1 00:00:10,959 --> 00:00:14,000 (wind blowing) 2 00:00:14,083 --> 00:00:19,834 (ice cracking) 3 00:00:29,166 --> 00:00:34,792 (wind blowing) 4 00:00:44,166 --> 00:00:49,750 (wind blowing) 5 00:00:59,750 --> 00:01:05,166 (wind blowing) 6 00:01:14,291 --> 00:01:19,458 (wind blowing) 7 00:01:29,458 --> 00:01:34,458 ♪ ♪ 8 00:01:46,125 --> 00:01:52,000 ♪ ♪ 9 00:02:02,041 --> 00:02:07,041 ♪ ♪ 10 00:02:15,250 --> 00:02:18,750 ♪ ♪ 11 00:02:24,542 --> 00:02:25,917 DOUG (over TV): Over in the Eastern Arctic, 12 00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:27,417 contact between the Eskimo 13 00:02:27,500 --> 00:02:29,250 and the white man has been limited. 14 00:02:29,333 --> 00:02:31,792 The Eskimo still lives as a hunter and trapper, 15 00:02:31,875 --> 00:02:34,959 though he uses some of the white man's tools and weapons. 16 00:02:35,041 --> 00:02:37,917 But with new developments like the DEW Line Airlift, 17 00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:42,250 these Eskimos are faced with disturbing changes. 18 00:02:42,333 --> 00:02:44,875 The site for the new town is close to a good supply 19 00:02:44,959 --> 00:02:46,542 of clean fresh water, 20 00:02:46,625 --> 00:02:49,083 leading to an excellent landing beach. 21 00:02:49,166 --> 00:02:51,291 But most important of all, the Eskimos, 22 00:02:51,375 --> 00:02:53,500 a sea culture people, like it. 23 00:02:53,583 --> 00:02:57,625 From here they can look to the sea. 24 00:03:01,250 --> 00:03:03,625 How do we help the Eskimo consider tomorrow, 25 00:03:03,709 --> 00:03:05,458 to feel good about the future? 26 00:03:05,542 --> 00:03:07,458 How does he feel about his changing life? 27 00:03:07,542 --> 00:03:08,959 Well, let's ask him. 28 00:03:09,542 --> 00:03:10,667 Which would you rather be doing, 29 00:03:10,750 --> 00:03:12,709 hunting and trapping or working at the base? 30 00:03:13,542 --> 00:03:16,125 MAN (over TV): I think better to hunt. 31 00:03:16,208 --> 00:03:17,458 DOUG (over TV): Hunting better? 32 00:03:17,542 --> 00:03:19,458 Do you get much chance to go out hunting now? 33 00:03:19,542 --> 00:03:20,959 MAN (over TV): No. 34 00:03:21,041 --> 00:03:22,917 DOUG (over TV): Not very much. How 'bout you Jacobie? 35 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:24,250 Which would you rather be doing? 36 00:03:24,333 --> 00:03:26,333 MAN (over TV): Oh, I'd, I'd rather hunt. 37 00:03:26,417 --> 00:03:29,875 DOUG (over TV): Like the others, Davide expressed a preference 38 00:03:29,959 --> 00:03:31,667 for the hunting and trapping life. 39 00:03:31,750 --> 00:03:34,125 Like the others, he was unable to say why. 40 00:03:34,208 --> 00:03:37,166 You and I may see the obvious reasons. 41 00:03:37,250 --> 00:03:39,333 But the Eskimos do not yet think as we do. 42 00:03:39,417 --> 00:03:41,834 They look with nostalgia to the life of the hunter, 43 00:03:41,917 --> 00:03:43,083 the old way. 44 00:03:43,166 --> 00:03:45,500 But they feel a subconscious sense of security 45 00:03:45,583 --> 00:03:47,125 in the new way. 46 00:03:47,208 --> 00:03:49,542 The basic change is in progress. 47 00:03:53,291 --> 00:03:55,291 (wind blowing) 48 00:04:04,375 --> 00:04:06,208 (radio chatter) 49 00:04:08,792 --> 00:04:10,709 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): Polar bear and seal. 50 00:04:10,792 --> 00:04:14,750 This part is polar bear, this part is seal. 51 00:04:20,625 --> 00:04:23,250 Oh! These are my uncle's. 52 00:04:26,750 --> 00:04:29,500 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): They fit just fine. 53 00:04:31,542 --> 00:04:33,041 There's... (laughs) 54 00:04:40,166 --> 00:04:41,333 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): When I was little, 55 00:04:41,417 --> 00:04:45,375 I always see the hunters go away for hunting. 56 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:50,709 I always imagined what they were doing out there. 57 00:04:51,792 --> 00:04:56,041 What it was like to see what they have seen. 58 00:05:03,875 --> 00:05:09,208 ♪ ♪ 59 00:05:17,125 --> 00:05:21,333 (speaking native language) 60 00:05:21,417 --> 00:05:24,208 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I'm just happy that I was born here. 61 00:05:24,583 --> 00:05:25,667 (speaking native language) 62 00:05:25,750 --> 00:05:27,834 Let's go, let's go, let's go, let's go. 63 00:05:30,875 --> 00:05:35,125 If I was an American, I would maybe be working now, 64 00:05:35,208 --> 00:05:37,291 and I would be stressed. 65 00:05:38,917 --> 00:05:41,542 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): How can I be stressed? 66 00:05:42,709 --> 00:05:44,000 Look at the nature. 67 00:05:48,500 --> 00:05:52,125 I don't have to wear a watch when I'm hunting. 68 00:05:52,208 --> 00:05:56,000 I'm just me, my dogs. 69 00:05:56,083 --> 00:05:58,917 Just live. 70 00:06:01,000 --> 00:06:03,709 (speaking native language) 71 00:06:09,333 --> 00:06:12,083 (snow crunching) 72 00:06:19,917 --> 00:06:25,125 (whining) 73 00:06:28,041 --> 00:06:33,041 (speaking native language) 74 00:06:35,542 --> 00:06:40,375 (speaking native language) 75 00:06:49,125 --> 00:06:52,709 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I have been living with the hunters 76 00:06:52,792 --> 00:06:55,583 for a few years now. 77 00:06:58,291 --> 00:07:01,875 I have been learning from my uncle. 78 00:07:01,959 --> 00:07:05,083 (speaking native language) 79 00:07:05,166 --> 00:07:08,000 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): He's one of the great hunters. 80 00:07:11,709 --> 00:07:13,875 I call them the great hunters, 81 00:07:13,959 --> 00:07:19,917 the hunters that knows the ice, 82 00:07:20,875 --> 00:07:26,834 the weather, hunting all their lives. 83 00:07:33,458 --> 00:07:35,834 It's, it's a life I want to live. 84 00:07:40,208 --> 00:07:42,125 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I'm not raised as a hunter. 85 00:07:45,834 --> 00:07:50,959 When I was about eight, we moved to Nuuk. 86 00:07:52,750 --> 00:07:56,917 1999, we moved to Denmark. 87 00:07:59,542 --> 00:08:04,917 When I was in Denmark and Nuuk, I had always homesick. 88 00:08:11,208 --> 00:08:14,000 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): My mother, 89 00:08:14,083 --> 00:08:18,792 I was in school down south when she was killed. 90 00:08:20,291 --> 00:08:26,375 So, I couldn't go back to school. 91 00:08:26,458 --> 00:08:30,375 I tried, but I couldn't concentrate so I came back here. 92 00:08:36,583 --> 00:08:39,250 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I got a job here. 93 00:08:39,333 --> 00:08:42,750 I worked for a few years. 94 00:08:44,709 --> 00:08:47,667 Then one of my uncles, he was leaving, 95 00:08:47,750 --> 00:08:49,458 and he had two dogs. 96 00:08:49,542 --> 00:08:54,208 And, he asked me if, if I wanted them. 97 00:08:55,166 --> 00:08:56,458 I just said yes. 98 00:08:56,542 --> 00:09:00,583 I was not thinking so much to become a hunter, 99 00:09:00,667 --> 00:09:04,834 but the female 100 00:09:04,917 --> 00:09:08,458 began to have small puppies. 101 00:09:10,750 --> 00:09:14,875 Before I knew it, I had seven dogs. 102 00:09:18,250 --> 00:09:21,000 So, that's where I decided I have to try this 103 00:09:21,083 --> 00:09:22,959 before it's too late. 104 00:09:23,875 --> 00:09:28,750 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): Hey, hey, hey. 105 00:09:30,291 --> 00:09:33,333 (speaking native language) 106 00:09:39,083 --> 00:09:41,834 (speaking native language) 107 00:09:49,834 --> 00:09:51,834 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): The sound travels longer, 108 00:09:51,917 --> 00:09:56,000 and the sled will be making too much noise. 