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Previously
in Secrets of the Bees� 

2
00:00:10,135 --> 00:00:12,554
After months of hard work

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00:00:15,224 --> 00:00:17,809
the bee colony
separated into two.

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00:00:20,604 --> 00:00:22,689
Half of the workers left

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00:00:24,525 --> 00:00:29,821
leaving those that remained in a hive
embezzled and without a queen.

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00:00:31,448 --> 00:00:35,577
While the deserters turn around
in the eye of a storm.

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00:00:37,496 --> 00:00:38,789
A storm is falling.

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00:00:39,498 --> 00:00:41,583
Poor things,
they will get soaked.

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00:00:43,210 --> 00:00:48,674
SECRETS OF THE BEES

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00:00:51,885 --> 00:00:56,139
THE POLLINATORS

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00:00:59,726 --> 00:01:04,022
Now, I'm back to see
whether the swarm survived the night.

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00:01:07,317 --> 00:01:09,027
There are many bees flying.

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00:01:09,111 --> 00:01:10,654
CINEGRAPHER and EXPLORER

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00:01:10,779 --> 00:01:11,780
Here we go.

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00:01:15,951 --> 00:01:18,370
How are you, swarm?

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00:01:20,664 --> 00:01:21,999
Until they look good.

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What a relief.

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00:01:25,836 --> 00:01:29,006
I was worried that they had
been frozen in the rain.

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00:01:31,925 --> 00:01:33,427
Okay, I'll get my camera.

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00:01:36,680 --> 00:01:40,392
Exposed to the open air, bees
are still vulnerable.

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00:01:41,059 --> 00:01:44,104
They desperately need
of a roof over their heads.

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The plan now is that most
of the bees stay still

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00:01:48,108 --> 00:01:49,401
to save energy,

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00:01:50,527 --> 00:01:54,281
but some of them will leave.

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00:01:56,825 --> 00:01:58,076
There she goes.

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00:02:00,287 --> 00:02:05,000
These are the beaters,
the most experienced workers.

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00:02:07,544 --> 00:02:10,255
Their work
Looking for a place to live.

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00:02:12,341 --> 00:02:16,428
Each scout can only seek
as far as the queen can go,

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00:02:17,054 --> 00:02:18,639
about three kilometers.

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00:02:22,267 --> 00:02:24,770
And any hole
it's worth checking out.

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00:02:26,313 --> 00:02:30,317
She looks for a spacious place
enough for the colony to grow.

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Check.

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00:02:33,445 --> 00:02:36,281
A narrow entrance
to facilitate defense� 

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Check.

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00:02:40,827 --> 00:02:43,747
But it's very open.

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00:02:51,546 --> 00:02:55,050
A hole in a tree
It would be the perfect choice!

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00:02:58,136 --> 00:03:00,097
A safe distance from the ground.

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00:03:00,806 --> 00:03:04,685
And space for your 30 thousand sisters.

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Perfect!

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00:03:15,487 --> 00:03:18,198
Now, we need to convince the swarm

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00:03:22,494 --> 00:03:23,620
It's a twist!

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00:03:25,580 --> 00:03:29,126
This is the famous
bee wiggling dance.

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00:03:31,753 --> 00:03:34,381
Even though it seems lonely
a random ass swing,

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00:03:34,840 --> 00:03:36,633
this is a crucial message.

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00:03:36,925 --> 00:03:39,970
This is how the beaters
inform the rest of the colony

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00:03:40,053 --> 00:03:43,140
location and quality
of the new house they found.

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00:03:44,474 --> 00:03:49,146
And this is the communication system
most advanced among all insects.

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What are they saying?

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00:03:54,443 --> 00:03:57,863
"Listen everyone! You won't believe
in the place I just found.

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00:03:57,946 --> 00:04:00,782
It has a beautiful view,
It's not far from here,

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00:04:00,866 --> 00:04:03,243
and there's a lot of space
to produce honey!"

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00:04:04,578 --> 00:04:08,707
The longer the dance,
the greater the distance they must fly,

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00:04:09,541 --> 00:04:14,629
and your enthusiasm tells others
how amazing the place is.

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00:04:19,468 --> 00:04:21,887
The other beaters
go check the hole

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00:04:25,223 --> 00:04:28,769
to be sure
that it's as good as she says.

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00:04:31,730 --> 00:04:35,108
If they like it,
they also join the dance.

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00:04:39,654 --> 00:04:42,032
One bee, one vote.

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It's democracy in action.

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00:04:48,413 --> 00:04:51,124
When the majority
of the scouts agree

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00:04:52,709 --> 00:04:54,085
the deal is closed.

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00:05:07,224 --> 00:05:10,435
All 30 thousand
bees take flight.

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00:05:22,447 --> 00:05:25,742
The swarm finally
has a new home.

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00:05:29,204 --> 00:05:34,042
A place for this half
of the brotherhood to grow and prosper.

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00:05:37,754 --> 00:05:40,423
Swarm out
a dangerous risk,

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00:05:40,507 --> 00:05:45,136
but it is necessary for the bees
conquer new territories.

