1 00:00:53,391 --> 00:00:59,147 The Confession 2 00:00:59,231 --> 00:01:05,070 Based on the account by Lise and Artur London 3 00:03:41,017 --> 00:03:42,435 Are they there again? 4 00:04:11,256 --> 00:04:13,299 Is it one of your cars? 5 00:04:13,383 --> 00:04:15,385 Not my department. 6 00:04:15,635 --> 00:04:17,720 I don't deal with VIPs. 7 00:04:19,431 --> 00:04:21,307 But you're being followed. 8 00:04:22,267 --> 00:04:23,935 By his department? 9 00:04:24,894 --> 00:04:27,313 But why? There must be an explanation. 10 00:04:28,273 --> 00:04:30,775 They're not being discreet either. 11 00:04:31,609 --> 00:04:34,237 What do you want with me? 12 00:04:34,779 --> 00:04:36,281 It's started again. 13 00:04:36,823 --> 00:04:39,242 - How long? - Three days. 14 00:04:39,325 --> 00:04:41,661 - Are you sure? - They're there now. 15 00:04:44,622 --> 00:04:45,790 Coming! 16 00:04:58,928 --> 00:05:00,763 Why do you think it's Security? 17 00:05:01,139 --> 00:05:05,268 If it isn't, I have a right to some protection. 18 00:05:05,810 --> 00:05:07,812 Here are the registration numbers. 19 00:05:11,149 --> 00:05:12,400 Get Pavel. 20 00:05:14,110 --> 00:05:15,820 It's not just me, you know. 21 00:05:16,488 --> 00:05:21,034 They're after all of us International Brigade veterans. 22 00:05:21,659 --> 00:05:22,577 I'm fed up. 23 00:05:22,660 --> 00:05:24,829 Why not confront me with Noel Field? 24 00:05:25,830 --> 00:05:28,458 I know he's in prison in Hungary. 25 00:05:45,058 --> 00:05:46,851 Who's behind all this? 26 00:05:47,685 --> 00:05:50,271 It's aimed at Spanish Civil War veterans 27 00:05:50,855 --> 00:05:53,358 and those in France or London during the occupation. 28 00:05:54,859 --> 00:05:56,152 You too. 29 00:05:57,195 --> 00:05:59,322 Even if you are with Security. 30 00:05:59,697 --> 00:06:03,451 Loebl, Pavlik and Feigl held major posts, too, 31 00:06:03,535 --> 00:06:05,203 and they're in prison now. 32 00:06:06,037 --> 00:06:10,625 He's undersecretary of the Interior and he's sent back to party school. 33 00:06:10,708 --> 00:06:12,502 Otto has been dismissed too. 34 00:06:13,545 --> 00:06:15,171 Today it's my turn. 35 00:06:15,588 --> 00:06:17,215 And tomorrow? 36 00:06:20,009 --> 00:06:21,594 Whose turn will it be? 37 00:06:22,387 --> 00:06:24,097 Are they Security cars? 38 00:06:26,558 --> 00:06:30,937 Then you'd better find out who's giving the orders in your department. 39 00:06:31,020 --> 00:06:34,190 If it's who I think, it could be dangerous. 40 00:06:34,732 --> 00:06:36,901 Don't they know? - Better not. 41 00:06:36,985 --> 00:06:39,946 Why? It concerns them too, doesn't it? 42 00:06:42,240 --> 00:06:44,534 You came together? - We met by chance. 43 00:06:44,617 --> 00:06:46,327 Some chance, 44 00:06:46,411 --> 00:06:50,331 when all Spanish Civil War veterans are being watched. 45 00:06:50,415 --> 00:06:52,584 It's going to look like a meeting. 46 00:06:52,750 --> 00:06:56,421 You and your surveillance. Things are difficult, 47 00:06:56,754 --> 00:06:58,464 but nobody's watching me. 48 00:06:58,923 --> 00:07:01,759 You lost your job. Šling's in prison. 49 00:07:02,385 --> 00:07:04,929 I've been sent to the party school 50 00:07:05,555 --> 00:07:10,602 for a course on the dialectics of the class struggle in socialist construction. 51 00:07:11,144 --> 00:07:16,107 The undersecretary is being followed without the head of security's knowledge. 52 00:07:16,482 --> 00:07:18,943 Shoemakers are always the worst shod. 53 00:07:19,944 --> 00:07:21,154 Why not resign? 54 00:07:21,988 --> 00:07:24,365 Leave your job, confess your errors. 55 00:07:24,449 --> 00:07:27,201 They won't let me, yet they cut me out. 56 00:07:27,285 --> 00:07:30,163 Type this for the departmental meeting. 57 00:07:30,455 --> 00:07:32,790 It was this morning. 58 00:07:35,877 --> 00:07:37,795 What's going on? 59 00:07:39,297 --> 00:07:42,342 The minister said your presence wasn't necessary. 60 00:07:42,425 --> 00:07:44,010 And you all believed him? 61 00:07:44,636 --> 00:07:46,888 I don't believe, these days. 62 00:07:46,971 --> 00:07:50,099 I just wonder where it will all end. 63 00:07:50,600 --> 00:07:52,060 The party decides. 64 00:07:52,143 --> 00:07:55,897 All misunderstandings can be resolved by the party. 65 00:07:55,980 --> 00:07:57,357 Unless it's higher up. 66 00:07:57,440 --> 00:08:03,112 I thought it was about the Field affair, but Bedrich says it isn't. 67 00:08:03,196 --> 00:08:05,239 The Field affair is settled. 68 00:08:05,323 --> 00:08:07,283 The party secretary. 69 00:08:07,950 --> 00:08:10,495 This meeting is pointless. 70 00:08:11,579 --> 00:08:13,289 It's me again. 71 00:08:13,373 --> 00:08:16,501 Gérard insists. He thinks it's very important. 72 00:08:21,673 --> 00:08:25,134 He's very busy. He'll call you. 73 00:08:25,218 --> 00:08:28,221 For the party, the matter is settled. 74 00:08:28,513 --> 00:08:32,975 But you know what Security is like, refusing to let go. 75 00:08:34,060 --> 00:08:38,606 Still, you have friends there. The head of Security, for instance. 76 00:08:38,690 --> 00:08:41,067 And he's pretty embarrassed, 77 00:08:41,818 --> 00:08:43,695 as he knew Field too. 78 00:08:44,570 --> 00:08:47,031 We'll have our own Rajk trial soon. 79 00:08:47,115 --> 00:08:49,826 No, the circumstances were different. 80 00:08:49,909 --> 00:08:51,786 They're just the same. 81 00:08:51,869 --> 00:08:56,541 Here, too, we are discovering spies, traitors, Titoists. 82 00:08:57,709 --> 00:08:59,210 You spoke to my successor? 83 00:08:59,502 --> 00:09:02,630 His new minister. - He seems to believe it all. 84 00:09:04,048 --> 00:09:08,428 Your dossier is growing fast. We haven't heard the end of this yet. 85 00:09:08,511 --> 00:09:12,348 It has ramifications everywhere: Poland, Germany. 86 00:09:12,432 --> 00:09:14,392 It's him you ought to see. 87 00:09:15,893 --> 00:09:20,565 Let's go. They won't believe we met to chat over old days in Spain. 88 00:09:25,027 --> 00:09:28,114 Starting to feel guilty already, eh? 89 00:09:29,741 --> 00:09:31,159 Don't forget. 90 00:09:31,701 --> 00:09:35,705 "Both donkey and master are safest when furthest away." 91 00:09:37,415 --> 00:09:41,043 They're still there. I'll ask the minister to see you. 92 00:09:46,215 --> 00:09:50,595 Gérard wants to talk to you. He's very concerned. 93 00:09:51,262 --> 00:09:53,055 I'll see him tomorrow morning. 94 00:09:53,139 --> 00:09:56,392 Tell him the Field affair hasn't done him any good. 95 00:09:56,476 --> 00:10:01,022 Dozens of comrades had contact with Noel Field during the occupation -- 96 00:10:01,105 --> 00:10:04,025 We haven't found the enemy in our ranks. 97 00:10:04,108 --> 00:10:08,905 We knew that death and betrayal were inseparable from revolution. 98 00:10:09,906 --> 00:10:12,450 It's our turn to experience betrayal and death... 99 00:10:12,867 --> 00:10:14,660 so that the revolution may continue. 100 00:10:14,744 --> 00:10:18,080 That's what's important -- that it continue, 101 00:10:18,164 --> 00:10:20,124 even if we are destroyed. 102 00:10:22,752 --> 00:10:24,504 Go and see him tomorrow. 103 00:10:26,589 --> 00:10:28,299 What else should I do? 104 00:10:28,591 --> 00:10:31,302 Nothing. Have faith in the party. 105 00:10:39,060 --> 00:10:40,061 Who is it? 106 00:10:40,561 --> 00:10:44,148 You the Frenchwoman? Someday your husband will hang. 107 00:10:44,232 --> 00:10:45,691 Who was that? 108 00:10:46,526 --> 00:10:48,361 Nothing. A wrong number. 109 00:12:10,818 --> 00:12:12,737 Who are you? What do you want? 110 00:12:13,613 --> 00:12:15,990 Let go of me! 111 00:13:22,473 --> 00:13:24,141 Who are you? 112 00:13:25,101 --> 00:13:26,519 Shut up! 113 00:13:42,284 --> 00:13:43,953 The handcuffs. 114 00:13:52,878 --> 00:13:54,797 I demand to see a party representative. 115 00:13:54,880 --> 00:13:57,341 Shut up. You're not demanding anything. 116 00:13:58,801 --> 00:13:59,802 Who are you? 117 00:13:59,885 --> 00:14:02,680 I want to see -- - Shut up! 118 00:14:03,848 --> 00:14:05,474 Undress him. 119 00:14:40,926 --> 00:14:42,428 Put it on. 120 00:15:11,749 --> 00:15:13,751 Bills, various papers. 121 00:15:14,919 --> 00:15:17,630 Cuff links, pen. 122 00:15:19,090 --> 00:15:20,424 Take 'em off! 123 00:15:32,770 --> 00:15:34,438 350 crowns. 124 00:15:40,111 --> 00:15:41,779 Two party cards. 125 00:15:45,241 --> 00:15:46,784 Family photographs. 126 00:15:52,164 --> 00:15:55,876 Here's the Frenchwoman. - Inform my family. 127 00:15:56,293 --> 00:15:58,504 She'll think you've run off. 128 00:16:05,136 --> 00:16:06,637 Darex vouchers. 129 00:16:08,973 --> 00:16:11,600 Worth 1,200 crowns. 130 00:16:12,309 --> 00:16:15,396 He uses the foreign diplomats' store. 131 00:16:15,479 --> 00:16:19,024 Everyone makes sacrifices for socialism, 132 00:16:20,025 --> 00:16:22,278 but he lives like a bourgeois. 133 00:16:27,992 --> 00:16:29,827 Leave those alone! 134 00:16:31,704 --> 00:16:35,124 Your number is 3225. 135 00:16:35,207 --> 00:16:36,959 Don't forget it. 136 00:17:19,752 --> 00:17:21,045 Start walking! 137 00:17:28,677 --> 00:17:33,390 No sitting or standing still. Keep walking! 138 00:18:10,761 --> 00:18:12,096 The party's always right. 139 00:18:12,179 --> 00:18:15,224 There must be a misunderstanding. The truth will come out, 140 00:18:15,307 --> 00:18:17,643 but you must submit to the rules, even if it's hard. 141 00:18:17,726 --> 00:18:19,520 At least to show good faith. 142 00:18:30,406 --> 00:18:33,117 You'll get the same whenever you stop! 143 00:18:47,798 --> 00:18:48,924 Walk! 144 00:18:58,934 --> 00:19:00,269 Walk! 145 00:19:08,694 --> 00:19:10,279 Food! 146 00:19:17,286 --> 00:19:18,996 No food for him. 147 00:19:19,997 --> 00:19:21,165 Walk. 148 00:19:29,465 --> 00:19:31,633 Did you see Gérard this afternoon? 149 00:19:33,010 --> 00:19:34,845 He didn't come by? 150 00:19:54,198 --> 00:19:56,742 Did you see Gérard this afternoon? 151 00:19:58,035 --> 00:19:59,703 He didn't come by? 152 00:20:01,497 --> 00:20:03,207 Is Zavodsky there? 153 00:20:04,208 --> 00:20:05,709 Excuse me. 154 00:20:09,505 --> 00:20:12,257 - Police search. - What's the matter? 155 00:20:14,635 --> 00:20:16,136 What's the matter? 156 00:20:17,262 --> 00:20:20,015 My children are asleep up there. What's the meaning of this? 157 00:20:20,099 --> 00:20:22,518 We have orders to search the place. 158 00:20:24,645 --> 00:20:29,191 I have a direct line to the Central Committee. I'll inform the secretary. 159 00:20:29,274 --> 00:20:31,068 We'll see what he has to say. 160 00:20:41,286 --> 00:20:43,872 Have you got a warrant? - We don't need one. 161 00:20:43,956 --> 00:20:47,000 I told you. We have orders to search. 162 00:20:47,084 --> 00:20:50,045 And I tell you, not without a warrant. 163 00:21:09,314 --> 00:21:11,567 Go up to bed, Mother. 164 00:21:15,612 --> 00:21:17,281 You stay here, madam. 165 00:21:35,382 --> 00:21:36,592 My eldest son. 166 00:21:38,635 --> 00:21:41,263 He was born in prison. In France. 167 00:21:41,346 --> 00:21:42,431 At La Roquette. 168 00:21:42,890 --> 00:21:44,475 A prison in Paris. 169 00:21:44,558 --> 00:21:45,809 Why were you there? 170 00:21:45,893 --> 00:21:49,605 Because that's what the Germans did to communists in 1942. 171 00:21:50,355 --> 00:21:54,234 Being pregnant, I escaped execution. 172 00:21:54,318 --> 00:21:58,697 - Were you in prison long? - No, I was deported to Ravensbrück. 173 00:21:58,989 --> 00:22:02,659 My son was the youngest political prisoner in France. 174 00:22:03,702 --> 00:22:05,787 My husband was sent to Mauthausen. 175 00:22:05,871 --> 00:22:08,832 "Night and Fog." Do you know what that means? 176 00:22:13,962 --> 00:22:16,882 Those are photos of my husband in the Spanish Civil War 177 00:22:16,965 --> 00:22:19,468 and the French Resistance. 178 00:22:22,054 --> 00:22:24,556 Put that away. It's only my daughter. 179 00:22:25,891 --> 00:22:27,518 Evening, honey. 180 00:22:28,352 --> 00:22:30,187 - Isn't Daddy here? - He'll be here soon. 181 00:22:30,270 --> 00:22:32,022 They're colleagues of his. 182 00:22:32,731 --> 00:22:35,692 Did you have a nice time at your party? 183 00:22:36,485 --> 00:22:40,531 Go to bed quickly and see that the little ones are asleep. 184 00:22:46,703 --> 00:22:47,955 Some coffee? 185 00:23:07,224 --> 00:23:08,725 Police search! 186 00:23:12,271 --> 00:23:14,439 You're behaving like the Nazis! 187 00:23:14,523 --> 00:23:16,191 I didn't see the warrant. 188 00:23:43,093 --> 00:23:46,221 Go to work as usual. Not a word about this. 189 00:23:58,275 --> 00:24:02,237 - May I speak to the minister? - At 5:00 a.m.? 190 00:24:04,740 --> 00:24:07,618 After the school, we'll go to the Ministry. 191 00:24:16,960 --> 00:24:20,464 They took nothing important. Letters, papers, photos. 192 00:24:21,632 --> 00:24:23,759 Fifteen years of life together. 193 00:24:23,842 --> 00:24:27,304 Souvenirs of Spain, prison letters. 194 00:24:27,971 --> 00:24:31,224 Gérard never kept official papers at home. 195 00:24:31,308 --> 00:24:35,646 We'll take care of it. Call me anytime on the direct line. 196 00:24:46,865 --> 00:24:50,661 He missed an appointment. 197 00:24:50,744 --> 00:24:53,163 He needs weekly treatment for his lung problem. 198 00:24:53,246 --> 00:24:57,334 We'll take care of it. He is merely in isolation. 199 00:24:58,001 --> 00:25:00,754 Nothing's changed for you and your family. 200 00:25:00,837 --> 00:25:05,342 The Ministry car and chauffeur are at your disposal, as usual. 201 00:25:17,479 --> 00:25:18,689 Did you see the minister? 202 00:25:19,189 --> 00:25:21,358 Yes, Gérard hasn't been arrested. 