1 00:00:00,502 --> 00:00:03,020 ♪♪ 2 00:00:03,020 --> 00:00:07,220 For 16 months from 1970 to 1973, 3 00:00:07,220 --> 00:00:10,340 The Russians used a system Remote guidance on the ground 4 00:00:10,340 --> 00:00:14,210 To operate two small mobile vehicles They traveled approximately 31 miles 5 00:00:14,210 --> 00:00:16,090 .on the surface of the moon 6 00:00:16,090 --> 00:00:19,310 This feat was one The greatest technological achievements 7 00:00:19,310 --> 00:00:20,990 In the history of the Soviet Union 8 00:00:21,823 --> 00:00:25,080 Designed in complete secrecy Soviet laboratories, 9 00:00:25,080 --> 00:00:27,120 .and his eclipse of resounding success 10 00:00:27,120 --> 00:00:29,700 .Apollo mission, Lunokhod adventure 11 00:00:29,700 --> 00:00:31,763 .remains virtually unknown to the public 12 00:00:34,900 --> 00:00:37,160 Opening of the Soviet Space Archive 13 00:00:37,160 --> 00:00:40,620 And the work of Spirit Rovers .and opportunity on Mars 14 00:00:40,620 --> 00:00:43,153 It has shed a new light On this tremendous journey 15 00:00:44,420 --> 00:00:47,717 Here's the story of this The mysterious lunar device 16 00:00:47,717 --> 00:00:50,640 And the adventure of the scientists who contributed 17 00:00:50,640 --> 00:00:52,270 To conquer the moon 18 00:01:24,080 --> 00:01:26,663 April 26, 1986, Soviet Union 19 00:01:27,960 --> 00:01:31,350 The most dangerous nuclear accident in the twentieth century 20 00:01:31,350 --> 00:01:34,440 .Hit the Chernobyl nuclear power plant 21 00:01:34,440 --> 00:01:36,640 .Three months later, thousands of men 22 00:01:36,640 --> 00:01:39,690 They received lethal doses of radiation 23 00:01:39,690 --> 00:01:43,280 to save lives, A strange mechanical bulldozer 24 00:01:43,280 --> 00:01:45,700 It is the removal of pieces of radioactive debris 25 00:01:45,700 --> 00:01:47,693 From the roof of reactor number three 26 00:01:49,220 --> 00:01:51,940 This sci-fi remote control 27 00:01:51,940 --> 00:01:54,200 .It was designed under urgent circumstances 28 00:01:54,200 --> 00:01:57,080 To develop it, Moscow invited engineers 29 00:01:57,080 --> 00:02:00,240 Who piloted the spacecraft .Al Qamriya 15 years ago 30 00:02:00,240 --> 00:02:02,073 On the surface of the moon with a remote control 31 00:02:05,437 --> 00:02:07,270 ♪♪ 32 00:02:07,270 --> 00:02:10,453 The Soviets called their vehicle Lunar name Lunokhod 33 00:02:12,520 --> 00:02:15,303 For many years, her story was kept secret 34 00:02:16,920 --> 00:02:18,900 .I would say that most people, not only... 35 00:02:18,900 --> 00:02:21,080 In the United States but in the world, 36 00:02:21,080 --> 00:02:23,690 I don't know of the achievements .Russian on the moon 37 00:02:23,690 --> 00:02:27,913 With the return of the moon sample .Automated and Lunokhod 38 00:02:29,320 --> 00:02:32,230 The Lunokhod lunar module in Russian, 39 00:02:32,230 --> 00:02:36,140 He is a child of the sixties, the era In which the Soviet Union jumped 40 00:02:36,140 --> 00:02:38,410 In competition with the United States 41 00:02:38,410 --> 00:02:40,320 In the race for space 42 00:02:40,320 --> 00:02:43,360 This was a time when she seemed... Communism is victorious, 43 00:02:43,360 --> 00:02:45,663 When was the first moon An industrial device called Sputnik. 44 00:02:46,540 --> 00:02:49,753 And the first man goes around The land was named Gagarin 45 00:02:50,940 --> 00:02:53,840 This is the period in which the first... .Astronaut walking in space 46 00:02:53,840 --> 00:02:57,180 It was Soviet, when it was Technology is the battlefield 47 00:02:57,180 --> 00:02:58,133 .from the Cold War 48 00:03:09,648 --> 00:03:13,703 On May 25, 1961, he told .President Kennedy Americans 49 00:03:13,703 --> 00:03:16,510 An American astronaut is walking on the moon 50 00:03:16,510 --> 00:03:18,460 Before the end of the contract 51 00:03:18,460 --> 00:03:21,590 Nikita Khrushchev accepted Challenge immediately 52 00:03:21,590 --> 00:03:23,342 The race for the moon has begun 53 00:03:29,510 --> 00:03:31,870 The Kremlin told Sergei Korolev, 54 00:03:31,870 --> 00:03:35,203 A camp survivor Assault to prepare a counterattack 55 00:03:36,120 --> 00:03:38,800 He was not this strong, grown man Another 50 year old 56 00:03:38,800 --> 00:03:41,080 From the father of the Sputnik programme, 57 00:03:41,080 --> 00:03:42,903 A scientist and a visionary 58 00:03:43,770 --> 00:03:46,350 It was the Americans They focus on one goal, 59 00:03:46,350 --> 00:03:47,773 A man landed on the moon 60 00:03:48,760 --> 00:03:50,650 The Soviets were a secret target, 61 00:03:50,650 --> 00:03:53,360 To send an automated device to the lunar module 62 00:03:53,360 --> 00:03:55,740 .away from the ground 63 00:03:55,740 --> 00:03:59,970 For Sergei Korolev, it was This is the first step towards the dream, 64 00:03:59,970 --> 00:04:01,970 .Establishing a permanent base on the moon 65 00:04:04,150 --> 00:04:07,310 The future lunar rover was called Lunokhod 66 00:04:07,310 --> 00:04:09,560 .Korolev had to form a team 67 00:04:09,560 --> 00:04:13,410 It can be invented and created This unprecedented device 68 00:04:13,410 --> 00:04:15,023 To contact the Red Army 69 00:04:16,060 --> 00:04:18,260 Transmash plant in Leningrad, 70 00:04:18,260 --> 00:04:21,290 Who specialized in construction .assault tanks, 71 00:04:21,290 --> 00:04:23,100 Provide everything he needs. 72 00:04:23,100 --> 00:04:26,103 Space, technical knowledge and minds 73 00:04:32,610 --> 00:04:34,560 The Transmash engineers have been informed 74 00:04:34,560 --> 00:04:38,070 To design the structure of the vehicle .lunar future 75 00:04:38,070 --> 00:04:41,560 They participated in the secret project For the Soviet Union, 76 00:04:41,560 --> 00:04:43,133 Space invasion 77 00:04:45,750 --> 00:04:47,260 A vehicle that can travel 78 00:04:47,260 --> 00:04:49,430 The unknown surface of the moon, 79 00:04:49,430 --> 00:04:52,920 Controlled by time .real driver on earth 80 00:04:52,920 --> 00:04:56,090 Among these engineers Soon he will be one man 81 00:04:56,090 --> 00:04:59,573 The spirit of the program, .Alexander Kemurdjian 82 00:05:04,450 --> 00:05:07,760 My father was a designer Tanks by profession, 83 00:05:07,760 --> 00:05:09,920 He worked for the first time in Transach 84 00:05:09,920 --> 00:05:12,163 As a specialist in heavy vehicles 85 00:05:17,330 --> 00:05:20,410 He was later appointed .Director of Research and Design 86 00:05:20,410 --> 00:05:22,043 For airbags 87 00:05:25,110 --> 00:05:27,170 .He started to gain fame 88 00:05:27,170 --> 00:05:29,720 .As a person who can imagine and create 89 00:05:29,720 --> 00:05:31,773 The most incredible devices 90 00:05:35,880 --> 00:05:39,563 My father gathered a team .for Lunokhod program 91 00:05:43,510 --> 00:05:45,830 For Alexander Kemurdjian, 92 00:05:45,830 --> 00:05:49,390 It was not a construction project We are in complete shock. 93 00:05:49,390 --> 00:05:52,370 Because with his technical capabilities and expertise, 94 00:05:52,370 --> 00:05:54,640 .It was difficult to surprise the man 95 00:05:54,640 --> 00:05:57,113 However, he seemed a little surprised 96 00:06:00,990 --> 00:06:02,137 For Alexander Kemurdjian 97 00:06:02,137 --> 00:06:05,380 .and his team of LONKHED program engineers 98 00:06:05,380 --> 00:06:08,440 presented a series of Unprecedented problems 99 00:06:08,440 --> 00:06:10,740 How to design a remote-controlled vehicle, 100 00:06:10,740 --> 00:06:14,570 .Operates it from a distance of about 250,000 miles 101 00:06:14,570 --> 00:06:17,460 How to predict responses .its actions in the atmosphere 102 00:06:17,460 --> 00:06:20,830 The sixth force of Earth's gravity 103 00:06:20,830 --> 00:06:25,190 In 1963, with technology The computer was in its infancy, 104 00:06:25,190 --> 00:06:27,993 .This seemed like an impossible challenge 105 00:06:34,440 --> 00:06:37,640 The most important achievements of the Lunokhod program were: 106 00:06:37,640 --> 00:06:40,850 One, it was too early. Two 107 00:06:40,850 --> 00:06:43,440 It produced some useful science. 