1
00:00:00,750 --> 00:00:04,913
<i>The following program contains
some nudity scenes.</i>

2
00:00:18,221 --> 00:00:21,556
<i>Hammer films established
what I consider to be...</i>

3
00:00:21,577 --> 00:00:24,306
<i>...the modern tone of
horror genre.</i>

4
00:00:29,129 --> 00:00:33,634
<i>Hammer was successful because of a
a certain alchemy and a certain magic.</i>

5
00:00:40,961 --> 00:00:42,454
<i>He was a very...</i>

6
00:00:43,413 --> 00:00:45,840
<i>...terrifying and shocking technicolor.</i>

7
00:00:45,884 --> 00:00:49,844
<i>They were the opposite of the ancient
Universal horror movies.</i>

8
00:00:56,705 --> 00:00:59,960
<i>When Hammer arrived, he took everything
on a completely different level.</i>

9
00:01:00,012 --> 00:01:02,395
<i>It felt different from everything
 the rest.</i>

10
00:01:12,551 --> 00:01:15,680
<i>Hammer Movies
gave us this incredible image of</i>

11
00:01:15,724 --> 00:01:18,524
<i>scary castles and vampires.</i>

12
00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:32,043
<i>And, suddenly, this little...</i>

13
00:01:32,508 --> 00:01:35,082
<i>...British studio became
in a power.</i>

14
00:01:35,103 --> 00:01:38,141
<i>It was something that people wanted
see more and more.</i>

15
00:01:38,923 --> 00:01:41,440
<i>A small
British film studio...</i>

16
00:01:41,921 --> 00:01:44,179
<i>...born at the beginning of the
1930s, </i>

17
00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:47,880
<i>came to define the entire genre of
horror cinema.</i>

18
00:01:48,760 --> 00:01:52,300
<i>From humble beginnings,
achieved legendary status,</i>

19
00:01:52,321 --> 00:01:54,470
<i>turning into a stone
cultural base</i>

20
00:01:54,491 --> 00:01:58,315
<i>that still entertains the public
and creators alike.</i>

21
00:02:00,181 --> 00:02:02,474
<i>We are about to embark
on a trip

22
00:02:02,495 --> 00:02:04,808
<i>by the Hammer Films chronicles.</i>

23
00:02:05,433 --> 00:02:08,996
<i>Exploring the lives of
the visionaries behind the scenes...</i>

24
00:02:09,552 --> 00:02:12,955
<i>...and how and why they created
such innovative films.</i>

25
00:02:13,684 --> 00:02:17,607
<i>And the lasting impact they have
had on cinema and culture.</i>

26
00:02:18,962 --> 00:02:22,946
<i>This is the story of heroes,
legends and monsters...</i>

27
00:02:23,198 --> 00:02:24,548
<i>...by Hammer.</i>

28
00:02:26,726 --> 00:02:30,702
HAMMER
Heroes, Legends and Monsters</b>

29
00:02:33,897 --> 00:02:35,672
Where did it all start?

30
00:02:37,640 --> 00:02:40,160
<i>Hammer was my father,
although it may seem surprising.</i>

31
00:02:40,754 --> 00:02:43,840
<i>Hammer Films started
as the production arm of</i>

32
00:02:43,880 --> 00:02:46,480
<i>a distribution company
called Exclusive Movies.</i>

33
00:02:46,625 --> 00:02:48,184
19 - Take 1.

34
00:02:48,320 --> 00:02:51,360
<i>It was a family business
run by two families.</i>

35
00:02:51,579 --> 00:02:53,840
<i>My grandfather, Enrique Carreras...</i>

36
00:02:55,594 --> 00:02:59,092
<i>...and a man named Will Hammer,
or Hinds.</i>

37
00:02:59,654 --> 00:03:00,688
<i>He was a...</i>

38
00:03:00,984 --> 00:03:03,128
<i>...successful businessman and
failed comedian.</i>

39
00:03:03,823 --> 00:03:06,084
And it failed because it really
It wasn't funny.

40
00:03:06,110 --> 00:03:10,111
Him and another guy were doing a double act
years ago, a comic double act...

41
00:03:10,620 --> 00:03:14,385
...because my father's business
I was in Hammersmith.

42
00:03:14,441 --> 00:03:18,018
And they called themselves Hammer and Smith.
That's where the name Hammer came from.

43
00:03:18,182 --> 00:03:19,284
William Hinds...

44
00:03:19,375 --> 00:03:22,600
<i>...he had his family business,
which was FW Hinds Jewelers.</i>

45
00:03:23,017 --> 00:03:25,368
He was someone who combined...

46
00:03:25,656 --> 00:03:28,253
...his hobbies and his ability
for the business.

47
00:03:28,280 --> 00:03:31,698
In other words, he liked
bicycles and had a shop.

48
00:03:31,719 --> 00:03:33,152
He had a bike shop...

49
00:03:33,342 --> 00:03:35,344
<i>...but also interest in theater.</i>

50
00:03:35,377 --> 00:03:39,198
<i>He had his agency, he presented his
own shows in their theaters.</i>

51
00:03:39,219 --> 00:03:41,252
<i>Gradually, his theatrical interest...</i>

52
00:03:41,280 --> 00:03:43,910
<i>took a different direction
when...</i>

53
00:03:43,991 --> 00:03:46,206
...when starting with your
film company.

54
00:03:46,277 --> 00:03:48,407
He was passionate about...

55
00:03:48,518 --> 00:03:50,652
<i>...making films at that time.</i>

56
00:03:51,151 --> 00:03:55,539
<i>That's why it was his idea to start the
production company with his name.</i>

57
00:03:55,842 --> 00:03:59,436
<i>Will Hinds gave him his stage name
to the fledgling company.</i>

58
00:03:59,566 --> 00:04:02,960
<i>But what about the other
creative director of Hammer?</i>

59
00:04:03,341 --> 00:04:05,863
<i>Enrique Carreras was Spanish.</i>

60
00:04:06,120 --> 00:04:08,442
<i>Then he came here in 1909...</i>

61
00:04:08,719 --> 00:04:12,825
...and it seems that he was quite bold,
an entrepreneurial type figure.

62
00:04:12,903 --> 00:04:15,173
He had a chain of movie theaters called...

63
00:04:15,243 --> 00:04:17,271
<i>...Blue Halls,
which he later sold to ABC.</i>

64
00:04:17,460 --> 00:04:19,539
And he had created Exclusive Films,

65
00:04:19,560 --> 00:04:21,394
which now distributed films.

66
00:04:21,563 --> 00:04:23,619
Will Hinds joined him.

67
00:04:24,111 --> 00:04:26,400
And that was in 1929.

68
00:04:26,546 --> 00:04:28,320
Hammer were two two families,

69
00:04:28,356 --> 00:04:30,836
the Hinds and the Carreras,
throughout its existence.

70
00:04:30,955 --> 00:04:33,047
- An interesting family.
- Very.

71
00:04:33,239 --> 00:04:37,199
They made five films between
the years 1934 and 1936.

72
00:04:37,613 --> 00:04:39,241
<i>The two notable ones were:</i>

73
00:04:39,310 --> 00:04:41,663
The Mystery of the Celestial Mary,
<i>with Bela Lugosi...</i>

74
00:04:41,692 --> 00:04:43,152
I didn't forget about you.

75
00:04:43,203 --> 00:04:45,267
...and <i>Song of Freedom,</i>
with Paul Robeson.

76
00:04:45,547 --> 00:04:47,461
<i>Paul Robeson was a great artist.</i>

77
00:04:47,482 --> 00:04:50,934
I would like to sing you a song
that I never sang in public.

78
00:04:50,960 --> 00:04:53,876
<i>It was a great blow to have
both in their films.</i>

79
00:04:54,785 --> 00:04:57,225
Unfortunately,
They didn't do it very well.

80
00:05:00,122 --> 00:05:03,899
<i>And the Hammer company,
By then, it stopped working.</i>

81
00:05:03,920 --> 00:05:08,040
They continued with Exclusive,
and he did quite well during the war.

82
00:05:08,107 --> 00:05:10,035
After the war,
Enrique's son...

83
00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:14,400
<i>...Lieutenant Colonel Jim Carreras
He returned and joined the company.</i>

84
00:05:14,658 --> 00:05:16,520
<i>This is where the...</i>

85
00:05:16,568 --> 00:05:19,088
...Hammer Films company
enters the scene.

86
00:05:19,493 --> 00:05:21,073
<i>It is often said...</i>

87
00:05:21,294 --> 00:05:25,684
<i>...that no one succeeds more than
a son who saw his father fail.</i>

88
00:05:26,546 --> 00:05:30,109
And I often think of that phrase
when thinking about James Carreras.

89
00:05:30,265 --> 00:05:32,547
-Who is that?
- Don't know!

90
00:05:34,375 --> 00:05:37,318
James went to the
Manchester Secondary School...

91
00:05:37,891 --> 00:05:42,262
<i>...where he came from at 16 without
no kind of aptitude for anything.</i>

92
00:05:42,492 --> 00:05:45,849
He was a salesman
absolutely personalistic.

93
00:05:45,949 --> 00:05:48,489
And there is a story that says that
He sold a car without an engine.

94
00:05:48,573 --> 00:05:51,613
I could sell them the proverbial
ice cubes to the Eskimos.

95
00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:54,640
James Carreras
He was exactly the type of man

96
00:05:54,680 --> 00:05:57,160
who had what they call
"A good war."

97
00:05:57,489 --> 00:06:00,840
<i>He was successful.
He was very loved by his people.</i>

98
00:06:01,265 --> 00:06:05,396
There was no nicer person
to work than Jimmy Carreras.

99
00:06:05,614 --> 00:06:07,618
He was a very handsome man
and distinguished.

100
00:06:07,926 --> 00:06:09,365
He was not a womanizer.

101
00:06:09,447 --> 00:06:11,153
He became a colonel...

102
00:06:11,460 --> 00:06:13,514
<i>...in a fairly short time.</i>

103
00:06:13,622 --> 00:06:16,483
<i>And he liked to be told
"The Colonel" after the war.</i>

104
00:06:16,520 --> 00:06:19,560
And then he came back and took over
of the company.

105
00:06:19,777 --> 00:06:21,440
The power is mine...

106
00:06:21,825 --> 00:06:24,794
...and I will use it as I please!

107
00:06:25,215 --> 00:06:27,403
<i>Well,
It was the classic type of...</i>

108
00:06:28,253 --> 00:06:31,240
...the old colonel,
a very well spoken person.

109
00:06:31,280 --> 00:06:33,960
<i>A straight man,
a very nice guy.</i>

110
00:06:34,169 --> 00:06:35,423
And that was when...

111
00:06:35,662 --> 00:06:39,861
<i>...Hammer began to accelerate his
 commercial activities.</i>

112
00:06:39,971 --> 00:06:42,371
Hammer's idea was to make money.

113
00:06:42,611 --> 00:06:46,515
And James Carreras had, obviously,
the idea of making money.

114
00:06:46,681 --> 00:06:48,168
Who can blame him?

115
00:06:48,200 --> 00:06:51,720
My father was a businessman.
A salesman. He was not a filmmaker.

116
00:06:51,760 --> 00:06:54,080
He was really good at chatting.
with the people.

117
00:06:54,560 --> 00:06:57,850
Our efforts would be
markedly less effective...

118
00:06:58,596 --> 00:07:00,735
...without your cooperation, gentlemen.

119
00:07:02,171 --> 00:07:06,112
<i>Through his social life and his
I work for the Variety Club...</i>

120
00:07:06,489 --> 00:07:07,520
<i>...that he loved...</i>

121
00:07:07,849 --> 00:07:10,101
...made contact
with American producers...

122
00:07:10,999 --> 00:07:12,250
<i>...what did they need...</i>

123
00:07:12,593 --> 00:07:15,367
...what we could call,
perhaps, a British producer...

124
00:07:15,719 --> 00:07:17,990
...with American stars
in decline...

125
00:07:18,383 --> 00:07:20,480
...to produce the calls
'quick installments'.

126
00:07:20,627 --> 00:07:25,080
There is no doubt that Jimmy Carreras,
with his charisma and handshakes...

127
00:07:25,341 --> 00:07:27,328
...inside the Variety Club...

128
00:07:27,654 --> 00:07:30,254
...he was a promotional genius.

129
00:07:30,800 --> 00:07:33,600
<i>With thanks to his skill,
James Carreras

130
00:07:33,648 --> 00:07:37,471
<i>was able to take advantage
the first crucial opportunity

131
00:07:37,500 --> 00:07:40,063
<i>which arose for its new
 producer.</i>

132
00:07:40,235 --> 00:07:43,045
<i>In a postwar action
for the economy to grow,

133
00:07:43,066 --> 00:07:46,886
<i>the UK government sought
boost the film industry

134
00:07:46,907 --> 00:07:48,909
<i>recording the movies
Americans,

135
00:07:48,941 --> 00:07:51,958
<i>creating greater demand for
their productions.</i>

136
00:07:52,528 --> 00:07:56,773
- You're lucky it worked.
- Luck? It's just the beginning.

137
00:07:57,875 --> 00:07:59,572
<i>So, James Carreras...</i>

138
00:07:59,593 --> 00:08:02,616
<i>Hammer refloated,
Hammer Films is back again,</i>

139
00:08:02,637 --> 00:08:05,150
<i>and they began to make small
productions.</i>

140
00:08:09,098 --> 00:08:10,370
Dick Barton was...

141
00:08:10,427 --> 00:08:14,065
<i>...in fact, a radio series
from the BBC Light programme,</i>

142
00:08:14,090 --> 00:08:16,382
<i>which was before The Archers.</i>

143
00:08:17,025 --> 00:08:18,720
<i>And so, little by little...</i>

144
00:08:18,839 --> 00:08:22,467
...we started making series
of radio characters

145
00:08:22,488 --> 00:08:25,341
and give them life in the cinema
first time.

146
00:08:25,705 --> 00:08:28,720
<i>And we had a program of
production of six films a year,</i>

147
00:08:28,760 --> 00:08:31,080
<i>All based on radio series.</i>

148
00:08:31,120 --> 00:08:35,227
<i>And little by little, beyond politics
of the company regarding change...</i>

149
00:08:35,247 --> 00:08:39,030
...of names,
Exclusive Films went to Hammer Films.

150
00:08:39,915 --> 00:08:44,190
And we were, at that time,
the first british company

151
00:08:44,256 --> 00:08:46,633
in having an ongoing relationship
with the USA.

152
00:08:46,733 --> 00:08:47,892
<i>And we got...</i>

153
00:08:48,249 --> 00:08:51,747
<i>...release movies in the US
low-budget British.</i>

154
00:08:53,001 --> 00:08:54,480
We did it!

155
00:08:54,577 --> 00:08:57,996
At Hammer, at that time,
James Carreras ran the company.

156
00:08:58,605 --> 00:09:02,641
And Will Hinds' son, Tony,
who had joined him...

157
00:09:02,975 --> 00:09:05,167
...is Hammer's main producer.

158
00:09:10,635 --> 00:09:13,592
TONY: <i>I went to see Jim Carreras.
We seemed to get along well.</i>

159
00:09:13,617 --> 00:09:15,379
<i>And he said to me: "Why don't you join?"</i>

160
00:09:15,400 --> 00:09:18,600
<i>I had just left the air force
and I had nothing to do.</i>

161
00:09:18,912 --> 00:09:21,007
<i>So, we got together.</i>

162
00:09:21,252 --> 00:09:22,499
I joined the company.

163
00:09:22,549 --> 00:09:25,707
In production and later
in the script part...

164
00:09:26,074 --> 00:09:27,342
...Anthony Hinds was...

165
00:09:28,101 --> 00:09:30,160
...a very important force
in Hammer.

166
00:09:30,423 --> 00:09:33,240
He was born in 1922, in London.

167
00:09:33,847 --> 00:09:37,120
<i>When he left the RAF,
after the war...</i>

168
00:09:37,150 --> 00:09:39,459
<i>they were doing</i>
Death in High Heels

169
00:09:39,480 --> 00:09:42,440
<i>And the producer disappeared,
He was absent without permission.</i>

170
00:09:42,554 --> 00:09:44,200
They hired Tony Hinds...

171
00:09:44,255 --> 00:09:47,600
<i>...and he did a good job and
It was the beginning, since then.</i>

172
00:09:47,640 --> 00:09:51,240
And something really happens
extraordinary, creative talent

173
00:09:51,261 --> 00:09:53,021
that no one dreamed of having there.

174
00:09:53,103 --> 00:09:56,194
And in a way, that's where
we identify, I think,

175
00:09:56,214 --> 00:09:58,139
the characteristic
than Hammer was.

176
00:09:58,160 --> 00:09:59,880
Tony Hinds was a filmmaker.

177
00:09:59,920 --> 00:10:02,320
Tony Hinds was better
filmmaker than me.

178
00:10:02,463 --> 00:10:05,244
It was, well,
an accomplished filmmaker.

179
00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:07,040
Tony lived to make movies.

180
00:10:07,080 --> 00:10:08,840
Anthony, in particular,

181
00:10:08,880 --> 00:10:11,891
is what we could call
a producer-author.

182
00:10:12,372 --> 00:10:16,574
<i>Because his mark is visible in all
the films he worked on,</i>

183
00:10:16,595 --> 00:10:19,925
<i>whether in production,
in his role as producer...</i>

184
00:10:20,464 --> 00:10:22,161
...or as a screenwriter,

185
00:10:22,181 --> 00:10:24,662
which made
often under the pseudonym John Elder.

186
00:10:24,896 --> 00:10:27,938
It was a joke about an old man
Hammer director

187
00:10:27,958 --> 00:10:29,471
<i>named James Elder Wills.</i>

188
00:10:29,999 --> 00:10:31,120
<i>He took the name from there.</i>

189
00:10:31,160 --> 00:10:33,172
<i>The Daily Cinema described it as</i>

190
00:10:33,192 --> 00:10:36,139
<i>"A doctor of theology ready
taking their final exams."</i>

191
00:10:36,257 --> 00:10:39,201
There is one thing that made
It angered everyone.

192
00:10:39,637 --> 00:10:41,969
He decided to put a microphone...

193
00:10:42,856 --> 00:10:44,255
<i>...on stage...</i>

194
00:10:44,781 --> 00:10:46,858
<i>...connected to your office.</i>

195
00:10:47,088 --> 00:10:49,377
<i>So, in any
moment I could hear

196
00:10:49,397 --> 00:10:51,722
<i>what was happening on the set.</i>

197
00:10:52,210 --> 00:10:56,315
<i>And if he heard that they were not
filming and something had happened...</i>

198
00:10:56,611 --> 00:11:00,386
...he knew the schedules,
then I was running to...

199
00:11:00,871 --> 00:11:02,754
...study and solved it.

200
00:11:03,095 --> 00:11:05,032
Nose stuck to the wall.

201
00:11:07,680 --> 00:11:10,400
It was often said that,
If they were late...

202
00:11:10,672 --> 00:11:14,300
<i>...ripped a page from the script
and voila, we are up to date.</i>

203
00:11:14,480 --> 00:11:18,480
<i>And he was a highly revered producer.
within the Hammer company.</i>

204
00:11:18,797 --> 00:11:21,370
<i>And Michael Carreras
He started as his assistant.</i>

205
00:11:24,854 --> 00:11:27,290
I would say that, of the monsters
by Hammer...

206
00:11:28,658 --> 00:11:31,197
...like all monsters,
They are good and bad.

207
00:11:31,483 --> 00:11:34,600
And I would say they are James Carreras
and Michael Carreras.

208
00:11:35,854 --> 00:11:38,480
<i>You know,
men who created greatness.</i>

209
00:11:39,364 --> 00:11:41,401
And yet,
something inside...

210
00:11:42,208 --> 00:11:44,560
...prevented them from communicating...

211
00:11:44,759 --> 00:11:47,286
...or achieve peace within themselves.

212
00:11:47,520 --> 00:11:49,800
And that is the essence of what
It's a monster.

213
00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:52,541
When I first introduced myself
to work as a cadet,

214
00:11:52,613 --> 00:11:55,827
<i>...on Wardour Street,
very soon, luckily...</i>

215
00:11:56,010 --> 00:11:58,909
...with influence, I became
Advertising Director.

216
00:11:59,560 --> 00:12:03,700
<i>Which meant putting six
black and white photos and a poster,</i>

217
00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:05,189
<i>in an envelope...

218
00:12:05,458 --> 00:12:08,579
<i>...and send it to the cinema I was going to
show an exclusive movie.</i>

219
00:12:08,627 --> 00:12:10,484
And since no one else did,

220
00:12:10,520 --> 00:12:14,120
I was Advertising Director
minutes of entering the company.

221
00:12:14,160 --> 00:12:16,400
The fastest rise ever
has occurred.

222
00:12:16,738 --> 00:12:18,634
Michael Henry Carreras was born in...

223
00:12:18,721 --> 00:12:21,760
<i>...London,
on December 21, 1927.</i>

224
00:12:21,934 --> 00:12:24,733
<i>His parents were
James Carreras and Vera Smart.</i>

225
00:12:24,781 --> 00:12:28,237
There seemed to be a very uncomfortable
relationship between father and son.

226
00:12:28,334 --> 00:12:30,483
James Carreras was the architect...

227
00:12:30,594 --> 00:12:34,087
<i>...from Hammer, from a point of view
business view. Michael had...</i>

228
00:12:35,120 --> 00:12:37,720
...you know, multi-talented.
But it wasn't his father.

229
00:12:37,760 --> 00:12:39,408
He was not a businessman.

230
00:12:39,494 --> 00:12:42,068
Michael was a creative force
in Hammer.

