --> 00:43:00,787 had succeeded where several men had failed. 632 00:43:09,670 --> 00:43:12,172 At city hall, mayor Jimmy Walker 633 00:43:12,173 --> 00:43:14,007 compared her crossing of the channel 634 00:43:14,008 --> 00:43:16,343 with Moses crossing the red sea, 635 00:43:16,344 --> 00:43:18,470 Caesar crossing the rubicon, 636 00:43:18,471 --> 00:43:20,389 and Washington crossing the deleware. 637 00:43:21,933 --> 00:43:25,603 In tennis, it was tilden, long master of the courts. 638 00:43:26,771 --> 00:43:29,397 Among the women, there were the American champion, 639 00:43:29,398 --> 00:43:32,777 molla Mallory and the frenchman, Suzanne lenglen. 640 00:43:33,778 --> 00:43:36,822 But after a while, there was only one, the little girl 641 00:43:36,823 --> 00:43:40,742 with the eye shade and the poker face, Helen wills. 642 00:43:40,743 --> 00:43:44,580 She won 15 championships, British and American. 643 00:43:54,006 --> 00:43:57,509 Most rugged of all the champions was Jack dempsey, 644 00:43:57,510 --> 00:43:59,052 the manassa mauler. 645 00:43:59,053 --> 00:44:01,972 When dempsey worked out with his sparing partners, 646 00:44:01,973 --> 00:44:03,349 he had to hold back. 647 00:44:04,267 --> 00:44:06,268 If Jack was training for a big bout, 648 00:44:06,269 --> 00:44:08,312 he took every workout in dead earnest. 649 00:44:17,489 --> 00:44:21,032 Dempsey tangled with firpo, the wild bull of the pampas, 650 00:44:21,033 --> 00:44:23,953 and in two rounds, almost everything happened. 651 00:44:27,623 --> 00:44:29,625 Firpo knocked dempsey out of the ring, 652 00:44:35,214 --> 00:44:38,717 But dempsey bounced back and flattened firpo for the count. 653 00:44:53,691 --> 00:44:55,692 He was champ for over seven years, 654 00:44:55,693 --> 00:44:58,237 and then there was a new champion. 655 00:44:59,238 --> 00:45:02,115 Gene tunney beat dempsey in Philadelphia, 656 00:45:02,116 --> 00:45:05,118 but dempsey got a second crack at him in Chicago, 657 00:45:05,119 --> 00:45:07,746 and the old-timers are still talking about this fight 658 00:45:07,747 --> 00:45:09,039 and the long count. 659 00:45:12,335 --> 00:45:13,877 Here it is. 660 00:45:13,878 --> 00:45:15,546 Dempsey knocks tunney down. 661 00:45:21,761 --> 00:45:23,929 The referee won't start his count until dempsey 662 00:45:23,930 --> 00:45:25,306 moves to a neutral corner. 663 00:45:29,644 --> 00:45:31,062 One, 664 00:45:32,605 --> 00:45:33,605 two, 665 00:45:35,358 --> 00:45:36,358 three, 666 00:45:38,653 --> 00:45:39,653 four, 667 00:45:41,739 --> 00:45:42,739 five, 668 00:45:44,617 --> 00:45:45,617 six, 669 00:45:47,411 --> 00:45:48,411 seven, 670 00:45:50,581 --> 00:45:51,581 eight, 671 00:45:52,458 --> 00:45:53,583 nine, - Tunney waits 672 00:45:53,584 --> 00:45:54,918 till the count of nine, 673 00:45:54,919 --> 00:45:57,796 and then goes on to win by a decision. 674 00:45:57,797 --> 00:45:59,839 But thousands of fight fans thought dempsey 675 00:45:59,840 --> 00:46:01,800 had been robbed by that long count. 676 00:46:03,928 --> 00:46:06,763 Gene got the official welcome at city hall, 677 00:46:06,764 --> 00:46:08,723 and then after defeating Tom heeney, 678 00:46:08,724 --> 00:46:10,017 he retired from the ring. 679 00:46:15,856 --> 00:46:19,025 Tunney, it appeared, liked books, 680 00:46:19,026 --> 00:46:21,778 and so did a great many other Americans. 