109 00:09:57,667 --> 00:10:00,583 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): So, he's gonna go very far so it, 110 00:10:00,667 --> 00:10:02,834 the seal doesn't wake up. 111 00:10:06,500 --> 00:10:09,750 It will be a better chance for him to catch it. 112 00:10:14,083 --> 00:10:17,583 ♪ ♪ 113 00:10:22,208 --> 00:10:23,750 (speaking native language) 114 00:10:29,583 --> 00:10:35,291 ♪ ♪ 115 00:10:44,875 --> 00:10:48,417 ♪ ♪ 116 00:10:57,000 --> 00:11:02,458 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): We cut it the way that it has been passed from hunter to 117 00:11:02,542 --> 00:11:05,458 hunter for generations. 118 00:11:05,542 --> 00:11:09,250 Every hunter get a share from the seal. 119 00:11:10,709 --> 00:11:14,375 It depends on how many hunters are hunting together. 120 00:11:16,792 --> 00:11:20,000 They are rules. 121 00:11:23,375 --> 00:11:28,667 This is tradition that has been on for many, many years. 122 00:11:35,709 --> 00:11:38,959 We are not killing animals just to kill them, 123 00:11:39,041 --> 00:11:44,291 but to eat them, to use their skins. 124 00:11:48,750 --> 00:11:52,250 Without animals, we cannot survive. 125 00:11:57,709 --> 00:12:02,166 ♪ ♪ 126 00:12:07,250 --> 00:12:10,625 We are not above the nature. 127 00:12:11,417 --> 00:12:14,750 We are not above the animals. 128 00:12:16,625 --> 00:12:21,667 ♪ ♪ 129 00:12:23,500 --> 00:12:27,542 (wind blowing) 130 00:12:36,208 --> 00:12:42,000 ♪ ♪ 131 00:12:48,625 --> 00:12:51,667 (honking) 132 00:12:59,750 --> 00:13:05,417 ♪ ♪ 133 00:13:14,750 --> 00:13:18,583 ♪ ♪ 134 00:13:25,667 --> 00:13:28,750 EVA (off-screen): The Pikialasorsuaq is a huge, 135 00:13:28,834 --> 00:13:35,417 vast area that is so rich in all kinds of animals. 136 00:13:39,500 --> 00:13:45,792 It is a place where animals and birds go for birthing. 137 00:13:49,500 --> 00:13:52,792 OKALIK (off-screen): The seals, the beluga, the narwhale, 138 00:13:52,875 --> 00:13:56,375 the polar bear, the fish. 139 00:14:00,291 --> 00:14:02,959 It's considered one of the most bio-diverse areas 140 00:14:03,041 --> 00:14:04,834 in the Arctic. 141 00:14:14,291 --> 00:14:17,000 The polar bears hunt the seals, the seals eat the fish. 142 00:14:17,083 --> 00:14:20,333 So, it's all a natural cycle. 143 00:14:27,959 --> 00:14:32,709 EVA (off-screen): We need to protect the environment that we depend on 144 00:14:35,041 --> 00:14:38,834 and protect the area that is so vulnerable 145 00:14:38,917 --> 00:14:41,583 from the outside world. 146 00:14:47,417 --> 00:14:52,417 (splashing) 147 00:15:00,542 --> 00:15:03,625 THEO: He's looking at me, that bugger! 148 00:15:04,458 --> 00:15:07,417 (laughs) 149 00:15:11,125 --> 00:15:12,625 Oh, ho, ho. 150 00:15:15,291 --> 00:15:20,041 The ice that had formed this winter allows this to happen. 151 00:15:21,959 --> 00:15:25,417 He's not looking at us as a food source, whereas 152 00:15:25,500 --> 00:15:28,208 some years, for example four years ago 153 00:15:28,291 --> 00:15:32,583 I was dragged around by one of these, trying to kill me. 154 00:15:37,125 --> 00:15:40,333 We're no higher than the polar bear. 155 00:15:40,417 --> 00:15:42,709 The polar bear is on top of the food chain. 156 00:15:42,792 --> 00:15:44,625 We're just equivalent. 157 00:15:52,500 --> 00:15:54,208 With the sea ice diminishing 158 00:15:56,166 --> 00:15:59,583 the whole food chain is affected right up to the top. 159 00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:08,583 ♪ ♪ 160 00:16:12,834 --> 00:16:15,250 We had been doing wildlife management 161 00:16:15,333 --> 00:16:19,458 prior to European influence coming to this part of the world. 162 00:16:25,166 --> 00:16:28,417 And if the world looked after the environment 163 00:16:28,500 --> 00:16:32,000 as most aboriginal cultures have been doing 164 00:16:33,709 --> 00:16:36,917 then the world would be so much further ahead. 165 00:16:45,250 --> 00:16:51,041 ♪ ♪ 166 00:16:53,625 --> 00:16:57,917 ♪ ♪ 167 00:17:03,959 --> 00:17:06,500 The Inuk today, the young Inuk, 168 00:17:06,583 --> 00:17:09,625 doesn't fare as well as the old Inuk 169 00:17:09,709 --> 00:17:12,542 in the hardy environment that you have to live in. 170 00:17:22,583 --> 00:17:28,458 MAATALII (off-screen): Sometimes I say that I was born in the wrong era. 171 00:17:30,041 --> 00:17:32,375 LEENA: Always look around, always. 172 00:17:32,458 --> 00:17:33,709 -MAATALII: Yeah. -LEENA: Yeah. 173 00:17:33,792 --> 00:17:35,667 Don't just look down. 174 00:17:35,750 --> 00:17:38,625 Always look around. 175 00:17:44,041 --> 00:17:46,333 MAATALII (off-screen): My parents' generation was a generation 176 00:17:46,417 --> 00:17:50,583 who was completely nomadic. 177 00:17:52,417 --> 00:17:56,792 But I'm that generation who didn't have that experience. 178 00:17:56,875 --> 00:17:58,542 (ringing) 179 00:17:58,625 --> 00:17:59,875 Wow! 180 00:17:59,959 --> 00:18:02,291 (laughing) 181 00:18:02,375 --> 00:18:05,667 This is what happens when you come to this hill. 182 00:18:06,250 --> 00:18:08,417 You have access. 183 00:18:09,959 --> 00:18:11,375 Crazy. 184 00:18:11,458 --> 00:18:14,709 MAATALII (off-screen): We're a biproduct of colonization. 185 00:18:17,834 --> 00:18:23,208 When I hear about the way life was before outsiders coming 186 00:18:23,291 --> 00:18:26,166 into our homeland. 187 00:18:28,709 --> 00:18:30,417 I've been told that, 188 00:18:30,500 --> 00:18:32,458 whether it's one family or a number of 189 00:18:32,542 --> 00:18:34,959 families that have come together, 190 00:18:35,041 --> 00:18:38,458 every single member of the camp had roles 191 00:18:38,542 --> 00:18:40,917 and responsibilities. 192 00:18:42,834 --> 00:18:46,208 Ultimately, they had a purpose. 193 00:18:51,959 --> 00:18:56,291 That's such a beautiful way to look at a community. 194 00:18:59,417 --> 00:19:02,083 It's really important that we remember, 195 00:19:02,166 --> 00:19:05,417 even into today whether we live in those camps or not, 196 00:19:05,500 --> 00:19:09,041 that every single one of us matters. 197 00:19:13,041 --> 00:19:16,709 Every single one of us has a purpose. 198 00:19:23,166 --> 00:19:28,667 But I'm so disconnected from that reality. 199 00:19:32,458 --> 00:19:35,458 And, that breaks me inside. 200 00:19:37,750 --> 00:19:41,208 This is a dream of mine as a young Inuk. 201 00:19:41,291 --> 00:19:44,208 I believe it's a dream of many young Inuit, 202 00:19:44,291 --> 00:19:50,834 to reclaim what I lost not growing up in my homeland. 203 00:19:56,917 --> 00:19:59,333 MAATALII (off-screen): My earliest memories of being on the land 204 00:19:59,417 --> 00:20:02,166 were in my mom's Amauti, 205 00:20:02,250 --> 00:20:06,083 in my natural environment as an Inuk. 206 00:20:07,959 --> 00:20:10,291 I was born in Iqaluit. 207 00:20:13,041 --> 00:20:17,208 But we moved to southern Canada when I was very young. 208 00:20:20,667 --> 00:20:25,041 And I moved to Ottawa as a fluent, 209 00:20:25,125 --> 00:20:28,542 strong Inuktitut speaker. 210 00:20:29,500 --> 00:20:34,667 And, I can't say that I am that now, because I'm not. 211 00:20:35,333 --> 00:20:40,041 And, so it's wild that I speak English better than 212 00:20:40,125 --> 00:20:42,583 my language, my mother tongue. 213 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:52,917 ♪ ♪ 214 00:20:55,291 --> 00:20:59,166 MAATALII (off-screen): When I moved back home, 215 00:20:59,250 --> 00:21:03,709 that's when I could start filling in that emptiness. 216 00:21:04,834 --> 00:21:10,041 (chanting) 217 00:21:15,834 --> 00:21:19,792 (chanting) 218 00:21:27,166 --> 00:21:29,000 (cheering) 219 00:21:33,375 --> 00:21:38,291 Of the 65,000 Inuit in Canada and 165,000 Inuit 220 00:21:38,375 --> 00:21:42,583 around the world, Intuit youth are the majority. 221 00:21:44,834 --> 00:21:50,291 MAATALII (off-screen): Over 50% of our population is under the age of 24. 222 00:21:51,000 --> 00:21:54,458 We're growing very quickly, 223 00:21:54,542 --> 00:21:57,625 and I always say it's because we know how to love. 224 00:21:59,333 --> 00:22:01,583 MAATALII (off-screen): We're not going anywhere. 