231
00:12:42,264 --> 00:12:45,363
<i>The different skills
contributed by father and son</i>

232
00:12:45,384 --> 00:12:47,928
<i>they were initially a great
benefit for Hammer.</i>

233
00:12:47,949 --> 00:12:49,087
<i>But, over time,</i>

234
00:12:49,108 --> 00:12:52,324
<i>Michael's approach to
creativity above business,</i>

235
00:12:52,344 --> 00:12:54,440
<i>it could turn against you.</i>

236
00:12:54,690 --> 00:12:59,360
Michael was born when James was
only 21 and I think it was a surprise.

237
00:12:59,460 --> 00:13:02,400
Your family history is
impregnated with the terrifying.

238
00:13:02,780 --> 00:13:05,805
And in things that are
practically gothic.

239
00:13:06,200 --> 00:13:10,280
I'm not sure if James really
I wanted to have a child at that age.

240
00:13:10,441 --> 00:13:14,508
Did James want to be a father?
In fact, I suspect so...

241
00:13:15,198 --> 00:13:16,630
...but not at that moment.

242
00:13:16,942 --> 00:13:20,277
I don't know why I put up with everything,
I should have drowned you at birth.

243
00:13:20,298 --> 00:13:21,680
Thank you, Father.

244
00:13:21,843 --> 00:13:25,527
His father, James,
He ended up putting his mother...

245
00:13:25,675 --> 00:13:28,680
<i>...Vera,
in a sanatorium for a while.</i>

246
00:13:28,748 --> 00:13:30,229
It is a gothic allegory.

247
00:13:30,250 --> 00:13:33,600
And Michael had to go
live with his grandparents.

248
00:13:33,640 --> 00:13:36,320
"I'm going to disown my son
and send him to the field."

249
00:13:36,360 --> 00:13:39,595
It's like a horror movie
victorian gothic,

250
00:13:39,616 --> 00:13:41,634
which is exactly where
they found their,

251
00:13:41,655 --> 00:13:43,707
ironically,
his power and his strength.

252
00:13:43,782 --> 00:13:46,283
The most curious family history.

253
00:13:46,720 --> 00:13:49,408
Michael was kind
and of a jovial nature.

254
00:13:49,434 --> 00:13:53,136
He was involved in all the movies
and with the people who worked on them.

255
00:13:53,157 --> 00:13:56,365
<i>He was very good at bringing together
creative people.</i>

256
00:13:56,400 --> 00:13:59,080
<i>He was a producer who
involved.</i>

257
00:13:59,120 --> 00:14:00,640
<i>Michael Carreras did everything.</i>

258
00:14:00,661 --> 00:14:03,479
With electrical appliances,
with the sound, with the casting.

259
00:14:03,687 --> 00:14:05,880
He had the best sense of humor.

260
00:14:06,426 --> 00:14:08,520
<i>My God. It made me laugh a lot.</i>

261
00:14:08,553 --> 00:14:10,506
<i>Michael Carreras and Tony Hinds,</i>

262
00:14:10,527 --> 00:14:12,716
<i>with your skills
and personalities, </i>

263
00:14:12,737 --> 00:14:14,459
<i>they turned out to be an unlikely...</i>

264
00:14:15,006 --> 00:14:16,709
<i>...but a successful couple.</i>

265
00:14:16,840 --> 00:14:20,468
We were total opposites,
and it was also great, because...

266
00:14:20,489 --> 00:14:23,697
he liked to do a certain type
of movies, which I don't like,

267
00:14:23,718 --> 00:14:26,360
and I liked making certain movies
that not him.

268
00:14:26,969 --> 00:14:30,181
<i>It was like they had a certain
instinct for the genre,</i>

269
00:14:30,203 --> 00:14:31,114
<i>it seems to me.</i>

270
00:14:31,331 --> 00:14:33,992
<i>Adventure, suspense,
cloaks and swords...</i>

271
00:14:34,190 --> 00:14:36,390
<i>...everything that was a
Gothic ingredient.</i>

272
00:14:36,612 --> 00:14:39,209
They made one movie at a time,
and the same team...

273
00:14:39,356 --> 00:14:42,321
<i>...he returned film after film
after movie.</i>

274
00:14:42,342 --> 00:14:45,200
<i>They were the envy of the
British film industry.</i>

275
00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:49,239
REYNOLDS: <i>Did you realize that
You worked in a special company.</i>

276
00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:53,618
When we were going to do paperwork and
you said you were from Hammer Films...

277
00:14:54,079 --> 00:14:57,277
...so everyone knew
who they were talking to.

278
00:14:59,341 --> 00:15:01,783
<i>The changing winds of
media</i>

279
00:15:01,804 --> 00:15:04,339
<i>they were about to
blow in favor of Hammer.</i>

280
00:15:04,777 --> 00:15:06,760
<i>Although, they still didn't realize it.</i>

281
00:15:06,800 --> 00:15:08,979
<i>The cottage industry approach
by Hammer,</i>

282
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:11,728
<i>using the same people
over and over again,

283
00:15:11,749 --> 00:15:13,468
<i>it was beginning to bear fruit.</i>

284
00:15:13,489 --> 00:15:17,938
<i>I was about to allow them
take advantage of another opportunity.</i>

285
00:15:18,560 --> 00:15:21,766
We are on the verge of a new
discovery dimension.

286
00:15:22,243 --> 00:15:24,887
It is a great opportunity to
leave our vices behind.

287
00:15:25,091 --> 00:15:29,327
<i>1953 is really a year
 crucial for British television.</i>

288
00:15:29,353 --> 00:15:30,290
<i>Historically...</i>

289
00:15:30,738 --> 00:15:34,280
...radio had always been
the nation's favorite medium.

290
00:15:34,385 --> 00:15:36,723
The most important thing that happened in
1953 is that

291
00:15:36,743 --> 00:15:39,183
more people had televisions,
due to...

292
00:15:39,484 --> 00:15:40,738
<i>...the Coronation.</i>

293
00:15:41,096 --> 00:15:43,082
<i>More people bought a television</i>

294
00:15:43,103 --> 00:15:46,026
<i>in the months leading up to the
coronation than in any of the...</i>

295
00:15:46,277 --> 00:15:49,262
...previous months.
In 1953 and until...

296
00:15:49,570 --> 00:15:52,720
...several years later, television
It was BBC television.

297
00:15:52,920 --> 00:15:55,154
<i>There is nothing else in the country,
only one channel.</i>

298
00:15:55,200 --> 00:15:58,164
And many of the works that
what happened were adaptations...

299
00:15:58,534 --> 00:16:01,437
...of plays or
based on novels.

300
00:16:01,564 --> 00:16:04,611
There wasn't much to
was really original.

301
00:16:04,844 --> 00:16:07,321
And, in the BBC script unit,
there were two people.

302
00:16:07,342 --> 00:16:09,171
Nigel Kneale and George Kerr.

303
00:16:14,112 --> 00:16:17,278
Nigel Kneale was an actor and
enormously talented writer.

304
00:16:17,319 --> 00:16:18,188
Enormous.

305
00:16:20,532 --> 00:16:24,289
<i>My name is Matthew Kneale,
and my dad...</i>

306
00:16:25,125 --> 00:16:26,819
<i>...it was Nigel Kneale.</i>

307
00:16:26,926 --> 00:16:28,501
11 - Take 1.

308
00:16:29,233 --> 00:16:31,392
Nigel Kneale was a...

309
00:16:32,644 --> 00:16:35,199
He had a fight, very famous,
with...

310
00:16:35,927 --> 00:16:37,840
...John Carpenter, in Hollywood.

311
00:16:37,925 --> 00:16:41,065
He was not a good man.
Not pleasant at all.

312
00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:44,760
<i>I wish Nigel Kneale had
been a little happier in everything.</i>

313
00:16:45,165 --> 00:16:48,923
He created Quatermass, one of the texts
science fiction founders.

314
00:16:49,060 --> 00:16:53,094
<i>It was a television milestone,
and later it was a milestone in cinema.</i>

315
00:16:53,604 --> 00:16:55,880
It influenced a lot of what
came later.

316
00:16:58,250 --> 00:17:01,963
<i>Three men went outside,
only one of them returned.</i>

317
00:17:02,321 --> 00:17:04,800
<i>She came back as a stranger and
deformed creature.</i>

318
00:17:04,840 --> 00:17:08,353
<i>Bewitched and possessed by something
beyond human understanding.</i>

319
00:17:08,479 --> 00:17:09,286
And...

320
00:17:09,698 --> 00:17:13,723
...it doesn't seem to have made him very happy,
and I think that's a shame.

321
00:17:13,760 --> 00:17:15,360
Don't cry, please.

322
00:17:15,429 --> 00:17:17,633
probably
<i>The Curse of Frankenstein</i>

323
00:17:17,691 --> 00:17:19,976
It would never have been made if Nigel Kneale...

324
00:17:20,129 --> 00:17:22,769
...I wouldn't have done Quatermass
 on TV.

325
00:17:22,925 --> 00:17:26,880
<i>My father was actually born
in Barrow-in-Furness.</i>

326
00:17:26,920 --> 00:17:29,080
And both of his parents were from
Isle of Man.

327
00:17:29,124 --> 00:17:33,369
<i>The Isle of Man is full of
legend and folklore, and impregnated...</i>

328
00:17:33,986 --> 00:17:36,322
<i>...if we see how he wrote
the dialogues...</i>

329
00:17:36,470 --> 00:17:37,960
...steeped in oral tradition.

330
00:17:38,000 --> 00:17:41,760
<i>I had developed a certain
dermal sensitivity to sunlight.</i>

331
00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:44,760
And for him something like a kind
from "Curse of Man".

332
00:17:44,994 --> 00:17:47,794
Throughout his life he had to
be away from the sun.

333
00:17:47,976 --> 00:17:50,343
<i>His brother told me a phrase
wonderful:</i>

334
00:17:50,438 --> 00:17:53,127
"Nigel was always walking
in the shadows."

335
00:17:56,644 --> 00:17:58,611
I think it's pretty easy

336
00:17:58,631 --> 00:18:02,506
imagine what someone could do
who had that condition

337
00:18:02,527 --> 00:18:04,294
At that time: he stayed reading.

338
00:18:04,899 --> 00:18:07,000
<i>What does that do to your imagination?</i>

339
00:18:07,648 --> 00:18:09,480
Kneale always wrote stories.

340
00:18:09,688 --> 00:18:13,120
<i>Many of which are based on
the Manx folklore of his childhood.</i>

341
00:18:13,160 --> 00:18:16,456
He was a very interesting writer...

342
00:18:17,229 --> 00:18:18,600
...and progressive thinker.

343
00:18:18,643 --> 00:18:22,803
He went to London
and trained as an actor at RADA.

344
00:18:22,840 --> 00:18:24,760
And when it was over,

345
00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:27,340
his short stories were
published in one volume.

346
00:18:27,475 --> 00:18:30,153
<i>I think he was interested in the point
meeting...</i>

347
00:18:30,292 --> 00:18:32,636
...of the rational and the irrational.

348
00:18:33,183 --> 00:18:35,916
and won the prize
Somerset Maugham and thought...

349
00:18:36,008 --> 00:18:38,865
<i>...dedicate yourself to writing,
write books, texts.</i>

350
00:18:38,890 --> 00:18:41,884
<i>He traveled through Europe.
with the money he received from

351
00:18:41,920 --> 00:18:43,528
<i>Somerset Maugham Award.</i>

352
00:18:43,906 --> 00:18:45,806
<i>He came back expecting to be...</i>

353
00:18:46,200 --> 00:18:48,480
...rich for his royalties,
and I had nothing.

354
00:18:49,121 --> 00:18:51,160
Where is my money?
Where is?

355
00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:54,080
He looked for work there and found
something on the BBC.

356
00:18:54,120 --> 00:18:55,909
And he became a screenwriter.

357
00:18:56,040 --> 00:18:59,038
In 1953, there was a gap between
the projects...

358
00:18:59,487 --> 00:19:02,233
...of six weeks, where I needed...

359
00:19:03,142 --> 00:19:06,793
<i>...provide them with something.
And it had to be an original work.</i>

360
00:19:07,073 --> 00:19:09,807
His hands were relatively
free and...

361
00:19:10,000 --> 00:19:14,555
...he came up with the idea of a series
science fiction called Quatermass.

362
00:19:15,214 --> 00:19:17,295
<i>And it was the beginning of everything.</i>

363
00:19:18,472 --> 00:19:20,206
It could be significant.

364
00:19:20,626 --> 00:19:24,284
The <i>Quatermass Experiment</i>
original, it was the most modern...

365
00:19:24,629 --> 00:19:28,869
...current science fiction thriller
which was broadcast on television.

366
00:19:29,066 --> 00:19:31,241
Kneale was definitely
 influenced by

367
00:19:31,270 --> 00:19:33,240
what was happening in the real world.

368
00:19:33,386 --> 00:19:35,419
<i>1953 is the time when</i>

369
00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:39,061
<i>the idea of the space race
I was just getting started.</i>

370
00:19:39,082 --> 00:19:41,803
<i>The idea of: "Well,
We send rockets into space."</i>

371
00:19:42,306 --> 00:19:45,430
<i>"What happens if we do that?"
"What will they bring back?"</i>

372
00:19:45,450 --> 00:19:46,558
<i>"What will they find?"</i>

373
00:19:46,631 --> 00:19:49,280
When Kneale wrote the synopsis
original of the story...

374
00:19:49,379 --> 00:19:51,677
<i>...there was a character
called Professor Charlton.</i>

375
00:19:51,698 --> 00:19:54,844
<i>As I developed it,
I wanted to give it a better name.</i>

376
00:19:54,880 --> 00:19:56,203
He looked at the phone book...

377
00:19:56,263 --> 00:19:57,429
<i>...and on the Isle of Man,</i>

378
00:19:57,450 --> 00:19:59,814
<i>many names,
in fact, almost all surnames

379
00:19:59,835 --> 00:20:01,330
<i>they begin with K or QU.</i>

380
00:20:01,475 --> 00:20:02,992
And he found Quatermass.

381
00:20:03,466 --> 00:20:05,036
<i>He had a good eye for the name,</i>

382
00:20:05,057 --> 00:20:07,648
<i>and I think "mass"
It sounded kind of scientific.</i>

383
00:20:07,680 --> 00:20:10,620
<i>It's a dramatic name,
so it was a good choice.</i>

384
00:20:11,653 --> 00:20:15,194
The Quatermass Experiment series
 It was a real success.

385
00:20:15,247 --> 00:20:18,400
The ratings were good,
the reviews were very good.

386
00:20:18,440 --> 00:20:23,026
Even before it was over
there were conversations about

387
00:20:23,147 --> 00:20:24,492
 make a movie

388
00:20:24,544 --> 00:20:26,450
<i>Tony Hinds and others at Hammer</i>

389
00:20:26,471 --> 00:20:29,219
<i>they pricked up their ears, and then
Hammer made an offer.</i>

390
00:20:29,240 --> 00:20:32,040
And it was much more than
they should pay.

391
00:20:32,080 --> 00:20:35,560
Many people said that it was a
bad business decision. It wasn't.

392
00:20:35,600 --> 00:20:39,014
So, at that moment,
Nigel Kneale was very happy...

393
00:20:39,789 --> 00:20:42,080
...that his television series...

394
00:20:42,335 --> 00:20:44,947
...was under study
a film company.

395
00:20:44,968 --> 00:20:46,754
I was delighted with this.

396
00:20:47,391 --> 00:20:51,484
History says that Nigel Kneale did not
remained enchanted for a long time...

397
00:20:51,922 --> 00:20:54,097
...and he remained dissatisfied...

398
00:20:54,622 --> 00:20:56,693
...for the rest of his days.

399
00:20:57,802 --> 00:20:59,085
when my dad

400
00:20:59,106 --> 00:21:02,733
wrote the first series
Quatermass television station for the BBC,

401
00:21:02,753 --> 00:21:05,659
he asked himself:
"And what would happen if it were sold?"

402
00:21:05,751 --> 00:21:09,364
<i>And they said to him: "Of course
You will be rewarded."</i>

403
00:21:09,404 --> 00:21:12,324
<i>And then Quatermass was
a complete success.</i>

404
00:21:12,425 --> 00:21:15,520
And at the BBC rather
They changed their mind about that,

405
00:21:15,560 --> 00:21:18,520
and my dad felt
that he had been mistreated.

406
00:21:18,560 --> 00:21:21,100
<i>The rights newly
purchased from Hammer for</i>

407
00:21:21,121 --> 00:21:23,196
<i>making movies
Quatermass</i>

408
00:21:23,230 --> 00:21:25,539
<i>could be a turning point
for the company.</i>

409
00:21:25,560 --> 00:21:28,599
<i>But how to approach
this science fiction movie?</i>

410
00:21:28,916 --> 00:21:31,347
<i>Violence, blood and nudity...</i>

411
00:21:31,598 --> 00:21:33,522
<i>would mean an X Certificate,</i>

412
00:21:33,543 --> 00:21:36,173
<i>restricting the film to
the entire audience.</i>

413
00:21:36,655 --> 00:21:38,713
<i>This represented quite a challenge</i>

414
00:21:38,734 --> 00:21:41,269
<i>for the debut of the film
Hammer horror.</i>

415
00:21:41,907 --> 00:21:44,780
<i>But where men
prudent saw problems...</i>

416
00:21:45,279 --> 00:21:47,545
<i>...Tony Hinds saw an opportunity.</i>

417
00:21:48,330 --> 00:21:52,284
<i>An opportunity that could
define Hammer forever.</i>

418
00:21:54,320 --> 00:21:57,193
<i>The censors, basically,
They were a great help to Hammer,</i>

419
00:21:57,219 --> 00:21:59,680
because it gave them something against
which to deal with.

420
00:21:59,720 --> 00:22:02,240
It forced them to be creative.

421
00:22:02,449 --> 00:22:05,733
<i>The Quatermass Experiment</i> was
as "X"Quatermass experiment,

422
00:22:05,760 --> 00:22:07,919
<i>Because that's how they exploited the
Rated X.</i>

423
00:22:07,940 --> 00:22:09,678
<i>The X rating...</i>

424
00:22:09,830 --> 00:22:13,424
...it was new, now we know that
It is prohibited for under 16 years

425
00:22:13,551 --> 00:22:16,037
<i>The X rating was very
powerful</i>

426
00:22:16,058 --> 00:22:18,759
<i>since it made people
went to see the movie.</i>

427
00:22:18,780 --> 00:22:21,560
<i>And, in terms of marketing,
It was huge.</i>

428
00:22:21,600 --> 00:22:25,273
A young man died from an attack
heart watching the movie.

429
00:22:25,493 --> 00:22:26,878
But the whole thing...

430
00:22:27,591 --> 00:22:31,393
...was bathed in music
by James Bernard.

431
00:22:31,631 --> 00:22:34,257
<i>He seemed like a composer to me
incredible.</i>

432
00:22:36,887 --> 00:22:38,658
The music of Quatermass...

433
00:22:39,014 --> 00:22:42,000
...it's like a precursor to Psycho.

434
00:22:42,160 --> 00:22:43,275
James Bernard is...

435
00:22:43,411 --> 00:22:46,878
<i>...without a doubt a hero, because the
music is often...</i>

436
00:22:47,268 --> 00:22:48,268
...phenomenal.

437
00:22:48,415 --> 00:22:50,360
His music is like...

438
00:22:50,512 --> 00:22:54,097
<i>It is as important as the direction,
the stage, the actors...</i>

439
00:22:54,700 --> 00:22:58,272
<i>James Bernard had
some musical lineage in his family.</i>

440
00:22:58,520 --> 00:23:00,520
<i>One of them was Thomas Arne.</i>

441
00:23:01,400 --> 00:23:03,760
Who composed Rule Britannia.

442
00:23:03,800 --> 00:23:06,953
James Bernard was born in the
Himalayas.

443
00:23:10,020 --> 00:23:13,428
<i>And then he attended the
Wellington College...</i>

444
00:23:13,454 --> 00:23:14,803
<i>in England.</i>

445
00:23:15,156 --> 00:23:17,882
<i>Eventually, it would end in
Bletchley Park

446
00:23:17,903 --> 00:23:21,200
<i>And he was part of the team that
tried</i>

447
00:23:21,240 --> 00:23:24,640
<i>Decipher the machine codes
 Enigma.</i>

448
00:23:24,680 --> 00:23:26,523
<i>Worked with Christopher Lee...</i>

449
00:23:26,698 --> 00:23:29,338
...that was destined
in the same place as James.

450
00:23:29,400 --> 00:23:32,347
And this is where he had his first
meeting with Dracula.

451
00:23:32,440 --> 00:23:35,724
I had just become an officer,
and they accommodated me...

452
00:23:36,393 --> 00:23:38,833
...in a kind of old rectory...

453
00:23:39,035 --> 00:23:43,132
...next to an old church in a
Remote village in Buckinghamshire.

454
00:23:43,190 --> 00:23:46,180
There was a whole team of
Hammer on the matter...

455
00:23:46,406 --> 00:23:48,640
...and it was a terribly cold winter.

456
00:23:48,793 --> 00:23:52,981
I was reading Dracula, the original
by Bram Stoker, for the first time.

457
00:23:53,114 --> 00:23:55,037
And I went to bed...

458
00:23:55,424 --> 00:23:58,671
...with Dracula...
With the book, I mean.

459
00:23:58,708 --> 00:24:02,739
And I really enjoyed it.
a lot, it had me trapped,

460
00:24:02,760 --> 00:24:04,880
and suddenly I realized that
I was very cold.

461
00:24:04,926 --> 00:24:08,398
So I got out of bed and went
to the kitchen of the old rectory,

462
00:24:08,419 --> 00:24:10,939
to make me a bottle of
hot water.

463
00:24:11,193 --> 00:24:14,690
And I filled it with almost boiling water,
I took her to bed...

464
00:24:15,002 --> 00:24:16,835
...and I pressed her against my chest.