681 00:46:21,779 --> 00:46:25,198 They read the works of Michael arlen and were spellbound 682 00:46:25,199 --> 00:46:27,951 by the superb style of Joseph Conrad, 683 00:46:27,952 --> 00:46:30,288 a pole who had learned to write in English. 684 00:46:32,832 --> 00:46:35,250 Hundreds of thousands of Americans bought 685 00:46:35,251 --> 00:46:37,002 "the outline of history," 686 00:46:37,003 --> 00:46:41,173 by that tremendously productive englishman, hg. Wells. 687 00:46:42,591 --> 00:46:45,135 Another great English writer, John galsworthy, 688 00:46:45,136 --> 00:46:46,886 delighted the American reading public 689 00:46:46,887 --> 00:46:49,223 with his chronicles of the forsyte family. 690 00:46:51,809 --> 00:46:55,395 There were scores of popular books by American authors, too, 691 00:46:55,396 --> 00:46:58,898 and a few brilliant ones, for it was a time of fresh 692 00:46:58,899 --> 00:47:01,527 and energetic creation in American writing. 693 00:47:06,365 --> 00:47:07,365 A new sort of gadget 694 00:47:07,366 --> 00:47:09,951 began to cut into reading time. 695 00:47:09,952 --> 00:47:12,037 It had been known as the wireless, 696 00:47:12,038 --> 00:47:14,415 but it gradually changed its name to radio. 697 00:47:15,666 --> 00:47:18,126 The early broadcasters operated pretty much like 698 00:47:18,127 --> 00:47:20,712 the present ones, except that now they have 699 00:47:20,713 --> 00:47:22,548 air conditioning in the studios. 700 00:47:24,008 --> 00:47:26,885 It didn't take long for the new gadget to catch on, 701 00:47:26,886 --> 00:47:29,095 especially when there were so many new jazz bands 702 00:47:29,096 --> 00:47:30,096 on the air. 703 00:47:44,070 --> 00:47:47,572 You could get most of the sensational news from radio, too. 704 00:47:47,573 --> 00:47:51,285 There was the hall-mills case, complete with a pig woman. 705 00:47:53,162 --> 00:47:55,789 She was a key witness in a murder mystery 706 00:47:55,790 --> 00:47:57,333 that had everybody baffled. 707 00:47:58,834 --> 00:48:01,795 Mrs. Halls' husband, a preacher, had been killed 708 00:48:01,796 --> 00:48:06,299 in a Jersey back road and so had the wife of James mills. 709 00:48:06,300 --> 00:48:08,010 No one ever figured out why. 710 00:48:09,428 --> 00:48:12,764 Floyd Collins was another great dramatic story. 711 00:48:12,765 --> 00:48:15,141 Collins had been trapped in a Kentucky cave 712 00:48:15,142 --> 00:48:18,728 by a falling Boulder and the whole nation wanted to know, 713 00:48:18,729 --> 00:48:22,441 from hour to hour, what progress his rescuers were making. 714 00:48:23,692 --> 00:48:26,694 The youth had been exploring the narrow, twisting entrance 715 00:48:26,695 --> 00:48:29,197 to the cave when the rock had fallen 716 00:48:29,198 --> 00:48:31,409 and pinned his foot so he couldn't move. 717 00:48:32,952 --> 00:48:36,037 The rescuers planned to sink a shaft to intercept the tunnel 718 00:48:36,038 --> 00:48:38,748 at the point where Collins was trapped, 719 00:48:38,749 --> 00:48:41,918 but before they could finish it, Collins died, 720 00:48:41,919 --> 00:48:45,130 after 18 days in the tunnel. 721 00:48:45,131 --> 00:48:49,218 The nation felt a genuine sense of frustration and defeat. 722 00:48:52,638 --> 00:48:55,390 Tops on Broadway or even at a picnic 723 00:48:55,391 --> 00:48:58,018 were the glamorous stars of the metropolitan opera. 724 00:49:01,564 --> 00:49:03,690 Lawrence tibbitt was one of the promising 725 00:49:03,691 --> 00:49:05,525 home-grown baritones. 