All language subtitles for Free-CCNA-RIP-EIGRP-Day-25-CCNA-200-301-Complete-Course_en

This is a free, complete course for the CCNA.

If you like these videos, please subscribe\n

Also, please like and leave a comment, and\n

In this video we will take a look at two dynamic\n

the exam topics list, RIP and EIGRP.

So, why am I covering these two topics even\n

Well, the main reason is that you might still\n

the exam, so it’s best to be prepared.

Cisco’s exam topics list states this: ‘The\n

the content likely to be included on the exam.

However, other related topics may also appear\n

So, don’t think that just because something\n

Of course, we won’t study RIP and EIGRP\n

OSPF, which is explicitly listed on the exam\n

give an overview of both of RIP and EIGRP.

I will show some basic configurations for\n

an understanding of how they work, you don’t\n

A lot of the things you learn in this video\n

make things easier when I introduce OSPF in\nDay 26.

So, what exactly will we cover today?

Just as I said, RIP, the Routing Information\n

Stick around to the end of today’s quiz\n

CCNA, a set of practice exams for the CCNA\nby Boson Software.

These are the practice exams I used to prepare\n

very popular among people getting ready to\ntake their CCNA.

If you’re planning to take your CCNA soon\n

ready, ExSim is in my opinion the best tool\nyou can use.

If you want to get Boson ExSim, follow the\n

Some of this stuff I already talked about\n

RIP stands for Routing Information Protocol,\n

It is a distance vector interior gateway protocol,\n

Watch day 24 again if you want a review of\nthat.

RIP uses hop count as its metric, each router\n

‘hop’, and the bandwidth is irrelevant.

A 10 gigabit connection counts as one hop,\n

And something I didn’t mention last video,\n

Anything more than that is considered unreachable,\n

So, clearly RIP cannot be used for very large\nnetworks.

Actually, RIP is almost never used in real\n

networks, and also in lab environments, as\n

RIP has three versions, RIP version 1 and\n

There is also RIPng, RIP Next Generation,\n

RIP uses two message types to learn and share\n

The first is the Request message, which asks\n

The second is the response message, which\n

By default, RIP-enabled routers will share\n

This can cause problems in networks with lots\n

Next up, let’s compare RIPv1 and RIPv2.

Basically, if you’re going to use RIP, don’t\nuse version 1.

RIPv1 only advertises classful addresses,\n

you about classful addressing because it’s\n

the concept is no longer used.

Because version 1 only supports classful addresses,\n

CIDR, which I covered in my subnetting videos.

In fact, when RIPv1 advertises a network to\n

subnet mask information in the advertisement.

If the advertised network is in the class\n

It it’s in the class B range, it’s assumed\nto be /16.

If it’s in the class C range, it’s assumed\nto be /24.

Here are some examples of subnets, and how\n

10.1.1.0/24 will become 10.0.0.0, a class\nA network.

172.16.192.0/18 will become 172.16.0.0, a\nclass B network.

And 192.168.1.4/30 will become 192.168.1.0,\na class C network.

This is simply not acceptable in modern networks\n

and have been replaced with CIDR and VLSM.

We need the ability to use subnets, not just\n

Okay, one more thing about RIPv1, its messages\n

so all routers on the local segment will receive\nthe messages.

Next up, let’s look at RIP version 2, which\n

First of all, it supports VLSM and CIDR, it\n

To support this, it includes subnet mask information\n

A /30 network will advertised as /30, for\nexample.

Another difference is that RIPv2 messages\n

This address is in the class D range, which\n

You don’t need to know the details at the\n

Broadcast messages are delivered to all devices\n

Multicast messages, on the other hand, are\n

that specific multicast group.

Just know that basic difference between broadcast\n

It’s only at the CCIE level that you need\n

Okay, so now I’m going to introduce you\n

Although RIP configuration is not actually\n

First, RIP configuration is very simple, so\n

Second, some of the mechanics are similar\n

make it easier when we go in depth on OSPF\nlater.

So, assuming all of the other routers have\n

First, enter RIP configuration mode with the\ncommand ROUTER RIP.

You can see under that the prompt now says\n

Next, configure the router to use RIP version\n

This isn’t necessary, but you should always\n

Classful IPv4 addressing is a thing of the\n

to use things like VLSM and CIDR.

Then, use the command NO AUTO-SUMMARY.