465
00:24:17,100 --> 00:24:19,604
I continued reading Dracula,
completely absorbed...

466
00:24:20,182 --> 00:24:23,240
<i>...and I fell asleep with the book
on the nose.</i>

467
00:24:23,463 --> 00:24:27,738
<i>I woke up in the morning with
the bottle pressed against my chest.</i>

468
00:24:28,593 --> 00:24:30,711
And I took it off and down...

469
00:24:31,033 --> 00:24:33,564
...had a huge white blister.

470
00:24:33,732 --> 00:24:36,774
<i>And the blister disappeared,
but the scar remained...</i>

471
00:24:37,198 --> 00:24:38,968
...for years and years and years.

472
00:24:38,989 --> 00:24:41,343
And I think it's over
disappearing...

473
00:24:41,538 --> 00:24:44,394
...when I wrote the score for
<i>The Scars of Dracula,</i>

474
00:24:44,415 --> 00:24:46,199
my last Dracula movie.

475
00:24:46,258 --> 00:24:48,113
<i>There is no escape from...</i>

476
00:24:48,400 --> 00:24:51,219
<i>...The Scars of Dracula.</i>

477
00:24:51,390 --> 00:24:55,720
James started working for the first time
 time in music for Benjamin Britten.

478
00:24:56,386 --> 00:24:59,047
<i>He copied the sketches to...</i>

479
00:24:59,402 --> 00:25:00,579
...the Opera, by Billy Budd.

480
00:25:00,904 --> 00:25:04,145
<i>But, later,
Benjamin Britten told him that...</i>

481
00:25:04,277 --> 00:25:08,517
...should make his own way,
because, if she stayed with him...

482
00:25:09,232 --> 00:25:10,839
...he would overshadow him...

483
00:25:11,129 --> 00:25:12,848
...and I couldn't anymore...

484
00:25:13,855 --> 00:25:16,017
...make your own way
as a composer.

485
00:25:16,240 --> 00:25:19,303
James was very excited.
to work in the cinema.

486
00:25:19,698 --> 00:25:21,625
<i>I had to figure out how to get in.</i>

487
00:25:21,646 --> 00:25:25,631
<i>Television had not started
well after the war.</i>

488
00:25:25,912 --> 00:25:28,231
Their way of entering was
radio plays.

489
00:25:28,595 --> 00:25:30,925
And he did a lot of those in

490
00:25:31,004 --> 00:25:33,128
which is now BBC Radio 3.

491
00:25:33,226 --> 00:25:35,119
I think
<i>The Death of Hector...</i>

492
00:25:35,401 --> 00:25:37,280
<i>...was the first, and that...</i>

493
00:25:37,788 --> 00:25:40,284
<i>...was directed by the brother of
Sir John Gielgud.</i>

494
00:25:40,423 --> 00:25:43,461
One of the following he did
It was <i>The Duchess of Malfy.</i>

495
00:25:43,640 --> 00:25:45,547
<i>Which is, basically, horror.</i>

496
00:25:45,808 --> 00:25:48,560
Almost everyone ends
dead in the end.

497
00:25:48,931 --> 00:25:52,198
And <i>The Duchess of Malfy</i>
It was actually recorded on tape.

498
00:25:52,219 --> 00:25:55,032
<i>The X-Quatermass Experiment</i>
It was originally...

499
00:25:55,309 --> 00:25:57,336
...assigned to John Hotchkis.

500
00:25:57,843 --> 00:25:59,979
Unfortunately,
John got sick.

501
00:26:00,617 --> 00:26:02,509
And he couldn't continue.

502
00:26:02,579 --> 00:26:05,920
Hammer's Tony Hinds told a
man named John Hollingsworth:

503
00:26:06,207 --> 00:26:10,157
<i>"We are in a real bind and
We need a composer now."</i>

504
00:26:10,280 --> 00:26:13,199
And John Hollingsworth remembered
by James Bernard...

505
00:26:13,427 --> 00:26:16,419
...who had conducted the score
from <i>The Duchess of Malfy.</i>

506
00:26:16,510 --> 00:26:19,821
And, since the tapes existed
<i>The Duchess of Malfy</i>...

507
00:26:20,152 --> 00:26:24,200
...he quickly went to look for them and
he reproduced them for Tony Hinds.

508
00:26:24,401 --> 00:26:27,187
Tony Hinds loved it
and immediately, right there,

509
00:26:27,207 --> 00:26:31,858
James Bernard was hired and
paid him a princely sum of 100 pounds

510
00:26:31,879 --> 00:26:35,153
to write the score of
<i>The X-Quatermass experiment.</i>

511
00:26:35,320 --> 00:26:37,200
If they listen
<i>The Duchess of Malfy,</i>

512
00:26:37,244 --> 00:26:40,004
and listen
<i>The X-Quatermass Experiment</i>...

513
00:26:40,119 --> 00:26:42,259
...you will be able to see many similarities.

514
00:26:42,305 --> 00:26:44,697
<i>Because, James Bernard, basically,</i>

515
00:26:44,718 --> 00:26:47,414
<i>played the music
that I already knew how to do

516
00:26:47,748 --> 00:26:50,382
<i>And what was it to write for?
strings and percussion, </i>

517
00:26:50,403 --> 00:26:53,638
<i>So they both basically have
the same instrumentation.</i>

518
00:26:53,824 --> 00:26:56,520
<i>When did</i>
The Curse of Frankenstein,

519
00:26:56,560 --> 00:27:00,304
<i>would copy, musically,
some of its themes and chords</i>

520
00:27:00,335 --> 00:27:02,513
<i>from</i> The Duchess of Malfy.

521
00:27:02,852 --> 00:27:04,774
The X-periment Quatermass,
<i>from Hammer,</i>

522
00:27:04,794 --> 00:27:06,628
<i>was a success in
all aspects.</i>

523
00:27:06,663 --> 00:27:10,157
<i>Expanding the limit of what
It was acceptable in the cinema,</i>

524
00:27:10,178 --> 00:27:12,866
<i>became one of the
pillars of the Hammer.</i>

525
00:27:12,887 --> 00:27:16,051
<i>The X Rating
It was not something to fear...</i>

526
00:27:16,446 --> 00:27:18,651
<i>...but something to show off with pride.</i>

527
00:27:18,914 --> 00:27:21,091
<i>James Carreras felt,
instinctively,

528
00:27:21,112 --> 00:27:23,939
<i>that this was the way to
success for Hammer.</i>

529
00:27:24,028 --> 00:27:28,189
<i>But does that band of creatives
British were on the right course?</i>

530
00:27:28,244 --> 00:27:30,614
After the success of
<i>The X-Quatermass Experiment,</i>

531
00:27:30,640 --> 00:27:34,648
the public and distributors
They spoke and told them:

532
00:27:35,160 --> 00:27:37,968
"This horror thing is great.
"It's what we want."

533
00:27:38,120 --> 00:27:40,759
<i>So, the obvious thing was to try
the sequel to Quatermass.</i>

534
00:27:42,460 --> 00:27:45,268
<i>His first feature film was</i>
X, The Unknown.

535
00:27:45,633 --> 00:27:47,647
- Yes.
- <i>What do you think about it?</i>

536
00:27:47,668 --> 00:27:51,505
We were sitting in the office
trying to make up a story.

537
00:27:51,544 --> 00:27:54,682
I was a production manager
by then, and...

538
00:27:55,906 --> 00:27:58,004
<i>...with Tony Hinds and Mike Carreras...</i>

539
00:27:58,467 --> 00:28:02,074
<i>...we were tossing around ideas.
And it seemed that, at the end of...</i>

540
00:28:02,443 --> 00:28:05,915
...one session, several occurred to me
and Tony said, "Go write them down."

541
00:28:05,960 --> 00:28:08,293
I said: "I'm not a writer,
"I'm a production manager."

542
00:28:08,792 --> 00:28:10,892
And he said, "Write it down,
"If we like it, we buy it."

543
00:28:10,923 --> 00:28:12,022
So I wrote it...

544
00:28:12,673 --> 00:28:14,123
And he liked it. And he bought it.

545
00:28:14,309 --> 00:28:16,779
Jimmy Sangster started with
Hammer in 1948,

546
00:28:16,804 --> 00:28:19,004
in the movie called
<i>Dick Barton Strikes Back</i>...

547
00:28:19,091 --> 00:28:21,448
<i>...as second assistant
direction.</i>

548
00:28:21,480 --> 00:28:23,861
<i>Then it becomes
Deputy Director,

549
00:28:23,881 --> 00:28:26,657
<i>and he is the first Deputy Director
youngest in the country.</i>

550
00:28:26,680 --> 00:28:30,243
And, in 1954, it became
Production Manager of the company.

551
00:28:30,264 --> 00:28:32,200
Around this time...

552
00:28:33,224 --> 00:28:35,438
<i>...Milton Subotsky
and Max Rosenberg</i>

553
00:28:35,459 --> 00:28:38,649
They come to Hammer with a
old Frankenstein script.</i>

554
00:28:38,718 --> 00:28:41,001
It was called
<i>Frankenstein and the Monster.</i>

555
00:28:41,996 --> 00:28:44,014
They were recommended to film it

556
00:28:44,548 --> 00:28:47,517
And, in this sense, it would possibly be
another of his

557
00:28:47,556 --> 00:28:49,075
"Quickies" in black and white.

558
00:28:49,096 --> 00:28:52,430
When studying the script
They noticed that it was very similar

559
00:28:52,451 --> 00:28:54,619
to the old <i>Frankenstein</i>
of the Universal.

560
00:28:54,640 --> 00:28:56,205
Anthony Hinds reads it...

561
00:28:56,848 --> 00:29:01,618
...and says: "We can't use it, but
It's an idea to make Frankenstein."

562
00:29:01,931 --> 00:29:05,598
<i>So they paid
Rosenberg and Subotsky...</i>

563
00:29:06,179 --> 00:29:08,476
...and they launched with their own script.

564
00:29:09,418 --> 00:29:11,171
And that was written by...

565
00:29:11,358 --> 00:29:12,812
<i>...Jimmy Sangster.</i>

566
00:29:12,833 --> 00:29:15,872
I really don't think I've read
Mary Shelley's book.

567
00:29:15,920 --> 00:29:18,560
I mean, one already knew the story
 of Frankenstein.

568
00:29:18,600 --> 00:29:22,759
<i>I didn't read it, I knew it by seeing
the old Frankenstein movies.</i>

569
00:29:24,951 --> 00:29:27,680
<i>In the wake
of Hammer's new hit...</i>

570
00:29:27,976 --> 00:29:30,768
<i>...Tony Hinds needed
find the right director

571
00:29:30,789 --> 00:29:34,552
<i>to perform your terrifying
gothic vision of his next film.</i>

572
00:29:34,795 --> 00:29:38,268
<i>Especially if they wanted
Take advantage of your financial potential...</i>

573
00:29:38,527 --> 00:29:41,822
<i>...Hinds needed a pair of hands
firm, but creative,</i>

574
00:29:41,843 --> 00:29:43,307
<i>for this vital role.</i>

575
00:29:43,519 --> 00:29:47,030
<i>His solution was to resort to his
Always collaborator,</i>

576
00:29:47,051 --> 00:29:48,161
<i>Terence Fisher.</i>

577
00:29:48,569 --> 00:29:52,345
Terence Fisher was the director who
gave us most of the classics.

578
00:29:52,548 --> 00:29:55,431
I remember always using
a sweater and a shirt.

579
00:29:55,760 --> 00:29:59,272
<i>Terence Fisher kicked off
to the gothic trend in Hammer.</i>

580
00:29:59,610 --> 00:30:02,720
Probably a certain color
crimson, the sweater.

581
00:30:02,760 --> 00:30:04,360
He was a really good director.

582
00:30:04,430 --> 00:30:06,190
Possibly with a jacket.

583
00:30:07,557 --> 00:30:10,431
<i>I understand that,
Originally, Hammer wanted

584
00:30:10,465 --> 00:30:13,543
<i>do</i> The Curse of Frankenstein <i>
in three weeks.</i>

585
00:30:13,774 --> 00:30:15,826
<i>They offered it to my father and...</i>

586
00:30:16,425 --> 00:30:20,305
...said: "I can't do it in three
weeks. There have to be six.”

587
00:30:20,403 --> 00:30:23,098
<i>It took a while to go away and think about it
a good time,</i>

588
00:30:23,119 --> 00:30:26,005
<i>quite a bit, and then he came back and
he agreed.</i>

589
00:30:26,124 --> 00:30:30,497
<i>I would not have been the innovator
and extraordinary film that was...</i>

590
00:30:30,780 --> 00:30:32,268
<i>...if I had not...</i>

591
00:30:32,455 --> 00:30:36,400
...said to Hammer: "You can't
done in three weeks. Give me six.'"

592
00:30:37,354 --> 00:30:39,470
We don't want to rush too much.

593
00:30:40,841 --> 00:30:41,976
He is the director...

594
00:30:42,076 --> 00:30:45,444
<i>...whether you know it or not. And that's what
you think when you think of Hammer.</i>

595
00:30:45,480 --> 00:30:48,155
He went to boarding schools at an age
very early.

596
00:30:48,176 --> 00:30:51,000
He went to high school
and then to Hospital de Cristo.

597
00:30:51,035 --> 00:30:54,248
I think about the two results
that the boarding school can have

598
00:30:54,269 --> 00:30:58,944
with their students and they,
or they come out with arrogance and confidence...

599
00:30:59,300 --> 00:31:02,360
<i>...or else they come out
completely intimidated.</i>

600
00:31:02,499 --> 00:31:04,086
<i>He was very loved.</i>

601
00:31:04,352 --> 00:31:06,505
A kind and tender little man.

602
00:31:07,280 --> 00:31:08,680
Very shy.

603
00:31:09,621 --> 00:31:12,280
He was very quiet.
He spoke like that.

604
00:31:12,914 --> 00:31:16,830
"In order to film you better,
Would you mind very much if I came here..."

605
00:31:17,394 --> 00:31:19,433
"...and you go there.
Thank you very much."

606
00:31:19,454 --> 00:31:20,689
And then it disappeared.

607
00:31:20,879 --> 00:31:22,554
We're calm, right?

608
00:31:24,465 --> 00:31:26,149
You didn't say a word.

609
00:31:26,347 --> 00:31:28,964
My father joined the
merchant marine and...

610
00:31:29,578 --> 00:31:31,331
<i>...traveled around the world.</i>

611
00:31:31,357 --> 00:31:35,000
<i>He never talked about it,
unless you ask him.</i>

612
00:31:35,040 --> 00:31:38,006
<i>After the merchant navy
returned to London...</i>

613
00:31:38,106 --> 00:31:39,903
...and I didn't know what I wanted to do.

614
00:31:39,924 --> 00:31:41,787
But, there was a store on the corner.

615
00:31:41,813 --> 00:31:44,781
<i>It was Peter Jones, big store
by departments, and...</i>

616
00:31:44,842 --> 00:31:46,400
...set up the shop windows.

617
00:31:46,493 --> 00:31:47,912
<i>And he always said that</i>

618
00:31:47,933 --> 00:31:51,157
<i>it was a good introduction
to arrange things in a...</i>

619
00:31:51,233 --> 00:31:52,109
...framing.

620
00:31:52,173 --> 00:31:54,868
Terence Fisher started
in the film industry...

621
00:31:54,889 --> 00:31:56,739
<i>...doing everything, but</i>

622
00:31:56,760 --> 00:31:59,109
<i>I think he finally found
his place as editor.</i>

623
00:31:59,142 --> 00:32:01,505
<i>And I think it was his
experience as an editor,</i>

624
00:32:01,526 --> 00:32:04,525
<i>or "cutter", as he
I preferred to call him...</i>

625
00:32:04,795 --> 00:32:08,418
...the one that really defined his
work, because...

626
00:32:09,256 --> 00:32:09,934
...edited the...

627
00:32:10,006 --> 00:32:14,344
<i>...movie in his head and it was a
 very appreciated collaborator, because...</i>

628
00:32:14,562 --> 00:32:17,166
<i>...Hammer liked to keep
low costs.</i>

629
00:32:17,234 --> 00:32:19,785
<i>They were a small company
and they did...</i>

630
00:32:19,878 --> 00:32:21,730
...very attractive movies...

631
00:32:22,021 --> 00:32:25,024
<i>...and with a limited budget.
Their budgets were tiny.</i>

632
00:32:25,044 --> 00:32:28,111
<i>The Curse of Frankenstein</i>,
1956, 80,000 were obtained.

633
00:32:28,275 --> 00:32:31,097
<i>Dracula</i>, in 1957,
It was made with 90,000 pounds.

634
00:32:31,207 --> 00:32:33,098
<i>Although, when watching those movies...</i>

635
00:32:33,788 --> 00:32:35,600
<i>...they seem like they have a bigger budget.</i>

636
00:32:35,678 --> 00:32:37,616
Anthony Hinds made another...

637
00:32:37,820 --> 00:32:40,671
...big jump here in saying that
It should be in color.

638
00:32:40,962 --> 00:32:44,787
<i>It is quite surprising that
James said YES to color,</i>

639
00:32:44,808 --> 00:32:47,440
<i>when color was difficult
10% of...</i>

640
00:32:47,581 --> 00:32:50,917
...budget when changing
from monochrome to color, but that's how it was.

641
00:32:51,062 --> 00:32:53,360
Now you can see the blood,
and it will be red.

642
00:32:53,701 --> 00:32:56,761
<i>And from a point of view
marketing, it's pretty cool.</i>

643
00:32:56,791 --> 00:32:58,279
It was a huge advance.

644
00:32:58,345 --> 00:33:01,227
<i>No one thought of doing
 horror movies in color.</i>

645
00:33:01,248 --> 00:33:02,950
Not in the United States either.

646
00:33:03,037 --> 00:33:05,780
The critics went crazy,
They thought it was vile.

647
00:33:05,801 --> 00:33:07,324
But, the public loved it.

648
00:33:07,828 --> 00:33:10,688
<i>And from there,
I think you could say...</i>

649
00:33:10,945 --> 00:33:12,920
<i>...that the Hammer brand is born.</i>

650
00:33:12,960 --> 00:33:16,000
<i>It was gothic horror in color
for the first time.</i>

651
00:33:16,205 --> 00:33:18,172
<i>What the world public expected.</i>

652
00:33:18,210 --> 00:33:20,741
And there is another detail here which is
very interesting:

653
00:33:20,788 --> 00:33:23,666
By a strange and quixotic twist
of destiny...

654
00:33:23,840 --> 00:33:27,115
...color was what allowed them
evade censorship,

655
00:33:27,136 --> 00:33:29,081
which would otherwise have prevailed.

656
00:33:29,402 --> 00:33:32,102
<i>Terence Fisher said: "We never had
problems with censors"</i>

657
00:33:32,123 --> 00:33:34,810
And it was a statement
ridiculous and hypocritical

658
00:33:34,831 --> 00:33:38,402
since Hammer had problems
titanic with the censors.

659
00:33:38,543 --> 00:33:42,774
Hinds noticed that if he showed the
censor the black and white film...

660
00:33:43,137 --> 00:33:46,229
<i>...but, from the beginning, I told them:
"Yes, it's in colors"</i>

661
00:33:46,250 --> 00:33:48,869
<i>even if they were shown in
black and white, no one remembered

662
00:33:48,890 --> 00:33:52,913
<i>that in a letter, six months earlier,
He said: "By the way, it's in color."</i>

663
00:33:53,104 --> 00:33:57,496
<i>And then the censor warns that the
film is in color, and they told him:</i>

664
00:33:57,517 --> 00:33:59,997
<i>"You have to show it to us."
And there was a big problem,

665
00:34:00,080 --> 00:34:03,320
<i>because the censor had a
brutal reaction upon seeing her. </i>

666
00:34:03,412 --> 00:34:05,187
It really did...

667
00:34:05,311 --> 00:34:08,151
He almost had a heart attack
and there the real battle began.

668
00:34:08,200 --> 00:34:12,440
But later they were able
put some more things

669
00:34:12,480 --> 00:34:14,520
of those they had put in before.

670
00:34:14,560 --> 00:34:16,711
<i>The Hammer was very good,
in the end,</i>

671
00:34:16,732 --> 00:34:18,600
<i>to put what they wanted
on the screen,

672
00:34:18,640 --> 00:34:21,440
<i>because they always did things
What did they know...</i>

673
00:34:21,572 --> 00:34:24,640
...they were going to censor,
and that's why they put something else.

674
00:34:24,714 --> 00:34:25,725
And they said:

675
00:34:25,745 --> 00:34:29,172
"Well, if we cut what you don't want
Like, can we put this on?"

676
00:34:29,193 --> 00:34:30,707
And they ended up negotiating.

677
00:34:30,728 --> 00:34:35,091
<i>One of the examples you hear about
To speak is the disintegration of Dracula.</i>

678
00:34:35,112 --> 00:34:38,559
<i>There was a longer version,
that was hidden for many years

679
00:34:38,580 --> 00:34:41,116
<i>because the censors believed that
It was too much.</i>

680
00:34:41,137 --> 00:34:43,120
<i>And they wanted to cut some things.</i>

681
00:34:43,159 --> 00:34:45,379
<i>And they did it,
but there were many things left

682
00:34:45,400 --> 00:34:47,938
<i>since they put everything in
that disintegration.</i>

683
00:35:02,260 --> 00:35:05,282
Phil Leakey was a makeup artist
with extraordinary talent.

684
00:35:09,870 --> 00:35:11,702
A very affable guy.

685
00:35:11,880 --> 00:35:14,440
<i>Very low profile, very quiet</i>

686
00:35:14,536 --> 00:35:16,280
<i>But, very skillful.</i>

687
00:35:16,320 --> 00:35:18,806
<i>And, well, what
they did was keep it

688
00:35:18,826 --> 00:35:20,440
<i>for as long as possible.</i>

689
00:35:20,480 --> 00:35:23,016
And they were very lucky already
that was still there...

