1 00:00:03,484 --> 00:00:04,764 Indonesia. 2 00:00:05,844 --> 00:00:10,084 A unique series of islands full of life. 3 00:00:14,324 --> 00:00:18,444 pure sand, foggy forest... 4 00:00:19,644 --> 00:00:21,084 ...and a network of rivers... 5 00:00:22,204 --> 00:00:24,924 ...gives heaven for many iconic creatures. 6 00:00:29,444 --> 00:00:32,404 However, this tropical paradise... 7 00:00:32,644 --> 00:00:36,284 ...has also been invaded by cold-blooded animals. 8 00:00:37,844 --> 00:00:39,524 Reptiles from the ocean... 9 00:00:41,684 --> 00:00:43,044 ...controlling the coast... 10 00:00:45,804 --> 00:00:47,204 ...and even control the air. 11 00:00:52,804 --> 00:00:54,844 Indonesia's mammal paradise... 12 00:00:57,004 --> 00:00:59,604 ...also the dragon domain. 13 00:01:03,652 --> 00:01:27,409 DRAKOR-ID.COM Support by liking and sharing :) 14 00:01:29,004 --> 00:01:32,284 (INDONESIA'S WILDEST ISLANDS) 15 00:01:35,084 --> 00:01:41,044 (DRAGON REGION) 16 00:01:49,564 --> 00:01:53,044 Indonesia is spread across a chain of 17,000 islands... 17 00:01:53,804 --> 00:01:55,964 ...between Asia and Australia. 18 00:01:57,444 --> 00:02:01,884 Known as an archipelago, it is the largest island group in the world. 19 00:02:02,764 --> 00:02:05,404 Over 5000 kilometers along equator... 20 00:02:06,204 --> 00:02:10,284 ...from the western tip of Sumatra to the west of New Guinea. 21 00:02:13,244 --> 00:02:16,084 These islands are places with majestic landscape... 22 00:02:17,044 --> 00:02:18,404 ...and a variety of wildlife... 23 00:02:19,764 --> 00:02:22,684 ...both on land and at sea. 24 00:02:26,684 --> 00:02:29,924 Meanwhile the mammals have settled down in most of Indonesia's forests,... 25 00:02:32,324 --> 00:02:36,564 ...a group of creatures it seems have colonized the entire island chain. 26 00:02:38,884 --> 00:02:42,964 More than 700 species of reptiles have make Indonesia their home. 27 00:02:45,604 --> 00:02:48,151 Almost a fifth of the number worldwide total. 28 00:02:50,724 --> 00:02:54,924 In Indonesia the number exceeds the number mammals to more than 100 species. 29 00:02:56,044 --> 00:02:59,404 Very hidden, very beautiful... 30 00:03:00,244 --> 00:03:02,124 ...and often affectionate. 31 00:03:05,404 --> 00:03:09,284 Many of these hunters don't seem to changed since the time of the dinosaurs. 32 00:03:13,684 --> 00:03:17,764 Why Indonesia is heaven for cold-blooded creatures... 33 00:03:18,324 --> 00:03:20,924 ...maybe it won't be a mystery. 34 00:03:38,284 --> 00:03:41,284 Of all the reptiles that have been conquering the Indonesian islands,... 35 00:03:44,484 --> 00:03:50,124 ...nothing more great from estuarine crocodiles. 36 00:03:54,044 --> 00:03:56,604 Although the name refers on life at sea, 37 00:03:57,564 --> 00:04:00,044 ...he also lives within freshwater habitat... 38 00:04:02,164 --> 00:04:04,844 ...and Indonesia delivers many mix both. 39 00:04:09,444 --> 00:04:12,884 With a strong jaw more than 60 teeth... 40 00:04:13,444 --> 00:04:15,684 ...and it doesn't change for millions of years,... 41 00:04:16,524 --> 00:04:18,844 ...this is the symbol of the cold-blooded killer. 42 00:04:24,364 --> 00:04:28,924 Reaches a length of up to six meters and weighing more than a ton,... 43 00:04:29,764 --> 00:04:32,844 ...saltary crocodiles are reptiles largest in the world. 44 00:04:35,844 --> 00:04:39,124 It strikes fear in many people who often go to the river bank. 45 00:04:48,884 --> 00:04:52,684 Proboscis monkeys know to always avoid this predator. 46 00:04:56,364 --> 00:04:59,004 The male proboscis monkey has a nose larger than all primates. 47 00:05:01,164 --> 00:05:06,124 Apart from attracting females, The nose also amplifies the sound. 48 00:05:11,124 --> 00:05:12,844 Although they are good swimmers,... 49 00:05:13,564 --> 00:05:16,924 ...adult proboscis monkeys choose when to cross the river carefully. 50 00:05:21,164 --> 00:05:23,244 Juvenile proboscis monkeys aren't very wise... 51 00:05:25,404 --> 00:05:28,084 ...and easily become hungry crocodile meal. 52 00:05:37,404 --> 00:05:39,404 Adult proboscis monkey looking on danger in the water... 