108 00:06:43,440 --> 00:06:46,460 Three, it represents the solution 109 00:06:46,460 --> 00:06:49,340 For some engineering problems .and difficult design 110 00:06:49,340 --> 00:06:51,199 .By some very smart people 111 00:06:52,715 --> 00:06:55,510 .It's really amazing, us tank designers 112 00:06:55,510 --> 00:06:56,990 They were assigned the task of construction 113 00:06:56,990 --> 00:06:59,163 The chassis of the Lunokhod lunar rover 114 00:07:05,560 --> 00:07:08,480 Robotics was not yet a known science 115 00:07:08,480 --> 00:07:11,840 By Alexander Kemordjian And his engineers in Tranmash, 116 00:07:11,840 --> 00:07:15,030 Everything had to be explored .something, inventing it and testing it 117 00:07:15,030 --> 00:07:18,680 No idea, even the wildest, is excluded 118 00:07:18,680 --> 00:07:21,740 These guys have designed a whole collection 119 00:07:21,740 --> 00:07:25,070 Automated rovers To explore the planets, 120 00:07:25,070 --> 00:07:27,830 .And they had very clever mechanical designs 121 00:07:27,830 --> 00:07:30,567 And test all these concepts 122 00:07:39,030 --> 00:07:40,580 .Rover prototypes 123 00:07:40,580 --> 00:07:42,690 .I soon left the workshops 124 00:07:42,690 --> 00:07:46,030 Their designers were the only ones .who saw their wheels turning 125 00:07:46,030 --> 00:07:47,993 .or saw them take their first steps 126 00:07:51,037 --> 00:07:52,290 We were put in a closed room 127 00:07:52,290 --> 00:07:53,450 .from prying eyes 128 00:07:53,450 --> 00:07:55,180 This is where we created boards Our own drawing 129 00:07:55,180 --> 00:07:57,840 Access to our offices is prohibited 130 00:07:57,840 --> 00:08:00,143 Our work is classified as a military secret 131 00:08:03,690 --> 00:08:04,680 There was no talking 132 00:08:04,680 --> 00:08:06,610 About Lunokhod at home 133 00:08:06,610 --> 00:08:08,693 .I just knew that my father worked on the structure 134 00:08:08,693 --> 00:08:11,150 .for the lunar module after their instruments 135 00:08:11,150 --> 00:08:12,200 He has reached the moon 136 00:08:14,950 --> 00:08:15,783 On binoculars, what a beautiful view 137 00:08:16,830 --> 00:08:19,160 The Americans were making great progress 138 00:08:19,160 --> 00:08:22,070 After the success of my program .Mercury and Gemini, 139 00:08:22,070 --> 00:08:24,270 Their astronauts began intensive training 140 00:08:28,480 --> 00:08:30,770 Kennedy on the one hand, And Khrushchev on the other hand 141 00:08:30,770 --> 00:08:32,820 They put intense pressure on their engineers 142 00:08:32,820 --> 00:08:34,800 The next geopolitical battle 143 00:08:34,800 --> 00:08:38,013 .You will play in technology and space 144 00:08:41,460 --> 00:08:44,733 We couldn't let the Americans on the moon 145 00:08:46,517 --> 00:08:47,753 .It was the Cold War 146 00:08:50,140 --> 00:08:51,490 But there was a problem 147 00:08:51,490 --> 00:08:52,750 The moon was still a mystery 148 00:08:52,750 --> 00:08:54,850 No one knew what its surface was made of 149 00:08:54,850 --> 00:08:56,420 Was it hard or soft? 150 00:08:56,420 --> 00:08:58,760 Will the rover sink? Is it like quicksand? 151 00:08:58,760 --> 00:09:01,140 In the face of this conundrum, Sergei Korolev 152 00:09:01,140 --> 00:09:03,560 Consult the best specialist In Soviet science 153 00:09:03,560 --> 00:09:06,051 Then he announced his decision 154 00:09:09,230 --> 00:09:12,260 The surface of the moon is difficult 155 00:09:12,260 --> 00:09:15,070 It was not possible .Design of a remote control 156 00:09:15,070 --> 00:09:17,330 The lunar module is capable of travel 157 00:09:17,330 --> 00:09:20,073 .Terrain of dust, sand and rocks 158 00:09:21,850 --> 00:09:25,173 We had to find an option .one and make a decision 159 00:09:27,830 --> 00:09:29,490 Once this decision is made, 160 00:09:29,490 --> 00:09:32,280 We started thinking about prototypes 161 00:09:32,280 --> 00:09:35,030 Then later, when we saw Samples from the surface of the moon, 162 00:09:35,030 --> 00:09:37,963 We know that Korolev's decision was correct 163 00:09:40,270 --> 00:09:42,820 Thanks to Korolev's bold decision, 164 00:09:42,820 --> 00:09:44,790 .Lonokhod software can be moved to 165 00:09:44,790 --> 00:09:46,860 .Mechanical research stage 166 00:09:46,860 --> 00:09:49,060 Another decision arose immediately 167 00:09:49,060 --> 00:09:51,420 Should the rover contain On tracks or wheels? 168 00:09:51,420 --> 00:09:53,620 Once again, the engineers turned to Korolev 169 00:09:59,140 --> 00:10:00,297 .Korolev told us, 170 00:10:00,297 --> 00:10:02,327 I won't give you any advice 171 00:10:02,327 --> 00:10:04,527 You are the specialists, you get it 172 00:10:07,360 --> 00:10:10,010 Alexander Kemordjian And his tank designers 173 00:10:10,010 --> 00:10:12,700 He initially preferred the TrackDrive mechanism 174 00:10:12,700 --> 00:10:14,873 But was this really the right solution? 175 00:10:23,790 --> 00:10:25,450 .I quickly understood that it would be 176 00:10:25,450 --> 00:10:27,490 It is very difficult to use the paths, 177 00:10:27,490 --> 00:10:29,460 .Because the electrical energy required 178 00:10:29,460 --> 00:10:32,203 To operate the engines it was .Only about 300 watts 179 00:10:33,410 --> 00:10:34,900 Can you imagine? 180 00:10:34,900 --> 00:10:36,390 It is the energy of a light bulb 181 00:10:36,390 --> 00:10:38,340 .It is very, very weak 182 00:10:38,340 --> 00:10:40,550 It was supposed to be supplied .Power the lamp 183 00:10:40,550 --> 00:10:43,323 Lunokhod under the circumstances .Harsh on the moon 184 00:10:47,573 --> 00:10:49,850 .Therefore, if the tracks are broken 185 00:10:49,850 --> 00:10:51,033 It will be the end 186 00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:55,853 With several wheels, it can To continue without hindrance 187 00:10:59,780 --> 00:11:01,990 A structure was formed Lunokhod is under care 188 00:11:01,990 --> 00:11:03,820 .For Leningrad engineers 189 00:11:03,820 --> 00:11:07,430 Here are the wheels of the cart Mobile phone, the size of a car 190 00:11:07,430 --> 00:11:10,760 Just under eight Inches and 20 inches high 191 00:11:10,760 --> 00:11:13,600 The tread, which was on it To touch the surface of the moon, 192 00:11:13,600 --> 00:11:16,280 .It was a net with ribbons 193 00:11:16,280 --> 00:11:18,050 .And yet another mystery 194 00:11:18,050 --> 00:11:21,190 The vehicle had to weigh less than 242 pounds 195 00:11:21,190 --> 00:11:24,310 More discussions, more Theories, more tests 196 00:11:24,310 --> 00:11:27,520 And a new discovery of alloys Titanium and aluminum 197 00:11:27,520 --> 00:11:29,603 Classified as a military secret 198 00:11:37,310 --> 00:11:39,630 .For us, create a mechanical device 199 00:11:39,630 --> 00:11:41,840 .It can be transmitted over a certain surface 200 00:11:41,840 --> 00:11:43,700 .It wasn't really a problem 201 00:11:43,700 --> 00:11:46,110 The difficulty was in creating a device 202 00:11:46,110 --> 00:11:48,110 .that meets all technical requirements 203 00:11:50,940 --> 00:11:54,350 Their devices were mechanical .extremely smart, 204 00:11:54,350 --> 00:11:58,160 And so they had a lot .of classical engineers 205 00:11:58,160 --> 00:11:59,200 .approach to her 206 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:00,890 Try it, build it, watch it, test it 207 00:12:00,890 --> 00:12:02,290 .It doesn't work, try again 208 00:12:02,290 --> 00:12:03,300 .Do it this way 209 00:12:03,300 --> 00:12:06,000 If we only get 75%, that's okay 210 00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:08,650 Next time, we will .at 95%, and then another time after that 211 00:12:08,650 --> 00:12:10,730 We will eventually achieve complete success 212 00:12:10,730 --> 00:12:12,630 .They were more willing to own it 213 00:12:12,630 --> 00:12:15,003 .A systematic, ongoing approach 214 00:12:16,260 --> 00:12:18,800 In 1964, after only two years 215 00:12:18,800 --> 00:12:21,590 Initial drawings ,Transach Engineers 216 00:12:21,590 --> 00:12:24,430 They were able to test their prototype 217 00:12:24,430 --> 00:12:26,460 Equipped with four driving wheels, 218 00:12:26,460 --> 00:12:29,710 Their robotic turtle got up The alien on her first voyage 219 00:12:29,710 --> 00:12:31,363 With a periscope camera 220 00:12:33,292 --> 00:12:35,230 We put a Japanese video camera on it. 221 00:12:35,230 --> 00:12:37,020 He controls the machine from a distance 222 00:12:37,020 --> 00:12:38,140 .using television 223 00:12:38,140 --> 00:12:39,430 Then we started thinking 224 00:12:39,430 --> 00:12:41,283 .Remote control steering system 225 00:12:43,810 --> 00:12:45,880 Then the engineers had to anticipate 226 00:12:45,880 --> 00:12:48,010 .Reactions of the rover on the moon 227 00:12:48,010 --> 00:12:51,350 For this purpose, Transach created a secret hangar 228 00:12:51,350 --> 00:12:53,380 .known as Lunadrome 229 