690
00:35:23,086 --> 00:35:24,600
<i>...the gothic color.</i>

691
00:35:24,640 --> 00:35:28,000
<i>All makeup artists study anatomy.</i>

692
00:35:28,133 --> 00:35:30,457
<i>And they study cuts and wounds.</i>

693
00:35:30,484 --> 00:35:33,980
<i>But as for Phil Leakey,
I guess he had...</i>

694
00:35:34,188 --> 00:35:36,594
<i>...one more knowledge of
first hand

695
00:35:36,615 --> 00:35:39,080
<i>due to his parents who farmed
the sciences.</i>

696
00:35:39,101 --> 00:35:40,921
<i>I knew exactly what to do</i>

697
00:35:40,942 --> 00:35:43,641
<i>when you had to create a
wound on some face...</i>

698
00:35:44,015 --> 00:35:47,800
...or a bruise. He knew that the
bruise does not have the same color,

699
00:35:47,860 --> 00:35:49,000
that can change.

700
00:35:49,035 --> 00:35:51,974
I imagine that those backgrounds
doctors

701
00:35:51,994 --> 00:35:53,683
They would have helped him a lot.

702
00:35:53,741 --> 00:35:56,701
Although you think of it as
a makeup artist...

703
00:35:57,061 --> 00:36:00,835
...in fact, it was the first
makeup effects artist.

704
00:36:00,880 --> 00:36:04,527
I think he was the first person
in achieving that distinction in cinema.

705
00:36:04,922 --> 00:36:06,385
What are you going to do?

706
00:36:06,992 --> 00:36:09,067
I take his head off,
It's of no use to me.

707
00:36:09,345 --> 00:36:11,011
<i>He crossed many limits.</i>

708
00:36:11,997 --> 00:36:14,366
For example, in
<i>The Curse of Frankenstein...</i>

709
00:36:14,475 --> 00:36:18,655
<i>...had to make a head that
dissolves in a tank of acid.</i>

710
00:36:18,745 --> 00:36:21,853
Most would not be able to
do it, or think about how...

711
00:36:21,931 --> 00:36:24,704
<i>...do it, but that was the job
from Phil and he said:</i>

712
00:36:24,724 --> 00:36:26,423
<i>"Okay, I can take care of it."</i>

713
00:36:26,444 --> 00:36:28,631
I made a mold of the head
from someone,

714
00:36:28,655 --> 00:36:33,101
I filled it with gelatin and
covered with a layer of latex...

715
00:36:33,199 --> 00:36:36,143
<i>...on the outside and put a
skull inside,</i>

716
00:36:36,163 --> 00:36:38,075
<i>a plastic skull between...</i>

717
00:36:38,178 --> 00:36:42,615
...several layers of muscles
gelatin and gelatin veins.

718
00:36:42,820 --> 00:36:45,284
And there was even a brain in
the skull

719
00:36:45,334 --> 00:36:47,215
And, since it was gelatin, they...

720
00:36:47,546 --> 00:36:51,079
<i>...they heated up the tank, so,
Basically, it was boiling water.</i>

721
00:36:51,192 --> 00:36:54,187
<i>And what happens to the gelatin when
put it in boiling water?</i>

722
00:36:54,208 --> 00:36:55,212
<i>It melts.</i>

723
00:36:55,233 --> 00:36:58,762
<i>This is how they made the great effect where
They stick their heads in and it looks acidic,</i>

724
00:36:58,783 --> 00:37:03,115
<i>because the head dissolves and everything
starts to fall apart...</i>

725
00:37:03,531 --> 00:37:05,945
<i>...and the skin begins to melt.</i>

726
00:37:12,963 --> 00:37:15,428
It's so good...
That's not in the movie.

727
00:37:15,680 --> 00:37:18,280
But,
 to be able to think that way,

728
00:37:18,320 --> 00:37:21,957
with lateral thinking
How could those things work?

729
00:37:21,978 --> 00:37:24,378
and how the various compounds
 chemicals

730
00:37:24,399 --> 00:37:26,583
can be put together to achieve
an effect,

731
00:37:26,604 --> 00:37:27,888
He is very, very intelligent.

732
00:37:27,937 --> 00:37:29,659
<i>The Curse of Frankenstein</i>
it provoked me

733
00:37:30,367 --> 00:37:32,668
<i>...nightmares because of...</i>

734
00:37:33,218 --> 00:37:34,978
<i>...makeup by Phil Leakey.</i>

735
00:37:35,080 --> 00:37:38,580
Many people, until that moment,
If you thought about Frankenstein,

736
00:37:38,601 --> 00:37:40,437
They were thinking about Boris Karloff...

737
00:37:40,806 --> 00:37:42,507
<i>...and Jack Pierce's makeup.</i>

738
00:37:42,624 --> 00:37:44,716
We couldn't use the idea of a...

739
00:37:44,903 --> 00:37:47,994
...Boris Karloff type monster
with lightning piercing his neck.

740
00:37:48,018 --> 00:37:49,883
The monster had
copyright.

741
00:37:50,168 --> 00:37:53,459
In the small pre-production
that they had...

742
00:37:53,805 --> 00:37:56,713
<i>...there were Phil Leakey and Roy Ashton.</i>

743
00:37:57,259 --> 00:37:59,712
<i>I've tried almost everything I know
It happened to me...</i>

744
00:37:59,990 --> 00:38:03,558
...to make that creature.
You know, latex noses and

745
00:38:03,579 --> 00:38:05,776
scars of different shapes and
 appearances

746
00:38:05,960 --> 00:38:08,160
I did about three tests,
if I remember correctly.

747
00:38:08,200 --> 00:38:10,621
They were pretty terrible,
In one of them it seemed...

748
00:38:11,307 --> 00:38:13,390
...a mix between a wolf and a pig.

749
00:38:14,167 --> 00:38:15,413
And the other...

750
00:38:16,315 --> 00:38:19,419
...was surprisingly
near the Elephant Man.

751
00:38:20,080 --> 00:38:22,761
A part of me, you know,
definitely sympathize

752
00:38:22,782 --> 00:38:25,560
with which Christopher Lee
was happening.

753
00:38:26,051 --> 00:38:30,174
And then, I think it was me, or maybe
It was Phil Leakey, the makeup artist

754
00:38:30,225 --> 00:38:31,806
and we started to think and...

755
00:38:32,379 --> 00:38:33,724
I think I said, "Look..."

756
00:38:34,840 --> 00:38:37,080
<i>..."are bits and pieces of
other people, so..."</i>

757
00:38:37,414 --> 00:38:38,824
"...they must be patches"

758
00:38:39,276 --> 00:38:42,513
<i>So there were lumps and scars
and the dead eye.</i>

759
00:38:43,030 --> 00:38:44,627
And stitch marks and everything.

760
00:38:46,493 --> 00:38:47,969
<i>And it was quite unpleasant.</i>

761
00:38:47,990 --> 00:38:51,337
And the contact lens that
wore over the blind eye...

762
00:38:51,583 --> 00:38:53,056
...like Frankenstein...

763
00:38:53,416 --> 00:38:54,727
...had left him blind.

764
00:38:54,770 --> 00:38:56,080
I can't see anything!

765
00:38:56,120 --> 00:38:58,304
Extraordinarily, in
<i>The Curse of Frankenstein,<i>

766
00:38:58,325 --> 00:39:02,000
Hammer, in one fell swoop, chose
its two great male stars...

767
00:39:02,058 --> 00:39:06,160
<i>...the emblems of the studio in 
its great days of terror.</i>

768
00:39:06,263 --> 00:39:09,666
The Simple Couple by Peter Cushing
and Christopher Lee was phenomenal.

769
00:39:09,720 --> 00:39:11,560
They were blessed with those guys.

770
00:39:11,600 --> 00:39:13,502
It's something you dream about.

771
00:39:13,551 --> 00:39:15,795
<i>It's as if RKO said:</i>

772
00:39:15,816 --> 00:39:18,711
<i>"We have this dancer
called Fred Astaire..."</i>

773
00:39:18,732 --> 00:39:20,400
<i>"...what do we do with it?"</i>

774
00:39:20,677 --> 00:39:23,521
<i>"And to a certain ingenue, called
Ginger Rogers, who knows how to dance."</i>

775
00:39:23,542 --> 00:39:25,320
"What if we put them together?"

776
00:39:25,638 --> 00:39:27,303
And what happens is magical.

777
00:39:27,324 --> 00:39:28,828
Peter Cushing, potentially...

778
00:39:28,941 --> 00:39:31,706
<i>...one of the greatest
British actors.</i>

779
00:39:31,741 --> 00:39:34,293
<i>A lovely guy.
Very accessible.</i>

780
00:39:34,329 --> 00:39:36,503
Peter Cushing was the star.
It came from...

781
00:39:37,018 --> 00:39:39,120
<i>...1984, on the BBC.</i>

782
00:39:39,193 --> 00:39:41,480
<i>He was famous. He was handsome.</i>

783
00:39:41,680 --> 00:39:44,436
You know,
He was THE Hammer guy.

784
00:39:44,552 --> 00:39:47,296
I think Christopher Lee is a
true legend

785
00:39:50,808 --> 00:39:54,059
When I met Christopher
I was mesmerized by Dracula.

786
00:39:54,084 --> 00:39:57,364
<i>She had great beauty
and an amazing presence.</i>

787
00:39:57,400 --> 00:40:00,083
<i>Christopher Lee,
regarding charisma and...</i>

788
00:40:01,202 --> 00:40:03,084
...its pure presence and...

789
00:40:03,299 --> 00:40:06,072
...his behavior in the
scenario was unbeatable.

790
00:40:06,384 --> 00:40:09,280
And Jimmy Carreras
you need to be very grateful

791
00:40:09,336 --> 00:40:11,321
the day someone looked at him and said:

792
00:40:11,341 --> 00:40:13,447
"There is a tall guy,
named Christopher Lee..."

793
00:40:13,467 --> 00:40:14,998
<i>"Do you think it could be the creature?"</i>

794
00:40:15,080 --> 00:40:16,680
They were just looking for a big guy.

795
00:40:16,820 --> 00:40:19,310
<i>It was almost Bernard Bresslaw.
But, they were lucky...</i>

796
00:40:19,418 --> 00:40:22,597
...and they got someone who not only
It was big and impressive,

797
00:40:22,728 --> 00:40:24,616
<i>...but with great presence and
I could act.</i>

798
00:40:24,680 --> 00:40:28,179
They provided performances
very good

799
00:40:28,200 --> 00:40:29,538
I was trying to put...

800
00:40:29,898 --> 00:40:33,378
...both Christopher Lee and
to Peter Cushing in my films.

801
00:40:34,276 --> 00:40:38,366
<i>On</i> Halloween, <i>I wanted
Peter Cushing was the psychiatrist.</i>

802
00:40:38,542 --> 00:40:40,435
<i>Christopher Lee complained that it didn't say...</i>

803
00:40:40,480 --> 00:40:42,960
...nothing in <i>The Curse of Frankenstein,</i>
and Cushing said:

804
00:40:42,996 --> 00:40:44,842
"You're lucky, I read the script."

805
00:40:45,278 --> 00:40:46,419
You are quiet.

806
00:40:47,128 --> 00:40:48,732
Did the cat eat your tongue?

807
00:40:51,811 --> 00:40:53,847
I think Jimmy Sangster
said that...

808
00:40:54,365 --> 00:40:58,360
...the success of a script was a
85% interpretation.

809
00:40:58,477 --> 00:41:00,508
The interpretation is 85%.

810
00:41:01,108 --> 00:41:02,765
The dialogue is not important.

811
00:41:02,880 --> 00:41:04,114
I think I said it

812
00:41:04,135 --> 00:41:07,515
since I knew that
Actors tended to rewrite their dialogue.

813
00:41:07,640 --> 00:41:09,680
The actors also change the dialogue.

814
00:41:09,816 --> 00:41:13,460
<i>Peter Cushing did not like
dialogues by Jimmy Sangster.</i>

815
00:41:13,730 --> 00:41:14,723
<i>Not at all.</i>

816
00:41:14,792 --> 00:41:18,080
In my first film classes
at school...

817
00:41:18,357 --> 00:41:21,916
<i>...they gave us a script that had
annotations by Peter Cushing</i>

818
00:41:21,937 --> 00:41:23,748
<i>where he corrected the script.</i>

819
00:41:23,849 --> 00:41:25,699
<i>I imagine him reading and saying:</i>

820
00:41:25,909 --> 00:41:29,971
<i>"I wouldn't say it like that, not at all."
"This needs a fundamental change."</i>

821
00:41:30,015 --> 00:41:32,278
Christopher Lee's scripts
They were hysterical, like:

822
00:41:32,299 --> 00:41:34,464
"No!" "I won't talk!"

823
00:41:34,786 --> 00:41:35,872
"Absurd!"

824
00:41:36,094 --> 00:41:39,836
And Peter Cushing, well, 
He rewrote almost his entire part.

825
00:41:41,207 --> 00:41:43,405
<i>And the results were great,
so, the...</i>

826
00:41:43,565 --> 00:41:46,314
<i>...collaboration Sangster - Cushing,
so to speak...</i>

827
00:41:46,665 --> 00:41:48,993
<i>...you know, it turned out to be good.</i>

828
00:41:49,153 --> 00:41:52,550
<i>And Sangster was aware that
Cushing didn't like his job.</i>

829
00:41:52,600 --> 00:41:56,280
<i>Despite creative differences,
tensions and challenges,</i>

830
00:41:56,316 --> 00:41:58,210
<i>the Hammer team managed to do</i>

831
00:41:58,230 --> 00:42:02,276
<i>one of the most successful films
financial of all time.</i>

832
00:42:02,320 --> 00:42:04,310
<i>The success of</i>
The Curse of Frankenstein

833
00:42:04,331 --> 00:42:06,670
<i>led to an explosion of...</i>

834
00:42:06,896 --> 00:42:09,605
<i>...historical films that were,
 inexplicably...</i>

835
00:42:10,111 --> 00:42:12,976
<i>accepted by the
children, who usually

836
00:42:12,996 --> 00:42:14,885
<i>they watched sports car movies.</i>

837
00:42:15,173 --> 00:42:18,688
<i>And, obviously, they
They realized that they found

838
00:42:18,709 --> 00:42:21,221
<i>the Genie in the Bottle and
They decided that they would review

839
00:42:21,242 --> 00:42:23,417
<i>the old Universal catalogue...</i>

840
00:42:23,593 --> 00:42:25,936
...to revert to the
monsters and...

841
00:42:26,032 --> 00:42:28,181
<i>...they would do it with good
images</i>

842
00:42:28,201 --> 00:42:31,657
<i>and costumes and stages
elegant and good actors.</i>

843
00:42:31,751 --> 00:42:33,728
<i>And, of course, success...</i>

844
00:42:33,857 --> 00:42:36,883
...bigger arrived the following year,
with <i>Dracula.</i>

845
00:42:36,949 --> 00:42:39,601
<i>I remember seeing</i>
Dracula <i>or...</i>

846
00:42:39,701 --> 00:42:42,365
<i>...The Horror of Dracula</i>,
as it was known in the US.

847
00:42:42,528 --> 00:42:46,077
<i>And with its bright colors
that even the title...</i>

848
00:42:46,365 --> 00:42:48,840
<i>...has the gruesome blood
from Kensington

849
00:42:48,861 --> 00:42:51,254
<i>splashing all over the name
of Dracula.</i>

850
00:42:51,320 --> 00:42:52,803
<i>It was a very shocking moment.</i>

851
00:42:52,977 --> 00:42:56,843
It seems very cheesy now, but,
At the time, it was genius.

852
00:42:57,166 --> 00:42:58,928
<i>Dracula was like...</i>

853
00:42:59,914 --> 00:43:02,480
<i>...somehow it became
in one thing with me.</i>

854
00:43:03,294 --> 00:43:05,619
<i>Because I thought it was
fabulous...</i>

855
00:43:05,860 --> 00:43:07,911
...except it was a little gory.

856
00:43:09,815 --> 00:43:11,888
It practically paved...

857
00:43:12,200 --> 00:43:15,883
...the path of what the study
would do in the following decade.

858
00:43:15,920 --> 00:43:18,560
<i>Jimmy Sangster was given
Dracula to adapt it.</i>

859
00:43:18,647 --> 00:43:20,938
<i>What I remember most about Dracula...</i>

860
00:43:21,229 --> 00:43:23,071
...there was no time wasted.

861
00:43:23,437 --> 00:43:24,675
<i>He's smart.</i>

862
00:43:25,200 --> 00:43:28,228
And, over the years, Jimmy said that
people asked him...

863
00:43:28,397 --> 00:43:30,520
<i>Why did I write Dracula
that way?</i>

864
00:43:30,560 --> 00:43:32,800
<i>Why did I adapt the novels of
that way?</i>

865
00:43:33,253 --> 00:43:34,581
And it was all about the money.

866
00:43:34,659 --> 00:43:38,320
<i>And he knew exactly that,
what I was writing...</i>

867
00:43:39,453 --> 00:43:40,518
<i>...it would have a cost.</i>

868
00:43:40,539 --> 00:43:43,471
<i>If you read the novel,
if you see Lugosi's film...</i>

869
00:43:44,005 --> 00:43:47,866
...starts in Transylvania, they jump
to a ship and come to England.

870
00:43:47,895 --> 00:43:50,740
Sangster was aware that Hammer
I couldn't afford that.

871
00:43:50,787 --> 00:43:53,294
And what if they used archival material?
it would look bad.

872
00:43:53,315 --> 00:43:54,748
So he put everything together.

873
00:43:54,856 --> 00:43:57,311
<i>Dracula's version of
Hammer is, for me...</i>

874
00:43:57,669 --> 00:43:59,240
<i>...it's like the definitive one.</i>

875
00:43:59,264 --> 00:44:01,080
Although they take many liberties.

876
00:44:01,254 --> 00:44:03,560
I am Dracula and I welcome you
to my house.

877
00:44:03,775 --> 00:44:06,337
At this point,
The censor was waiting.

878
00:44:06,904 --> 00:44:08,828
They knew what to expect.

879
00:44:08,861 --> 00:44:12,295
And Audrey Field, the implacable
Hammer's opponent says:

880
00:44:12,380 --> 00:44:14,325
"Well, we saw it in black and white."

881
00:44:14,351 --> 00:44:18,199
"Six color scenes are missing.
Show them now."

882
00:44:18,507 --> 00:44:19,502
And so they did.

883
00:44:20,040 --> 00:44:22,840
And there was, again,
a horrible reaction

884
00:44:23,627 --> 00:44:26,440
The censors definitely
They asked for cuts.

885
00:44:26,949 --> 00:44:30,058
Hinds put scenes that later
could delete.

886
00:44:30,210 --> 00:44:32,796
And everything came down to
that moment...

887
00:44:32,887 --> 00:44:35,970
<i>...when the censor says no
they can have Mina Harker</i>

888
00:44:35,991 --> 00:44:40,007
<i>looking at Dracula with that
 immense sexual desire.</i>

889
00:44:40,028 --> 00:44:41,290
<i>They couldn't use it.</i>

890
00:44:41,633 --> 00:44:44,268
<i>And basically,
It all boils down to two scenes:</i>

891
00:44:44,408 --> 00:44:47,320
<i>Dracula approaches and she looks at him...</i>

892
00:44:48,515 --> 00:44:52,089
<i>...and Hinds and Carreras wanted
desperately for it to remain.</i>

893
00:44:52,142 --> 00:44:54,325
<i>They desperately wanted
 those shots

894
00:44:54,346 --> 00:44:56,379
<i>because they knew it would change
everything.</i>

895
00:44:56,411 --> 00:44:58,737
<i>I saw some censorship notes
and they said:</i>

896
00:44:58,758 --> 00:45:01,670
<i>"You can't lean like that"
"It's outrageous"

897
00:45:01,715 --> 00:45:03,598
<i>And they told him: "No, he's a vampire."</i>

898
00:45:03,639 --> 00:45:06,211
"It bites his neck and it doesn't pass
nothing more"

899
00:45:06,561 --> 00:45:08,200
But, for the audience,

900
00:45:08,240 --> 00:45:11,320
of course it felt
sexual power of that moment,

901
00:45:11,364 --> 00:45:13,484
and that makes the movie
so strong

902
00:45:13,662 --> 00:45:16,512
And then Hinds dropped the bomb.
He said:

903
00:45:16,795 --> 00:45:18,659
<i>"When you saw it in black and white..."</i>

904
00:45:18,680 --> 00:45:22,409
<i>"...you made me understand that,
perhaps, this remained."</i>

905
00:45:22,718 --> 00:45:24,909
<i>"I can't see why it is
 worse in color."</i>

906
00:45:25,184 --> 00:45:27,253
<i>"Sorry, you already have the music."</i>

907
00:45:27,274 --> 00:45:31,007
<i>"It has the orchestration,
I have edited it, I have dubbed it."</i>

908
00:45:31,028 --> 00:45:33,145
<i>"It's going to cost me a
fortune to change it."</i>

909
00:45:33,181 --> 00:45:35,255
<i>There was a full meeting
of panic.</i>

910
00:45:36,200 --> 00:45:38,456
<i>Hinds stood firm and 
He told them:

911
00:45:38,484 --> 00:45:39,575
<i>"It will cost a lot of money."</i>

912
00:45:39,595 --> 00:45:43,005
<i>"The censor is there to prevent
the authorities prohibit them."</i>

913
00:45:43,026 --> 00:45:46,459
<i>"They're supposed to save you money
to the industry, not generate expenses."</i>

914
00:45:46,582 --> 00:45:49,682
And they said to him:
"In this case, we will let her pass."