726 00:49:05,526 --> 00:49:08,737 Rosa ponselle was one of the best of the native warblers. 727 00:49:09,822 --> 00:49:12,949 Madame schumann-heink was a concert landmark, 728 00:49:12,950 --> 00:49:15,870 but she had made her early fame in wagnerian opera. 729 00:49:18,747 --> 00:49:21,416 An early Missouri thrush was Marion talley, 730 00:49:21,417 --> 00:49:24,503 meteoric soprano at the metropolitan opera house. 731 00:49:29,300 --> 00:49:32,427 And grace Moore, a girl from Tennessee, 732 00:49:32,428 --> 00:49:34,180 one of the loveliest of them all. 733 00:49:38,767 --> 00:49:40,059 American music 734 00:49:40,060 --> 00:49:41,562 Was growing up fast. 735 00:49:42,646 --> 00:49:46,065 George gershwin, the most gifted of the young composers, 736 00:49:46,066 --> 00:49:49,652 moved back and forth between Broadway and the concert stage, 737 00:49:49,653 --> 00:49:51,238 was equally at home in both. 738 00:49:54,033 --> 00:49:55,325 Meanwhile, Irving Berlin 739 00:49:55,326 --> 00:49:57,328 Went on turning out smash hits. 740 00:50:03,667 --> 00:50:06,586 Legit theater boomed along with the rest of the nation. 741 00:50:06,587 --> 00:50:09,297 There were plenty of good shows to take in, 742 00:50:09,298 --> 00:50:11,509 plenty of customers at the box office. 743 00:50:24,855 --> 00:50:26,731 Visiting entertainers from Europe, 744 00:50:26,732 --> 00:50:28,650 if they were as gifted as Harry lauder, 745 00:50:28,651 --> 00:50:30,818 star of the English music halls, 746 00:50:30,819 --> 00:50:34,031 was certain of a generous reception, in the United States. 747 00:50:48,921 --> 00:50:52,173 But Americans were loyal to their own products too. 748 00:50:52,174 --> 00:50:54,968 The girls had just about what they have now. 749 00:50:54,969 --> 00:50:57,095 Noel coward was the first to treat it on a 750 00:50:57,096 --> 00:51:00,056 dead pan, mathematical basis. 751 00:51:00,057 --> 00:51:02,935 Neck, 12 1/2, 752 00:51:04,270 --> 00:51:05,437 bust 34 1/2, 753 00:51:08,691 --> 00:51:09,817 waist 23 1/2, 754 00:51:13,654 --> 00:51:16,574 hips 35. 755 00:51:18,450 --> 00:51:21,786 There was a craze for speed and more speed. 756 00:51:21,787 --> 00:51:23,162 And at the automobile races, 757 00:51:23,163 --> 00:51:25,164 you could never tell when something would happen. 758 00:51:56,155 --> 00:51:58,948 But Ralph depalma and Peter depaolo 759 00:51:58,949 --> 00:52:01,577 were always the indestructible, unbeatable ones. 760 00:52:02,953 --> 00:52:05,204 Aviation was still kind of hazardous too. 761 00:52:14,340 --> 00:52:19,553 You see, people had strange ideas, which almost worked. 762 00:52:23,849 --> 00:52:26,477 And there was one that looked like it oughta work. 763 00:52:31,732 --> 00:52:34,776 And one man who had theories about wings 764 00:52:34,777 --> 00:52:36,654 but couldn't run quite fast enough. 765 00:52:52,878 --> 00:52:55,004 But in spite of real danger, 766 00:52:55,005 --> 00:52:57,758 aviation's pioneers kept on trying. 767 00:52:59,093 --> 00:53:03,013 Some experimented with gliders towed by planes. 768 00:53:28,580 --> 00:53:31,833 The best professionals had their troubles too. 769 00:53:31,834 --> 00:53:34,877 Rene fonck, a French war ace, 770 00:53:34,878 --> 00:53:37,673 started out to fly from New York to Paris. 