00:12:53,380 --> 00:12:55,490 From a vehicle, two engineers took control 230 00:12:55,490 --> 00:12:58,350 The prototype of the generation The second on the path of the moon 231 00:12:58,350 --> 00:13:00,050 .full of obstacles 232 00:13:00,050 --> 00:13:01,960 The device had eight driving wheels 233 00:13:01,960 --> 00:13:03,860 With independent commentary 234 00:13:03,860 --> 00:13:06,753 .It only takes three to keep it working 235 00:13:18,890 --> 00:13:21,860 He faced Alexander Kemordjian .new problem, 236 00:13:21,860 --> 00:13:24,170 .This is purely mechanical 237 00:13:24,170 --> 00:13:28,040 In the atmosphere, at .Two metal parts touching, 238 00:13:28,040 --> 00:13:30,950 An oxide film is formed At the points of friction, 239 00:13:30,950 --> 00:13:32,932 .Act as a lubricant 240 00:13:32,932 --> 00:13:37,350 In the vacuum, the two parts form together 241 00:13:37,350 --> 00:13:40,860 The answer is, they were designed New fluoridated oil 242 00:13:40,860 --> 00:13:43,140 .that did not evaporate in a vacuum 243 00:13:43,140 --> 00:13:46,653 The electric motors are encapsulated In sealed boxes 244 00:13:47,490 --> 00:13:51,170 But it was still a big step To test these inventions 245 00:13:51,170 --> 00:13:53,023 In a gravity-free environment 246 00:14:04,300 --> 00:14:06,690 Presentation by Sergey Korolev .launching a satellite 247 00:14:06,690 --> 00:14:10,240 Just for us, so we can From testing our engine compartments 248 00:14:10,240 --> 00:14:13,193 And mechanics in an environment .Free of gravity 249 00:14:14,338 --> 00:14:17,330 In the end, we weren't .Need a specific satellite 250 00:14:17,330 --> 00:14:20,080 Because we found a place .in an existing satellite 251 00:14:20,080 --> 00:14:22,163 .It is already scheduled for release 252 00:14:26,350 --> 00:14:29,200 After checking this step .artistics in space, 253 00:14:29,200 --> 00:14:32,410 Lunokhod was ready for the tests .on full scale 254 00:14:32,410 --> 00:14:35,320 .With the utmost confidentiality, Transach engineers 255 00:14:35,320 --> 00:14:38,900 They moved their prototype to Kamchatka Peninsula, 256 00:14:38,900 --> 00:14:42,540 Nine time zones apart About Leningrad in Moscow 257 00:14:42,540 --> 00:14:44,590 -Why volcanic landscapes 258 00:14:44,590 --> 00:14:46,700 , in the Far East of Russia 259 00:14:46,700 --> 00:14:49,320 Be similar to the surface of the moon? 260 00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:51,900 This experience was an opportunity to test 261 00:14:51,900 --> 00:14:55,050 .Automated control systems for the first time 262 00:14:55,050 --> 00:14:57,150 This hack, for example 263 00:14:57,150 --> 00:15:00,053 Which would measure .Moon surface density 264 00:15:11,622 --> 00:15:13,360 .It was not an absolute replica 265 00:15:13,360 --> 00:15:14,910 .from the surface of the moon 266 00:15:14,910 --> 00:15:16,870 .What was important were the characteristics 267 00:15:16,870 --> 00:15:19,550 From this surface, its ability to detect 268 00:15:19,550 --> 00:15:21,807 .Engine and chassis feedback 269 00:15:21,807 --> 00:15:24,560 The surface complies with these requirements, 270 00:15:24,560 --> 00:15:26,460 This was the most important thing 271 00:15:30,500 --> 00:15:33,321 In 1965, Sergei Korolev 272 00:15:33,321 --> 00:15:36,110 .Full authorization of Lunokhod production 273 00:15:36,110 --> 00:15:39,070 To the Lavochkin Institute in Moscow, 274 00:15:39,070 --> 00:15:41,313 Which specialized in space probes 275 00:15:46,220 --> 00:15:49,934 Ashraf Executive Director .Georgy Babakin on the design 276 00:15:49,934 --> 00:15:52,640 From the lunar landing module 277 00:15:52,640 --> 00:15:55,560 .Lonokhod, a strange rotating basin 278 00:15:55,560 --> 00:15:58,593 It was equipped with equipment .Electronic and scientific 279 00:16:01,040 --> 00:16:03,960 From Moscow, it could Published by Georgy Babakin 280 00:16:03,960 --> 00:16:07,000 Specific instructions related to development 281 00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:09,530 For the structure and the independence of the engines 282 00:16:09,530 --> 00:16:10,680 Assembled in Leningrad 283 00:16:17,377 --> 00:16:19,447 Babkin Group sent these instructions 284 00:16:19,447 --> 00:16:21,587 Make sure Lunokhod comes down the slope 285 00:16:21,587 --> 00:16:25,257 On the moon and driving a distance .Not less than a few metres 286 00:16:25,257 --> 00:16:27,640 .Everyone will be grateful to you then 287 00:16:27,640 --> 00:16:30,100 But we also knew that if Lunokhod had only driven 288 00:16:30,100 --> 00:16:33,403 A few tens of metres And we stopped, we will not survive 289 00:16:42,230 --> 00:16:45,130 At Cape Canaveral , the Americans conducted 290 00:16:45,130 --> 00:16:48,420 Multiple launches to terminate the Saturn 5 291 00:16:48,420 --> 00:16:50,350 And the Apollo spacecraft 292 00:16:50,350 --> 00:16:52,710 They worked methodically, never deviated 293 00:16:52,710 --> 00:16:55,630 .of the only goal that Kennedy set 294 00:16:55,630 --> 00:16:58,090 Soviet scientists dispersed, 295 00:16:58,090 --> 00:16:59,900 Their hopes of landing a man on the moon 296 00:16:59,900 --> 00:17:02,350 Resting with a giant N1 missile 297 00:17:02,350 --> 00:17:04,850 But with every launch, it didn't May this hope last forever 298 00:17:04,850 --> 00:17:07,083 More than 50 seconds 299 00:17:10,700 --> 00:17:12,660 This was in the mid-sixties 300 00:17:12,660 --> 00:17:15,950 It was still the Soviet Union On his way to the moon race, 301 00:17:15,950 --> 00:17:16,800 But for how long? 302 00:17:23,260 --> 00:17:27,220 In January 1966, Sergei Korolev died 303 00:17:27,220 --> 00:17:29,390 During a routine surgery 304 00:17:29,390 --> 00:17:32,230 The Soviet Union gave the man a national funeral 305 00:17:32,230 --> 00:17:35,730 Who led the first successes? The country in space 306 00:17:35,730 --> 00:17:38,310 Korolev is buried at the base of the Kremlin 307 00:17:38,310 --> 00:17:40,960 With him, the Soviets were buried .so many of their hopes 308 00:17:40,960 --> 00:17:43,893 To reach the surface The moon before the Americans 309 00:17:46,060 --> 00:17:49,770 It was on Georgy Babakin Rebuild his team’s confidence 310 00:17:49,770 --> 00:17:52,820 Lunokhod tests began .again at full strength 311 00:17:52,820 --> 00:17:55,550 It has now been performed in Moscow and Leningrad, 312 00:17:55,550 --> 00:17:57,565 .often 24 hours a day 313 00:18:08,250 --> 00:18:09,290 We repaired the offices 314 00:18:09,290 --> 00:18:10,970 .so we can sleep there 315 00:18:10,970 --> 00:18:13,850 We brought mattresses, sheets and blankets. 316 00:18:13,850 --> 00:18:17,150 They called this part of The factory name is Charmash Hotel. 317 00:18:17,150 --> 00:18:19,760 Because we usually make charcoal, 318 00:18:19,760 --> 00:18:23,403 Which means tanks, .Hence, Charmesh Hotel 319 00:18:28,300 --> 00:18:30,520 A new device appeared on LONKHED, 320 00:18:30,520 --> 00:18:33,180 A lid that the inventors called a frying pan. 321 00:18:33,180 --> 00:18:35,710 Which had a solar panel On the underside 322 00:18:35,710 --> 00:18:37,360 This was a crucial invention 323 00:18:37,360 --> 00:18:39,250 Within two weeks of the lunar day, 324 00:18:39,250 --> 00:18:41,857 The unfolded cover will save .Power to the driving wheels 325 00:18:41,857 --> 00:18:44,610 And to existing tools Inside the cabin 326 00:18:44,610 --> 00:18:46,600 Within two weeks of the full moon night, 327 00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:49,460 The lid will close to protect .The rover is from the cold 328 00:18:49,460 --> 00:18:53,170 But with temperatures of 275 degrees Fahrenheit, 329 00:18:53,170 --> 00:18:55,320 No one can be sure ...that it will be enough 330 00:18:59,650 --> 00:19:02,420 Lunokhod designs itself , thermal control system 331 00:19:02,420 --> 00:19:05,270 .With radiant heater and hood 332 00:19:05,270 --> 00:19:09,220 Which closes and opens, and which works .Also as a solar collector 333 00:19:09,220 --> 00:19:13,693 During the day, this was it The thermal design is very ingenious 334 00:19:14,550 --> 00:19:17,810 From a polonium-210 radiant power source, 335 00:19:17,810 --> 00:19:19,810 .Powered by a generator, it was installed 336 00:19:19,810 --> 00:19:21,543 .On the back of Lonkhad 337 00:19:22,960 --> 00:19:26,080 During the lunar night, it was closed Heat shield 338 00:19:26,080 --> 00:19:28,000 The generator heated the gas 339 