Auto-summary is on by default, and it automatically\n

For example, using classful logic, the 172.16.1.0/28\n

so it would be advertised as 172.16.0.0/16.

Always use these two commands when you configure\n

Next up we have to use the NETWORK command.

Now, I have to explain some things about it.

The command itself is classful, it will automatically\n

For example, even if you enter the command\n

10.0.12.0 falls in the class A range, so a\n

So, after the first 8 bits, all of the other\n

Because of this behavior, there is no need\n

Okay, so what effect does this command actually\nhave?

R1’s G0/0 interface is 10.0.12.0/30, and\n

I just entered the command NETWORK 10.0.0.0.

Let’s look at exactly how the NETWORK command\nfunctions.

The NETWORK command tells the router to look\n

in the specified range, that is the range\n

Then it will activate RIP on the interface\n

It will form adjacencies with other connected\n

This is not necessarily the prefix you specified\n

This is also how the EIGRP and OSPF NETWORK\n

So, let me walk through it step-by-step here,\n

So, we’ve just entered the network 10.0.0.0\ncommand on R1.

Because the NETWORK command is classful, 10.0.0.0\n

R1 will look for any interfaces with an IP\n

/8 means that only the first 8 bits need\n

10.0.12.1 and 10.0.13.1 both match, they both\n

So, RIP is activated on G0/0 and G1/0.

R1 then forms adjacencies with its neighbors\nR2 and R3.

R1 will send and receive route information\n

Here’s the important part, R1 advertises\n

prefixes of its G0/0 and G1/0 interfaces,\n

Even though we used the NETWORK 10.0.0.0 command,\n

The NETWORK command doesn’t tell the router\n

It tells the router which interfaces to activate\n

the network prefix of those interfaces.

Okay, we also configured the NETWORK 172.16.0.0\ncommand.

Because the network command is classful, 172.16.0.0\n

R1 will look for any interfaces with an IP\n

172.16.1.14 matches, so R1 will activate RIP\non G2/0.

This time there are no RIP neighbors connected\n

However, R1 advertises 172.16.1.0/28 (NOT\n

One more important point: Although there are\n

continuously send RIP advertisements out of\nG2/0.

This is unnecessary traffic, so G2/0 should\n

I used the command PASSIVE-INTERFACE G2/0.

This configures G2/0 as a passive interface.

Note that the command is done from RIP configuration\n

That’s why you need to specify the interface\nin the command.

The passive-interface command tells the router\n

the specified interface, which is G2/0 in\nthis case.

However, the router will continue to advertise\n

is 172.16.1.0/28, to its RIP neighbors, R2\nand R3.

It is recommended that you always use this\n

EIGRP and OSPF both have the same passive\n

To demonstrate one more function of RIP I\n

Then I configured a default route pointing\nto the Internet.

So, any packets that don’t match any of\n

Here you can see it in the routing table.

Gateway of last resort is 203.0.113.2 to network\n0.0.0.0.

Under it you can see the configured static\nroute to 0.0.0.0/0.

Now, I want to use RIP to tell R2, R3, and\n

The command to share this default route into\n

the command is done from RIP configuration\nmode.

Now that I have entered this command, R1 will\n

Let’s just check the routing table of R4.

Notice it says ‘Gateway of last resort is\n

that you can see two routes, one via F2/0\n

Only one is actually stated up top as being\n

of these routes have the same hop-count, R4\n

I’m repeating myself, but RIP treats all\n

the connection via R3 is a slower fastethernet\n

faster gigabit ethernet connection via R2.

OSPF also has the same DEFAULT-INFORMATION\n

We’ll take a look at it again when we learn\nabout OSPF.

Now let’s take a look at a very useful SHOW\n

This command can be used for RIP, EIGRP, and\n

We’ll just run through a few of the things\nyou need to know.

First up, this part here identifies the protocol\n

These are some timers that RIP uses to operate,\n

but will go in depth when we study OSPF.

Here is some information about the version\n

Automatic network summarization is not in\n

Maximum paths is 4, this refers to ECMP load-balancing.

By default, RIP will insert up to 4 paths\n

Here is the command, MAXIMUM-PATHS, followed\n

This is done from RIP configuration mode.

This command is the same for EIGRP and OSPF\nalso, by the way.

Next up, this section here shows the networks\n

Once again, these aren’t the actual networks\n

identifies which interfaces to activate RIP\non.