203 00:25:22,192 --> 00:25:24,486 He's simply in isolation 204 00:25:24,569 --> 00:25:27,614 until certain problems have been cleared up. 205 00:25:27,698 --> 00:25:29,366 They need his help. 206 00:25:30,075 --> 00:25:33,453 It's a serious, confidential party matter. 207 00:25:33,537 --> 00:25:37,165 So long as he has a chance to explain. I feared the worst. 208 00:25:37,708 --> 00:25:39,960 Let me know if I can help. 209 00:25:40,043 --> 00:25:42,003 He told me nothing had changed. 210 00:25:47,884 --> 00:25:52,222 I'll be looking after you from now on. Here is your car. 211 00:26:13,702 --> 00:26:15,245 Let's hear you! 212 00:26:17,706 --> 00:26:20,083 What are your requests and complaints? 213 00:26:20,751 --> 00:26:22,711 I want to see a party official. 214 00:26:22,794 --> 00:26:24,296 Identify yourself! 215 00:26:24,921 --> 00:26:26,089 Undersecretary of -- 216 00:26:26,173 --> 00:26:29,176 You're nobody! What's your number? 217 00:26:30,635 --> 00:26:32,053 Number! 218 00:26:33,680 --> 00:26:37,100 You're 3225. We'll be back when you know that. 219 00:26:37,726 --> 00:26:39,102 Walk! 220 00:27:30,237 --> 00:27:31,780 Put these back on. 221 00:27:59,099 --> 00:28:01,977 Don't stand still! Keep walking! 222 00:29:15,258 --> 00:29:18,803 You're here to confess your crimes. You must confess. 223 00:29:20,138 --> 00:29:21,681 Confess what? Who are you? 224 00:29:22,098 --> 00:29:25,727 Date -- February 1. Confess. Admit who you are. 225 00:29:25,810 --> 00:29:27,938 I'm the undersecretary of Foreign -- 226 00:29:28,021 --> 00:29:30,857 You're a number. What is it? 227 00:29:32,233 --> 00:29:36,029 Your number? - 3225. 228 00:29:36,112 --> 00:29:38,114 What am I accused of? 229 00:29:38,198 --> 00:29:41,451 You know very well. There's a name for men like you. 230 00:29:41,534 --> 00:29:43,495 What's your name? - The party knows my -- 231 00:29:43,578 --> 00:29:45,622 Don't invoke the party. 232 00:29:46,289 --> 00:29:49,876 Never invoke the party. You're here to confess, and you will. 233 00:29:49,960 --> 00:29:53,380 I want to see an official -- Confess what? 234 00:29:53,463 --> 00:29:55,131 - Confess! - Be specific. 235 00:29:55,215 --> 00:29:57,008 - You'll confess. - I want to see an official. 236 00:29:57,092 --> 00:29:58,718 I'll make you confess. 237 00:29:58,802 --> 00:30:03,223 At first we tried to aid the party, to help it see things clearly. 238 00:30:03,306 --> 00:30:07,727 To understand ourselves and the mistakes that had brought us there. 239 00:30:07,811 --> 00:30:11,147 We were prepared to admit that our mistakes 240 00:30:11,231 --> 00:30:12,816 may have harmed the party. 241 00:30:13,274 --> 00:30:17,070 The years of discipline, our whole education, led us to believe 242 00:30:17,153 --> 00:30:20,115 that the party was never wrong, that the USSR was always right. 243 00:30:20,198 --> 00:30:23,576 We aren't acting alone. We have advisers! 244 00:30:23,660 --> 00:30:28,915 In all humility, we felt it better to err with the party 245 00:30:28,999 --> 00:30:30,500 than be right as individuals. 246 00:30:30,583 --> 00:30:33,336 You must confess! 247 00:30:33,837 --> 00:30:37,340 Confess what? Ask me specific questions. 248 00:31:13,877 --> 00:31:15,003 Eat! 249 00:31:24,721 --> 00:31:26,556 Enough eating. Walk! 250 00:31:37,358 --> 00:31:40,737 That's enough. Start walking! 251 00:31:50,830 --> 00:31:51,498 Walk! 252 00:31:58,088 --> 00:31:59,422 Stand up! 253 00:32:03,426 --> 00:32:06,888 You will not maintain this hostility. You will obey! 254 00:32:43,091 --> 00:32:46,136 Please, is it day or night? 255 00:32:55,436 --> 00:32:57,814 You're here for a very serious reason. 256 00:32:58,690 --> 00:33:01,442 The party ordered your arrest. 257 00:33:01,776 --> 00:33:04,320 We are entrusted with your interrogation 258 00:33:04,779 --> 00:33:08,116 concerning international espionage and treason 259 00:33:08,199 --> 00:33:11,161 against the Soviet Union and our country. 260 00:33:11,536 --> 00:33:15,874 Your duty is to help us establish the truth. 261 00:33:15,957 --> 00:33:19,127 You are not the only one involved. 262 00:33:19,210 --> 00:33:23,548 Other important people are implicated in this affair. 263 00:33:23,840 --> 00:33:26,926 You alone can help yourself. 264 00:33:27,010 --> 00:33:29,888 You have been in the party a long time. 265 00:33:30,388 --> 00:33:34,309 I appeal to you to help the Soviet Union and our party. 266 00:33:34,851 --> 00:33:36,436 Anything to say? 267 00:33:37,187 --> 00:33:41,858 I have constantly demanded a hearing by the party. 268 00:33:42,692 --> 00:33:44,694 Ask me anything. 269 00:33:45,028 --> 00:33:48,948 Very well, we shall draw up a report. 270 00:33:49,032 --> 00:33:52,076 Tuesday, February 4. 271 00:33:53,536 --> 00:33:55,079 I declare -- 272 00:33:55,163 --> 00:33:59,125 When did you establish contact with American intelligence? 273 00:33:59,209 --> 00:34:02,086 How were you recruited by the American spy Noel Field? 274 00:34:02,170 --> 00:34:05,298 Have you collaborated with American spies in addition to Noel Field? 275 00:34:05,548 --> 00:34:07,717 Never! No one! 276 00:34:07,800 --> 00:34:08,927 Silence! 277 00:34:10,053 --> 00:34:12,430 Answer the questions! 278 00:34:13,264 --> 00:34:17,477 Heads will roll. We have all the proof we need. 279 00:34:17,560 --> 00:34:20,563 We have methods you never dreamed of. 280 00:34:21,064 --> 00:34:22,690 You will confess. 281 00:34:22,774 --> 00:34:26,444 Your choice is either to try to redeem yourself 282 00:34:26,527 --> 00:34:28,571 by making a full confession 283 00:34:28,655 --> 00:34:34,911 or to remain an enemy unto death of the Soviet Union and our party. 284 00:34:35,245 --> 00:34:37,247 So answer the questions. 285 00:34:45,713 --> 00:34:48,091 Enough! Hand over the bowl! 286 00:34:54,222 --> 00:34:55,431 Enough! 287 00:35:01,646 --> 00:35:03,273 Keep walking! 288 00:35:54,490 --> 00:35:56,326 You can sleep now. 289 00:36:12,383 --> 00:36:15,470 On your back, regulation position. 290 00:36:16,846 --> 00:36:18,514 Arms straight. 291 00:36:23,144 --> 00:36:26,522 Stand up! Your number? 292 00:36:27,482 --> 00:36:29,025 You can sleep now. 293 00:36:31,402 --> 00:36:32,695 Stand up! 294 00:36:38,201 --> 00:36:39,660 Your number? 295 00:36:45,208 --> 00:36:47,293 3225. 296 00:36:47,377 --> 00:36:49,087 You can sleep now. 297 00:37:19,951 --> 00:37:21,244 Get up! 298 00:37:23,246 --> 00:37:25,456 Your number? 299 00:37:34,715 --> 00:37:36,926 You must obey orders. 300 00:37:59,157 --> 00:38:01,784 You and your filthy race, you're all alike. 301 00:38:02,368 --> 00:38:04,704 We'll finish what the gas chambers started. 302 00:38:04,787 --> 00:38:07,415 You say that, wearing the party insignia? 303 00:38:08,082 --> 00:38:11,085 Don't moralize to me, you traitor! 304 00:38:11,461 --> 00:38:15,715 You thought you controlled the party, but you've all been expelled. 305 00:38:15,798 --> 00:38:21,095 You're lying! That's impossible. It's against the rules of the party. 306 00:38:21,179 --> 00:38:24,390 What's this bourgeois conception of democracy? 307 00:38:24,474 --> 00:38:27,393 The Central Committee can assume emergency powers. 308 00:38:29,145 --> 00:38:33,357 Look at these cards. You, Vales, 309 00:38:33,441 --> 00:38:36,194 Zavodsky, who was head of Security. 310 00:38:36,694 --> 00:38:39,739 We know about your criminal activities in Spain and France 311 00:38:39,822 --> 00:38:42,283 thanks to our advisers. 312 00:38:42,366 --> 00:38:45,870 We'll track down the others and expel them too. 313 00:38:45,953 --> 00:38:47,580 You're not the Central Committee. 314 00:38:47,663 --> 00:38:50,166 We're above the Central Committee. 315 00:38:51,000 --> 00:38:55,004 Our task is to unmask traitors, even within the Committee. 316 00:38:55,838 --> 00:38:59,050 We represent the power of the proletariat. 317 00:39:00,551 --> 00:39:03,804 Your friends who protected you have talked. 318 00:39:05,306 --> 00:39:06,974 You will talk too. 319 00:39:07,642 --> 00:39:10,228 You will answer these comrades' questions. 320 00:39:10,645 --> 00:39:13,856 Like Zavodsky, who has made a full confession. 321 00:39:15,525 --> 00:39:21,030 As head of Security, he knew it was the only way to save himself. 322 00:39:23,366 --> 00:39:24,575 Zavodsky? 323 00:39:25,535 --> 00:39:27,036 Confess? 324 00:39:30,873 --> 00:39:32,542 But confess what? 325 00:39:37,171 --> 00:39:40,341 You recently attended a clandestine meeting. 326 00:39:40,424 --> 00:39:41,801 Why? 327 00:39:41,884 --> 00:39:43,511 You called the meeting! 328 00:39:43,594 --> 00:39:47,348 You led this Trotskyist group from the International Brigades. 329 00:39:47,431 --> 00:39:49,892 What decisions did you make? 330 00:39:49,976 --> 00:39:54,397 You expressed your Trotskyist opinions in Spain? What did you do? 331 00:39:54,480 --> 00:39:56,524 Sectarian sabotage? 332 00:39:56,607 --> 00:40:01,195 You met Rajk in Spain? Was he your contact with American intelligence? 333 00:40:01,279 --> 00:40:06,742 Rajk was executed as a spy in Hungary. You know what to expect. 334 00:40:06,826 --> 00:40:09,495 The Polish traitors Rwal and Winkler? 335 00:40:09,579 --> 00:40:12,957 Why did you protect the Titoist Dapchevich in Spain? 336 00:40:13,040 --> 00:40:16,502 Your only chance to save yourself 337 00:40:16,586 --> 00:40:19,547 is to confess even more fully than the others. 338 00:40:19,630 --> 00:40:21,841 You are the leader. 339 00:40:21,924 --> 00:40:25,553 Here we uproot weeds before they spread. 340 00:40:25,928 --> 00:40:29,348 You knew Rajk in Spain. 341 00:40:29,432 --> 00:40:32,768 So he put you in contact with the Americans. 342 00:40:33,436 --> 00:40:37,356 You were with Bartos in Spain. What do you know of him? 343 00:40:37,440 --> 00:40:39,191 We know he deserted. 344 00:40:39,275 --> 00:40:42,069 Jares was in your unit. Do you remember? 345 00:40:42,737 --> 00:40:47,867 This report describes him as a suspect Trotskyist element. 346 00:40:47,950 --> 00:40:51,454 Like all your friends, here and abroad. 347 00:40:51,537 --> 00:40:55,875 My connections were with the French and Italian communist parties. 348 00:40:55,958 --> 00:40:57,209 Who said all this? 349 00:40:57,793 --> 00:41:01,339 We have everything fully documented in this matter. 350 00:41:01,422 --> 00:41:04,091 Thanks to our Soviet advisers, 351 00:41:04,175 --> 00:41:08,179 we have full details of your espionage network. 352 00:41:10,181 --> 00:41:11,891 Zavodsky's confession. 353 00:41:11,974 --> 00:41:16,395 He describes in detail the criminal activities of your Trotskyist group. 354 00:41:16,646 --> 00:41:19,607 It's not true. Zavodsky couldn't have. 355 00:41:19,690 --> 00:41:25,488 Isn't that his signature? Each page is signed! 356 00:41:30,326 --> 00:41:34,413 It isn't possible. Not at Marseille. 357 00:41:34,497 --> 00:41:38,250 Yes, it is. "My activity for the Americans in Marseille." 358 00:41:38,334 --> 00:41:41,170 I presume you recognize his writing? 359 00:41:49,845 --> 00:41:54,350 Zavodsky and the rest pulled the wool over your eyes. 360 00:41:57,311 --> 00:42:01,315 To show good faith and help the party, 361 00:42:01,399 --> 00:42:03,442 you must confess everything. 362 00:42:03,526 --> 00:42:06,153 Confess what? That I was a spy? 363 00:42:06,904 --> 00:42:09,657 Your view of things is too subjective. 364 00:42:12,910 --> 00:42:17,289 Zavodsky was arrested after you. He confessed immediately. 365 00:42:17,373 --> 00:42:20,334 He knows it's the only way out. 366 00:42:20,668 --> 00:42:22,420 But it's all untrue. 367 00:42:22,712 --> 00:42:28,759 The French Communist Party and the Resistance can bear me out. 368 00:42:28,843 --> 00:42:33,639 It's no use. We have other confessions saying the same thing. 369 00:42:34,056 --> 00:42:37,268 Here everyone confesses, believe me. 370 00:42:38,185 --> 00:42:41,272 You were their leader. It's your only chance. 371 00:42:41,564 --> 00:42:44,525 Think of what might happen to your family. 372 00:42:45,151 --> 00:42:51,031 Listen. "I spied for the Americans in order to overthrow the regime. 373 00:42:52,241 --> 00:42:55,578 In this criminal activity, I was directed by" -- 374 00:42:56,704 --> 00:43:00,708 Look. Your name, in black and white. 375 00:43:01,250 --> 00:43:03,127 What can you do against that? 376 00:43:03,919 --> 00:43:05,212 Thirsty? 377 00:43:08,257 --> 00:43:12,428 A man confesses to serious crimes committed on your command. 378 00:43:12,511 --> 00:43:14,513 In court, what will be believed? 379 00:43:14,597 --> 00:43:16,682 Your denials 380 00:43:16,766 --> 00:43:19,602 or his self-incrimination? 381 00:43:21,145 --> 00:43:24,106 He's still talking too. - Lies. 382 00:43:24,940 --> 00:43:27,443 It's the confession that counts. 383 00:43:27,943 --> 00:43:32,490 Why is he risking his life by making these confessions? 384 00:43:32,907 --> 00:43:35,701 To save his life, do you understand? 385 00:43:35,785 --> 00:43:39,038 I want to help the party, but I can't -- 386 00:43:39,121 --> 00:43:42,166 I forbid you to speak of the party. 387 00:43:42,458 --> 00:43:47,713 And I forbid you to give this traitor anything to drink. 388 00:43:47,797 --> 00:43:54,053 Abandoned by the party, comrades, no one would doubt my guilt. 389 00:43:54,136 --> 00:43:57,681 I myself never doubted the Moscow and Rajk trials. 390 00:43:57,765 --> 00:44:02,978 How could any communist believe that the infallible party 391 00:44:03,062 --> 00:44:06,732 was capable of making the innocent confess? 392 00:44:06,816 --> 00:44:09,527 Confess what, why? 393 00:44:09,610 --> 00:44:13,072 We will use any method to uncover your treason. 