00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:31,333 Contained in the cabin .Isolated and compressed 340 00:19:33,340 --> 00:19:36,920 .It looked like a large washtub on wheels 341 00:19:36,920 --> 00:19:40,033 Anyway, it was the control system This thermostat is very elegant 342 00:19:41,360 --> 00:19:43,900 To withstand the temperatures of the lunar day, 343 00:19:43,900 --> 00:19:46,880 .which can reach 320 degrees Fahrenheit, 344 00:19:46,880 --> 00:19:50,230 Lunokhod was protected by a ventilation system 345 00:19:50,230 --> 00:19:52,570 Gas circulating in the cabin 346 00:19:52,570 --> 00:19:55,660 When the equipment is born .electrical a lot of heat 347 00:19:55,660 --> 00:19:58,070 The heat was then discharged outside 348 00:19:58,070 --> 00:19:59,943 .By heat exchange unit 349 00:20:01,950 --> 00:20:05,420 At each stage, she performed a group .Babakin accurate tests 350 00:20:05,420 --> 00:20:06,743 .on these innovations 351 00:20:15,240 --> 00:20:17,970 Soon, the little rover will be ready 352 00:20:17,970 --> 00:20:19,020 To drive on the moon's surface 353 00:20:26,550 --> 00:20:28,720 But the program still needs to find men 354 00:20:28,720 --> 00:20:33,220 Who can drive it? From 250,000 miles away 355 00:20:33,220 --> 00:20:37,140 Once again, managers turned .program to the Red Army 356 00:20:37,140 --> 00:20:42,140 By late 1966, 45 secret officers were selected 357 00:20:42,340 --> 00:20:47,050 After a series of tests Only 14 candidates were selected 358 00:20:47,050 --> 00:20:49,190 .They were astonished when they learned of their mission 359 00:20:49,190 --> 00:20:51,510 Driving a spacecraft on the surface of the moon 360 00:20:51,510 --> 00:20:54,920 Vyacheslav Dovgan, photographed here in 1967 361 00:20:54,920 --> 00:20:56,670 He was one of the fourteen pilots 362 00:20:56,670 --> 00:20:59,703 He remembers this experience Which distinguished him for life 363 00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:08,580 Before us, they tried to use pilots 364 00:21:08,580 --> 00:21:13,080 Tractor drivers and drivers Cars and even cyclists 365 00:21:13,080 --> 00:21:17,750 They chose the men who They know how to quickly assess the situation 366 00:21:17,750 --> 00:21:19,670 And who can preserve and reproduce 367 00:21:19,670 --> 00:21:21,483 .situation immediately 368 00:21:27,180 --> 00:21:29,740 The drivers submitted Futurists for intensive training 369 00:21:29,740 --> 00:21:33,310 In the waiting room at the centre Simferopol Space Command 370 00:21:33,310 --> 00:21:34,730 .in Crimea 371 00:21:34,730 --> 00:21:37,783 Learn how to control The car using the joystick 372 00:21:41,450 --> 00:21:45,070 The officers focused on the observers And they repeated the maneuvers 373 00:21:45,070 --> 00:21:47,990 They will perform it as soon as it arrives The rover to the moon 374 00:21:47,990 --> 00:21:51,480 .Over and over again, removing an obstacle 375 00:21:51,480 --> 00:21:55,170 Climbing out of the hole, expectation , turn right 376 00:21:55,170 --> 00:21:59,733 Move forward, turn left Backup, emergency stop 377 00:22:02,227 --> 00:22:05,910 The Lunadrome was only 200 meters away 378 00:22:05,910 --> 00:22:09,200 We could see it, But the curtains were closed 379 00:22:09,200 --> 00:22:11,250 This is why all the information is accessible 380 00:22:11,250 --> 00:22:13,073 .control screen, just as if 381 00:22:13,073 --> 00:22:15,040 .It was happening on the moon 382 00:22:20,327 --> 00:22:21,780 .There was a lapse of 30 seconds 383 00:22:21,780 --> 00:22:23,550 Show an order issued on the ground 384 00:22:23,550 --> 00:22:25,810 And its implementation on the moon 385 00:22:25,810 --> 00:22:29,260 For these guys, this was it The schedule is the most difficult problem 386 00:22:29,260 --> 00:22:32,133 To overcome them in learning How to control the car 387 00:22:36,441 --> 00:22:37,370 .car operator 388 00:22:37,370 --> 00:22:40,070 He was taking responsibility .largest during control 389 00:22:40,070 --> 00:22:41,660 .of this car 390 00:22:41,660 --> 00:22:43,540 .can be nervous about making a mistake, 391 00:22:43,540 --> 00:22:46,850 But clearly this was not always the case 392 00:22:46,850 --> 00:22:49,540 Everything was fine .If you do the analysis correctly 393 00:22:49,540 --> 00:22:51,900 .Mode, various parameters 394 00:22:51,900 --> 00:22:53,350 And make the right decision 395 00:22:54,290 --> 00:22:56,650 It was meant to be .Things are perfect, but suddenly... 396 00:22:56,650 --> 00:22:58,550 .fall into a hole 397 00:22:58,550 --> 00:23:01,360 In this case, either The joystick is broken. 398 00:23:01,360 --> 00:23:03,240 Or the engine stops on its own, 399 00:23:03,240 --> 00:23:05,273 Then you think you did something wrong 400 00:23:09,129 --> 00:23:11,200 Vyacheslav Dovgan and his colleagues 401 00:23:11,200 --> 00:23:13,860 .They were well aware of the importance of their mission 402 00:23:13,860 --> 00:23:16,760 In this battle with United States, 403 00:23:16,760 --> 00:23:20,060 The fate of the union was in their hands 404 00:23:20,060 --> 00:23:23,517 And in a country where it still exists Fear of labor camps, 405 00:23:23,517 --> 00:23:26,503 The anxiety of failure was palpable 406 00:23:28,620 --> 00:23:31,593 In November 1968, the pilot crew was ready 407 00:23:33,715 --> 00:23:35,810 .But the decisive run was in play 408 00:23:35,810 --> 00:23:38,010 .On the other side of the Atlantic Ocean 409 00:23:38,010 --> 00:23:41,810 December 21, 1968, Saturn V rocket 410 00:23:41,810 --> 00:23:44,650 There were three on board American astronauts 411 00:23:44,650 --> 00:23:47,600 For the first time, in the Apollo 8 capsule 412 00:23:47,600 --> 00:23:50,040 .Men were orbiting the moon 413 00:23:50,040 --> 00:23:52,670 For their part, the Soviets were able to position themselves 414 00:23:52,670 --> 00:23:56,110 Two tentacles on the surface of the desired goal 415 00:23:56,110 --> 00:23:59,270 The success of Luna 9 and Luna 13 416 00:23:59,270 --> 00:24:02,060 .provided a wealth of extraordinary images 417 00:24:02,060 --> 00:24:05,300 And important information about the surface of the moon 418 00:24:05,300 --> 00:24:08,410 But with failure .the repeater of the N1 missile, 419 00:24:08,410 --> 00:24:11,310 Russia no longer has any .Hope to reach the moon 420 00:24:11,310 --> 00:24:13,280 Before the Americans 421 00:24:13,280 --> 00:24:16,323 Two men can still Saving the honor of the Soviets, 422 00:24:17,330 --> 00:24:19,887 .Georgy Babakin, Alexander Kemurdjian 423 00:24:19,887 --> 00:24:22,653 And their secret box, Lonkhed 424 00:24:23,520 --> 00:24:25,760 It was Babakin's group .puts the finishing touches 425 00:24:25,760 --> 00:24:27,253 On the rover in Moscow 426 00:24:28,090 --> 00:24:29,990 There was no more .Problems with the cabin 427 00:24:29,990 --> 00:24:32,390 Flexibility and separation of elements 428 00:24:32,390 --> 00:24:34,313 From the landing pad on the moon 429 00:24:37,970 --> 00:24:40,400 All scientific instruments have been installed 430 00:24:40,400 --> 00:24:43,223 The components work fine .Perfect in a vacuum 431 00:24:47,210 --> 00:24:49,980 Slopes leading to .down from the landing pad 432 00:24:49,980 --> 00:24:51,910 .it was working 433 00:24:51,910 --> 00:24:54,540 Helical antenna And the whip who was received 434 00:24:54,540 --> 00:24:58,340 electromagnetic waves, It responded to more than 200 commands 435 00:24:58,340 --> 00:24:59,773 To control the rover 436 00:25:06,140 --> 00:25:09,270 .Lonokhod, who was in the grip of a missile 437 00:25:09,270 --> 00:25:11,657 The size of a small car 438 00:25:11,657 --> 00:25:16,657 His weight is 1666 pounds, his height is slightly longer About seven feet and five feet wide 439 00:25:17,210 --> 00:25:20,600 But it was a really strange car And you can drive in a vacuum 440 00:25:20,600 --> 00:25:23,510 .from empty space, it is operated from Earth 441 00:25:23,510 --> 00:25:25,580 .At that time, even Americans believed 442 00:25:25,580 --> 00:25:28,600 Such exploitation .technologically it was impossible 443 00:25:29,569 --> 00:25:32,319 ♪♪ 444 00:25:37,830 --> 00:25:41,480 In early 1969, it was done Installation of the small rover 445 00:25:41,480 --> 00:25:44,420 Its landing module, .and both were placed last 446 00:25:44,420 --> 00:25:47,300 .At the top of the proton rocket 447 00:25:47,300 --> 00:25:49,480 Lunokhod was ready 448 00:25:49,480 --> 00:25:52,180 After a decade of frantic preparations, 449 00:25:52,180 --> 00:25:55,533 It was a race to the moon .