771 00:53:39,299 --> 00:53:43,678 He gunned his big plane, heavily loaded, down the runway, 772 00:53:43,679 --> 00:53:47,599 tried hard to get her off the ground, but couldn't make it. 773 00:53:51,770 --> 00:53:54,480 Two crewmen were lost in the crash, 774 00:53:54,481 --> 00:53:56,567 but fonck lived to fly again. 775 00:54:02,489 --> 00:54:05,825 But no flyer received a tenth of the adulation 776 00:54:05,826 --> 00:54:08,745 that came to Charles Augustus Lindbergh, 777 00:54:08,746 --> 00:54:11,414 who set off alone in a tiny plane, 778 00:54:11,415 --> 00:54:13,459 to fly from New York to Paris. 779 00:54:26,805 --> 00:54:31,058 In Paris, Lindbergh was taken in tow by ambassador herrick, 780 00:54:31,059 --> 00:54:33,060 and French-American relations 781 00:54:33,061 --> 00:54:34,937 reached a new peak of friendliness. 782 00:54:38,317 --> 00:54:41,652 Back in New York, Lindbergh was given the greatest reception 783 00:54:41,653 --> 00:54:44,030 that anyone had ever had. 784 00:54:44,031 --> 00:54:46,741 The admiration for him in American hearts and minds 785 00:54:46,742 --> 00:54:49,161 was both deep and hysterical. 786 00:55:08,388 --> 00:55:10,640 The governor of New York, al Smith, 787 00:55:10,641 --> 00:55:14,185 was proud and happy to be allowed to stand beside him. 788 00:55:16,188 --> 00:55:19,106 In keeping with the liveliness of the period, 789 00:55:19,107 --> 00:55:22,109 president coolidge accepted an honorary chieftaincy 790 00:55:22,110 --> 00:55:25,238 from the sioux Indians, amid ceremonial merriment, 791 00:55:25,239 --> 00:55:27,199 at the south Dakota reservation. 792 00:55:41,880 --> 00:55:44,716 Chief leading eagle was but mildly amused. 793 00:55:56,228 --> 00:55:58,688 Everybody was having a happy time. 794 00:55:58,689 --> 00:56:02,191 The automobile industry, for example, was booming. 795 00:56:02,192 --> 00:56:04,694 The cars, themselves, had certain features 796 00:56:04,695 --> 00:56:06,612 of a utilitarian order, 797 00:56:06,613 --> 00:56:11,033 such as running boards, driver visibility, and fresh air. 798 00:56:11,034 --> 00:56:12,661 The prices were right, too. 799 00:56:14,496 --> 00:56:16,706 The flivver was a thing of beauty, 800 00:56:16,707 --> 00:56:20,209 and when Henry Ford turned out his 15 millionth car, 801 00:56:20,210 --> 00:56:23,171 we knew the automobile age had really arrived. 802 00:56:26,758 --> 00:56:31,804 The earliest autos had become museum pieces, and Henry Ford, 803 00:56:31,805 --> 00:56:35,099 father of the American assembly line technique, 804 00:56:35,100 --> 00:56:39,146 sat proudly in his own first car, which he had made by hand. 805 00:56:41,648 --> 00:56:44,359 Production in industry was steadily increasing, 806 00:56:45,611 --> 00:56:49,238 and with it came a steady rise in national income 807 00:56:49,239 --> 00:56:50,908 and in international trade. 808 00:56:58,749 --> 00:57:03,002 Under the guidance of Charles dawes and Owen d. Young, 809 00:57:03,003 --> 00:57:05,588 considerable efforts were made to help solve 810 00:57:05,589 --> 00:57:08,507 such naughty problems as Europe's war debts 811 00:57:08,508 --> 00:57:09,968 and reparations claims. 812 00:57:11,511 --> 00:57:15,348 During such prosperous times, everyone thought of peace. 