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(light music)
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- [Narrator] Zeus is the
almighty ruler of the world.
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He has vanquished all,
even the most fearsome
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of his opponents.
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He has avenged his mother,
and won all of the wars.
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He reigns supreme over both the mortals
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and the Gods of the Pantheon.
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There are 12 of them in his grand council.
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12 gods and goddesses.
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The great Olympians.
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But after battling his
way to the top, Zeus found
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himself presiding over
a universe that had been
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turned upside down and torn apart.
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He thus had to remodel
the world as it were
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to establish a more
harmonious, a more measured
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form of governance.
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But can power be exercised
without that passion
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that consumes the heart
as well as the body?
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The truth of the matter is
that Zeus liked to seduce.
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It was in fact through his
many wives and mistresses
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that he would strengthen his own power.
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Zeus would acquire the assets
of each of his conquests.
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Those who were to know him as rain,
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as a bull, or as a swan would give birth
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to a race of demi-gods
and heroes who's names
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would become the names
of almost every region
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in the world.
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Zeus's amorous adventures
were thus more than
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just romances, it was
through his love interests
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that the master of
Olympus indirectly imposed
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his authority, an
authority that was based on
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the institution of laws and
norms that had to be obeyed.
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Any transgression was severely punished.
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So in a certain way, Zeus
combined love with order.
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(light music)
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First there was Metis, Metis
was a beautiful sea nymph.
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She represented prudence and
wisdom as well as cunning.
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In the primordial time when
the world was in gestation,
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her precious advice had
enabled Zeus to avenge
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his mother and to rescue
his brothers and sisters.
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So did the master of Olympus then propose
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to her out of gratitude?
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Gratefulness is not a strong
point among those in power.
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No, Zeus was attracted to Metis.
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He was even very attracted to her.
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And as for Metis, how could she refuse?
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It was the King of the God's
who was asking for her hand.
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The young nymph was flattered,
she felt very honored,
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she said yes, and so they were wed.
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Their postnuptial bliss
knew no bounds until one day
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an Oracle revealed to Zeus that
after giving him a daughter
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his wife would bear him
a son and that the boy
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would later dethrone him
as he himself has dethroned
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his own father Cronus.
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(intense music)
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We can imagine how disturbed
the divine ruler felt.
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And so in order to keep such
a scenario from happening
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again, when Metis told
him she was pregnant,
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Zeus challenged her to say
what was the very least
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a rather unusual contest.
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He dared her to outdo
him by turning herself
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into different creatures.
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This game of metamorphosis
is commonly played
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among the God's who
had the power to change
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themselves into whatever they choose.
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Metis, though she was
the symbol of prudence
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threw caution to the winds.
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She blithely went through
a series of metamorphosis.
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Turning herself into a lioness.
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And then a wild boar, a
flame, and even a fly.
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Zeus congratulated her,
very good, but can you make
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yourself into something even smaller?
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Metis was caught up in
the game and changed
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herself once again, this
time into a drop of water.
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Zeus applauded, and then
immediately swallowed it.
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But one does not swallow
the Goddess of Cunning
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without getting into big trouble.
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After awhile Zeus was
seized by a raging headache
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that was so violent that
he felt like his head
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was about to explode.
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His son, Hephaestus,
the God of Blacksmiths,
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ran up in a panic and with
his great mallet struck
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his fathers head splitting it open.
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And a miracle happened,
the daughter that Metis
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had been carrying leapt
out of the head of the King
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of the God's, her name was Athena.
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Athena, the Goddess of
War, Protector of the City.
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She emerged in all of her
splendor, with her helmet
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and her sphere ready for battle.
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(intense music)
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Rhea, Zeus' mother,
became aware of her sons
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lustful tendencies, she
sensed that his romantic
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and sexual volatility
would lead to disastrous
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consequences, so she
forbid him to remarry.
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She forbid him?
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How dare she.
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Had she forgotten that she
was speaking to the master
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of the universe?
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Zeus took offense and
threatened to rape his
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progenitress then and there.
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Rhea was unimpressed, she
changed herself into a servant
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ready to pounce on her son.
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Zeus did the same thing, he turned himself
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into a male serpent and
entwining his mother
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in an indissoluble knot
carried out his threats.
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With his mother out of the
way, Zeus did not waste
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any time in choosing a new wife.
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And he did not choose just
any one, through Metis,
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Zeus had acquired cunning and prudence.
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What he lacked was a sense of equity,
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a sense of justice.
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He therefore set his
heart on the vulnerable
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Themis, a Tetannite.