225 00:22:01,667 --> 00:22:05,709 Ultimately, we'll be the ones living here for the next 100 years, 226 00:22:05,792 --> 00:22:09,709 200 years, 300 years and over 1,000 years 227 00:22:09,792 --> 00:22:12,291 because we've been living here for thousands of years. 228 00:22:16,417 --> 00:22:22,291 ♪ ♪ 229 00:22:28,041 --> 00:22:31,750 ♪ ♪ 230 00:22:33,959 --> 00:22:39,458 THEO: We're quite removed from the initial close relationship. 231 00:22:40,709 --> 00:22:43,458 And at one point there was no boundary. 232 00:22:46,375 --> 00:22:49,208 They had been going back and forth, back and forth. 233 00:22:49,291 --> 00:22:53,667 Canadians going this way, Greenlanders going the other way. 234 00:22:54,792 --> 00:22:59,667 This was the relationship between Greenland and Canada. 235 00:23:03,250 --> 00:23:08,667 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): When they tell stories about the generation before them, 236 00:23:08,750 --> 00:23:13,083 how they lived, it's a whole different story. 237 00:23:17,417 --> 00:23:19,417 ED (off-screen): If you read a lot of the literature of the explorers, 238 00:23:19,500 --> 00:23:22,000 they were always kind of marveled by how, how happy the 239 00:23:22,083 --> 00:23:24,333 Inuit were in a world in which we would all just think, 240 00:23:24,417 --> 00:23:25,834 "We're gonna die." 241 00:23:28,500 --> 00:23:30,166 MAATALII (off-screen): People always say, 242 00:23:30,250 --> 00:23:33,375 "What a terrible place for them to live, 243 00:23:33,458 --> 00:23:37,208 so desolate and so out of reach." 244 00:23:37,917 --> 00:23:39,333 But I think they loved it. 245 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:44,458 MAATALII (off-screen): They thrived in that environment. 246 00:23:44,542 --> 00:23:48,625 Very self-determined, very knowledgeable, very skilled. 247 00:23:51,458 --> 00:23:54,375 THEO: The hunting is similar. 248 00:23:54,458 --> 00:24:00,291 Walrus, bearded seal, ringed seal, narwhal, beluga and caribou, 249 00:24:01,959 --> 00:24:04,333 and fish. 250 00:24:06,542 --> 00:24:09,375 Everything is very similar, meaning that at one point 251 00:24:09,458 --> 00:24:12,750 they all came from one peoples. 252 00:24:15,709 --> 00:24:21,041 So the relationship was quite close, if you really look at that. 253 00:24:29,166 --> 00:24:32,000 Today the ice is not forming anymore, 254 00:24:33,709 --> 00:24:36,083 separating our bloodlines, 255 00:24:40,667 --> 00:24:45,542 separating the rich culture that we might be sharing. 256 00:24:51,083 --> 00:24:53,500 ♪ ♪ 257 00:24:56,500 --> 00:24:59,458 MAN (over TV): White men are coming to the Arctic now in ever 258 00:24:59,542 --> 00:25:01,333 increasing numbers. 259 00:25:01,417 --> 00:25:02,583 Building air strips, 260 00:25:02,667 --> 00:25:05,542 taking mineral wealth from the frozen ground, 261 00:25:05,625 --> 00:25:08,625 manning radars and air defense bases, 262 00:25:08,709 --> 00:25:11,750 which stretch across the North. 263 00:25:13,041 --> 00:25:15,792 Anna Kuluk's brother works as a carpenter. 264 00:25:15,875 --> 00:25:19,625 And his children go to a modern school. 265 00:25:19,709 --> 00:25:22,542 Here they learn about the outside world, 266 00:25:22,625 --> 00:25:25,000 which the Eskimo knew so little of 267 00:25:25,083 --> 00:25:28,166 until only a few years ago. 268 00:25:29,709 --> 00:25:33,083 There are few Eskimos in the whole Arctic now 269 00:25:33,166 --> 00:25:36,709 who do not have some contact with the white man. 270 00:25:36,792 --> 00:25:41,041 They are adopting his dress, speech and ways rapidly. 271 00:25:49,834 --> 00:25:54,125 ♪ ♪ 272 00:26:03,750 --> 00:26:05,500 MAATALII (off-screen): There certainty has been a breakdown 273 00:26:05,583 --> 00:26:08,417 of our way of life. 274 00:26:11,959 --> 00:26:15,750 And the onus is now on us, as youth, 275 00:26:15,834 --> 00:26:20,583 to revitalize that relationship that we have with our culture, 276 00:26:20,667 --> 00:26:21,875 language, traditions, 277 00:26:21,959 --> 00:26:24,166 and our environment. 278 00:26:25,291 --> 00:26:28,333 (speaking native language) 279 00:26:29,125 --> 00:26:32,959 MAATALII: My dream is for us to reach the same level of 280 00:26:33,041 --> 00:26:37,208 self-determination the day before an outsider came 281 00:26:37,291 --> 00:26:38,417 into our homeland. 282 00:26:38,583 --> 00:26:40,000 (laughs) 283 00:26:40,083 --> 00:26:41,375 We'll radio you. 284 00:26:41,458 --> 00:26:42,458 Don't forget the... 285 00:26:42,542 --> 00:26:45,291 (speaking native language) 286 00:26:46,917 --> 00:26:48,959 Have a good day. 287 00:26:49,959 --> 00:26:55,208 MAATALII (off-screen): Today I work at the Piruvik Center to create more access 288 00:26:55,291 --> 00:26:59,583 and opportunity for Inuit youth to be able to learn 289 00:26:59,667 --> 00:27:04,125 our language and our traditional practices. 290 00:27:08,291 --> 00:27:12,250 Inuit youth want to learn more because it helps us understand 291 00:27:12,333 --> 00:27:15,750 who we are and where we came from and what strengths 292 00:27:15,834 --> 00:27:20,083 our ancestors had so we too can be strong. 293 00:27:20,667 --> 00:27:25,458 (speaking native language) 294 00:27:25,542 --> 00:27:29,250 MAATALII (off-screen): We put our elders at such a high level 295 00:27:29,333 --> 00:27:33,709 because they are our knowledge keepers, they are our guidance. 296 00:27:33,792 --> 00:27:34,792 MAN (over radio): Calmly. 297 00:27:34,875 --> 00:27:35,875 Mainly sunny. 298 00:27:35,959 --> 00:27:38,458 Temperature high of 17 degrees... 299 00:27:38,542 --> 00:27:42,792 MAATALII (off-screen): And, I have teachers all around me who continue to 300 00:27:42,875 --> 00:27:45,333 teach me about my culture. 301 00:27:47,709 --> 00:27:49,208 So, I call her my... 302 00:27:49,291 --> 00:27:50,750 (speaking native language) 303 00:27:50,834 --> 00:27:52,417 and she calls me her... 304 00:27:52,500 --> 00:27:53,709 (speaking native language) 305 00:27:54,208 --> 00:27:57,625 LEENA: She carries that namesake pretty strongly. 306 00:27:58,625 --> 00:28:00,625 MAATALII: She's one of my teachers 307 00:28:00,709 --> 00:28:04,291 and I learn so much from her. 308 00:28:05,208 --> 00:28:06,917 Heating some snow. 309 00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:08,208 LEENA: Yeah, it's not gonna melt there, 310 00:28:08,291 --> 00:28:09,542 it's gonna have to be there. 311 00:28:09,625 --> 00:28:11,625 I'll do it in a minute. 312 00:28:11,709 --> 00:28:14,250 -MAATALII: Okay. -LEENA: You have to open that. 313 00:28:14,333 --> 00:28:17,750 MAATALII (off-screen): I can just imagine but never understand what it was like 314 00:28:17,834 --> 00:28:21,125 for my grandfather's generation. 315 00:28:23,667 --> 00:28:26,375 When people talk about colonization, they're like, 316 00:28:26,458 --> 00:28:29,166 "Oh that happened hundreds of years go," you know? 317 00:28:29,250 --> 00:28:32,250 But for us, in Inuit homeland, 318 00:28:32,333 --> 00:28:35,583 colonization happened to my grandparents. 319 00:28:35,667 --> 00:28:37,417 LEENA: My, no, also to me. 320 00:28:37,500 --> 00:28:38,709 MAATALII (off-screen): Yes. 321 00:28:38,792 --> 00:28:44,709 LEENA: I'm the, my generation is the first generation, um, 322 00:28:44,792 --> 00:28:48,542 to be totally taken away from home. 323 00:28:54,500 --> 00:28:58,542 ED (off-screen): I don't think we can underestimate how profound an impact 324 00:28:58,625 --> 00:29:04,542 past policies have been on the Arctic peoples. 325 00:29:07,125 --> 00:29:08,834 In the 1950s, for example, 326 00:29:08,917 --> 00:29:12,875 the government was very concerned about sovereignty in the Arctic. 327 00:29:21,333 --> 00:29:26,667 ♪ ♪ 328 00:29:36,000 --> 00:29:38,375 THEO: Igloolik, 1938. 