915
00:45:50,185 --> 00:45:51,680
"Don't do it again!"

916
00:45:51,907 --> 00:45:54,103
And so Hinds got his chance.

917
00:45:54,358 --> 00:45:56,706
The extraordinary thing is that
they could say:

918
00:45:56,727 --> 00:45:59,608
"It was an accident that 
look like that" No!

919
00:45:59,679 --> 00:46:03,051
Fisher, on stage, really
He told him: "I want you to look..."

920
00:46:03,355 --> 00:46:06,241
<i>"...to that guy as if he were the
great love of your life."</i>

921
00:46:06,262 --> 00:46:07,639
<i>"You can't wait."</i>

922
00:46:07,787 --> 00:46:11,546
<i>And he did it. I was very happy
with what Melissa Stribling did.</i>

923
00:46:11,569 --> 00:46:13,688
<i>And it was marked in history
of cinema.</i>

924
00:46:13,724 --> 00:46:15,739
<i>It's a really crucial moment,</i>

925
00:46:15,760 --> 00:46:18,880
<i>because it is the point at which the
vampire becomes erotic.</i>

926
00:46:18,904 --> 00:46:20,760
<i>There was no turning back.</i>

927
00:46:20,812 --> 00:46:22,456
The floodgates opened.

928
00:46:24,716 --> 00:46:26,179
<i>Three successes in a row</i>

929
00:46:26,200 --> 00:46:29,320
<i>led to
Hammer to invent a winning formula.</i>

930
00:46:29,587 --> 00:46:31,598
<i>A specific mix of Gothic...</i>

931
00:46:31,833 --> 00:46:34,646
<i>...of violence and
provocatively erotic.</i>

932
00:46:35,360 --> 00:46:37,477
<i>But, although discovering the formula</i>

933
00:46:37,498 --> 00:46:39,497
<i>it could have been accidental...</i>

934
00:46:39,749 --> 00:46:43,800
<i>...that good fortune would never have
happened without the right people

935
00:46:43,840 --> 00:46:46,422
<i>in the right place and
 at the right time.</i>

936
00:46:47,204 --> 00:46:50,659
<i>The creative achievements were
result of collective effort...</i>

937
00:46:50,958 --> 00:46:52,430
<i>...and hard work.</i>

938
00:46:52,627 --> 00:46:55,739
Hammer's success with
first gothic horror films...

939
00:46:55,834 --> 00:46:58,560
<i>...it was very team based...</i>

940
00:46:59,537 --> 00:47:01,080
<i>...which Hammer had joined.</i>

941
00:47:01,924 --> 00:47:03,018
<i>They were...</i>

942
00:47:03,881 --> 00:47:06,990
<i>...like minds, if you will.
You had Terence Fisher directing,</i>

943
00:47:07,011 --> 00:47:09,111
<i>to Jimmy Sangster writing...</i>

944
00:47:09,839 --> 00:47:11,640
<i>...Tony Hinds producing...</i>

945
00:47:11,870 --> 00:47:14,423
<i>...very often
James Bernard musicalizing...</i>

946
00:47:14,496 --> 00:47:16,802
<i>What I know about Dracula...</i>

947
00:47:16,869 --> 00:47:20,242
...and how the topic of Dracula came about,
which was by James Bernard...

948
00:47:20,582 --> 00:47:22,540
...is that Paul Dehn, the writer...

949
00:47:23,075 --> 00:47:26,400
...suggested to James, that
I was stuck on a topic:

950
00:47:26,440 --> 00:47:27,828
"Why don't you do..."

951
00:47:28,260 --> 00:47:30,583
"...Dra - Cu - La musically?"

952
00:47:30,880 --> 00:47:32,320
Dra...cula.

953
00:47:32,360 --> 00:47:34,760
I'm talking about those great
chords appearing...

954
00:47:46,952 --> 00:47:49,440
- It's the chord.
- I still hear it in my head!

955
00:47:49,584 --> 00:47:52,000
And then built the rest
of the topic about that.

956
00:47:52,048 --> 00:47:54,608
And that was repeated in many of
their scores.

957
00:47:54,660 --> 00:47:57,940
You could always hear the name
of the film in the music.

958
00:48:11,578 --> 00:48:14,949
<i>The soundtracks were a
of the creative facets

959
00:48:14,970 --> 00:48:17,280
what Hammer was going for
becoming famous.</i>

960
00:48:17,446 --> 00:48:21,368
<i>The visual and design aspects
They also attracted the public

961
00:48:21,389 --> 00:48:22,937
<i>more and more deeply.</i>

962
00:48:22,958 --> 00:48:25,793
<i>Other team members
They left their mark.</i>

963
00:48:26,146 --> 00:48:28,831
The real stars of Hammer,
in my opinion...

964
00:48:29,271 --> 00:48:32,557
...they were people like
Bernard Robinson, the art director.

965
00:48:36,593 --> 00:48:39,091
Bernard was a pretty person.
thrifty

966
00:48:39,120 --> 00:48:42,976
<i>Hammer loved it because he didn't
wasted the allocated budget. </i>

967
00:48:42,997 --> 00:48:46,611
<i>But, I suppose part of the
Savings were war experiences.</i>

968
00:48:46,652 --> 00:48:48,800
<i>You have to remember that many people...</i>

969
00:48:48,840 --> 00:48:51,080
<i>he worked for Hammer when he returned
of war

970
00:48:51,101 --> 00:48:53,256
<i>and they brought their experiences with them.</i>

971
00:48:54,162 --> 00:48:55,680
The cameraman, Len Harris...

972
00:48:55,743 --> 00:48:59,444
<i>...filmed on the D-Day beaches
the day after the invasion.</i>

973
00:48:59,748 --> 00:49:02,351
<i>Harry Oakes, who made the first
plans, it was one of the first

974
00:49:02,372 --> 00:49:04,972
<i>on entering Auschwitz
when the doors opened.</i>

975
00:49:05,036 --> 00:49:07,415
A classic example is Les Bowie.

976
00:49:07,799 --> 00:49:12,160
<i>The pioneer of special effects
and that he was a prisoner of war.</i>

977
00:49:12,429 --> 00:49:14,080
<i>He drew as if it were real.</i>

978
00:49:14,101 --> 00:49:15,801
He forged passports.

979
00:49:15,845 --> 00:49:18,768
And, in <i>Dracula</i>, Hammer
built the ground floor...

980
00:49:18,914 --> 00:49:22,767
<i>of Dracula's castle and the
turrets and the mountains in the background

981
00:49:22,788 --> 00:49:26,225
<i>is a painting on glass that
It was made by Les Bowie.</i>

982
00:49:26,941 --> 00:49:30,666
Bernard Robertson started in
film industry in 1935.

983
00:49:30,752 --> 00:49:33,417
During the war, it was
a camouflage expert...

984
00:49:33,495 --> 00:49:36,483
<i>...and decoration
at Shepperton studios.</i>

985
00:49:36,548 --> 00:49:38,051
<i>And after the war...</i>

986
00:49:38,155 --> 00:49:39,892
...she met a guy...

987
00:49:40,423 --> 00:49:42,303
...named Tony Keys.

988
00:49:42,697 --> 00:49:46,600
<i>And Tony Nelson Keys later
He was an associate producer at Hammer.</i>

989
00:49:46,826 --> 00:49:50,098
I think it started in a movie
by Tod Slaughter from 1939:

990
00:49:50,189 --> 00:49:51,748
Crimes in the Dark House.

991
00:49:51,769 --> 00:49:55,333
<i>If you see the movie, you will see the setting
Hammer basic.</i>

992
00:49:55,360 --> 00:49:58,183
<i>Almost 20 years ahead,
so to speak. </i>

993
00:49:58,320 --> 00:50:00,045
<i>Hammer learned very early</i>

994
00:50:00,066 --> 00:50:03,187
<i>it was much cheaper
rent a country house

995
00:50:03,241 --> 00:50:06,682
<i>and shoot the films in the
rooms and gardens,

996
00:50:06,720 --> 00:50:10,370
<i>than renting an expensive space in
established film studios.</i>

997
00:50:10,489 --> 00:50:12,499
And the most famous was Oakley Court.

998
00:50:12,671 --> 00:50:13,499
<i>In Bray.</i>

999
00:50:13,557 --> 00:50:15,345
<i>The Oakfield Tower...</i>

1000
00:50:17,149 --> 00:50:21,061
<i>Next to Oakley Court there was another
country house called Down Place.</i>

1001
00:50:21,120 --> 00:50:24,160
<i>And, in January 1951,
Hammer moved to Down Place</i>

1002
00:50:24,200 --> 00:50:26,289
<i>and turned it into...</i>

1003
00:50:26,481 --> 00:50:27,732
<i>...Bray Studios.</i>

1004
00:50:27,795 --> 00:50:29,440
<i>There was a terrible electrical storm.</i>

1005
00:50:29,621 --> 00:50:32,010
<i>God!
The rain was pouring down.</i>

1006
00:50:32,330 --> 00:50:34,575
<i>The roof was leaking,
everything was dripping.</i>

1007
00:50:34,970 --> 00:50:37,080
And Terry Fisher says, "Let's move on!"

1008
00:50:37,635 --> 00:50:39,485
I already feel like it's my home.

1009
00:50:40,048 --> 00:50:41,969
The first proper home of my life.

1010
00:50:42,499 --> 00:50:45,525
Bernard Robinson was capable
to renew their scenes,

1011
00:50:45,546 --> 00:50:48,520
<i>both in a filming and
between filming.</i>

1012
00:50:48,712 --> 00:50:51,049
<i>They had that studio to themselves.</i>

1013
00:50:51,397 --> 00:50:54,563
<i>They built things and left them there.
This way they saved money.</i>

1014
00:50:54,698 --> 00:50:56,504
<i>The genius of Bernard Robinson...</i>

1015
00:50:57,413 --> 00:51:00,923
<i>...in many Hammer films,
reused elements...</i>

1016
00:51:00,949 --> 00:51:02,091
...to modify them...

1017
00:51:02,519 --> 00:51:04,732
<i>...relocate them, redesign them...</i>

1018
00:51:05,122 --> 00:51:08,896
...but, however, the most
profitable is using the same things...

1019
00:51:09,037 --> 00:51:10,153
<i>...again and again.</i>

1020
00:51:10,299 --> 00:51:12,096
<i>When you watch Hammer movies...</i>

1021
00:51:12,848 --> 00:51:15,091
...in, let's say in series,
or something like that...

1022
00:51:15,332 --> 00:51:17,643
...you see that everything is Bray and...

1023
00:51:18,009 --> 00:51:22,443
...you see how intelligently they continue
 using the same rooms.

1024
00:51:22,544 --> 00:51:24,760
The classic example is in <i>Dracula.</i>

1025
00:51:24,805 --> 00:51:28,180
There was one set in particular
of sets and they used it six times...

1026
00:51:28,339 --> 00:51:29,641
<i>...just by modifying them.</i>

1027
00:51:31,191 --> 00:51:34,520
<i>It started as a cemetery
and they modified it like a garden.</i>

1028
00:51:34,834 --> 00:51:38,827
<i>Then they transformed it into the living room
and stairs of Castle Dracula.</i>

1029
00:51:38,851 --> 00:51:39,847
Mr Harker.

1030
00:51:40,842 --> 00:51:42,360
I'm glad it arrived safely.

1031
00:51:42,495 --> 00:51:44,739
And, filming from an angle
slightly different,

1032
00:51:44,760 --> 00:51:46,387
they achieve an entrance hall...

1033
00:51:46,648 --> 00:51:48,601
<i>...and a second flight of stairs.</i>

1034
00:51:48,646 --> 00:51:51,578
<i>And then they modified it
totally like the library

1035
00:51:51,599 --> 00:51:53,140
<i>where Dracula dies at the end.</i>

1036
00:51:54,839 --> 00:51:59,236
And then, believe it or not, said library
appears, practically the same...

1037
00:51:59,592 --> 00:52:01,409
...<i>in</i>
Frankenstein's Revenge.

1038
00:52:01,430 --> 00:52:03,120
Sentenced to die by guillotine.

1039
00:52:03,309 --> 00:52:05,000
It's impressive, really.

1040
00:52:05,040 --> 00:52:08,040
There is a funny story about Bernard
and its austerity.

1041
00:52:08,124 --> 00:52:12,668
Sometimes he was a little daring and
I bought more wallpaper.

1042
00:52:13,017 --> 00:52:15,760
And, at the end of filming,
he took it and used it...

1043
00:52:16,578 --> 00:52:17,635
...in his house.

1044
00:52:17,720 --> 00:52:21,627
<i>They caught him when he made the movie</i>
The Two Face of Dr. Jekyll.

1045
00:52:21,648 --> 00:52:24,483
<i>He went to the premiere with his wife
and she was not happy.</i>

1046
00:52:24,842 --> 00:52:28,576
<i>She wanted to know why the new
wallpaper for your living room...</i>

1047
00:52:28,780 --> 00:52:31,847
<i>...it was suitable for upholstering the
prostitute's bedroom

1048
00:52:31,868 --> 00:52:33,652
<i>in</i> The Two Faces of Dr. Jekyll.

1049
00:52:37,491 --> 00:52:39,988
Much of the success of the first
hammer movies

1050
00:52:40,014 --> 00:52:43,760
It depends on how your decorations
They were lit by Jack Asher.

1051
00:52:47,546 --> 00:52:50,482
And it was often said that Asher
I painted with light...

1052
00:52:50,663 --> 00:52:52,213
<i>...and the movies look beautiful.</i>

1053
00:52:53,828 --> 00:52:57,684
<i>When viewing a still shot of
the movies that Jack Asher made,</i>

1054
00:52:57,760 --> 00:52:59,910
<i>the lighting is very subtle...</i>

1055
00:53:00,075 --> 00:53:01,255
...and very colorful.

1056
00:53:01,514 --> 00:53:02,937
<i>He was a perfectionist.</i>

1057
00:53:03,093 --> 00:53:04,676
<i>The shame that this entails</i>

1058
00:53:04,697 --> 00:53:08,024
<i>is that, eventually,
They thought it was too slow.</i>

1059
00:53:08,073 --> 00:53:10,084
<i>Or rather, it was not enough
 fast...</i>

1060
00:53:10,404 --> 00:53:11,424
...for Hammer.

1061
00:53:11,560 --> 00:53:15,420
Behind the scenes, at
Hammer's accountants didn't like him.

1062
00:53:15,444 --> 00:53:18,683
In the end, unfortunately,
They brought in another one named Arthur Grant.

1063
00:53:18,973 --> 00:53:22,337
<i>It was much more commercial,
achieved good results and was...</i>

1064
00:53:22,818 --> 00:53:24,347
...faster than Jack Asher.

1065
00:53:24,379 --> 00:53:28,669
And it's a shame, since the only
Hammer BAFTA nomination

1066
00:53:28,690 --> 00:53:31,243
for photography it is film
<i>The Scarlet Sword...</i>

1067
00:53:31,498 --> 00:53:35,280
<i>...what Asher did for Hammer
and it was his penultimate film.</i>

1068
00:53:35,396 --> 00:53:36,638
<i>At the end of the day...</i>

1069
00:53:37,144 --> 00:53:39,631
...time mattered
and the schedule mattered.

1070
00:53:39,787 --> 00:53:42,627
<i>Even facing the
financial limitations...</i>

1071
00:53:42,814 --> 00:53:47,000
<i>...Tony Hinds and Michael Carreras
They had sculpted the perfect team,</i>

1072
00:53:47,340 --> 00:53:50,230
<i>And it worked
Like a well-oiled machine.</i>

1073
00:53:50,411 --> 00:53:52,145
<i>Now the challenge of the study</i>

1074
00:53:52,166 --> 00:53:55,838
<i>was to continue producing films
May they have the magic of Hammer...</i>

1075
00:53:56,015 --> 00:53:59,765
<i>...while they attended to the changelings
tastes of a global audience.</i>

1076
00:53:59,839 --> 00:54:02,400
<i>Success was not guaranteed.</i>

1077
00:54:02,878 --> 00:54:05,480
<i>It was necessary to make decisions
correct...</i>

1078
00:54:05,653 --> 00:54:07,807
<i>...or everything for which Hammer
had worked

1079
00:54:07,828 --> 00:54:10,012
<i>could collapse quickly.</i>

1080
00:54:10,234 --> 00:54:12,042
The notion of a sequel would be

1081
00:54:12,062 --> 00:54:14,708
terribly
important for Hammer later.

1082
00:54:14,880 --> 00:54:18,503
<i>And that was what really
James Carreras loved it.</i>

1083
00:54:18,613 --> 00:54:21,140
<i>He loved the "Oleoduct".
It's what I wanted,</i>

1084
00:54:21,165 --> 00:54:22,619
<i>a line of products.</i>

1085
00:54:22,833 --> 00:54:26,854
<i>And he expanded it to be able to make
more and more and so on...</i>

1086
00:54:27,471 --> 00:54:28,884
<i>...saturate the world.</i>

1087
00:54:28,920 --> 00:54:30,808
And obviously, that's...

1088
00:54:30,828 --> 00:54:32,433
<i>...the law of Diminishing Returns.</i>

1089
00:54:32,463 --> 00:54:33,363
<i>And it was...</i>

1090
00:54:33,791 --> 00:54:35,804
<i>...very, very positive in the end,</i>

1091
00:54:35,828 --> 00:54:38,416
<i>and the beginning of creation
of the brand.</i>

1092
00:54:38,486 --> 00:54:42,680
<i>But, there was, perhaps,
a slight omen of doom.</i>

1093
00:54:42,789 --> 00:54:44,995
<i>Sorry, something is wrong here.</i>

1094
00:54:45,394 --> 00:54:49,432
<i>Not everyone on the Hammer team believed
in James Carreras' strategy

1095
00:54:49,453 --> 00:54:52,000
<i>to create a succession of sequels.</i>

1096
00:54:53,160 --> 00:54:57,187
<i>James' own son questioned
some decisions of his father.</i>

1097
00:54:57,516 --> 00:55:00,480
I think Michael had a relationship
 difficult with horror movies.

1098
00:55:00,530 --> 00:55:04,472
Michael Carreras was interested
go beyond the gothic, and when he did...

1099
00:55:04,580 --> 00:55:06,068
<i>...a gothic movie,</i>

1100
00:55:06,089 --> 00:55:09,716
<i>I wanted to add others
condiments, other elements.</i>

1101
00:55:10,061 --> 00:55:13,988
<i>And he really...
I desperately wanted to create.</i>

1102
00:55:14,070 --> 00:55:18,131
<i>I wanted to be an artist, and I never did.
he completely achieved the level that he...</i>

1103
00:55:18,203 --> 00:55:19,320
...I liked it, I think.

1104
00:55:19,363 --> 00:55:23,283
I liked to diversify.
If I couldn't diversify the company...

1105
00:55:23,350 --> 00:55:26,088
<i>...I certainly liked it
diversify my...</i>

1106
00:55:26,792 --> 00:55:28,729
<i>...participations,
when possible.</i>

1107
00:55:28,754 --> 00:55:30,859
<i>But,
James wasn't interested in that.</i>

1108
00:55:30,941 --> 00:55:33,914
<i>Unfortunately, some
of the currents I tried...</i>

1109
00:55:34,539 --> 00:55:35,497
<i>...instill...</i>

1110
00:55:35,880 --> 00:55:39,160
<i>...in the product line of
the company, they didn't work.</i>

1111
00:55:39,527 --> 00:55:42,360
And some of them were
something frightening.

1112
00:55:42,553 --> 00:55:44,480
Lord... how they hurt!

1113
00:55:44,826 --> 00:55:46,279
It hurts to see them.

1114
00:55:50,284 --> 00:55:52,228
<b>Attention sailor! (1961)</b>

1115
00:55:52,249 --> 00:55:55,386
[A collection of old jokes
represented without desire or originality]

1116
00:55:55,415 --> 00:55:57,105
<b>What a crazy world. (1963)</b>

1117
00:55:57,130 --> 00:56:00,407
[Rudimentary steering
and without instincts, without taste or charisma.]

1118
00:56:00,452 --> 00:56:02,113
<b>Luna Zero Two (1969)</b>

1119
00:56:02,134 --> 00:56:05,592
[A fiasco, even in the usually
capable hands of Michael Carreras.]

1120
00:56:05,613 --> 00:56:07,285
<b>Weekend with Lulu (1961)</b>

1121
00:56:07,306 --> 00:56:09,012
[Waste of insipid humor]

1122
00:56:09,033 --> 00:56:12,280
Can't you leave me alone?
I do my best!

1123
00:56:12,320 --> 00:56:15,080
Then I went and did my thing for
a couple of years.

1124
00:56:15,120 --> 00:56:16,874
<i>I made a musical.</i>

1125
00:56:19,185 --> 00:56:22,076
<i>Things that would never have been
could do in Hammer.</i>

1126
00:56:25,810 --> 00:56:27,313
And that would be...

1127
00:56:27,397 --> 00:56:31,854
Things were starting to have a
a certain bad look for the company.

1128
00:56:32,142 --> 00:56:35,357
Bray closed for a short time
early 60's

1129
00:56:35,382 --> 00:56:37,404
and people had to look for other jobs.

1130
00:56:37,425 --> 00:56:38,967
And then, of course...

1131
00:56:39,177 --> 00:56:41,772
<i>...Hammer finally leaves
by Bray Studios.</i>

1132
00:56:42,212 --> 00:56:45,520
<i>In September 1966,
I think it was then.</i>

1133
00:56:45,699 --> 00:56:49,124
A very particular characteristic
of that Bray flavor...

1134
00:56:50,090 --> 00:56:51,402
...is lost at that moment.

1135
00:56:51,458 --> 00:56:55,518
When they left Bray, they made films
like any other company...