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00:05:46,847 --> 00:05:51,351
It is also the only occasion
in which they travel long distances.

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00:05:56,189 --> 00:05:58,859
Unless we force them.

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00:06:06,491 --> 00:06:12,080
Annually, 30 billion
of bees cross the USA

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00:06:12,163 --> 00:06:14,708
to the Valley
Central California.

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00:06:17,502 --> 00:06:21,464
It is one of the biggest displacements
of animals on the planet

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00:06:23,133 --> 00:06:26,136
and it is known
such as migratory beekeeping.

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00:06:37,856 --> 00:06:41,192
Let's start cleaning this
construction site, remove all this snow.

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Ryan Lieuallen
He is a fifth generation beekeeper.

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00:06:47,240 --> 00:06:51,202
I live among the bees
because of my father and grandfather

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00:06:51,286 --> 00:06:53,163
since I was three or four years old.

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Practically my entire life.

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Every winter,
while bees save energy,

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Ryan carries thousands of his hives
from Oregon to California,

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not to produce honey,
but to pollinate almond trees.

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Look at the network.

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00:07:19,731 --> 00:07:22,108
It is a journey of almost 1,300km.

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00:07:24,110 --> 00:07:29,199
An unimaginable distance for an animal
who would normally never travel

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00:07:29,282 --> 00:07:31,409
more than ten
kilometers from your home.

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00:07:36,706 --> 00:07:38,208
In the middle of the trip,

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00:07:38,291 --> 00:07:41,753
as the truck descends the mountains
Rockies to California,

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00:07:42,212 --> 00:07:45,674
the temperature rises suddenly
more than 10�C.

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The bees begin to wake up.

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You can smell them.

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The truck becomes a hum.

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This is the most dangerous part
of the bees' journey.

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Whenever we stop

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they start to fly
and leaving through the cracks.

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00:08:13,660 --> 00:08:16,037
They get stuck
in the nets and die.

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00:08:18,206 --> 00:08:19,749
CENTRAL CALIFORNIA VALLEY

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After two days on the road,
the bees reach their destination.

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00:08:26,798 --> 00:08:28,925
They come together
to millions of others,

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00:08:29,008 --> 00:08:32,470
forming a concentration
of unique hives in the world.

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00:08:34,013 --> 00:08:37,684
But will Ryan's bees
Did they survive the journey?

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This is not good.

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All the bees
at the bottom of the box

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they froze on the way.

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Beekeeping
Migration is very difficult.

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You try your best
to keep them healthy and alive,

104
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but sometimes,
you simply can't do it.

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No source of nectar
to feed your bees,

106
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Ryan offers a replacement.

107
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A food
that simulates spring,

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signaling for them to increase
the colony as quickly as possible.

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00:09:16,306 --> 00:09:17,682
Good night, girls!

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After two weeks, the hives
are spread throughout the orchards� 

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ready to enjoy
the height of flowering.

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More than 100 million almond trees
bloom at the same time.

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Bees are only one week old
to visit each of these flowers.

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It's Ryan's bee time
come into action.

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Each visit
up to five thousand flowers per day.

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And while they gather food,

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pollen grains are transferred
from one flower to another,

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pollinating the plants.

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This is the biggest event
of pollination on Earth.

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But the flowers
they only last six days.

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The petals begin to fall

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and there is no more
flowers for bees.

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More than three quarters of almonds
of the world comes from California.

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A business of 20
billions of dollars

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that depends
entirely from bees.

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This year, the event left marks
deep into Ryan's bees.

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I'm very
worried about the future.

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In what my actions today
Will it work tomorrow?

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Ryan is convinced that there is
a better path ahead.

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129 DAYS TO WINTER

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Two weeks ago, the swarm left the hive
with half the workers and without the queen.

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But before leaving,

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the queen left an egg
in four special alveoli.

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Since then, the workers
I have been watching carefully.

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Each contains
a future queen.

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The first
emerging has the advantage.

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This is the moment
that the sisters were waiting for.

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This can be
their new queen.

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Leadership and fertility
in a single bee.

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She warns everyone in the hive
who is ready to reign.

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Communicating
like no other bee.

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She sings.

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The vibrations propagate
through the walls of the honeycomb.

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At every corner,
the colony becomes immobilized,

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in recognition
It's your new queen.

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The reserve queens, still
in the alveoli, they respond with a croak.

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A reminder to the queen
that she has rivals.

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00:13:45,241 --> 00:13:49,203
To keep the crown, she needs
leave the hive and mate.

149
00:13:51,956 --> 00:13:56,294
If she fails, the queens
Reservations will have their chance.

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Until then, the workers keep them
calm with food and gentle vibrations.

151
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If the queen succeeds, she
he will kill the imprisoned rivals.

152
00:14:31,162 --> 00:14:32,622
At this time of year,

153
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queens are not the only ones
new bees appearing.

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00:14:44,675 --> 00:14:46,677
This one is big.

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00:14:49,347 --> 00:14:51,682
A big guy,
to be more exact.