329 00:29:39,166 --> 00:29:41,417 Hall beach, 1959. 330 00:29:42,458 --> 00:29:45,750 Qaanaaq, 1950. 331 00:29:48,792 --> 00:29:51,583 The governments said, "you now live here." 332 00:29:51,667 --> 00:29:53,417 They had to live there. 333 00:29:53,500 --> 00:29:57,500 So it's not by choice that they started living in these communities. 334 00:30:00,500 --> 00:30:05,083 JOHN (off-screen): My family were relocated from Northern Quebec 335 00:30:05,166 --> 00:30:08,542 to the high Arctic in 1953, 336 00:30:09,458 --> 00:30:13,959 a distance of about 2,000 kilometers. 337 00:30:17,583 --> 00:30:22,417 The change from Northern Quebec to the high Arctic was different 338 00:30:22,500 --> 00:30:24,291 and much more harsh. 339 00:30:26,583 --> 00:30:29,959 JOHN (off-screen): We were told that it was for our own good, 340 00:30:30,041 --> 00:30:34,417 but we found that very hard to believe. 341 00:30:36,500 --> 00:30:40,875 I remember being treated not as human beings, 342 00:30:40,959 --> 00:30:46,834 but as something less than human beings. 343 00:30:49,834 --> 00:30:53,959 I remember the lies they told. 344 00:30:55,959 --> 00:30:59,625 I get very emotional when I 345 00:30:59,709 --> 00:31:04,375 recount the, the experience. 346 00:31:09,208 --> 00:31:14,125 ♪ ♪ 347 00:31:19,417 --> 00:31:20,500 ED (off-screen): They had their hair cut, 348 00:31:20,583 --> 00:31:23,500 they were told not to speak their own language. 349 00:31:25,083 --> 00:31:28,333 They tried to turn them into white people. 350 00:31:30,250 --> 00:31:32,542 It just wasn't right. 351 00:31:34,667 --> 00:31:39,000 THEO: I was literally taken from the grasp of my mother by a priest 352 00:31:41,917 --> 00:31:45,083 and dragged off to residential school for seven years. 353 00:31:50,667 --> 00:31:54,917 Abuses were being done to the students. 354 00:31:57,625 --> 00:31:59,041 Physical, 355 00:31:59,125 --> 00:32:00,625 mental, 356 00:32:01,625 --> 00:32:04,750 and at sometimes sexual. 357 00:32:06,834 --> 00:32:08,542 ED (off-screen): In many ways, it was a 358 00:32:08,625 --> 00:32:11,959 social experiment that went horribly wrong. 359 00:32:16,792 --> 00:32:20,333 And we're living with that now. 360 00:32:28,709 --> 00:32:34,542 ♪ ♪ 361 00:32:44,375 --> 00:32:50,208 ♪ ♪ 362 00:33:00,875 --> 00:33:06,792 ♪ ♪ 363 00:33:15,417 --> 00:33:18,792 HEATHER (off-screen): With great change comes great opportunity. 364 00:33:19,667 --> 00:33:21,709 As that sea ice diminishes, 365 00:33:21,792 --> 00:33:24,750 we're seeing great interest in shipping. 366 00:33:25,875 --> 00:33:29,583 MAN (off-screen): Korea has a keen interest in the Arctic sea routes. 367 00:33:29,709 --> 00:33:35,041 MAN: The prospects for Arctic business developments are getting better. 368 00:33:35,542 --> 00:33:37,250 MAN: If a shorter route opens up, 369 00:33:37,750 --> 00:33:40,083 we want to know about it. 370 00:33:42,000 --> 00:33:44,041 HEATHER (off-screen): Shorter shipping times means 371 00:33:44,125 --> 00:33:46,834 goods get to market faster. 372 00:33:47,583 --> 00:33:50,291 All of this is a benefit to nations 373 00:33:50,375 --> 00:33:52,792 that are investing in it. 374 00:33:52,875 --> 00:33:55,458 You'll see more Chinese icebreakers, 375 00:33:55,542 --> 00:33:58,583 even maybe Chinese submarines in the Arctic. 376 00:34:00,917 --> 00:34:04,375 The Russians and the Chinese have one of the most ambitious 377 00:34:04,458 --> 00:34:07,125 economic visions for the Arctic. 378 00:34:08,875 --> 00:34:11,500 If they want to Arctic to be developed, 379 00:34:11,583 --> 00:34:13,625 they will focus their resources, 380 00:34:13,709 --> 00:34:15,083 and they will develop it. 381 00:34:18,291 --> 00:34:24,250 ♪ ♪ 382 00:34:31,250 --> 00:34:36,208 ♪ ♪ 383 00:34:46,208 --> 00:34:51,667 (wind blowing) 384 00:34:51,750 --> 00:34:54,542 WOMAN (over TV): Good afternoon, (inaudible). 385 00:35:01,458 --> 00:35:04,083 ALEQATSIAQ: This is almost like a Kool-Aid. 386 00:35:13,125 --> 00:35:16,291 (water running) 387 00:35:22,458 --> 00:35:28,083 (dog barking) 388 00:35:32,250 --> 00:35:35,208 (speaking native language) 389 00:35:37,542 --> 00:35:41,166 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I can maybe look a little bit clumsy sometimes. 390 00:35:41,250 --> 00:35:45,542 (speaking native language) 391 00:35:54,250 --> 00:35:59,333 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): It's going to be a problem if I'm going to be a hunter. 392 00:36:01,041 --> 00:36:04,458 Because when you are a hunter you have to be able to stand still, 393 00:36:04,542 --> 00:36:07,667 stand quiet on the sea ice. 394 00:36:08,959 --> 00:36:12,291 You have to be very good with your hands. 395 00:36:17,709 --> 00:36:21,417 (wind blowing) 396 00:36:26,250 --> 00:36:29,667 It began with my finger. 397 00:36:30,166 --> 00:36:34,834 At first it was only my finger, then my leg. 398 00:36:38,875 --> 00:36:43,417 The muscle is retracting off and on all the time. 399 00:36:49,083 --> 00:36:51,000 I have tried to go to the doctor 400 00:36:51,083 --> 00:36:53,875 to try to find out what it was. 401 00:36:54,750 --> 00:37:00,166 They don't know, so I may have to meet a neurological doctor 402 00:37:00,250 --> 00:37:03,667 to fully understand what it is. 403 00:37:07,667 --> 00:37:11,083 It's going to be a problem if it gets worse. 404 00:37:16,291 --> 00:37:20,041 ♪ ♪ 405 00:37:24,208 --> 00:37:28,417 (speaking native language) 406 00:37:28,500 --> 00:37:31,750 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): Maybe it will get better. 407 00:37:33,959 --> 00:37:35,875 I have to have a purpose in my life. 408 00:37:35,959 --> 00:37:38,834 I have to do something in my life. 409 00:37:38,917 --> 00:37:42,208 (speaking native language) 410 00:37:50,875 --> 00:37:56,834 ♪ ♪ 411 00:38:02,166 --> 00:38:06,667 (cracking) 412 00:38:15,041 --> 00:38:18,417 I want you to listen to the cracking sound. 413 00:38:22,792 --> 00:38:27,166 I can see the ice is like a wave, moving like a wave. 414 00:38:28,125 --> 00:38:31,917 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): If they become too big it will begin to break the ice. 415 00:38:32,000 --> 00:38:34,333 And the ice will just snap. 416 00:38:38,583 --> 00:38:43,792 In these last years, to be a hunter has become very hard. 417 00:38:48,041 --> 00:38:50,125 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): The old hunting grounds, 418 00:38:50,208 --> 00:38:52,500 like where they used to hunt. 419 00:38:52,583 --> 00:38:54,458 MAN (off-screen): Yeah. 420 00:38:55,375 --> 00:38:58,333 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): We cannot reach them anymore. 421 00:39:01,125 --> 00:39:03,125 They are just history now. 422 00:39:10,458 --> 00:39:12,375 MAN (off-screen): Let's go! 423 00:39:12,458 --> 00:39:17,125 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I think there will still be ice while I'm alive. 424 00:39:17,208 --> 00:39:22,166 But everything is changing. 425 00:39:26,333 --> 00:39:31,875 ♪ ♪ 426 00:39:34,625 --> 00:39:39,750 (water running) 427 00:39:44,208 --> 00:39:48,125 ♪ ♪ 428 00:39:51,750 --> 00:39:54,875 EVA (off-screen): The Inuit from Greenland and Canada, 429 00:39:54,959 --> 00:39:57,834 are so much dependent upon the animals that come 430 00:39:57,917 --> 00:40:00,500 from the Pikialasorsuaq area. 431 00:40:01,875 --> 00:40:07,041 The cost of living and cost of food in the north is so high, 432 00:40:07,125 --> 00:40:11,709 so the people in the communities perpetually have 433 00:40:11,792 --> 00:40:16,875 to supplement their meals each day from what they hunt. 434 00:40:18,625 --> 00:40:21,583 WOMAN (over TV): $12 for a carton of orange juice, 435 00:40:21,667 --> 00:40:23,542 this is everyday life in Nunavut. 