394 00:44:13,155 --> 00:44:16,575 Zavodsky says he knew of your American activities, 395 00:44:16,659 --> 00:44:20,955 but remained silent because you knew of his Gestapo connections. 396 00:44:21,747 --> 00:44:27,878 Your friend Vales admits to having collaborated with the British police. 397 00:44:28,170 --> 00:44:32,675 Though Jewish, you survived the concentration camps. Why? 398 00:44:33,300 --> 00:44:35,261 Because you collaborated. 399 00:44:35,344 --> 00:44:41,183 The Americans recruited you through captured Gestapo files. 400 00:44:54,864 --> 00:44:56,198 Walk! 401 00:45:02,621 --> 00:45:08,168 The party is informed of cooperative attitudes in prisoners. 402 00:45:25,269 --> 00:45:28,022 3225. Present. 403 00:45:28,105 --> 00:45:29,356 Louder! 404 00:45:54,214 --> 00:45:57,635 What did you do? Why are you here? 405 00:45:57,927 --> 00:45:59,428 I don't know. 406 00:46:00,429 --> 00:46:02,640 They won't let me sleep. And it stinks. 407 00:46:03,641 --> 00:46:05,935 Nothing to eat or drink. 408 00:46:06,268 --> 00:46:07,770 I'm innocent. 409 00:46:09,271 --> 00:46:10,606 Wait. 410 00:46:13,609 --> 00:46:18,113 We've had orders about you. You're a special case. 411 00:46:30,167 --> 00:46:33,170 Don't tell anyone, or I'll be punished. 412 00:46:36,799 --> 00:46:41,345 I want to see a party official. You're committing a crime. 413 00:46:42,262 --> 00:46:45,516 For 10 days I haven't slept, eaten or drunk. 414 00:46:46,475 --> 00:46:50,688 I want to be questioned officially, with my answers recorded. 415 00:46:51,021 --> 00:46:52,982 You haven't slept or eaten? 416 00:46:54,191 --> 00:46:56,110 I'll see about that. 417 00:46:56,193 --> 00:46:57,945 The guards tend to do as they like. 418 00:46:59,196 --> 00:47:00,781 We've got Holdos now. 419 00:47:00,864 --> 00:47:04,326 All you veterans of Spain are in the bag. 420 00:47:04,660 --> 00:47:07,413 Here -- in Hungary, Poland, Germany. 421 00:47:07,496 --> 00:47:10,958 All the International Brigades are implicated in this affair. 422 00:47:18,966 --> 00:47:23,387 Rajk was asked exactly the same questions at his trial. 423 00:47:23,721 --> 00:47:25,848 His case seems to interest you. 424 00:47:26,348 --> 00:47:31,228 But, of course, his confessions brought you closer to discovery. 425 00:47:31,562 --> 00:47:35,315 You approved of his trial to conceal yourselves. 426 00:47:36,025 --> 00:47:40,362 We shall act as the Hungarians did in liquidating Rajk and his gang. 427 00:47:40,446 --> 00:47:43,782 I propose a resolution 428 00:47:43,866 --> 00:47:48,203 condemning the spy and traitor László Rajk, 429 00:47:48,287 --> 00:47:51,123 unmasked by our Hungarian comrades. 430 00:47:51,373 --> 00:47:54,376 All in favor, raise their hands. 431 00:47:58,714 --> 00:48:01,592 Many veterans of Spain are implicated. 432 00:48:01,675 --> 00:48:04,261 There weren't only us good guys in Spain. 433 00:48:04,344 --> 00:48:06,472 Can't see the forest for the trees. 434 00:48:06,555 --> 00:48:08,849 To sum up then. 435 00:48:09,516 --> 00:48:13,312 "I have committed certain errors in my work 436 00:48:13,395 --> 00:48:15,397 through my negligence. 437 00:48:16,315 --> 00:48:19,026 I have had dealings with Kohnová, 438 00:48:20,527 --> 00:48:24,740 Vasela, Pavlik and Feigl, 439 00:48:25,074 --> 00:48:28,077 already convicted for their dealings with Field." 440 00:48:28,452 --> 00:48:31,497 Vasela wasn't convicted. 441 00:48:31,580 --> 00:48:33,832 She killed herself during the trial. 442 00:48:33,916 --> 00:48:36,168 Not Vasela then. 443 00:48:36,251 --> 00:48:39,296 "I accepted American imperialist money 444 00:48:39,379 --> 00:48:41,757 for my underground party work." 445 00:48:43,967 --> 00:48:45,260 Sign it. 446 00:48:49,598 --> 00:48:51,642 Isn't it better this way? 447 00:48:52,893 --> 00:48:54,853 You can sleep now. 448 00:49:18,293 --> 00:49:22,297 I retract. I only signed under physical coercion. 449 00:49:22,381 --> 00:49:24,716 - What? - Yes, physical coercion. 450 00:49:24,800 --> 00:49:30,681 So you think this is a confession? We haven't even begun. 451 00:49:30,764 --> 00:49:33,809 You'll sign much more than that. 452 00:49:33,892 --> 00:49:36,103 Let's start again. 453 00:49:36,186 --> 00:49:40,274 He'll speak, or we'll finish the matter by finishing him. 454 00:49:43,068 --> 00:49:45,779 Come on, start with your life. 455 00:49:46,780 --> 00:49:48,073 Walk. 456 00:49:56,081 --> 00:49:58,208 Tell me your story from the beginning. 457 00:49:59,042 --> 00:50:00,419 Date of birth? 458 00:50:06,049 --> 00:50:09,178 February 1, 1915, at Ostrava. 459 00:50:09,761 --> 00:50:11,513 My father was a railroad man. 460 00:50:11,597 --> 00:50:14,641 Why aren't you called by your real name? 461 00:50:15,267 --> 00:50:18,061 Gérard was my name in the French Resistance. 462 00:50:18,145 --> 00:50:20,939 French Resistance -- how odd. 463 00:50:21,023 --> 00:50:26,195 You are a communist and a Jew, yet you survived the Gestapo. 464 00:50:26,945 --> 00:50:28,113 Bizarre. 465 00:50:28,739 --> 00:50:31,867 Carry on. - My son was born in prison. 466 00:50:33,535 --> 00:50:39,416 His mother named him Gérard, not knowing if we'd ever meet again. 467 00:50:39,750 --> 00:50:41,835 Don't try to make me cry. 468 00:50:42,461 --> 00:50:43,837 Carry on. 469 00:50:45,714 --> 00:50:48,008 My father was the fifth of eight children, 470 00:50:48,091 --> 00:50:52,971 son of a railroad man in Moravia under Austro-Hungarian rule. 471 00:50:53,388 --> 00:50:55,265 Then he went to Switzerland 472 00:50:56,058 --> 00:50:58,894 and in about 1900 emigrated to America. 473 00:50:59,937 --> 00:51:02,022 He learned English very quickly. 474 00:51:04,024 --> 00:51:07,236 He could recite Whitman's poems by heart 475 00:51:07,694 --> 00:51:10,280 and pages of Paine and Jefferson. 476 00:51:11,782 --> 00:51:15,577 In New York he met my mother, also an émigré. 477 00:51:16,954 --> 00:51:19,248 They came back home together. 478 00:51:19,331 --> 00:51:22,876 In the First World War, he was a stretcher-bearer. 479 00:51:22,960 --> 00:51:25,462 Through contact with Russian prisoners, 480 00:51:25,545 --> 00:51:28,298 he learned about Bolshevism. 481 00:51:29,091 --> 00:51:32,302 From him I first heard of Rosa Luxemburg, 482 00:51:33,929 --> 00:51:39,101 the Spartacists, Lenin, the Commune of Canton. 483 00:51:40,018 --> 00:51:43,689 It was he who made me read Heinrich Heine. 484 00:51:45,565 --> 00:51:49,278 He pointed my way into the Communist Youth. 485 00:51:53,490 --> 00:51:57,619 In 1930 we wanted to blow up the Ostrava prefecture. 486 00:51:58,495 --> 00:52:01,790 Well, did you blow it up or not? 487 00:52:02,249 --> 00:52:05,002 Last night, you told my colleague you did. 488 00:52:05,085 --> 00:52:07,671 No, we were only 15. 489 00:52:07,754 --> 00:52:11,591 We merely dreamed of doing a daring deed. 490 00:52:11,675 --> 00:52:15,345 Dreamed? This morning, you told me the opposite. 491 00:52:16,138 --> 00:52:20,642 So you have three different versions of that story? 492 00:52:21,226 --> 00:52:26,857 Start again from the beginning. Let's see if you have a fourth. 493 00:52:26,940 --> 00:52:28,483 I'm listening. 494 00:52:30,319 --> 00:52:32,946 I was born in Ostrava -- 495 00:52:33,989 --> 00:52:38,618 You say your friend Wagner disappeared in Moscow in 1935. 496 00:52:38,702 --> 00:52:42,998 Yesterday you didn't know what had become of him. Which is it? 497 00:52:43,415 --> 00:52:44,791 Start again. 498 00:52:47,210 --> 00:52:50,130 I met Wagner in Moscow when -- 499 00:52:50,505 --> 00:52:54,176 No, from the beginning. Date of birth? 500 00:52:55,344 --> 00:52:57,179 Carry on. 501 00:52:57,262 --> 00:53:02,976 You said your father made you read "Enrich N." What next? 502 00:53:03,643 --> 00:53:05,520 Heinrich Heine. 503 00:53:06,897 --> 00:53:10,400 He pointed my way into the Communist Youth. 504 00:53:12,110 --> 00:53:15,030 He was incensed by the Sacco and Vanzetti case. 505 00:53:15,655 --> 00:53:18,325 We demonstrated together. 506 00:53:20,744 --> 00:53:23,955 He respected Bakunin's physical courage 507 00:53:24,539 --> 00:53:30,212 and admired Kropotkin, all of whose writing he knew. 508 00:53:31,630 --> 00:53:36,676 But he did not share the basic anarchist ideology. 509 00:53:38,095 --> 00:53:41,473 An old member of the socialist left, 510 00:53:41,556 --> 00:53:45,102 he became a founding member of the communist party in his hometown. 511 00:53:47,187 --> 00:53:51,733 Outcast by polite society and by the Jewish community 512 00:53:54,194 --> 00:53:56,154 who thought him a traitor 513 00:53:56,238 --> 00:53:58,031 because he was an atheist 514 00:53:59,783 --> 00:54:03,745 and supporter of antireligious organizations, 515 00:54:04,204 --> 00:54:06,706 he found it hard to get work. 516 00:54:07,290 --> 00:54:09,501 His family didn't help. 517 00:54:09,793 --> 00:54:14,423 Except my uncle Zigmund, who never tired of lecturing him. 518 00:54:15,632 --> 00:54:20,637 I saw my father for the last time in Moscow in the summer of 1935. 519 00:54:21,555 --> 00:54:23,557 He had aged considerably. 520 00:54:24,474 --> 00:54:26,685 In order to visit us, 521 00:54:27,936 --> 00:54:32,190 he arranged to come on a trip -- on an organized trip with... 522 00:54:33,733 --> 00:54:35,777 other people who were with him. 523 00:54:36,069 --> 00:54:38,864 He wanted to meet my wife. 524 00:54:39,990 --> 00:54:42,159 Everything interested him. 525 00:54:42,242 --> 00:54:46,580 Sometimes he asked questions which I had difficulty answering. 526 00:54:49,875 --> 00:54:52,461 ...which I had difficulty answering. 527 00:54:54,463 --> 00:54:56,548 He disliked some things in Moscow. 528 00:54:57,924 --> 00:55:00,635 There were things he didn't understand. 529 00:55:03,930 --> 00:55:06,099 But he had fulfilled his dream... 530 00:55:07,100 --> 00:55:11,605 of seeing the Red Square and Lenin in his mausoleum. 531 00:55:13,148 --> 00:55:17,152 When he left, he was sad. 532 00:55:18,487 --> 00:55:20,864 He wondered when we would meet again. 533 00:55:22,449 --> 00:55:24,451 I never saw him again. 534 00:55:25,952 --> 00:55:29,372 Nor my mother, my brother Jean 535 00:55:29,915 --> 00:55:31,875 or my sister Juliette. 536 00:55:32,918 --> 00:55:35,420 They died in concentration camps. 537 00:55:40,217 --> 00:55:43,512 We are in a 200-foot-square office 538 00:55:44,596 --> 00:55:47,766 with a gray-green cabinet. 539 00:55:48,725 --> 00:55:50,852 A typewriter. 540 00:55:51,811 --> 00:55:57,317 An empty beer glass, a cup of coffee. 541 00:55:59,945 --> 00:56:01,821 Filthy traitor! 542 00:56:02,447 --> 00:56:03,698 Get out, you! 543 00:56:04,449 --> 00:56:06,368 You'll account for this. 544 00:56:06,451 --> 00:56:08,328 Let's finish this. 545 00:56:53,540 --> 00:56:57,419 You filthy Trotskyist bandit. 546 00:56:57,711 --> 00:57:00,672 You had already begun your activities in Moscow. 547 00:57:02,132 --> 00:57:03,300 Go on! 548 00:57:14,603 --> 00:57:16,605 They're going to hang me. 549 00:57:16,688 --> 00:57:18,773 Kill him if he won't talk! 550 00:57:19,357 --> 00:57:22,360 I'll disappear like Wagner in Moscow. 551 00:57:22,444 --> 00:57:25,113 They confiscated my card. They say I'm a Trotskyist! 552 00:57:25,363 --> 00:57:29,034 They'll say my conscience drove me to suicide. 553 00:57:29,284 --> 00:57:32,454 Suicide. He didn't have the courage to confess. 554 00:58:01,232 --> 00:58:05,236 You're in luck, but you'll hang anyway, 555 00:58:05,737 --> 00:58:07,906 and our people will be avenged. 556 00:58:08,323 --> 00:58:10,659 If it's who I think, it's dangerous. 557 00:58:13,411 --> 00:58:16,498 Our advisers want you alive for the trial. 558 00:58:17,957 --> 00:58:24,547 They want us to grant diplomatic status to Soviet advisers. 559 00:58:24,631 --> 00:58:26,758 But they're policemen. 560 00:58:26,841 --> 00:58:30,428 We benefit from their experience of the Moscow trials. 561 00:58:32,138 --> 00:58:35,141 The presence of these advisers seemed to us 562 00:58:35,225 --> 00:58:39,646 a natural consequence of Soviet aid to socialist countries. 563 00:58:40,355 --> 00:58:43,441 I have five months to make you confess. 564 00:58:44,275 --> 00:58:46,027 Radek held out for three. 565 00:58:46,111 --> 00:58:49,531 That's the record, so I have time to spare. 566 00:58:49,614 --> 00:58:52,784 Each night someone goes missing. They're preparing a major trial. 567 00:58:52,867 --> 00:58:56,121 Confess, or you'll be tried secretly. 568 00:58:56,204 --> 00:58:58,289 You'll be hanged. 569 00:58:58,373 --> 00:59:03,878 Finally, they found a discrepancy in my various biographical accounts. 570 00:59:08,717 --> 00:59:11,136 Admit you're a Trotskyist! 571 00:59:11,219 --> 00:59:12,178 Admit it! 572 00:59:13,888 --> 00:59:18,393 You were in touch with Trotskyist spies in Moscow in 1936. 573 00:59:18,476 --> 00:59:21,563 To avoid discovery, you went to Spain. 574 00:59:21,646 --> 00:59:25,275 Wagner worked for the Comintern for years. 575 00:59:25,358 --> 00:59:28,319 He came to see me in my Moscow hotel. 576 00:59:28,403 --> 00:59:31,573 Because of this lapse, they took away everything -- 577 00:59:31,656 --> 00:59:34,701 my party card, my job, my room. 578 00:59:35,285 --> 00:59:37,370 Stalin can't possibly know. 579 00:59:37,454 --> 00:59:39,873 Stalin can't possibly know. 580 00:59:55,972 --> 00:59:58,266 Look, he's starting to break. 581 00:59:58,349 --> 01:00:00,185 Look at this beautiful phrase. 582 01:00:00,268 --> 01:00:02,270 ...starting to break. 583 01:00:02,353 --> 01:00:04,439 A quotation haunted me. 584 01:00:05,106 --> 01:00:08,026 "The individual becomes guilty not because he is guilty, 585 01:00:08,109 --> 01:00:10,445 but because he may be thought so." 586 01:00:10,528 --> 01:00:12,614 Look at this beautiful phrase. 