156
00:14:54,227 --> 00:14:57,230
Males are born
in the warmer months.

157
00:15:00,650 --> 00:15:05,071
Known as drone,
He has an important job

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that if you can
come out of your cell.

159
00:15:18,459 --> 00:15:21,754
Fortunately, the sisters
are around to help.

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Drones like him don't mess around
a finger to help the colony.

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It does not collect nectar

162
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nor pollen.

163
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He can't
nor eat alone.

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The only thing he does
It's disturbing others.

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Your only purpose in life

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 � mating with queens from others
hives and spread the family genes.

167
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That's why he has such big eyes. O
twice the size of its sisters.

168
00:16:20,563 --> 00:16:23,691
Ensuring
a full view of the sky,

169
00:16:25,902 --> 00:16:28,946
perfect for locating queens
flying high.

170
00:16:30,740 --> 00:16:32,700
Just not your sister.

171
00:16:33,284 --> 00:16:37,413
She must go out and find
their own drones in another hive.

172
00:16:44,670 --> 00:16:47,340
She will mate
with up to 20 of them.

173
00:16:49,008 --> 00:16:51,928
A unique peculiarity
of honeybee queens.

174
00:16:54,513 --> 00:16:57,433
Most bees
has a single partner.

175
00:16:59,936 --> 00:17:04,315
And, for some, finding
This partner is a dangerous task.

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00:17:04,732 --> 00:17:09,528
CARNARVON AUSTRALIA

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00:17:09,987 --> 00:17:13,908
This is one of the deserts
driest in Australia.

178
00:17:18,996 --> 00:17:24,418
But for a few weeks a year, there are
carpets of flowers rich in nectar.

179
00:17:25,544 --> 00:17:27,463
As soon as they sprout

180
00:17:28,714 --> 00:17:32,635
also appears
one of the largest bees in the world.

181
00:17:48,317 --> 00:17:50,278
A Dawson's bourgeois bee.

182
00:17:56,075 --> 00:17:58,744
She spent a year
alone underground,

183
00:17:59,036 --> 00:18:02,707
waiting for this exact moment
to find a partner.

184
00:18:13,134 --> 00:18:17,346
Its irresistible aroma
attracted dozens of suitors.

185
00:18:23,686 --> 00:18:25,646
But she only needs one.

186
00:18:39,327 --> 00:18:43,497
It's smart to stay in the hole,
out of reach.

187
00:18:48,794 --> 00:18:52,340
Better to let the males
resolve tensions among themselves.

188
00:19:00,848 --> 00:19:03,184
Another female
decides to try his luck.

189
00:19:07,521 --> 00:19:10,066
But the situation
It is completely out of your control.

190
00:19:20,576 --> 00:19:26,791
As they only mate once,
the competition is relentless.

191
00:19:32,129 --> 00:19:35,716
In this pile,
the female may end up injured

192
00:19:36,801 --> 00:19:38,010
or worse.

193
00:19:47,395 --> 00:19:51,732
Your scent is so powerful
that, even after death,

194
00:19:51,816 --> 00:19:54,026
continues to attract attention.

195
00:20:05,663 --> 00:20:08,124
With almost all
the females outside the land,

196
00:20:09,542 --> 00:20:12,002
the number of males
assets decreased.

197
00:20:15,840 --> 00:20:19,051
The cautious female
assesses the situation.

198
00:20:25,891 --> 00:20:27,226
Just a male�

199
00:20:29,186 --> 00:20:31,605
the perfect time to act.

200
00:20:38,529 --> 00:20:39,905
But it's a mistake.

201
00:20:43,325 --> 00:20:45,578
Males are ruthless.

202
00:20:55,755 --> 00:20:58,048
But she found
the ideal partner!

203
00:20:59,467 --> 00:21:01,635
And he holds on
with all your strength.

204
00:21:07,183 --> 00:21:11,771
They need to reach shelter as quickly as possible
May her little legs carry them.

205
00:21:23,783 --> 00:21:26,619
Finally, some peace.

206
00:21:35,336 --> 00:21:38,464
Once mated,
its aroma changes,

207
00:21:39,215 --> 00:21:42,176
and the males
they lose all interest.

208
00:21:46,055 --> 00:21:49,058
Your choice
at the moment it was perfect.

209
00:21:53,020 --> 00:21:57,399
The brief bloom
provide for her and her offspring

210
00:21:57,483 --> 00:21:59,401
all necessary resources.

211
00:22:07,743 --> 00:22:09,912
128 DAYS TO WINTER

212
00:22:10,037 --> 00:22:11,539
Back to the hive,

213
00:22:12,164 --> 00:22:17,586
the queen mated successfully
and makes his triumphant return.

214
00:22:25,010 --> 00:22:30,516
With her dedicated to the task of laying
eggs, the population explodes.

215
00:22:34,353 --> 00:22:37,189
And the workers
intensify productivity.

216
00:22:37,273 --> 00:22:44,154
DAYS FOR WINTER

217
00:22:46,740 --> 00:22:49,910
Collecting nectar
It's in full swing.