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Themis was the Goddess of Justice.
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She and Zeus would have
15 children together,
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to begin with, there were
three lovely daughters
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the hours, three maidens who
would oversee the regularity
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of the seasons.
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After that, they had three more
girls, three more daughters
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who lived somewhere in an
impenetrable cabin near Olympus.
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(intense music)
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Three beautiful women with vacant eyes.
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They went everywhere together,
connected by a thread
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and they took on the
appearance of simple spinners.
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At the mention of their
names, mortals as well as Gods
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trembled.
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Clotho, who spun the thread,
Lachesis who determined
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the length of the thread,
and Atropos the merciless
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Atropos who cut the thread.
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That thread is of course,
the thread of life.
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It measured out the
lives of mortals as well
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as the lives of the God's.
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The three maidens were called
the Moirai by the Greeks.
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And later the Parkai by the Romans.
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Their decrees were absolute.
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Nobody had the power to
change anything at all.
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Zeus himself acknowledged this superiority
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and never dared to challenge them.
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The Moirai were the three fates.
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(intense music)
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It wasn't long, however, before Zeus
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repatriated Themis, although
he kept her by his side
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as a sort of counselor.
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So far, his love affairs
had given prudence, cunning,
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and justice, but what is
a king without a queen?
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It was time to choose a
queen, she would come from
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his own family and since incest was quite
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common in the world of the God's,
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Zeus' third wife would be
none other than his sister
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the Goddess Hera who was
violent and irascible.
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And very jealous.
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Brother and sister would
be wed in secret on the
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island of Samus.
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In fact, with Hera, Zeus
got caught at his own game.
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For Hera at first spurned his advances.
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Zeus tried to seduce her in vain.
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After several failed
attempts he appeared to her
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in the guise of a young
bird that had fallen
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from its nest and was shivering with cold.
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Moved by the sight, Hera
picked it up and held
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it against her in order to warm it up.
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At that point, Zeus
changed back into himself
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and tried to ravish her.
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Not one to get flustered,
Hera decided that she would
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give into him but only if
he promised to marry her.
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Zeus, unable to contain his desire agreed.
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And the beautiful Goddess
would lose no time
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in reminding him of his vow.
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Hera, it must be said, had many assets.
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Her beauty may have been a bit severe,
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but she took pride in her
appearance, and was known
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as the Goddess of the White Arms.
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She was irresistible.
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(light music)
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His marriage to Hera, which in a way,
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had been forced upon him
and the beauty of his wife
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did not stop Zeus from
pursuing his amorous
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affairs, which he did with
a very precise aim in mind.
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As the master of the
universe, he was seeking to
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strengthen his connection with the
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different elements in nature.
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For example, with water and the seas.
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Where had he met Eurynome, the
oldest daughter of Oceanus.
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Oh, well, it doesn't
matter, like the others,
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she succumbed to his charms.
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She would give him three
children, the famous graces.
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The three graces who
personified the joy of life
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deemed to be a gift from the God's.
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(intense music)
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Later, Zeus would spend
not less than nine nights
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with another Titanide,
the beautiful Nemesis,
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or Memory who would give him
nine daughters, the Muses.
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The Muses represented
the arts, and each Muse
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had her own special
gift, eloquence, history,
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poetry, music, et cetera.
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The Muses divided their
time between Mount Olympus
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where they entertained the
God's with their talents
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and Mount Helagon where
it was said there was
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a spring that was a source
of poetic inspiration.
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Among the God's, there was
one Goddess who's beauty
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was unsurpassable as well as mysterious.
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She was the Goddess of the night Laitle.
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Zeus desired her, he had
desired her for along time.
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And he wanted a boy, a
beautiful boy who would
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be the God of the light of the sun.
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The God of Music, and of poetry.
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He would get this child from
the Goddess of the Night.
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Had he forgotten Hera,
his wife, who was as
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vengeful as she was jealous.
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Laitle was a mistress that
Zeus regularly honored
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with his favors.
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She soon became pregnant with twins.
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But the queen of Olympus
exasperated by her husband's
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latest escapade sent
Python, a monstrous serpent
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who rose out of the depths
of the earth to pursue
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poor Laitle.
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Hera also decreed that
Laitle should never find
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rest in any land on which the sound shone.
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The unfortunate Goddess was forced
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to wander endlessly all over
Greece until she finally
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came when she was already
in the throws of labor
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to a small island in the Agean
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sea that agreed to give her asylum.
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She gave birth to a girl, Artemis,
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and to a boy, Apollo.