587 01:00:13,323 --> 01:00:15,950 "This is what I have to say about the Trotskyist group 588 01:00:16,034 --> 01:00:18,286 of International Brigade volunteers." 589 01:00:18,369 --> 01:00:20,872 Now we can really get to work. 590 01:00:21,998 --> 01:00:23,291 Your friend, Tonda. 591 01:00:23,374 --> 01:00:26,711 All misunderstandings can be resolved by the party. 592 01:00:26,795 --> 01:00:30,089 Your friend's talking about a Trotskyist group. 593 01:00:30,882 --> 01:00:33,718 Three weeks -- no sleep, practically no food. 594 01:00:33,802 --> 01:00:36,221 He's confessed everything. 595 01:00:36,304 --> 01:00:38,807 - It's not signed. - it's the carbon. 596 01:00:40,892 --> 01:00:44,604 That's fine, but what our friends want... 597 01:00:44,687 --> 01:00:47,232 is "Trotskyist espionage organization." 598 01:00:47,315 --> 01:00:49,108 Get him to sign that. 599 01:00:51,110 --> 01:00:54,489 You'll be signing, too, since you're their leader. 600 01:00:56,449 --> 01:00:58,618 Our party comrades will stop you. 601 01:00:58,701 --> 01:01:00,745 Did you help us? 602 01:01:01,246 --> 01:01:04,290 It's unthinkable that the party -- 603 01:01:04,374 --> 01:01:06,042 He's raving. 604 01:01:06,668 --> 01:01:08,503 Stalin knows what he's doing. 605 01:01:09,587 --> 01:01:11,172 What should I do? 606 01:01:12,257 --> 01:01:15,260 - Confess! - What? That I spied? 607 01:01:15,343 --> 01:01:17,846 Stalin knows what he's doing. 608 01:01:18,972 --> 01:01:20,431 What should I do? 609 01:01:25,562 --> 01:01:26,855 He's had it. 610 01:01:27,856 --> 01:01:31,776 Stalin says the most precious capital is man. 611 01:01:32,110 --> 01:01:34,946 If he's drowning, he must be helped. 612 01:01:41,369 --> 01:01:42,161 Eat. 613 01:01:56,217 --> 01:02:00,221 I heard Smola say, "Leave him for a moment." 614 01:02:01,264 --> 01:02:04,434 Lying there, I had a wonderful vision 615 01:02:05,018 --> 01:02:09,522 of myself on a Monte Carlo beach where I'd never been. 616 01:02:19,574 --> 01:02:24,662 When I arrived in France, the first thing I did was come here. 617 01:02:25,413 --> 01:02:29,500 The doctor advised it for my lungs. 618 01:02:29,584 --> 01:02:32,337 - Tell it all. - What? 619 01:02:32,420 --> 01:02:35,006 The whole story. 620 01:02:35,089 --> 01:02:37,008 - Who to? - Write a book. 621 01:02:37,091 --> 01:02:38,718 I know some publishers. 622 01:02:39,218 --> 01:02:41,679 - Who for? - For us. 623 01:02:42,764 --> 01:02:46,184 Communists aren't ready for this kind of truth. 624 01:02:47,268 --> 01:02:51,230 They'll say that dirty linen should be washed in private. 625 01:02:51,314 --> 01:02:55,276 Or that there's no smoke without fire, 626 01:02:55,360 --> 01:02:57,862 that I didn't have the true party spirit. 627 01:02:58,780 --> 01:03:00,949 It's too soon... objectively. 628 01:03:01,240 --> 01:03:04,077 Write it anyway. 629 01:03:04,285 --> 01:03:06,037 They're still in power. 630 01:03:06,120 --> 01:03:09,165 They wouldn't let it be published. 631 01:03:09,248 --> 01:03:10,708 Publish in France. 632 01:03:10,792 --> 01:03:16,047 No, there first. Such a book should spring from changing circumstances. 633 01:03:16,130 --> 01:03:17,548 So you'll say nothing? 634 01:03:18,383 --> 01:03:21,761 I have no personal grudges. It's a general problem. 635 01:03:21,844 --> 01:03:22,887 Precisely. 636 01:03:22,971 --> 01:03:25,765 Who will speak for the dead? 637 01:03:26,349 --> 01:03:30,812 Who spoke up for us at the trial in 1952? 638 01:03:31,229 --> 01:03:32,689 Did you? 639 01:03:33,314 --> 01:03:36,150 Do you remember what you said? 640 01:03:36,234 --> 01:03:38,945 That we were mad dogs, Titoist spies, 641 01:03:39,028 --> 01:03:40,738 Trotskyist bandits. 642 01:03:40,822 --> 01:03:43,992 You all knew about my activities in France. 643 01:03:44,283 --> 01:03:45,785 But no one spoke. 644 01:03:46,035 --> 01:03:47,161 Did you? 645 01:03:47,662 --> 01:03:48,579 No. 646 01:03:48,663 --> 01:03:51,165 - Why? - I'd have been expelled. 647 01:03:51,457 --> 01:03:54,961 That's too easy. Did you think they were guilty? 648 01:03:55,044 --> 01:03:59,716 We didn't have enough information until 1956, the 20th Congress. 649 01:03:59,799 --> 01:04:03,428 The bourgeois press, as you call it, 650 01:04:03,511 --> 01:04:06,139 could have told you it was trumped up. 651 01:04:06,222 --> 01:04:09,767 But you were living in a closed world 652 01:04:09,851 --> 01:04:11,728 with the party as God. 653 01:04:11,811 --> 01:04:15,648 Apart from details, your story tells me nothing new. 654 01:04:15,732 --> 01:04:18,943 The existence of this hellish mechanism was known. 655 01:04:19,027 --> 01:04:21,112 One politician said that hell, 656 01:04:21,195 --> 01:04:25,533 as the Prague trials remind us, has its own logic. 657 01:04:25,616 --> 01:04:28,870 He also had a nice turn of phrase to justify the wars in Indochina 658 01:04:28,953 --> 01:04:32,623 and Algeria, with their million dead. 659 01:04:32,707 --> 01:04:37,253 Anyway, all this explains how but not why. 660 01:04:37,545 --> 01:04:41,174 Stalin eliminated the best, the most brilliant. 661 01:04:41,257 --> 01:04:45,511 Stalin, who wasn't alone, was once a seminarian. 662 01:04:47,180 --> 01:04:50,516 Public confession, humiliation of the sinner. 663 01:04:50,808 --> 01:04:53,061 Also, he was infallible. 664 01:04:55,772 --> 01:05:00,485 During the cold war, there were rifts between the People's Democracies. 665 01:05:00,568 --> 01:05:02,820 They had been born not of true revolution, 666 01:05:02,904 --> 01:05:05,031 but of Soviet military successes. 667 01:05:05,406 --> 01:05:07,575 There were serious economic and societal problems. 668 01:05:08,076 --> 01:05:10,161 Stalin did not like independent socialist powers. 669 01:05:10,244 --> 01:05:14,540 Tito would not blindly copy Russian-style socialism. 670 01:05:14,624 --> 01:05:17,794 Tito was declared an agent of imperialism. 671 01:05:17,877 --> 01:05:20,546 "Titoist" became a synonym for "spy." 672 01:05:22,381 --> 01:05:25,718 Just as Trotskyist had previously. 673 01:05:26,427 --> 01:05:27,720 So? 674 01:05:28,179 --> 01:05:33,267 So, after the Rajk trial, the party agreed to Soviet advisers. 675 01:05:33,351 --> 01:05:36,104 I consider this a proof of trust. 676 01:05:36,395 --> 01:05:41,984 You will work as a group under the direction of our comrade advisers. 677 01:05:42,443 --> 01:05:45,071 You will be answerable only to them, 678 01:05:45,154 --> 01:05:49,909 the president of the Republic and the secretary of the party. 679 01:05:49,992 --> 01:05:54,080 The party has no power to interfere with this activity. 680 01:05:54,872 --> 01:05:59,877 At the end of February, I was again transferred. 681 01:06:00,336 --> 01:06:02,588 No, these cars are too modern. 682 01:06:02,672 --> 01:06:06,801 In 1951, it was the Tatraplan with the rear fin. 683 01:06:20,106 --> 01:06:24,152 Being in an ordinary prison again gave me hope. 684 01:06:24,235 --> 01:06:26,070 You can lie down. 685 01:07:03,482 --> 01:07:07,528 You'd take fright if you could see yourself. 686 01:07:08,404 --> 01:07:09,614 Today's March 6. 687 01:07:09,697 --> 01:07:12,825 For 35 days, you have refused to cooperate. 688 01:07:13,826 --> 01:07:17,622 Your negative attitude is reported to the party every day. 689 01:07:19,081 --> 01:07:22,335 Right. We'll start at the beginning again. 690 01:07:23,127 --> 01:07:24,712 On condition that -- 691 01:07:24,795 --> 01:07:28,174 Conditions? Your life is at stake! 692 01:07:28,424 --> 01:07:31,844 Your only chance is to confess everything. 693 01:07:33,971 --> 01:07:35,264 Take him away. 694 01:07:36,265 --> 01:07:38,601 Prepare yourself for interrogation. 695 01:07:51,530 --> 01:07:53,741 You have four hours' sleep. 696 01:07:54,992 --> 01:07:58,746 Remove your jacket. Regulation position. 697 01:08:07,588 --> 01:08:10,216 You must confess your guilt. 698 01:08:10,299 --> 01:08:14,762 As an obedient member of the party, you must submit. 699 01:08:15,429 --> 01:08:18,391 If I am not a good communist, but a Trotskyist spy, 700 01:08:18,474 --> 01:08:20,476 why appeal to my loyalty? 701 01:08:21,394 --> 01:08:23,771 If I'm a good communist, why am I here? 702 01:08:26,440 --> 01:08:28,401 Telephone, sir. 703 01:08:30,653 --> 01:08:32,113 Keep an eye on him. 704 01:08:39,328 --> 01:08:41,122 It's him in the corridor. 705 01:08:43,916 --> 01:08:45,710 How weary he must be. 706 01:08:45,793 --> 01:08:47,295 His fate's sealed. 707 01:08:49,547 --> 01:08:51,966 And what about mine? 708 01:08:52,049 --> 01:08:57,096 A few years in a state farm till this blows over. 709 01:09:00,182 --> 01:09:03,728 Zavodsky was executed in 1954, after the others. 710 01:09:08,441 --> 01:09:11,235 We've received a letter from your wife. 711 01:09:12,528 --> 01:09:16,490 "It isn't easy to support a family, of course, 712 01:09:16,991 --> 01:09:21,579 but with the help of the party, I'll manage." 713 01:09:23,998 --> 01:09:27,752 She has the right spirit. She has repudiated you. 714 01:09:29,045 --> 01:09:32,715 Why so surprised? It isn't the first time. 715 01:09:33,507 --> 01:09:38,721 One of your friends has confessed that she was his mistress. 716 01:09:38,804 --> 01:09:40,014 You bastard! 717 01:09:46,312 --> 01:09:47,772 It's all in here! 718 01:09:47,855 --> 01:09:49,690 Imbecile! 719 01:09:50,733 --> 01:09:53,611 They're a fine lot, your Trotskyist friends! 720 01:09:53,694 --> 01:09:56,489 I know she's French, but him! 721 01:09:57,031 --> 01:09:59,784 They were caught in his office. 722 01:10:02,119 --> 01:10:04,497 She was leaning against his shoulder. 723 01:10:07,291 --> 01:10:11,837 "In that case, you had intimate relations with her?" 724 01:10:12,171 --> 01:10:15,883 Answer: "Not intimate, just very friendly." 725 01:10:15,966 --> 01:10:19,887 Question: "Was she leaning against your shoulder?" 726 01:10:19,970 --> 01:10:21,680 Answer: "Yes." 727 01:10:22,181 --> 01:10:27,144 "According to the dictionary, that means you were intimate." 728 01:10:27,228 --> 01:10:32,149 Answer: "All right, intimate then." He confessed she was his mistress. 729 01:10:33,275 --> 01:10:35,069 Who dreamed all that up? 730 01:10:35,152 --> 01:10:38,531 Guess! What concerns us... 731 01:10:38,614 --> 01:10:43,244 is that she has repudiated you and placed herself in the party's hands. 732 01:10:43,661 --> 01:10:46,622 - Is there new information? - Every day. 733 01:10:46,705 --> 01:10:53,295 Send me all documents about Gérard. I want to see them first. 734 01:10:57,216 --> 01:11:00,386 What's happening to my husband? 735 01:11:00,636 --> 01:11:02,680 You write too many letters. 736 01:11:03,222 --> 01:11:06,934 Our comrades have better things to do than read them. 737 01:11:07,768 --> 01:11:12,565 However, I was instructed to see you. What do you want? 738 01:11:13,315 --> 01:11:16,277 To know what's happened. It's been two months. 739 01:11:17,945 --> 01:11:22,700 He seems to be deeply implicated. All this is about him. 740 01:11:23,659 --> 01:11:25,703 But is he under arrest or not? 741 01:11:26,287 --> 01:11:30,708 I have a right to know, as his wife and a party member. 742 01:11:30,791 --> 01:11:33,085 He has not been charged, 743 01:11:33,586 --> 01:11:36,922 but there are matters to clear up. 744 01:11:37,006 --> 01:11:40,468 I've shared his life for 16 years. It's an open book. 745 01:11:40,551 --> 01:11:44,972 A man may seem open, then one day secrets emerge. 746 01:11:45,639 --> 01:11:47,600 - Not him. - Because you love him. 747 01:11:48,267 --> 01:11:50,561 There have always been traitors, agents provocateurs, 748 01:11:50,644 --> 01:11:52,646 cops in the workers' movement. 749 01:11:52,730 --> 01:11:55,524 The wives never unmask them. 750 01:11:56,942 --> 01:12:00,279 In 1941, in your party, 751 01:12:01,071 --> 01:12:05,075 you had to execute the national organizer. 752 01:12:07,161 --> 01:12:08,787 Gitton, you mean. 753 01:12:10,498 --> 01:12:14,251 He'd been a police informer for years. 754 01:12:14,335 --> 01:12:16,837 The national organizer. 755 01:12:18,380 --> 01:12:22,510 Hasn't he been acting strange lately? 756 01:12:23,469 --> 01:12:26,847 Leaving you alone, coming home late? 757 01:12:27,181 --> 01:12:31,936 Was he arrested -- put in isolation for his private life? 758 01:12:32,019 --> 01:12:35,105 I've already said he hasn't been charged. 759 01:12:36,023 --> 01:12:40,027 You should go back to France with your family. 760 01:12:40,361 --> 01:12:44,156 You mean I should be the first to condemn him? 761 01:12:45,199 --> 01:12:49,662 I won't believe he's guilty until he tells me so. 762 01:12:49,912 --> 01:12:52,331 Life will be difficult for you. 763 01:12:53,165 --> 01:12:58,712 I regret to say you can't go on working for the radio now. 764 01:12:58,796 --> 01:13:00,214 Why? 765 01:13:00,923 --> 01:13:04,385 They said I'm the best reporter in the French service. 766 01:13:04,468 --> 01:13:10,349 You'll have to work in a factory instead of in public service. 767 01:13:10,683 --> 01:13:12,851 Is the factory a punishment? 768 01:13:13,644 --> 01:13:18,732 How sad for the workers in a workers' state. 769 01:13:18,816 --> 01:13:23,654 That is how things are managed in the Soviet Union. 770 01:13:24,363 --> 01:13:28,659 They're taking our things. I couldn't stop them. 771 01:13:29,702 --> 01:13:31,412 What are you doing? 772 01:13:34,582 --> 01:13:36,458 Here's your paper, Father. 773 01:13:39,169 --> 01:13:40,296 What's going on? 774 01:13:40,379 --> 01:13:42,840 The minister's orders. The villa is needed. 