218
00:22:53,664 --> 00:22:58,836
They need to produce and store
18kg of honey to survive the winter.

219
00:23:00,838 --> 00:23:02,840
They still have
a long way to go.

220
00:23:03,173 --> 00:23:04,133
49 DAYS TO WINTER

221
00:23:05,134 --> 00:23:08,137
With the arrival of autumn
and the nectar drying,

222
00:23:09,471 --> 00:23:12,850
every drop of honey
stored is precious.

223
00:23:13,767 --> 00:23:18,188
Nothing can be wasted
with profiteers.

224
00:23:22,192 --> 00:23:27,823
With the mating season over,
males are no longer welcome.

225
00:23:33,662 --> 00:23:36,248
So,
their sisters turn against them.

226
00:23:41,795 --> 00:23:44,465
Each drone is expelled.

227
00:23:46,050 --> 00:23:47,384
Alive or dead.

228
00:23:58,854 --> 00:24:02,983
And the hive becomes again
a female-only territory.

229
00:24:09,239 --> 00:24:10,240
48 DAYS TO WINTER

230
00:24:10,324 --> 00:24:14,912
With a few weeks left until winter,
This is a critical moment.

231
00:24:16,288 --> 00:24:21,085
But it is now that many bees
around the world become victims

232
00:24:21,168 --> 00:24:23,587
of something beyond your control.

233
00:24:31,261 --> 00:24:32,972
To understand

234
00:24:33,055 --> 00:24:39,269
For entomologist Dr. Sammy Ramsey,
Stopping the threat is his life's work.

235
00:24:39,353 --> 00:24:44,108
So imagine for a moment
that are hosts of a parasite

236
00:24:44,191 --> 00:24:46,360
the size of your hand.

237
00:24:47,069 --> 00:24:49,238
The size of the body is unreal.

238
00:24:49,321 --> 00:24:50,614
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PARASITES

239
00:24:50,698 --> 00:24:54,576
Honestly, it would be like
if a human being carried it.

240
00:24:55,077 --> 00:24:56,870
These are Varroa mites.

241
00:24:56,954 --> 00:25:00,708
These are the parasites that bees
carry in their bodies

242
00:25:00,791 --> 00:25:03,419
and they are liquefying
and sucking out their livers.

243
00:25:04,420 --> 00:25:07,715
Varroa mites
are destructive on a scale

244
00:25:07,798 --> 00:25:09,717
that, sometimes,
It is difficult to measure.

245
00:25:11,051 --> 00:25:14,179
They are the most common parasites
threatening and widely distributed

246
00:25:14,263 --> 00:25:16,724
among the bees
across the planet.

247
00:25:18,350 --> 00:25:20,436
Sammy and his student, Justin,

248
00:25:20,519 --> 00:25:22,896
need to inspect
the infested hives

249
00:25:22,980 --> 00:25:26,400
and evaluate the effects
that mites cause to bees.

250
00:25:30,612 --> 00:25:32,573
There's the virus
of the deformed wings here.

251
00:25:33,365 --> 00:25:36,160
Poor thing.
Your wings are so small.

252
00:25:39,788 --> 00:25:43,500
The quantity
of open cells in this honeycomb

253
00:25:43,584 --> 00:25:45,085
It's worrying.

254
00:25:45,836 --> 00:25:49,882
When Varroa Mites Infiltrate
in colonies and attach themselves to bees,

255
00:25:49,965 --> 00:25:52,426
cause real chaos
in the immune system.

256
00:25:53,218 --> 00:25:56,138
Viruses can multiply
in an unrestrained way

257
00:25:56,221 --> 00:25:59,516
and cause problematic symptoms
in bees.

258
00:26:00,476 --> 00:26:01,977
To study the enemy,

259
00:26:02,061 --> 00:26:05,856
Sammy has a way of collecting
the mites of a hive.

260
00:26:06,607 --> 00:26:08,817
Ready.

261
00:26:08,901 --> 00:26:10,944
Let's donate the expensive ones to science.

262
00:26:14,323 --> 00:26:17,159
Varroa mites cannot
stay trapped with bees

263
00:26:17,242 --> 00:26:20,496
if your paws are covered
of icing sugar.

264
00:26:24,041 --> 00:26:26,210
They are well covered.
Just give it a whirl.

265
00:26:27,461 --> 00:26:28,921
And then, we shake.

266
00:26:29,546 --> 00:26:34,134
Sugar will get into the corners
and slipping from the bees.

267
00:26:34,551 --> 00:26:36,970
I'm sorry, girls,
but it is for the good of the colony.

268
00:26:37,054 --> 00:26:39,181
I swear, these expensive
are the last thing they want.

269
00:26:41,225 --> 00:26:44,978
Look, this colony
It's infested to the core!

270
00:26:47,356 --> 00:26:50,943
That's my favorite part. Power
finally return them home.

271
00:26:56,949 --> 00:26:59,326
Alright girls,
Soon they will be the center of attention.