يقترب من السباق النهائي 450 00:26:00,705 --> 00:26:04,130 On February 19, 1969, the proton rocket 451 00:26:04,130 --> 00:26:06,720 It was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome 452 00:26:06,720 --> 00:26:08,520 .with Lunokhod on board 453 00:26:08,520 --> 00:26:11,903 For the Russians, success was within reach 454 00:26:18,550 --> 00:26:22,170 That day, smoke More than one missile, 455 00:26:22,170 --> 00:26:24,780 .More than just a prototype lunar module 456 00:26:24,780 --> 00:26:27,833 It was the hopes that fueled her A decade of hard work 457 00:26:33,110 --> 00:26:36,710 It was on Soviet engineers To go through a final ordeal 458 00:26:36,710 --> 00:26:38,270 Watch the American victory 459 00:26:38,270 --> 00:26:40,360 One, two, three, four 460 00:26:53,160 --> 00:26:57,420 On that day you don't .Forgotten on July 21, 1969, 461 00:26:57,420 --> 00:27:01,420 Neil Armstrong dedicated the victory The American on the moon 462 00:27:01,420 --> 00:27:02,963 For all of humanity 463 00:27:06,460 --> 00:27:08,450 The whole world was amazed 464 00:27:08,450 --> 00:27:10,623 In the footsteps of the moon's surface 465 00:27:12,810 --> 00:27:16,096 But in Moscow and Leningrad Scientists knew that history 466 00:27:16,096 --> 00:27:18,460 .will record another milestone, 467 00:27:18,460 --> 00:27:20,723 Lunar module wheel mark 468 00:27:22,340 --> 00:27:24,590 For Alexander Kemurdjian, there will be 469 00:27:24,590 --> 00:27:27,113 No deadline for a full year 470 00:27:32,310 --> 00:27:36,520 On November 10, 1970 , Soviet pilots and technicians 471 00:27:36,520 --> 00:27:38,320 .Gathered in the control room 472 00:27:38,320 --> 00:27:40,660 At the Simferopol Space Center 473 00:27:40,660 --> 00:27:43,570 Thousands of miles away in Baikonur, 474 00:27:43,570 --> 00:27:44,833 The countdown has begun 475 00:28:03,040 --> 00:28:06,970 At 3:44 p.m., the proton rocket lifted off 476 00:28:06,970 --> 00:28:09,540 .He was on board a new lunkhed 477 00:28:09,540 --> 00:28:12,520 At an altitude of 50 miles Proton rocket 478 00:28:12,520 --> 00:28:15,460 I reached the required speed To orbit around the Earth 479 00:28:15,460 --> 00:28:17,960 After several engine boosts, it fired 480 00:28:17,960 --> 00:28:21,710 Luna 17 spacecraft, .which gradually jumped free 481 00:28:21,710 --> 00:28:24,360 .من جاذبية الأرض 482 00:28:24,360 --> 00:28:26,680 It took four Half a day to cover the distance 483 00:28:26,680 --> 00:28:28,030 From Earth to the Moon 484 00:28:31,890 --> 00:28:34,393 The entire program was secret 485 00:28:36,700 --> 00:28:39,373 Only the estimated date of landing On the surface of the moon was not, 486 00:28:42,587 --> 00:28:45,660 Because many astronomers .They were waiting for this event 487 00:28:45,660 --> 00:28:46,743 In observatories 488 00:28:48,880 --> 00:28:51,287 But once it fell The moon on the moon, 489 00:28:51,287 --> 00:28:54,223 The secret has been revealed .behind the entire project 490 00:29:02,050 --> 00:29:03,330 .The landing site on the moon 491 00:29:03,330 --> 00:29:05,320 .It has been carefully selected 492 00:29:05,320 --> 00:29:08,016 After orbiting around the moon for 48 hours, 493 00:29:08,016 --> 00:29:11,483 Lunokhod 1 began its historic landing 494 00:29:13,990 --> 00:29:18,990 On November 17, 1970, Luna 17 landed smoothly 495 00:29:19,070 --> 00:29:22,550 In the sea of rain It settled on the surface of the moon 496 00:29:22,550 --> 00:29:23,700 At an angle of four degrees 497 00:29:27,170 --> 00:29:28,520 .I experienced this moment 498 00:29:28,520 --> 00:29:30,800 .as an amazing rush of emotion 499 00:29:30,800 --> 00:29:33,460 When the platform landed Landing on the moon, 500 00:29:33,460 --> 00:29:34,653 .It was tremendous 501 00:29:39,070 --> 00:29:40,467 The flight engineer shouted, 502 00:29:40,467 --> 00:29:43,637 Lunokhod has landed on the surface of the Earth 503 00:29:44,496 --> 00:29:48,032 .Soon he corrected himself, the moon 504 00:29:48,032 --> 00:29:50,163 .Everyone burst into applause 505 00:29:51,690 --> 00:29:53,830 The landing ramp has been deployed 506 00:29:53,830 --> 00:29:57,553 The surface of the moon expanded In front of Lunokhod wheels 507 00:29:57,553 --> 00:29:59,700 But who will make the final decision? 508 00:29:59,700 --> 00:30:02,460 To start the vehicle .lunar and push it down 509 00:30:02,460 --> 00:30:04,070 These few feet? 510 00:30:04,070 --> 00:30:06,370 The team, because of its initial enthusiasm 511 00:30:06,370 --> 00:30:08,410 I had to analyze the relevant parameters 512 00:30:08,410 --> 00:30:11,560 .The vertical and horizontal position of the cheeks 513 00:30:11,560 --> 00:30:14,000 To avoid any possibility of falling 514 00:30:14,000 --> 00:30:16,530 .when she rolled onto the platform 515 00:30:16,530 --> 00:30:18,330 Three hours passed 516 00:30:18,330 --> 00:30:19,797 .First pictures of the surface 517 00:30:19,797 --> 00:30:23,110 I arrived at a command center .Simferopol on the ground 518 00:30:23,110 --> 00:30:25,300 The whole team was completely focused 519 00:30:25,300 --> 00:30:26,783 The tension was rising 520 00:30:34,370 --> 00:30:37,187 Suddenly, Genia Latypov announced 521 00:30:37,187 --> 00:30:39,637 I see the surface of the moon, it's flat 522 00:30:39,637 --> 00:30:41,390 The surface is flat 523 00:30:41,390 --> 00:30:43,340 And if he adds, it is beautiful 524 00:30:48,110 --> 00:30:49,760 .The pictures show that Lonkhed 525 00:30:49,760 --> 00:30:52,200 .It was positioned correctly for landing 526 00:30:52,200 --> 00:30:54,420 There were no obstacles on the moon's surface 527 00:30:54,420 --> 00:30:57,110 In front of titanium and aluminum wheels 528 00:30:57,110 --> 00:30:58,902 The order to continue was given 529 00:31:00,182 --> 00:31:02,240 .At that exact moment, Genia Latypov 530 00:31:02,240 --> 00:31:07,000 Who was controlling me ..the car, his pulse was 140 531 00:31:07,000 --> 00:31:10,070 .Ginya had never reacted like this before 532 00:31:10,070 --> 00:31:12,040 Responding to sent commands 533 00:31:12,040 --> 00:31:14,770 With 250,000 miles of empty space, 534 00:31:14,770 --> 00:31:17,170 Lunokhod descended to the roof 535 00:31:17,170 --> 00:31:20,350 16 months after Neil's move Armstrong Historical, 536 00:31:20,350 --> 00:31:23,593 This was a moment of triumph For Soviet engineers 537 00:31:26,640 --> 00:31:28,980 Lunokhod descended to the roof, 538 00:31:28,980 --> 00:31:31,500 Then move forward 15 to 30 feet 539 00:31:31,500 --> 00:31:32,950 Then stop 540 00:31:32,950 --> 00:31:35,510 We can define tags remaining on the moon's surface 541 00:31:35,510 --> 00:31:36,960 .it was wonderful 542 00:31:36,960 --> 00:31:38,013 .Fantasy story 543 00:31:43,490 --> 00:31:45,817 In Leningrad, Alexander Kemurdjian 544 00:31:45,817 --> 00:31:48,450 He has just undergone a serious surgery 545 00:31:48,450 --> 00:31:50,760 .One of the parents of the small rover 546 00:31:50,760 --> 00:31:53,913 Follow his first steps From his hospital bed 547 00:31:56,290 --> 00:31:58,140 .I was in the room with Kemordjian 548 00:31:58,140 --> 00:32:00,000 And my eyes filled with tears 549 00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:01,420 It was a complete victory 550 00:32:01,420 --> 00:32:03,260 We were putting a lot of energy into it 551 00:32:03,260 --> 00:32:07,113 Personally, I didn't take it Vacation for three years 552 00:32:09,160 --> 00:32:11,910 Simferopol Space Center in Crimea 553 00:32:11,910 --> 00:32:14,680 .He gave the command to deploy the helical antenna 554 00:32:14,680 --> 00:32:16,480 .And open the solar panel cover 555 00:32:17,770 --> 00:32:20,490 There were no astronauts .Soviet on the moon, 556 00:32:20,490 --> 00:32:23,760 But instead, a cart A small, well-crafted mobile phone 557 00:32:23,760 --> 00:32:27,223 Which responded to orders from The distant Soviet Union 558 00:32:34,550 --> 00:32:38,160 Radio Moscow International broadcast 559 00:32:38,160 --> 00:32:41,060 Leonid Brezhnev and the Kremlin leaders, 560 00:32:41,060 --> 00:32:44,190 This success brought hopes of renaissance 561 00:32:44,190 --> 00:32:48,220 Will Lunokhod strengthen Support for the Communist Party? 562 00:32:48,220 --> 00:32:49,640 Not sure about that 563 00:32:49,640 --> 00:32:52,660 The world press praised The rover was successful. 