53 00:05:39,964 --> 00:05:42,084 ...and the proboscis monkey's nose males in action... 54 00:05:43,764 --> 00:05:46,204 ...their warning call echoed in the forest. 55 00:05:48,764 --> 00:05:52,164 Having fun playing, young proboscis monkeys didn't realize the commotion that was happening. 56 00:05:58,884 --> 00:06:02,524 Saltwater crocodile jaws three times stronger than a lion's jaw... 57 00:06:03,124 --> 00:06:05,124 ...and 18 times stronger than our jaws. 58 00:06:09,204 --> 00:06:12,084 Even the biggest proboscis monkey won't have a chance. 59 00:06:20,404 --> 00:06:24,524 A nervous juvenile proboscis monkey trying to cross the river,... 60 00:06:27,324 --> 00:06:28,324 ...but failed,... 61 00:06:30,124 --> 00:06:31,364 ...attracts the crocodile's attention. 62 00:06:37,604 --> 00:06:39,924 Luckily, this is sobering juvenile proboscis monkey... 63 00:06:41,244 --> 00:06:43,644 ...which immediately returns to safe trees. 64 00:06:59,084 --> 00:07:01,004 However, the opportunity to eat this one is missing... 65 00:07:02,324 --> 00:07:05,484 ...making this a powerful predator focus his efforts elsewhere. 66 00:07:10,404 --> 00:07:14,564 Despite its reputation, estuarine crocodiles also shows his softer side. 67 00:07:21,980 --> 00:07:26,980 Below the surface of the water, there are stages perfect for their courtship ritual. 68 00:07:29,604 --> 00:07:32,364 Blowing bubbles at each other express mutual interest. 69 00:07:47,284 --> 00:07:49,484 With a little caress addition of the male,... 70 00:07:50,724 --> 00:07:54,524 ...the female is impressed and allowing her to mate with him. 71 00:08:01,924 --> 00:08:05,284 The size of the male is three times larger and can destroy it... 72 00:08:08,764 --> 00:08:13,244 ...but he showed that gentleness rarely seen in some mammals. 73 00:08:27,004 --> 00:08:28,404 After six weeks,... 74 00:08:29,124 --> 00:08:34,364 ...the female is going to the river bank, digs a nest and lays 90 eggs. 75 00:08:44,037 --> 00:08:48,320 DRAKOR-ID.COM Support by liking and sharing :) 76 00:08:50,712 --> 00:08:55,472 Over the last 60 million years, shifting tectonic plates... 77 00:08:58,832 --> 00:09:00,352 ...and volcanic eruptions... 78 00:09:03,352 --> 00:09:05,552 ...has formed Indonesian archipelago. 79 00:09:08,272 --> 00:09:09,992 Thousands of islands scattered... 80 00:09:11,192 --> 00:09:15,232 ...making it a tropical region most geographically complex on earth. 81 00:09:20,832 --> 00:09:23,472 Lower sea level used to connect land... 82 00:09:23,992 --> 00:09:26,752 ...which allows animals move freely in this region. 83 00:09:29,072 --> 00:09:33,312 Eventually, sea levels rose to isolate the new island and its contents. 84 00:09:34,992 --> 00:09:37,232 Create diversity that we see today. 85 00:09:41,272 --> 00:09:42,992 Some islands are constantly changing,... 86 00:09:44,352 --> 00:09:47,952 ...while others received injuries violent geological past. 87 00:09:51,752 --> 00:09:55,072 Komodo Island is located to the south of these islands... 88 00:09:55,952 --> 00:09:59,506 ...in a small island chain in junction of two continental plates. 89 00:09:59,632 --> 00:10:01,872 (KOMODO ISLAND) 90 00:10:08,192 --> 00:10:10,872 Here, volcanic activity significant... 91 00:10:11,392 --> 00:10:13,872 ...forming a peak jagged island. 92 00:10:19,432 --> 00:10:22,192 This landscape may appear hostile to life, 93 00:10:24,032 --> 00:10:26,792 ...but actually a habitat for dragons. 94 00:10:33,352 --> 00:10:38,272 Reaches a length of three meters and weighing up to 90 kilograms,... 95 00:10:40,312 --> 00:10:43,152 ...the Komodo dragon is the biggest lizard on earth. 96 00:10:47,872 --> 00:10:50,632 Armored leather acts as natural armor... 97 00:10:51,912 --> 00:10:55,232 ...and a whip-like tail sweeping with incredible power. 98 00:11:01,432 --> 00:11:04,272 Even though it looks deadly and showing off muscles, 99 00:11:05,872 --> 00:11:09,672 ...they spend up to 70 percent of the morning they bathe in the sun... 100 00:11:12,392 --> 00:11:14,318 ...collect solar energy for... 101 00:11:14,444 --> 00:11:16,416 ...warms the body who is cold-blooded. 