775 01:13:43,382 --> 01:13:45,884 We're moving you. - Where to? 776 01:13:46,260 --> 01:13:47,720 Here it is. 777 01:13:55,686 --> 01:13:57,563 It could have been worse. 778 01:13:57,813 --> 01:14:00,482 You could put the children here. 779 01:14:02,860 --> 01:14:04,612 Who's that lady? 780 01:14:05,154 --> 01:14:06,614 A friend. 781 01:14:07,740 --> 01:14:11,243 Her brother's with Daddy. We'll be working together. 782 01:14:11,535 --> 01:14:14,288 Is her brother in prison, like Daddy? 783 01:14:16,498 --> 01:14:19,627 - Who told you that? - Everyone at school says so. 784 01:14:32,181 --> 01:14:34,308 You are Londonova? 785 01:14:34,391 --> 01:14:36,393 Yes. You know my husband? 786 01:14:36,644 --> 01:14:39,396 I've heard of him through friends. 787 01:14:40,147 --> 01:14:44,401 Well, I need a job rather urgently. 788 01:14:44,485 --> 01:14:45,653 I've no skills. 789 01:14:46,028 --> 01:14:48,113 No matter. We'll teach you. 790 01:14:48,197 --> 01:14:51,408 And you? - I've found a job at Autorenova. 791 01:14:51,492 --> 01:14:54,620 That's right next door. You'll be neighbors. 792 01:14:55,788 --> 01:14:59,333 You can start at the end of the month, if you like. 793 01:14:59,583 --> 01:15:01,960 I'd like that. Thank you. 794 01:15:02,252 --> 01:15:05,214 - We'd like to be together. - If possible. 795 01:15:05,297 --> 01:15:07,758 I'll try to arrange it. 796 01:15:21,689 --> 01:15:23,607 Come over here! 797 01:15:28,028 --> 01:15:30,906 - I frightened them off. - No, you didn't. 798 01:15:31,323 --> 01:15:34,952 Yes, I did. I'm used to it now. 799 01:15:35,327 --> 01:15:39,039 Did you see they've arrested the party secretary? 800 01:15:39,331 --> 01:15:41,500 How far will they go? 801 01:15:41,917 --> 01:15:46,422 I wrote to him about Gérard, but he refused to see me. 802 01:15:46,505 --> 01:15:50,384 Well, it's over now. This arrest makes everything clear. 803 01:15:50,467 --> 01:15:52,010 How? 804 01:15:52,469 --> 01:15:57,349 At my paper, they say he's responsible for all the arrests. 805 01:15:58,142 --> 01:16:04,481 It's a purge against those who criticized his economic policy. 806 01:16:05,649 --> 01:16:09,695 Even I had my share of persecution. 807 01:16:11,029 --> 01:16:14,408 Gérard will be freed soon. You'll see. 808 01:16:15,117 --> 01:16:20,914 He was the party newspaper editor. Soon he was arrested too. 809 01:16:20,998 --> 01:16:26,253 He confessed, became one of the 14 accused 810 01:16:26,336 --> 01:16:28,088 and was executed. 811 01:16:31,967 --> 01:16:33,635 Here he is. 812 01:16:37,723 --> 01:16:40,058 I wish you much joy. 813 01:16:51,862 --> 01:16:53,197 Sit down. 814 01:17:02,748 --> 01:17:06,210 In six months, you've worn out around a dozen interrogators. 815 01:17:07,628 --> 01:17:11,381 You even made the commandant lose his patience. 816 01:17:12,090 --> 01:17:14,968 But never mind, it doesn't matter. 817 01:17:15,469 --> 01:17:19,306 We'll start from the beginning, all over again. 818 01:17:21,183 --> 01:17:25,604 We have plenty of interrogators... and lots of time. 819 01:17:26,146 --> 01:17:31,276 You'll confess, even if it takes a year or more. 820 01:17:31,360 --> 01:17:33,070 I have five months. 821 01:17:33,570 --> 01:17:36,114 So I'm in no hurry. 822 01:17:36,365 --> 01:17:39,326 You have no idea what awaits you. 823 01:17:45,833 --> 01:17:46,959 Put these on. 824 01:17:57,344 --> 01:17:59,221 Get up, please. 825 01:18:04,685 --> 01:18:05,853 Walk. 826 01:18:14,695 --> 01:18:19,491 Later I learned that during the Nazi occupation, and before, 827 01:18:19,575 --> 01:18:23,579 Kohoutek had been in charge of police anticommunist work. 828 01:18:24,955 --> 01:18:30,085 "I had dealings with Noel Field in Geneva in 1947." 829 01:18:31,044 --> 01:18:33,046 Sign it, please. 830 01:18:33,130 --> 01:18:35,507 But the party knows that. 831 01:18:36,508 --> 01:18:39,052 So much the better. Sign. 832 01:18:41,805 --> 01:18:43,891 The party knows about this. 833 01:18:45,684 --> 01:18:49,271 "For these dealings, 834 01:18:49,938 --> 01:18:55,235 Noel Field paid me the sum of" -- 835 01:18:55,319 --> 01:18:57,112 How much? 836 01:18:57,195 --> 01:19:01,617 Not "for these dealings" but "during these dealings." 837 01:19:01,700 --> 01:19:05,787 It was to pay my sanatorium expenses. The party knew. 838 01:19:05,871 --> 01:19:08,498 Who said it didn't? So he gave you money? 839 01:19:08,582 --> 01:19:10,751 - Yes. - How much? 840 01:19:11,001 --> 01:19:12,878 I don't remember. It was five years ago. 841 01:19:12,961 --> 01:19:13,754 Walk. 842 01:19:13,837 --> 01:19:16,423 It wasn't for any dealings. 843 01:19:16,506 --> 01:19:18,717 I had contracted tuberculosis in the concentration camp. 844 01:19:21,219 --> 01:19:26,266 The party knew of Field's welfare service for deportees. 845 01:19:40,656 --> 01:19:41,990 Go on. 846 01:19:55,879 --> 01:20:01,301 How much did Field give you? 300 Swiss francs? More? Less? 847 01:20:02,135 --> 01:20:03,971 - More. - How much? 848 01:20:05,597 --> 01:20:07,224 Double, or more. 849 01:20:07,307 --> 01:20:09,977 Face the wall. 800 francs, say? 850 01:20:10,394 --> 01:20:14,439 Now we're getting the facts. That's what I want. 851 01:20:15,732 --> 01:20:17,901 "In 1947" -- 852 01:20:18,235 --> 01:20:19,861 Come closer. 853 01:20:19,945 --> 01:20:27,035 "Noel Field paid me the sum of 800 Swiss francs." 854 01:20:30,122 --> 01:20:31,790 Sign, please. 855 01:20:34,334 --> 01:20:37,087 - But the party knows. - Go ahead. 856 01:20:40,257 --> 01:20:46,471 Szöny, condemned to death in the Rajk trial, got only 300 francs. 857 01:20:46,555 --> 01:20:47,639 But mine -- 858 01:20:47,723 --> 01:20:51,476 Were for the sanatorium. No one denies that. 859 01:20:55,480 --> 01:20:57,899 "In 1947, in Switzerland, 860 01:20:57,983 --> 01:21:01,361 I had dealings with the American spy, Noel Field." 861 01:21:01,445 --> 01:21:02,654 Sign it. 862 01:21:02,738 --> 01:21:07,117 No. In 1947, I didn't know Field was a spy. 863 01:21:07,409 --> 01:21:10,829 Is Noel Field an American spy? 864 01:21:12,122 --> 01:21:16,835 Didn't the Rajk trial establish that Field was an American spy? 865 01:21:18,253 --> 01:21:23,633 This resolution voted by the party condemns the traitor Rajk. 866 01:21:23,717 --> 01:21:26,011 Did you sign the resolution? 867 01:21:27,679 --> 01:21:29,639 - As a cover -- - No! 868 01:21:31,516 --> 01:21:36,980 Did the Rajk trial establish that Field was a spy in 1947? 869 01:21:37,355 --> 01:21:41,860 Yes. But in 1947, we didn't know he was a spy. 870 01:21:41,943 --> 01:21:45,405 Let's say that in 1947 you had dealings 871 01:21:45,489 --> 01:21:49,701 with a spy unmasked in 1949? 872 01:21:51,244 --> 01:21:52,871 Say it then. 873 01:21:55,248 --> 01:21:58,001 "In 1947, in Switzerland, 874 01:21:58,085 --> 01:22:01,671 I had dealings with the American spy, Noel Field." 875 01:22:01,755 --> 01:22:06,968 Yes, but in 1947 I couldn't know what would be discovered in 1949. 876 01:22:07,052 --> 01:22:10,931 No one could foresee in 1947 that Field was a spy. 877 01:22:25,612 --> 01:22:27,656 Very good. 878 01:22:28,031 --> 01:22:33,120 Let us now consider each fact objectively. 879 01:22:33,203 --> 01:22:36,039 Later we shall consider the subjective aspect. 880 01:22:37,999 --> 01:22:43,630 Noel Field was an American spy. You had dealings with him. 881 01:22:43,713 --> 01:22:45,090 I did, because -- 882 01:22:45,549 --> 01:22:48,802 - What dealings? - I did, because -- 883 01:22:48,885 --> 01:22:52,556 Espionage. Espionage dealings. 884 01:22:52,639 --> 01:22:54,933 - Certainly not. - Admit it. 885 01:22:55,016 --> 01:22:58,145 No. I was ill and penniless, 886 01:22:58,228 --> 01:23:01,606 so I got in touch with Field's welfare service. 887 01:23:01,690 --> 01:23:04,568 I am not a social worker. 888 01:23:10,991 --> 01:23:14,703 How did you establish espionage contact with Field? 889 01:23:15,036 --> 01:23:17,330 It wasn't espionage. 890 01:23:17,414 --> 01:23:19,249 You signed these statements. 891 01:23:20,250 --> 01:23:22,252 "In 1947, in Switzerland, 892 01:23:22,335 --> 01:23:25,797 I had dealings with the American spy, Noel Field." 893 01:23:26,506 --> 01:23:32,053 "In 1947, Noel Field paid me the sum of 800 Swiss francs." 894 01:23:32,721 --> 01:23:34,347 Reconcile these facts. 895 01:23:35,182 --> 01:23:39,853 Why should an American spy pay a communist official's expenses? 896 01:23:40,312 --> 01:23:42,856 We are simply considering the facts. 897 01:23:43,356 --> 01:23:47,110 As I said, the subjective aspects... 898 01:23:49,154 --> 01:23:51,489 will be dealt with at a later stage. 899 01:23:55,619 --> 01:23:58,747 "In 1947, I had dealings with Noel Field. 900 01:23:58,830 --> 01:24:01,291 As he is an American spy" -- 901 01:24:01,374 --> 01:24:04,377 I've put it as favorably as I can -- 902 01:24:04,461 --> 01:24:10,091 "and I had dealings with him, I am objectively guilty of espionage. 903 01:24:10,175 --> 01:24:14,054 During this time, Field paid me 800 Swiss francs." 904 01:24:15,222 --> 01:24:16,806 Sign, please. 905 01:24:16,890 --> 01:24:20,518 As you see, I have eliminated subjective conditions. 906 01:24:21,394 --> 01:24:22,812 Oh, excuse me. 907 01:24:32,322 --> 01:24:34,449 The carbon too. 908 01:24:34,532 --> 01:24:36,826 That one is for translation. 909 01:24:41,665 --> 01:24:44,000 For our comrade advisers. 910 01:24:46,336 --> 01:24:47,879 I was forgetting. 911 01:24:50,632 --> 01:24:53,802 Here's a letter from your wife. 912 01:24:57,764 --> 01:24:59,975 Then you can sleep a while. 913 01:25:08,024 --> 01:25:09,109 Regulation position. 914 01:25:27,127 --> 01:25:28,295 Sit down. 915 01:25:29,004 --> 01:25:32,048 There's a little additional signature required. 916 01:25:32,132 --> 01:25:34,884 "The International Brigade volunteers 917 01:25:34,968 --> 01:25:38,555 are self-confessed Trotskyists and traitors. 918 01:25:38,638 --> 01:25:42,100 Objectively, therefore, as their leader, so am I." 919 01:25:42,183 --> 01:25:43,351 Sign, please. 920 01:25:44,686 --> 01:25:47,480 After signing, you may write to your family. 921 01:25:52,610 --> 01:26:00,201 "In the Communist Youth, I had already worked under Smirkovsky, 922 01:26:00,493 --> 01:26:07,125 whose Trotskyist past is well known." 923 01:26:07,667 --> 01:26:08,793 I never said that. 924 01:26:09,878 --> 01:26:11,588 About working with him? 925 01:26:11,880 --> 01:26:13,840 About him being a Trotskyist. 926 01:26:15,258 --> 01:26:17,052 He said that himself. 927 01:26:20,805 --> 01:26:22,182 Recognize his hand? 928 01:26:23,683 --> 01:26:27,437 It's his all right. You're merely confirming his confession. 929 01:26:34,277 --> 01:26:38,823 We and our advisers believe you were a Trotskyist before Spain. 930 01:26:38,907 --> 01:26:40,575 Why should you? 931 01:26:41,493 --> 01:26:42,994 Type this. 932 01:26:43,078 --> 01:26:48,041 In 1936, you gave shelter in your Moscow hotel 933 01:26:48,124 --> 01:26:52,879 to a man called Wagner, a Trotskyist expelled from the party. 934 01:26:52,962 --> 01:26:56,466 You expressed doubts about the Moscow trials. 935 01:26:57,967 --> 01:27:01,304 I must insert something about this. 936 01:27:01,388 --> 01:27:02,806 Come here. 937 01:27:05,058 --> 01:27:09,562 "In Moscow, I lived in a hotel where Trotskyists had been arrested." 938 01:27:09,646 --> 01:27:14,859 The president and the secretary of the party will be pleased. 939 01:27:15,610 --> 01:27:17,695 They lived there too. 940 01:27:18,238 --> 01:27:20,865 Exactly. The secretary of the -- 941 01:27:20,949 --> 01:27:23,451 The ex-secretary of the party... 942 01:27:24,661 --> 01:27:26,121 is here. 943 01:27:27,122 --> 01:27:31,126 Don't start raising your hopes. That won't exonerate you. 944 01:27:31,209 --> 01:27:35,422 On the contrary, it proves that you all got important posts 945 01:27:35,505 --> 01:27:38,883 to seize power on behalf of American imperialism. 946 01:27:39,551 --> 01:27:40,677 So you say. 947 01:27:40,760 --> 01:27:46,891 No, so he has started saying, and you will confirm what he says. 948 01:27:47,559 --> 01:27:49,227 I won't sign. 949 01:27:51,146 --> 01:27:54,065 You will... like the rest. 950 01:27:57,569 --> 01:28:00,613 Do you think this arrest was made lightly? 951 01:28:03,283 --> 01:28:06,703 The secretary corresponded with the Englishman Zilliacus 952 01:28:06,786 --> 01:28:10,957 by diplomatic pouch through your office. 953 01:28:11,040 --> 01:28:12,542 How often? 954 01:28:12,625 --> 01:28:17,464 - It concerned the peace movement. - Zilliacus was a spy. 955 01:28:17,922 --> 01:28:22,969 Add this. "I received and transmitted" -- 956 01:28:23,052 --> 01:28:25,138 How many letters? Four? Five? 957 01:28:25,221 --> 01:28:26,514 No, two. 958 01:28:28,892 --> 01:28:30,143 "Five letters." 959 01:28:33,938 --> 01:28:36,774 I'll have this translated. You can sign after. 960 01:28:48,828 --> 01:28:49,746 Put them on. 961 01:28:51,539 --> 01:28:53,082 And keep walking. 962 01:28:56,252 --> 01:28:59,297 It's been translated. Now you can sign. 963 01:29:04,677 --> 01:29:06,846 Then you can sleep. 964 01:29:08,181 --> 01:29:09,557 What the -- 965 01:29:09,641 --> 01:29:12,101 It isn't the same. Let me read it. 966 01:29:12,185 --> 01:29:13,645 Read the copy. 967 01:29:14,270 --> 01:29:15,605 It's not the same. 968 01:29:15,688 --> 01:29:17,815 It is. You're tired. 969 01:29:17,899 --> 01:29:20,109 - There was no carbon. - There was. 970 01:29:20,193 --> 01:29:22,362 - No. - Sleep now. 971 01:29:26,783 --> 01:29:30,411 From certain testimonies -- yours and others -- 972 01:29:30,495 --> 01:29:35,750 you evidently betrayed the clandestine Central Committee to the Gestapo, 973 01:29:35,833 --> 01:29:39,379 indirectly occasioning the execution of Fucik. 