564 00:32:52,660 --> 00:32:55,180 But the applause was .above all for genius 565 00:32:55,180 --> 00:32:57,563 From Russian scientists and engineers 566 00:32:58,591 --> 00:33:01,439 ♪♪ 567 00:33:02,272 --> 00:33:04,230 It was a unique car 568 00:33:04,230 --> 00:33:06,480 The Americans didn't think about that 569 00:33:06,480 --> 00:33:08,640 If we launched it a little earlier, 570 00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:11,650 .Maybe we felt somewhat better 571 00:33:11,650 --> 00:33:12,920 But that was not the goal 572 00:33:12,920 --> 00:33:15,417 Operating automated vehicles on the roof 573 00:33:15,417 --> 00:33:18,690 .Done by Lunokhod in the early 1970s, 574 00:33:18,690 --> 00:33:21,610 It wasn't even repeated again We did it in the end 575 00:33:21,610 --> 00:33:26,210 In 1996, 1997, with Mars Pathfinder 576 00:33:26,210 --> 00:33:27,780 Celebrations were underway 577 00:33:27,780 --> 00:33:31,210 Across 11 time zones From the Soviet Union 578 00:33:31,210 --> 00:33:33,490 In Simferopol, the pressure level 579 00:33:33,490 --> 00:33:35,730 .Among the drivers it was severe 580 00:33:35,730 --> 00:33:38,220 On screen, they had to solve it 581 00:33:38,220 --> 00:33:41,293 Any unexpected bumps On the surface of the moon 582 00:33:43,400 --> 00:33:47,410 After 65 feet, it was The first disappointment is severe 583 00:33:47,410 --> 00:33:49,910 The directional cameras are placed too low 584 00:33:49,910 --> 00:33:53,380 The drivers had a view For someone crawling on all fours 585 00:33:53,380 --> 00:33:57,060 It was impossible to see .visible stones or pits 586 00:33:57,060 --> 00:33:59,350 .Lonokhod is partially myopic 587 00:33:59,350 --> 00:34:01,383 .Move forward another 33 feet 588 00:34:03,080 --> 00:34:04,270 The team panicked 589 00:34:04,270 --> 00:34:06,320 .He disappeared into the volcano crater 590 00:34:06,320 --> 00:34:09,890 Temperature inside Lunokhod .Rosie is dangerously high 591 00:34:09,890 --> 00:34:12,670 They had to cut off the power .electricity quickly 592 00:34:12,670 --> 00:34:14,470 This was not the planned action, 593 00:34:14,470 --> 00:34:18,076 But they don't want to .Risk of losing the car 594 00:34:20,300 --> 00:34:21,630 .We decided to cut it 595 00:34:21,630 --> 00:34:24,370 All safety mechanisms , to convert to Lunokhod 596 00:34:24,370 --> 00:34:26,780 .More to the left, adjust the engine level 597 00:34:26,780 --> 00:34:28,800 Close the solar panel cover, 598 00:34:28,800 --> 00:34:30,150 And back out of the volcano crater 599 00:34:33,834 --> 00:34:35,720 Lunokhod responded perfectly 600 00:34:35,720 --> 00:34:38,001 To the radio controls of Simferopol 601 00:34:42,170 --> 00:34:45,100 It turned in the opposite direction And an extraterrestrial being 602 00:34:45,100 --> 00:34:48,023 The animal obeyed .Cyber pilot commands 603 00:34:56,140 --> 00:34:58,920 Every nine hours, Dovgan and his colleagues 604 00:34:58,920 --> 00:35:01,440 .Taking control spells in Lunokhod, 605 00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:04,990 After his hesitant movements on their screens 606 00:35:04,990 --> 00:35:06,730 They operated the joystick 607 00:35:06,730 --> 00:35:10,100 Forward, reverse, stop, and rotate 608 00:35:10,100 --> 00:35:12,910 Two rotation angles, 10 and 20 degrees 609 00:35:12,910 --> 00:35:15,600 .two possible speeds, half a mile 610 00:35:15,600 --> 00:35:18,380 .and 124 mph 611 00:35:18,380 --> 00:35:21,893 Center for intelligence .Mechanical and electronic 612 00:35:25,410 --> 00:35:27,363 It was a miracle of ingenuity 613 00:35:27,363 --> 00:35:30,470 It was on Dovgan and his colleagues To expect this constantly 614 00:35:30,470 --> 00:35:33,200 Commands to be made .Move it, like a car 615 00:35:33,200 --> 00:35:36,970 It was tested under difficult technical conditions 616 00:35:36,970 --> 00:35:40,340 A still image is displayed From the moon, line by line, 617 00:35:40,340 --> 00:35:42,780 It was only visible for 10 seconds 618 00:35:42,780 --> 00:35:45,478 .before it is replaced by the following 619 00:35:54,610 --> 00:35:56,620 Directional antenna operator 620 00:35:56,620 --> 00:36:00,000 .He had a crucial role, as he had to make sure 621 00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:01,720 .that the antenna was always directed 622 00:36:01,720 --> 00:36:05,553 In a specific reception area on the ground 623 00:36:10,470 --> 00:36:11,650 .Lonokhod included 624 00:36:11,650 --> 00:36:13,853 Multiple scientific innovations 625 00:36:14,940 --> 00:36:17,840 Equipped with a spectrometer, X-ray telescope, 626 00:36:17,840 --> 00:36:20,470 And the cosmic ray detectors that transmit them 627 00:36:20,470 --> 00:36:22,853 A collection of valuable information on the ground 628 00:36:26,300 --> 00:36:30,479 Ninth free wheel Measures distances traveled 629 00:36:30,479 --> 00:36:33,330 With a penetrometer, it can .For vehicle density measurement 630 00:36:33,330 --> 00:36:36,313 From lunar soil, exactly As the astronauts did 631 00:36:39,860 --> 00:36:43,010 After a few days, I was almost there .The rover is on establishment 632 00:36:43,010 --> 00:36:44,400 Lunar routine 633 00:36:44,400 --> 00:36:47,140 Then suddenly, a crisis 634 00:36:47,140 --> 00:36:49,063 Lunokhod fell into a volcanic crater 635 00:36:53,310 --> 00:36:55,020 For an unknown reason, 636 00:36:55,020 --> 00:36:56,550 Genia gave the order to stop the car, 637 00:36:56,550 --> 00:36:59,633 But he shifted out of gear .Second to first gear 638 00:37:00,470 --> 00:37:02,600 And Lunokhod continued forward 639 00:37:02,600 --> 00:37:03,880 He thought it would pass through the volcano's crater 640 00:37:03,880 --> 00:37:05,083 .without any problem 641 00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:16,870 The team went into crisis mode 642 00:37:16,870 --> 00:37:18,930 The steep wall surprised the driver. 643 00:37:18,930 --> 00:37:22,043 With a temperature of 266 degrees Fahrenheit 644 00:37:25,150 --> 00:37:27,853 The wheels skidded, and the men were exhausted 645 00:37:35,610 --> 00:37:38,150 After nine long hours of maneuvers, .risky 646 00:37:38,150 --> 00:37:41,433 The rover they thought She got lost and finally found her way 647 00:37:43,210 --> 00:37:46,920 After 14 Earth days, The rover shut down for hibernation 648 00:37:46,920 --> 00:37:51,090 It tolerates temperatures up to To 274 degrees Fahrenheit 649 00:37:51,090 --> 00:37:52,940 During the lunar night for two weeks 650 00:37:55,980 --> 00:37:58,080 As soon as the lunar night comes, 651 00:37:58,080 --> 00:38:00,650 We took a good steam bath 652 00:38:00,650 --> 00:38:02,830 After that, we started processing and analysis 653 00:38:02,830 --> 00:38:05,330 All data recorded in the register 654 00:38:05,330 --> 00:38:07,500 We did not budge until the flag 655 00:38:07,500 --> 00:38:09,250 The technical report has been completed 656 00:38:13,670 --> 00:38:16,280 Lunokhod, Rapporteur .Initially by its designers 657 00:38:16,280 --> 00:38:19,610 To work for 90 days, and it continued For approximately 11 months, 658 00:38:19,610 --> 00:38:21,690 .Travel approximately seven miles 659 00:38:21,690 --> 00:38:23,820 .Successfully completed all the plans 660 00:38:23,820 --> 00:38:27,850 Scientific tasks, transportation More than 20,000 images 661 00:38:27,850 --> 00:38:31,100 From the surface of the moon, 500 .Complete testing and analysis 662 00:38:31,100 --> 00:38:32,400 Soil samples 663 00:38:32,400 --> 00:38:35,493 This was the greatest achievement in the field .Soviet astronautics 664 00:38:39,280 --> 00:38:40,760 The structure can be operated 665 00:38:40,760 --> 00:38:44,320 For longer, however .nuclear resources 666 00:38:44,320 --> 00:38:46,140 To heat internal components 667 00:38:46,140 --> 00:38:48,043 .from Lunokhod 668 00:38:49,627 --> 00:38:51,277 Lunokhod stopped working 669 00:38:52,140 --> 00:38:55,913 As my father used to say, She simply died a natural death 670 00:38:59,180 --> 00:39:00,830 .He was awarded the Order of Lenin 671 00:39:00,830 --> 00:39:02,710 For the success of LONKHED, 672 00:39:02,710 --> 00:39:05,300 Alexander Kemurdjian remained An unknown character 673 00:39:05,300 --> 00:39:06,490 .in the West 674 00:39:06,490 --> 00:39:09,470 But beyond the iron curtain It was not so successful 675 00:39:09,470 --> 00:39:12,130 It surprised the French researchers .who were working 676 00:39:12,130 --> 00:39:14,863 With the space program .Soviet for several years 677 