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But Zeus' wandering eye
did not only fall upon
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Goddesses, women, mortal
women also stirred
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the heart of the God of the God's.
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And that posed more than one problem.
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First of all, because
it is not in the order
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of things for God's and mortals to mix.
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And secondly because a mere
mortal cannot look upon
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the divine glory of a God.
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But Zeus had fallen passionately in love
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with one woman on earth,
one woman in particular.
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She was the daughter of the
King of Thebes, her name
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was Semele.
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In order to woo her, Zeus
had no choice but to appear
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to her in the guise of a handsome prince.
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This was the only way
that a God could be viewed
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by the human eye.
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The problem was that our
divine philandro was still
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married to Hera, and she
furiously disapproved
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of this romance that
was developing between
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her husband and Semele.
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Hera had no intention whatsoever
of turning a blind eye.
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00:16:33,080 --> 00:16:35,810
She took on the appearance
of Semele's old nurse,
248
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an elderly woman whom
Semele loved and trusted
249
00:16:39,180 --> 00:16:40,363
and went to see her.
250
00:16:46,240 --> 00:16:49,733
Semele who was already pregnant
was about to give birth.
251
00:16:50,798 --> 00:16:54,490
This man who claims to be
Zeus, the old nurse said to her
252
00:16:54,490 --> 00:16:57,210
are you sure he's not an imposter?
253
00:16:57,210 --> 00:17:00,170
Then tell him to show
you who he really is.
254
00:17:00,170 --> 00:17:04,680
If your lover is indeed Zeus,
ask him to prove it to you.
255
00:17:04,680 --> 00:17:07,580
Let him reveal himself to
you in all of his splendor
256
00:17:07,580 --> 00:17:09,933
just as he appears to the other God's.
257
00:17:11,900 --> 00:17:14,510
These words did not fail
to strike a cord with
258
00:17:14,510 --> 00:17:18,150
Semele, she began to
doubt, this man, her lover,
259
00:17:18,150 --> 00:17:19,683
could it really be Zeus?
260
00:17:20,720 --> 00:17:23,050
The next time he came to
see her, she begged him
261
00:17:23,050 --> 00:17:26,550
to show himself to her as he really was.
262
00:17:26,550 --> 00:17:30,342
Zeus refused, he knew only
too well what the consequences
263
00:17:30,342 --> 00:17:35,342
would be, Semele insisted,
Zeus stood his ground.
264
00:17:35,750 --> 00:17:38,220
If that's the way it is,
Semele threatened him,
265
00:17:38,220 --> 00:17:40,993
you will no longer be allowed in my bed.
266
00:17:42,020 --> 00:17:46,010
Mad with desire for
Semele, Zeus capitulated.
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As his lover looked on
in awe and astonishment,
268
00:17:48,670 --> 00:17:51,950
he revealed himself to
her as he really was
269
00:17:51,950 --> 00:17:56,140
in the eyes of mortals, he
was thunder and lightning.
270
00:17:56,140 --> 00:17:58,220
The entire palace went up in a blaze,
271
00:17:58,220 --> 00:18:00,550
and along with it poor Semele.
272
00:18:00,550 --> 00:18:03,420
She had just enough time
to give birth to her child
273
00:18:03,420 --> 00:18:06,700
before she was consumed by the flames.
274
00:18:06,700 --> 00:18:09,823
Miraculously the fire spared her child.
275
00:18:10,672 --> 00:18:14,770
It was a boy, Zeus took
the infant with him.
276
00:18:14,770 --> 00:18:17,133
He would be called Dionysus.
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00:18:23,350 --> 00:18:25,670
Clearly Zeus could not
sleep with mortals without
278
00:18:25,670 --> 00:18:28,070
employing incredible stratagems.
279
00:18:28,070 --> 00:18:31,300
At times, he became an eagle,
at other times a goose,
280
00:18:31,300 --> 00:18:34,300
or even a shower of gold varying his many
281
00:18:34,300 --> 00:18:36,953
amorous metamorphosis just
for the pleasure of it.
282
00:18:42,660 --> 00:18:45,440
On seeing an exquisite young
woman playing on the beach,
283
00:18:45,440 --> 00:18:49,100
Zeus felt his heart
throb wildly once again.
284
00:18:49,100 --> 00:18:51,510
She was a princess, the daughter of a king
285
00:18:51,510 --> 00:18:52,853
from the shores of Asia.
286
00:18:54,520 --> 00:18:56,510
How should he approach her?
287
00:18:56,510 --> 00:18:59,740
She was leading her flock out to pasture.