974 01:29:39,462 --> 01:29:43,299 Testimonies? What's all this filthy nonsense? 975 01:29:43,383 --> 01:29:46,177 We must synthesize all this material. 976 01:29:46,594 --> 01:29:51,933 You said, "I organized Klecan's repatriation from France." 977 01:29:52,642 --> 01:29:55,311 He was in your Trotskyist group in Spain. 978 01:29:55,395 --> 01:29:58,982 And you were the leader of these Trotskyists. 979 01:29:59,065 --> 01:30:01,484 - I had instructions -- - Sit down. 980 01:30:02,193 --> 01:30:06,197 I had instructions. Klecan was interned in France. 981 01:30:06,281 --> 01:30:10,326 We got him out and supplied him with papers to go home. 982 01:30:10,410 --> 01:30:14,330 And Klecan betrayed Fucik and the Central Committee. 983 01:30:14,414 --> 01:30:16,082 Under torture. 984 01:30:16,165 --> 01:30:17,500 Were you there? 985 01:30:17,875 --> 01:30:19,877 - Hearsay. - Unproven. 986 01:30:19,961 --> 01:30:26,426 Members of your group overheard you order Klecan to betray the Committee. 987 01:30:26,509 --> 01:30:29,178 - Klecan -- - We have their testimonies. 988 01:30:29,262 --> 01:30:31,764 Forget the Central Committee. 989 01:30:31,848 --> 01:30:35,184 Reicin has signed a statement about that. 990 01:30:37,312 --> 01:30:38,771 Change them. 991 01:30:40,857 --> 01:30:45,111 "In Spain, I admired the anarchist leaders... 992 01:30:46,821 --> 01:30:48,531 more than the party's." 993 01:30:48,615 --> 01:30:55,747 I won't sign that. I admired leaders like La Pasionaria, Durruti -- 994 01:31:04,172 --> 01:31:05,381 Walk. 995 01:31:15,516 --> 01:31:17,226 You were told to walk! 996 01:31:17,977 --> 01:31:20,772 We've wasted several days on this affair. 997 01:31:20,855 --> 01:31:22,899 I've put off my departure to clear things up. 998 01:31:24,817 --> 01:31:27,487 Given your anarchist activities as a youth -- 999 01:31:27,570 --> 01:31:31,449 - I had none. - You wanted to blow up a building. 1000 01:31:32,408 --> 01:31:33,493 I was 15. 1001 01:31:33,826 --> 01:31:36,162 The formative age. 1002 01:31:36,663 --> 01:31:38,915 It's only a formality. Handcuffs. 1003 01:31:39,165 --> 01:31:41,459 Not grounds for indictment. 1004 01:31:43,378 --> 01:31:46,005 These are merely administrative reports. 1005 01:31:46,297 --> 01:31:52,512 The party can be severe or lenient, irrespective of testimony. 1006 01:31:53,388 --> 01:31:56,724 Trust in the party. It's your only chance. 1007 01:32:03,481 --> 01:32:07,193 I'll have earned my leave anyway. 1008 01:32:09,070 --> 01:32:14,200 "In Spain, I knew the Titoist Dapchevich." 1009 01:32:15,827 --> 01:32:17,620 You admitted that. 1010 01:32:17,704 --> 01:32:24,377 I said I knew him, but also Luigi Longo, Pajetta, André Marty -- 1011 01:32:24,460 --> 01:32:26,421 Face the wall. 1012 01:32:27,171 --> 01:32:29,424 We're not concerned with them yet. 1013 01:32:29,507 --> 01:32:32,135 I never mentioned the word Titoist. 1014 01:32:32,218 --> 01:32:37,849 It's not a word. It's a political concept defining our enemies. 1015 01:32:37,932 --> 01:32:42,812 But in Spain, in 1937, they were Yugoslav communists, not Titoists. 1016 01:32:42,895 --> 01:32:47,734 An ex-undersecretary too. You don't know the ABC's of dialectics. 1017 01:32:47,817 --> 01:32:52,155 The past must be judged in the light of truths established today. 1018 01:32:54,282 --> 01:32:56,784 Do you know what Titoism is? 1019 01:32:57,076 --> 01:32:58,745 Say it. 1020 01:33:00,747 --> 01:33:02,999 I approved the denunciation of Titoism. 1021 01:33:03,082 --> 01:33:05,710 Then don't go back on it! 1022 01:33:05,793 --> 01:33:08,921 As Tito's minister, Dapchevich is a Titoist. 1023 01:33:12,091 --> 01:33:16,429 There'll be no sleep for you until you sign this. 1024 01:33:19,223 --> 01:33:22,894 How was your leave? - I'm back on form. 1025 01:33:23,144 --> 01:33:25,688 Good. The way things are going -- 1026 01:33:26,105 --> 01:33:29,650 Always splitting hairs. Easy to see he's a Jew. 1027 01:33:30,443 --> 01:33:34,363 How sensible of you to advise your wife to return to France. 1028 01:33:34,447 --> 01:33:36,240 It's best for her. 1029 01:33:36,699 --> 01:33:38,242 Have you seen her? 1030 01:33:39,744 --> 01:33:41,913 Why? Didn't you write to her? 1031 01:33:44,999 --> 01:33:46,542 Sit down. 1032 01:33:49,545 --> 01:33:54,926 The party requires a report synthesizing all of this 1033 01:33:55,510 --> 01:33:58,304 and reflecting your activities as a whole. 1034 01:33:58,596 --> 01:34:03,559 To save time, our comrade advisers have worked on this project. 1035 01:34:03,643 --> 01:34:06,354 - So I'm doomed. - Not at all. 1036 01:34:06,437 --> 01:34:10,817 The report is for internal use, not for the courts. 1037 01:34:10,900 --> 01:34:15,112 Look, your fellow accused have already signed, 1038 01:34:15,196 --> 01:34:17,073 and theirs are more serious. 1039 01:34:17,156 --> 01:34:20,201 "In 1947, in Geneva, I had espionage dealings 1040 01:34:20,284 --> 01:34:22,870 with the known American spy, Field. 1041 01:34:22,954 --> 01:34:27,333 In return for information given, he paid me 800 Swiss francs." 1042 01:34:28,042 --> 01:34:30,920 In return for information given? 1043 01:34:31,838 --> 01:34:33,798 But that's impossible. 1044 01:34:34,715 --> 01:34:37,593 The party approved the formulation. 1045 01:34:37,927 --> 01:34:41,347 Do likewise. Show you're a good communist. 1046 01:34:41,764 --> 01:34:43,808 And say I'm a Trotskyist spy? 1047 01:34:43,891 --> 01:34:48,187 Because you are still a communist, you have been able to confess. 1048 01:34:51,107 --> 01:34:55,444 Confession is the highest form of self-criticism. 1049 01:34:55,778 --> 01:35:00,741 And self-criticism is the principal virtue of a communist. 1050 01:35:07,456 --> 01:35:09,417 They want corrections. 1051 01:35:10,293 --> 01:35:14,922 It's your friend Hajdu. Put "Zionist" instead of "Trotskyist." 1052 01:35:16,048 --> 01:35:18,175 He's a Jew, not a Zionist. 1053 01:35:18,259 --> 01:35:23,347 In a People's Democracy, "Jew" is an insult. We'll say Zionist. 1054 01:35:24,181 --> 01:35:26,893 Zionist is a political concept. 1055 01:35:26,976 --> 01:35:30,396 "Jew" is forbidden in Russia. They say "Hebrew." 1056 01:35:31,022 --> 01:35:34,066 Say "Hebrew" then. "Zionist" isn't the same. 1057 01:35:34,400 --> 01:35:36,861 "Hebrew" doesn't sound as good. 1058 01:35:36,944 --> 01:35:40,072 Anyhow, the order is to say "Zionist." 1059 01:35:43,534 --> 01:35:45,328 Right. Let us continue. 1060 01:35:45,411 --> 01:35:49,457 No, wait. This is the report for the prosecution. 1061 01:35:49,540 --> 01:35:54,629 Afterwards, you can dictate one for the defense. 1062 01:35:59,550 --> 01:36:02,678 There never was any dossier for the defense. 1063 01:36:04,055 --> 01:36:09,393 Through repetition, words like Trotskyist or Titoist lose all meaning. 1064 01:36:09,477 --> 01:36:14,774 I'd have signed a statement saying "my one-year-old Trotskyist son." 1065 01:36:15,733 --> 01:36:17,860 The only solution was suicide. 1066 01:36:17,944 --> 01:36:19,820 I tried twice. 1067 01:36:19,904 --> 01:36:22,740 And yet you're still a communist. I don't understand. 1068 01:36:22,823 --> 01:36:24,659 No, I do. It's faith. 1069 01:36:24,742 --> 01:36:26,702 You are believers who dislike the church. 1070 01:36:26,786 --> 01:36:27,954 Which one? 1071 01:36:28,037 --> 01:36:32,416 There are several. And God is dead, so one can be a communist. 1072 01:36:32,875 --> 01:36:34,460 What happened to Field? 1073 01:36:35,544 --> 01:36:40,257 He reappeared in Hungary in 1955, released and rehabilitated. 1074 01:36:40,341 --> 01:36:43,052 He doesn't want to return to the West. 1075 01:36:43,636 --> 01:36:46,806 What was he? An American agent or a Russian agent? 1076 01:36:47,223 --> 01:36:48,808 Wait for his memoirs. 1077 01:36:49,141 --> 01:36:50,768 But why him? 1078 01:36:51,978 --> 01:36:55,231 After the Spanish war, he ran an American aid service 1079 01:36:55,314 --> 01:36:57,692 for refugees in Marseille and Geneva. 1080 01:36:57,775 --> 01:37:01,988 It was there that he helped dozens of communists. 1081 01:37:02,071 --> 01:37:08,327 He also had contact with Allen Dulles's American intelligence service in Switzerland. 1082 01:37:08,411 --> 01:37:12,873 America and Russia were allies against Hitler. 1083 01:37:12,957 --> 01:37:14,792 Then came the cold war. 1084 01:37:14,875 --> 01:37:19,213 The Americans got rid of Field for knowing communists. 1085 01:37:19,296 --> 01:37:22,800 The Russians passed him off as an American agent. 1086 01:37:23,092 --> 01:37:27,805 You were saying, after 20 months in prison -- 1087 01:37:28,305 --> 01:37:32,101 You must learn questions and answers by heart. 1088 01:37:32,518 --> 01:37:33,811 Take him away. 1089 01:37:35,479 --> 01:37:37,023 Put the blindfold on. 1090 01:37:39,191 --> 01:37:43,696 "Question: Have you told all about your conspiracy against the state?" 1091 01:37:43,779 --> 01:37:47,199 "Yes, I have held nothing back. 1092 01:37:47,283 --> 01:37:50,828 I confess my participation in the conspiracy." 1093 01:37:58,711 --> 01:38:02,965 Say your lines when he stops talking, just as we rehearsed. 1094 01:38:09,680 --> 01:38:11,891 - There you are. - He knows his lines. 1095 01:38:11,974 --> 01:38:13,267 Take that off. 1096 01:38:15,019 --> 01:38:19,148 You don't look well. How often do you exercise outside? 1097 01:38:19,774 --> 01:38:21,400 Never in 21 months. 1098 01:38:21,484 --> 01:38:25,237 Never? Luckily it's almost over now. 1099 01:38:27,406 --> 01:38:30,534 It hasn't always been easy. Put that back on. 1100 01:38:31,118 --> 01:38:35,498 You are going to see your leader and accomplices. 1101 01:38:37,124 --> 01:38:41,879 The party requires a report on this confrontation. 1102 01:38:46,133 --> 01:38:47,676 Remove the blindfold. 1103 01:38:51,055 --> 01:38:52,431 Sit down. 1104 01:38:54,016 --> 01:38:57,186 Zilliacus made frequent trips to the People's Democracies. 1105 01:38:57,269 --> 01:39:01,273 He was in contact with me here, with Gomulka in Poland, 1106 01:39:01,357 --> 01:39:04,443 with Tito and his Fascist clique in Yugoslavia, 1107 01:39:04,527 --> 01:39:07,738 with Rajk in Hungary, with Kostov in Bulgaria. 1108 01:39:07,822 --> 01:39:11,534 So we eventually found ourselves in the same trap. 1109 01:39:11,617 --> 01:39:14,954 The party secretary who had ordered the arrests 1110 01:39:15,579 --> 01:39:17,498 and the minister of Security 1111 01:39:17,581 --> 01:39:21,085 who planned the proceedings with the Soviet advisers. 1112 01:39:21,168 --> 01:39:25,548 I created the center of conspiracy against the state. 1113 01:39:25,631 --> 01:39:31,011 I learned later that the secretary had tried to commit suicide. 1114 01:39:31,095 --> 01:39:34,181 Padded walls prevented him from battering his head again. 1115 01:39:34,265 --> 01:39:40,563 Next time he was alone, he shut the door and tried to hang himself. 1116 01:39:40,646 --> 01:39:46,402 The man who found him just in time was later decorated. 1117 01:39:46,485 --> 01:39:52,074 For official posts, I appointed men who had lived in the West 1118 01:39:52,158 --> 01:39:55,119 such as Bedrich Geminder, 1119 01:39:55,202 --> 01:40:01,000 Josef Pavel, Karel Šváb and the undersecretary of Foreign Affairs. 1120 01:40:01,584 --> 01:40:04,420 Why retract here? No one will know. 1121 01:40:04,503 --> 01:40:07,923 The party requires a report on this confrontation. 1122 01:40:08,007 --> 01:40:09,967 Retraction means no hearing. 1123 01:40:10,050 --> 01:40:12,928 Survive to speak at the trial. 1124 01:40:16,515 --> 01:40:18,601 You've signed all this. 1125 01:40:21,770 --> 01:40:27,860 I was part of the conspiracy against the state led by the party secretary. 1126 01:40:28,360 --> 01:40:32,781 I headed the Trotskyist group at the Foreign Office -- 1127 01:40:36,076 --> 01:40:39,538 Stick to your lines like that 1128 01:40:39,914 --> 01:40:43,125 and you'll be able to appear at the public trial. 1129 01:40:44,585 --> 01:40:49,715 Slánský claims his role was limited to ideological leadership. 1130 01:40:49,798 --> 01:40:54,178 So did Bukharin in Moscow, but it cost him his life. 1131 01:40:56,764 --> 01:40:59,850 Learn all that now. 1132 01:41:00,309 --> 01:41:02,144 He'll help you out. 1133 01:41:02,228 --> 01:41:05,397 Prosecutor: "How many espionage letters 1134 01:41:05,481 --> 01:41:08,609 did you forward to Zilliacus?" 1135 01:41:08,943 --> 01:41:10,236 Answer. 1136 01:41:10,945 --> 01:41:15,991 Two, maybe five. I deliberately kept no records. 1137 01:41:16,367 --> 01:41:20,454 Prosecutor: "Be more precise. Mention's been made of 10 letters." 1138 01:41:20,537 --> 01:41:21,747 Answer. 1139 01:41:21,830 --> 01:41:23,916 There may have been 10. 1140 01:41:31,257 --> 01:41:32,800 Your injection. 1141 01:41:36,929 --> 01:41:38,639 It's calcium. 1142 01:41:39,890 --> 01:41:41,767 That warms you up, doesn't it? 1143 01:41:42,268 --> 01:41:46,480 You're as white as chalk. We'll have to fix that. 1144 01:41:47,773 --> 01:41:51,777 Guided by my bourgeois instinct, to further my career -- 1145 01:41:54,780 --> 01:41:57,449 Guided by my bourgeois instinct and to further -- 1146 01:41:57,533 --> 01:42:01,078 No. "Selfish." Bourgeois and selfish. 1147 01:42:03,372 --> 01:42:09,712 Guided by my bourgeois and selfish instinct, to further my career, 1148 01:42:09,795 --> 01:42:13,173 I became a cosmopolitan while in the West 1149 01:42:13,257 --> 01:42:15,801 and defected to the bourgeois camp. 1150 01:42:15,884 --> 01:42:17,928 That's very good. 1151 01:42:18,012 --> 01:42:20,848 No, it's not good at all. 1152 01:42:21,974 --> 01:42:23,851 The text is all right. 