272
00:27:02,621 --> 00:27:04,373
Who doesn't like
of a sweet bee?

273
00:27:09,378 --> 00:27:13,215
Back to the laboratory,
Sammy wants to test the mites

274
00:27:13,298 --> 00:27:15,467
in a special group of bees.

275
00:27:17,886 --> 00:27:21,890
They may contain the solution
to deal with infestations.

276
00:27:23,976 --> 00:27:24,977
Ready?

277
00:27:25,060 --> 00:27:29,106
Can we introduce these expensive
in our observation hive

278
00:27:29,189 --> 00:27:33,277
and study how bees cope

279
00:27:33,360 --> 00:27:35,612
with a big
invasion at once.

280
00:27:35,696 --> 00:27:37,239
- Okay, close it.
- Come in.

281
00:27:37,322 --> 00:27:38,407
- Ready.
- Great.

282
00:27:41,159 --> 00:27:43,203
The mites positioned on the glass

283
00:27:43,996 --> 00:27:47,416
are waiting for a bee to pass by
so they can cling to it.

284
00:27:54,673 --> 00:27:55,674
There it is.

285
00:27:58,302 --> 00:28:01,722
These mites are
masters of disguise.

286
00:28:03,098 --> 00:28:07,269
They learned all the ways
possible to mask your smell

287
00:28:07,352 --> 00:28:09,605
and even
the texture of their bodies.

288
00:28:11,607 --> 00:28:15,027
They imitate the plates
and the hairs on the bee's body,

289
00:28:16,778 --> 00:28:22,034
that when it touches itself, the parasite
it seems to be part of your own body.

290
00:28:24,870 --> 00:28:28,332
But this colony has
a unique superpower.

291
00:28:29,499 --> 00:28:34,630
Bees in our observation hive
are of a specific genetic lineage,

292
00:28:34,713 --> 00:28:37,966
able to resist
to certain elements

293
00:28:38,050 --> 00:28:40,761
from the domain of Varroa mites
over the colony.

294
00:28:42,262 --> 00:28:44,640
Compared to common bees,

295
00:28:44,723 --> 00:28:48,393
these are cleaned
with a much greater frequency.

296
00:28:49,686 --> 00:28:52,898
They notice that there is something
wrong and need to be resolved.

297
00:28:54,983 --> 00:28:57,194
Did well. That!

298
00:29:02,574 --> 00:29:05,869
Sammy and his team hope that,
if this cleaning stroke

299
00:29:05,953 --> 00:29:09,164
can be reproduced
genetically in other bees,

300
00:29:10,082 --> 00:29:14,878
Varroa mites won't have the chance
from spreading their deadly viruses.

301
00:29:18,882 --> 00:29:23,095
LONDON UNITED KINGDOM

302
00:29:23,178 --> 00:29:26,723
Despite the threat, the population
global honey bee

303
00:29:26,807 --> 00:29:29,267
It's still in the trillions.

304
00:29:31,144 --> 00:29:35,899
And our passion for beekeeping
caused unexpected problems

305
00:29:36,024 --> 00:29:37,442
for wild bees.

306
00:29:39,569 --> 00:29:42,197
This little garden
in the heart of the city

307
00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:45,909
was specially designed
for bees of all types.

308
00:29:49,204 --> 00:29:51,456
This entire flowerbed
It's full of bees.

309
00:29:51,540 --> 00:29:56,503
One, two, three, four, five,
six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven

310
00:29:56,586 --> 00:29:58,714
You can see a bumblebee there.

311
00:29:59,673 --> 00:30:03,093
But this entire flowerbed
It's loaded with bees.

312
00:30:04,761 --> 00:30:07,180
And it's easy to think:
"That's great! Lots of bees."

313
00:30:07,514 --> 00:30:09,766
But the reality is
much more complex.

314
00:30:11,101 --> 00:30:16,440
These bees are not wild. Are
domesticated, they are more for breeding.

315
00:30:17,024 --> 00:30:20,068
And I'm sure the hive
One of them is not far from here.

316
00:30:20,152 --> 00:30:25,198
In London alone, it is estimated that
of 400 million bees.

317
00:30:27,034 --> 00:30:30,287
Forty times more
than the human population.

318
00:30:32,456 --> 00:30:35,584
Due to the incredible shape
how bees communicate

319
00:30:35,667 --> 00:30:36,793
and work as a team,

320
00:30:37,335 --> 00:30:41,590
they are usually the first
finding the new flower beds.

321
00:30:42,090 --> 00:30:44,718
They leave
the wild bees behind.

322
00:30:49,056 --> 00:30:53,477
But there's a wild bee here
trying to face them.

323
00:30:53,560 --> 00:30:55,687
In the corner of this
flower bed,

324
00:30:56,438 --> 00:31:00,025
I found
a small magical kingdom.

325
00:31:02,652 --> 00:31:04,654
And the king of this kingdom,

326
00:31:05,572 --> 00:31:08,241
here he comes, it's this guy.

327
00:31:09,993 --> 00:31:12,329
He is a male weaver bee.