813 00:57:15,349 --> 00:57:20,019 The kellogg-briand pact, negotiated to outlaw war 814 00:57:20,020 --> 00:57:22,605 as an instrument of national policy, 815 00:57:22,606 --> 00:57:26,525 seemed to many to make perfect sense, in those days. 816 00:57:26,526 --> 00:57:29,570 If coolidge was not wildly enthusiastic, 817 00:57:29,571 --> 00:57:32,740 it was probably because he realized that if the pact 818 00:57:32,741 --> 00:57:35,201 had been a good gesture politically, 819 00:57:35,202 --> 00:57:36,828 it was also a futile one. 820 00:57:38,372 --> 00:57:41,999 Good political moves like the negotiation of the pact 821 00:57:42,000 --> 00:57:44,336 were not to be likely regarded at that time. 822 00:57:45,253 --> 00:57:48,966 The presidential campaign of 1928 had been a tough one. 823 00:57:51,927 --> 00:57:54,929 Democrats had convened at Houston, Texas, 824 00:57:54,930 --> 00:57:58,057 and al Smith was their choice for president. 825 00:57:58,058 --> 00:58:00,518 He was nominated by Franklin Roosevelt, 826 00:58:00,519 --> 00:58:02,521 who lauded him as the happy warrior. 827 00:58:11,113 --> 00:58:13,739 Al Smith was a fighter and a man of character, 828 00:58:13,740 --> 00:58:16,034 but the odds against him were too great. 829 00:58:17,369 --> 00:58:20,246 Republicans had nominated Herbert hoover, 830 00:58:20,247 --> 00:58:23,666 and hoover was just what the country seemed to need, 831 00:58:23,667 --> 00:58:25,960 an engineer, honest and competent, 832 00:58:25,961 --> 00:58:28,713 who knew commerce and industry. 833 00:58:28,714 --> 00:58:30,840 That's what the people wanted, 834 00:58:30,841 --> 00:58:33,384 And on election night, in Times Square, 835 00:58:33,385 --> 00:58:36,595 the crowds waited excitedly for the results to come in. 836 00:58:57,576 --> 00:59:00,327 The cheers were for four more years of prosperity 837 00:59:00,328 --> 00:59:03,874 with the unbeatable republican ticket, hoover and Curtis. 838 00:59:08,962 --> 00:59:12,006 Now it became hoover's turn to ride up to the capitol 839 00:59:12,007 --> 00:59:13,967 to take the oath of office. 840 00:59:48,960 --> 00:59:52,296 It seemed to most Americans as if the years of prosperity 841 00:59:52,297 --> 00:59:55,674 would go on forever and the crowd before the capitol 842 00:59:55,675 --> 00:59:59,804 was in a holiday mood as the ceremony got underway. 843 00:59:59,805 --> 01:00:02,932 Then the rain began to fall, but the spectators 844 01:00:02,933 --> 01:00:05,894 listened on quietly to hoover's inaugural address. 845 01:00:06,853 --> 01:00:10,397 Another sort of storm was gathering that day, 846 01:00:10,398 --> 01:00:12,108 but it still hadn't broken when the coolidges 847 01:00:12,109 --> 01:00:15,487 pulled out of Washington, headed for retirement. 848 01:00:17,739 --> 01:00:19,031 Americans with a bank roll 849 01:00:19,032 --> 01:00:21,784 could make summer last the year round. 850 01:00:21,785 --> 01:00:24,495 Arthur hammerstein wintered in palm beach 851 01:00:24,496 --> 01:00:27,624 and so did Mrs. George m. Cohan and Mrs. Sam Harris. 852 01:00:28,625 --> 01:00:32,003 Irene castle, famed as a dancer, added glamor. 853 01:00:37,092 --> 01:00:39,260 Flo Ziegfeld with his wife, Billie Burke, 854 01:00:39,261 --> 01:00:43,139 and his daughter, Patricia, went in for the nautical life. 855 01:00:43,140 --> 01:00:46,184 Most of Broadway showed up in Florida at one time or other. 856 01:00:53,984 --> 01:00:56,360 Helen Morgan was one of the standbys. 857 01:00:56,361 --> 01:00:58,154 She was the star of showboat. 858 01:00:58,155 --> 01:01:00,990 She could make any song famous. 