288
00:18:59,740 --> 00:19:02,430
Zeus took on the form of a bull,
289
00:19:02,430 --> 00:19:04,980
a dazzling bull with a snowy white coat
290
00:19:04,980 --> 00:19:07,780
and sinuing neck muscles
outfitted with horns
291
00:19:07,780 --> 00:19:11,530
that were more diaphanous
than a diamond of pure water.
292
00:19:11,530 --> 00:19:13,830
It was such a gorgeous
animal that the beautiful
293
00:19:13,830 --> 00:19:16,543
maiden drew closer in order to stroke it.
294
00:19:17,490 --> 00:19:20,630
The bull gently lay his
warm muzzle on her breast
295
00:19:20,630 --> 00:19:23,250
and then knelt down at her feet.
296
00:19:23,250 --> 00:19:25,223
The princess thus grew bolder.
297
00:19:27,090 --> 00:19:29,900
In spite of the protests of
her servants, she climbed onto
298
00:19:29,900 --> 00:19:33,460
the animals back, it
immediately jumped to its feet
299
00:19:33,460 --> 00:19:35,330
and rushed toward the shore.
300
00:19:35,330 --> 00:19:37,530
It galloped swiftly over
the sea and took the
301
00:19:37,530 --> 00:19:40,343
unfortunate maiden all the way to Crete.
302
00:19:41,188 --> 00:19:43,855
(intense music)
303
00:19:52,210 --> 00:19:55,210
Once there, Zeus changed
back into human form
304
00:19:55,210 --> 00:19:57,683
and then satisfied his desire.
305
00:19:58,900 --> 00:20:01,720
The princess from Asia who
would live here in Crete
306
00:20:01,720 --> 00:20:04,133
from now on was named Europa.
307
00:20:08,910 --> 00:20:11,530
To thank the animal that
had enabled him to abduct
308
00:20:11,530 --> 00:20:15,483
the princess, Zeus placed
the bull up among the stars.
309
00:20:17,830 --> 00:20:21,090
Keep your eyes on the
sky, not too far away from
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00:20:21,090 --> 00:20:25,830
here is the big dipper, it's
real name is Callistone.
311
00:20:25,830 --> 00:20:29,270
In Greek, Callistone
means the most beautiful.
312
00:20:29,270 --> 00:20:31,690
It is therefore hardly
surprising that Zeus
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00:20:31,690 --> 00:20:33,873
fell head over heels for this nymph.
314
00:20:38,500 --> 00:20:41,860
There was just one thing,
she was one of the servants
315
00:20:41,860 --> 00:20:43,563
of the Goddess Artemis.
316
00:20:47,560 --> 00:20:49,683
Artemis was the Goddess of hunting,
317
00:20:50,630 --> 00:20:54,090
she was also the Goddess of virginity.
318
00:20:54,090 --> 00:20:57,320
Callisto had thus taken a vow of chastity.
319
00:20:57,320 --> 00:21:00,740
No man was allowed to get
near her or her companions
320
00:21:00,740 --> 00:21:02,373
who were all virgin huntresses.
321
00:21:04,020 --> 00:21:05,860
The last man who transgressed the rule
322
00:21:05,860 --> 00:21:07,930
was a hunter named Actaeon.
323
00:21:07,930 --> 00:21:10,533
And he was punished in
a most dreadful way.
324
00:21:11,822 --> 00:21:15,460
Artemis changed him into
a stag who was devoured
325
00:21:15,460 --> 00:21:17,313
by his own hounds.
326
00:21:17,313 --> 00:21:19,980
(intense music)
327
00:21:27,260 --> 00:21:29,640
Zeus was well aware of the danger,
328
00:21:29,640 --> 00:21:32,530
he wondered how he could get around it.
329
00:21:32,530 --> 00:21:35,290
Who would Callisto trust
without any suspicion
330
00:21:35,290 --> 00:21:38,920
whatsoever, the Goddess
she served of course,
331
00:21:38,920 --> 00:21:42,750
Artemis herself, so he
approached his hearts desire
332
00:21:42,750 --> 00:21:45,203
disguised as the divine huntress.
333
00:21:46,570 --> 00:21:50,200
And there he was, or rather, she.
334
00:21:50,200 --> 00:21:53,590
What Callisto saw was her
mistress who was making eyes
335
00:21:53,590 --> 00:21:56,980
at her and covering her
with voluptuous caresses.
336
00:21:56,980 --> 00:22:01,183
Callisto's body trembled,
and then gave itself up.