328
00:31:14,581 --> 00:31:16,917
On the contrary
of the other bees in the patch,

329
00:31:17,000 --> 00:31:21,004
This male weaver bee is
Here to defend your territory

330
00:31:22,589 --> 00:31:24,299
a lungwort

331
00:31:25,383 --> 00:31:27,844
waiting for a female to show up.

332
00:31:28,595 --> 00:31:32,599
Anyone who enters your little
territory takes a beating.

333
00:31:34,142 --> 00:31:35,143
Bee.

334
00:31:36,144 --> 00:31:37,437
There he goes.

335
00:31:46,488 --> 00:31:48,073
Get out.

336
00:31:50,951 --> 00:31:52,035
Bee.

337
00:31:53,453 --> 00:31:54,830
There he goes.

338
00:31:58,542 --> 00:32:01,044
It's incredible how there is
so much action and drama

339
00:32:01,128 --> 00:32:02,671
in a small flowerbed.

340
00:32:06,842 --> 00:32:08,051
He is so brave.

341
00:32:11,388 --> 00:32:13,306
An invasive bumblebee.
He won't like it.

342
00:32:19,729 --> 00:32:20,730
Chaos.

343
00:32:26,236 --> 00:32:28,113
Now that the coast is clear,

344
00:32:29,239 --> 00:32:33,994
the bee he had been waiting for so long
may finally appear.

345
00:32:35,203 --> 00:32:36,246
Here comes the female.

346
00:32:41,209 --> 00:32:44,045
It will take off in a second
and go after that female.

347
00:32:47,299 --> 00:32:48,633
A little bit of mating.

348
00:32:51,303 --> 00:32:56,641
Right now, this little guy should
be paying attention to females.

349
00:32:58,894 --> 00:33:04,149
But he'd rather be chasing bees
who are eating in his territory.

350
00:33:06,193 --> 00:33:08,737
He must be exhausted.

351
00:33:12,449 --> 00:33:16,244
In the old days, to save the bees,
all you had to do was install a bunch of hives.

352
00:33:16,328 --> 00:33:20,624
But the reality is, when you
bring these new hives,

353
00:33:20,707 --> 00:33:23,668
is just
generating more competition.

354
00:33:25,212 --> 00:33:28,298
The important thing is to give the species
wild animals, such as the weaver bee,

355
00:33:28,381 --> 00:33:30,884
enough space and food
so they can prosper.

356
00:33:35,222 --> 00:33:40,393
Almost 25% of all bee species
wild animals are disappearing.

357
00:33:43,688 --> 00:33:47,567
But there is a wild bee that,
with a little help,

358
00:33:47,651 --> 00:33:50,278
is doing
a surprising return.

359
00:33:51,279 --> 00:33:54,574
YUCAT�N M�XICO

360
00:34:01,039 --> 00:34:02,457
A stingless bee

361
00:34:03,917 --> 00:34:05,293
is on watch.

362
00:34:07,754 --> 00:34:12,175
Her job is to guard the entrance
of the nest against invaders.

363
00:34:15,679 --> 00:34:20,308
And she is attentive
at all angles.

364
00:34:26,022 --> 00:34:29,192
Unlike other bees,
she has no sting.

365
00:34:29,776 --> 00:34:34,406
But who needs sting
when you have jaws like these?

366
00:34:36,241 --> 00:34:40,996
In the next two weeks,
she will stay here all day,

367
00:34:41,997 --> 00:34:46,501
protecting the colony so that the sisters
can focus on collection.

368
00:34:49,587 --> 00:34:50,964
The stingless bee feeds

369
00:34:51,089 --> 00:34:54,592
of more than 60 plant species
in the Mexican jungle.

370
00:34:57,512 --> 00:35:03,018
Without these vital pollinators,
the unique ecosystem could disappear.

371
00:35:07,272 --> 00:35:11,401
Back to the nest, our sentry
remains on maximum alert.

372
00:35:13,278 --> 00:35:15,572
Not only
to detect enemies,

373
00:35:16,948 --> 00:35:22,245
but also to know the time
to bend down when her sisters return.

374
00:35:24,581 --> 00:35:26,082
A dangerous job

375
00:35:27,959 --> 00:35:29,669
but someone has to do it.

376
00:35:32,380 --> 00:35:36,343
Because, inside,
is the real treasure.

377
00:35:40,597 --> 00:35:44,434
A future generation
of stingless bees in their cells.

378
00:35:51,232 --> 00:35:55,487
These bees were found
throughout Central America,

379
00:35:56,780 --> 00:35:59,699
but today the territory
of them has decreased a lot.

380
00:36:00,992 --> 00:36:03,411
Habitat loss
and the use of pesticides

381
00:36:03,536 --> 00:36:06,289
made their numbers
fell drastically.

382
00:36:09,000 --> 00:36:11,586
Human beings
have not been good to them.

383
00:36:16,257 --> 00:36:17,967
But this is changing.

384
00:36:22,138 --> 00:36:23,640
Hello, my little bees!