102 00:11:20,272 --> 00:11:22,952 Temperatures here can reach more than 40 degrees Celsius. 103 00:11:26,232 --> 00:11:31,072 Different from the Indonesian climate Other than that, this area is very dry... 104 00:11:32,472 --> 00:11:35,752 ...where the sun shines for more than seven months a year. 105 00:11:39,592 --> 00:11:44,152 Even though the rainfall is only 800 millimeters during the short monsoon season, 106 00:11:45,552 --> 00:11:48,432 ...the water supports the sac hard thorny plants... 107 00:11:49,752 --> 00:11:54,552 ...which provides food for buffalo and deer. 108 00:12:00,432 --> 00:12:05,432 And where there are deer, Komodo dragons can often be found. 109 00:12:20,510 --> 00:12:23,270 This giant reptile looks live peacefully... 110 00:12:23,392 --> 00:12:25,032 ...with fellow islanders. 111 00:12:28,743 --> 00:12:32,103 But every few weeks, his hunting instincts arise. 112 00:12:50,552 --> 00:12:52,312 Being at the top of the food chain,... 113 00:12:54,112 --> 00:12:56,306 ...the Komodo dragon attacks from the bushes... 114 00:12:56,432 --> 00:12:58,912 ...on anything that's enough stupid to be careless. 115 00:13:14,232 --> 00:13:15,792 Minor injuries this time... 116 00:13:17,472 --> 00:13:20,752 ...this deer thought he was spared without injury... 117 00:13:23,592 --> 00:13:25,232 ...but the Komodo dragon knows that's not true. 118 00:13:28,472 --> 00:13:31,952 He has a secret weapon in his jaw. 119 00:13:42,872 --> 00:13:47,112 To the west of this region, when sea levels fall,... 120 00:13:48,032 --> 00:13:51,312 ...many islands in Indonesia used to be connected to the Asian continent. 121 00:13:53,832 --> 00:13:56,072 This ancient land is known as Sunda Island. 122 00:13:56,192 --> 00:13:57,872 (SUNDA ISLAND) 123 00:13:58,752 --> 00:14:01,272 Apart from being a route migration for animals,... 124 00:14:02,152 --> 00:14:05,512 ...it also enables spread tree originating from India. 125 00:14:07,872 --> 00:14:11,712 Over the years, the tree dominance of the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. 126 00:14:14,912 --> 00:14:17,672 Covers three quarters of one million square kilometers,... 127 00:14:19,072 --> 00:14:22,072 ...Borneo is an island third largest in the world... 128 00:14:22,232 --> 00:14:25,672 (KALIMANTAN) 129 00:14:27,352 --> 00:14:30,352 ...and still have the oldest rainforest in the country. 130 00:14:33,352 --> 00:14:38,112 Known as meranti, tree This can grow up to 60 meters... 131 00:14:39,672 --> 00:14:41,872 ...and can live as long more than 500 years. 132 00:14:45,872 --> 00:14:48,986 A total of 240 species trees can crowd... 133 00:14:49,112 --> 00:14:52,312 ...an area of equal size with a football field. 134 00:14:56,432 --> 00:14:59,272 Ten times more than forests in the northern hemisphere. 135 00:15:04,072 --> 00:15:08,986 During the colonization of this large tree, certain reptiles began to evolve... 136 00:15:09,112 --> 00:15:12,272 ...in a way that will revolutionize their movements in the forest. 137 00:15:19,712 --> 00:15:25,712 With a length of about 20 centimeters, Dragon lizards are masters of disguise. 138 00:15:36,952 --> 00:15:42,072 The pigment in the skin makes this possible immediately changed from bright green... 139 00:15:45,792 --> 00:15:46,912 ...becomes tanned,... 140 00:15:49,392 --> 00:15:52,792 ...disguised himself from almost all within their habitat. 141 00:15:55,792 --> 00:16:00,792 Its sharp claws held on hard tree so that movement is easy. 142 00:16:02,752 --> 00:16:05,272 This adaptation is important for avoid predators,... 143 00:16:06,072 --> 00:16:10,272 ...also helps in attacking Its food is ants. 144 00:16:15,312 --> 00:16:18,552 However, sometimes it is useful also to be seen. 145 00:16:23,232 --> 00:16:26,472 Male dragon lizards guard their territory up to three trees in the canopy. 146 00:16:31,832 --> 00:16:37,432 A female dragon lizard looking for food in the area can be searched. 147 00:16:40,312 --> 00:16:42,712 It stretches bright colored skin... 148 00:16:43,032 --> 00:16:45,792 ...which is connected to his neck, which is called wattle... 