436 00:40:23,625 --> 00:40:26,083 A Conference Board of Canada report says more than a 437 00:40:26,166 --> 00:40:28,709 quarter of the people living in the territory don't have 438 00:40:28,792 --> 00:40:32,291 affordable access to food, let alone nutritious food. 439 00:40:32,375 --> 00:40:36,375 But food security experts say the situation is actually much worse, 440 00:40:36,458 --> 00:40:39,417 affecting almost half of Nunavut's population. 441 00:40:44,625 --> 00:40:49,041 MAATALII (off-screen): This is the Nunavut country food store here in Iqaluit. 442 00:40:49,125 --> 00:40:52,250 It's really important to me because this is where I can 443 00:40:52,333 --> 00:40:56,625 buy locally harvested country food that we Inuit prefer to 444 00:40:56,709 --> 00:40:59,917 eat over store bought food that is shipped up 445 00:41:00,000 --> 00:41:02,041 by plane from the south. 446 00:41:02,709 --> 00:41:06,250 MAATALII (off-screen): I wish there were more options like this in our local stores 447 00:41:06,333 --> 00:41:09,417 because we have such amazing food that we can harvest. 448 00:41:09,500 --> 00:41:13,125 And I know that many people want to be full time hunters 449 00:41:13,208 --> 00:41:14,625 and fishermen. 450 00:41:15,583 --> 00:41:19,750 Today, I'm looking for some Iqaluk, arctic char. 451 00:41:19,834 --> 00:41:21,834 It's my favorite thing to eat. 452 00:41:23,667 --> 00:41:26,500 I've been told that, because of a warming arctic, 453 00:41:26,583 --> 00:41:31,583 that our char, which is usually this red, 454 00:41:31,667 --> 00:41:35,959 is now becoming this color because of what they're eating instead, 455 00:41:36,041 --> 00:41:38,417 more of those small white fish. 456 00:41:39,125 --> 00:41:40,959 Yes! 457 00:41:42,166 --> 00:41:45,542 This is how it's supposed to be. Look it! 458 00:41:45,625 --> 00:41:46,959 MAN (off-screen): They look a lot healthier, right. 459 00:41:47,041 --> 00:41:48,291 MAATALII: Yeah! 460 00:41:52,417 --> 00:41:56,917 ♪ ♪ 461 00:42:03,500 --> 00:42:06,875 ED (off-screen): If we do nothing as we've done in the past, 462 00:42:06,959 --> 00:42:10,458 and just sort of let thing happen, 463 00:42:11,542 --> 00:42:12,959 we're gonna lose some species. 464 00:42:13,041 --> 00:42:14,125 There's no question about it. 465 00:42:17,000 --> 00:42:19,041 ED (off-screen): We're going to see migration patterns 466 00:42:19,125 --> 00:42:22,041 alter very dramatically. 467 00:42:24,250 --> 00:42:26,166 It's gonna be a very, very different place. 468 00:42:26,250 --> 00:42:29,250 It's going to be unrecognizable. 469 00:42:39,333 --> 00:42:43,792 (speaking native language) 470 00:42:49,500 --> 00:42:51,709 (speaking native language) 471 00:42:53,583 --> 00:42:55,125 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): All the hunters, 472 00:42:55,208 --> 00:42:59,208 some of them tells me, uh, the animals are polluted. 473 00:43:00,792 --> 00:43:05,917 In their fat, they can see some rot that isn't supposed to be there. 474 00:43:11,834 --> 00:43:15,125 It's kind of disturbing. 475 00:43:17,250 --> 00:43:19,208 Sometimes I don't want to eat the meat. 476 00:43:19,291 --> 00:43:21,792 But I have to eat it. 477 00:43:23,291 --> 00:43:25,834 And our dogs have to eat it also. 478 00:43:27,875 --> 00:43:32,333 That's how we live, uh, we eat what we hunt. 479 00:43:33,542 --> 00:43:35,583 (speaking native language) 480 00:43:45,625 --> 00:43:50,542 (snow crunching) 481 00:43:55,458 --> 00:43:58,959 ♪ ♪ 482 00:44:02,667 --> 00:44:05,083 ♪ Here come Johnny singing oldies, goldies. ♪ 483 00:44:05,166 --> 00:44:07,417 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): Before I became a hunter, 484 00:44:07,500 --> 00:44:12,000 I worked as a manager in the bar. 485 00:44:17,333 --> 00:44:18,750 63. 486 00:44:18,875 --> 00:44:23,291 A few months ago, the owner asked me if I could help out. 487 00:44:23,375 --> 00:44:25,458 So I did. 488 00:44:25,542 --> 00:44:27,875 (laughing) 489 00:44:28,959 --> 00:44:33,375 (speaking native language) 490 00:44:40,375 --> 00:44:42,875 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I cannot say what 491 00:44:42,959 --> 00:44:46,917 I'm going to be doing ten years from now. 492 00:44:51,709 --> 00:44:56,208 Our culture has changed so fast. 493 00:45:03,291 --> 00:45:05,041 It might be one of the reasons 494 00:45:05,125 --> 00:45:09,959 that we get lost in our life here, now. 495 00:45:13,417 --> 00:45:16,834 We get, uh, confused. 496 00:45:21,875 --> 00:45:25,834 I have, uh, several friends that, uh, 497 00:45:25,917 --> 00:45:29,875 that, that has committed suicide here. 498 00:45:31,875 --> 00:45:35,458 For me it's three or four. 499 00:45:39,333 --> 00:45:43,542 For me, yeah, that was very close to me. 500 00:45:52,917 --> 00:45:55,709 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I don't know if it's going to become better. 501 00:45:55,792 --> 00:45:59,041 But... 502 00:45:59,125 --> 00:46:03,875 everything change in this life, so. 503 00:46:11,583 --> 00:46:14,875 MAN (over TV): Once called the creator's unfinished world, 504 00:46:14,959 --> 00:46:19,375 the Arctic is just now emerging into the 20th century. 505 00:46:21,166 --> 00:46:23,750 The oil men and the miners have found little here 506 00:46:23,792 --> 00:46:26,500 but a promise and a challenge. 507 00:46:28,083 --> 00:46:30,083 There have been few big strikes. 508 00:46:30,166 --> 00:46:33,750 But like the men who came before them, like Frobisher, 509 00:46:33,834 --> 00:46:35,625 Hudson, Franklin, and Peary, 510 00:46:35,709 --> 00:46:38,458 they have helped to open up this land. 511 00:46:40,166 --> 00:46:42,083 The prize they seek is great, 512 00:46:42,166 --> 00:46:45,500 the price we pay may be greater still. 513 00:46:51,542 --> 00:46:53,291 ED (off-screen): In the past we could do pretty much whatever 514 00:46:53,375 --> 00:46:55,291 we wanted in the Arctic. 515 00:46:55,375 --> 00:46:59,125 Some companies were getting a dollar-ten back for every 516 00:46:59,208 --> 00:47:00,667 dollar they invested. 517 00:47:00,750 --> 00:47:02,625 And, they just went wild. 518 00:47:04,500 --> 00:47:07,500 ED (off-screen): You know, they laid waste to good parts of the Arctic. 519 00:47:11,625 --> 00:47:15,750 ♪ ♪ 520 00:47:24,875 --> 00:47:28,125 And now the rest of the world has suddenly realized that 521 00:47:28,208 --> 00:47:34,166 this is the last frontier we can exploit for a variety of purposes. 522 00:47:36,375 --> 00:47:39,291 A quarter of all of the unexploited oil and gas 523 00:47:39,375 --> 00:47:42,375 reserves in the world are located in the Arctic. 524 00:47:43,083 --> 00:47:45,959 The rest of the world really, really needs those resources. 525 00:47:46,041 --> 00:47:47,834 And, they're untapped. 526 00:47:49,500 --> 00:47:53,208 HEATHER (off-screen): There'll be new, non-arctic actors from Saudi Arabia 527 00:47:53,291 --> 00:47:57,000 and even, potentially, India looking for those energy resources. 528 00:47:57,083 --> 00:48:02,000 We're seeing increased in military operations in the Arctic, 529 00:48:02,083 --> 00:48:04,834 more port infrastructure, more mining. 530 00:48:04,917 --> 00:48:08,333 And so states are quickly working to try to figure out 531 00:48:08,417 --> 00:48:09,667 the best approach. 532 00:48:11,375 --> 00:48:14,208 ED (off-screen): Future economies are staking themselves on what 533 00:48:14,291 --> 00:48:15,500 happens in the Arctic. 534 00:48:15,583 --> 00:48:17,333 So the million-dollar question is, 535 00:48:17,417 --> 00:48:19,500 is this going to be the wild west and we're just gonna 536 00:48:19,583 --> 00:48:21,125 let everybody do whatever they want? 537 00:48:30,333 --> 00:48:35,875 ♪ ♪ 538 00:48:45,375 --> 00:48:51,333 ♪ ♪ 539 00:48:54,709 --> 00:48:57,834 ♪ ♪ 540 00:49:01,959 --> 00:49:07,041 THEO: What happens on the land affects what happens in the sea. 541 00:49:10,959 --> 00:49:14,250 What happens in the sea affects what happens on the land. 542 00:49:17,667 --> 00:49:22,041 It's all very intricately interconnected. 