1153 01:42:23,934 --> 01:42:27,604 But you'll never convince anybody you're guilty like that. 1154 01:42:28,272 --> 01:42:31,108 Learn these 15 pages by Thursday. 1155 01:42:31,191 --> 01:42:35,237 You'll have to put in some more sincerity. 1156 01:42:36,780 --> 01:42:39,700 You're lucky to be in this trial. 1157 01:42:39,992 --> 01:42:42,328 You aren't the main defendant now. 1158 01:42:42,995 --> 01:42:46,248 For the injection? - Yes, only five more. 1159 01:42:46,332 --> 01:42:48,917 That'll give him a bit of color. 1160 01:42:50,627 --> 01:42:52,004 Take that off. 1161 01:42:55,924 --> 01:42:58,802 Dr. Novak, president of the State Tribunal. 1162 01:42:58,886 --> 01:43:01,638 Have you any previous convictions? 1163 01:43:02,222 --> 01:43:08,312 Two. In 1931 -1933 and in Paris in 1942. 1164 01:43:08,562 --> 01:43:10,189 For what reasons? 1165 01:43:10,647 --> 01:43:13,442 The first was for communist activity. 1166 01:43:13,776 --> 01:43:17,363 The second was for anti-Nazi activity. 1167 01:43:17,446 --> 01:43:19,573 Don't note that. 1168 01:43:19,865 --> 01:43:21,700 Have you a lawyer? 1169 01:43:22,201 --> 01:43:23,660 I don't want one. 1170 01:43:23,744 --> 01:43:26,705 It's the law. The state will appoint one. 1171 01:43:27,998 --> 01:43:30,250 Dr. Ruzick, your lawyer. 1172 01:43:34,463 --> 01:43:36,965 Despite the seriousness of your position, 1173 01:43:37,049 --> 01:43:40,928 I see that the state is spoiling you. 1174 01:43:41,011 --> 01:43:43,806 Stuffing me, you mean, like a goose. 1175 01:43:43,889 --> 01:43:46,308 - Pardon me? - My position is serious? 1176 01:43:46,392 --> 01:43:48,352 You risk the death penalty. 1177 01:43:48,435 --> 01:43:52,189 That is the punishment you have earned by law. 1178 01:43:52,731 --> 01:43:56,110 Your only hope of a lighter sentence 1179 01:43:56,652 --> 01:43:59,655 is to plead guilty and behave well in court. 1180 01:43:59,738 --> 01:44:02,866 What was your role in the conspiracy? 1181 01:44:02,950 --> 01:44:07,579 I confess that I furthered espionage relations 1182 01:44:07,663 --> 01:44:11,834 between the party secretary and the British agent, Zilliacus, 1183 01:44:11,917 --> 01:44:14,920 by using the diplomatic pouch. 1184 01:44:15,003 --> 01:44:21,218 I myself maintained espionage relations with the American agent, Field. 1185 01:44:21,301 --> 01:44:23,595 I've just spoken to the prosecutor. 1186 01:44:24,805 --> 01:44:28,725 In his opinion, your case is the least serious. 1187 01:44:30,310 --> 01:44:32,187 A maximum of 15 years. 1188 01:44:32,271 --> 01:44:35,899 I told you, you're lucky to be in this trial. 1189 01:44:36,442 --> 01:44:40,779 But you must behave well, or your family will suffer. 1190 01:44:43,031 --> 01:44:47,286 The minister of Security wants to see you. 1191 01:44:54,084 --> 01:44:58,881 I appeal to you in the name of the party and the president. 1192 01:44:58,964 --> 01:45:01,467 Stick to your statement in court. 1193 01:45:01,967 --> 01:45:04,595 You will do the party a great service. 1194 01:45:04,678 --> 01:45:07,431 The situation is serious, war threatens. 1195 01:45:07,514 --> 01:45:11,059 The party expects you to be guided by its interests. 1196 01:45:11,143 --> 01:45:13,145 It'll be held in your favor. 1197 01:45:13,228 --> 01:45:18,650 Your family will not suffer the consequences of this trial. 1198 01:45:20,235 --> 01:45:24,573 The evening before the trial, they brought me a new suit from home. 1199 01:45:31,538 --> 01:45:33,790 Don't forget the tie. 1200 01:45:35,626 --> 01:45:37,753 - These ones? - Yes. 1201 01:45:45,469 --> 01:45:48,514 - Will he be freed soon? - I don't know, madam. 1202 01:45:49,765 --> 01:45:51,266 Is he coming home? 1203 01:45:51,350 --> 01:45:55,854 They fetched my brother's things too. Maybe they'll be home tonight. 1204 01:45:55,938 --> 01:45:57,981 Off to school, children. 1205 01:46:40,107 --> 01:46:42,150 SAVE SACCO AND VANZETTI 1206 01:48:06,360 --> 01:48:09,571 We later learned that, since conditions were icy, 1207 01:48:09,655 --> 01:48:12,783 the ashes of the executed men 1208 01:48:12,866 --> 01:48:17,079 were simply scattered on the roads. 1209 01:48:17,162 --> 01:48:19,289 The driver had his little joke. 1210 01:48:22,250 --> 01:48:25,420 Fourteen people in one car! 1211 01:48:25,837 --> 01:48:28,256 Us and the 11 in the sacks! 1212 01:49:40,912 --> 01:49:42,873 The court is in session. 1213 01:49:42,956 --> 01:49:46,376 Accused, has the delay stipulated by law 1214 01:49:46,460 --> 01:49:49,421 to precede your appearance been respected? 1215 01:49:51,089 --> 01:49:56,636 I advise the accused to follow the indictment and proceedings closely. 1216 01:49:57,053 --> 01:50:00,974 I ask them to benefit from their right to express opinions. 1217 01:50:01,057 --> 01:50:06,563 I remind them of their right to defend themselves as they see fit. 1218 01:50:07,564 --> 01:50:10,650 The public prosecutor. 1219 01:50:14,112 --> 01:50:18,283 The inquiry conducted by the minister of Security 1220 01:50:18,366 --> 01:50:21,620 has established that, after the Second World War, 1221 01:50:21,703 --> 01:50:24,456 in an attempt to secure world domination, 1222 01:50:24,539 --> 01:50:29,878 the American imperialists organized a conspiracy against peace. 1223 01:50:30,253 --> 01:50:34,382 They created clandestine centers in the People's Democracies 1224 01:50:34,466 --> 01:50:36,927 composed of corrupt elements. 1225 01:50:37,010 --> 01:50:39,387 I accuse them as traitors, 1226 01:50:39,471 --> 01:50:44,893 Trotskyists, Titoists, Zionists and enemies of the people 1227 01:50:45,393 --> 01:50:50,649 of conspiring in the service of the American imperialists 1228 01:50:50,732 --> 01:50:54,736 and under the leadership of Western intelligence agencies 1229 01:50:54,820 --> 01:50:59,783 to break our alliance with the Soviet Union, 1230 01:50:59,866 --> 01:51:01,743 to overthrow the regime 1231 01:51:01,827 --> 01:51:06,706 and to restore capitalism by impeding socialist construction. 1232 01:51:08,041 --> 01:51:12,420 But although the conspirators and their leader 1233 01:51:12,504 --> 01:51:17,467 succeeded in occupying important posts in both party and state, 1234 01:51:17,551 --> 01:51:21,346 they did not manage, unlike Tito in Yugoslavia, 1235 01:51:21,429 --> 01:51:25,851 to usurp power and attain their criminal ends. 1236 01:51:25,934 --> 01:51:29,896 Thanks to our people's loyalty to the Soviet Union, 1237 01:51:29,980 --> 01:51:32,774 the conspiracy was broken. 1238 01:51:33,024 --> 01:51:37,362 On the basis of these facts, the accused: 1239 01:51:38,280 --> 01:51:41,449 Former secretary of the party, of Jewish origin. 1240 01:51:41,908 --> 01:51:45,453 Former head of Department of International Relations, 1241 01:51:45,537 --> 01:51:46,830 of Jewish origin. 1242 01:51:47,247 --> 01:51:50,709 Former head of Economic Department, of Jewish origin. 1243 01:51:51,334 --> 01:51:54,379 Former assistant secretary, Czech. 1244 01:51:54,838 --> 01:51:57,883 Former minister of Foreign Affairs, Slovak. 1245 01:51:58,383 --> 01:52:02,053 Former undersecretary of National Defense, of Jewish origin. 1246 01:52:02,637 --> 01:52:05,348 Former undersecretary of Security, Czech. 1247 01:52:05,682 --> 01:52:07,475 Of Jewish origin -- 1248 01:52:07,559 --> 01:52:12,147 Of Jewish origin, both former undersecretaries of Foreign Affairs. 1249 01:52:12,230 --> 01:52:13,398 Of Jewish origin -- 1250 01:52:13,481 --> 01:52:18,153 Of Jewish origin, both former undersecretaries of Foreign Trade. 1251 01:52:18,612 --> 01:52:21,907 Of Jewish origin, former secretary of Finance. 1252 01:52:22,240 --> 01:52:26,411 Of Jewish origin, former secretary of the Regional Committee. 1253 01:52:26,745 --> 01:52:30,999 Of Jewish origin, former editor of the party newspaper. 1254 01:52:31,416 --> 01:52:34,920 All these I accuse of having -- 1255 01:52:35,003 --> 01:52:40,717 For three hours, absolute silence reigned as the indictment was read. 1256 01:52:41,217 --> 01:52:42,594 We were being filmed, 1257 01:52:42,844 --> 01:52:46,222 soon to be displayed in cinemas. 1258 01:52:47,432 --> 01:52:49,476 The court will adjourn. 1259 01:53:07,077 --> 01:53:08,536 Sit down. 1260 01:53:10,080 --> 01:53:11,456 Cigarette? 1261 01:53:13,124 --> 01:53:14,334 Coffee? 1262 01:53:16,670 --> 01:53:17,796 Are you okay? 1263 01:53:17,879 --> 01:53:20,090 - Vitamins. - Sit down. 1264 01:53:22,300 --> 01:53:23,927 Is it going well? 1265 01:53:36,022 --> 01:53:37,190 Drink that. 1266 01:53:39,985 --> 01:53:42,028 It's a political expedient. 1267 01:53:42,112 --> 01:53:45,198 Open your mouth, these are vitamins. 1268 01:53:46,908 --> 01:53:49,202 Do you need anything? 1269 01:53:51,621 --> 01:53:55,625 The president hopes you will acquit yourselves well. 1270 01:54:00,922 --> 01:54:02,799 Did you give him some coffee? 1271 01:54:24,446 --> 01:54:25,655 All right? 1272 01:54:30,243 --> 01:54:32,162 I've been making inquiries. 1273 01:54:33,872 --> 01:54:36,249 There will be no death sentences. 1274 01:54:36,332 --> 01:54:40,795 What the party needs is not heads but a top-level political trial. 1275 01:54:41,171 --> 01:54:46,051 Any death sentences will be purely for the sake of form. 1276 01:54:47,093 --> 01:54:49,387 If anyone retracts in court, 1277 01:54:49,471 --> 01:54:53,475 the microphone will be cut off 1278 01:54:54,059 --> 01:54:57,187 and the 20 prosecution witnesses will testify. 1279 01:55:18,541 --> 01:55:19,918 It's mine. 1280 01:55:25,381 --> 01:55:26,674 The court is in session. 1281 01:55:31,054 --> 01:55:37,602 We are resuming live transmission of the conspiracy trial. 1282 01:55:37,685 --> 01:55:39,979 You are about to hear the testimony 1283 01:55:40,063 --> 01:55:42,732 of the former undersecretary of Security. 1284 01:55:43,108 --> 01:55:48,988 The American spy, Noel Field, unmasked during the Rajk trial, 1285 01:55:49,072 --> 01:55:55,203 testified that he had formed an espionage network in our country. 1286 01:55:55,286 --> 01:55:57,872 How did you conceal what you knew of this? 1287 01:55:57,956 --> 01:56:01,835 When we realized we could not suppress his evidence, 1288 01:56:01,918 --> 01:56:06,297 I ordered a formal inquiry to be made. 1289 01:56:06,714 --> 01:56:10,385 I warned those involved to prepare their defense. 1290 01:56:10,844 --> 01:56:15,598 There's a slight change in the text to be learned. 1291 01:56:19,894 --> 01:56:24,315 You're next. Let's hear the beginning of your statement. 1292 01:56:24,858 --> 01:56:27,068 - I know it perfectly. - Question: 1293 01:56:27,443 --> 01:56:30,989 What led you to become an active enemy of the state? 1294 01:56:31,906 --> 01:56:35,827 I was raised in a bourgeois milieu, estranged from -- 1295 01:56:35,910 --> 01:56:37,912 Do you want an interpreter? 1296 01:56:39,622 --> 01:56:42,834 Do you understand the questions and can you reply? 1297 01:56:44,252 --> 01:56:46,588 What school were you at? 1298 01:56:46,671 --> 01:56:49,048 The German school in Ostrava. 1299 01:56:49,424 --> 01:56:53,136 - What is your first language? - German. 1300 01:56:53,219 --> 01:56:56,181 Do you know German really well? 1301 01:56:56,264 --> 01:56:58,683 I haven't spoken it for a long time. 1302 01:56:59,434 --> 01:57:02,979 So you know no language well. 1303 01:57:03,229 --> 01:57:05,732 You are a typical cosmopolitan. 1304 01:57:05,815 --> 01:57:08,818 What was your attitude to the workers? 1305 01:57:13,156 --> 01:57:14,991 I was indifferent. 1306 01:57:20,747 --> 01:57:22,874 Did you understand the question? 1307 01:57:23,625 --> 01:57:28,296 What was your attitude to the workers? 1308 01:57:45,188 --> 01:57:48,691 I was indifferent to the interests of the workers. 1309 01:57:51,194 --> 01:57:55,531 I was indifferent to the interests of the workers. 1310 01:57:56,115 --> 01:57:58,368 I never felt affinity with them. 1311 01:57:59,035 --> 01:58:02,080 Their national interests were alien to me. 1312 01:58:02,330 --> 01:58:04,332 Your turn soon. 1313 01:58:04,415 --> 01:58:07,835 Remember, everything depends on your attitude. 1314 01:58:08,127 --> 01:58:10,630 I was raised in a bourgeois milieu, 1315 01:58:11,589 --> 01:58:14,425 estranged from the workers. 1316 01:58:14,926 --> 01:58:18,137 Guided by my bourgeois instinct -- 1317 01:58:19,639 --> 01:58:21,015 bourgeois and selfish, 1318 01:58:21,099 --> 01:58:26,604 to further my career, I was changed by 11 years in the West. 1319 01:58:26,688 --> 01:58:30,900 I became a cosmopolitan and defected to the bourgeois camp. 1320 01:58:30,984 --> 01:58:34,570 I confess I have been guilty of actively participating, 1321 01:58:34,654 --> 01:58:38,908 from 1948 to the day of my arrest, 1322 01:58:38,992 --> 01:58:41,953 in the conspiracy against the state. 1323 01:58:42,036 --> 01:58:45,373 I acknowledge my guilt in having furthered -- 1324 01:58:46,582 --> 01:58:49,627 That man on the radio isn't my father, is he? 1325 01:58:49,961 --> 01:58:52,046 I told them at school he wasn't. 1326 01:58:54,841 --> 01:58:56,551 You go to bed too. 1327 01:59:00,805 --> 01:59:05,268 ...espionage relations with the British agent, Zilliacus, 1328 01:59:05,351 --> 01:59:10,732 by using the diplomatic pouch at the Foreign Office. 1329 01:59:11,899 --> 01:59:16,404 I myself also maintained espionage relations 1330 01:59:16,487 --> 01:59:19,782 with the American agent, Noel Field, 1331 01:59:19,866 --> 01:59:22,618 supplying him with espionage information. 