149 00:16:51,672 --> 00:16:54,512 ...before doing a series free dance moves. 150 00:17:02,672 --> 00:17:04,912 It looks like the female is worth winning. 151 00:17:07,872 --> 00:17:09,272 Realizing that he is not alone,... 152 00:17:09,872 --> 00:17:12,109 ...the female shows off his wavy... 153 00:17:12,229 --> 00:17:14,616 ...simple as warning to back off. 154 00:17:19,152 --> 00:17:20,872 Determined to survive,... 155 00:17:21,712 --> 00:17:23,912 ...the male jumps from branch to branch,... 156 00:17:25,792 --> 00:17:28,872 ...chase him in order he changed his mind. 157 00:17:32,512 --> 00:17:36,832 If successful, he can have it up to five children,... 158 00:17:39,232 --> 00:17:41,432 ...passing on the genes to the next generation. 159 00:17:44,072 --> 00:17:46,112 However, his efforts seemed in vain. 160 00:17:49,312 --> 00:17:51,312 This tree is full of delicious ants... 161 00:17:52,952 --> 00:17:55,712 ...and the female is just interested to eat alone. 162 00:18:03,396 --> 00:18:08,676 In this vast forest, source Food can be spread far and wide. 163 00:18:11,516 --> 00:18:13,716 A tree that bears fruit sporadically inviting insects... 164 00:18:14,732 --> 00:18:17,412 ...which, on the other hand, is interesting reptile to a certain tree branch... 165 00:18:20,940 --> 00:18:22,580 ...and not just the legged kind. 166 00:18:26,235 --> 00:18:27,915 With more length than one meter,... 167 00:18:28,852 --> 00:18:33,212 ...paradise flying snakes too very comfortable in the tree. 168 00:18:38,756 --> 00:18:40,116 Prefer the middle canopy,... 169 00:18:41,013 --> 00:18:43,133 ...they usually are found at the edge of the forest... 170 00:18:43,516 --> 00:18:46,036 ...where it is easier to get energy from sunlight. 171 00:18:53,108 --> 00:18:56,508 Age and gender determine their patterns and colors,... 172 00:18:57,515 --> 00:18:59,115 ...which varies from black to green. 173 00:19:07,707 --> 00:19:11,267 Very strong muscles make them can hang from tree branches... 174 00:19:18,414 --> 00:19:21,872 ...and the curved bottom makes it they can hold onto tree protrusions... 175 00:19:21,992 --> 00:19:23,832 ...which is up to a few millimeters. 176 00:19:30,203 --> 00:19:31,483 In this forest,... 177 00:19:32,604 --> 00:19:36,124 ...certain reptiles find a way ideal for saving energy,... 178 00:19:37,212 --> 00:19:39,692 ...but still achieves their goal... 179 00:19:41,460 --> 00:19:43,980 ...and this snake is no exception. 180 00:19:47,148 --> 00:19:52,468 So strong, they can depend out of the leaves below. 181 00:19:56,740 --> 00:20:00,220 Choose the target, they maneuver into position... 182 00:20:09,651 --> 00:20:11,931 ...before jumping. 183 00:20:31,179 --> 00:20:33,939 Also known as paradise flying snake,... 184 00:20:35,132 --> 00:20:39,292 ...they're one of five species in a world capable of gliding. 185 00:20:41,171 --> 00:20:45,251 And in a split second can double its body width. 186 00:20:54,181 --> 00:20:57,285 They reached this sprawling position by widening their ribs... 187 00:20:57,460 --> 00:21:01,660 ...before surging with graceful up to 25 meters. 188 00:21:17,476 --> 00:21:19,156 Unbeknownst to the dragon lizard... 189 00:21:20,028 --> 00:21:22,548 ...waving his billows and chasing the females... 190 00:21:23,771 --> 00:21:27,211 ...unconsciously showing off his existence on nearby predators. 191 00:21:30,459 --> 00:21:33,379 Paradise flying snake is a lizard eater. 192 00:21:37,460 --> 00:21:38,700 With his big eyes,... 193 00:21:39,211 --> 00:21:42,851 ...he examines his surroundings and looking for food. 194 00:22:02,588 --> 00:22:04,948 But the dragon lizard is wearing Another trick from his myriad of tricks. 195 00:22:11,701 --> 00:22:15,141 Aim locked and right on time,... 196 00:22:16,755 --> 00:22:18,595 ...he can play too flying game. 197 00:22:31,324 --> 00:22:36,364 Named from the Latin word for dragon, lizards have retractable wings... 198 00:22:37,084 --> 00:22:38,684 ...which helps them glide through the air. 199 00:22:39,851 --> 00:22:44,771 Unlike snakes, the skin folds connected to his flared ribs... 200 00:22:47,340 --> 00:22:50,700 ...allows them to dive to land on its target. 