Here you can see any passive interfaces listed,\n

Under ‘routing information sources’ you\n

is R2 and 10.0.13.2 which is R3.

Finally, distance states the administrative\n

This can be changed with this command from\n

For example, if you want to make RIP routes\n

you could set it to 85 like I just did, to\n

The DISTANCE command is the same for EIGRP\n

Let’s move on to EIGRP, you’ll see a lot\n

EIGRP stands for Enhanced Interior Gateway\nRouting Protocol.

It is an improved version of the older IGRP,\n

EIGRP was Cisco proprietary, but Cisco has\n

implement it on their equipment.

However, my understanding is that Cisco didn’t\n

Cisco-proprietary, and I don’t think many\n

So, practically speaking, it’s still considered\n

It’s considered an ‘advanced’ or ‘hybrid’\n

It improves on the very basic operations of\n

It’s much faster than RIP in reacting to\nchanges in the network.

It doesn’t have the 15 ‘hop-count’ limit\n

It sends messages using the multicast address\n224.0.0.10.

Remember, RIPv1 broadcasts messages, and RIPv2\n

EIGRP multicasts them to 224.0.0.10.

Try to remember these multicast addresses,\n

Finally, one unique feature of EIGRP, EIGRP\n

By default it performs ECMP load-balancing\n

it to load-balance over multiple paths that\n

EIGRP will even load-balance them in proportion\n

So, more traffic will be sent over paths with\n

less traffic will be sent over paths with\n

EIGRP is a great protocol, but because its\n

it’s not used nearly as much as OSPF is.

That’s why Cisco made OSPF the main focus\n

Okay, let’s look at the basic configurations\nof EIGRP.

Here’s the same network as before.

I’ve removed the RIP configurations, although\n

But that would just be a waste of resources\n

be one IGP running on a router.

So, enter EIGRP configuration mode with this\n

The AS number must match between routers or\n

I already configured the same AS number of\n

It functions the same as in RIP, it will advertise\n

prefix configured on its interfaces.

Auto-summary might be enabled or disabled\n

Actually on the version I’m using here it\n

wanted to show you that EIGRP also has the\n

should make sure it’s turned off.

Then I used the same passive-interface command\nas I did for RIP.

Next up I used the NETWORK 10.0.0.0 command\n

You can use a mask with EIGRP’s NETWORK\n

address if you don’t specify the mask.

So, NETWORK 10.0.0.0 is assumed to be 10.0.0.0/8.

This network command functions like RIP’s.

You aren’t actually telling the router to\n

You are telling it to activate EIGRP on interfaces\n

range, so any IP address that begins with\n10.

That includes G0/0 and G1/0, so EIGRP is activated\n

If you specify the mask, it looks like this.

This command here, NETWORK 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.15\n

If this is your first time learning this,\n

Isn’t the subnet mask for a /28 prefix 255.255.255.240?

But EIGRP uses a ‘wildcard mask’ instead\n

Let me explain what exactly that means.

A wildcard mask is basically an ‘inverted’\nsubnet mask.

All 1s in the subnet mask are 0 in the equivalent\n

are 1 in the equivalent wildcard mask.

Here’s a subnet mask in binary.

255.255.255.0 in dotted decimal.

If you invert all of the bits, you get this.

So, that’s the wildcard mask equivalent\nof /24, 0.0.0.255.

Notice all of the 1s in the subnet mask have\n

255.255.0.0 becomes 0.0.255.255.

This is the wildcard mask equivalent of /16.

And here’s another, 255.0.0.0 becomes 0.255.255.255.

This is the wildcard mask equivalent of /8.

Okay, so those are easy, now let’s look\n

In our network, R1’s G2/0 interface has\n

as a normal subnet mask in dotted decimal.

If you invert the bits, you get this.

If you write that out in dotted decimal, you\nget 0.0.0.15.

So, that’s how you write a /28 prefix length\n

Let’s do a few more practice questions.

Pause the video now and convert this into\na wildcard mask.

Okay, here’s the answer, 0.0.0.127, that’s\na /25 prefix length.

Pause the video now and convert this subnet\n

That’s how you write a /14 prefix length\nas a wildcard mask.

Pause the video now and convert this subnet\n

0.0.31.255, which is a /19 prefix length written\n

Although I think it’s always important to\n

a good shorcut is to subtract each octet of\n

So, with this subnet mask, for example, 255\nminus 255 equals 0.

255 minus 248 equals 7. and 255 minus 0 equals\n255.