00:39:16,140 --> 00:39:19,007 By late 1972, the Lavochkin Institute 678 00:39:19,007 --> 00:39:21,620 Lunokhod II was built 679 00:39:21,620 --> 00:39:24,520 I picked up the new car .More scientific equipment 680 00:39:24,520 --> 00:39:26,070 .from its predecessor 681 00:39:26,070 --> 00:39:28,390 Navigation cameras are installed on top 682 00:39:28,390 --> 00:39:30,730 For a better view of the moon's surface 683 00:39:30,730 --> 00:39:33,580 That was the primary goal For this task it is to determine, 684 00:39:33,580 --> 00:39:36,210 Using a French-made laser angle reflector, 685 00:39:36,210 --> 00:39:38,260 The distance between the moon and the earth 686 00:39:38,260 --> 00:39:39,693 .Within three metres 687 00:39:44,733 --> 00:39:45,710 A joint experiment was conducted 688 00:39:45,710 --> 00:39:48,340 .By Soviet and French specialists 689 00:39:48,340 --> 00:39:51,820 Range finders have been installed With a laser on a large telescope 690 00:39:51,820 --> 00:39:55,010 At the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, 691 00:39:55,010 --> 00:39:58,333 .It is important for studying the Earth's structure 692 00:40:00,450 --> 00:40:04,443 January 1973, a new success for the Soviet Union 693 00:40:09,680 --> 00:40:13,030 Luna 21 soft land in the sea of serenity 694 00:40:13,030 --> 00:40:15,490 With its Lunokhod 2 payload 695 00:40:15,490 --> 00:40:18,660 The aim of Francometrics To measure laser range 696 00:40:18,660 --> 00:40:21,890 To help predict activity Volcanic and earthquakes, 697 00:40:21,890 --> 00:40:23,793 And the study of continental drift 698 00:40:28,610 --> 00:40:32,760 On May 9, 1973, Lunoch recorded 2 .a new record, 699 00:40:32,760 --> 00:40:34,720 .Travel 23 miles 700 00:40:34,720 --> 00:40:37,000 Then after four months it stopped. 701 00:40:37,000 --> 00:40:40,133 Like the previous model And closed forever 702 00:40:42,140 --> 00:40:44,210 By operating two rovers on the moon, 703 00:40:44,210 --> 00:40:46,450 Soviet engineers did .does better than avoidance 704 00:40:46,450 --> 00:40:48,560 A humiliating defeat for their country 705 00:40:48,560 --> 00:40:50,460 At the hands of the United States 706 00:40:50,460 --> 00:40:52,910 .They have had success that has been recreated 707 00:40:52,910 --> 00:40:55,221 ...by Soviet propaganda for years 708 00:40:55,221 --> 00:40:59,210 But these guys stayed in shadow for a very long time, 709 00:40:59,210 --> 00:41:01,923 Until history finally remembered them 710 00:41:05,120 --> 00:41:07,250 .Everything was completely secret 711 00:41:07,250 --> 00:41:09,470 .All the preparation and all the documents 712 00:41:09,470 --> 00:41:11,740 .Regarding the construction it was secret 713 00:41:11,740 --> 00:41:14,230 Who did all this work? In the Soviet Union? 714 00:41:14,230 --> 00:41:16,270 .Everything was completely hidden 715 00:41:16,270 --> 00:41:17,620 Who was Korolev? 716 00:41:17,620 --> 00:41:19,940 We only found out the day after his death 717 00:41:19,940 --> 00:41:21,300 Who was Babkin? 718 00:41:21,300 --> 00:41:23,743 Everyone knew just in The day after his death 719 00:41:25,020 --> 00:41:26,533 This was life in the Soviet Union 720 00:41:27,630 --> 00:41:28,793 .It was the Cold War 721 00:41:31,890 --> 00:41:34,350 For more than 10 years, .Alexander Kemurdjian 722 00:41:34,350 --> 00:41:37,023 He was one of the minds The mastermind of the secret program 723 00:41:38,030 --> 00:41:39,797 But the experience of this brilliant man 724 00:41:39,797 --> 00:41:42,523 And his team of engineers They will not remain anonymous 725 00:41:47,610 --> 00:41:50,320 Chernobyl, spring 1986 726 00:41:50,320 --> 00:41:53,010 Will Moscow be able? To deal with the disaster 727 00:41:53,010 --> 00:41:55,880 After the explosion of the fourth reactor? 728 00:41:55,880 --> 00:41:59,720 The Soviet Union sent men Firefighters, helicopter pilots, soldiers, 729 00:41:59,720 --> 00:42:02,730 And the workers are in ruins .Power generation station 730 00:42:02,730 --> 00:42:06,210 These men, known as The liquidators, they risked their lives 731 00:42:06,210 --> 00:42:08,850 Wear protective aprons Not enough for removal 732 00:42:08,850 --> 00:42:10,823 The debris is highly radioactive 733 00:42:15,880 --> 00:42:19,010 Under the ruins of Chernobyl, The authorities had to stop 734 00:42:19,010 --> 00:42:21,410 An uncontrollable nuclear reaction 735 00:42:21,410 --> 00:42:23,980 And cleaning contaminated surfaces 736 00:42:23,980 --> 00:42:25,920 .remembers the leaders in the Kremlin 737 00:42:25,920 --> 00:42:28,600 The little rover that .It is controlled remotely 738 00:42:28,600 --> 00:42:31,430 Kimourdjian was summoned immediately .Speed to Moscow 739 00:42:31,430 --> 00:42:33,680 He was given three months to build 740 00:42:33,680 --> 00:42:36,050 .Remote controlled vehicle that can clean 741 00:42:36,050 --> 00:42:38,810 Deadly debris that Resulted from the explosion 742 00:42:38,810 --> 00:42:41,110 On the roof of reactor number three 743 00:42:41,110 --> 00:42:43,363 The goal is to save human lives 744 00:42:48,220 --> 00:42:50,640 Alexander Kemordjian attended the meeting 745 00:42:50,640 --> 00:42:52,220 With many managers from companies 746 00:42:52,220 --> 00:42:54,550 .Linked to national defense 747 00:42:54,550 --> 00:42:57,600 They had to look for solutions 748 00:42:57,600 --> 00:43:01,007 As soon as he returned, he asked us how we could help them? 749 00:43:01,007 --> 00:43:02,007 What can we do? 750 00:43:07,350 --> 00:43:09,790 After tremendous technological success 751 00:43:09,790 --> 00:43:12,610 From Lunokhod vehicles, Kimourdjian and colleagues 752 00:43:12,610 --> 00:43:14,630 They did not stop their work 753 00:43:14,630 --> 00:43:16,780 Continue developing and manufacturing 754 00:43:16,780 --> 00:43:19,400 All types of robots intended for use 755 00:43:19,400 --> 00:43:21,073 On distant planets 756 00:43:22,140 --> 00:43:25,380 With such amazing experience ,Transach Team 757 00:43:25,380 --> 00:43:28,350 was able to develop .New version of Lunokhod, 758 00:43:28,350 --> 00:43:31,880 A miniature vehicle called STR1 759 00:43:35,920 --> 00:43:38,270 We started working intensively 760 00:43:38,270 --> 00:43:41,510 Than we had in .Lonokhod, such as lack of time 761 00:43:41,510 --> 00:43:43,020 .It was much shorter 762 00:43:43,020 --> 00:43:45,093 We've never seen anything like it before 763 00:43:46,020 --> 00:43:49,370 Once jacket 1 is designed, within a week 764 00:43:49,370 --> 00:43:51,760 .It is almost completely built 765 00:43:51,760 --> 00:43:53,670 The metal structure of Str1 766 00:43:53,670 --> 00:43:55,220 .It was right there in front of us 767 00:43:59,520 --> 00:44:01,530 Str1 was fully automated 768 00:44:01,530 --> 00:44:03,370 Titanium bulldozer 769 00:44:03,370 --> 00:44:05,700 The wheels were cut off Notched from solid blocks 770 00:44:05,700 --> 00:44:08,930 Of metal alloy, .so that it can be transmitted 771 00:44:08,930 --> 00:44:11,770 Broken tar roof of power plant 772 00:44:11,770 --> 00:44:15,320 As with Lunokhod, .Debris-strewn test track 773 00:44:15,320 --> 00:44:17,790 Built to test the bulldozer, 774 00:44:17,790 --> 00:44:20,753 Equipped with a guidance system Special for remote control 775 00:44:30,270 --> 00:44:33,780 In early July, it was Jacket 1 is ready to ship 776 00:44:33,780 --> 00:44:36,223 To its final destination, Chernobyl 777 00:44:38,210 --> 00:44:41,380 (On July 15, A helicopter lowered the vehicle 778 00:44:41,380 --> 00:44:44,083 To the ceiling of reactor no .Three that is still intact 779 00:44:45,180 --> 00:44:47,240 In this urgent race against time, 780 00:44:47,240 --> 00:44:49,210 Transash did not have time to submit it 781 00:44:49,210 --> 00:44:51,003 Special training for drivers 782 00:44:53,750 --> 00:44:55,537 Kimordjian brought us together and said, 783 00:44:55,537 --> 00:44:58,957 Friends, we're the only ones "Those who know the cover 1 784 00:44:58,957 --> 00:45:01,440 “To try it, we have to go ourselves.” 785 00:45:01,440 --> 00:45:03,840 The situation was very complicated 786 00:45:03,840 --> 00:45:06,920 Some components were not .Fully operational yet 787 00:45:06,920 --> 00:45:09,670 We didn't know how Will the machine actually work? 788 00:45:14,590 --> 00:45:16,490 Despite the deadly risks, 789 00:45:16,490 --> 00:45:21,100 A senior team of Transach engineers Led by Pavel Sologub, 790 00:45:21,100 --> 00:45:24,700 Run the car all the way The entire month of August 791 00:45:24,700 --> 00:45:27,380 Mikhail Malenkov led the second team 792 00:45:27,380 --> 00:45:30,283 He spent 30 days on the contaminated surface 793 00:45:36,900 --> 00:45:39,660 I agreed to go enthusiastically 794 00:45:39,660 --> 00:45:41,960 Did you understand where I was going? 