201 00:22:54,052 --> 00:22:58,252 This unique body shape means lizard Dragons don't need to touch the ground... 202 00:22:59,996 --> 00:23:03,156 ...except when the females lay eggs during breeding season. 203 00:23:06,556 --> 00:23:08,596 With an escape plan executed perfectly,... 204 00:23:10,012 --> 00:23:13,292 ...the male can walk again- the path between the tree areas... 205 00:23:15,667 --> 00:23:18,267 ...and move on search for the female. 206 00:23:27,536 --> 00:23:31,759 DRAKOR-ID.COM Support by liking and sharing :) 207 00:23:38,104 --> 00:23:41,464 Meanwhile reptiles rule Indonesia by land and sea,... 208 00:23:42,984 --> 00:23:45,584 ...another group of animals arrived by air. 209 00:23:47,464 --> 00:23:50,664 Hot-blooded and now different from reptiles... 210 00:23:51,224 --> 00:23:55,104 ...birds of today are descendants of dinosaurs,... 211 00:23:56,624 --> 00:23:59,944 ...perhaps the most reptilian group honored who ever walked the earth. 212 00:24:05,864 --> 00:24:08,704 Birds have infiltrated every this island in the archipelago... 213 00:24:12,384 --> 00:24:15,584 ...and when the island of Indonesia was formed and change over time, 214 00:24:17,624 --> 00:24:20,544 ...different populations become isolated from each other. 215 00:24:24,504 --> 00:24:26,184 They evolve separately,... 216 00:24:27,064 --> 00:24:30,064 ...creating diversity what we saw at that time was extraordinary. 217 00:24:42,144 --> 00:24:46,384 Seventeen percent of bird species settled on the islands of Indonesia. 218 00:24:48,784 --> 00:24:52,064 Because there is very little air flow In the dense forests of this region,... 219 00:24:53,144 --> 00:24:56,664 ...trees depend heavily on birds to spread their seeds. 220 00:25:00,704 --> 00:25:04,544 The rhinoceros hornbill is one type the largest bird in the islands. 221 00:25:06,104 --> 00:25:09,384 The colored ornaments resembles the second half... 222 00:25:09,864 --> 00:25:12,624 ...is a characteristic as well hadrosaurids... 223 00:25:13,024 --> 00:25:15,624 ...who lives on this planet more than 65 million years ago. 224 00:25:20,544 --> 00:25:24,504 While there are many bird species throw the seeds in a small range... 225 00:25:25,664 --> 00:25:29,704 ...hornbills can fly up to 15 kilometers while looking for fruit,... 226 00:25:32,304 --> 00:25:35,824 ...which means the seeds are often thrown away very far from where he was eaten... 227 00:25:39,224 --> 00:25:42,544 ...and this plays an important role in the distribution of plant species... 228 00:25:42,824 --> 00:25:44,584 ...evenly throughout the forest. 229 00:26:10,118 --> 00:26:11,478 Returning to Komodo Island,... 230 00:26:13,158 --> 00:26:16,518 ...a predator ready to eating the results of the previous attack. 231 00:26:24,318 --> 00:26:26,598 Wounded deer getting weaker... 232 00:26:27,678 --> 00:26:30,198 ...and the Komodo dragon has was beside him. 233 00:26:34,238 --> 00:26:38,238 Unbeknownst to the victim, a weapon Komodo's secret has worked,... 234 00:26:45,118 --> 00:26:48,998 Poisonous spit has pierced the deer's wound,... 235 00:26:49,998 --> 00:26:51,718 ...attacking it from within, 236 00:26:53,478 --> 00:26:55,198 ...prevent the wound from freezing,... 237 00:26:55,718 --> 00:26:58,078 ...and causes stress the victim's blood drops. 238 00:27:08,278 --> 00:27:11,078 The lethal dose makes it his body was in a state of shock,... 239 00:27:13,718 --> 00:27:17,158 ...makes the deer too weak to continuing his fight for life. 240 00:27:22,038 --> 00:27:25,238 Komodo always knew that it's just a matter of time. 241 00:27:31,038 --> 00:27:34,598 The other Komodo dragons immediately kissed the food's potential. 242 00:27:40,398 --> 00:27:42,798 His forked tongue kissing in stereo... 243 00:27:45,678 --> 00:27:47,552 ...catching smells rotting flesh... 244 00:27:47,678 --> 00:27:50,398 ...which wafts through the air up to four kilometers away. 245 00:27:53,998 --> 00:27:55,318 Sharpening their targets,... 246 00:27:56,118 --> 00:28:01,318 ...this solitary animal is simply necessary big meal once a month... 