385
00:36:24,641 --> 00:36:25,892
My babies.

386
00:36:26,434 --> 00:36:27,811
How are you?

387
00:36:29,896 --> 00:36:33,441
Dona Antonia K� Yah
and its Mayan community

388
00:36:33,525 --> 00:36:38,238
rescued ancient art
the breeding of stingless bees.

389
00:36:46,329 --> 00:36:48,998
They could bite her,
but they don't.

390
00:36:51,042 --> 00:36:53,169
Antonia is on the team.

391
00:36:54,671 --> 00:36:57,632
The temperament
of the stingless bee is like this:

392
00:36:58,007 --> 00:37:00,552
if you treat them with love,

393
00:37:01,511 --> 00:37:04,180
they will return this love.

394
00:37:05,932 --> 00:37:07,225
They don't want to let go.

395
00:37:10,186 --> 00:37:11,604
They want to stay.

396
00:37:16,735 --> 00:37:22,282
Antonia offers the bees
a clean home, protected from the sun

397
00:37:22,907 --> 00:37:27,162
and surrounded by water,
so that other insects do not enter.

398
00:37:31,166 --> 00:37:35,587
But it doesn't mean that our guardian
take your work less seriously.

399
00:37:37,881 --> 00:37:42,969
With this reinforced security,
workers gain time to produce

400
00:37:43,052 --> 00:37:45,972
a very rare honey,

401
00:37:46,514 --> 00:37:49,517
coveted all over the world
for its medicinal value.

402
00:37:51,770 --> 00:37:53,354
Unlike other bees,

403
00:37:53,438 --> 00:37:56,316
who process honey
fanning it with their wings,

404
00:37:56,399 --> 00:38:01,154
the stingless bee transforms
the nectar in bubbles to evaporate the water.

405
00:38:05,033 --> 00:38:07,827
And then they keep it
in giant pots.

406
00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:18,087
The knowledge
of stingless bee farming

407
00:38:18,171 --> 00:38:20,507
It is passed from generation to generation.

408
00:38:22,008 --> 00:38:25,970
And any new helper needs
be presented to the bees.

409
00:38:26,846 --> 00:38:30,183
See, that's how it's done.

410
00:38:33,436 --> 00:38:38,441
Antonia harvests just 850 grams
of honey from each colony per year.

411
00:38:40,610 --> 00:38:44,155
A much lower amount
It is the production of a conventional hive.

412
00:38:46,282 --> 00:38:48,159
Creating the stingless bee,

413
00:38:48,243 --> 00:38:51,371
she is not just generating
a useful income for herself,

414
00:38:51,454 --> 00:38:56,751
but also helping a species
wild and the forest that depends on them.

415
00:39:05,927 --> 00:39:08,054
But global demand for honey

416
00:39:08,137 --> 00:39:12,976
depends on beekeepers
large-scale, like Ryan.

417
00:39:15,144 --> 00:39:20,400
His bees returned to Oregon
after pollination of almond trees

418
00:39:20,483 --> 00:39:22,527
to spend the rest
of the year producing honey,

419
00:39:23,486 --> 00:39:25,196
but they
faced difficulties.

420
00:39:26,531 --> 00:39:28,575
For us, this year was the worst.

421
00:39:29,826 --> 00:39:34,747
The percentage of bees
What we lost was more than 50%.

422
00:39:37,375 --> 00:39:39,460
My family keeps bees
there are five generations,

423
00:39:39,919 --> 00:39:42,338
and I'll tell you one thing,
this is not sustainable.

424
00:39:43,464 --> 00:39:46,634
So,
Ryan has an ambitious plan.

425
00:39:49,178 --> 00:39:50,680
With the support of the family,

426
00:39:50,763 --> 00:39:54,183
he is trying to do
what few have done before.

427
00:39:55,018 --> 00:40:00,148
We have 180 hectares that we are going to convert
in habitat for pollinators.

428
00:40:02,400 --> 00:40:05,486
It will be one of the biggest of all
the territory of the United States.

429
00:40:06,738 --> 00:40:10,116
Ryan is cultivating a huge
wildflower field

430
00:40:10,199 --> 00:40:12,327
that will sustain your bees

431
00:40:12,410 --> 00:40:16,706
and produce large quantities
of high quality honey.

432
00:40:17,874 --> 00:40:21,210
This is the sand point,
and the alfalfa is the little one.

433
00:40:21,294 --> 00:40:24,213
- They look like pebbles.
- Yes, aren't they beautiful?

434
00:40:24,297 --> 00:40:26,341
- Like Easter eggs.
- �.

435
00:40:29,093 --> 00:40:31,679
Ryan is creating
a mix of wildflowers

436
00:40:31,846 --> 00:40:36,893
which will ensure that there is always something
blooming between spring and autumn.

437
00:40:37,602 --> 00:40:40,271
- Ready to drive?
- Yes!

438
00:40:57,246 --> 00:41:02,669
Now all Ryan has to do is
wait for nature to take its course.

439
00:41:12,887 --> 00:41:13,972
Look at the color!