543 00:49:32,500 --> 00:49:36,542 In a sense we're just trying to gain back what we have lost... 544 00:49:47,750 --> 00:49:52,709 the continuation of life in the Arctic as it has always been known, 545 00:49:59,583 --> 00:50:01,875 and how it should be. 546 00:50:03,500 --> 00:50:05,417 ♪ ♪ 547 00:50:15,083 --> 00:50:20,458 ♪ ♪ 548 00:50:30,458 --> 00:50:36,375 ♪ ♪ 549 00:50:45,959 --> 00:50:51,875 ♪ ♪ 550 00:50:56,250 --> 00:50:58,000 (splashes) 551 00:51:07,792 --> 00:51:13,667 ♪ ♪ 552 00:51:23,417 --> 00:51:29,375 ♪ ♪ 553 00:51:38,959 --> 00:51:44,667 ♪ ♪ 554 00:51:55,625 --> 00:52:00,041 (chewing) 555 00:52:10,041 --> 00:52:16,000 ♪ ♪ 556 00:52:19,500 --> 00:52:21,208 (thunder cracking) 557 00:52:26,750 --> 00:52:32,208 (horn honking) 558 00:52:36,625 --> 00:52:40,083 (horn honking) 559 00:52:50,041 --> 00:52:53,291 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I have been here for five days now. 560 00:52:55,125 --> 00:52:57,959 I went to the doctor to see what, 561 00:52:58,041 --> 00:53:00,208 what's wrong with me. 562 00:53:05,208 --> 00:53:09,375 If they can fix it, I can keep hunting. 563 00:53:11,792 --> 00:53:15,083 WOMAN: Does it get worse when you are under stress? 564 00:53:15,709 --> 00:53:16,959 ALEQATSIAQ: It does. 565 00:53:17,917 --> 00:53:24,291 When I feel confident enough I don't really notice it as much, 566 00:53:24,417 --> 00:53:27,625 so I don't think about it. 567 00:53:28,166 --> 00:53:29,667 WOMAN (off-screen): Okay. 568 00:53:34,041 --> 00:53:37,917 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I'm still waiting for, for the answer. 569 00:53:41,917 --> 00:53:46,375 I hope they can do something about it. 570 00:53:54,709 --> 00:53:57,583 If it's getting worse, then I have to think about, 571 00:53:57,667 --> 00:54:00,542 to do other things than hunting. 572 00:54:03,000 --> 00:54:05,875 I can become a 'tom tom drunk.' 573 00:54:05,959 --> 00:54:08,250 No, I'm just kidding! (laughs) 574 00:54:12,625 --> 00:54:17,750 ♪ ♪ 575 00:54:22,583 --> 00:54:25,834 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): This is something you cannot control. 576 00:54:30,542 --> 00:54:33,250 If you cannot change it, then that's how it is. 577 00:54:33,333 --> 00:54:34,834 But if you can change it, 578 00:54:34,917 --> 00:54:38,166 then you have to do something about it. 579 00:54:41,208 --> 00:54:43,333 ♪ ♪ 580 00:54:50,875 --> 00:54:54,500 MAATALII (off-screen): Our leaders started to mobilize back in the '60s 581 00:54:54,583 --> 00:54:59,291 and '70s fighting for our rights as indigenous peoples. 582 00:54:59,375 --> 00:55:04,917 MAN: We are being misrepresented in the territorial council. 583 00:55:05,000 --> 00:55:08,625 And our organization, if it's regional 584 00:55:08,709 --> 00:55:12,959 will have more understanding of what goes on in our communities. 585 00:55:14,750 --> 00:55:18,208 MAN (over TV): Our guest is the director of the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada. 586 00:55:18,291 --> 00:55:20,917 Welcome, please, John Amagoalik. 587 00:55:21,000 --> 00:55:22,417 (applause) 588 00:55:22,500 --> 00:55:24,667 MAN (over TV): Now, what do they want? 589 00:55:24,750 --> 00:55:27,291 I realize that's a very broad story, 590 00:55:27,375 --> 00:55:29,083 but what do they really want? 591 00:55:29,166 --> 00:55:30,417 Is it money? 592 00:55:30,500 --> 00:55:34,125 JOHN (over TV): Well, what they want is, uh, is, is, uh, 593 00:55:34,208 --> 00:55:36,792 whatever is left of what we had before. 594 00:55:36,875 --> 00:55:39,125 You know, before, before Columbus, 595 00:55:39,208 --> 00:55:41,792 before Martin Frobisher, before those people came. 596 00:55:41,875 --> 00:55:46,625 We want to protect as, uh, as much as possible of what 597 00:55:46,709 --> 00:55:47,959 we have left. 598 00:55:48,041 --> 00:55:49,667 Over the past few years, uh, 599 00:55:49,750 --> 00:55:51,834 people seem to think that we're after money, 600 00:55:51,917 --> 00:55:54,959 we're after, uh, um, services. 601 00:55:55,041 --> 00:55:57,375 But the original intent was, very simply, 602 00:55:57,458 --> 00:55:59,125 survival of our people. 603 00:56:01,750 --> 00:56:03,792 You have failed. 604 00:56:03,875 --> 00:56:06,291 We haven't failed. 605 00:56:06,375 --> 00:56:10,333 You have failed to agree that aboriginal peoples have the 606 00:56:10,417 --> 00:56:13,000 democratic and human right to self-government. 607 00:56:13,083 --> 00:56:15,000 You have self-government. 608 00:56:15,083 --> 00:56:17,417 You have your, you elect your member parliament. 609 00:56:17,500 --> 00:56:20,000 You elect your provincial governments. 610 00:56:20,083 --> 00:56:24,000 You benefit from resource development on your lands. 611 00:56:24,083 --> 00:56:26,792 In the Arctic, we don't have the right to benefit 612 00:56:26,875 --> 00:56:29,333 from resource development from our lands, 613 00:56:29,417 --> 00:56:31,083 from our resources. 614 00:56:31,166 --> 00:56:32,166 MAN (over TV): Good evening. 615 00:56:32,250 --> 00:56:34,417 There's agreement tonight on the first amendment 616 00:56:34,500 --> 00:56:36,333 to our new constitution. 617 00:56:36,417 --> 00:56:38,667 It comes at the end of a two-day conference 618 00:56:38,750 --> 00:56:40,208 on native rights. 619 00:56:40,291 --> 00:56:42,333 The amendment doesn't promise immediate action; 620 00:56:42,417 --> 00:56:44,166 it promises more talk. 621 00:56:44,250 --> 00:56:47,333 Native leaders now have a guarantee they'll be sitting 622 00:56:47,417 --> 00:56:49,417 down with government leaders again to talk 623 00:56:49,500 --> 00:56:50,875 about their rights. 624 00:56:50,959 --> 00:56:53,250 MAN (over TV): A 'yes' vote that will change forever 625 00:56:53,333 --> 00:56:54,792 the map of Canada. 626 00:56:54,875 --> 00:56:56,667 Inuit have agreed to the land claim, 627 00:56:56,750 --> 00:57:00,208 so Ottawa has agreed to divide the Northwest Territories. 628 00:57:00,291 --> 00:57:02,041 (cheering) 629 00:57:02,125 --> 00:57:04,750 The final vote was 69% in favor. 630 00:57:04,834 --> 00:57:06,667 Inuit leaders celebrated. 631 00:57:07,500 --> 00:57:11,250 MAN (over TV): Tonight, a new territory, a new Canada. 632 00:57:11,333 --> 00:57:14,208 The territory of Nunavut was born at midnight. 633 00:57:14,291 --> 00:57:16,750 And since then, there's been celebrating and ceremony 634 00:57:16,834 --> 00:57:18,291 to welcome the new arrival. 635 00:57:18,375 --> 00:57:22,208 And, it's a big one, 2.2 million square kilometers, 636 00:57:22,291 --> 00:57:24,375 twice the size of Ontario. 637 00:57:25,500 --> 00:57:27,750 MAN (over TV): The ancient Inuit lamp called the Kudlik is the 638 00:57:27,834 --> 00:57:29,875 symbol of survival for the Inuit. 639 00:57:29,959 --> 00:57:31,834 And the Inuit say the land claim agreement and the 640 00:57:31,917 --> 00:57:33,917 creation of Nunavut will ensure the survival 641 00:57:34,000 --> 00:57:35,250 of their culture. 642 00:57:35,333 --> 00:57:37,625 MAN (over TV): It took to 25 years to negotiate a land claim 643 00:57:37,709 --> 00:57:38,959 agreement with the federal government, 644 00:57:39,041 --> 00:57:41,125 a deal which created the territory. 645 00:57:41,208 --> 00:57:42,583 JOHN (over TV): It seem like a long time, 646 00:57:42,667 --> 00:57:44,417 but when you have your people behind you, 647 00:57:44,500 --> 00:57:46,875 it makes it easier. 648 00:57:47,041 --> 00:57:49,250 MAN (over TV): But, before any political speeches were made 649 00:57:49,333 --> 00:57:50,792 or bills introduced, 650 00:57:50,875 --> 00:57:53,625 a moment of silence to remember those who didn't live 651 00:57:53,709 --> 00:57:56,333 long enough to see a dream come true. 652 00:58:02,917 --> 00:58:08,417 JOHN: 20 years ago, it was, um, mixed emotions. 