1136
00:56:55,619 --> 00:56:57,611
<i>...in Pinewood, Elstree or any
another place.</i>

1137
00:56:57,721 --> 00:57:00,944
The last film in Bray was
<i>Shroud of the Mummy</i> in 1966.

1138
00:57:01,040 --> 00:57:03,992
And the movies they made
then in Elstree...

1139
00:57:04,013 --> 00:57:06,339
They don't even compare to the movies
from Bray.

1140
00:57:06,360 --> 00:57:07,865
<i>They should have gone to Elstree</i>

1141
00:57:07,886 --> 00:57:10,304
<i>because many of his films
He distributed them...</i>

1142
00:57:10,904 --> 00:57:15,028
<i>...the ABC Cinema company.
And ABC owned and ran Elstree,</i>

1143
00:57:15,057 --> 00:57:17,328
<i>They said:
"If we are going to release his films..."</i>

1144
00:57:17,360 --> 00:57:19,547
<i>"...they will have to do them in
our studio."</i>

1145
00:57:19,572 --> 00:57:22,976
<i>They started making decorations
exteriors in interior settings,</i>

1146
00:57:22,997 --> 00:57:25,749
<i>and the exterior of the castle
Dracula was painted.</i>

1147
00:57:25,810 --> 00:57:27,506
It seemed fake and looked horrible.

1148
00:57:27,527 --> 00:57:29,140
And they began to see themselves devalued.

1149
00:57:29,200 --> 00:57:32,232
<i>External forces began
to affect Hammer.</i>

1150
00:57:32,339 --> 00:57:33,760
<i>When leaving Bray,</i>

1151
00:57:33,820 --> 00:57:37,548
<i>the iconic producer
He had lost his spiritual home.</i>

1152
00:57:37,577 --> 00:57:40,211
<i>The things that permeated
 Hammer with his magic...</i>

1153
00:57:40,463 --> 00:57:42,083
<i>...they were beginning to erode.</i>

1154
00:57:42,368 --> 00:57:44,640
<i>His steps,
previously safe...</i>

1155
00:57:44,901 --> 00:57:48,001
<i>...now they were beginning to stumble
in the dark.</i>

1156
00:57:48,116 --> 00:57:50,052
<i>Mistakes that got worse</i>

1157
00:57:50,080 --> 00:57:53,449
<i>when key members of the
team also left.</i>

1158
00:57:53,601 --> 00:57:56,874
The team that remained towards
the end of the 1960s

1159
00:57:56,895 --> 00:57:58,560
It was a little different.

1160
00:57:58,930 --> 00:58:02,582
And at the time when some
They left to do other things.

1161
00:58:02,631 --> 00:58:04,424
and it starts to dilute...

1162
00:58:04,765 --> 00:58:06,960
...it's easy to lose your identity
at that point.

1163
00:58:07,175 --> 00:58:09,960
He had a very identity
marked and...

1164
00:58:11,574 --> 00:58:13,160
...I don't know where he went.

1165
00:58:13,200 --> 00:58:15,723
<i>My father broke his leg
right after

1166
00:58:15,744 --> 00:58:19,000
Frankenstein Created Woman,
<i>I think, and it became difficult</i>

1167
00:58:19,040 --> 00:58:22,134
<i>As for the insurance issue,
continue in that environment.</i>

1168
00:58:22,450 --> 00:58:23,951
<i>And he was getting old.</i>

1169
00:58:24,144 --> 00:58:27,430
When Phil Leakey asked
who worked for Hammer,

1170
00:58:27,491 --> 00:58:29,331
They put him on leave.

1171
00:58:29,485 --> 00:58:32,847
<i>Which, I think, was something at least
unheard of at that time.</i>

1172
00:58:32,888 --> 00:58:36,601
<i>And he discovered it, one day, that he didn't 
They had paid and it was not listed.</i>

1173
00:58:36,681 --> 00:58:38,959
<i>And so he decided that he would leave
the company.</i>

1174
00:58:45,617 --> 00:58:47,746
<i>But Phil Leakey and Terence Fisher...</i>

1175
00:58:47,969 --> 00:58:50,596
<i>...they were not the only ones to leave
the Hammer.</i>

1176
00:58:50,888 --> 00:58:52,455
<i>In the following years,</i>

1177
00:58:52,476 --> 00:58:55,924
<i>many of the key members
of the team also left.</i>

1178
00:58:56,003 --> 00:58:59,640
<i>Each outing was a blow
devastating for the company.</i>

1179
00:58:59,794 --> 00:59:03,668
<i>But, no exit shook the
foundations of Hammer's house...</i>

1180
00:59:03,822 --> 00:59:06,336
<i>...as much as the one who still
was to come.</i>

1181
00:59:06,616 --> 00:59:10,080
<i>Get ready
for the biggest impact of all!</i>

1182
00:59:10,196 --> 00:59:13,297
The loss of Tony Hinds was
a blow for Hammer.

1183
00:59:13,515 --> 00:59:16,275
The reason he left Hammer
It was for two things:

1184
00:59:16,653 --> 00:59:18,071
In 1968...

1185
00:59:18,658 --> 00:59:20,688
...Hammer had collaborated on

1186
00:59:20,709 --> 00:59:22,957
the television series called
<i>Journey into the Unknown.</i>

1187
00:59:22,978 --> 00:59:27,035
<i>ABC decided it wanted to have
his own producer above him,</i>

1188
00:59:27,064 --> 00:59:30,360
That was Joan Harrison,
who was Alfred Hitchcock's assistant.</i>

1189
00:59:30,699 --> 00:59:34,160
And Tony Hinds's phlegm
upset quite a bit,

1190
00:59:34,200 --> 00:59:36,431
because he discovered himself,
indeed...

1191
00:59:36,673 --> 00:59:37,578
<i>...working...</i>

1192
00:59:37,841 --> 00:59:39,198
<i>...almost like his assistant.</i>

1193
00:59:39,636 --> 00:59:41,776
<i>And she took all control away from him.</i>

1194
00:59:42,356 --> 00:59:45,319
Now I had to make all the decisions

1195
00:59:45,339 --> 00:59:47,270
with her and she had to approve them.

1196
00:59:47,294 --> 00:59:50,090
And that was very frustrating for him.
and it disenchanted him.

1197
00:59:50,994 --> 00:59:53,248
A year later, in 1969,

1198
00:59:53,269 --> 00:59:55,858
he writes the script
<i>Taste Dracula's Blood.</i>

1199
00:59:55,960 --> 00:59:57,770
<i>Freddie Francis's son</i>

1200
00:59:57,791 --> 01:00:02,134
<i>he sent a script to Hammer called
Dracula's Blood Feast.</i>

1201
01:00:02,404 --> 01:00:04,735
<i>Well,
it had been said...</i>

1202
01:00:05,273 --> 01:00:09,204
...that Hinds took two scenes from
someone else's script and used them.

1203
01:00:09,240 --> 01:00:12,680
If that ever happened,
I guess he assumed...

1204
01:00:12,720 --> 01:00:15,939
that the script was legitimate and
which was theirs.

1205
01:00:16,242 --> 01:00:19,147
<i>Tony Hinds was quite
upset and fed up.</i>

1206
01:00:19,358 --> 01:00:20,723
<i>And so he...</i>

1207
01:00:21,017 --> 01:00:24,551
...he retired to the enviable
young age of 48 years.

1208
01:00:24,983 --> 01:00:28,637
Creatively, it was a coup.
I think he left at the moment...

1209
01:00:29,142 --> 01:00:30,130
...in which...

1210
01:00:30,682 --> 01:00:32,777
...things were relaxing.

1211
01:00:34,768 --> 01:00:37,000
<i>When Tony Hinds left
by Hammer,</i>

1212
01:00:37,040 --> 01:00:41,160
<i>the world was changing,
especially the film industry.</i>

1213
01:00:41,183 --> 01:00:43,055
<i>British film censorship</i>

1214
01:00:43,076 --> 01:00:45,716
<i>relaxed his vision on the
horror genre,

1215
01:00:45,737 --> 01:00:47,752
<i>drastically reducing strength</i>

1216
01:00:47,773 --> 01:00:50,480
<i>of the impact of the arsenal
from Hammer.</i>

1217
01:00:50,501 --> 01:00:53,221
<i>If Hammer wanted to keep the
 proud badge

1218
01:00:53,242 --> 01:00:55,128
<i>of an X rating in their
 movies,

1219
01:00:55,149 --> 01:00:58,308
<i>they would have to intensify their
levels of violence,

1220
01:00:58,329 --> 01:01:00,360
<i>blood and sex on the screen.</i>

1221
01:01:00,640 --> 01:01:04,760
<i>But doing so could endanger
Hammer's magic formula.</i>

1222
01:01:04,800 --> 01:01:06,840
Hammer had elegance.

1223
01:01:06,880 --> 01:01:10,560
And no matter how
spilled blood,

1224
01:01:10,581 --> 01:01:13,421
there was always respect for
the elegance.

1225
01:01:13,600 --> 01:01:17,920
Until they started to undress
to everyone and show everything.

1226
01:01:18,508 --> 01:01:20,160
<i>The mystery had disappeared.</i>

1227
01:01:20,475 --> 01:01:23,640
His films had always been
provocatively erotic,

1228
01:01:23,693 --> 01:01:25,581
as far as the censor allowed.

1229
01:01:25,720 --> 01:01:28,418
But now that the barriers
censorship fell...

1230
01:01:28,549 --> 01:01:30,503
<i>...the eroticism intensified.</i>

1231
01:01:30,560 --> 01:01:32,960
<i>You could put many more
Nudes on screen.</i>

1232
01:01:32,981 --> 01:01:35,734
<i>A lot of Hammer's stuff
They were brilliant in suggesting

1233
01:01:35,755 --> 01:01:37,781
<i>and not be explicit, almost like...</i>

1234
01:01:37,873 --> 01:01:39,767
...have your own code.

1235
01:01:40,038 --> 01:01:42,249
<i>Suddenly they turned
permissible in everything.</i>

1236
01:01:42,270 --> 01:01:45,311
<i>And they began to rely on
that kind of cinematography,

1237
01:01:45,332 --> 01:01:47,733
<i>and they probably shouldn't have
do it. </i>

1238
01:01:47,754 --> 01:01:50,073
<i>According to Tony Hinds,
Jimmy Carreras told him:</i>

1239
01:01:50,098 --> 01:01:52,822
"It's amazing, Tony,
now you can do anything"

1240
01:01:53,039 --> 01:01:54,124
<i>And Tony said:</i>

1241
01:01:54,256 --> 01:01:57,401
"I'm not sure it's about
to do anything."

1242
01:01:57,612 --> 01:01:58,783
His impulse...

1243
01:01:58,981 --> 01:02:02,938
<i>...towards more nudity, I think
was the disappearance of Hammer.</i>

1244
01:02:03,160 --> 01:02:05,578
<i>They wanted to preserve the
X rating on his movies,</i>

1245
01:02:05,599 --> 01:02:08,154
<i>so they had to use
a little more blood...</i>

1246
01:02:09,034 --> 01:02:11,339
<i>...and a little more sex and
violence in general,

1247
01:02:11,360 --> 01:02:13,520
<i>to obtain that qualification.</i>

1248
01:02:13,541 --> 01:02:15,137
<i>They are losing their identity</i>

1249
01:02:15,158 --> 01:02:18,108
<i>in an effort to continue
being relevant...</i>

1250
01:02:18,297 --> 01:02:21,261
...before looking for a way
to continue impacting, I think.

1251
01:02:22,193 --> 01:02:24,418
The true monster that emerges...

1252
01:02:24,528 --> 01:02:28,368
<i>...is sexual exploitation
towards which the films are directed.</i>

1253
01:02:28,389 --> 01:02:29,537
<i>In those movies...</i>

1254
01:02:29,620 --> 01:02:32,056
...there was a lot more nudity
and more sex...

1255
01:02:32,169 --> 01:02:36,103
<i>...that they put it in the same way, either
whether history needed it or not.</i>

1256
01:02:36,242 --> 01:02:38,513
I mean, no, I'm sorry. No.

1257
01:02:38,848 --> 01:02:39,772
Those...

1258
01:02:39,828 --> 01:02:43,968
<i>...lesbian vampire movies,
of lust and vampire lovers.</i>

1259
01:02:46,512 --> 01:02:48,512
<i>It was Jimmy Carreras who...</i>

1260
01:02:49,312 --> 01:02:51,699
<i>...I was eager to take advantage of that.</i>

1261
01:02:51,726 --> 01:02:55,357
<i>But, at the same time, it was for
add independent producers.</i>

1262
01:02:55,378 --> 01:02:58,953
<i>And they were made, indeed,
 by Harry Fine and Michael Style,</i>

1263
01:02:58,977 --> 01:03:00,533
<i>from Fantail Films.</i>

1264
01:03:00,759 --> 01:03:02,000
They were abominable.

1265
01:03:02,242 --> 01:03:04,918
<i>Welcome to school
finishing...</i>

1266
01:03:05,290 --> 01:03:07,763
<i>...where you really end up.</i>

1267
01:03:08,774 --> 01:03:12,129
I was on set when
Michael Styles was walking around...

1268
01:03:12,193 --> 01:03:15,277
<i>...with short stockings on
the hand and then...</i>

1269
01:03:15,764 --> 01:03:17,524
...the deputy director had them.

1270
01:03:17,597 --> 01:03:19,385
<i>And I said, "What's wrong?"
And he tells me: </i>

1271
01:03:19,804 --> 01:03:22,560
<i>"He wants one of the girls
put them on..."</i>

1272
01:03:22,689 --> 01:03:25,162
<i>"...and it has to be topless
in one of the bedrooms."</i>

1273
01:03:26,400 --> 01:03:28,489
I'm going to mention a monster:

1274
01:03:28,677 --> 01:03:29,858
Michael Styles.

1275
01:03:30,286 --> 01:03:32,767
Brought from who knows where.

1276
01:03:33,935 --> 01:03:36,160
With his sausage on stage...

1277
01:03:37,156 --> 01:03:39,440
...his pornography portfolio...

1278
01:03:40,855 --> 01:03:42,937
...his whisper in my ear...

1279
01:03:44,454 --> 01:03:46,315
...and all kinds of...

1280
01:03:46,720 --> 01:03:48,126
...obscenities.

1281
01:03:48,870 --> 01:03:50,529
His cruelty.

1282
01:03:51,346 --> 01:03:53,477
And that's why it makes me sick.

1283
01:03:56,945 --> 01:03:58,558
Michael Style, especially...

1284
01:03:59,240 --> 01:04:01,055
...had a very different approach

1285
01:04:01,075 --> 01:04:03,936
to the old gentlemanly method
by Hammer.

1286
01:04:04,200 --> 01:04:06,280
I'm dying in bed...

1287
01:04:06,675 --> 01:04:09,880
...because the lesbian vampire
It has bitten me.

1288
01:04:10,005 --> 01:04:14,109
And Michael Styles approaches me
and whispers in my ear:

1289
01:04:14,474 --> 01:04:16,050
<i>"You better heat this..."</i>

1290
01:04:16,071 --> 01:04:19,339
<i>"...because everyone will stay
asleep in the hallways."</i>

1291
01:04:19,603 --> 01:04:21,560
<i>And Roy Ward Baker grabbed him</i>

1292
01:04:21,604 --> 01:04:24,368
<i>and kicked him off the stage,
literally.</i>

1293
01:04:24,438 --> 01:04:27,617
<i>I mean, he was cruel to me
and I didn't know what it meant.</i>

1294
01:04:27,893 --> 01:04:31,920
<i>But, what it meant was that I
I had to writhe in bed...</i>

1295
01:04:32,512 --> 01:04:34,568
<i>...and have orgasm after orgasm.</i>

1296
01:04:34,589 --> 01:04:37,918
<i>And I didn't know what that was.
I was very, very naive.</i>

1297
01:04:37,939 --> 01:04:40,898
<i>No one believes that Roy Wood Baker
He came up to me and said:

1298
01:04:40,918 --> 01:04:42,879
<i>"Maddy, forget about all that."</i>

1299
01:04:42,919 --> 01:04:46,228
<i>"Pretend you have a nightmare."
And that's what I did.</i>

1300
01:04:50,407 --> 01:04:52,099
It was <i>Vampire Lovers.</i>

1301
01:04:52,120 --> 01:04:54,736
And I think it was a movie
sensational, really.

1302
01:04:54,795 --> 01:04:56,724
Nudity could have been avoided...

1303
01:04:56,859 --> 01:04:58,734
I think, personal opinion,

1304
01:04:58,755 --> 01:05:02,503
that everyone would have stayed
happy without that, but, there we are.

1305
01:05:02,680 --> 01:05:05,520
Hammer did not entertain
the boys a lot of time.

1306
01:05:05,976 --> 01:05:09,734
But, however,
that kind of reputation stuck.

1307
01:05:09,819 --> 01:05:13,084
<i>While some in Hammer
They sought to exploit women,

1308
01:05:13,105 --> 01:05:16,763
<i>others wanted to give the
actresses most important roles</i>

1309
01:05:16,788 --> 01:05:19,191
<i>in which they really could
stand out.</i>

1310
01:05:19,695 --> 01:05:22,319
I think that,
by wanting to have the X rating...

1311
01:05:22,583 --> 01:05:25,259
...and they passed from the blood
to sex...

1312
01:05:25,704 --> 01:05:29,607
<i>...something that was really interesting
is to give women more space.</i>

1313
01:05:29,628 --> 01:05:32,330
<i>Female roles
They are very striking, you know?</i>

1314
01:05:32,376 --> 01:05:34,269
<i>It's quite a repertoire...</i>

1315
01:05:34,385 --> 01:05:35,296
...surprising.

1316
01:05:35,405 --> 01:05:37,280
They allowed female villains.

1317
01:05:37,320 --> 01:05:40,343
<i>And not only because they were
controlled by Dracula,

1318
01:05:40,364 --> 01:05:42,280
<i>they have their own motivation.</i>

1319
01:05:42,320 --> 01:05:46,294
<i>It gave rise to characters like
Ingrid Pitt's characters

1320
01:05:46,756 --> 01:05:51,004
<i>Villains who are the ones in charge,
and that's not something you see a lot</i>

1321
01:05:51,035 --> 01:05:52,624
<i>in the Femmes Fatales..</i>

1322
01:05:52,726 --> 01:05:54,353
...from the history of cinema.

1323
01:05:54,396 --> 01:05:56,866
We have Barbara Shelley,
Carolina Monroe...

1324
01:05:58,904 --> 01:06:02,784
I was a very shy girl.
I suffered a lot for...

1325
01:06:03,571 --> 01:06:07,013
<i>I guess currently
They would call it anxiety, but...</i>

1326
01:06:07,737 --> 01:06:10,037
<i>...I didn't have much confidence.</i>

1327
01:06:10,187 --> 01:06:12,301
<i>...Martine Beswick, Ingrid Pitt...</i>

1328
01:06:12,694 --> 01:06:14,573
My favorite was Ingrid Pitt.

1329
01:06:14,652 --> 01:06:16,848
It was great in
<i>The Vampire Lovers</i>

1330
01:06:16,922 --> 01:06:20,200
<i>Once I took her on a piggyback
to the studio...</i>

1331
01:06:20,235 --> 01:06:21,499
...and it was lovely.

1332
01:06:22,080 --> 01:06:24,229
It was like:
"Well, if we need nudes..."

1333
01:06:24,275 --> 01:06:27,112
<i>"...at least give those
actresses something to do."</i>

1334
01:06:27,136 --> 01:06:30,563
<i>And the reason was that 
They were trying to impress.</i>

1335
01:06:31,374 --> 01:06:33,369
I made three films with Hammer.

1336
01:06:33,498 --> 01:06:36,216
The first
<i>One million years before Christ.</i>

1337
01:06:36,237 --> 01:06:38,466
Know? That was impressive.

1338
01:06:38,592 --> 01:06:42,239
<i>I definitely remember being
going to the movies in Burbank

1339
01:06:42,276 --> 01:06:44,904
<i>to see</i>
One Million Years Before Christ.

1340
01:06:45,009 --> 01:06:47,700
<i>There was a long queue
turned the corner.</i>

1341
01:06:47,721 --> 01:06:50,440
<i>We walked and the children talked
of the dinosaurs

1342
01:06:50,480 --> 01:06:52,970
<i>and the teenagers were talking
of her. Do you know?</i>

1343
01:06:52,991 --> 01:06:55,134
<i>And the conversations went and...</i>

1344
01:06:55,244 --> 01:06:59,100
...they came according to the age of the
people who were waiting in line.

1345
01:07:00,377 --> 01:07:03,944
And the second was the brilliant one
movie...

1346
01:07:04,270 --> 01:07:06,108
...Prehistoric Woman.

1347
01:07:06,254 --> 01:07:09,007
- Why did you come?
- I can only believe...

1348
01:07:09,191 --> 01:07:12,632
- ...that destiny brought me here.
- And he brought you to me.

1349
01:07:13,875 --> 01:07:17,891
One of the greats. and the third
<i>Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde.</i>

1350
01:07:18,351 --> 01:07:20,200
<i>Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde</i>is...

1351
01:07:20,442 --> 01:07:23,610
<i>...largely, perhaps because
was written by Brian Clemens,</i>

1352
01:07:23,631 --> 01:07:27,339
<i>Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde
It is an enormously ingenious film.

1353
01:07:27,445 --> 01:07:29,140
I think the responsibility

1354
01:07:29,169 --> 01:07:31,854
to express gender ideas
bolder

1355
01:07:31,875 --> 01:07:34,605
and a more daring carnality
in Hammer films,

1356
01:07:34,637 --> 01:07:37,560
It can be almost entirely...

1357
01:07:38,121 --> 01:07:39,840
...because of Brian Clemens.