440
00:41:14,681 --> 00:41:16,307
Have you seen this color before?

441
00:41:17,767 --> 00:41:19,102
This is amazing, Ryan!

442
00:41:20,561 --> 00:41:22,939
- Let's look for some insects.
- Let's look for one here.

443
00:41:24,023 --> 00:41:27,318
Walking with the children
through flowery fields

444
00:41:27,402 --> 00:41:29,404
to show
all pollinators,

445
00:41:29,487 --> 00:41:32,573
not just bees, but everyone
the types of pollinators,

446
00:41:32,657 --> 00:41:35,326
like leafcutter bees,
solitary bees

447
00:41:35,952 --> 00:41:38,204
They are interested
in what you are seeing.

448
00:41:39,622 --> 00:41:42,333
It's quite an ecosystem
in that bush, huh?

449
00:41:43,084 --> 00:41:45,378
What is this? Wow!

450
00:41:45,461 --> 00:41:48,464
- It's a bee.
- It's a bee. There are two bees.

451
00:41:48,548 --> 00:41:50,341
- They're sleeping inside.
- Three.

452
00:41:52,927 --> 00:41:54,679
They were cold
during the storm.

453
00:41:54,762 --> 00:41:56,305
- My goodness.
- Are they dead?

454
00:41:56,389 --> 00:41:57,724
- They're sleeping.
- They didn't die.

455
00:41:57,807 --> 00:41:59,017
They're cold.

456
00:41:59,100 --> 00:42:00,893
They don't even realize
who are learning,

457
00:42:00,977 --> 00:42:04,230
but they are seeing
how the whole system works,

458
00:42:04,313 --> 00:42:06,899
from the seed,
To flowers and pollinators.

459
00:42:10,695 --> 00:42:11,946
Did you feel like it on your tongue?

460
00:42:12,030 --> 00:42:14,032
- You have to squeeze it to get out.
- Yummy, right?

461
00:42:14,115 --> 00:42:17,493
Is it a little bee now?
Are you going to go out there pollinating?

462
00:42:18,202 --> 00:42:21,998
Ryan hopes to abandon the journey
annual pollination of almond trees

463
00:42:22,081 --> 00:42:27,795
and focus on creating a system
of sustainable beekeeping here in Oregon.

464
00:42:29,088 --> 00:42:31,174
Create this habitat
for pollinators� 

465
00:42:32,759 --> 00:42:34,844
It's something I can
do to give back.

466
00:42:41,017 --> 00:42:42,685
We all have a role to play.

467
00:42:43,478 --> 00:42:46,981
We can plant more flowers,
or we can stop destroying them.

468
00:42:48,274 --> 00:42:50,401
Anyway,
It is a positive impact.

469
00:43:01,913 --> 00:43:02,955
31 DAYS TO WINTER

470
00:43:03,039 --> 00:43:05,541
With winter coming,

471
00:43:05,625 --> 00:43:09,670
the time has come to see
whether the hive is ready.

472
00:43:11,130 --> 00:43:12,298
Let's see.

473
00:43:16,886 --> 00:43:18,054
Wow!

474
00:43:18,971 --> 00:43:20,556
Look how much honey!

475
00:43:22,767 --> 00:43:24,936
You guys got busy.

476
00:43:26,229 --> 00:43:30,483
You can see that each of these honeycombs
It's simply full of honey.

477
00:43:31,025 --> 00:43:34,320
And on top is the cape
very thin membrane.

478
00:43:34,779 --> 00:43:38,533
It's as if the bees put
a lid on your honey jars.

479
00:43:39,784 --> 00:43:43,996
Against all odds,
the hive triumphed.

480
00:43:44,705 --> 00:43:48,334
They produced enough honey
to survive the winter.

481
00:43:52,421 --> 00:43:54,674
Good job, bees.
You guys did it.

482
00:44:05,059 --> 00:44:07,937
The honey bee
She will always be our faithful friend.

483
00:44:09,647 --> 00:44:12,191
But we have much more to be thankful for
than just honey.

484
00:44:12,275 --> 00:44:14,944
They are the key piece
in the pollination of our crops.

485
00:44:17,155 --> 00:44:21,492
It is worth remembering that there are
more than 20 thousand other species.

486
00:44:22,535 --> 00:44:26,372
And together, they are responsible
for a third of the food we eat.

487
00:44:30,168 --> 00:44:32,295
But many populations
are decreasing fast,

488
00:44:32,753 --> 00:44:35,715
with some on the brink of extinction.

489
00:44:38,050 --> 00:44:41,012
We are changing the world
faster than ever.

490
00:44:41,095 --> 00:44:43,306
And they can't keep up.

491
00:44:43,389 --> 00:44:45,975
Besides being a shame
that we are losing the bees,

492
00:44:46,058 --> 00:44:47,643
protecting them is a necessity.

493
00:45:19,425 --> 00:45:21,969
IN MEMORY OF ALASTAIR MacEWEN

494
00:45:23,387 --> 00:45:25,389
Caption: Jaqueline Gomes