653 00:58:09,083 --> 00:58:14,458 Uh, we were happy that we were successful in creating 654 00:58:14,542 --> 00:58:17,250 a territory and settling our land claim. 655 00:58:18,041 --> 00:58:21,125 The, the other half of the emotions 656 00:58:21,208 --> 00:58:23,750 that we felt was uncertainty. 657 00:58:32,375 --> 00:58:37,417 JOHN (off-screen): We're very concerned that the international community 658 00:58:37,500 --> 00:58:42,291 seems to have forgotten about us again. 659 00:58:45,125 --> 00:58:50,542 The rush to control the Arctic is happening right now. 660 00:58:52,917 --> 00:58:58,166 In a sense, now we have to face international forces, 661 00:58:58,250 --> 00:59:02,333 which seems to want to repeat 662 00:59:02,417 --> 00:59:06,333 the colonial attitudes of the past. 663 00:59:10,250 --> 00:59:12,750 MAATALII (off-screen): The rest of the world is looking 664 00:59:12,834 --> 00:59:14,917 in our direction. 665 00:59:15,792 --> 00:59:17,792 But, have they talked to us about it? 666 00:59:19,875 --> 00:59:23,333 Have they talked to hunters in our communities who understand 667 00:59:23,417 --> 00:59:26,000 what that means for migration routes? 668 00:59:26,083 --> 00:59:28,583 Because we have that knowledge. 669 00:59:30,917 --> 00:59:34,125 We want to protect what we have left. 670 00:59:38,125 --> 00:59:41,166 The stakes are so high for us. 671 00:59:45,667 --> 00:59:48,959 ♪ ♪ 672 00:59:57,291 --> 01:00:01,041 MAATALII (off-screen): Everything that we are experiencing today 673 01:00:01,125 --> 01:00:03,750 are symptoms of our history. 674 01:00:11,792 --> 01:00:15,792 Many Inuit live in overcrowded homes. 675 01:00:16,583 --> 01:00:20,792 Many Inuit are food insecure. 676 01:00:26,417 --> 01:00:30,166 We have one of the highest suicide rates in the world. 677 01:00:40,667 --> 01:00:45,083 Our language and our culture and way of life is 678 01:00:45,166 --> 01:00:49,417 so connected to our land, our water, and our ice. 679 01:00:50,375 --> 01:00:55,959 All of these things help weave into the fabric of my being. 680 01:00:58,375 --> 01:01:03,417 So, I am no better than my land. 681 01:01:10,333 --> 01:01:13,208 What on earth are we to feed our children if we can't 682 01:01:13,291 --> 01:01:18,375 harvest the animals that we've depended on for thousands of years? 683 01:01:23,750 --> 01:01:29,125 Will my future husband fall through the ice? 684 01:01:34,208 --> 01:01:36,959 Our human rights as a people and the protection of our 685 01:01:37,041 --> 01:01:40,667 wildlife and environment go hand-in-hand. 686 01:01:50,000 --> 01:01:52,500 ♪ ♪ 687 01:02:00,792 --> 01:02:02,041 (dripping) 688 01:02:06,875 --> 01:02:12,834 (engine running) 689 01:02:22,709 --> 01:02:26,333 (speaking native language) 690 01:02:26,417 --> 01:02:30,375 EVA (off-screen): The three commissioners traveled up to Grise Fiord, 691 01:02:30,458 --> 01:02:32,959 Resolute Bay, Pond Inlet, 692 01:02:33,041 --> 01:02:35,375 Clyde River, Siorapaluk, 693 01:02:35,458 --> 01:02:37,458 Qaanaq, Kullorsuaq 694 01:02:37,542 --> 01:02:40,041 and other places in the northern part of 695 01:02:40,125 --> 01:02:42,417 Greenland and met with the hunters. 696 01:02:46,125 --> 01:02:49,709 KUUPIK: The important thing is that the hunters and the 697 01:02:49,792 --> 01:02:52,166 fisherman are included in, in the research. 698 01:02:52,542 --> 01:02:58,875 MAN: We'll probably get more problems with more cruise ships. 699 01:02:58,959 --> 01:03:04,959 MAN: I do believe the narwhal return to that polynya. 700 01:03:07,208 --> 01:03:11,583 MAN: Polar bears, they come to the communities more often now... 701 01:03:11,667 --> 01:03:18,291 WOMAN: ...contracted trichinosis from fat that was infected... 702 01:03:18,375 --> 01:03:22,917 WOMAN: ...learn from each other what it's like on the other side. 703 01:03:23,959 --> 01:03:27,125 EVA (off-screen): Their concerns are consistent. 704 01:03:27,208 --> 01:03:28,625 Both sides. 705 01:03:28,709 --> 01:03:31,625 The shipping, the commercial fishing, 706 01:03:31,709 --> 01:03:35,625 tourism, oil and gas exploration. 707 01:03:35,709 --> 01:03:40,458 And, the Europeans looking for the easy way to get to the 708 01:03:40,542 --> 01:03:42,000 other side of the world. 709 01:03:42,959 --> 01:03:45,959 OKALIK (off-screen): The recommendations were largely Inuit led 710 01:03:46,041 --> 01:03:50,166 management and monitoring and Inuit led governing system. 711 01:03:52,959 --> 01:03:57,333 And freer travel between Canada and Greenland. 712 01:04:00,041 --> 01:04:04,834 EVA (off-screen): There is a very close relationship, family ties. 713 01:04:04,917 --> 01:04:07,166 People in northern Greenland, Qaanaaq, 714 01:04:07,250 --> 01:04:12,291 Siorapaluk area used to hunt in Elsmere Island, 715 01:04:12,375 --> 01:04:16,542 as if it was part of their country years ago. 716 01:04:21,333 --> 01:04:24,583 When I was meeting people and interviewing people 717 01:04:24,667 --> 01:04:26,625 in, in Siorapaluk and Qaanaq, 718 01:04:26,709 --> 01:04:30,333 I, I found out that I have family ties, 719 01:04:30,417 --> 01:04:33,542 and it was such an amazing experience. 720 01:04:37,000 --> 01:04:41,542 EVA (off-screen): How their face lit up and, and start talking about so and so 721 01:04:41,625 --> 01:04:44,333 in Pond Inlet, so and so in Grise Fiord, 722 01:04:44,417 --> 01:04:46,834 so and so in Arctic Bay. 723 01:04:49,417 --> 01:04:55,083 And, you feel the, the, the yearning 724 01:04:55,166 --> 01:04:57,542 to see them once again, 725 01:04:57,625 --> 01:05:02,625 and, sorry. 726 01:05:12,417 --> 01:05:13,709 I didn't think it was gonna come. 727 01:05:13,792 --> 01:05:15,792 Sorry. 728 01:05:21,834 --> 01:05:26,041 EVA (off-screen): I really felt their desire to reconnect. 729 01:05:26,125 --> 01:05:29,959 Their yearning to be with their friends again and 730 01:05:30,041 --> 01:05:31,709 relatives like they used to. 731 01:05:31,792 --> 01:05:34,417 And have that ease of access. 732 01:05:39,959 --> 01:05:42,375 OKALIK (off-screen): The outside world needs to listen and understand 733 01:05:42,458 --> 01:05:45,917 where we are coming from and where we are trying to go. 734 01:05:48,458 --> 01:05:51,917 We have the most to gain when we are successful. 735 01:05:52,000 --> 01:05:55,166 And we have the most to lose if there is a catastrophe. 736 01:06:01,709 --> 01:06:06,083 ♪ ♪ 737 01:06:10,834 --> 01:06:16,000 (whining) 738 01:06:16,917 --> 01:06:19,333 (speaking native language) 739 01:06:25,083 --> 01:06:28,625 (whining) 740 01:06:32,917 --> 01:06:35,917 (speaking native language) 741 01:06:39,875 --> 01:06:41,458 MAN: Help, help, help, help. 742 01:06:41,542 --> 01:06:42,834 WOMAN (off-screen): Somebody help. 743 01:06:46,375 --> 01:06:52,208 (whining) 744 01:06:58,709 --> 01:07:03,792 (whining) 745 01:07:11,834 --> 01:07:17,834 ♪ ♪ 746 01:07:28,417 --> 01:07:32,041 ♪ ♪ 747 01:07:38,917 --> 01:07:44,417 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): The people we learn from cannot teach us as 748 01:07:44,500 --> 01:07:49,250 the way they had been taught, because of the ice. 749 01:07:49,333 --> 01:07:53,667 It's too unpredictable now. 750 01:07:56,166 --> 01:08:01,875 Life here is, is harsh, uh, it's hard. 751 01:08:07,125 --> 01:08:10,166 You never know how it is here, 752 01:08:10,250 --> 01:08:15,208 so you cannot plan too long in your life. 753 01:08:23,959 --> 01:08:28,000 ♪ ♪ 754 01:08:35,750 --> 01:08:41,083 They found out I have, uh, Parkinson's disease. 