So, this /21 subnet mask becomes 0.0.7.255\n

To finish up with wildcard masks, I’ll explain\n

A ‘0’ in the wildcard mask means the bits\n

and the EIGRP network command.

A ‘1’ in the wildcard mask means the bits\ndon’t have to match.

So, the IP address on R1’s G2/0 is 172.16.1.14.

I used the EIGRP network command 172.16.1.0,\n

This means that the first 28 bits must match.

So, we have a match, and EIGRP will be activated\n

Let’s try another one, see if it will match.

With the same IP address, I used this network\ncommand.

Network 172.16.1.0, with a wildcard mask of\n0.0.0.7.

So, this means the first 29 bits must match.

This bit here doesn’t match between R1’s\n

So, no match, and EIGRP will not be activated\non the interface.

Okay, try to figure this out on your own.

With the command NETWORK 172.16.1.8 0.0.0.7,\n

Pause the video now to find the answer.

We’re using the same wildcard mask as last\n

Yes they do, the first 29 bits of 172.16.1.14\n

So, we have a match and EIGRP will be activated\n

Okay, one last practice question for wildcard\nmasks.

The network command is NETWORK 168.0.0.0 7.255.255.255.

In this case, would EIGRP be activated on\nthe interface?

Pause the video now to find the answer.

With this wildcard mask, only the first 5\n

address and the EIGRP network command.

The first five bits of the IP address are\n

network command are 1 0 1 0 1 as well, so\n

So, in this case I used a /28 wildcard mask,\n

is connected to, but as I just demonstrated\n

activate EIGRP on the interface.

However, usually you’ll just keep it simple\n

Or maybe use a /32 wildcard mask and specify\n

How would you write a /32 wildcard mask?

Well, as you know the subnet mask is 255.255.255.255,\n

Anyway, OSPF uses wildcard masks also so we’ll\n

Just remember, this command only specifies\n

R1 will then advertise the network prefix\n

Let’s take a look at the SHOW IP PROTOCOLS\n

‘Routing protocol is EIGRP 1’, 1 being\n

Remember what I said in the previous video\nabout EIGRP’s metric?

It uses interface bandwidth and delay by default,\n

The bandwidth of the SLOWEST link in the path,\n

links in the path, are used to calculate the\nmetric.

The other k-values, K2, K4, and K5 are set\n

metric, however that can be changed with configuration.

In EIGRP and OSPF, the router has a unique\n

Notice that the default on R1 is 172.16.1.14.

Well, the router ID is determined like this.

First up, if the router ID is manually configured,\n

If the router ID isn’t manually configured,\n

loopback interfaces will be the router ID.

Loopback interfaces are virtual interfaces\n

Finally, if there are no loopback interfaces\n

IP address on any of the router’s physical\n

So, G2/0’s 172.16.1.14 became the router\nID.

Note that the router ID isn’t actually an\n

like a dotted-decimal IP address, and you\n

Here’s how to configure the EIGRP router-ID.

From EIGRP configuration mode, use the command\n

you want to configure, in this case I used\n1.1.1.1.

Now you can see that the router ID changes\n

Okay, next two fields we saw when learning\nabout RIP.

Automatic summarization is disabled, as it\n

over a maximum of 4 paths by default, like\nRIP.

Routing for networks 10.0.0.0 and 172.16.1.0/28.

These are the two NETWORK commands we entered\nearlier.

G2/0 is configured as a passive interface,\n

has two separate AD values, 90 for internal\n

Internal routes are normal EIGRP routes, but\n

which are then inserted into EIGRP, but that’s\n

Finally I want to show you how EIGRP looks\nin the routing table.

First, notice that EIGRP routes are indicated\n

3072, 3328, 28416, these costs are much higher\n

In large networks, these numbers can get much\nlarger.

That’s perhaps a downside of EIGRP, the\n

Okay, that’s all we’ll cover about RIP\nand EIGRP in this video.

Before moving on to today’s quiz, let’s\n

First, we covered the basics of RIP and its\nconfiguration.

Then we did the same for EIGRP.

Again, these aren’t listed on the exam topics\n

need to know anything about them.

Also, the things you learned in this video\n

There is one more thing about EIGRP I want\n

but I will cover that in the lab video.

So be sure to watch that video, it’s coming\nnext.