795 00:45:41,960 --> 00:45:45,180 I took a risk, but I knew what I had to do 796 00:45:45,180 --> 00:45:47,720 And where can we? Or we can't go, 797 00:45:47,720 --> 00:45:49,513 What if it is possible or not? 798 00:45:53,240 --> 00:45:55,890 Str1 works efficiently. 799 00:45:55,890 --> 00:45:57,870 .But he faced steering problems due to... 800 00:45:57,870 --> 00:46:00,730 .Extremely high levels of radiation 801 00:46:00,730 --> 00:46:03,710 Kemordjian's robot saved many... Of human souls 802 00:46:03,710 --> 00:46:06,440 Although people Today they know who built it 803 00:46:06,440 --> 00:46:08,413 This strange arrival at Chernobyl 804 00:46:09,770 --> 00:46:12,830 In 1986, Kimourdjian's name was unknown 805 00:46:12,830 --> 00:46:16,110 They were magazine readers .Western scientific, 806 00:46:16,110 --> 00:46:18,139 .to say the least, I was surprised by the articles 807 00:46:18,139 --> 00:46:20,420 By three space geniuses, 808 00:46:20,420 --> 00:46:23,000 Alexandrov, Leonovich, Yudlov 809 00:46:23,000 --> 00:46:26,040 But who knew she was Written by the same person, 810 00:46:26,040 --> 00:46:27,543 Alexander Kemurdjian? 811 00:46:28,750 --> 00:46:30,980 After the collapse of the Soviet Union, 812 00:46:30,980 --> 00:46:33,330 The West finally learned The man's real name 813 00:46:33,330 --> 00:46:36,030 Who managed the structure development program 814 00:46:36,030 --> 00:46:38,370 From many planets, in Russian 815 00:46:38,370 --> 00:46:40,510 Vehicles that travel on planets 816 00:46:40,510 --> 00:46:44,370 In 1990, it was designed .Chassis approved for work 817 00:46:44,370 --> 00:46:47,900 On the red planet, it began in Arouse the interest of Western scholars 818 00:46:47,900 --> 00:46:50,130 The Americans also started And the Europeans are planning 819 00:46:50,130 --> 00:46:52,300 For their future rover missions to Mars, 820 00:46:52,300 --> 00:46:54,913 They became interested in Soviet experience 821 00:47:00,560 --> 00:47:02,770 As soon as the iron curtain came down, 822 00:47:02,770 --> 00:47:05,370 We were able to communicate With foreign colleagues 823 00:47:06,670 --> 00:47:09,730 Thanks in particular to Alexander Kemurdjian, 824 00:47:09,730 --> 00:47:12,010 We started working with American specialists 825 00:47:12,010 --> 00:47:14,310 For the first time, it started working 826 00:47:14,310 --> 00:47:15,610 .closely with the French 827 00:47:15,610 --> 00:47:18,710 The Russians had a program This very good rover, 828 00:47:18,710 --> 00:47:21,410 We met with the groups .which was working on it 829 00:47:21,410 --> 00:47:22,790 We knew that these were the people 830 00:47:22,790 --> 00:47:26,780 Who actually drove the vehicle? The only planetary one so far, 831 00:47:26,780 --> 00:47:28,090 .who was Lunokhod 832 00:47:32,930 --> 00:47:35,150 The most important thing for us 833 00:47:35,150 --> 00:47:38,440 .It was to maintain experience and knowledge 834 00:47:38,440 --> 00:47:39,813 Our sheikhs got it 835 00:47:44,918 --> 00:47:46,540 (1992) 836 00:47:46,540 --> 00:47:48,730 People at Jet Propulsion Laboratory 837 00:47:48,730 --> 00:47:52,060 Pasadena, California .Discover the mystery 838 00:47:52,060 --> 00:47:54,120 .Alexander Kemurdjian 839 00:47:54,120 --> 00:47:55,900 The Americans invited him, along with... 840 00:47:55,900 --> 00:47:58,400 A few Russian engineers , to their testing center 841 00:47:58,400 --> 00:47:59,960 In Death Valley 842 00:47:59,960 --> 00:48:02,850 These pictures were not possible .Imagine it in 40 years 843 00:48:02,850 --> 00:48:07,220 For the Cold War, Kimordjian , Hero of the Soviet Union 844 00:48:07,220 --> 00:48:09,543 He walks quietly on American soil 845 00:48:11,880 --> 00:48:13,920 Even though everything wasn't perfect, 846 00:48:13,920 --> 00:48:18,190 Former enemies reunited To test the anchored rover 847 00:48:18,190 --> 00:48:20,770 It was invented in Leningrad 15 years ago 848 00:48:20,770 --> 00:48:22,253 .with the utmost confidentiality 849 00:48:32,670 --> 00:48:35,810 The car drove easily over .Sand dune slopes 850 00:48:35,810 --> 00:48:39,113 Which researchers called Pasadena is the name of Mars Hill 851 00:48:41,271 --> 00:48:42,104 This is great 852 00:48:42,104 --> 00:48:46,990 And so there they brought Al-Marsookh 853 00:48:46,990 --> 00:48:49,700 She proved that she was .Completely bulletproof 854 00:48:49,700 --> 00:48:52,640 .as a machine you can take into the desert 855 00:48:52,640 --> 00:48:54,880 No matter how much If it gets dirty or anything else, 856 00:48:54,880 --> 00:48:56,600 Just turn it on, it works 857 00:48:56,600 --> 00:49:00,500 And they, in turn, invited us to Kamchatka To test rovers, 858 00:49:00,500 --> 00:49:02,890 We did global propaganda With these tests 859 00:49:02,890 --> 00:49:06,322 I think that was him A major role in inspiration 860 00:49:06,322 --> 00:49:09,500 Scientists and engineers begin .thinking Americans 861 00:49:09,500 --> 00:49:12,460 The role of rovers in our Mars program here 862 00:49:12,460 --> 00:49:13,563 In the United States of America 863 00:49:14,850 --> 00:49:17,580 At the age of seventy, Alexander Kemordjian 864 00:49:17,580 --> 00:49:20,540 He finally achieved international recognition 865 00:49:20,540 --> 00:49:22,540 .scientific community 866 00:49:22,540 --> 00:49:25,220 In addition to his activity in Transach 867 00:49:25,220 --> 00:49:27,530 And his membership in the International Institute 868 00:49:27,530 --> 00:49:30,400 Spatial Robotics, upgraded 869 00:49:30,400 --> 00:49:33,100 As a first-class scientist .in the Russian Academy 870 00:49:33,100 --> 00:49:35,463 Space navigation of Tsiolkovsky 871 00:49:40,210 --> 00:49:42,350 The Americans were very respectful 872 00:49:42,350 --> 00:49:45,380 Of scientific work that We accomplished it in our country 873 00:49:45,380 --> 00:49:48,323 In Transmash and Levushkin Institute 874 00:49:49,530 --> 00:49:53,253 My father felt that community .The planetary is very important 875 00:49:54,780 --> 00:49:57,143 It was him and Louis Friedman Two good friends 876 00:49:58,410 --> 00:50:01,090 I will never forget the walk With Alexander Kemordjian 877 00:50:01,090 --> 00:50:04,310 On the side of a volcanic mountain .It was very hot 878 00:50:04,310 --> 00:50:07,068 That if you stand still, you will lose Cause a hole in your shoe, 879 00:50:07,068 --> 00:50:08,820 So you had to keep moving 880 00:50:08,820 --> 00:50:11,083 Here is Kimourdjian in his seventies. 881 00:50:11,966 --> 00:50:14,550 .slightly ascending the sides of the mountains, 882 00:50:14,550 --> 00:50:17,550 And we're having a hard time keeping up 883 00:50:17,550 --> 00:50:19,100 .It was a wonderful experience 884 00:50:25,728 --> 00:50:27,150 .Everyone can do it 885 00:50:27,150 --> 00:50:30,520 Unusual things, each in their own way 886 00:50:30,520 --> 00:50:32,930 Some are quite happy .Doing simple things 887 00:50:32,930 --> 00:50:34,360 In good condition 888 00:50:34,360 --> 00:50:36,903 However, others focus on the details 889 00:50:38,880 --> 00:50:41,410 We are all different And it doesn't really matter 890 00:50:41,410 --> 00:50:45,140 If you are focused on traveling to .Space or working in the fields 891 00:50:45,140 --> 00:50:47,703 The important thing is to do what you really want 892 00:50:50,760 --> 00:50:52,430 Alexander Kemordjian passed away 893 00:50:52,430 --> 00:50:56,580 On February 24, 2003, in St. Petersburg 894 00:50:56,580 --> 00:50:59,820 He left as a legacy two vehicles Two small mobile phones on the roof 895 00:50:59,820 --> 00:51:03,763 The moon carries a red flag .of a former empire 896 00:51:04,730 --> 00:51:07,620 .In the future, humans and automated vehicles 897 00:51:07,620 --> 00:51:10,570 .They may travel together to distant worlds 898 00:51:10,570 --> 00:51:13,611 They will owe a debt By Alexander Kemordjian, 899 00:51:13,611 --> 00:51:16,500 Georgy Babkin and for all .Russian engineers 900 00:51:16,500 --> 00:51:18,820 Who were the first Who designed a way to do... 901 00:51:18,820 --> 00:51:20,503 .a vehicle on another planet 902 00:51:21,820 --> 00:51:26,503 ♪♪