755 01:08:48,375 --> 01:08:51,500 (speaking native language) 756 01:08:51,583 --> 01:08:55,041 I cannot control what happened to me. 757 01:09:02,375 --> 01:09:07,542 There's nothing I can do than take medicine they gave me. 758 01:09:11,750 --> 01:09:16,041 ♪ ♪ 759 01:09:20,917 --> 01:09:25,500 If I cannot continue as a hunter, of course, I won't. 760 01:09:25,583 --> 01:09:28,166 I will have to stop. 761 01:09:36,250 --> 01:09:42,166 ♪ ♪ 762 01:09:50,792 --> 01:09:56,166 ♪ ♪ 763 01:09:58,250 --> 01:10:03,583 ♪ ♪ 764 01:10:12,500 --> 01:10:16,792 MAATALII (off-screen): I've always had to lean on my culture. 765 01:10:17,834 --> 01:10:21,875 It really has carried me through the hardest times 766 01:10:21,959 --> 01:10:24,500 of my life. 767 01:10:26,208 --> 01:10:30,208 I was in a very controlling and abusive relationship 768 01:10:30,291 --> 01:10:33,083 for a big part of my life. 769 01:10:33,166 --> 01:10:39,125 And, what I realize now is during that process of control, 770 01:10:39,250 --> 01:10:43,125 manipulation and abuse of all levels, um, 771 01:10:43,208 --> 01:10:46,291 you lose yourself. 772 01:10:47,792 --> 01:10:54,208 You begin to give up part of who you are 773 01:10:54,291 --> 01:10:59,250 to suit somebody else's standard and expectation. 774 01:11:00,208 --> 01:11:05,500 And that's how you continue on this spiral. 775 01:11:08,750 --> 01:11:13,208 MAATALII (off-screen): And eventually, you either wake up 776 01:11:13,291 --> 01:11:16,250 or you don't wake up from it. 777 01:11:22,959 --> 01:11:27,792 After I escaped from that relationship, 778 01:11:27,875 --> 01:11:31,041 I slept for a very long time. 779 01:11:31,542 --> 01:11:34,709 About a month actually. 780 01:11:38,291 --> 01:11:44,208 And, I haven't shared this with anybody before, 781 01:11:44,291 --> 01:11:47,750 but I started dreaming about my ancestors. 782 01:11:47,834 --> 01:11:51,041 I started dreaming about my homeland. 783 01:11:56,083 --> 01:11:59,625 ♪ ♪ 784 01:12:01,333 --> 01:12:04,750 MAATALII (off-screen): I imagine it was before colonization. 785 01:12:04,834 --> 01:12:07,333 That's what it looked like. 786 01:12:12,333 --> 01:12:17,500 And, that's what made me feel like I could smile again. 787 01:12:19,375 --> 01:12:24,500 And that was what reminded me that I'm still here because 788 01:12:24,583 --> 01:12:27,792 my culture allowed me to be here. 789 01:12:27,875 --> 01:12:30,291 And I still have a purpose. 790 01:12:30,375 --> 01:12:33,333 And I have to wake up. 791 01:12:33,417 --> 01:12:35,458 And so I did. 792 01:12:40,959 --> 01:12:43,750 MAATALII (off-screen): My ancestors visited me in my dream 793 01:12:43,834 --> 01:12:48,959 to show me that we've been here before and we'll get there again. 794 01:12:58,583 --> 01:13:02,917 (singing in native language) 795 01:13:10,333 --> 01:13:12,667 -MAATALII: Good morning, (inaudible). -MAN: Good morning, ladies. 796 01:13:12,750 --> 01:13:14,000 WOMAN: O, K what? 797 01:13:14,083 --> 01:13:16,291 -MAATALII: O, K, A, L, I, K. -WOMAN: O, K, A, L. 798 01:13:21,083 --> 01:13:26,792 (singing in native language) 799 01:13:33,500 --> 01:13:37,041 MAN (over loudspeaker): One, two, three, four, five, six. 800 01:13:40,333 --> 01:13:43,917 (speaking native language) 801 01:13:45,625 --> 01:13:48,208 KUUPIK: The Pikialasorsuaq Commission's mandate 802 01:13:48,291 --> 01:13:53,333 is for Inuit in Nunavut and Greenland to aim for, together, 803 01:13:54,500 --> 01:14:00,792 to take control of an area divided into two by state borders. 804 01:14:01,917 --> 01:14:07,417 It's a matter of survival. Physical, cultural, and mental. 805 01:14:08,291 --> 01:14:11,709 We lived here before the states existed. 806 01:14:11,792 --> 01:14:18,083 And the so-called conflict on whether it belongs to Canada or Denmark, 807 01:14:18,166 --> 01:14:21,792 I would say, leave it to us Inuit. 808 01:14:21,875 --> 01:14:24,542 It belongs to us together anyway. 809 01:14:24,875 --> 01:14:27,417 We don't need a state commission. 810 01:14:27,500 --> 01:14:30,959 (applause) 811 01:14:39,625 --> 01:14:42,250 WOMAN (over loudspeaker): All in favor. 812 01:14:42,333 --> 01:14:47,583 MAATALII (off-screen): I'm so proud of how far we've come 813 01:14:47,667 --> 01:14:51,083 over the last just three generations. 814 01:14:52,750 --> 01:14:56,750 And, what possibilities exist for the future. 815 01:15:00,125 --> 01:15:04,709 ♪ ♪ 816 01:15:10,458 --> 01:15:14,875 JOHN (off-screen): We don't want to continue to be victims. 817 01:15:14,959 --> 01:15:21,291 We're not going to put up our hands or wave a, a white flag. 818 01:15:21,375 --> 01:15:25,208 We're not gonna do that anymore. 819 01:15:26,375 --> 01:15:30,583 (applause) 820 01:15:36,417 --> 01:15:41,250 (waves crashing) 821 01:15:42,834 --> 01:15:44,542 (wind blowing) 822 01:15:54,250 --> 01:15:56,250 ♪ ♪ 823 01:16:05,083 --> 01:16:07,417 DAVID: Huh? 824 01:16:14,417 --> 01:16:18,417 (chipping) 825 01:16:24,667 --> 01:16:28,333 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): David is my nephew. 826 01:16:30,959 --> 01:16:33,959 He loves to hear the stories about hunting. 827 01:16:34,041 --> 01:16:36,083 DAVID: Harpoon. 828 01:16:37,834 --> 01:16:41,458 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): Tries to imitate his grandfather. 829 01:16:46,625 --> 01:16:48,375 Even though he's seven. 830 01:16:48,458 --> 01:16:50,458 DAVID: I'll get hot. 831 01:16:50,542 --> 01:16:53,542 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): He's already going out with 832 01:16:53,625 --> 01:16:58,250 four dogs with his own small sled. 833 01:16:59,375 --> 01:17:04,458 Even though David doesn't know that my uncle will be watching him 834 01:17:04,542 --> 01:17:09,375 from distance so that he doesn't get hurt. 835 01:17:12,917 --> 01:17:16,625 Sometimes he will get wet or he will lose the dogs. 836 01:17:16,709 --> 01:17:18,458 But that's how it is. 837 01:17:22,542 --> 01:17:25,917 (speaking native language) 838 01:17:26,959 --> 01:17:29,917 ALEQATSIAQ (off-screen): I don't know if David is going to become a hunter. 839 01:17:30,000 --> 01:17:32,959 It depends totally on him. 840 01:17:35,166 --> 01:17:38,083 The culture is changing. 841 01:17:38,166 --> 01:17:42,166 But I think it's gonna get better somehow. 842 01:17:49,083 --> 01:17:51,750 THEO: We welcome the return of the sun. 843 01:17:58,458 --> 01:18:02,000 We actually celebrate the returning of the sun. 844 01:18:04,750 --> 01:18:10,709 The sun had been under the horizon since the end of November. 845 01:18:13,875 --> 01:18:17,166 And it resurfaces in mid-January. 846 01:18:19,709 --> 01:18:23,667 It now gives us day light to get out and about. 847 01:18:25,959 --> 01:18:28,709 The same as it has always been doing. 848 01:18:33,834 --> 01:18:37,083 The continuation of life as we know it. 849 01:18:42,542 --> 01:18:44,500 MAATALII (off-screen): I was told that my grandmother was 850 01:18:44,583 --> 01:18:47,375 pregnant with one of my aunts. 851 01:18:47,458 --> 01:18:50,375 And, the sea ice was breaking up. 852 01:18:50,458 --> 01:18:52,875 And so, she gave birth, 853 01:18:52,959 --> 01:18:55,375 picked up her baby, and kept going. 854 01:18:55,458 --> 01:18:58,000 Because, there was no other option at that time. 855 01:18:58,083 --> 01:19:02,875 So, when I feel like the world is falling around me, 856 01:19:02,959 --> 01:19:04,875 I think of it as sea ice. 857 01:19:04,959 --> 01:19:08,000 And, I think about how my ancestors were able to 858 01:19:08,083 --> 01:19:10,875 navigate through that breaking sea ice. 859 01:19:13,125 --> 01:19:14,417 MAATALII (off-screen): I can really get through anything 860 01:19:14,500 --> 01:19:19,959 because of what I've been taught by their survival. 861 01:19:22,750 --> 01:19:27,625 ♪ ♪ 862 01:19:50,959 --> 01:19:56,875 (ice cracking) 863 01:20:06,834 --> 01:20:12,792 (music playing through credits) 864 01:20:22,875 --> 01:20:28,875 ♪ ♪ 865 01:20:34,959 --> 01:20:38,625 ♪ ♪ 866 01:20:47,834 --> 01:20:53,709 ♪ ♪ 867 01:20:59,333 --> 01:21:02,583 ♪ ♪ 868 01:21:07,208 --> 01:21:08,875 Captioned by Cotter Captioning Services.