247 00:28:02,558 --> 00:28:06,078 ...and gather to enjoy gift given. 248 00:28:08,678 --> 00:28:10,358 The feeding frenzy began. 249 00:28:26,038 --> 00:28:29,518 Forgetting due to circumstances, they are rare fight over food. 250 00:28:33,358 --> 00:28:35,558 Some additional joints in their jaws... 251 00:28:36,078 --> 00:28:38,518 ...allowing them to open unusually wide mouth. 252 00:28:43,478 --> 00:28:45,038 Their stomachs can expand... 253 00:28:45,238 --> 00:28:47,592 ...to accommodate 80 percent their own weight... 254 00:28:47,718 --> 00:28:48,798 ...in one meal. 255 00:28:55,198 --> 00:28:58,558 While large mammal predators leaving a third of the carcass,... 256 00:29:00,238 --> 00:29:02,478 Komodo will just leave only 10 percent. 257 00:29:06,798 --> 00:29:10,398 They swallow anything from skin to nails... 258 00:29:14,238 --> 00:29:17,678 ...make them one of the most efficient predator on earth. 259 00:29:36,838 --> 00:29:39,398 Long before the island chain Indonesia was formed,... 260 00:29:40,638 --> 00:29:43,998 ...some ancient creature changing their water house... 261 00:29:44,558 --> 00:29:46,438 ...become alive half terrestrial. 262 00:29:49,438 --> 00:29:51,998 Their descendants are known as an amphibious creature. 263 00:29:55,678 --> 00:29:58,718 Now with almost 300 species found in Indonesia,... 264 00:30:00,038 --> 00:30:04,438 ...human environment in the forest provide perfect conditions... 265 00:30:04,734 --> 00:30:06,094 ...for today's amphibians. 266 00:30:08,638 --> 00:30:13,198 Distantly related to reptiles, they are also cold-blooded. 267 00:30:14,078 --> 00:30:16,238 But they need to keep it in order their skin is moist. 268 00:30:21,478 --> 00:30:24,638 Some tree frogs make foam nests on leaves... 269 00:30:24,998 --> 00:30:27,078 ...which depends on over a river or puddle of water. 270 00:30:29,678 --> 00:30:31,158 Made with feet behind it,... 271 00:30:32,238 --> 00:30:34,838 ...this female frog uses lots of mucus... 272 00:30:35,918 --> 00:30:38,318 ...before placing the eggs safely inside. 273 00:30:44,318 --> 00:30:47,518 About 10 days later, tadpoles hatch... 274 00:30:48,438 --> 00:30:50,758 ...and fell out of the nest into the water below... 275 00:30:53,598 --> 00:30:56,598 ...and will stay in the water until they reach adulthood... 276 00:30:57,598 --> 00:30:59,878 ...when they began their existence residence on land. 277 00:31:03,638 --> 00:31:06,712 The life cycle of a frog gives insight into the challenges... 278 00:31:06,838 --> 00:31:11,038 ...which the early creatures faced when they moved from sea to land. 279 00:31:23,638 --> 00:31:28,198 When the first reptiles evolved, they develop scaly skin... 280 00:31:29,918 --> 00:31:32,558 ...as well as ejection capabilities hard shelled eggs. 281 00:31:34,718 --> 00:31:37,958 This prevents them and their future children are dry. 282 00:31:40,678 --> 00:31:43,278 As a result, they are free from water,... 283 00:31:44,078 --> 00:31:47,358 ...causing them to stand out on prehistoric earth. 284 00:31:53,438 --> 00:31:57,358 Warm-blooded mammals and birds processing food to function... 285 00:31:57,918 --> 00:32:00,238 ...and to maintain temperature constant body. 286 00:32:04,118 --> 00:32:07,358 For reptiles, heat is not produced through digestion,... 287 00:32:08,318 --> 00:32:11,598 ...so they rely on the sun to warm their bodies. 288 00:32:14,878 --> 00:32:17,358 The result is food requirements they are lower,... 289 00:32:18,398 --> 00:32:20,438 ...make them more energy efficient,... 290 00:32:22,318 --> 00:32:26,918 ...that is only 10 percent of needs the energy of mammals is the same size. 291 00:32:30,118 --> 00:32:34,158 And in Indonesia, the temperature is hot lasts all year... 292 00:32:35,918 --> 00:32:37,798 ...creating an environment perfect... 293 00:32:38,198 --> 00:32:40,758 ...for solar-powered reptiles to develop. 294 00:32:52,558 --> 00:32:54,678 Regarding previous relationships with a male frog,... 295 00:32:56,198 --> 00:32:59,958 ...this female estuarine crocodile ready to spawn. 