1358
01:07:44,840 --> 01:07:46,521
Brian Clemens was a visionary.

1359
01:07:46,713 --> 01:07:49,177
<i>He was shameless.
It was daring.</i>

1360
01:07:49,288 --> 01:07:52,502
<i>And he said: "In my script,
Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde..."</i>

1361
01:07:52,523 --> 01:07:54,506
<i>"...yes, I'll give them some sex..."</i>

1362
01:07:54,527 --> 01:07:57,505
<i>"...but, damn, it's not going to have
meaning and it will be great."</i>

1363
01:07:57,526 --> 01:08:00,325
"It's going to be as cool as the
Damn Emma Peel!"

1364
01:08:00,570 --> 01:08:02,023
<i>I think he was...</i>

1365
01:08:02,166 --> 01:08:04,807
<i>...in the studio restaurant...</i>

1366
01:08:04,906 --> 01:08:07,149
...and Jimmy Carreras was in the
next table.

1367
01:08:07,170 --> 01:08:10,066
And suddenly Brian writes
on a piece of paper

1368
01:08:10,087 --> 01:08:11,710
"Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde."

1369
01:08:12,013 --> 01:08:14,858
Jimmy said:
"Come see me in my office tomorrow."

1370
01:08:15,014 --> 01:08:19,309
By the time Brian gets back to his office,
They had already ordered the poster.

1371
01:08:19,330 --> 01:08:22,640
<i>I didn't have a single word written
at that time.</i>

1372
01:08:23,033 --> 01:08:25,090
One of the classic stories
by Hammer,

1373
01:08:25,111 --> 01:08:27,919
It is Jimmy Carreras' hobby
for ordering posters.

1374
01:08:28,009 --> 01:08:30,249
He would go to New York and meet...

1375
01:08:30,699 --> 01:08:32,720
...with the bosses of the big ones.

1376
01:08:32,760 --> 01:08:35,796
<i>20th Century Fox,
Columbia, Warner...</i>

1377
01:08:36,021 --> 01:08:38,144
<i>...and I asked them for ideas.</i>

1378
01:08:38,525 --> 01:08:40,451
<i>And they filled him with ideas.</i>

1379
01:08:40,924 --> 01:08:43,256
<i>Then he returned to England
with those ideas,

1380
01:08:43,277 --> 01:08:46,659
<i>and chose the ones that were most suitable
or they seemed good.</i>

1381
01:08:47,216 --> 01:08:50,786
And then I would receive a poster
provisional of the artist who made them.

1382
01:08:50,807 --> 01:08:53,927
He took it to the US and said:
"It's our next movie."

1383
01:08:54,611 --> 01:08:58,360
<i>And then the others began to
put money in it.</i>

1384
01:08:58,400 --> 01:09:01,185
It said: "Do you want to see a script or
know who works?"

1385
01:09:01,206 --> 01:09:04,482
"Don't worry, it's a
Hammer movie and everything will be fine."

1386
01:09:04,545 --> 01:09:06,345
And he came back and told me:

1387
01:09:06,473 --> 01:09:09,840
"That's our next movie.
I'm leaving and you write it now."

1388
01:09:10,240 --> 01:09:13,104
- "What do you say?"
- "We will start in six weeks."

1389
01:09:13,697 --> 01:09:15,399
That's how they worked,

1390
01:09:15,420 --> 01:09:18,611
he sold them an idea
based on a provisional poster

1391
01:09:18,636 --> 01:09:20,484
before having the script written.

1392
01:09:20,524 --> 01:09:22,529
There is a wonderful treasure of...

1393
01:09:23,517 --> 01:09:26,587
<i>...tremendously creepy posters...</i>

1394
01:09:27,038 --> 01:09:30,080
<i>...for films that often
They turned out to be

1395
01:09:30,120 --> 01:09:32,600
<i>calmer than
seen on the posters.</i>

1396
01:09:33,012 --> 01:09:34,914
<i>Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde,

1397
01:09:34,934 --> 01:09:37,263
is an example of a movie
that examines

1398
01:09:37,284 --> 01:09:39,443
the sexual duality within 
of the genre.

1399
01:09:39,677 --> 01:09:40,858
<i>Dr. Jekyll.</i>

1400
01:09:41,248 --> 01:09:42,396
<i>Sister Hyde.</i>

1401
01:09:42,905 --> 01:09:44,406
<i>Man or woman.</i>

1402
01:09:45,640 --> 01:09:46,890
<i>Or both?</i>

1403
01:09:47,230 --> 01:09:50,590
<i>When I read the script, I thought:
"It could be really interesting."</i>

1404
01:09:50,833 --> 01:09:54,661
I am one of those who believe that everyone
we have something masculine and feminine.

1405
01:09:55,644 --> 01:09:58,678
And I would like to be able to explore it
more, really.

1406
01:09:59,381 --> 01:10:03,090
<i>But, at that moment they were
very busy trying to get it done..</i>

1407
01:10:04,867 --> 01:10:06,073
...a total nude...

1408
01:10:06,166 --> 01:10:07,597
<i>...which was not in the script.</i>

1409
01:10:07,760 --> 01:10:11,073
<i>I was very happy to show
my breasts, because...</i>

1410
01:10:11,387 --> 01:10:12,746
<i>...the issue is that if...</i>

1411
01:10:12,900 --> 01:10:16,078
...he becomes her,
She will have to find out...

1412
01:10:17,123 --> 01:10:19,409
<i>...what is the power.</i>

1413
01:10:21,391 --> 01:10:23,699
<i>And that was very interesting
to do.</i>

1414
01:10:23,858 --> 01:10:25,996
<i>Really interesting to do.</i>

1415
01:10:27,207 --> 01:10:31,087
And I wish that
Let's delve deeper into it.

1416
01:10:31,280 --> 01:10:34,331
Because we would have...
There should be more confusion...

1417
01:10:35,137 --> 01:10:36,477
...from both sides.

1418
01:10:37,298 --> 01:10:39,607
It is I who exist, Doctor Jekyll.

1419
01:10:39,890 --> 01:10:41,101
Not you.

1420
01:10:42,152 --> 01:10:44,987
<i>Brian Clemens was able
to contribute a...</i>

1421
01:10:45,252 --> 01:10:47,567
<i>...different type of sexuality.</i>

1422
01:10:47,805 --> 01:10:51,159
<i>And Martine Beswick was so
imposing and powerful that,</i>

1423
01:10:51,179 --> 01:10:52,859
<i>even if it is exposed...</i>

1424
01:10:53,282 --> 01:10:56,464
<i>...is correct for the script
as the character...</i>

1425
01:10:56,542 --> 01:11:00,416
...learn about what your new
gender identity.

1426
01:11:00,629 --> 01:11:03,260
<i>Clemens was about to
carry Hammer

1427
01:11:03,299 --> 01:11:05,876
<i>in a new direction,
bold and exciting.</i>

1428
01:11:05,897 --> 01:11:10,235
<i>But, the company was about
of suffering another devastating blow.</i>

1429
01:11:10,875 --> 01:11:12,450
In 1969...

1430
01:11:12,727 --> 01:11:14,902
...american studies
they begin to withdraw

1431
01:11:14,923 --> 01:11:17,600
because they suffer losses
forceful at home.

1432
01:11:18,040 --> 01:11:20,067
No longer financially viable

1433
01:11:20,088 --> 01:11:23,151
invest so much in the industry
 British cinema.

1434
01:11:23,222 --> 01:11:26,354
James Carreras goes to his
Friends of the Variety Club.

1435
01:11:26,917 --> 01:11:29,400
Mainly to
Bernard Delfonte, from the EMI.

1436
01:11:29,693 --> 01:11:32,912
And agree to finance the films
by Hammer in the 70s.

1437
01:11:33,397 --> 01:11:35,531
But now,
The budgets are tiny.

1438
01:11:35,552 --> 01:11:37,920
They are 100 thousand pounds for
a movie.

1439
01:11:37,941 --> 01:11:40,414
To put it in context,
12 years ago...

1440
01:11:40,811 --> 01:11:43,093
The Curse of Frankenstein
<i>it cost 80,000.</i>

1441
01:11:43,147 --> 01:11:45,560
<i>In 1957,</i>
 Dracula <i>cost 90,000 pounds.</i>

1442
01:11:45,595 --> 01:11:47,348
<i>Twelve years later,
with inflation,

1443
01:11:47,380 --> 01:11:49,487
<i>it had to be fixed with
100,000 pounds.</i>

1444
01:11:49,527 --> 01:11:51,904
<i>And the budget did not include
to Elstree,</i>

1445
01:11:51,925 --> 01:11:56,042
<i>where they made the movies that
They used to do it at Bray Studios.</i>

1446
01:11:56,460 --> 01:11:58,171
<i>In the fall of 1970,</i>

1447
01:11:58,192 --> 01:12:02,205
<i>James Carreras asked his
son Michael to return to the company.</i>

1448
01:12:02,300 --> 01:12:04,730
<i>To his former role of
Executive Producer.</i>

1449
01:12:04,804 --> 01:12:06,695
<i>Michael doesn't want to do it again. </i>

1450
01:12:06,797 --> 01:12:08,699
<i>He already did it and that's why he says no.</i>

1451
01:12:08,720 --> 01:12:11,840
<i>And this causes another big breakup.
between father and son.</i>

1452
01:12:12,016 --> 01:12:13,803
<i>Jimmy Carreras knew about...</i>

1453
01:12:13,919 --> 01:12:17,848
...crisis that Hammer was addressing
in the year 1970.

1454
01:12:18,105 --> 01:12:20,267
I say,
He was there, he closed the deals.

1455
01:12:20,287 --> 01:12:24,343
And by 1970 they were agreements
non-existent with American studies.

1456
01:12:24,464 --> 01:12:26,671
And then James tells him:

1457
01:12:26,934 --> 01:12:29,458
"Why don't you come back and be
CEO?"

1458
01:12:29,715 --> 01:12:31,274
And Michael begins...

1459
01:12:31,358 --> 01:12:34,882
<i>...on January 4, 1971
as CEO of Hammer.</i>

1460
01:12:34,909 --> 01:12:38,509
<i>As soon as Michael Carreras takes office,
Things seem to be getting better.</i>

1461
01:12:39,068 --> 01:12:41,842
They decide...
abandon completely

1462
01:12:41,866 --> 01:12:43,780
the sexy movies they made for...

1463
01:12:43,911 --> 01:12:45,905
Frankenstein and the
Monster from Hell.

1464
01:12:45,926 --> 01:12:48,833
<i>They call Terence Fisher
to make his last film.</i>

1465
01:12:48,854 --> 01:12:51,243
<i>Peter Cushing
makes the Baron for the last time.</i>

1466
01:12:51,288 --> 01:12:54,721
<i>It's a kind of return
to the old Gothic of the Hammer.</i>

1467
01:12:54,795 --> 01:12:57,999
<i>And then they tried to mix
gothic horror...</i>

1468
01:12:58,323 --> 01:13:01,383
...with elements of satanic terror.

1469
01:13:01,502 --> 01:13:04,487
<i>Hammer must have woken up
to remain relevant.</i>

1470
01:13:04,508 --> 01:13:06,104
<i>And it became something like...</i>

1471
01:13:06,302 --> 01:13:08,296
"We make the film as it comes"

1472
01:13:08,410 --> 01:13:11,878
One that catches my attention is
<i>Dracula</i> from 1972.

1473
01:13:11,899 --> 01:13:15,459
<i>I am one of many people who
They were patient with that one.</i>

1474
01:13:15,508 --> 01:13:19,150
<i>It's one that has always
interested because he had...</i>

1475
01:13:19,211 --> 01:13:21,485
...something very transitional
about it.

1476
01:13:23,899 --> 01:13:25,871
It can be said that they began...

1477
01:13:25,988 --> 01:13:28,698
<i>...to lose our way and
get into something that...</i>

1478
01:13:29,008 --> 01:13:32,126
...it was very different from what
They used to be very good.

1479
01:13:32,196 --> 01:13:34,803
They were no longer based on
classic stories.

1480
01:13:34,882 --> 01:13:37,205
<i>They no longer knew where they were going.</i>

1481
01:13:37,747 --> 01:13:41,333
The adventurous spirit that marked
the early years of the 60's...

1482
01:13:41,761 --> 01:13:45,474
...wasn't anywhere,
because a lot of the staff...

1483
01:13:45,661 --> 01:13:46,860
...was no longer there.

1484
01:13:48,864 --> 01:13:52,501
<i>The famous creators who had
 forged Hammer</i>'s success

1485
01:13:52,530 --> 01:13:55,647
<i>during the 1950s and
in the early 1960s

1486
01:13:55,668 --> 01:13:57,484
<i>they had practically disappeared.</i>

1487
01:13:57,520 --> 01:14:00,971
<i>Only Michael Carreras remained
and his father, James...</i>

1488
01:14:01,197 --> 01:14:02,114
<i>...for now.</i>

1489
01:14:02,653 --> 01:14:06,403
James was on a cruise
the sea or on vacation...

1490
01:14:06,547 --> 01:14:09,791
<i>...and Michael found out that his father
He was trying to sell the company.</i>

1491
01:14:09,873 --> 01:14:13,577
<i>James Carreras already spoke with
the company Studio Film Labs</i>

1492
01:14:13,597 --> 01:14:15,752
<i>for a long time,
They were talking about joining.</i>

1493
01:14:15,773 --> 01:14:19,647
<i>At the same time, James spoke
with Tony Tenser, of Tigon Films,</i>

1494
01:14:19,683 --> 01:14:21,591
<i>with Tony, potentially...</i>

1495
01:14:21,679 --> 01:14:25,577
...taking control of Hammer
and merge it with Tigon.

1496
01:14:25,893 --> 01:14:27,981
<i>Michael knew about the first...</i>

1497
01:14:28,221 --> 01:14:30,923
<i>...arrangement, but I didn't know anything
of the arrangement with Tony.</i>

1498
01:14:30,944 --> 01:14:32,907
<i>Michael, obviously, was very...</i>

1499
01:14:33,048 --> 01:14:37,476
...upset with having his life taken away
decision, especially since it was

1500
01:14:37,497 --> 01:14:40,470
Director General and not even
was consulted.

1501
01:14:40,521 --> 01:14:43,227
<i>And launched its own offer to
buy the company.</i>

1502
01:14:43,248 --> 01:14:47,422
<i>He went to the PFS, which is the
Subsidiary of Pension Funds...</i>

1503
01:14:47,443 --> 01:14:50,297
<i>...and applied for a loan
400 thousand pounds.</i>

1504
01:14:50,836 --> 01:14:52,480
<i>And they granted it...</i>

1505
01:14:53,011 --> 01:14:57,240
<i>...in addition to another 200 thousand
additional to make two films.</i>

1506
01:14:57,953 --> 01:14:59,160
To get them started.

1507
01:14:59,224 --> 01:15:02,956
And he was able to gather enough
money to make your counteroffer.

1508
01:15:04,364 --> 01:15:06,773
<i>He waited until the ship arrived...</i>

1509
01:15:07,677 --> 01:15:11,247
...let his father get off the ship
and handed him the contract.

1510
01:15:11,679 --> 01:15:13,402
<i>It was a fait accompli.</i>

1511
01:15:14,623 --> 01:15:16,400
<i>And without talking to each other.</i>

1512
01:15:16,502 --> 01:15:20,453
<i>It was almost like a cold war
that had just hardened...</i>

1513
01:15:20,741 --> 01:15:22,400
<i>...everything in that relationship.</i>

1514
01:15:22,444 --> 01:15:23,348
<i>James...</i>

1515
01:15:23,743 --> 01:15:27,263
<i>...accepted the offer and Michael
He became the Director.</i>

1516
01:15:27,899 --> 01:15:30,071
<i>The irony is that
Michael Carreras

1517
01:15:30,092 --> 01:15:32,374
<i>thinks he bought
a solvent company.</i>

1518
01:15:32,395 --> 01:15:35,778
He thinks he bought
Hammer Films backed by EMI.

1519
01:15:35,897 --> 01:15:39,028
Do you understand? I believed that the
The bank account was full.

1520
01:15:39,483 --> 01:15:43,466
<i>And he finds out that, the bank account,
He left with James Carreras.</i>

1521
01:15:45,902 --> 01:15:49,073
When Michael took control
the company in 1972,

1522
01:15:49,143 --> 01:15:51,640
what happened immediately
it was that

1523
01:15:51,680 --> 01:15:54,280
American studies
They withdrew their funding.

1524
01:15:54,320 --> 01:15:56,437
<i>And this, potentially</i>

1525
01:15:56,791 --> 01:15:59,192
<i>...it was because James...</i>

1526
01:15:59,927 --> 01:16:01,387
<i>...I had advised them.</i>

1527
01:16:02,698 --> 01:16:05,828
<i>Or, also, I think,
It has to do with the fact that

1528
01:16:05,849 --> 01:16:09,819
<i>they were really good friends
of James and they didn't have one...</i>

1529
01:16:10,203 --> 01:16:12,210
<i>...similar relationship with Michael.</i>

1530
01:16:12,423 --> 01:16:14,874
<i>I have the impression that Michael
I had no idea...</i>

1531
01:16:15,296 --> 01:16:18,456
<i>...from the scarcity of resources
Hammer at that time,</i>

1532
01:16:18,480 --> 01:16:20,741
<i>while his father was
very aware.</i>

1533
01:16:21,201 --> 01:16:24,080
<i>And yet,
The company still gave him the company.</i>

1534
01:16:26,009 --> 01:16:28,497
- I need money, father.
- I don't have anything.

1535
01:16:28,559 --> 01:16:31,495
I think James had
a real disdain for his son.

1536
01:16:31,992 --> 01:16:35,656
<i>I think he was fierce and tough
in an unnecessary way.</i>

1537
01:16:35,781 --> 01:16:37,029
<i>He basically...</i>

1538
01:16:37,905 --> 01:16:39,648
...left him on a sinking ship.

1539
01:16:39,739 --> 01:16:42,560
<i>Apparently
deceived by his own father...</i>

1540
01:16:42,790 --> 01:16:46,367
<i>...Michael was determined to
keep the family business alive.</i>

1541
01:16:46,445 --> 01:16:48,949
<i>After your agreement
to take over Hammer,</i>

1542
01:16:48,970 --> 01:16:52,226
<i>put business first
of any personal revenge,</i>

1543
01:16:52,247 --> 01:16:54,520
<i>hoping to recover the magic
by Hammer.</i>

1544
01:16:54,560 --> 01:16:57,954
<i>Immediately went into production
a vampire movie

1545
01:16:57,975 --> 01:17:02,280
<i>something that I had commissioned from him
man who he felt betrayed him.</i>

1546
01:17:02,334 --> 01:17:06,476
<i>Captain Kronos</i> is really
an interesting turning point...

1547
01:17:06,869 --> 01:17:10,240
<i>...I think, in Hammer, among the
What could have been and what was.</i>

1548
01:17:10,757 --> 01:17:14,347
<i>Because, Brian Clemens wrote
and he directed a kind of...</i>

1549
01:17:14,783 --> 01:17:17,723
<i>...peculiar, cheeky and
interesting...</i>

1550
01:17:18,025 --> 01:17:19,277
<i>...vampire movie.</i>

1551
01:17:19,374 --> 01:17:21,692
Very different from those
they had done.

1552
01:17:21,810 --> 01:17:24,920
Brian was very in charge.
of that because it was her baby.

1553
01:17:24,960 --> 01:17:26,960
He had written it.
He was going to direct it.

1554
01:17:27,126 --> 01:17:28,882
I was very excited.

1555
01:17:28,985 --> 01:17:31,680
I mean, he desperately
always wanted to direct.

1556
01:17:31,744 --> 01:17:33,483
<i>It was something of popular horror.</i>

1557
01:17:33,600 --> 01:17:37,591
<i>Something like: "I don't understand anything about
what exactly happens here"</i>

1558
01:17:37,627 --> 01:17:39,572
<i>There were sword fights...</i>

1559
01:17:39,598 --> 01:17:42,904
<i>It was a mix of genres
which is now very popular.</i>

1560
01:17:43,040 --> 01:17:45,963
<i>So it was really a
very exciting job.</i>

1561
01:17:46,106 --> 01:17:47,960
I really liked that movie.

1562
01:17:48,335 --> 01:17:50,564
Partly because everything
They filmed outdoors.

1563
01:17:50,740 --> 01:17:53,830
<i>And my passion is being outdoors.
I have to be outside.</i>

1564
01:17:54,232 --> 01:17:56,155
<i>And it was great, because it arrived...</i>

1565
01:17:56,459 --> 01:17:57,561
...in the morning...

1566
01:17:57,743 --> 01:18:00,675
<i>...and the hairdresser told me:
"You didn't wash your hair, right?"

1567
01:18:00,696 --> 01:18:02,200
<i>"No, you told me not to wash it"</i>

1568
01:18:02,303 --> 01:18:05,737
<i>"Don't wash it for a week,
We need it to be a little disgusting."</i>

1569
01:18:05,835 --> 01:18:08,446
<i>I said, "Well, okay, okay.
"I won't do it."

1570
01:18:09,080 --> 01:18:11,801
And Michael Carreras should have been
shrewd enough as

1571
01:18:11,822 --> 01:18:16,082
to warn that it was a form
exciting to continue with your brand,

1572
01:18:16,110 --> 01:18:18,647
to keep the Hammer brand alive.

1573
01:18:18,784 --> 01:18:21,920
<i>Maybe he felt threatened.
perhaps he lacked sensitivity.</i>

1574
01:18:21,960 --> 01:18:25,880
<i>It was a bit esoteric, it was,
basically, ahead of its time.</i>

1575
01:18:25,920 --> 01:18:29,441
<i>He was very disdainful of
Brian Clemens, in terms of:</i>

1576
01:18:29,511 --> 01:18:32,694
<i>"You don't understand very well our
style or what we do here."</i>

1577
01:18:32,928 --> 01:18:35,200
<i>You know,
He acted just like his father!</i>

1578
01:18:35,412 --> 01:18:37,808
<i>Using your custom of
old school and saying:</i>

1579
01:18:37,908 --> 01:18:40,160
"Michael, no! Don't do this!"