Also make sure to stick around until the end\n

Boson ExSim, the best practice exams for the\n

Follow the link in the description to get\n

it’s the single best tool to make sure you’re\n

Okay, let’s move on to question 1 of the\nquiz.

R1 and R2 both use RIP to share routes.

R1 has a default route to the Internet that\n

A, from config-router mode on R1, DEFAULT-INFORMATION\nORIGINATE.

B, from config-router mode on R1, NETWORK\n203.0.113.0.

C, from global config mode on R2, IP ROUTE\n

D, from config-router mode on R2, DEFAULT-INFORMATION\nORIGINATE.

Pause the video to think about the answer.

The answer is A, default-information originate\non R1.

This command is used to advertise R1’s default\n

B, the NETWORK command, is used to activate\n

C, the IP ROUTE command, configures a default\n

advertise a default route to R2.

Finally, D is incorrect because we want to\n

R1’s G1/0 interface has an IP address of\n

Which of the following network commands will\n

I’ll put up the four network commands here.

A, B, C, and D. Pause the video and find the\ncorrect answer.

Okay, the answer is A, network 128.0.0.0 127.255.255.255.

I won’t explain all of them, but let’s\n

So, I have written the IP addresses of G1/0\n

command, which is NETWORK 128.0.0.0 127.255.255.255.

Only the first bit of the wildcard mask is\n

As you can see, the first bit is 1 in the\n

so this command will activate EIGRP on both\ninterfaces.

What is the correct order of priority when\n

A, highest loopback interface address, highest\n

B, highest physical interface address, highest\n

C, manual configuration, highest physical\n

Or D, manual configuration, highest loopback\n

Pause the video to think about your answer.

The answer is D, manual configuration takes\ntop priority.

If the router ID isn’t manually configured,\n

will become the EIGRP router ID.

Finally, if there are no loopback interfaces,\n

will become the EIGRP router ID.

Okay, let’s move on to take a look at a\n

Okay, for today's Boson ExSim practice question\n

In which of the following situations does\n

Okay, pause the video here to take a look\n

Okay, hopefully you found it.

So let's go through each of them one by one.

First up, A. When multiple routes to different\n

of these routes is received from a different\nrouting protocol.

That's because each of the routes is to a\n

So the router doesn't have to choose between\n

in the routing table, because they are to\n

When multiple routes to the same destination\n

are received from the same routing protocol.

So, all of the routes are to the same destination\n

choose which one to put in the routing table.

However all of the routes are from the same\n

AD to determine which route, because they\nall have the same AD.

Instead it will use the metric value.

When multiple routes to different destination\n

are received from the same routing protocol.

So, different destination networks again,\n

Because once again, just like in A, the router\n

table because they are to different destinations.

So let's see if D is correct.

When multiple routes to the same destination\n

the router will have to choose which one to\n

And each of these routes is received from\n

Okay, so different routing protocol, to the\n

Because the routing protocol is different\n

each routing protocol uses a totally different\nmetric.

So, instead the router will compare the AD\nvalues.

So I think D is the correct answer, let's\nsee.

And here is Boson's explanation, including\n

protocols and types of routes.

I covered these in day 24, directly connected,\n

Okay, so if you want further reading on top\n

reference here, Cisco: Route Selection in\nCisco Routers.

So this is a link to free Cisco documentation\n

Okay, so that's today's Boson ExSim practice\nquestion.

I highly recommend picking up a copy of Boson\nExSim.

I used it myself to study for my CCNA and\n

So if you want to get a copy of Boson ExSim,\n

There are supplementary materials for this\nvideo.

There is a flashcard deck to use with the\nsoftware ‘Anki’.

There will also be a packet tracer practice\n

That will be in the next video.

I especially recommend watching today’s\n

EIGRP I only briefly mentioned in this video,\n

Sign up for my mailing list via the link in\n

the flashcards and packet tracer lab files\nfor the course.

Before finishing today’s video I want to\n

Thank you to Ed, Tillman, Value, Magrathea,\n

Tibi, Vikram, Joyce, Marek, Velvijaykum, C\n

Software, the makers of ExSim, Sidi, Devin,\n

Sorry if I pronounced your name incorrectly,\n

One of you is still displaying as Channel\n

me know and I’ll see if YouTube can fix\nit.

This is the list of JCNP-level members at\n

2020, if you signed up recently and your name\n

Please subscribe to the channel, like the\n

with anyone else studying for the CCNA.

If you want to leave a tip, check the links\nin the description.

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