296 00:33:05,038 --> 00:33:09,358 With strong hind legs, he build a mound on the river bank... 297 00:33:09,798 --> 00:33:11,438 ...by using plants nearby... 298 00:33:16,318 --> 00:33:18,518 ...before laying the egg is in it. 299 00:33:22,958 --> 00:33:24,438 The eggs rest indoors,... 300 00:33:24,598 --> 00:33:27,798 ...higher than the ground for protect their eggs from flooding. 301 00:33:31,678 --> 00:33:37,078 Over time, the plants will wilt, a process that also produces heat. 302 00:33:38,878 --> 00:33:40,958 This is important for embryo development. 303 00:33:46,198 --> 00:33:48,558 The gender of the babies not yet determined. 304 00:33:50,438 --> 00:33:52,592 Incubation temperature plays a role important role... 305 00:33:52,718 --> 00:33:55,798 ...in determining the baby male or female. 306 00:33:58,798 --> 00:34:00,918 Warmer temperatures result more males... 307 00:34:01,638 --> 00:34:03,478 ...and cooler produces females. 308 00:34:11,630 --> 00:34:14,710 He will guard his nest for the next three months. 309 00:34:17,693 --> 00:34:23,734 DRAKOR-ID.COM Support by liking and sharing :) 310 00:34:24,524 --> 00:34:27,478 In Indonesia, several reptiles have adapted... 311 00:34:27,604 --> 00:34:30,044 ...to make islands smallest of their houses. 312 00:34:33,164 --> 00:34:34,164 (KALIMANTAN) 313 00:34:34,284 --> 00:34:35,924 Sized half a square kilometer,... 314 00:34:36,724 --> 00:34:39,004 ...a small island on the coast of Borneo... 315 00:34:39,524 --> 00:34:43,524 ...has been the perfect home for water snake populations. 316 00:34:56,004 --> 00:34:58,364 This rocky beach,... 317 00:34:58,884 --> 00:35:02,204 ...becomes a hiding place perfect for these semi-aquatic creatures. 318 00:35:10,924 --> 00:35:12,924 In the gaps this safe and dark,... 319 00:35:14,004 --> 00:35:17,924 ...they court, lay eggs and digest their food. 320 00:35:21,204 --> 00:35:23,084 Known as a snake yellow gray sea,... 321 00:35:23,924 --> 00:35:27,004 ...they have bright yellow scales on the muzzle and mouth. 322 00:35:30,324 --> 00:35:32,244 During the three month season breed,... 323 00:35:32,924 --> 00:35:36,004 ...some male snakes are smaller gather around the females,... 324 00:35:36,484 --> 00:35:38,444 ...waiting for the opportunity to mate. 325 00:35:41,684 --> 00:35:44,164 But mating is not the only thing activities on the agenda. 326 00:35:55,404 --> 00:35:57,764 The length of the female snake more than twice as many male snakes,... 327 00:35:58,804 --> 00:36:03,324 ...measuring one and a half meters and weighs almost 2 kilograms. 328 00:36:07,124 --> 00:36:10,564 Most of his body weight are strong muscles... 329 00:36:11,337 --> 00:36:14,897 ...which encourages rocky environments that took him forward. 330 00:36:20,204 --> 00:36:21,724 But he didn't have time to stay silent. 331 00:36:24,804 --> 00:36:27,484 With the threat of being taken away by aerial predators,... 332 00:36:28,884 --> 00:36:32,204 ...he ran against the waves inviting. 333 00:36:42,604 --> 00:36:45,044 Here he is in his environment. 334 00:36:52,324 --> 00:36:54,724 Valve nostrils and salt glands... 335 00:36:55,364 --> 00:36:57,804 ...helping him to transition into this water world. 336 00:37:02,524 --> 00:37:07,204 Travel on a barnacled beach sharp can damage the scales. 337 00:37:11,284 --> 00:37:13,004 So tidying yourself up is necessary. 338 00:37:17,644 --> 00:37:20,724 Every few weeks, sea snakes will shed their skin. 339 00:37:24,044 --> 00:37:28,324 The surface of coral is rough and hard be the right place to hang out... 340 00:37:29,324 --> 00:37:30,564 ...and become an anchor,... 341 00:37:31,084 --> 00:37:34,324 ...so snakes can swim out of the skin. 342 00:37:39,164 --> 00:37:41,564 Apart from being a way to replace damaged skin,... 343 00:37:42,564 --> 00:37:46,004 ...molting helps get rid of parasites and algae from his body,... 344 00:37:46,884 --> 00:37:51,255 ...a common process in reptiles which is important for survival. 345 00:37:56,194 --> 00:38:00,120 DRAKOR-ID.COM Support by liking and sharing :) 346 00:38:09,576 --> 00:38:14,016 Indonesia has extensive beaches the largest coral reef in the world. 347 00:38:14,896 --> 00:38:17,856 Covers an area of almost 50,000 square kilometers. 