337
00:22:06,070 --> 00:22:09,440
Several months went by,
Calsisto noticed with
338
00:22:09,440 --> 00:22:12,130
astonishment that were belly was growing,
339
00:22:12,130 --> 00:22:13,740
what was happening?
340
00:22:13,740 --> 00:22:16,203
Was it possible to get
pregnant by a woman?
341
00:22:17,360 --> 00:22:19,730
It didn't take Callisto long to realize
342
00:22:19,730 --> 00:22:22,273
that she had been deceived by Zeus.
343
00:22:25,330 --> 00:22:28,510
If by some misfortune
Artemis were to find out,
344
00:22:28,510 --> 00:22:30,003
that would be the end of her.
345
00:22:30,950 --> 00:22:34,220
A terrified Callisto
desperately tried to conceal
346
00:22:34,220 --> 00:22:36,670
her pregnancy in any way she could.
347
00:22:36,670 --> 00:22:39,700
She kept herself hidden,
wore larger and larger
348
00:22:39,700 --> 00:22:43,190
garments but one day when she was bathing
349
00:22:43,190 --> 00:22:46,740
in the river, Artemis, the
real Artemis discovered
350
00:22:46,740 --> 00:22:48,240
the truth.
351
00:22:48,240 --> 00:22:51,790
Callisto had gone astray,
it didn't matter whether
352
00:22:51,790 --> 00:22:53,820
she'd been tricked into giving in by a God
353
00:22:53,820 --> 00:22:56,303
or a mortal, she had to be punished.
354
00:22:58,120 --> 00:23:01,160
Sensing the Goddesses
rath, Zeus who was worried
355
00:23:01,160 --> 00:23:04,070
about Callisto's unborn
child immediately turned
356
00:23:04,070 --> 00:23:07,513
his lover into a bear and hid
her away in the mountains.
357
00:23:08,830 --> 00:23:12,030
But he underestimated Artemis's abilities.
358
00:23:12,030 --> 00:23:14,315
Was she not after all
the Goddess of the hunt,
359
00:23:14,315 --> 00:23:17,723
weren't her attributes a bow
and arrow and her quiver?
360
00:23:20,720 --> 00:23:24,520
It only took Artemis a few
hours to find Callisto.
361
00:23:24,520 --> 00:23:28,250
And without any hesitation,
she shot the she bear
362
00:23:28,250 --> 00:23:29,933
through the heart with an arrow.
363
00:23:33,880 --> 00:23:35,703
Callisto was dying.
364
00:23:36,634 --> 00:23:39,217
(somber music)
365
00:23:47,730 --> 00:23:51,010
And so Hermes, Hermes
the faithful messenger
366
00:23:51,010 --> 00:23:53,860
of the God's was sent by Zeus to rescue
367
00:23:53,860 --> 00:23:56,893
and extremist the child
that Callisto was carrying.
368
00:23:58,250 --> 00:24:01,350
The boy would named Arcus, he would become
369
00:24:01,350 --> 00:24:02,693
King of Arcadia.
370
00:24:03,580 --> 00:24:05,760
And what about poor Callisto?
371
00:24:05,760 --> 00:24:09,400
Zeus didn't forget her, he
put her body up in the sky
372
00:24:09,400 --> 00:24:12,830
to become Urso Mager,
the great bear, commonly
373
00:24:12,830 --> 00:24:14,657
known as the big dipper.
374
00:24:23,420 --> 00:24:26,124
Zeus' amorous conquests were countless,
375
00:24:26,124 --> 00:24:29,530
from the Goddesses Zeus
sought to acquire the virtues
376
00:24:29,530 --> 00:24:31,230
that he lacked.
377
00:24:31,230 --> 00:24:32,530
But he also spent his time
378
00:24:32,530 --> 00:24:34,740
seeking beauty for his own pleasure.
379
00:24:34,740 --> 00:24:37,450
Beauty in its purest and simplest form,
380
00:24:37,450 --> 00:24:40,360
wherever he could find it,
whether among Goddesses,
381
00:24:40,360 --> 00:24:41,663
or among Mortals.
382
00:24:45,810 --> 00:24:48,360
Zeus may have been the master of Olympus,
383
00:24:48,360 --> 00:24:50,930
but in matters of love
he was not any better
384
00:24:50,930 --> 00:24:54,163
than the rest of us mortals
in overcoming his desires.
385
00:24:55,543 --> 00:25:00,153
He was a very human, all
too human King of the God's.
386
00:25:01,019 --> 00:25:03,686
(intense music)
31173
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