1580
01:18:40,251 --> 01:18:42,978
<i>There was a great opportunity there...</i>

1581
01:18:43,603 --> 01:18:47,093
<i>...so that Brian Clemens can
become the new Jimmy Sangster.</i>

1582
01:18:47,114 --> 01:18:49,640
<i>The new Terence Fisher, the new...</i>

1583
01:18:49,713 --> 01:18:52,809
...creative man behind
from the Hammer.

1584
01:18:53,002 --> 01:18:56,263
<i>Michael Carreras should have
supported a lot and say:</i>

1585
01:18:56,814 --> 01:18:59,413
<i>"See what Hammer can do
do now. It's different."</i>

1586
01:18:59,524 --> 01:19:02,054
<i>"This is the man who made it,
Brian Clemens. He's an artist."</i>

1587
01:19:02,398 --> 01:19:03,442
But he didn't do it.

1588
01:19:03,626 --> 01:19:04,826
Just...

1589
01:19:05,479 --> 01:19:08,254
<i>...he washed his hands and did not
did good publicity

1590
01:19:08,284 --> 01:19:11,244
<i>It premiered, approximately,
more or less, a year later.</i>

1591
01:19:11,804 --> 01:19:15,758
<i>Brian's directorial debut,
In essence, it was like...</i>

1592
01:19:16,310 --> 01:19:18,436
<i>...being stuck in a closet,
basically.</i>

1593
01:19:18,461 --> 01:19:22,539
<i>How suffocating it must have been!
How debilitating for an artist.</i>

1594
01:19:22,560 --> 01:19:26,000
<i>If I could go back in history
of Hammer and meet...</i>

1595
01:19:26,341 --> 01:19:29,897
<i>...together with Michael Carreras
and Brian Clemens...</i>

1596
01:19:30,036 --> 01:19:31,884
...I would say, "Guys, figure it out."

1597
01:19:32,800 --> 01:19:36,896
<i>Business policy and the lack of
a new creative vision,</i>

1598
01:19:36,917 --> 01:19:38,880
<i>they began to suffocate Hammer.</i>

1599
01:19:38,920 --> 01:19:41,818
<i>Meanwhile, other filmmakers
around the world</i>

1600
01:19:41,839 --> 01:19:44,655
<i>they gave a new life to the
horror genre.</i>

1601
01:19:44,676 --> 01:19:47,116
The problems for Hammer...

1602
01:19:47,768 --> 01:19:49,746
...they probably started with
<i>The Exorcist.</i>

1603
01:19:56,280 --> 01:20:00,252
Suddenly no one is interested in what
happens in the castles of Transylvania.

1604
01:20:00,350 --> 01:20:02,530
<i>People want to see what happens
next to it,</i>

1605
01:20:02,560 --> 01:20:04,480
<i>on the street, inside your house.</i>

1606
01:20:04,581 --> 01:20:06,579
<i>That's where the horror moved,</i>

1607
01:20:06,600 --> 01:20:08,667
<i>that's where the horror is
to come.</i>

1608
01:20:08,858 --> 01:20:10,375
<i>Whether</i> The Exorcist<i>,

1609
01:20:10,396 --> 01:20:13,321
<i>or any other great success that
want to emulate her...</i>

1610
01:20:13,697 --> 01:20:14,675
<i>...it's too late.</i>

1611
01:20:14,879 --> 01:20:16,932
<i>Michael, even when he tried... </i>

1612
01:20:17,021 --> 01:20:20,401
...to be creative and diversify
 Hammer products,

1613
01:20:20,422 --> 01:20:22,320
I'm not sure he knew

1614
01:20:22,363 --> 01:20:24,603
the direction they would take
the 70s.

1615
01:20:24,904 --> 01:20:27,947
<i>I think what we saw
back then in the 70s

1616
01:20:27,967 --> 01:20:29,747
<i>era was the decline of... </i>

1617
01:20:29,850 --> 01:20:32,822
...british cinematography.
And in a few years...

1618
01:20:33,173 --> 01:20:34,784
...british commercial cinema,

1619
01:20:34,814 --> 01:20:37,733
at the end of the 20th century,
would be more or less annihilated.

1620
01:20:38,030 --> 01:20:40,830
Always,
the great challenge with art...

1621
01:20:41,198 --> 01:20:43,477
...was making money,
to stay solvent.

1622
01:20:43,946 --> 01:20:47,535
And Hammer, like any other
british study...

1623
01:20:47,839 --> 01:20:49,520
<i>...was at the mercy of the market.</i>

1624
01:20:49,616 --> 01:20:52,388
<i>In honor of Michael Carreras,
he moved on...</i>

1625
01:20:52,695 --> 01:20:53,541
<i>...when...</i>

1626
01:20:54,167 --> 01:20:57,692
...obviously, I wasn't in
harmony with the public.

1627
01:20:58,356 --> 01:20:59,567
<i>And then...</i>

1628
01:20:59,805 --> 01:21:02,335
<i>...even movies that were supposed to
They were good,

1629
01:21:02,355 --> 01:21:03,699
<i>how</i>
A daughter for the Devil,

1630
01:21:03,720 --> 01:21:06,060
<i>which on paper seemed
be pretty good.</i>

1631
01:21:06,259 --> 01:21:08,385
They tried so
desperately...

1632
01:21:08,677 --> 01:21:12,444
...<i>be</i> The Exorcist,
<i>who lost their individuality.</i>

1633
01:21:12,551 --> 01:21:14,731
And they don't work,
They don't make money.

1634
01:21:14,938 --> 01:21:17,692
It's like any study,
be it Disney or anyone,

1635
01:21:17,718 --> 01:21:19,867
They seek to adapt to the new
times.

1636
01:21:19,888 --> 01:21:21,949
It's easier said than done.

1637
01:21:22,114 --> 01:21:25,579
<i>Despite the major recession
in creative production

1638
01:21:25,600 --> 01:21:27,812
<i>in the middle of the decade
from 1970...</i>

1639
01:21:27,935 --> 01:21:30,912
<i>...which brought disappointments
financial results,</i>

1640
01:21:30,933 --> 01:21:34,462
Hammer's legacy
has lasted remarkably.</i>

1641
01:21:34,488 --> 01:21:38,603
<i>The magic forged in both
previous decades it managed to persist.</i>

1642
01:21:38,677 --> 01:21:41,565
<i>Smaller studies would have
hesitated before.</i>

1643
01:21:41,615 --> 01:21:45,404
<i>And younger leaders would have
let the company disappear.</i>

1644
01:21:45,425 --> 01:21:48,320
<i>But, the unbreakable
Determination by Michael Carreras

1645
01:21:48,341 --> 01:21:50,049
<i>to never give up...</i>

1646
01:21:50,163 --> 01:21:52,440
<i>...kept the flame burning
by Hammer.</i>

1647
01:21:52,800 --> 01:21:56,941
The tenacity of Michael Carreras
in the 70s he kept Hammer alive.

1648
01:21:56,962 --> 01:21:59,120
I think that's why I still
is still alive.

1649
01:21:59,172 --> 01:22:01,437
He made movies, which,
let me tell you,

1650
01:22:01,472 --> 01:22:04,960
It's not a small thing to make movies and
releasing them is a big problem.

1651
01:22:05,000 --> 01:22:08,125
<i>And the latest Hammer film
It was a remake

1652
01:22:08,145 --> 01:22:09,560
<i>from a Hitchcock film...</i>

1653
01:22:09,926 --> 01:22:11,177
<i>Now you see her...</i>

1654
01:22:13,986 --> 01:22:15,200
<i>...not now.</i>

1655
01:22:15,419 --> 01:22:17,299
By the way,
It's never a good idea.

1656
01:22:17,320 --> 01:22:20,016
<i>And it's not a bad movie,
but no one wanted to see it.</i>

1657
01:22:20,443 --> 01:22:23,003
And it doesn't have
It has nothing to do with Hammer.

1658
01:22:24,708 --> 01:22:28,436
<i>And Michael really thought
that Hammer would come back to life.</i>

1659
01:22:28,605 --> 01:22:30,311
I will make you live again.

1660
01:22:31,840 --> 01:22:36,240
He literally thought he would be able to
to save Hammer until the end.

1661
01:22:36,280 --> 01:22:39,409
That's what I admire the most
about Michael Carreras,

1662
01:22:39,430 --> 01:22:43,449
That, with everything falling apart,
and without any support from his...

1663
01:22:43,944 --> 01:22:44,908
...father...

1664
01:22:45,294 --> 01:22:46,680
...worked like crazy.

1665
01:22:46,792 --> 01:22:48,076
He won't give up.

1666
01:22:49,183 --> 01:22:50,200
Can't you see it?

1667
01:22:50,240 --> 01:22:52,220
Michael didn't want to give up because...

1668
01:22:52,347 --> 01:22:54,657
<i>...beyond everything,
It was a family business.</i>

1669
01:22:54,678 --> 01:22:58,022
<i>And I think, ultimately,
Nobody wants to admit defeat.</i>

1670
01:22:58,111 --> 01:23:01,441
Maybe he wanted
prove something to a father

1671
01:23:01,462 --> 01:23:03,200
who never really believed in him.

1672
01:23:03,254 --> 01:23:06,557
In the '70s, Hammer survives
for British coffers.

1673
01:23:07,820 --> 01:23:09,160
Almost exclusively.

1674
01:23:09,296 --> 01:23:13,880
<i>My name is Mitch Wicking.
I am the son of Christopher Wicking.</i>

1675
01:23:14,313 --> 01:23:16,656
He wrote scripts for Hammer...

1676
01:23:16,908 --> 01:23:18,614
<i>...in the mid-70s.</i>

1677
01:23:21,744 --> 01:23:25,562
And, it seems, according to the notes
from dad, a long series of...

1678
01:23:26,557 --> 01:23:29,440
<i>...Michael spending money
to raise money.</i>

1679
01:23:29,517 --> 01:23:31,114
<i>There were stories of...</i>

1680
01:23:31,331 --> 01:23:34,535
...wait for "Al Gordo",
what they called him...

1681
01:23:34,971 --> 01:23:36,562
<i>...which was Michael Klinger.</i>

1682
01:23:36,583 --> 01:23:39,873
<i>A German who was
willing to finance projects.</i>

1683
01:23:39,908 --> 01:23:42,440
But they wait and wait and
a telex arrives:

1684
01:23:42,480 --> 01:23:44,280
"He's on his way, he's on the plane."

1685
01:23:44,413 --> 01:23:48,588
"It comes with a suitcase full of
money," Dad writes in the diary.

1686
01:23:48,840 --> 01:23:51,600
And then, at the last minute,
always at the last second...

1687
01:23:52,781 --> 01:23:53,875
...does not appear.

1688
01:23:54,108 --> 01:23:56,903
So, he invested a lot of money,
even yours

1689
01:23:56,943 --> 01:23:58,784
in putting together a series of...

1690
01:23:59,374 --> 01:24:01,465
...<i>big budget films,
how</i>

1691
01:24:01,485 --> 01:24:03,871
Nessie, Vampirella,
Vlad the Impaler

1692
01:24:03,892 --> 01:24:07,777
<i>which, of course, are not
they did and all the money was lost.</i>

1693
01:24:07,798 --> 01:24:09,948
<i>Apart from</i>
Nessie <i>and</i> Vampirella,

1694
01:24:09,984 --> 01:24:13,103
<i>there were three or four, five,
six, seven different ideas

1695
01:24:13,124 --> 01:24:16,841
<i>for small films,
and among them there was a large one.</i>

1696
01:24:17,013 --> 01:24:19,518
They approached Stan Lee,
from Marvel Comics...

1697
01:24:19,786 --> 01:24:23,381
<i>...with the idea of making a
 franchise, and there was Iron Man...</i>

1698
01:24:23,984 --> 01:24:25,326
<i>...and Doctor Strange...</i>

1699
01:24:26,393 --> 01:24:28,806
<i>...and many others.
Stan's answer is:</i>

1700
01:24:28,867 --> 01:24:32,640
<i>"Yes. Great. I love it."
"Let's go to the next step."</i>

1701
01:24:32,752 --> 01:24:36,440
<i>And then, for some reason,
They couldn't do it.</i>

1702
01:24:36,901 --> 01:24:38,325
So, imagine...

1703
01:24:38,763 --> 01:24:41,396
...what a goal it would have been if
It would have turned out well.

1704
01:24:41,742 --> 01:24:43,629
Michael can't take it anymore...

1705
01:24:43,733 --> 01:24:46,332
...and the judicial liquidator
took over.

1706
01:24:46,518 --> 01:24:50,235
<i>So, in fact, Hammer
It sank definitively in 1979.</i>

1707
01:24:50,480 --> 01:24:54,344
<i>For a while it doesn't work out
very surprising, because...</i>

1708
01:24:54,869 --> 01:24:57,981
<i>...happened with many sectors
of the British economy.</i>

1709
01:24:58,002 --> 01:25:01,803
<i>He kept the company alive and enabled
all this decades later,</i>

1710
01:25:01,824 --> 01:25:02,948
<i>simply for...</i>

1711
01:25:03,377 --> 01:25:05,909
<i>...because he was like a
dog with a bone.</i>

1712
01:25:05,930 --> 01:25:09,185
<i>And that "Dog with a Bone" quality
was based, to a large extent...</i>

1713
01:25:09,611 --> 01:25:11,207
<i>...a sentimental reaction</i>

1714
01:25:11,227 --> 01:25:15,280
<i>to the fact that all his life he was
in Hammer and I didn't want to see her die.</i>

1715
01:25:15,665 --> 01:25:20,001
<i>When you do something that is so
specific and so particular...</i>

1716
01:25:20,356 --> 01:25:22,089
...it's not going to last 40 years.

1717
01:25:22,236 --> 01:25:25,440
I guess I wasn't in tune.
I take the blame for this.

1718
01:25:25,461 --> 01:25:26,776
I was in charge.

1719
01:25:27,289 --> 01:25:30,680
We should have thought differently,
Bring in new writers.

1720
01:25:30,720 --> 01:25:33,640
Having brought in new directors,
having done all that.

1721
01:25:34,003 --> 01:25:38,200
<i>Michael Carreras passed away
in 1994, due to cancer,</i>

1722
01:25:38,240 --> 01:25:41,200
<i>only four years after
the death of his father.</i>

1723
01:25:41,347 --> 01:25:45,900
<i>Everyone who had directed Hammer
In their golden years they died.</i>

1724
01:25:46,052 --> 01:25:49,299
<i>For many, it drew the curtain
final for a company</i>

1725
01:25:49,320 --> 01:25:53,760
<i>that had brought so much fear,
amazement and emotion on the screen.</i>

1726
01:26:12,640 --> 01:26:15,288
<i>Looking back,
decades after his death,

1727
01:26:15,309 --> 01:26:19,080
<i>Michael Carreras stands out
on the backdrop of Hammer.</i>

1728
01:26:19,259 --> 01:26:23,720
<i>A man whose imprint was
in almost all Hammer films,</i>

1729
01:26:23,806 --> 01:26:26,043
<i>having worked on so many
departments</i>

1730
01:26:26,080 --> 01:26:29,123
<i>and assume so many
different responsibilities.</i>

1731
01:26:29,366 --> 01:26:32,379
<i>In a world of heroes, legends
and monsters,

1732
01:26:32,400 --> 01:26:35,798
<i>Michael Carreras
He was a very human being.</i>

1733
01:26:36,094 --> 01:26:38,849
<i>At the end of this chapter of the
Hammer story

1734
01:26:38,880 --> 01:26:42,680
<i>a man's struggle
kept the Hammer name alive.</i>

1735
01:26:42,838 --> 01:26:45,152
<i>Michael Carreras did it.</i>

1736
01:26:45,885 --> 01:26:47,469
The fact that Michael Carreras

1737
01:26:47,489 --> 01:26:49,880
could keep the
company in that period,

1738
01:26:49,920 --> 01:26:53,440
is what, I'm sure, makes
Let's talk about her now.

1739
01:26:54,114 --> 01:26:57,275
<i>In the years since experience
close to Hammer</i>'s death

1740
01:26:57,296 --> 01:26:59,160
<i>in the late 1970s,</i>

1741
01:26:59,200 --> 01:27:02,342
<i>has been kept alive in several
 iterations,

1742
01:27:02,363 --> 01:27:04,834
<i>generating movies and series
television</i>

1743
01:27:04,855 --> 01:27:06,683
<i>from the Hammer House of Horror,</i>

1744
01:27:06,704 --> 01:27:09,720
<i>to blockbuster movies like</i>
The Woman in Black.

1745
01:27:11,428 --> 01:27:14,122
<i>Despite all the evidence and
tribulations</i>

1746
01:27:14,143 --> 01:27:15,714
<i>what the company faced...</i>

1747
01:27:16,125 --> 01:27:20,226
<i>...Hammer achieved a status
legendary in the world of cinema.</i>

1748
01:27:21,677 --> 01:27:24,303
They made those movies
people who cared.

1749
01:27:24,323 --> 01:27:27,560
They loved them. they made them
with great care and attention.

1750
01:27:27,797 --> 01:27:29,260
They will last forever.

1751
01:27:29,360 --> 01:27:32,511
<i>They ask me again and again
in letters and in...</i>

1752
01:27:33,031 --> 01:27:34,378
<i>interviews and that:</i>

1753
01:27:34,399 --> 01:27:37,160
<i>"When will Hammer be back?"
Or, "Will Hammer be back?"

1754
01:27:37,546 --> 01:27:40,050
And certainly
I don't have the answer.

1755
01:27:40,104 --> 01:27:42,779
But, I would be very happy to
see them return.

1756
01:27:43,757 --> 01:27:44,560
Definitely.

1757
01:27:44,625 --> 01:27:48,106
The desperate irony is that
Hammer, as a company,

1758
01:27:48,127 --> 01:27:52,225
now it is reflected in his character
most famous, Count Dracula.

1759
01:27:52,276 --> 01:27:53,565
<i>You can never kill him.</i>

1760
01:27:53,679 --> 01:27:57,363
<i>It just has a shape
to relive again and again.</i>

1761
01:27:57,533 --> 01:28:00,800
<i>And boy did we see some
convincing deaths in the movies.</i>

1762
01:28:00,821 --> 01:28:02,636
<i>And yet, somehow...</i>

1763
01:28:02,957 --> 01:28:04,438
<i>...it always comes back.</i>

1764
01:28:10,089 --> 01:28:11,730
Life after death.

1765
01:28:12,056 --> 01:28:13,153
Indestructible.

1766
01:28:29,662 --> 01:28:31,542
Cameras recording. All good.

1767
01:28:31,662 --> 01:28:33,055
Hammer! Hammer!

1768
01:28:34,840 --> 01:28:37,440
<i>So we'll do an easy one.
To start.</i>

1769
01:28:37,480 --> 01:28:38,506
Try it.

1770
01:28:38,526 --> 01:28:40,777
- <i>We will start and...</i>
- We'll see if it's easy.

1771
01:28:41,518 --> 01:28:43,878
And all we did was
skin rabbits

1772
01:28:46,397 --> 01:28:48,563
- <i>A little higher.</i>
- Is that okay?

1773
01:28:48,606 --> 01:28:50,832
<i>A little higher.
Brilliant. Mark it.</i>

1774
01:28:51,037 --> 01:28:52,626
Yes. Joe Dante, take 1.

1775
01:28:52,999 --> 01:28:54,323
John Carpenter says.

1776
01:28:56,519 --> 01:28:57,404
<i>Dissimulate.</i>

1777
01:28:57,516 --> 01:28:59,401
Do you know?
He's like Howard the Duck.

1778
01:29:00,094 --> 01:29:03,264
Didn't anyone see that?
Little duck suit.

1779
01:29:03,684 --> 01:29:05,247
What a great question!

1780
01:29:06,111 --> 01:29:08,545
<i>Let it be known that there were two
big questions.</i>

1781
01:29:08,565 --> 01:29:10,304
Yes. Inside one.

1782
01:29:10,334 --> 01:29:12,699
- <i>In 45 minutes there were two questions.</i>
- Yes.

1783
01:29:12,760 --> 01:29:16,827
It's like an Old Spice commercial.
Know? It really changes.

1784
01:29:17,040 --> 01:29:21,163
So yeah, my mom gave me that one
penguins brochure.

1785
01:29:22,565 --> 01:29:25,013
No, stop!
I'm going to have to go!

1786
01:29:29,358 --> 01:29:30,910
<i>We are worse!</i>

1787
01:29:32,080 --> 01:29:33,771
It's like <i>The Godfather</i>.

1788
01:29:33,960 --> 01:29:36,280
Just when you came out,
They pull you back inside.

1789
01:29:36,334 --> 01:29:38,969
<i>So you and Edna read the book,
the brochure.</i>

1790
01:29:38,994 --> 01:29:43,155
Brochure. Yes, every week
He came on Sunday mornings.

1791
01:29:43,176 --> 01:29:46,680
She lived at the bottom of my garden,
Just like Nigel and Jeremy.

1792
01:29:47,013 --> 01:29:48,020
Let's stop!

1793
01:29:49,299 --> 01:29:51,961
<i>Did you have someone living
in your garden?!</i>

1794
01:29:52,360 --> 01:29:53,439
That's how it was!

1795
01:29:57,440 --> 01:30:00,889
<i>Good. Can we cut?
You can't talk to her anymore.</i>

1796
01:30:02,443 --> 01:30:17,408
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