348 00:38:25,616 --> 00:38:27,776 The submerged shores of these islands... 349 00:38:28,176 --> 00:38:31,216 ...becomes a proper surface for the development of coral... 350 00:38:35,496 --> 00:38:37,056 ...forming coral reefs... 351 00:38:37,456 --> 00:38:40,576 ...which has created the sea area the most diverse in the world. 352 00:38:43,416 --> 00:38:44,650 This is a place to find food... 353 00:38:44,776 --> 00:38:47,096 ...for the largest marine reptile in the world. 354 00:38:51,136 --> 00:38:55,216 Weighing up to 150 kilograms and one meter long,... 355 00:38:56,096 --> 00:38:59,616 ...green turtles often visit Indonesian reefs and beaches,... 356 00:39:00,496 --> 00:39:04,256 ...while migrating between Oceans Pacific and India. 357 00:39:11,456 --> 00:39:14,730 But this coral reef provides unusual function... 358 00:39:14,856 --> 00:39:16,016 ...for some of its visitors. 359 00:39:27,856 --> 00:39:33,210 Usually living alone, green turtles and hawksbill turtles gather... 360 00:39:37,420 --> 00:39:40,340 Rough coral head perfect for peeling... 361 00:39:40,738 --> 00:39:42,898 ...to get rid of barnacles on their shells. 362 00:39:47,964 --> 00:39:50,964 The final touches are completed by hungry cleaning fish... 363 00:39:51,460 --> 00:39:54,500 ...which removes parasites and algae smaller than their bodies. 364 00:39:58,660 --> 00:40:01,900 This two-way relationship making sure the turtles are clean... 365 00:40:02,396 --> 00:40:03,676 ...and the fish is full. 366 00:40:13,260 --> 00:40:17,020 The turtle can now continue migration across the ocean. 367 00:40:33,300 --> 00:40:37,020 Returning to dry land, chirping from plants... 368 00:40:37,460 --> 00:40:40,020 ...evoking the mother crocodile estuary for action. 369 00:40:43,020 --> 00:40:46,540 Usually when prey is abundant, he eats almost every week. 370 00:40:49,220 --> 00:40:52,740 But for the last 90 days, he guards his nest... 371 00:40:53,260 --> 00:40:54,740 ...with little to eat. 372 00:40:58,900 --> 00:41:01,860 Tonight's the time to the babies went into the water. 373 00:41:03,220 --> 00:41:07,460 Responding to their call, he digs the chicks out of the nest. 374 00:41:15,220 --> 00:41:18,380 Sharp protrusion on the snout they are known as egg teeth... 375 00:41:18,860 --> 00:41:20,700 ...help them solve their shell. 376 00:41:24,380 --> 00:41:27,660 If there are eggs that need help will be rolled slowly... 377 00:41:27,780 --> 00:41:30,700 ...between his mother's jaws to encourage it to hatch. 378 00:41:34,740 --> 00:41:38,580 Once free, carefully it taking her children to the beach... 379 00:41:42,100 --> 00:41:45,340 ...where they will remain by his side for several months. 380 00:42:06,460 --> 00:42:09,180 Although only measuring 30 centimeters,... 381 00:42:10,340 --> 00:42:12,700 ...they seem to fit with their reputation. 382 00:42:18,060 --> 00:42:22,140 With lightning fast reflexes and razor sharp teeth,... 383 00:42:24,780 --> 00:42:27,420 ...no creature is smaller from this mini crocodile that is safe. 384 00:42:35,020 --> 00:42:38,660 In eight months, the children's measurements this will double... 385 00:42:39,380 --> 00:42:41,300 ...and it will be quite big to live alone. 386 00:42:43,460 --> 00:42:46,454 However, it is necessary to say the least 10 years from now... 387 00:42:46,580 --> 00:42:50,380 ...until they are ready to search partner and have children. 388 00:43:00,060 --> 00:43:05,220 Indonesia is a reptile paradise on land,... 389 00:43:07,300 --> 00:43:11,260 ...under the sea and in the air. 390 00:43:14,580 --> 00:43:18,780 The tropical heat never stops giving energy in cold-blooded bodies... 391 00:43:20,420 --> 00:43:24,220 ...and other creatures galore So eat to share. 392 00:43:25,940 --> 00:43:29,140 Some permanent residents do not changed over millions of years. 393 00:43:30,740 --> 00:43:34,540 Other residents beat gravity and fly in the air. 394 00:43:39,180 --> 00:43:44,540 Meanwhile Indonesia is home which is ideal for furry creatures, 395 00:43:45,700 --> 00:43:49,730 ...it's also a perfect area for the dragons.