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From the USSR
Gosfilmofond collection

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The Shanghai Document

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This picture was made during Sovkino's
expedition to Shanghai in 1927.

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The author/principal: Yakov Bliokh
The co-author/camera operator: V. Stepanov

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The assistant/editor: L. Filonov
Titles by: V. Pertsov

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The population of
China is 475 million.

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Millions of former slaves
have been forever merged

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with the Soviet state
by the Chinese Revolution.

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Canton, Shanghai, Wuhan
are the names of Chinese cities
that are familiar to each of us...

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Following the Whangpoo river,
ocean-going steamships
approach Shanghai.

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Chinese junks are awaiting work.

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Foreign war ships are
the masters of this port.

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The dock for foreign trade companies.

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China is coveted by dealers
and profiteers of all kinds.

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Shanghai - a global port and
China's largest work centre.

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In 1926 over 200 million
pounds of goods were
transferred through Shanghai.

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For half-rouble per day.

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To unload a steamship
full of coal they need
approximately 40,000 baskets.

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At 14 o'clock -
everyone has done 200 baskets.

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Goods are brought
to steamships by junks.

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As a whole family...

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He's operating the crane winches.

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From the docks to
warehouses - on their shoulders.

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Not everyone in
the port is equally busy.

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On their own yachts.

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On speedboats.

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The masters of the port.

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The population of
Shanghai is over 2 million.

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The wealthy deceased.

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The poor.

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For a modest pay,
they dress up for an splendour.

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The poor of Shanghai hustle
and grind from early morning
until late at night.

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They make knives...

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They weave...

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They also weave roofs...

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Tired.

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They carve

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ornaments.

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The poor are tricked
by the street jugglers.

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They make shoes...

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The street kitchen.

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At the marketplace.

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"Fortune telling".

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"Asking the Buddha for protection".

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In between work.

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From this busy Chinese beehive
the foreign quarters and the concessions

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are hostilely and cautiously
fenced off with barbed wire.

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On the wide streets of
the foreign-owned property -
not all Chinese are allowed here.

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An English parade.

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The borders of the concessions
are protected by
the colonial forces - the Annamites.

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The foreign police are protecting
Chinese bankers and industrialists.

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In the exquisite gardens
by their mansions,

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they play the ancient
game of "MaJiang".

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Foreign schools are at
a service of new generation
of Chinese bourgeois.

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Mimicking Europeans,
bourgeois youths hurry to
participate in a sporting event.

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Rickshaws are running
faster than horses.

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In two years, a rickshaw
driver becomes an invalid.

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At the horse-racing.

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The jockeys are exclusively English.

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The Chinese bourgeois are flattered
to play alongside foreigners
at the horse-racing.

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Rich Chinamen are having a good time
on the roofs of multi-storey shops.

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They are especially fond
of the increasingly rare
marionette theatre.

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Chinese theatres feature the same
plays as 300 - 400 years ago.

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The foxtrot - the latest achievement
of "the European culture".

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Time quietly flies by...

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In the evening, junks are
coming back from work.

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The Chinese bourgeois are
having lavish celebrations
in honour of foreign imperialists.

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Foreign firms and banks,

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are in control of half the factories
and plants in Shanghai.

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At the match factory.

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In the atmosphere dense with
poisonous white phosphorus...

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women and children
work 12 hours per day.

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For 15 hours a day
they carry backbreaking loads.

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A rickshaw factory,

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is readying thousands
of "carriages" for hire.

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In the foreign quarters,

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under constant
military protection,

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the masters

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are training to play "land-ball",

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in order to maintain their figures.

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The human horses are getting hot.

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"Dear foreigners".

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"The European culture".

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At a children's party
held by a foreign concessionaire.

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The carousel is put
in motion by a Chinaman.

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Chinese kids.

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At the silk factory.

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From the age of six.

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8 kopecks for 12 hours work.

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Women - 30 kopecks
for 12 hours work.

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Babies are under the loom
with no supervision.

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By the looms,

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little proletarians
are being raised.

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A hundred thousand kids work
in Shanghai factories.

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Metal workers - the forefront
of the Shanghai proletariat.

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Textile workers - the mightiest
force of the Shanghai's proletariat.

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Factories offer gruelling,
low-paying work.

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They pass their modest homemade
food over the factory fence.

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They live on the outskirts,
in poverty and dirt.

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Not enough space on the ground.

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Over the last few years,
strikes are getting more frequent.

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Thanks to their persistent struggle
involving a large number of workers,

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in March of 1927, just before
the intrusion of Southern armies,

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Shanghai is finally in the hands
of the revolting proletariat.

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Armed workers' brigades.

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Around the foreign quarters,
fortifications were hastily built.

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Patrol airplanes flew around.

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Foreign troops were quickly deployed,
posing a threat to a revolutionary city.

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Indians.

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Revolutionary workers and students are
carrying the portrait of Sun Yat-sen.

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Rally after rally.

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Representing the enslaved India.

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For the foreigners' protection,
regular forces were deployed.

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General Chiang Kai-shek -
the traitor of the Chinese Revolution,
is making a speech.

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They were ready to use machine-guns
against the revolting workers.

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The searches started in
the working-class districts.

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General Chiang Kai-shek demanded

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immediate retribution.

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Disarmed workers are taken

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to the execution.

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At the foreign concessions,

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imperialists are testing
their powers...

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At the working-class' quarters...

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Fearing new inevitable revolts, cruisers
and torpedo boats get combat-ready.

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Fortifications continue
to be erected

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against the working-class,

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against the heroic
Shanghai proletariat,

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who maintained an iron-strong
will to win a victory.

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To the generals' treason, and
the terror, the workers responded
by organizing mass strikes.

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The End.