1332 01:59:27,749 --> 01:59:32,670 My wife decided to write of her despair and confusion 1333 01:59:32,754 --> 01:59:35,465 to the president, whom she knew. 1334 01:59:37,050 --> 01:59:39,927 We shall read you the letter sent to the president by Londonova, 1335 01:59:40,011 --> 01:59:45,850 wife of one of the traitors on trial. 1336 01:59:46,517 --> 01:59:50,313 "President Gottwald. After my husband's arrest, 1337 01:59:50,396 --> 01:59:54,817 knowing what I did of his life and his activities, 1338 01:59:55,109 --> 01:59:57,320 I thought him the victim of traitors 1339 01:59:57,403 --> 02:00:01,908 using him to shield their own criminal activities. 1340 02:00:02,408 --> 02:00:08,206 Unfortunately, after hearing the indictment and his confession, 1341 02:00:08,289 --> 02:00:10,458 my hopes crumbled. 1342 02:00:10,541 --> 02:00:14,796 My husband was no victim, but a traitor to our party 1343 02:00:14,879 --> 02:00:16,798 and a traitor to his country. 1344 02:00:16,881 --> 02:00:19,801 My grief is great, naturally. 1345 02:00:19,884 --> 02:00:21,469 But as a communist, 1346 02:00:21,552 --> 02:00:26,474 I must be thankful for this unmasking 1347 02:00:26,557 --> 02:00:29,811 and join all sincere comrades 1348 02:00:29,894 --> 02:00:33,064 in demanding just punishment for these traitors." 1349 02:00:46,577 --> 02:00:50,039 As ex-factory director, I can leave early. 1350 02:00:51,624 --> 02:00:53,376 Because of me. 1351 02:00:54,001 --> 02:00:55,795 You should never have hired me. 1352 02:00:56,254 --> 02:01:00,007 No, I'm not of working-class origin 1353 02:01:00,091 --> 02:01:02,802 and I was in the West during the war. 1354 02:01:04,429 --> 02:01:10,268 I don't blame you at all. I know you are sincere. 1355 02:01:10,643 --> 02:01:13,104 But you were wrong to write that letter. 1356 02:01:13,604 --> 02:01:17,775 I wrote it to the president and not for public broadcasting. 1357 02:01:18,276 --> 02:01:21,904 But you heard him plead guilty. 1358 02:01:21,988 --> 02:01:28,202 I heard a great deal too much, and all of it rings false. 1359 02:01:28,286 --> 02:01:30,788 They're reciting lessons. 1360 02:01:31,247 --> 02:01:33,249 I don't believe in this trial. 1361 02:01:33,332 --> 02:01:37,378 Why would the party hold it if it weren't true? 1362 02:01:37,462 --> 02:01:40,923 - There have been precedents. - Precisely. 1363 02:01:41,007 --> 02:01:43,885 The whole thing smacks of anti-Semitism. 1364 02:01:43,968 --> 02:01:45,636 It's intolerable. 1365 02:01:46,762 --> 02:01:49,682 Yesterday's heroes becoming spies and traitors -- 1366 02:01:49,765 --> 02:01:52,143 I can't accept it. 1367 02:01:52,518 --> 02:01:54,854 I'm handing in my party card. 1368 02:01:55,771 --> 02:01:57,815 You realize what that means? 1369 02:01:59,275 --> 02:02:04,280 But why should he confess, a man like him? 1370 02:02:04,363 --> 02:02:05,823 Well, he -- 1371 02:02:07,825 --> 02:02:09,952 I hope he'll tell us one day. 1372 02:02:13,414 --> 02:02:16,167 When I heard the indictment, 1373 02:02:16,501 --> 02:02:21,380 I analyzed once more Reicin's activities during the occupation 1374 02:02:21,964 --> 02:02:26,344 and concluded that he must have betrayed to the Gestapo 1375 02:02:26,427 --> 02:02:30,431 Julius Fucik and the clandestine Central Committee. 1376 02:02:30,515 --> 02:02:33,976 Forget the Central Committee. 1377 02:02:34,060 --> 02:02:37,104 That's all in Reicin's statement, already signed. 1378 02:02:37,188 --> 02:02:41,400 I would like to recall Fucik's last words. 1379 02:02:43,653 --> 02:02:46,739 "Whoever has lived for the future 1380 02:02:47,698 --> 02:02:52,537 and fallen for its beauty is a figure hewn in stone. 1381 02:02:52,870 --> 02:02:56,123 But he who, with the dust of the past, 1382 02:02:56,207 --> 02:03:01,796 tries to build a dam against revolution, is but a puppet, 1383 02:03:01,879 --> 02:03:04,590 even though wearing epaulettes of gold. 1384 02:03:05,174 --> 02:03:10,930 Men, whom I loved so, be vigilant." 1385 02:03:19,689 --> 02:03:23,776 The testimony of Fucikova, widow of the Resistance hero, 1386 02:03:23,859 --> 02:03:27,530 made an indelible impression on the judges. 1387 02:03:28,030 --> 02:03:30,825 The leader of the conspiracy said, 1388 02:03:30,908 --> 02:03:35,162 "Our conspiracy against the state comprised hundreds of members." 1389 02:03:35,246 --> 02:03:36,872 A big task lies ahead for the judges. 1390 02:03:36,956 --> 02:03:38,207 - Coming? - Yes. 1391 02:03:38,291 --> 02:03:39,834 I'll continue. 1392 02:03:39,917 --> 02:03:45,923 These three benches tremble under the weight of crimes committed. 1393 02:03:46,299 --> 02:03:49,010 This leader should be seen by all. 1394 02:03:49,302 --> 02:03:54,473 His red hair, his Judas eyebrows, his furtive eyes 1395 02:03:54,557 --> 02:03:58,394 crushed under the huge weight of his crimes. 1396 02:03:58,477 --> 02:04:02,773 A dead man. A dog should die a dog's death. 1397 02:04:04,317 --> 02:04:06,027 The court is in session. 1398 02:04:06,110 --> 02:04:11,198 In 1939, I established espionage contacts in London. 1399 02:04:11,282 --> 02:04:12,700 With whom? 1400 02:04:12,783 --> 02:04:15,578 With the American agent Emanuel Voska 1401 02:04:15,661 --> 02:04:17,872 to whom I gave information 1402 02:04:17,955 --> 02:04:22,418 concerning communist cells in England. 1403 02:04:23,294 --> 02:04:24,879 Carry on. 1404 02:04:24,962 --> 02:04:31,010 I also had dealings with the intelligence agent Hamson, 1405 02:04:31,344 --> 02:04:36,057 who summoned me in December, 1944, 1406 02:04:36,140 --> 02:04:40,853 to a meeting at the Ministry of Information. 1407 02:05:02,041 --> 02:05:04,877 ...at the British Ministry of Information, 1408 02:05:05,336 --> 02:05:09,131 concerning my subversive activities 1409 02:05:10,549 --> 02:05:12,343 in our country -- 1410 02:05:24,355 --> 02:05:27,983 in our country after it was liberated. 1411 02:05:47,294 --> 02:05:49,547 Return to your place. 1412 02:05:52,091 --> 02:05:53,926 Court adjourned. 1413 02:06:27,418 --> 02:06:32,506 In ridiculing justice, you confirm your activity as an imperialist lackey. 1414 02:06:34,467 --> 02:06:36,635 It will cost you your life. 1415 02:06:37,636 --> 02:06:38,971 Traitor. 1416 02:06:40,264 --> 02:06:41,932 Don't leave him. 1417 02:06:43,809 --> 02:06:46,604 He gambled his life away. 1418 02:06:50,357 --> 02:06:53,277 He did it on purpose. 1419 02:06:53,360 --> 02:06:56,906 He'll pay for making a mockery of the trial. 1420 02:07:15,132 --> 02:07:17,009 The court is in session. 1421 02:07:17,718 --> 02:07:19,970 Rise to receive sentence. 1422 02:07:24,308 --> 02:07:28,813 From November 20 to 27, 1952, the State Tribunal has heard 1423 02:07:28,896 --> 02:07:34,360 the proceedings concerning the leaders of the conspiracy against the state. 1424 02:07:35,569 --> 02:07:38,322 In the name of the Republic, 1425 02:07:38,405 --> 02:07:40,282 sentence of death -- 1426 02:07:40,366 --> 02:07:42,451 sentence of death -- 1427 02:07:42,535 --> 02:07:44,411 sentence of death -- 1428 02:07:54,213 --> 02:07:57,007 In the name of the Republic, 1429 02:07:57,383 --> 02:08:01,762 sentence of life imprisonment -- 1430 02:08:01,846 --> 02:08:03,347 life imprisonment -- 1431 02:08:03,430 --> 02:08:05,349 life imprisonment. 1432 02:08:08,143 --> 02:08:11,313 The accused are granted time 1433 02:08:11,897 --> 02:08:14,859 to consult their lawyers 1434 02:08:14,942 --> 02:08:17,570 as to whether to accept these sentences. 1435 02:08:17,653 --> 02:08:21,615 Likewise, the court reserves its rights. 1436 02:08:22,449 --> 02:08:24,702 Court adjourned. 1437 02:08:51,896 --> 02:08:53,606 Where's my interrogator? 1438 02:08:59,361 --> 02:09:01,155 Where are our interrogators? 1439 02:09:06,410 --> 02:09:08,162 Where's my interrogator? 1440 02:09:10,581 --> 02:09:14,251 I want to see my interrogator. Go get him. 1441 02:09:14,960 --> 02:09:16,837 Where have our interrogators gone? 1442 02:09:16,921 --> 02:09:18,881 Where are the interrogators? 1443 02:09:20,174 --> 02:09:21,175 I'll appeal. 1444 02:09:21,258 --> 02:09:23,010 I want to appeal too. 1445 02:09:23,469 --> 02:09:25,304 Me too. 1446 02:09:25,387 --> 02:09:26,889 - So do I. - We must. 1447 02:09:26,972 --> 02:09:28,474 Here are your lawyers. 1448 02:09:35,064 --> 02:09:39,443 There are truckloads of resolutions demanding death for all of you. 1449 02:09:39,526 --> 02:09:44,114 The international situation is deteriorating. World war is looming. 1450 02:09:44,198 --> 02:09:47,576 With Eisenhower elected, the party needs you. 1451 02:09:48,118 --> 02:09:51,872 If you appeal, then so will the court. 1452 02:09:53,040 --> 02:09:54,750 And that means hanging. 1453 02:09:55,376 --> 02:09:58,712 Comrade countries are demanding your death. 1454 02:09:58,796 --> 02:10:03,926 If you accept the court's decision, you will be pardoned. 1455 02:10:04,259 --> 02:10:07,471 The party needs a trial, not your heads. 1456 02:10:08,847 --> 02:10:10,808 The court is in session. 1457 02:10:11,308 --> 02:10:14,645 Accused, do you accept your sentences? 1458 02:10:15,396 --> 02:10:19,984 I accept and renounce my right to appeal. 1459 02:10:20,401 --> 02:10:24,488 I accept and renounce my right to appeal. 1460 02:10:41,755 --> 02:10:43,173 I accept 1461 02:10:43,549 --> 02:10:46,135 and renounce my right to appeal. 1462 02:11:10,743 --> 02:11:14,872 Criminally, we had all been rehabilitated by 1963. 1463 02:11:15,497 --> 02:11:18,667 Politically, some of us remain unrehabilitated. 1464 02:11:19,293 --> 02:11:23,255 Why did no one retract at the trial in front of the journalists? 1465 02:11:23,797 --> 02:11:28,886 Because only triumphant adversaries of communism would have believed us. 1466 02:11:28,969 --> 02:11:32,973 You were freed and rehabilitated in 1963? 1467 02:11:33,057 --> 02:11:36,769 No, I was freed in 1956, but it's more complicated. 1468 02:11:37,644 --> 02:11:42,816 A year after Stalin's death, the minister of Security, Beria, 1469 02:11:42,900 --> 02:11:46,153 and certain advisers were executed in Russia. 1470 02:11:46,820 --> 02:11:51,408 In 1955, a commission began to investigate the trials. 1471 02:11:51,492 --> 02:11:54,536 Kohoutek's gang were imprisoned. 1472 02:11:54,912 --> 02:11:57,081 We survivors remained in prison. 1473 02:11:58,749 --> 02:12:01,794 Two years later, Kohoutek was pardoned, 1474 02:12:01,877 --> 02:12:05,130 whereas many of his victims 1475 02:12:05,214 --> 02:12:07,883 lingered on in prison for two or three years. 1476 02:12:19,186 --> 02:12:21,063 Don't you remember me? 1477 02:12:22,272 --> 02:12:24,358 What happened to us? 1478 02:12:26,318 --> 02:12:28,362 Do you understand it at all? 1479 02:12:28,445 --> 02:12:32,616 You know, when you were freed in 1956, I was in prison! 1480 02:12:33,117 --> 02:12:38,038 Those who gave the orders then are still in power. 1481 02:12:38,122 --> 02:12:39,915 I followed orders. 1482 02:12:39,998 --> 02:12:43,669 I expect I was under surveillance too. 1483 02:12:43,752 --> 02:12:46,171 May I offer you a drink? 1484 02:12:46,839 --> 02:12:49,424 How's your wife? All right? 1485 02:12:49,800 --> 02:12:54,471 I know she did a lot for you, here and in France, 1486 02:12:54,555 --> 02:12:57,641 after realizing you were innocent. 1487 02:12:58,016 --> 02:12:59,977 How's your health? 1488 02:13:00,060 --> 02:13:02,229 You must take care of yourself. 1489 02:13:03,063 --> 02:13:06,108 I've found a nice, quiet job. 1490 02:13:06,358 --> 02:13:08,652 They won't catch me again. 1491 02:13:10,529 --> 02:13:12,948 I'm happy for you. 1492 02:13:15,325 --> 02:13:18,996 April 1968 1493 02:13:19,079 --> 02:13:24,001 Do you want to keep this Kohoutek story? 1494 02:13:27,504 --> 02:13:31,633 "What happened to us? Do you understand it at all?" 1495 02:13:39,349 --> 02:13:43,520 August 20, 1968 1496 02:13:44,229 --> 02:13:46,190 I read it all night. 1497 02:13:49,026 --> 02:13:50,986 Is he really going to publish? 1498 02:13:51,069 --> 02:13:54,698 Not me, the Union of Czechoslovak Writers. 1499 02:13:54,781 --> 02:13:56,325 They're awaiting the manuscript. 1500 02:13:56,408 --> 02:13:58,452 The situation is still troubled, you know. 1501 02:13:58,535 --> 02:14:00,120 The imperialist forces are mounting. 1502 02:14:00,204 --> 02:14:04,082 You may bring grist -- - To the enemy's mill. I know! 1503 02:14:04,166 --> 02:14:07,085 You'll at least take me to the airport? 1504 02:14:08,295 --> 02:14:10,255 I'm not alone now. 1505 02:14:10,339 --> 02:14:14,259 The party wants the truth told, despite certain difficulties. 1506 02:14:14,343 --> 02:14:16,887 - I hope we won't regret it. - Good-bye, my dear. 1507 02:14:17,387 --> 02:14:21,266 Of course, they'll say, "I wouldn't have confessed." 1508 02:14:21,350 --> 02:14:24,519 They'll wonder why I'm still alive. 1509 02:14:24,603 --> 02:14:28,899 But at least I'm not alone now. The party and I speak together. 1510 02:14:35,072 --> 02:14:37,074 In January, 1968, 1511 02:14:37,157 --> 02:14:41,828 the reactionary forces were removed from the party. 1512 02:14:41,912 --> 02:14:44,206 A new era began in Czechoslovakia. 1513 02:14:44,289 --> 02:14:45,999 The people found their voices again 1514 02:14:46,083 --> 02:14:50,921 after years of silence, passivity, indifference or scorn. 1515 02:14:51,004 --> 02:14:56,969 This was the proof that socialism lies in the liberty of the masses. 1516 02:14:57,886 --> 02:15:01,556 But the day I arrived in Prague, 1517 02:15:01,640 --> 02:15:05,269 I had to witness my country invaded by 600,000 men 1518 02:15:05,894 --> 02:15:09,731 and 6,000 tanks of the Warsaw Pact powers. 1519 02:16:37,235 --> 02:16:39,363 USSR - YOURS CSR - OURS 1520 02:16:51,625 --> 02:16:55,212 WAKE UP, LENIN! BREZHNEV'S GONE MAD! 1521 02:17:06,139 --> 02:17:19,528 ARISE, LENIN! THEY'VE GONE MAD!