859 01:01:00,991 --> 01:01:03,159 The girls and the men too, 860 01:01:03,160 --> 01:01:05,536 got a kick out of the fashion parades, 861 01:01:05,537 --> 01:01:08,999 and the dresses were, well they looked fine then. 862 01:01:50,373 --> 01:01:53,417 You could always count on finding his honor Jimmy Walker, 863 01:01:53,418 --> 01:01:56,879 mayor of New York, in the middle of things. 864 01:01:56,880 --> 01:01:59,423 Jimmy was always dapper and lively 865 01:01:59,424 --> 01:02:00,884 with a smile for all comers. 866 01:02:04,346 --> 01:02:07,724 The Florida press agents ideas got wackier and wackier. 867 01:02:28,536 --> 01:02:31,163 But Florida had no patent on wackiness. 868 01:02:31,164 --> 01:02:33,249 You could whip up a Charleston contest 869 01:02:33,250 --> 01:02:35,252 anywhere in the country. 870 01:03:04,990 --> 01:03:08,701 It was along Broadway that the nightlife was reallyjumping. 871 01:03:08,702 --> 01:03:11,495 There were plenty of customers and the butter and egg men 872 01:03:11,496 --> 01:03:14,456 with bank rolls they were steaming to get rid of. 873 01:03:14,457 --> 01:03:16,292 You could always make more. 874 01:03:16,293 --> 01:03:17,710 Make it in the market. 875 01:03:17,711 --> 01:03:19,504 Spend it at a named band clubs. 876 01:03:31,558 --> 01:03:36,145 J“ who cares if hard luck may be ahead j“ 877 01:03:36,146 --> 01:03:40,566 j“ an empty cupboard, a crust of bread j“ 878 01:03:40,567 --> 01:03:44,987 j“ a little kiss each morning j“ 879 01:03:44,988 --> 01:03:48,700 j“ a little kiss each night j“ 880 01:04:12,974 --> 01:04:15,434 The speakeasies did a land office business, 881 01:04:15,435 --> 01:04:18,772 and Texas guinan with her gals kept customers roaring. 882 01:04:20,273 --> 01:04:24,360 - Love is really the sugar coating on the cake of trouble 883 01:04:24,361 --> 01:04:28,072 and many a sucker has cut himself too big a piece of cake. 884 01:04:28,073 --> 01:04:29,407 You understand? 885 01:05:01,481 --> 01:05:03,942 Somehow it didn't last forever. 886 01:05:12,659 --> 01:05:14,785 The time came when the ticker tape 887 01:05:14,786 --> 01:05:16,870 in the broker's office told a new story. 888 01:05:22,001 --> 01:05:23,752 It was panic. 889 01:05:23,753 --> 01:05:28,340 161/2 million shares of stock sold in a single day, 890 01:05:28,341 --> 01:05:31,469 sold hopelessly, desperately, at any price. 891 01:05:32,595 --> 01:05:35,098 It was the forerunner of depression and crisis. 892 01:05:43,523 --> 01:05:47,151 So ended the golden playtime of the twenties. 893 01:05:47,152 --> 01:05:50,487 But beneath the froth, it was a decade of great achievements 894 01:05:50,488 --> 01:05:54,116 in many fields of work, in science, 895 01:05:54,117 --> 01:05:56,119 in industry, in education. 896 01:05:57,120 --> 01:06:00,581 No one was wise enough to turn the piece and prosperity 897 01:06:00,582 --> 01:06:03,710 of that decade into permanent peace and prosperity. 898 01:06:05,295 --> 01:06:07,921 But the nation had lived for a few brief years, 899 01:06:07,922 --> 01:06:12,593 in a new kind of world, where there was happiness and peace, 900 01:06:12,594 --> 01:06:16,555 and if that brief world ended rudely and abruptly, 901 01:06:16,556 --> 01:06:20,434 there was still left, in its pattern, the hope of an america 902 01:06:20,435 --> 01:06:24,188 of abundance and fun, of peace and accomplishment, 903 01:06:24,189 --> 01:06:28,442 to be created again in other golden days still to come.